Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰeh₁bʰ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʰebʰ-

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*gʰeh₁bʰ- or *ǵʰeh₁bʰ-^[1]^[2]

to grab, take

Reconstruction notes

The surface ablaut a ~ ē is somewhat unusual, but Italo-Celtic *a can result from “syllabic” *H̥, thus *h₁ ~ *eh₁ appears to be the best match. The instances of full-grade ē may be analogical, however, so the laryngeal cannot be reconstructed with certainty.^[2] Zero grades shown below use *h̥₁, but note that the existence of syllabic laryngeals in synchronic PIE is disputed.

See *gʰebʰ-, which is often taken to be the same root, for more possible descendants; see Schrijver's arguments for a rejection of this.^[1]

Alternative reconstructions

*gʰabʰ-^[3]
*gʰeHb⁽ʰ⁾-^[4]^[5]

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰeh₁bʰ- (21 c)

*gʰéh₁bʰ-t ~ *gʰh̥₁bʰ-ént (root athematic aorist)
- Proto-Italic: *hēpai
  - Oscan: hipid (3.sg.perf.subj.), hipust (3.sg.fut.perf.)
    - ⇒ Oscan: pruhipid (3.sg.perf.subj.), pruhipust (“to prevent”, 3.sg.fut.perf.)

*gʰh̥₁bʰ-éh₁ye-ti (eh₁(ye)-stative)
- Proto-Italic: *haβēō or *habēō
*gʰh̥₁bʰ-yé-ti (ye-present)
- Proto-Celtic: *gabyeti (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Italic: *haβjō or *habjō
*gʰoh₁bʰ-eh₂ye-ti
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gāˀbāˀtei
  - Proto-Slavic: *gabati (see there for further descendants)

*gʰh̥₁bʰ-leh₂
- Proto-Celtic: *gablā (“fork”) (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^{Jump up to: 1.0} ^1.1 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, § 1.4.1.1. Material, pages 92–93, s.v. “habēre”
↑ ^{Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “habeō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 277–278
^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ghabh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 407–409
^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*⁽g̑⁾ʰeHb-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 195–196
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*gab-yo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 148–149

[RPIELL-1] {Jump up to: 1.0} ^1.1 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, § 1.4.1.1. Material, pages 92–93, s.v. “habēre”

[EDL-2] {Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “habeō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 277–278

[IEW-3] Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ghabh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 407–409

[LIV-4] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “?*⁽g̑⁾ʰeHb-¹”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 195–196

[EDPC-5] Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*gab-yo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 148–149

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]