BS 5896 - 2012

raising standards worldwide

™

NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW

BSI Standards Publication

BS 5896:2012

High tensile steel wire andstrand for the prestressingof concrete – Specification

Li c e n s ed c o p y : W S P M a n a g e m e n t S e r vi c e s , 31/01/2014 , U n c o n t r oll ed C o p y , © B S I

Download to read ad-free

Publishing and copyright information

The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas last issued.© The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 74461 7ICS 77.140.15; 91.080.40The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference ISE/104Draft for comment 11/30241968 DC

Publication history

First published April 1980Second (present) edition, May 2012

Amendments issued since publication

Date Text affected

BS 5896:2012 BRITISH STANDARD


Unlock this document
Upload a document to download this document or subscribe to read and download.
or
Unlock the next 20 pages after an ad
BS 5896-Strand 2012-High Tensile Steel Wire and Strand For The Prestressing of Concrete - Specification
From Scribd30 pages2.0K views
BS 5896-Strand 2012-High Tensile Steel Wire and Strand For The Prestressing of Concrete - Specification
100% (2)


Contents

Foreword

ii

1

Scope

1

2

Normative references

1

3

Terms and definitions

1

4

Symbols

3

5

Classification and designation

4

6

Information to be obtained by the manufacturer

5

7

Requirements

5

8

Evaluation of conformity

7

9

Test methods

11

10

Delivery conditions

12

11

Wire requirements

13

12

Strand requirements

17

Annexes

Annex A (normative) Product families

22

Bibliography

23

List of figures

Figure 1 – Evaluation of tests results and a unit of inspection testing route

10

Figure 2 – Indentation type T1

14

Figure 3 – Indentation type T2

14

List of tables

Table 1 – Symbols and corresponding designations

4

Table 2 – Force ranges for various types of prestressing steels in the axial loadfatigue test

7

Table 3 – Definition of unit of manufacture, unit of product and unit ofinspection

8

Table 4 – Minimum frequency of sampling and testing for factory productioncontrol of wire

9

Table 5 – Minimum frequency of sampling and testing for factory productioncontrol of strand

9

Table 6 – Coefficient

k

as a function of a number (

n

) of the test results for areliable failure rate of 5% (

p

= 0.95) at a probability of 95%

11

Table 7 – Specified indentation dimensions for indent type T1 (also known astriple indent)

14

Table 8 – Specified indentation dimensions for indent type T2 (also known asBelgian indent)

14

Table 9 – Dimensions and properties of wires

16

Table 10 – Additional test requirements; prestressing wire only

17

Table 11 – Specified indentation

18

Table 12 – 7-wire strand – Dimensions and properties

20

Table 13 – Additional requirements for prestressing strand

21

Table A.1 – Product families

22

Summary of pages

This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii,pages 1 to 24, an inside back cover and a back cover.

BRITISH STANDARD BS 5896:2012

© The British Standards Institution 2012

•

i


or
BS 1052 Mild Steel For General Engineering PDF
From Scribd11 pages4.1K views
BS 1052 Mild Steel For General Engineering PDF
80% (5)


Foreword

Publishing information

This British Standard is published by BSI Standards Limited, under licence from The British Standards Institution, and came into effect on 31 May 2012. It was prepared by Technical Committee ISE/104,

Concrete reinforcing and prestressing steels

. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.

Supersession

This British Standard supersedes BS 5896:1980, which is withdrawn.

Relationship with other publications

This standard has been revised to follow BS EN 10138-1 (in preparation). Definitions, symbols, steelmaking and manufacturing processes, routine inspection and testing, test methods, identification of the manufacturer and technical class and verification of mechanical properties in the case of dispute may be taken from BS EN 10138-1, when published.

CEN Derogation from standstill

The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) have granted derogation from standstill to permit BSI to publish this British Standard as a UK national standard. This derogation is to enable the continued production of steel products for the prestressing of concrete, incorporating the latest products on the UK market, and for reasons of product safety and has been granted until publication of the BS EN 10138 series.

