SwiftでのiOSアプリ開発
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SwiftでのiOSアプリ開発

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SwiftでiOSアプリ開発を行ったときの体験やポイントを共有します。

SwiftでiOSアプリ開発を行ったときの体験やポイントを共有します。

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SwiftでのiOSアプリ開発 SwiftでのiOSアプリ開発 Presentation Transcript

  • Swi$䛷䛾iOS䜰䝥䝸㛤Ⓨ 2014ᖺ9᭶ 䜖䜑䜏㻌᳃ୗ㻌೺ 㻝
  • ⮬ᕫ⤂௓ • mokemokechicken @{Twi6er, Facebook, Github, Qiita} • ᰴᘧ఍♫䜖䜑䜏㻌2014ᖺᗘCTO ௵ᮇ䛿1ᖺ䛺䛾䛷䛩 • タィ/䜲䞁䝣䝷/䝃䞊䝞䝃䜲䝗/iOS 䛜୺ • 䛣䜒䜣䛱䜓䜣ዲ䛝䛺஧ඣ䛾䝟䝟 㻞
  • ♫ෆPJ䛷ᬤ䛺䛸䛝䛻 䛣䜣䛺䜰䝥䝸䜢స䛳䛶䜎䛧䛯 (䜎䛰⤊䜟䛳䛶䛺䛔…) • Ꮚ౪ྥ䛡䜰䝥䝸 • 䜋䜌Swi$䛷 • Core Data䜒฼⏝ 䛣䛾㛤Ⓨ䜢㏻䛧䛶ᚓ䛯䛣䛸䜢௒᪥䛿䛤⤂௓䛧䜎䛩 㻟
  • Swi$䛾㉸ᇶᮏ 㻠
  • Swi$䛿䝰䝎䞁䛺ゝㄒ ୙ኚ䛺ኚᩘ䜔Object䜢స䜜䜛 ᆺ᥎ㄽ䛻䜘䜛䝇䝖䝺䝇䛾ᑡ䛺䛔䝁䞊䝕䜱䞁䜾 㛵ᩘᆺゝㄒ䛾≉ᚩ䜢ᣢ䛴 Generics䛒䜚䜎䛩 CocoaPods 䜒౑䛘䜛䜘 ⤮ᩥᏐ䜒ኚᩘ䞉㛵ᩘྡ䛻౑䛘䜎䛩(^^; 㻡
  • ୙ኚ䛺ኚᩘ䜔Object䜢స䜜䜛 var 䛿෌௦ධྍ⬟䛺ኚᩘ let 䛿෌௦ධ୙ྍ⬟䛺ᐃᩘ 䜶䝷䞊䛻䛺䜛 㻢
  • ᆺ᥎ㄽ䛻䜘䜛䝇䝖䝺䝇䛾ᑡ䛺䛔䝁䞊䝕䜱䞁䜾 ᆺ䛜ྑ㎶䛺䛹䛛䜙᥎ 䛷䛝䜛ሙྜ䛿┬␎ྍ⬟ ┬␎OK ↓㥏䛰䛧䛽 㻣
  • 㛵ᩘᆺゝㄒ䛾≉ᚩ䜢ᣢ䛴 㛵ᩘ䜢ᘬᩘ䛻ྲྀ䜜䜛 䠄䝣䜯䞊䝇䝖䜽䝷䝇㛵ᩘ䛷䛒䜛䠅 䕔 䛱䜗䛳䛸౽฼ ᭱ᚋ䛾ᘬᩘ䛜㛵ᩘ䛺䜙 䜹䝑䝁䜢㛢䛨䛶䛛䜙Closure䜢᭩䛟䛣䛸䜒䛷䛝䜛 䜒䛿䜔Blocks䛿 ྂ௦ㄒ㨱⾡ 㻤
  • ኱஦䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ 䛔䛟䛴䛛 Pickup䛩䜛䜘 㻥
