(cache)Ṣanʿāʾ Palimpsest Variants

Variant #1 — Verse: 2:196

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Complete the Hajj and ʿUmrah for Allah…"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Complete the Hajj and ʿUmrah for the House…"

Uthmānic: وَأَتِمُّوا الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلَّهِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: وَأَتِمُّوا الْحَجَّ وَالْعُمْرَةَ لِلْبَيْتِ

Difference:

Lexical substitution: "لِلَّهِ" (for Allah) → "لِلْبَيْتِ" (for the House/Kaaba).

lexical

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Islamic Awareness; Wikipedia

Variant #2 — Verse: 2:191

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And kill them wherever you overtake them and expel them from wherever they have expelled you, and fitnah is worse than killing."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"And slay them wherever you find them and drive them out from wherever they drove you out, for persecution is more severe than slaughter."

Difference:

Orthographic/morphological variants: different spelling of "fitnah" and inflectional variants in verbs.

orthographiclexical

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Déroche 2014

Variant #3 — Verse: 2:275

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Those who consume interest cannot stand [on the Day of Resurrection] except as one stands who is being beaten by Satan into insanity."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Those who consume interest cannot stand [on the Day of Resurrection]."

Difference:

Omission of "إِلَّا كَمَا يَقُومُ الَّذِي يَتَخَبَّطُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ مِنَ الْمَسِّ" (except as one stands who is being beaten by Satan into insanity).

omissionsyntactic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; van Putten 2024

Variant #4 — Verse: 9:37

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"…they increase in disbelief…" (yazdādūna kufran)

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"…it increases them in disbelief…" (yazīduhum kufran)

Difference:

Grammatical subject change: active "يَزْدَادُوا كُفْرًا" (they increase in disbelief) vs. causative "يَزِيدُهُمْ كُفْرًا" (it increases them in disbelief).

syntactic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Islamic Awareness

Variant #5 — Verse: 9:85

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And do not let their wealth and their children impress you. Allah only intends to punish them through them in worldly life and that their souls should depart [at death] while they are disbelievers."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

[Verse entirely absent from lower text]

Difference:

Complete verse omission — possibly due to parablepsis (scribal eye-skip).

omission

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Déroche 2014

Variant #6 — Verse: 12:23

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And she, in whose house he was, sought to seduce him…"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"And she sought to seduce him…"

Difference:

Omission of relative clause "الَّتِي هُوَ فِي بَيْتِهَا" (in whose house he was).

omissionsyntactic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Wikipedia

Variant #7 — Verse: 20:31-32

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

Verse 31: "Strengthen me through him" / Verse 32: "And make him my partner in my task"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

[Verses appear in swapped order: 32 then 31]

Difference:

Internal verse sequence variation within the sura.

sequence

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Cellard 2021; Wikipedia

Variant #8 — Verse: 63:9

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"O you who believe, let not your wealth and your children divert you from the remembrance of Allah."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"O you who believe, let not your wealth divert you from the remembrance of Allah."

Difference:

Omission of "وَأَوْلَادُكُمْ" (and your children) — parallels Ibn Masʿūd codex tradition.

omission

Codex Parallel: Ibn Masʿūd

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; van Putten 2024; Wikipedia

Variant #9 — Verse: 19:7

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"O Zechariah, indeed We give you good tidings of a boy whose name will be John. We have not assigned to any before [this] name."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"O Zechariah, indeed We give you good tidings of a boy whose name will be John. We have not made before him anyone with this name."

Difference:

Syntactic reordering while preserving core meaning.

syntactic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Islamic Awareness

Variant #10 — Verse: 2:106

Medium ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"We do not abrogate a verse or cause it to be forgotten except that We bring forth [one] better than it or similar to it."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"We do not cancel a sign or cause it to be forgotten, but We bring a better one or its like."

Difference:

Morphological variants in theologically significant terminology about abrogation.

lexicalsyntactic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; WikiIslam

Variant #11 — Verse: 5:119

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"This is a Day the truthful will profit from their truth."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"This is the Day that the truthful will profit from their truth."

