When he heard that Kiwi Farms had been knocked offline, “Clay,” a member of the anonymous online forum, was flooded with relief. “I thought to myself, ‘This hell on Earth has finally been vanquished.’”

Founded in 2013, Kiwi Farms has been used to organize vicious harassment and stalking campaigns against targets including Clara Sorrenti, a transgender activist known as Keffals, and Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene (Ga.), a far-right Republican. It went down exactly one year ago, after Cloudflare, a major tech security firm, stopped providing services, saying contributors to the forum were posting the home addresses of those seen as enemies and calling for them to be shot.