Presentational conventions

The provisions of this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its requirements are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “shall”.

Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.

Contractual and legal considerations

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legalobligations.

BRITISH STANDARDBS 5896:2012

ii

•




1 Scope

This British Standard specifies general requirements for uncoated high tensilestrength steel products, which are used widely for the prestressing of concreteand are also used for other tensile applications in the construction field. Thestandard applies only to products as supplied by the producer.

2 Normative references

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thisdocument and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, onlythe edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of thereferenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS EN 10020,

Definition and classification of grades of steel

BS EN 10027-1,

Designation systems for steels – Part 1: Steel names

BS EN 10027-2,

Designation systems for steels – Part 2: Steel numbers

BS EN ISO 15630-3,

Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of concrete – Test methods – Part 3: Prestressing steel

BS EN ISO 16120-1,

Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire – Part 1:General requirements

BS EN ISO 16120-4,

Non-alloy steel wire rod for conversion to wire – Part 4:Specific requirements for wire rods for special applications

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this British Standard, the following terms and definitionsapply.

3.1

product type

specific delivery form of prestressing steel

NOTE See Table A.1.

3.2

wire rod

hot rolled steel delivered in coils, used for cold working treatments such as wiredrawing

3.3

wire

product manufactured by cold working wire rod that is in a suitablemetallurgical condition for cold working and which is given a finalthermo-mechanical treatment

NOTE The surface of the wire is plain or indented. It may be covered by a residueof drawing lubricant. The wire is wound into large diameter coils (see

10.3

) or delivered in bundles of cut lengths.

3.4

strand

product consisting of a number of cold drawn wires spun together in the samedirection and with the same lay length that is given a final thermo-mechanicaltreatment and is then wound into large diameter coils (see

10.3

)

NOTE The common types of strands are as follows:a) 7-wire strand: a straight core wire around which are spun six wires in one layer;b) 7-wire compacted strand: 7-wire strand that has been drawn through a die, or compressed by other means, before the final thermo-mechanical treatment;



•

1



c) 7-wire indented strand: strand produced from indented wires. The central wireof 7-wire indented strand may be plain with no indentations.

3.5

unit of manufacture

quantity of product of the same nominal diameter, surface configuration andtechnical class (strength class) that is manufactured according to specifiedmanufacturing conditions

NOTE The physical limits on the unit of manufacture depend on each product type, see

8.2.2.1

.

3.6

unit of product

quantity of product coming from a subdivision of a unit of manufacture,generally in the form as delivered to a customer

NOTE The physical limits on the unit of product depend on each product type, see

8.2.2.1

.

3.7

unit of inspection

quantity of product coming from a unit of manufacture and presented at anyone time for examination and release purposes

NOTE The physical limits on the unit of inspection depend on each product type, see

8.2.2.1

.

3.8

consignment (delivery batch)

total amount of the product in the same delivery to a customer, which mayconsist of products coming from several units of manufacture

3.9

characteristic value

value having a prescribed probability of not being attained in a hypotheticalunlimited test series

NOTE In the context of this British Standard the characteristic value is (unlessotherwise indicated) the lower limit of the statistical tolerance interval at whichthere is a 95% probability (1 −

α

= 0.95) that 95% (p = 0.95) of the values are at or above this lower limit. This definition refers to the long-term quality level of production.

3.10

inspection

conformity evaluation by observation and judgement accompanied asappropriate by measurement, testing or gauging

3.11

product family

group of products of the same type and same technical class (strength class) (seeAnnex A)

NOTE Their surface configuration may vary, e.g. plain or indented.

