Plutonium - Several Compounds Of This Toxic, Radioactive Heavy Metal Are Pyrophoric And Burn When Exposed To Air; Was A Plutonium Micro Nuclear Bomb Used In Allepo And Bali In 2002?
Plutonium is a transuranic radioactive chemical element with the symbol Pu and atomic number 94. It is an actinide metal of silvery-gray appearance that tarnishes when exposed to air, and forms a dull coating when oxidized. The element normally exhibits six allotropes and four oxidation states. It reacts with carbon, halogens, nitrogen, silicon and hydrogen.
PLUTONIUM IN MOIST AIR FORMS OXIDES AND HYDRIDES THAT FLAKE OFF AS A POWDER, AND THAT POWDER CAN AND DOES SPONTANEOUSLY IGNITE
Plutonium is a transuranic radioactive chemical element with the symbol Pu and atomic number 94. It is an actinide metal of silvery-gray appearance that tarnishes when exposed to air, and forms a dull coating when oxidized. The element normally exhibits six allotropes and four oxidation states. It reacts with carbon, halogens, nitrogen, silicon and hydrogen.
When exposed to moist air, it forms oxides and hydrides that expand the sample up to 70% in volume, which in turn flake off as a powder that can spontaneously ignite. It is radioactive and can accumulate in the bones. These properties make the handling of plutonium dangerous.....
At 135 °C plutonium will ignite in air and will explode if placed in carbon tetrachloride.[32] (Note; mixed wastes including plutonium plus toxic chemicals like this one were accepted at WIPP. High level wastes at WIPP are both hot temperature wise and emit radiation in the Billions of bequerels per Kg.)
Plutonium is a reactive metal. In moist air or moist argon, the metal oxidizes rapidly, producing a mixture of oxides and hydrides.[5] If the metal is exposed long enough to a limited amount of water vapor, a powdery surface coating of PuO2 is formed.[5] Also formed is plutonium hydride but an excess of water vapor forms only PuO2.[31]
With this coating, the metal is pyrophoric, meaning it can ignite spontaneously, so plutonium metal is usually handled in an inert, dry atmosphere of nitrogen or argon. Oxygen retards the effects of moisture and acts as a passivating agent.[5]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium
More on this subject is available at;
Surface and Corrosion Chemistry of PLUTONIUM
http://fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/pubs/00818031.pdf
More on this subject is available at;
Surface and Corrosion Chemistry of PLUTONIUM
http://fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/pubs/00818031.pdf
DEPT OF ENERGY SAYS SEVERAL COMPOUNDS OF PLUTONIUM ARE PYROPHORIC AND HAVE CAUSED SERIOUS FIRES AT NUCLEAR FUEL PROCESSING FACILITIES
Plutonium: several compounds are pyrophoric, and it causes some of the most serious fires occurring in United States Department of Energy facilities.[8]
Plutonium's pyrophoricity can cause it to look like a glowing ember under certain conditions. A pyrophoric substance (from Greek πυροφόρος, pyrophoros, "fire-bearing") is a substance that ignites spontaneously in air at or below 54.55 °C (130.19 °F)".[1] Examples are iron sulfide and many reactive metals including uranium, when powdered or thinly sliced. Pyrophoric materials are often water-reactive as well and will ignite when they contact water or humid air.
Allotropes of plutonium occurs in a variety of allotropes of plutonium, even at ambient pressure. These allotropes differ widely in crystal structure and density; the α and δ allotropes differ in density by more than 25% at constant pressure.
Plutonium normally has six allotropes and forms a seventh (zeta, ζ) under high temperature and a limited pressure range.[1] These allotropes have very similar energy levels but significantly varying densities and crystal structures. This makes plutonium very sensitive to changes in temperature, pressure, or chemistry, and allows for dramatic volume changes following phase transitions.[2] Unlike most materials, plutonium increases in density when it melts, by 2.5%, but the liquid metal exhibits a linear decrease in density with temperature.[3] Densities of the different allotropes vary from 16.00 g/cm3 to 19.86 g/cm3.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allotropes_of_plutonium
SPENT FUEL POOLS AT ALL NUCLEAR PLANTS CAN AND DO CATCH FIRE IF EXPOSED TO AIR
Gundersen: Pyrophoric fire if fuel rods in Unit 4 pool are not cooled — Potential contamination of entire northern hemisphere (VIDEO) The fuel is still hot enough where it can begin to burn… cesium and plutonium and all that…It would volatilize as the fuel burns, it creates a pyrophoric fire which is a fire that water cannot put out. Likely resulting in an evacuation of Tokyo at the least, and potentially contamination of the entire northern hemisphere.
