Lede image of Jeffrey Epstein wearing glasses overlaid with an image of a Kindle reading device, book covers of books he ordered from Amazon and some text from his book order emails.

Epstein’s Library

The disgraced financier purchased books about making money, treating narcissism, negotiating with anyone, achieving ecstasy and understanding life

By Surya MattuChristopher CannonMax AbelsonJeff KaoJason LeopoldHarry WilsonAva Benny-MorrisonDhruv Mehrotra
Photo illustration: 731; Photo: Elder Ordonez/SplashNews

In October 2016, when a new book about Jeffrey Epstein came out, he bought 17 copies. A few months after that, he picked up six books about narcissism.

And in 2019, in Epstein’s last weeks of freedom, he made his final purchases for his Kindle: a guide to raising children, though he wasn’t known to have any, The Annotated Lolita and Nietzsche’s The Birth of Tragedy.

Epstein has been one of the most scrutinized figures in contemporary America, and his crimes among the more notorious. Just this week, a congressional committee released a trove of documents from Epstein’s estate, which shows him saying President Donald Trump “knew about the girls”—a claim Trump has repeatedly denied—and hobnobbing with powerful figures from politics, academia and the media. Even so, much about Epstein’s life and success remains an enigma.

But a separate cache of more than 18,000 emails obtained by Bloomberg News offers another window into the mind of a sex offender who federal officials say harmed as many as 1,000 people.

Epstein, a university dropout, was an avid reader with eclectic tastes—or at least a voracious purchaser of books, according to receipts from Amazon that were sent to his private Yahoo account. The purchases don’t reveal all. He may have given some books to others, and anyone who’s ever bought a book knows it doesn’t necessarily get read. But they illuminate some of what interested him: genes, Vatican conspiracy, Woody Allen, negotiation, Trump, high modernism, middlebrow erotica and why we love the people who hurt us.

This timeline examines the books Epstein bought in the final decade of his life. It begins in September 2007, around the time he signed his notorious non-prosecution agreement—an arrangement that closed a federal investigation in exchange for his guilty plea to state charges in Florida—and ends in 2019, just weeks before his death in a jail cell in New York.

2007

September

The first book receipts in Epstein’s inbox are about math, a subject he taught in a New York prep school before his Wall Street career.

Cover of Conversations with a Mathematician Cover of Exploring Randomness
October–December

Epstein ordered books on wisdom, suffering and spiritual healing.

Cover of Passion: An Essay on Personality Cover of Time and Chance Cover of Seven Pillars of Wisdom Cover of The End of Suffering: Fearless Living in Troubled Times... or, How to Get Out of Hell Free Cover of Miracles of Mind: Exploring Nonlocal Consciousness and Spiritual Healing Cover of The Jesus Dynasty: The Hidden History of Jesus, His Royal Family, and the Birth of Christianity Cover of Chakra And Kundalini Workbook
December 24

On Christmas Eve, while Epstein’s team was trying to change the terms of his agreement with prosecutors, he ordered esoteric guides to tantric sex and erotic spirituality.

Cover of Secrets of Western Tantra Cover of Modern Sex Magick: Secrets of Erotic Spirituality Cover of Ecstasy Through Tantra

2008

June 30

Epstein pleaded guilty as planned and began serving a sentence in Palm Beach County, Florida.

A few weeks later, he had a request for one of his assistants:

J. Epstein <jeeproject@yahoo.com>
[REDACTED] <[REDACTED]@yahoo.com>
Mon, Jul 14 2008 11:03 AM
Re:
please re order , the yoga book and order nabokov soft cover novels. i love you and miss you

2009

July

Epstein was released from custody to one year of home detention. He registered as a sex offender with the Florida authorities.

There’s a notable gap in activity between July 2008 and October 2013. The inbox was one of multiple email accounts Epstein used for different purposes. There are indications that many of the emails in this one were deleted. Read more about how Bloomberg News vetted Epstein’s emails.

2013

October–November

After the lull, Epstein bought two books about wealth—a guide to managing it and an obscure biography of a member of one of the world’s richest families.

Cover of Baron Edmond Rothschild: The Story of a Practical Idealist Cover of Family Wealth Management: Seven Imperatives for Successful Investing in the New World Order

2014

April 24

Epstein bought two novels about a lecherous globetrotter named Harry Flashman.

Cover of Flashman: A Novel Cover of Flash for Freedom!

O.R.G.Y.

