Xi the Destroyer

The Latest Military Purge Signals China’s Leader Is Entering a New Era

February 2, 2026
Chinese President Xi Jinping at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, December 2025
Chinese President Xi Jinping at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing, December 2025 Sarah Meyssonnier / Reuters

JONATHAN A. CZIN is Michael H. Armacost Chair in Foreign Policy Studies and a Fellow in the John L. Thornton China Center at the Brookings Institution. He was Director for China at the National Security Council from 2021 to 2023 and a member of the Senior Analytic Service at the CIA.

JOHN CULVER is a Nonresident Senior Fellow in the John L. Thornton China Center at the Brookings Institution. He served for 35 years as a CIA officer, including as National Intelligence Officer for East Asia from 2015 to 2018.

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The January 24 purge of Zhang Youxia, China’s top general, was a Shakespearean moment in Chinese politics. Even after a decade of high drama in the People’s Liberation Army, the decision by Chinese leader Xi Jinping to remove Zhang from the PLA’s top governing body, the Central Military Commission (CMC), suggests a new level of intrigue. Xi and Zhang have known each other for decades: Xi’s father and Zhang’s father were comrades-in-arms during China’s ferocious civil war, and Zhang was widely seen as Xi’s closest ally in the army’s high command. As recently

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