3.12

factory production control

permanent internal production control exercised by the manufacturer

3.13

standard properties

properties prescribed in this British Standard as part of the factory productioncontrol requirements for every unit of inspection

3.14

special properties

properties prescribed in this British Standard that are not determined as part ofthe factory production control requirements for every unit of inspection

3.15

maximum value

value which no test result shall exceed


2

•




3.16

minimum value

value below which no test result shall fall

3.17

production or manufacturing site

site at which the product is produced

3.18

testing laboratory

laboratory carrying out the various tests required to evaluate the products

NOTE It may be located at the manufacturer’s production area, located on themanufacturer’s site or located remote to the manufacturer’s site independent to themanufacturer.

3.19

heat of steel

quantity of steel corresponding to the same single melting operation identifiedby a single number so designated by the steel manufacturer(s)

3.20

median

average value of the third and fourth test result from the ordered series ofresults of six corrosion tests

3.21

threshold level

quantitative expression of the behaviour of a construction product, for an actionto which it is subject or which it generates under the intended use conditions

3.22

threshold value

quantitative expression of the limiting value of a construction product, for anaction to which it is subject or which it generates under the intended useconditions

3.23

indentation length

length of individual indentations measured in the direction of the wire axis

3.24

indentation depth

maximum depth of individual indentations measured radially from wire surface

3.25

indentation spacing

distance between the centre of two successive indentations measured (or taken)in the direction of the wire axis (see Figure 2 and Figure 3)

3.26

average diameter

average of the diameters measured in two perpendicular directions, one ofwhich is the maximum diameter found by inspection

3.27

ovality

difference between maximum and minimum diameters

4 Symbols

The symbols used in this British Standard and the corresponding designationsare given in Table 1.



•

3



Table 1

Symbols and corresponding designationsSymbol Unit Designation

a

mm Depth of the indentations

A

gt

% Specified minimum value of percentage total elongation at maximum force

c

mm Indentation spacing

C

v

kN Specified characteristic value for maximum force or 0.1% proof force

d

mm Nominal diameter of the product

d

sw

mm Nominal diameter of a constitutive wire of a strand

D

% Maximum permitted value of the average coefficient of reduction of themaximum force in the deflected tensile test

D

i

mm Minimum internal diameter of a coil of wire or strand

E

GPa Modulus of elasticity

f

Hz Frequency of load cycles in the axial load fatigue test

F

m

kN Specified characteristic value of maximum force

F

m

,

max

kN Specified maximum value of maximum force

F

p0.1

kN Specified characteristic value of 0.1% proof force

F

ma

kN Actual maximum force, in the tensile test, determined on a test piece adjacent tothe test piece submitted to special property test

F

up

kN Upper force in the axial load fatigue test

F

r

kN Force range in the axial load fatigue test

l

mm Length of indentation

k

— Coefficient function of the number of test results

L

0

mm Original gauge length of the extensometer for the determination of

A

gt

m

g Mass of the test piece

M

g/m Nominal mass per metre of the product

m

r

kN Average value of the test results for maximum force or 0.1% proof force

n

— Number of test results for maximum force or 0.1% proof force

r

mm Mandrel radii for bend test machine

R

m

MPa Nominal tensile strength

s

kN Estimated standard deviation of the test results for maximum force or 0.1% proofforce

S

n

mm

2

Nominal cross-sectional area of the product

α

— Statistically reliable failure rate

σ

— Force ratio, i.e. the ratio of the actual maximum force divided by the actual 0.1%proof force, as determined in the tensile test

NOTE 1 MPa = 1 N/mm²

5 Classification and designation

5.1

Classification

All steels covered by this British Standard shall be classified as special steelsaccording to BS EN 10020.

5.2

Designation

The products covered by this British Standard shall be designated as given in thisspecification.


4

•



or


6 Information to be obtained by the manufacturer

The following information shall be obtained by the manufacturer at the time ofenquiry and order:

•

designation of the product in accordance with

5.2

;

•

the packaging and protection requirements and in the case of productssupplied in bundles, the maximum mass of the individual bundle;

•

the requirements concerning information to accompany the delivery (e.g.delivery note, type of inspection document [see BS EN 10204], copies offorce/extension diagrams);

•

special requirements for labeling;

•

strand lay direction;

•

nominal depth of indentations for indented wire.