Difference:

Minor grammatical particle insertion ("anna" - that) for syntactic clarity.

lexicaladdition

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Islamic Awareness

Variant #12 — Verse: 18:23-24

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And never say of anything, 'Indeed, I will do that tomorrow,' except [when adding], 'If Allah wills.'"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"And never say of anything, 'I will do that tomorrow,' except you say, 'If Allah wills.'"

Difference:

Syntactic variance in conditional construction — stylistic difference.

syntactic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; van Putten 2024

Variant #13 — Verse: 17:106

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And [it is] a Qur'an which We have separated [by intervals] that you might recite it to the people over a prolonged period."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"And a Qur'an which We have distinctly parted that you might recite it to the people over a span of time."

Difference:

Lexical variants in description of Quranic revelation methodology.

lexical

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; van Putten 2024

Variant #14 — Verse: 4:24

Medium ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And [also forbidden are] married women except those your right hands possess."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"And [also forbidden are] married women except those your right hands possess. (with early spelling)"

Uthmānic: وَالْمُحْصَنَاتُ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ

Ṣanʿāʾ: والمحصنت من النسا الا ما ملکت ايمنکم

Difference:

Spelling differences in legal terminology without semantic change.

orthographic

Sources: Bible-Quran.com; Cellard 2021

Variant #15 — Verse: 33:6

Low ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"The Prophet is closer to the believers than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"The Prophet is closer to the believers than their own selves, and his wives are their mothers, and he is their father."

Uthmānic: النَّبِيُّ أَوْلَىٰ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ ۖ وَأَزْوَاجُهُ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ

Ṣanʿāʾ: النَّبِيُّ أَوْلَىٰ بِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِهِمْ ۖ وَأَزْوَاجُهُ أُمَّهَاتُهُمْ وَهُوَ أَبُوهُمْ

Difference:

Reconstructed addition of "وَهُوَ أَبُوهُمْ" (and he is their father). This reading is heavily disputed.

lexicalsyntacticaddition

Codex Parallel: Ubayy ibn Kaʿb

Sources: Various scholars; Ehrman 2024 (critique)

Variant #16 — Verse: 21:4

Low ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Say, [O Muhammad], 'My Lord knows whatever is said...'"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"He said, 'My Lord knows whatever is said...'"

Uthmānic: قُلْ رَبِّي يَعْلَمُ الْقَوْلَ

Ṣanʿāʾ: قَالَ رَبِّي يَعْلَمُ الْقَوْلَ

Difference:

Lexical variant: imperative "قُلْ" (Say) is replaced by declarative "قَالَ" (He said).

orthographiclexical

Codex Parallel: Ibn Masʿūd, Ubayy ibn Kaʿb

Sources: Hilali (via Déroche); Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012

Variant #17 — Verse: 37:19

Medium ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And when they see it, they will say, 'O woe to us! This is the Day of Recompense.'"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"And when they see it, they will exclaim, 'O woe to us! This is the Day of Recompense.'"

Difference:

Stylistic lexical variant in speech verb.

lexical

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Déroche 2014

Variant #18 — Verse: 12:45

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"But the one who was saved and remembered after a time said…"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"But the one who was saved after a time said…"

Difference:

Omission of conjunctive phrase "وَادَّكَرَ" (and remembered).

omission

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; van Putten 2024

Variant #19 — Verse: 7:157

Low ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Those who follow the Messenger, the unlettered prophet..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

[Heavily damaged folio. Traces suggest possible lexical variants but no confident reconstruction.]

Difference:

The folio is too damaged for a reliable reconstruction.

lexicaldamage

Sources: Cellard 2021; Islamic Awareness

Variant #20 — Verse: 15:9

Uncertain ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Indeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an and indeed, We will be its guardian."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Indeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an and indeed, We will be its guardian. (early orthography)"

Uthmānic: إِنَّا نَحْنُ نَزَّلْنَا الذِّكْرَ وَإِنَّا لَهُ لَحَافِظُونَ

Ṣanʿāʾ: انا نحن نزلنا الذكر وانا له لحفظون

Difference:

Orthographic omissions reflecting early Arabic script conventions.

orthographicomission

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Déroche 2014

Variant #21 — Verse: Sura ordering

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

Standard sura sequence (modern mushaf order).