Epstein ordered different installments in a series called The Man From O.R.G.Y., a pulpy thriller spoof that follows a sex researcher who’s also a spy. A year later, Epstein bought more. (The series helped inspire him to become rich, a friend once told Mother Jones.)

April 24, 2014
Cover of The Tight End
April 30, 2014
Cover of The Man From O.R.G.Y.
June 11, 2015
Cover of The Man From O.R.G.Y. Thy Neighbor’s Orgy
June 11, 2015
Cover of Around the World is not a Trip

June 12, 2015
Cover of Room At the Topless
June 12, 2015
Cover of Dr. Nyet: The Man From O.R.G.Y. Again
June–July

Epstein picked a history of money and a guide to male fitness.

Cover of Money: The Unauthorized Biography Cover of The Complete Book of Pilates for Men: The Lifetime Plan for Strength, Power & Peak Performance
September 9

Epstein bought this novel about a socially awkward genetics professor looking for love. Two months earlier, Bill Gates published a blog post calling it one of the most profound novels he’d read in a long time.

Cover of The Rosie Project: A Novel
October 14

Epstein’s next book purchase claims to scientifically prove that the dead are resurrected.

Cover of The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God and the Resurrection of the Dead
October 17

Epstein ordered six copies of a book explaining how to cater to billionaires.

Cover of The Celebrity Assistant’s Handbook: How To Successfully Work With Celebrities, Billionaires, And The Top One Percent
December

At auction, biologist James Watson sold his Nobel Prize medal—awarded for his work discovering DNA’s structure—for more than $4 million to a Russian billionaire. Epstein ordered one of Watson’s memoirs that day, and another the next.

Cover of Genes, Girls, and Gamow: After the Double Helix Cover of Avoid Boring People: Lessons from a Life in Science

2015

February–December

Epstein’s new purchases included books on Vatican secrets and Norman Mailer on feminism.

Cover of Diversity and Complexity Cover of Between two stools: Scatology and its representations in English literature, Chaucer to Swift Cover of The Prisoner of Sex Cover of Merchants in the Temple: Inside Pope Francis’s Secret Battle Against Corruption in the Vatican Cover of The Vatican Exposed: Money, Murder, and the Mafia Cover of Just Money: How Society Can Break the Despotic Power of Finance Cover of Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality Cover of Tropic of Cancer Cover of Why Lyrics Last Cover of The Virgin in the Garden: A Novel Cover of Through the Dark Labyrinth: A Biography of Lawrence Durrell Cover of Madame 121997
December 27

Epstein ordered and, after a delay, was sent a short-story collection by literary critic Edmund Wilson. It had been banned in New York for obscenity, which the Supreme Court upheld in 1948, though Wilson’s book was later revised and reprinted.

Cover of Memoirs of Hecate County, A New, Revised Edition

2016

January

In the weeks before Epstein turned 63, he bought books by and about Woody Allen. The filmmaker was among the friends and neighbors who penned birthday tributes to Epstein that year, according to the New York Times. Allen’s letter compared Epstein’s mansion to Dracula’s castle, with “three young female vampires who service the place.” This year, the Sunday Times quoted Allen saying Epstein had told him he’d been “falsely put in jail in some way” and had been “trying to make up for it now by being philanthropic.”

Cover of The Unruly Life of Woody Allen Cover of Woody: The Biography Cover of Woody Allen on Woody Allen Cover of Without Feathers Cover of The Insanity Defense: The Complete Prose
April–May

Epstein’s new books ranged from a stoic guide to life to Don DeLillo’s novel about a billionaire chasing immortality and the work of philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein.

Cover of The Negotiator: A Memoir Cover of Zero K Cover of Underworld: A Novel Cover of Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus Cover of Wittgenstein: Philosophy in an Hour Cover of A Macat analysis of Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations Cover of Diagrams & Dollars: Modern Money Illustrated Cover of Emotion and Meaning in Music Cover of The Wisdom of Life Cover of The Art of Living Cover of Inside, Outside: A Novel Cover of Nemesis
May 3

Virginia Giuffre sat for a deposition in her defamation lawsuit against Ghislaine Maxwell, Epstein’s former girlfriend and a close partner for years. Giuffre, who accused Epstein of sexually abusing her when she was a teenager, died this year.

May 7

In the months before Epstein’s jail sentence, he had fielded advice from Howard Gardner, an influential psychologist at Harvard who helped start an initiative on living ethically. Years later, Epstein bought Gardner’s book about four geniuses and “our own extraordinariness.”