7 Requirements

7.1

General

7.1.1

Steel making processes

The steel may be made by any process, except that air or mixed air-oxygenbottom blown processes shall not be used.

7.1.2

Primary incoming materials

The primary products (billets, wire rod) shall be manufactured according to

7.1.1

and associated processes which will ensure products fully conform torequirements. The wire rod shall conform to BS EN ISO 16120-1 andBS EN ISO 16120-4.

7.1.3

Freedom from defects

The finished product shall be free from any defects likely to impair itsperformance.Products with rusted steel shall not be supplied unless the rust is a thin film. Theunderlying steel surface shall appear to be smooth to the unaided eye.

7.1.4

Welds

Wire shall contain no welds in the product as supplied by the manufacturer.Strands with normal production lengths may contain welds made in theindividual wires before cold drawing, but shall not contain any welds madeduring or after cold drawing. Not more than one weld in any component wireshall be permitted in any 50 m of strand.

7.2

Standard properties

7.2.1

Geometrical properties

The geometrical properties shall be defined by a nominal diameter (

d

), anominal cross-sectional area (

S

n

) and a nominal mass per metre (

M

). In addition,for indented wire, geometrical properties shall be defined by the nominaldimensions of indentations and for strands, geometrical properties shall bedefined by the lay length.The requirements for the surface configuration of the product and the productstraightness shall be as given in Clause

11

and Clause

12

.



•

5


or


7.2.2

Mechanical properties

NOTE These requirements apply to both strand and wire.

7.2.2.1

The standard mechanical properties are:

•

the maximum force;

•

the 0.1% proof force;

•

the total percentage elongation at maximum force;

•

the ductility properties appropriate to the product type (i.e. percentagereduction of area and resistance to reverse bending);

•

the force ratio.

7.2.2.2

The specified values of the standard mechanical properties for technical(strength) classes shall be as specified in this standard. Tensile properties shall berecorded as force in force units. Where stress is used for designation purposes,calculation of stress shall be based on the nominal cross-sectional area of theproduct.

7.2.2.3

The specified maximum force is the specified characteristic value ofmaximum force (

F

m

).

7.2.2.4

The maximum value of maximum force (

F

m,max

) shall not be greater than1.15 times the specified maximum force (

F

m

) for wire and strands.

7.2.2.5

The specified proof force value is the specified characteristic 0.1% proofforce (

F

p0.1

).

7.2.2.6

The specified minimum value of percentage total elongation at maximumforce (

A

gt

) shall not be lower than 3.5%.

7.2.2.7

The pre-stressing steel shall be proved to have suitable ductility by meansof the test(s) applicable to the specific product type. These tests shall be:a) for wires, the reverse bend test and examination of the constriction atbreak, see Table 9 and Table 10;

NOTE When bend testing type T2 indented wire it is a mandatory requirement that the wire is inserted in the machine such that the indents are 90º to thebending plane.

b) for strand, the examination of the constriction at break, see Table 13.

7.3

Special properties

7.3.1

General

The special properties of prestressing steels are:

•

mandatory: isothermal relaxation and stress corrosion resistance.

•

optional: fatigue behaviour and deflected tensile test for plain strands12.5 mm

≤

d

≤

15.7 mm nominal diameter.

7.3.2

Isothermal stress relaxation

The losses by relaxation of force shall be established at a nominal temperatureof 20 °C, for a period of 1 000 h from an initial force of 70% and 80% of theactual maximum force (

F

ma

), determined by a tensile test on an adjacent testpiece and shall be lower than or equal to the maximum value specified in thisstandard.


6

•



or


NOTE If verification of established values is required, tests of 120 h extrapolated to1 000 h may be accepted, provided that proof of a satisfactory correlation between1 000 h tests and extrapolation of 120 h tests can be demonstrated.