  • Module • 䝁䞊䝗䜢㓄ᕸ䛩䜛༢఩ • ‘import’ 䛷௚䛾Module䜢ཧ↷䛷䛝䜛 • Framework䜔ApplicaWon䜒䛣䛾༢఩䛷㓄ᕸ 㻝㻜
  • Module ᇶᮏⓗ䛻Project䛾Target䛜Moduleྡ䛻䛺䜛 㻝㻝
  • Module䛸ྡ๓✵㛫 petamp Module䛾㻌MyClass 䛸䛔䛖Class䛿 petamp.MyClass 䛜䝣䝹䝛䞊䝮䛻䛺䜛䚹 Module㛫䛷ྡ๓䛜㔜」䛧䛯ሙྜ䛿⛥䛻䛣䛾 䜘䛖䛺ᣦᐃ䛜ᚲせ䛻䛺䜛䚹 㻝㻞
  • Accessಟ㣭Ꮚ • public protected 䛸䛛䛿↓䛔 – ௚䛾Module䛛䜙䜰䜽䝉䝇ྍ⬟ • Internal (┬␎᫬䛿䛣䜜䠅 – ྠ୍Moduleෆ䛺䜙䜰䜽䝉䝇ྍ⬟ – ௚䛾Module䛛䜙䛿䜰䜽䝉䝇䛷䛝䛺䛔 • private – ྠ୍䝣䜯䜲䝹ෆ䛺䜙䜰䜽䝉䝇ྍ⬟ – ௚䛾䝣䜯䜲䝹䛛䜙䛿䜰䜽䝉䝇䛷䛝䛺䛔 㻝㻟
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ ౛䛘䜀䚸String䛺䛹䛾୍䛴䛾ᆺ䛻ᑐ䛧䛶䚸䠏䛴䛾ᆺ䛜䛒䜛 ᭱ึ䛿ᑡ䛧 ᝎ䜐䜣䛰䜘䛽 㻝㻠 String String? String! 䛣䛾㻌䛂ᆺ䟿䛃㻌䛸䛛䛂ᆺ䠛䛃㻌䛿 䛒䜛ព࿡Swi$䛾᭱኱䛾≉ᚩ
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ ㏻ᖖ䛾ᆺ䛾ኚᩘ䛻nil䛿௦ධ䛷䛝䛺䛔 ? 䛛㻌! 䜢௜䛡䜛䛸㻌nil 䜢௦ධ䛷䛝䜛 䝁䞁䝟䜲䝹䜶䝷䞊 㻝㻡
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ 㛵ᩘ䛺䛹䛾௬ᘬᩘ䛷䜒ྠ䛨 䛣䜜䜒 䝁䞁䝟䜲䝹䜶䝷䞊 㻝㻢
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ 䛂ᆺ!䛃䛿䚸 ┤᥋䛂ᆺ䛃䜈䜰䜽䝉䝇䛷䛝䜛 ኚᩘ䛾ෆᐜ䛜nil䛺䜙ᐇ⾜᫬䜶䝷䞊䛻䛺䜛 Nil䛰䛸䜃䛳䛟䜚䟿 䛧䛶ⴠ䛱䜛 㻝㻣
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ 䛂ᆺ?䛃䛿䚸 䛂ኚᩘ?䛃䛛䛂ኚᩘ!䛃䜢౑䜟䛺䛔䛸䛂ᆺ䛃䜈䜰䜽䝉䝇䛷䛝䛺䛔 ᭱ᚋ䛾䛿 䝁䞁䝟䜲䝹䜶䝷䞊 㻝㻤