What happened to all of the spent fuel pools as the water boiled out of them? Reports of multiple fires did come out after 3/11, but TEPCO will not admit to any of these. No one has done an official survey of what is left in either the reactors, the spent fuel pools, nor has anyone found out where the melted coriums went from the three reactors TEPCO admitted to having melted down and through.
NUCLEAR WASTE CAN AND DOES CATCH ON FIRE OR EXPLODE AT LONG TERM STORAGE FACILITIES
What happened at the WIPP facility, which recently released plutonium, americium and other radioactive gases in unknown amounts?
Radioactive Plutonium Plume Coming Out of New Mexico's WIPP – Geological Nuclear Radioactive Waste Isolation Pilot Plant
Radioactive Plutonium Plume Coming Out of New Mexico's WIPP – Geological Nuclear Radioactive Waste Isolation Pilot Plant
What caused the release of plutonium from both Fukushima and now WIPP? Could the release have had something to do with plutonium being pyrophoric and igniting, and/or exploding due to being combined with chemicals in some form or fashion?
Numerous, Severe Geological Problems Identified At WIPP Site, DOE Went Ahead Anyway With Illegal High Level Waste
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/03/numerous-severe-geological-problems.html
WIPP Ventilation System 'Unstable', Possibly Due To Underground Explosion, Another Explosion Possible AT ANY TIME
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/02/wipp-ventilation-system-damaged.html
Radioactive Plutonium Plume Coming Out of New Mexico's WIPP – Geological Nuclear Radioactive Waste Isolation Pilot Plant
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/02/radioactive-plutonium-plume-coming-out.html
Long Term Storage Of Nuclear Fuel, Nuclear Waste Problems/Issues
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/p/recycling-or-long-term-storage-of.html
Spent Fuel Pool Risks At Nuclear Power Plants and Dry Cask High Burnup Plutonium Fuel Storage Problems
Of all the common nuclear fuels, Pu-239 has the smallest critical mass. A spherical untamped critical mass is about 11 kg (24.2 lbs),[2] 10.2 cm (4") in diameter. Using appropriate triggers, neutron reflectors, implosion geometry and tampers, this critical mass can be reduced by more than twofold. This optimization usually requires a large nuclear development organization supported by a sovereign nation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium-239
The lightest nuclear warhead ever acknowledged to have been manufactured by the U.S. is the W54, which was used in both the Davy Crockett 120 mm recoilless rifle-launched warhead and the backpack-carried version called the Mk-54 SADM (Special Atomic Demolition Munition). The bare warhead package was an 11 in by 16 in (28 cm by 41 cm) cylinder that weighed 51 lbs (23 kg). It was, however, small enough to fit in a footlocker-sized container.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suitcase_nuclear_device
A footlocker size is about as small as a micro nuke gets, and that will not fit into a 4 inch sewer pipe.
Also, if somehow, a person could fit a nuke into a sewer pipe, it would completely block it, and cause a backup.. Combining water and plutonium is also not a good idea, as plutonium may catch on fire spontaneously, and that is not a good thing. So the weapon would have to be placed and blown, all in a matter of seconds or minutes. Someone would notice workmen messing with a sewer pipe right before any nuclear explosion.
How would the nuke go around bends and corners that are the rule with sewer pipes, in order to be placed right in front of the Bali nightclub?
The whole thing is just a little too far out there and the pieces of a nuclear mini nuclear weapon theory just do not fit together.
Now the nuclear device explosion in Yemen; that one is REAL, due to EVIDENCE AND DATA, which cannot be explained away. But that explosion was not a miniature one; it was MASSIVE....
Former IAEA Inspector And Nuclear Physicist Says Neutron/Nuclear Bomb Went Off In Yemen, Comparison To Huge Explosion, Digital Camera Pixelations Prove This Was A Nuclear Device
http://www.agreenroadjournal.com/2015/05/former-iaea-inspector-and-nuclear.html
There is a certain critical mass that you just cannot get below, in order to get an atomic explosion. And to light plutonium off, you need a neutron reflector and/or a 'gun' and that all adds weight, etc.