Two samples shall be taken and tested, from different units of manufacture, forevery size within a product family.All sizes produced shall be tested over a 5 year period.

7.3.3

Fatigue behaviour

Products shall withstand without failure two million force cycles underconditions of stable upper force (

F

up

) and frequency (

f

) where the stable upperforce is defined by 80% of the actual maximum force (

F

ma

) determined in atensile test on an adjacent test piece. The force range (

F

r

) shall be in accordancewith the values specified in Table 2.Two samples shall be taken and tested, from different units of manufacture, forevery size within a product family.All sizes produced shall be tested over a 5 year period.

7.3.4

Deflected tensile behaviour

The maximum permitted deflection percentage reduction value (

D

) for plainstrands with nominal diameter 12.5 mm

≤

d

≤

15.7 mm shall be in accordancewith the value specified in this standard.Tests shall be carried out on customer request.

7.3.5

Stress corrosion resistance

The minimum individual and median values of six life-time to failure tests shallbe determined using a solution of ammonium thiocyanate specified inBS EN ISO 15630-3. These values shall be in accordance with the values specifiedin this standard.All diameters produced within a product family shall be tested over a 5 yearperiod.Table 2

Force ranges for various types of prestressing steels in the axial load fatigue testProduct Force range

F

r

in newtons

Plain wire 200

S

n

Indented wire 180

S

n

Plain strand 200

S

n

Indented strand 180

S

n

8 Evaluation of conformity

8.1

General

The conformance of prestressing steel to the requirements of this BritishStandard shall be demonstrated by manufacturer’s inspection.

8.2

Manufacturer’s inspection

8.2.1

General

Prestressing steels according to this British Standard shall be produced under apermanent system of factory production control which shall ensure the samelevel of confidence in the conformity of the finished product, whatever themanufacturing process.



•

7


or


The system of factory production control shall include evaluation of the propertyrequirements given in

8.2.2

.

NOTE Manufacturers that have a factory production control system that meets therequirements of BS EN ISO 9001 and addresses the requirements of this BritishStandard are recognized as satisfying the factory production control requirements of this standard.

8.2.2

Sampling and testing

8.2.2.1

Unit of manufacture, unit of product, unit of inspection

NOTE Definitions are illustrated in Table 3.

8.2.2.1.1 Wire

The unit of manufacture is the wire product from a single rod coil.The unit of product is the coil of wire or bundle of lengths as delivered to thecustomer.

NOTE 1 The unit of product is either the unit of manufacture or a smaller coil cut from a unit of manufacture.

Cut lengths in a bundle shall be produced from the same steel heat.

NOTE 2 At the transition between two heats, one bundle may contain cut lengthsfrom these two heats.

The unit of inspection shall be composed of units of manufacture from the samesteel heat manufactured at any one time.

8.2.2.1.2 Strand

The unit of manufacture is the product of one set of coils of wire placed in thestranding machine.

NOTE Such a unit of manufacture is often designated as mother coil.

The unit of product is the coil of strand as delivered to the customer.The unit of inspection shall be composed of all units of product coming fromthe same unit of manufacture.Table 3

Definition of unit of manufacture, unit of product and unit of inspectionType of product Unit of manufacture Unit of product Unit of inspection

Wire Wire produced fromone coil of wire rodFor coils: the unit ofmanufacture or a smaller coilcut from a unit ofmanufacture.For cut lengths: a bundle fromthe same steel heatAll the units of productscoming from the sameheat of steelStrand A mother strand coil A coil cut from a single mothercoilAll the units of productscoming from the sameunit of manufacture

8.2.2.1.3 Frequency of sampling and inspection for factory production control

The finished product shall be sampled and tested at least in accordance withTable 4 and Table 5 for wire and strand respectively.