Cover of Extraordinary Minds: Portraits Of 4 Exceptional Individuals And An Examination Of Our Own Extraordinariness
June–October

Epstein bought a neuroscientist’s essay on dishonesty, a psychologist’s books on good decisions and gut feelings, a “sensual memoir” and three works by Tom Wolfe.

Cover of Scoring: A Sexual Memoir Cover of Lying Cover of Risk Savvy: How to Make Good Decisions Cover of Gut Feelings: The Intelligence of the Unconscious Cover of Better Doctors, Better Patients, Better Decisions: Envisioning Health Care 2020 Cover of Adaptive Thinking: Rationality in the Real World Cover of Shtick Shift: Jewish Humor in the 21st Century Cover of The Kingdom of Speech Cover of From Bauhaus to Our House Cover of The Bonfire of the Vanities: A Novel Cover of How to Get Out of this World Alive: The Ultimate Self-Empowerment Handbook

Filthy Rich

As the thriller writer James Patterson’s new book about Epstein hit shelves, its subject placed four orders: he bought one copy, then six more, followed by nine others and one more.

Oct. 2016
Cover of Filthy Rich: A Powerful Billionaire, the Sex Scandal that Undid Him, and All the Justice that Money Can Buy - The Shocking True Story of Jeffrey Epstein
November 30

Epstein bought a book by a pair of political scientists who argue that “bad behavior is almost always good politics.”

Cover of The Dictator’s Handbook: Why Bad Behavior is Almost Always Good Politics

2017

Narcissism

As Donald Trump’s inauguration weekend was getting underway in Washington, Epstein bought a series of books about narcissism—its treatment, conditions and codependency. A few days later, he added another on the same subject that promises to “relieve hidden anxieties.”

Jan. 19, 2017
Cover of Malignant Self-love: Narcissism Revisited
Jan. 19, 2017
Cover of The Analysis of the Self: A Systematic Approach to the Psychoanalytic Treatment of Narcissistic Personality Disorders
Jan. 19, 2017
Cover of Borderline Conditions and Pathological Narcissism
Jan. 19, 2017
Cover of How Does Analysis Cure?

Jan. 19, 2017
Cover of The Human Magnet Syndrome: Why We Love People Who Hurt Us
Jan. 25, 2017
Cover of Narcissism: Denial of the True Self
January

Epstein’s new purchases included a novelist’s memoir and two books about swearing.

Cover of Now and Then: From Coney Island to Here Cover of What the F: What Swearing Reveals About Our Language, Our Brains, and Ourselves Cover of In Praise of Profanity
February–December

Epstein bought more books on sex, money, evolution, medicine and the mind.

Cover of Confessions of a Raving, Unconfined Nut: Misadventures in the Counterculture Cover of Pot Stories for the Soul Cover of Taoist Foreplay: Love Meridians and Pressure Points Cover of Ambani & Sons Cover of Storms in the Sea Wind: Ambani vs Ambani Cover of Dhirubhai Ambani: A Complete Biography Cover of Stock Investing For Dummies Cover of From Bacteria to Bach and Back: The Evolution of Minds Cover of Evolve Your Brain: The Science of Changing Your Mind Cover of The Arabian Nights Cover of Nobody Likes a Cockblock Cover of Principles of Evolutionary Medicine Cover of Why We Get Sick: The New Science of Darwinian Medicine Cover of Evolution and Medicine Cover of Accessing the Healing Power of the Vagus Nerve: Self-Help Exercises for Anxiety, Depression, Trauma, and Autism Cover of The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind Cover of Nothing Is True and Everything Is Possible: The Surreal Heart of the New Russia Cover of Probably Approximately Correct: Nature’s Algorithms for Learning and Prospering in a Complex World

2018

White-Collar Crime

Epstein’s purchases of books about white-collar crime spanned years. He picked two books about the offshore tax files known as the Panama Papers and biographies of executives who were accused of fraud, in addition to an argument that the Justice Department doesn’t prosecute enough of them.