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ 䛂ኚᩘ?䛃䛿䚸ኚᩘ䛾ෆᐜ䛜nil䛺䜙⤖ᯝ䛜nil䛻䛺䜛 䛂ኚᩘ!䛃䛿䚸ኚᩘ䛾ෆᐜ䛜nil䛺䜙ᐇ⾜᫬䜶䝷䞊䛻䛺䜛 ?䛾ືస䛿 ᚑ᮶䛾ObjC䛸ྠ䛨䛰䛽 㻝㻥
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ 㢖ฟ䛺グἲ䛰䜘 ᆺ? 䜔㻌ᆺ! 䛾᫬䛾 nil 䝏䜵䝑䜽䛾ᐃ␒ ‘if let’ name != nil 䛾䛸䛝 sureName 䛻 name! 䛜௦ධ䛥䜜䜛 㻞㻜
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ var name: String 䜢౛䛻䛩䜛䛸 ᆺ nil䛾௦ධ ෆᐜ䜈䛾䜰䜽䝉䝇 ෆᐜ䛜nil 䛰䛳䛯ሙྜ String 䛷䛝䛺䛔 name.isEmpty 䛒䜚ᚓ䛺䛔 String? 䛷䛝䜛 name?.isEmpty nil䛻䛺䜛 name!.isEmpty ᐇ⾜᫬䜶䝷䞊 String! 䛷䛝䜛 name.isEmpty ᐇ⾜᫬䜶䝷䞊 䟿䛾᫬䛰䛡 䜶䝷䞊䛜䛒䜚ᚓ䜛 㻞㻝
  • 䛂ᆺ䟿䛃䛾౑䛔䛹䛣䜝䛿䠛 䛂ᆺ䟿䛃䛿nil䛾䝏䜵䝑䜽䜢䛧䛺䛔༴㝤䛺ᆺ 䛰䛡䛹䚸 䛂䜋䜌㛫㐪䛔䛺䛟nil䛨䜓䛺䛔䛃 䛂䜒䛧nil䛺䜙ⴠ䛱䛯䜋䛖䛜䝬䝅䛰䛧䛩䛠䜟䛛䜛䛃 䜘䛖䛺ሙྜ䛿౑䛖䛸౽฼䛷䛩 㻞㻞
  • Swi$䛾nil䝏䜵䝑䜽䛿⤖ᵓ䛧䛳䛛䜚䛧䛶䛔䜛 Class䛿䝯䞁䝞ኚᩘ䛜 init() 䛷ึᮇ໬䛥䜜䛶䛺䛔䛸 䝁䞁䝟䜲䝹䜶䝷䞊䛻䛺䜛 䛣䜜䛿NG 䛣䜜䛺䜙OK 㻞㻟
  • 䛂ᆺ䟿䛃䛾౑䛔䛹䛣䜝: ౛䛘䜀 ViewController 䛺䛹䛿init()䛷䛿䛺䛟䚸 ኱᢬㻌viewDidLoad 䛺䛹䛷ึᮇ໬䛩䜛䛾䛷 䝯䞁䝞ኚᩘ䛿㻌ᆺ? 䛛㻌ᆺ! 䛻䛩䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䚹 䛭䛾୰䛷 䛂እ㒊䛛䜙ᚲ䛪䝉䝑䝖䛥䜜䜛ኚᩘ䛃 䛂IBOutlet䛾䜘䛖䛺ኚᩘ䛃 䛿䚸ᆺ!䛺䛹䛷䜒኱᢬OK䛸ゝ䛘䜛䚹 㻞㻠
  • nil䛻㛵䛩䜛ぶษ䛺ゝㄒ௙ᵝ䞉䜎䛸䜑 • 䝯䞁䝞ኚᩘ䜔API䛜nil䜢㏉䛩䛛䛜᫂♧䛥䜜䜛 – 䜘䜚䛂ពᅗ䜢䛣䜑䛯䛃䝥䝻䜾䝷䝮䛻䛺䜛 • nil䛻ᑐ䛩䜛ㄆ㆑㐪䛔䛜ῶ䜚䚸Ᏻ඲䛺䝁䞊䝗䛻䛺䜛 NilᏳ඲ 㻞㻡