8

•




Table 4

Minimum frequency of sampling and testing for factory production control of wireProperty Frequency of sampling and testing

Maximum forceVisual inspection of tensile test fracture

A)

Diameter

B)

One test every unit of manufacture0.1% proof forceForce ratioTotal percentage elongation at maximum forceReverse bendingStraightnessIndentation depthMass per metre (for indented wire)

C)

One test every five units of manufacture

A)

In case of doubt about the type of rupture, the percentage of reduction in area shall be checked (see Table 10).

B)

Diameter checks on wire for indenting shall be checked prior to the indent rollers.

C)

Where the wire diameter on a plain round wire is ±0.01 times the nominal diameter and has an ovality

≤

0.05 mm, no checks by weighing are necessary. See

11.3.2.2

.

Table 5

Minimum frequency of sampling and testing for factory production control of strandProperty Frequency of sampling and testing

Maximum force0.1% proof forceForce ratioTotal percentage elongation at maximum forceStraightnessVisual inspection of tensile test fracture

A)

Indentation depth

B)

A test from the beginning and a test from theend of the unit of manufacture and one furthertest at an intermediate point if the number ofunits of product is greater than twoMass per metreLay lengthDiameter relationship core to outer wires (plain andindented 7-wire strands only)One test per unit of manufacture

A)

In case of doubt about the type of rupture, the percentage of reduction in area for individual wires shall bechecked (see Table 13).

B)

Indentation depth is measured on component wires prior to stranding.

8.2.2.2

Evaluation of test results of a unit of inspection

The unit of inspection shall be deemed to conform to the requirements of thisBritish Standard if all the results of tests are greater than or equal to thecharacteristic value for the mechanical properties, lower than the maximumvalue for maximum force and within the tolerances of the geometricalproperties. If these conditions are not met then the following procedure shallapply.a) When one or more results for maximum force and/or 0.1% proof force arebelow the corresponding characteristic value(s), all units not initially testedin the unit of inspection shall be tested. The mean value of all individualresults from the unit of inspection for either parameter shall be calculated.The unit of inspection shall be deemed to conform to this standard if themean values calculated are equal to or greater than the characteristic valueplus 1.64 times the standard deviation. See Figure 1.



•

9



b) When results for other properties specified by a minimum and or amaximum value do not conform to specifications then two additionalsamples shall be taken from the unit of product concerned by each failedresult and these shall be tested for the property concerned. If the twoadditional results conform to the specification then the unit of product shallbe deemed to conform to this standard.If one or more of these additional tests does not conform to the specifications,the unit of product concerned shall be rejected. In addition, all units of productfrom the last good result until the next good result shall be tested for thedefective properties.All units of product with non-conforming results shall be rejected and theproducer shall immediately take measures to determine the reason and rectifyany faults.Figure 1

Evaluation of tests results and a unit of inspection testing route

NOTE Figure 1 is based on the assumption that the distribution of a large number of results is normal. However,it is not a requirement of this standard that the distribution is normal.


10

•




8.2.2.3

Assessment of the long-term quality level

The results of tests on all units of inspection of the continuous production shallbe collated by product family and statistically evaluated for maximum force and0.1% proof force using data based on a 6 months operation (or a 12 monthsoperation if the production quantity is limited and the number of values isbelow 60).The following requirement shall be satisfied for maximum force and 0.1% proofforce.

m

r

−

ks

≥

C

v

NOTE See Table 6 for coefficient k.

Table 6

Coefficient

k

as a function of a number (

n

) of the test results for a reliable failure rate of5% (

p

= 0.95) at a probability of 95%

n k n k

5 4.21 30 2.226 3.71 40 2.137 3.40 50 2.078 3.19 60 2.029 3.03 70 1.9910 2.91 80 1.9711 2.82 90 1.9412 2.74 100 1.9313 2.67 150 1.8714 2.61 200 1.8415 2.57 250 1.8116 2.52 300 1.8017 2.49 400 1.7818 2.45 500 1.7619 2.42 1000 1.7320 2.40

8.2.2.4

Evaluation, reporting and action

The results of the manufacturer’s long term quality level assessment shall beevaluated every six months.If the results show that the production does not conform to the requirements,appropriate corrective measures shall be taken. The measures will depend onthe type and significance of the deficiencies noted but shall include:a) intensification of supervision (increase the frequency of testing);b) suggestion to change the conditions of production.