Oct. 21, 2014
Cover of The Ultimate Ponzi: The Scott Rothstein Story
July 6, 2017
Cover of The Chickenshit Club: Why the Justice Department Fails to Prosecute Executives
Aug. 11, 2017
Cover of The King of Oil: The Secret Lives of Marc Rich
Nov. 15, 2017
Cover of Brutal Takeover: The story behind the seizure of the global Stanford Financial Group and criminal prosecution of billionaire R. Allen Stanford
Sept. 16, 2018
Cover of The Panama Papers: Breaking the Story of How the Rich and Powerful Hide Their Money

Sept. 16, 2018
Cover of Lucifer’s Banker: The Untold Story of How I Destroyed Swiss Bank Secrecy
Jan. 15, 2019
Cover of Secrecy World: Inside the Panama Papers Investigation of Illicit Money Networks and the Global Elite
March 5

Epstein picked books from a communications strategist, one about great minds who “follow their inner voice” and the other advertised as “a persuasion manual for visionaries.”

Cover of The Voice Code: Master Your Inner Game Cover of Igniting Inspiration: A Persuasion Manual for Visionaries
April

The Miami Herald asked a court to unseal documents related to Epstein. Its work has been credited with rekindling public interest in his crimes and career.

May

Epstein’s next binge included a book applying economics and psychology to “help you negotiate anything,” guides to Bitcoin, Ethereum and the blockchain, Charles Murray on White Americans and pairs of books about plants and spies.

Cover of Medici Money: Banking, metaphysics and art in fifteenth-century Florence Cover of Coming Apart: The State of White America, 1960-2010 Cover of Bitcoin For Dummies Cover of Ethereum: The Ultimate Guide to the World of Ethereum Cover of Getting (More of) What You Want: How the Secrets of Economics and Psychology Can Help You Negotiate Anything, in Business and in Life Cover of Blockchain Technology Explained: The Ultimate Beginner’s Guide About Blockchain Wallet, Mining, Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Zcash, Monero, Ripple, Dash, IOTA and Smart Contracts Cover of The Order of Time Cover of Brilliant Green: The Surprising History and Science of Plant Intelligence Cover of Rhythms in Plants: Dynamic Responses in a Dynamic Environment Cover of House of Spies: A Novel Cover of A Legacy of Spies: A Novel Cover of Natural Causes: An Epidemic of Wellness, the Certainty of Dying, and Killing Ourselves to Live Longer
June–August

Epstein returned to some of the same subjects time and again: corruption, self-help and botany.

Cover of I Don’t Want to Talk About It: Overcoming the Secret Legacy of Male Depression Cover of Secret Empires: How the American Political Class Hides Corruption and Enriches Family and Friends Cover of The Revolutionary Genius of Plants: A New Understanding of Plant Intelligence and Behavior

Trump

In one of the first magazine profiles about Epstein, published in 2002, Donald Trump was quoted saying he had known the “terrific guy” for 15 years, he was “a lot of fun” and liked beautiful women “on the younger side.” Not long after, Trump has said, they had a falling out. Later, after Trump won the White House, Epstein bought a series of books about him. Epstein was forwarded a note calling one of them, Michael Wolff’s Fire and Fury, “a very nice book,” according to the emails released this week by Congress. Wolff had sent Epstein public-relations advice about Trump, those emails show: “I think you should let him hang himself.”

Jan. 4, 2018
Cover of Fire and Fury: Inside the Trump White House
Aug. 14, 2018
Cover of Unhinged: An Insider’s Account of the Trump White House
Aug. 22, 2018
Cover of House of Trump, House of Putin: The Untold Story of Donald Trump and the Russian Mafia
Sept. 4, 2018
Cover of Fear: Trump in the White House
Feb. 8, 2019
Cover of The Threat: How the FBI Protects America in the Age of Terror and Trump

March 12, 2019
Cover of Kushner, Inc.: Greed. Ambition. Corruption. The Extraordinary Story of Jared Kushner and Ivanka Trump
April 19, 2019
Cover of Devil’s Bargain: Steve Bannon, Donald Trump, and the Nationalist Uprising
September–November

Epstein bought a two-part biography of Frank Sinatra and books on his go-to subjects—money, math and minds. And a memoir written by one of his lawyers was shipped.

Cover of Frank: The Voice Cover of Sinatra: The Chairman Cover of Contempt: A Memoir of the Clinton Investigation Cover of Ramanujan’s Lost Notebook: Part I Cover of The Internet of Money Cover of What a Plant Knows: A Field Guide to the Senses Cover of The Political Mind: A Cognitive Scientist’s Guide to Your Brain and Its Politics Cover of What is Life?: How Chemistry Becomes Biology Cover of The Coming of the Terror in the French Revolution Cover of Churchill: Walking with Destiny
November 8

On a single day, Epstein went on a Kindle binge, buying enough classic literature to last years. He picked the collected Shakespeare and Wilde, the complete novels of Dickens, all of Hemingway’s short stories and Naipaul’s collected short fiction, among others. Three weeks later, the Miami Herald began publishing its series on Epstein, “Perversion of Justice.”