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

Different sura arrangement with non-standard sequences.

Difference:

Codicological variation in manuscript organization.

sequence

Sources: Cellard 2021; Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; van Putten 2024

Variant #22 — Verse: Orthographic patterns

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"That is the Book, wherein is no doubt..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"That is the Book, wherein is no doubt... (written as 'ktb')"

Uthmānic: ذَٰلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ ۛ فِيهِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: ذلك الكتب لا ريب فيه

Difference:

Pervasive orthographic variations reflecting early Arabic script development.

orthographic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Déroche 2014; Cellard 2021

Variant #23 — Verse: Particle usage

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...then he said..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...and he said..."

Uthmānic: ثُمَّ قَالَ

Ṣanʿāʾ: وَقَالَ

Difference:

Minor grammatical particles affecting textual flow.

omissionlexicaladdition

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Bible-Quran.com

Variant #24 — Verse: 9:73

Medium ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"O Prophet, strive against the disbelievers and the hypocrites and be harsh upon them."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"O Prophet, contend with the disbelievers and the hypocrites and be firm against them."

Difference:

Syntactic/lexical variants in exhortation phrasing.

syntacticlexical

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Déroche 2014

Variant #25 — Verse: 19:5

Medium ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And indeed, I fear the successors after me, and my wife has been barren."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"And I fear my kinsmen after me, while my wife is barren."

Difference:

Minor syntactic variance reflecting scribal preferences.

syntactic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Cellard 2021

Variant #26 — Verse: Damaged sections

Low ▼

Uthmānic Text:

Complete readable text.

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

[Multiple folios show palimpsest erasure with traces only]

Difference:

Lacunae requiring reconstruction.

damage

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Cellard 2021; Ehrman 2024

Variant #27 — Verse: 37:22

Low ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"[The angels will be ordered], 'Gather those who wronged and their kinds...'"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"[The angels will be ordered], 'Assemble the unjust and their companions...'"

Difference:

Damage-induced lacuna with cautious scholarly reconstruction.

damagelexical

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Cellard 2021

Variant #28 — Verse: 11:105

Medium ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"The Day it comes, no soul will speak except by His permission."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"The Day it comes, no soul will speak except by His permission. (Hijazi spelling)"

Uthmānic: يَوْمَ يَأْتِ لَا تَكَلَّمُ نَفْسٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِهِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: يوم ياتي لا تكلم نفس الا باذنه

Difference:

Orthographic variants reflecting early Hijazi spelling conventions.

orthographic

Sources: Sadeghi & Goudarzi 2012; Cellard 2021

Variant #29 — Verse: Regional tradition

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

Represents Uthmanic standardization.

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

[Independent textual tradition that developed in parallel to Uthman.]

Difference:

Independent textual tradition — not scribal errors but legitimate early variants.

lexicalsyntacticsequence

Sources: van Putten 2024; Sidky 2020

Variant #30 — Verse: Verse markers

Low ▼

Uthmānic Text:

Standard verse division markers.

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

[Different system to mark the end of verses.]

Difference:

Variant verse division system.

orthographic

Sources: Hilali (via Déroche); JSTOR studies

Variant #31 — Verse: 2:87

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...and We sent after him..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...and We sent in his footsteps..."

Uthmānic: وَقَفَّيْنَا مِن بَعْدِهِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: وَقَفَّيْنَا عَلَىٰ آثَارِهِ

Difference:

Lexical substitution: "مِن بَعْدِهِ" → "عَلَىٰ آثَارِهِ".

lexical

Sources: User provided

Variant #32 — Verse: 9:74

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Allah will punish them with a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Allah will punish them with a painful punishment in this world"

Uthmānic: يُعَذِّبْهُمُ اللَّهُ عَذَابًا أَلِيمًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: يعذبهم الله عذابا أليما في الدنيا

Difference:

Omission of "وَالْآخِرَةِ" (and the Hereafter).

omission

Sources: User provided

Variant #33 — Verse: 2:196

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Do not shave your heads until the offering reaches its destination"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Do not shave until the offering reaches its destination"

Uthmānic: وَلَا تَحْلِقُوا رُءُوسَكُمْ حَتَّىٰ يَبْلُغَ الْهَدْيُ مَحِلَّهُ

Ṣanʿāʾ: ولا تحلقوا حتى يبلغ الهدي محله

Difference:

Omission of "رُءُوسَكُمْ" (your heads).

omission

Sources: User provided

Variant #34 — Verse: 2:196

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"If any of you be sick..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Should one of you be sick..."