If you combine water and plutonium powder, you will get spontaneous combustion, but not a nuclear explosion.
For a full discussion of what it takes to get an atomic bomb to explode, and not create a radioactive fire or a fizzle, see
http://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/index.php?topic=39669.0
AGR is still calling the micro nuclear video and Bali micro nuke story a bogus theory, with no basis in scientific fact, evidence or real world data.
Numerous, Severe Geological Problems Identified At WIPP Site, DOE Went Ahead Anyway With Illegal High Level Waste
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/03/numerous-severe-geological-problems.html
WIPP Ventilation System 'Unstable', Possibly Due To Underground Explosion, Another Explosion Possible AT ANY TIME
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/02/wipp-ventilation-system-damaged.html
Radioactive Plutonium Plume Coming Out of New Mexico's WIPP – Geological Nuclear Radioactive Waste Isolation Pilot Plant
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2014/02/radioactive-plutonium-plume-coming-out.html
Long Term Storage Of Nuclear Fuel, Nuclear Waste Problems/Issues
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/p/recycling-or-long-term-storage-of.html
PLUTONIUM MOX FUEL BURNED AND EXPLODED AT FUKUSHIMA
What Really Happened At Fukushima Reactor And Spent Fuel Pool #3?
Multiple Fukushima Spent Fuel Pools Burned And Vaporized, Plutonium MOX Fuel Vaporized And Traveled All Around The World On Jet Stream
Spent Fuel Pool Risks At Nuclear Power Plants and Dry Cask High Burnup Plutonium Fuel Storage Problems
http://agreenroad.blogspot.com/2013/12/spent-fuel-pool-risks-at-nuclear-power.html
WAS A PLUTONIUM MICRO NUKE USED IN BALI BOMB BLAST IN 2002?
There are several stories and videos circulating on the Internet about a micro nuclear bomb being used in Aleppo and in Bali. Here is the one side of the story, claiming that micro nukes were behind these bomb blasts.
GOMSeptember 1, 2016 WAS A "MICRO-NUKE" WARHEAD USED IN BALI BLAST?
Once you closely examine the statistics of the Bali bomb blast, you realize…a nuclear warhead
DETAILS THAT POINT DIRECTLY TO A NUCLEAR DEVICE.
http://www.cuttingedge.org/news/n1715.cfm
*Several journalist's accounts..Graphic text.
Micro Nuclear Bombs
The following high-speed videos shows the detonation of a slight variation of ration and isotopes of uranium and plutonium. This mixture is a newly invented hyper-critical fission material, allowing the detonation of only minuscule amounts of material in the range of micro- and nanograms. Therefore, these small amounts of material can be detonated in an ordinary laboratory environment without the fear of harmful amounts of radiation, heat or light being produced.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVvURlk6Vjc&sns=em[ 2 minutes ]
Dr. Goodheart Calling this BS....Maybe it was magnesium… or thermite, but it was definitely NOT nuclear.
Hippie DogSeptember 1, 2016 I agree with Dr. G on this one. That ain't nuclear…Made too many cool mag or acetylene booms back in the day cutting steel and playin around with these things I guess! Just don't think so…
GOM September 2, 2016 Time passed and by the late fifties these fission weapons were being “micronized”. It was not long before the scientists realized that in creating the tiny “core weapon” for the hydrogen bomb, they had also created a relatively lightweight micro nuclear weapon that could be carried by a single soldier for various uses. As you will read later in this report, no ordinary Geiger counter from any nation could detect radiation from the weapon. Why dozens of full-size human victims had vanished completely without trace. Only a critical nuclear weapon has the heat needed for instant cremation, combined with the incredibly fast shock wave needed to completely remove the resulting cremated particles from the local area. If this doesn't change your mind, nothing will.
http://loveforlife.com.au/content/08/01/31/bali-micro-nuke-lack-radiation-confuses-experts-bomb-flashed-exploded-micro-nuke-ge
Dr. Goodheart September 2, 2016 Still calling the micro nuke stuff fake due to not having enough critical mass inside of a 4 inch sewer pipe, which is what the articles above claim is where the micro nuclear weapon was placed. There are many problems with this theory..