Cover of Finnegans Wake Cover of James Joyce: The Ultimate Collection Cover of The Collected Works of George Bernard Shaw: Plays, Novels, Articles, Letters and Essays Cover of Oscar Wilde: The Complete Collection Cover of The Complete Works of William Shakespeare Cover of Charles Dickens: The Complete Novels Cover of Mark Twain: The Complete Works Cover of The Complete Short Stories Of Ernest Hemingway Cover of Collected Short Fiction of V. S. Naipaul Cover of As I Lay Dying
December 2018–January 2019

These books show the idiosyncrasy of his interests: a work promising to answer “the enduring questions of life,” a sweeping biography of the Nazi leader, a “secret history of Israel’s targeted assassinations” and a guide to “negotiating as if your life depended on it.”

Cover of Direct Truth: Uncompromising, non-prescriptive Truths to the enduring questions of life Cover of Adolf Hitler: The Definitive Biography Cover of Rise and Kill First: The Secret History of Israel’s Targeted Assassinations Cover of Never Split the Difference: Negotiating As If Your Life Depended On It

2019

January–April

Almost a decade had gone by since Epstein served about 13 months in jail. Now federal investigators were once again looking at him. The books Epstein bought were about the themes that had attracted his attention for years—psychology, philosophy, the Vatican—as well as a guide to writing jokes.

Cover of Incerto 4-Book Bundle: Fooled by Randomness, The Black Swan, The Bed of Procrustes, Antifragile Cover of Mycelium Running: How Mushrooms Can Help Save the World Cover of We Are All Made of Molecules Cover of In the Closet of the Vatican: Power, Homosexuality, Hypocrisy Cover of John von Neumann: The Scientific Genius Who Pioneered the Modern Computer, Game Theory, Nuclear Deterrence, and Much More Cover of Euler’s Pioneering Equation: The most beautiful theorem in mathematics Cover of The Prince of Mathematics: Carl Friedrich Gauss Cover of सनातन - जो कभी नहीं मिटता : आधुनिक भ्रम और शाश्वत सत्य का विश्लेषण Cover of Proving Darwin: Making Biology Mathematical Cover of Leibniz: Philosophical Essays Cover of Discourse on Metaphysics and Other Essays: Discourse on Metaphysics; On the Ultimate Origination of Things; Preface to the New Essays; The Monadology Cover of The End Of Science: Facing The Limits Of Knowledge In The Twilight Of The Scientific Age Cover of The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory Cover of Spinoza: Theological-Political Treatise Cover of The Serious Guide to Joke Writing: How To Say Something Funny About Anything

Nabokov

Epstein told one writer he kept copies of Nabokov’s Lolita, the masterpiece about an obsession with a 12-year-old girl, by his bed and on his plane. In late May 2019—43 days before his arrest—he ordered it again.

Dec. 22, 2015
Cover of Stalking Nabokov
Dec. 22, 2015
Cover of The World of Nabokov’s Stories
July 15, 2018
Cover of Insomniac Dreams: Experiments with Time by Vladimir Nabokov
July 15, 2018
Cover of Lectures on Literature
Oct. 29, 2018
Cover of A Russian beauty and other stories
Oct. 29, 2018
Cover of Tyrants Destroyed and Other...
Oct. 29, 2018
Cover of Details of a Sunset And...
Oct. 29, 2018
Cover of Tyrants Destroyed and Other Stories
May 24, 2019
Cover of The Annotated Lolita: Revised and Updated
May 11

According to the receipts in his inbox, his final book purchases also included a guide to successful parenting. (Epstein has no known children, though he and Maxwell had discussed fertility procedures.)

Cover of The Formula: Unlocking the Secrets to Raising Highly Successful Children
May 26

His last pick, just weeks before his arrest, was a work by the philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche about pessimism and tragedy.

Cover of The Birth of Tragedy: Out of the Spirit of Music

On July 6, 2019, Epstein traveled by jet to Teterboro Airport in New Jersey, where he was arrested. He was then charged with sex trafficking minors. On Aug. 10, in his jail cell in New York City, he was found dead.