Uthmānic: فَمَن كَانَ مِنكُم مَّرِيضًا

Ṣanʿāʾ: فَإِن كَانَ أَحَدٌ مِنكُم مَّرِيضًا

Difference:

Lexical/grammatical substitution.

lexicalsyntactic

Sources: User provided

Variant #35 — Verse: 2:196

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...fasting, or alms, or an offering"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...fasting or an offering"

Uthmānic: فَفِدْيَةٌ مِّن صِيَامٍ أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ أَوْ نُسُكٍ

Ṣanʿāʾ: ففدية من صيام أو نسك

Difference:

Omission of "أَوْ صَدَقَةٍ" (or alms).

omission

Sources: User provided

Variant #36 — Verse: 2:201

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...good in this world and good in the Hereafter..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...good in this world and the Hereafter..."

Uthmānic: آتِنَا فِي الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً وَفِي الْآخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً

Ṣanʿāʾ: آتنا في الدنيا حسنة وفي الاخرة

Difference:

Major omission and structural change.

omissionsyntactic

Sources: User provided

Variant #37 — Verse: 63:7

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"They are the ones who say: 'Do not spend on those who are with the Messenger of God until they disband'"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"They are the ones who say: 'Do not spend on those who are with the Messenger of God until they disband from around him'"

Uthmānic: هُمُ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لَا تُنفِقُوا عَلَىٰ مَنْ عِندَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَتَّىٰ يَنفَضُّوا

Ṣanʿāʾ: هم الذين يقولون لا تنفقوا على من عند رسول الله حتى ينفضوا من حوله

Difference:

Lexical addition: "مِنْ حَوْلِهِ" (from around him) added.

lexicalsyntacticaddition

Sources: User provided

Variant #38 — Verse: 2:96

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...on the life..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...on a life..."

Difference:

Orthographic/lexical variant (definite vs. indefinite).

orthographiclexical

Sources: User provided

Variant #39 — Verse: 2:96

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...to move it away..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...to move it away... (variant form)"

Uthmānic: بِمُزَحْزِحِهِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: بِمُنْزِحِهِ

Difference:

Lexical substitution.

lexical

Sources: User provided

Variant #40 — Verse: 2:98

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Michael (Mīkā'īl)"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Michael (Mīkāla)"

Difference:

Orthographic variant of the name Michael.

orthographic

Sources: User provided

Variant #41 — Verse: 2:105

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...and not the polytheists (nominative)"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...and not the polytheists (accusative/genitive)"

Difference:

Grammatical case ending variant.

orthographicsyntactic

Sources: User provided

Variant #42 — Verse: 2:217

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...about fighting in it"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...fighting in it"

Uthmānic: عَن قِتَالٍ فِيهِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: قتال فيه

Difference:

Omission of the particle "عَنْ" (about).

omission

Sources: User provided

Variant #43 — Verse: 2:222

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...until they have purified themselves."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...until they have purified themselves. (variant forms)"

Uthmānic: حَتَّىٰ يَطْهُرْنَ

Ṣanʿāʾ: حتى يتطهرن

Difference:

Major structural deviations and variant forms.

syntacticomissionlexicalorthographic

Sources: User provided

Variant #44 — Verse: 5:45

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"And We ordained for them therein a life for a life..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"And We ordained for them a life for a life..."

Uthmānic: وَكَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهَا أَنَّ النَّفْسَ بِالنَّفْسِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: وكتبنا عليهم أن النفس بالنفس

Difference:

Omission of 'فِيهَا' (therein).

lexicalomission

Sources: User provided

Variant #45 — Verse: 5:48

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...a law (shirʽatan)..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...a law (sharīʽaton)..."

