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Docker, Kubernetes, and Helm — Intuitively and Exhaustively Explained

An in-depth guide to the technologies powering modern application infrastructure

71 min readDec 11, 2025

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“Helmsman” by Daniel Warfield using Midjourney. All images by the author unless otherwise specified. This article is made available thanks to the generous support of IAEE subscribers. To support the creation of future work, consider becoming a paid subscriber of Intuitively and Exhaustively Explained.

In this article, we’ll explore how sophisticated backend environments for complex applications can be efficiently managed and scaled using Docker, Kubernetes, and Helm.

From the highest level, Docker allows you to package your code into something called a “container”, a fully self-contained and portable unit of software that can be duplicated and run pretty much anywhere. Kubernetes allows you to manage how these containers are applied to resources at scale, coordinating them into complex, interrelated applications. Helm adds an additional layer of abstraction on top of Kubernetes by bundling these interconnected components into reusable, shareable packages called charts, making it far easier to develop and re-use complete systems.

When used together, these three technologies transform backend infrastructure into a modular system of building blocks that you can mix, match, scale, and rearrange with remarkable flexibility. This power of abstraction is why virtually every major organization uses the three technologies to manage their backend infrastructure.

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Daniel Warfield

Written by Daniel Warfield

Data scientist and educator, teaching machine learning Intuitively and Exhaustively:https://iaee.substack.com/ Contact: https://danielwarfield.dev/

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