9 Test methods

All test methods shall be in accordance with BS EN ISO 15630-3.



•

11



10 Delivery conditions

10.1

Identification

Each coil or bundle of wire or strand shall carry a label giving:

•

the designation of the product given in this standard;

•

the coil/strand number;

•

the manufacturer’s name and manufacturing site.

10.2

Delivery information

Each consignment shall be provided with information containing:

•

all the information necessary to identify the units of product within theconsignment;

•

all information previously agreed with the purchaser (see Clause

6

).

NOTE In the case of the force/extension diagram as every unit of product might not be tested, this diagram may be of the closest unit tested to the product unit concerned.

10.3

Dimensions of product

Where the product is supplied in coil form, the minimum internal diameter ofthe coil

D

i

shall be such that 90% of the 0.1% proof force is not exceeded.i.e. x 0.9 x 1 for wire

i np

Dd S E F

≥       −

0 1.

or x 0.9 x 1 for strand

iswnp

Dd S E F

≥       −

0 1.

NOTE For specific applications, coil diameters lower than D

i

may be agreed between the purchaser and supplier.

Where the product is supplied in straight lengths, the maximum mass of thebundle, as well as the nominal length and its tolerances, shall be agreed at thetime of ordering with the purchaser.

10.4

Packaging and handling

Where the product is supplied in a coil form then these coils shall be formed insuch a way that the material is held firmly by restraining bands or ties. In case ofreopening the coils, special caution shall be taken to contain the inherentenergy to avoid personal injuries.Where the product is supplied in straight lengths then the material shall be heldfirmly by retaining ties and supported to avoid any degradation of straightness.Packaging for all products shall be selected to ensure no damage or collapseoccurs during transportation.

NOTE Agreements between producers and purchasers at the time of order may bemade to define particular conditions of packaging consistent with the likely conditions to be encountered by the products before application (e.g. core, packing paper, paperboard, protection by water soluble oil film, etc.).


12

•




10.5

Transport and storage

Prestressing steels in transport and storage shall be protected against damageand contamination, particularly from substances or liquids which are likely toproduce or facilitate corrosion.

11 Wire requirements

11.1

Designation

11.1.1

The steel names shall be allocated in accordance with BS EN 10027-1; thesteel numbers shall be allocated in accordance with BS EN 10027-2.

11.1.2

The designation shall consist of:

•

the number of this standard;

•

the steel name consisting of:

•

the letter Y for prestressing steel;

•

the nominal tensile strength in MPa;

•

the letter C for cold drawn wire;

•

the nominal diameter of the wire in mm (see Table 9);

•

Type of indent (T1 or T2).

EXAMPLE BS 5896 Y 1770 C 5.0 T1Standard X Prestressing steel X Nominal tensile strength(MPa) X Cold drawn wire X Nominal diameter (mm) X Type of indent X i.e. BS5896 Y1770C-5.0 – T1

11.2

Manufacture of indented wire: type of indentation

For indented wire, the dimensions of the indentations shall be in accordancewith: Table 7 and Figure 2; Table 8 and Figure 3; or as agreed with the customer.For wire with indentations of Type T1 one line of indentations shall be at acontrary angle to the others.The nominal depth of indents shall be chosen within the limits given in Table 7and Table 8.