  • ObjecWve-­‐C 䛸䛾㐃ᦠ䠖 ObjC 䜢 Swi$䛛䜙ཧ↷ <projectྡ>-­‐Bridging-­‐Header.h 䛸䛔䛖䝣䜯䜲䝹䜢స䛳䛶䛭䛣䛻 importᩥ䜢᭩䛟 petamp-­‐Bridging-­‐Header.h 㻞㻢
  • ObjecWve-­‐C 䛸䛾㐃ᦠ䠖 Swi$䜢ObjC䛛䜙ཧ↷ 1. Swi$䛾Class䜢public䛻䛧䛯䜚䚸@objc䜢௜䛡䜛 2. ObjC䛷䛿㻌<projectྡ>-­‐Swi$.h 䜢 import䛩䜛 petamp䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛾ሙྜ 㻞㻣
  • @objc 䛳䛶䛺䜣䛰䠛 䜲䝬䜲䝏䜘䛟⌮ゎ䛧䛶䛺䛔䞉䞉䞉 • ObjecWve-­‐Cഃ䛻export䛩䜛䛸䛝䛻௜䛡䜛 • Protocol䜢weak䛷ಖᣢ䛩䜛䛸䛝䛻௜䛡䜛 䛸䛛䛷౑䛖䜏䛯䛔䚹 㻞㻤
  • Swi$䛾౽฼䛺䛸䛣䜝 㻞㻥
  • Header䝣䜯䜲䝹䜢᭩䛛䛺䛟䛶Ⰻ䛔䟿 • ᆅ࿡䛻䛛䛺䜚Ꮀ䛧䛔 • Property䛸䛛䛾ᐉゝ䜒≉䛻᭩䛛䛺䛟䛶Ⰻ䛔 • ඲యⓗ䛻ᩥᏐᩘ䛜䛛䛺䜚ῶ䛳䛶䚸䛭䜜䛰䛡䛷ᴦ .h䛸.m䜢 ⾜䛳䛯䜚᮶䛯䜚 䛧䛺䛟䛶䜘䛟䛺䛳䛯 㻟㻜
  • ጁ䛺Prefix䜢Classྡ䛺䛹䛻௜䛡䛺䛟䛶Ⰻ䛔 Module䛾ྡ๓✵㛫䛜䛒䜛䛾䛷䛂YMY䛃䛾䜘䛖䛺 Prefix䜢ᐃᩘ䜔Classྡ䛻䛴䛡䜛ᚲせ䛜䛺䛟䛺䛳䛯䚹 䝃䞊䝗䝟䞊䝔䜱䛾䝷䜲䝤䝷䝸ෆ䛷 Prefix䜢௜䛡ᛀ䜜䛶䛔䛶⾪✺䛩䜛 䛸䛔䛖஦௳䜒䛺䛟䛺䜛䚹 ୙ᖾ䛺஦௳䛰䛳䛯 㻟㻝
  • 䜟䜚䛸ᆺᏳ඲䚸nil䜒Ᏻ඲ • idᆺ䛰䛸䛺䜣䛷䜒௦ධ䛷䛝䛶䛧䜎䛳䛶䛔䛯 • Generics䜔OpWonal䛾௙ᵝ䛾䛚䛛䛢䛷䚸 䛰䛔䜆䝁䞁䝟䜲䝹᫬䛾䝏䜵䝑䜽䛜䛥䜜䜛䜘䛖䛻䛺䛳䛯 • ᆺ᥎ㄽ䛾䛚䛛䛢䛷グ㏙㔞䛿䛭䜜䜋䛹ቑ䛘䛺䛔 ᐇ⾜䛩䜛๓䛻 ၥ㢟ᢕᥱ 㻟㻞
  • ௚䛻䜒䛔䜝䛔䜝Ẽ䛜฼䛔䛶䛔䜛 • Closure䛜᭩䛝䜔䛩䛔 • ᙉຊ䛺Switch Case • enum 䛜䛛䛺䜚㧗ᶵ⬟ • ྍኚ㛗ᘬᩘ䛾㛵ᩘ䛜ᐃ⩏䛧䜔䛩䛔 • ᘬᩘ䛻default್䜢ᐃ⩏䛷䛝䜛 • Class property 䛾 get, set, willSet, didSet • extension 䛻䜘䜛ᣑᙇ䚸Int 䛺䛹䜒ᣑᙇ䛷䛝䜛 㻟㻟
  • Swi$䛾Ẽ䜢䛴䛡䜛Ⅼ 㻟㻠