GOMSeptember 1, 2016 WAS A "MICRO-NUKE" WARHEAD USED IN BALI BLAST?
Once you closely examine the statistics of the Bali bomb blast, you realize…a nuclear warhead
DETAILS THAT POINT DIRECTLY TO A NUCLEAR DEVICE.
http://www.cuttingedge.org/news/n1715.cfm
*Several journalist's accounts..Graphic text.
Micro Nuclear Bombs
The following high-speed videos shows the detonation of a slight variation of ration and isotopes of uranium and plutonium. This mixture is a newly invented hyper-critical fission material, allowing the detonation of only minuscule amounts of material in the range of micro- and nanograms. Therefore, these small amounts of material can be detonated in an ordinary laboratory environment without the fear of harmful amounts of radiation, heat or light being produced.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VVvURlk6Vjc&sns=em[ 2 minutes ]
Dr. Goodheart Calling this BS....Maybe it was magnesium… or thermite, but it was definitely NOT nuclear.
Hippie DogSeptember 1, 2016 I agree with Dr. G on this one. That ain't nuclear…Made too many cool mag or acetylene booms back in the day cutting steel and playin around with these things I guess! Just don't think so…
GOM September 2, 2016 Time passed and by the late fifties these fission weapons were being “micronized”. It was not long before the scientists realized that in creating the tiny “core weapon” for the hydrogen bomb, they had also created a relatively lightweight micro nuclear weapon that could be carried by a single soldier for various uses. As you will read later in this report, no ordinary Geiger counter from any nation could detect radiation from the weapon. Why dozens of full-size human victims had vanished completely without trace. Only a critical nuclear weapon has the heat needed for instant cremation, combined with the incredibly fast shock wave needed to completely remove the resulting cremated particles from the local area. If this doesn't change your mind, nothing will.
http://loveforlife.com.au/content/08/01/31/bali-micro-nuke-lack-radiation-confuses-experts-bomb-flashed-exploded-micro-nuke-ge
Dr. Goodheart September 2, 2016 Still calling the micro nuke stuff fake due to not having enough critical mass inside of a 4 inch sewer pipe, which is what the articles above claim is where the micro nuclear weapon was placed. There are many problems with this theory..
Here is the official account and bomb making materials itemized for the Bali bombing attack. If a person researches on the net, certainly the items combined in a car bomb could generate this kind of blast.. Certainly people can be vaporized/burned in a fuel air bomb explosion that generates temperatures above 3,000 degree Fahrenheit and the fire that comes after that, burning everything and everyone just like a crematorium would function.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Bali_bombings
A fuel-air explosive can have the effect of a tactical nuclear weapon without residual radiation.2
The blast wave destroys reinforced buildings and equipment and kills and injures people. The antipersonnel effect of the blast wave is more severe in foxholes and tunnels, and in enclosed spaces, such as bunkers and caves.
According to a U.S. Central Intelligence Agency study,[15] "the effect of an FAE explosion within confined spaces is immense. Those near the ignition point are obliterated.
According to a U.S. Central Intelligence Agency study,[15] "the effect of an FAE explosion within confined spaces is immense. Those near the ignition point are obliterated.
Another claim is made that a car bomb cannot create a crater and that it takes a nuclear device to create a crater. Well, the evidence suggests otherwise. In the Oklahoma City bombing, a huge crater was generated by the truck bomb there.
One third of the building was destroyed by the explosion,[64] which created a 30-foot-wide (9.1 m), 8-foot-deep (2.4 m) crater on NW 5th Street next to the building.[65]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oklahoma_City_bombing
Another problem is that there was no radiation after these supposed micro nuke explosions. Even with a radiation free neutron bomb, you get SOME radiation and it is detectable after the explosion. A normal nuclear weapon, even a plutonium atomic bomb will generate radiation and the neutron radiation will embed itself in a blast pattern thus creating radioactive materials, which can be measured. There is no way to create an atomic bomb, set it off, and then leave absolutely ZERO radiation.
Even if all of the radiation is alpha radiation, one can easily detect this with a simple pancake style detector, which anyone can buy. For proof of this, measure the radiation on a simple Americium containing smoke detector. Despite it emitting only alpha radiation, that radiation can be measured and detected by a simple radiation detector.