Uthmānic: شِرْعَةً

Ṣanʿāʾ: شَرِيعَةً

Difference:

Orthographic/lexical variant.

orthographiclexical

Sources: User provided

Variant #46 — Verse: 5:54

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...humble toward the believers, mighty against the disbelievers..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...humble toward the believers, harsh against the disbelievers..."

Uthmānic: أَذِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَعِزَّةٍ عَلَى الْكَافِرِينَ

Ṣanʿāʾ: أذلة على المؤمنين غلاظا على الكافرين

Difference:

Lexical substitution: 'أَعِزَّةٍ' (mighty) → 'غِلاظًا' (harsh).

lexical

Sources: User provided

Variant #47 — Verse: 5:44

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which was guidance and light."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Indeed, We sent down the Torah, in which was light and guidance."

Uthmānic: إِنَّا أَنزَلْنَا التَّوْرَاةَ فِيهَا هُدًى وَنُورٌ

Ṣanʿāʾ: انا انزلنا التوراة فيها نور وهدى

Difference:

Switched order of "guidance" and "light".

lexicalomissionsyntacticaddition

Sources: User provided

Variant #48 — Verse: 9:18

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"...and establish prayer and give zakat"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"...and do Jihad in the way of Allah"

Uthmānic: وَأَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ وَآتَى الزَّكَاةَ

Ṣanʿāʾ: وجاهد في سبيل الله

Difference:

Lexical substitution with different religious obligation.

lexical

Sources: User provided

Variant #49 — Verse: 19:4

High ▼

Uthmānic Text:

"He said, 'My Lord, indeed my bones have weakened, and my head has flared up with white heat.'"

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"He said, 'My Lord, my head has flared up with white heat.'"

Uthmānic: قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّي وَهَنَ الْعَظْمُ مِنِّي وَاشْتَعَلَ الرَّأْسُ شَيْبًا

Ṣanʿāʾ: قال رب اشتعل الرأس شيبا

Difference:

Omission of the phrase "إِنِّي وَهَنَ الْعَظْمُ مِنِّي" (indeed my bones have weakened).

omissionaddition

Sources: User provided

Variant #50 — Verse: 63:3

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Uthmānic Text:

"That is because they believed, and then they disbelieved; so a seal was set upon their hearts..."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"That is because they are a nation that believed, and then they increased in their disbelief..."

Uthmānic: ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا ثُمَّ كَفَرُوا فَطُبِعَ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ

Ṣanʿāʾ: ذلك بأنهم قوم آمنوا ثم ازدادوا كفرا فطبع على قلوبهم

Difference:

Additions of "قَوْمٌ" (a nation) and "ازْدَادُوا كُفْرًا" (they increased in their disbelief).

addition

Sources: User provided

Variant #51 — Verse: 9:9

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Uthmānic Text:

"They have exchanged the signs of Allah for a small price and have averted [people] from His way."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"They have exchanged the verses of Allah and their oaths for a small price and have averted [people] from the way of Allah."

Uthmānic: اشْتَرَوْا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا فَصَدُّوا عَن سَبِيلِهِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: اشتروا بآيات الله وأيمانهم ثمنا قليلا فصدوا عن سبيل الله

Difference:

Lexical substitution and addition of "and their oaths".

lexicaladdition

Sources: User provided

Variant #52 — Verse: 9:80

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Uthmānic Text:

"That is because they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger. And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

"Allah will not forgive them. And Allah does not guide the defiantly disobedient people."

Uthmānic: ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ۗ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الْفَاسِقِينَ

Ṣanʿāʾ: فلن يغفر الله لهم والله لا يهدي القوم الفاسقين

Difference:

Major lexical and structural changes.

lexicalsyntactic

Sources: User provided

Variant #53 — Verse: Basmala 8-9

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Uthmānic Text:

"In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful."

Ṣanʿāʾ Text:

[Basmala is absent]

Uthmānic: بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

Ṣanʿāʾ: [omitted]

Difference:

Omission of Basmala between Surahs 8 and 9.

omissionorthographic

Sources: User provided