  • ObjCഃ䛾 weakኚᩘ䛻ὀព ↑䛣䛖䛔䛖 property䛻 Swi$ഃ䛾Object䜢 ௦ධ䠄⤖ᯝⓗ䛻䠅䛩䜛㝿䛻 NSObject䜢⥅ᢎ䛧䛶䛺䛔䛸௦ධ䛥䜜䛺䛔 h6p://qiita.com/mokemokechicken/items/c0386acqb37429f9c16 䝎䝯 䝎䝯 OK 䛂䝎䝯䛃䛺䜔䛴䛿䛩䛠䛻nil䛻䛺䜚䜎䛩 㻟㻡
  • @selector 䛷࿧䜆Object䛻ὀព UIBu6on#addTarget NSNoWficaWonCenter#addObserver 䛺䛹䛷㻌@selector䜢౑䛖ᣦᐃ䜢䛩䜛ሙྜ䚸 䛭䛾ᑐ㇟䛸䛺䜛Object䛿 NSObject䜢⥅ᢎ䛧䛯䜚䚸@objc 䛾䜘䛖䛺ಟ㣭䛜ᚲせ䚹 䜒䛧䛭䜜䜙䛜䛺䛡䜜䜀Crash䛩䜛䚹 㻟㻢 h6p://qiita.com/mokemokechicken/items/9d7b941a45a5534411c9
  • @selector 䛷࿧䜆Object䛻ὀព 㻟㻣 䛣䜣䛺䝁䞊䝗䛰䛸䜽䝷䝑䝅䝳䛩䜛 Hoge 䛣䛣䛷䜽䝷䝑䝅䝳䟿 䛜 NSObject䜢⥅ᢎ䛧䛯䜚䚸 @objc ಟ㣭䛥䜜䛶䛔䜜䜀኱୔ኵ h6p://qiita.com/mokemokechicken/items/9d7b941a45a5534411c9
  • protected䛾䜰䜽䝉䝇ಟ㣭Ꮚ䛜䛺䛔 • Java䛸䛛C#䛾ឤぬ䛷䜽䝷䝇タィ䛩䜛䛸ᅔ䜛᫬䜒 • 䛣䛾㎶䜚䛿ObjecWve−C䛾᫬䛸ኚ䜟䛳䛶䛺䛔 䜐䛪䛔 㻟㻤
  • ༢య䝔䝇䝖䜢᭩䛟᫬䛻ᝎ䜐 ● ㏻ᖖ䛿䝔䝇䝖䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛿ูModule䛻䛺䜛 ● ู䝰䝆䝳䞊䝹䛛䜙ཧ↷䛩䜛䛻䛿㻌public 䛷䛒䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛 ู䚻 㻟㻥
  • ༢య䝔䝇䝖䜢᭩䛟᫬䛻ᝎ䜐 [㑅ᢥ] 䠍䠅㻌䝔䝇䝖ᑐ㇟䛾䝁䞊䝗䜢඲䛶public䛻䛩䜛 䠎䠅㻌䝸䝸䞊䝇⏝䛾䝁䞊䝗䜢䝔䝇䝖䝥䝻䝆䜵䜽䝖䛻ྵ䜑䜛 䛣䜣䛺ឤ䛨 䕪 䠏䠅㻌䝔䝇䝖䜢᭩䛛䛺䛔 ௒䛿䠎䛷 䜔䛳䛶䜎䛩 㻠㻜
  • 䛥䛔䛤䛻 • Swi$䛿༑ศᐇ⏝ⓗ䛷㛤Ⓨຠ⋡䜒ୖ䛜䜚䛭䛖 • iOS䜶䞁䝆䝙䜰䛺䜙ぬ䛘䜛ᚲせ䛜䛒䜛䛰䜝䛖 • 䛷䜒 ObjecWve-­‐C ⤒㦂⪅䛺䜙㞴䛧䛟↓䛔䛛䜙኱୔ኵ䟿 Swi$ 䛾ព࿡䛿 䛂㏿䛔䚸㎿㏿䛺䛃 㻠㻝