Ionizing Smoke Detectors Containing Radioactive Americium 241 Are Deadly Dangerous!
http://www.agreenroadjournal.com/2014/02/how-dangerous-are-smoke-detectors.html
Even if all of the radiation is alpha radiation, one can easily detect this with a simple pancake style detector, which anyone can buy. For proof of this, measure the radiation on a simple Americium containing smoke detector. Despite it emitting only alpha radiation, that radiation can be measured and detected by a simple radiation detector.
Ionizing Smoke Detectors Containing Radioactive Americium 241 Are Deadly Dangerous!
http://www.agreenroadjournal.com/2014/02/how-dangerous-are-smoke-detectors.html
There are no pictures or videos of mushroom cloud nor are there any pixelations in any photos of the actual explosion. If it was a DU type of weapon, there are no pictures of sparklers or pixelations on a digital camera, which is a specific signature of an atomic bomb, or DU weapon. Again there is the issue of missing radiation.
The smallest critical mass for plutonium and with a goal of creating a mini nuclear bomb is way beyond what can fit inside of a 4 inch sewer pipe, especially when one adds the ignitor, reflector, gun, electronics, fuse, etc.
The smallest critical mass for plutonium and with a goal of creating a mini nuclear bomb is way beyond what can fit inside of a 4 inch sewer pipe, especially when one adds the ignitor, reflector, gun, electronics, fuse, etc.
THE SMALLEST NUCLEAR WEAPON FITS IN A FOOTLOCKER OR A SUITCASE, NOT A 4 INCH SEWER PIPE
Of all the common nuclear fuels, Pu-239 has the smallest critical mass. A spherical untamped critical mass is about 11 kg (24.2 lbs),[2] 10.2 cm (4") in diameter. Using appropriate triggers, neutron reflectors, implosion geometry and tampers, this critical mass can be reduced by more than twofold. This optimization usually requires a large nuclear development organization supported by a sovereign nation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plutonium-239
The lightest nuclear warhead ever acknowledged to have been manufactured by the U.S. is the W54, which was used in both the Davy Crockett 120 mm recoilless rifle-launched warhead and the backpack-carried version called the Mk-54 SADM (Special Atomic Demolition Munition). The bare warhead package was an 11 in by 16 in (28 cm by 41 cm) cylinder that weighed 51 lbs (23 kg). It was, however, small enough to fit in a footlocker-sized container.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suitcase_nuclear_device
A footlocker size is about as small as a micro nuke gets, and that will not fit into a 4 inch sewer pipe.
Also, if somehow, a person could fit a nuke into a sewer pipe, it would completely block it, and cause a backup.. Combining water and plutonium is also not a good idea, as plutonium may catch on fire spontaneously, and that is not a good thing. So the weapon would have to be placed and blown, all in a matter of seconds or minutes. Someone would notice workmen messing with a sewer pipe right before any nuclear explosion.
How would the nuke go around bends and corners that are the rule with sewer pipes, in order to be placed right in front of the Bali nightclub?
The whole thing is just a little too far out there and the pieces of a nuclear mini nuclear weapon theory just do not fit together.
Now the nuclear device explosion in Yemen; that one is REAL, due to EVIDENCE AND DATA, which cannot be explained away. But that explosion was not a miniature one; it was MASSIVE....
http://www.agreenroadjournal.com/2015/05/former-iaea-inspector-and-nuclear.html
There is a certain critical mass that you just cannot get below, in order to get an atomic explosion. And to light plutonium off, you need a neutron reflector and/or a 'gun' and that all adds weight, etc.
If you combine water and plutonium powder, you will get spontaneous combustion, but not a nuclear explosion.
For a full discussion of what it takes to get an atomic bomb to explode, and not create a radioactive fire or a fizzle, see
http://www.thenakedscientists.com/forum/index.php?topic=39669.0
AGR is still calling the micro nuclear video and Bali micro nuke story a bogus theory, with no basis in scientific fact, evidence or real world data.
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Plutonium - Several Compounds Of This Toxic, Radioactive Heavy Metal Are Pyrophoric And Burn When Exposed To Air; Was A Plutonium Micro Nuclear Bomb Used In Allepo And Bali In 2002?
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Index, Table Of Contents
A Green Road Project - Science Of Sustainable Health Open Source Commons Knowledge Database
- Click in search box in upper right corner and type in search term to find any related article(s)
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