•

13



Table 7

Specified indentation dimensions for indent type T1 (also known as triple indent)

Dimensions in mm

Nominal wirediameterRange of nominal depths ofindentation,

a

Depthtolerance onchosennominal depthLength

l

Spacing

c

From To

≤

5.0 0.06 0.13 ±0.03 3.5 ±0.5 5.5 ±0.3>5.0 to

≤

7.0 0.09 0.16 ±0.04 5.0 ±0.3 8.0 ±0.3Figure 2

Indentation type T1

Table 8

Specified indentation dimensions for indent type T2 (also known as Belgian indent)

Dimensions in mm

NominalwirediameterRange of nominal depths ofindentation,

a

Depth tolerance onchosen nominaldepthLength

l

Spacing

c

from to5.0 0.06 0.16 ±0.04 5.0 ±1.0 8 to 187.0 0.06 0.16 ±0.04 5.4 ±1.0 10 to 20Figure 3

Indentation type T2

NOTE Indents on one side should be approximately midway between the wire indent positions diametrically opposite.

11.3

Requirements

11.3.1

General

The technical classes covered by BS 5896 shall possess nominal and specifiedproperties as specified in Table 9 and Table 10.


14

•




11.3.2

Geometrical properties

11.3.2.1

General

The nominal diameter

d

, the cross-sectional area

S

n

and the mass per metre

M

shall be as given in Table 9.

11.3.2.2

Plain round wire

Where the average measured diameter is no greater than 1% from the nominaldiameter and has an ovality

≤

0.05 mm, no checks by weighing shall be necessary.

11.3.2.3

Straightness

Straightness shall be determined in accordance with BS EN ISO 15630-3. Themaximum bow height from a base line 1 m in length, measured from the insideof the curve, shall be no greater than 25 mm for all wire diameters.

NOTE Alternative agreements on straightness including for cut lengths using themethod in BS EN ISO 15630-3 may be made between producer and purchaser at thetime of ordering.



•

15



T a b l e 9

D i m e n s i o n s a n d p r o p e r t i e s o f w i r e s S t e e l d e s i g n a t i o n N o m i n a l

A )

S p e c i f i e d

S t e e l n a m e S t e e l n u m b e r D i a m e t e r ,

d

C r o s s - s e c t i o n a l a r e a

B )

S

n

T e n s i l e s t r e n g t h ,

R

m

M a s s p e r m e t r e ,

B )

M

P e r m i t t e d d e v i a t i o n o n m a s s p e r m e t r e B e n d r a d i i f o r r e v e r s e b e n d t e s t

C )

C h a r a c t e r i s t i c v a l u e o f m a x i m u m f o r c e ,

F

m

M a x i m u m v a l u e o f m a x i m u m f o r c e ,

F

m

,

m a x

C h a r a c t e r i s t i c v a l u e o f 0 . 1 % p r o o f f o r c e ,

F

p 0 . 1 D )

m m m m

2

M P a g / m % m m k N k N k N Y 1 5 7 0 C 1 . 1 3 5 0 7 . 0 3 8 . 5 1 5 7 0 3 0 0 . 7 ± 2 2 0 6 0 . 4 6 9 . 5 5 3 . 2 Y 1 6 2 0 C 1 . 1 3 4 9 4 . 5 1 5 . 9 1 6 2 0 1 2 4 . 2 ± 2 1 5 2 5 . 8 2 9 . 7 2 2 . 7 Y 1 6 7 0 C 1 . 1 3 5 1 4 . 0 1 2 . 6 1 6 7 0 9 8 . 4 ± 2 1 0 2 1 . 0 2 4 . 2 1 8 . 5 5 . 0 1 9 . 6 1 5 3 . 1 1 5 3 2 . 7 3 7 . 6 2 8 . 8 6 . 0 2 8 . 3 2 2 1 . 0 1 5 4 7 . 3 5 4 . 4 4 1 . 6 7 . 0 3 8 . 5 3 0 0 . 7 2 0 6 4 . 3 7 3 . 9 5 6 . 6 Y 1 7 7 0 C 1 . 1 3 5 2 4 . 0 1 2 . 6 1 7 7 0 9 8 . 4 ± 2 1 0 2 2 . 3 2 5 . 6 1 9 . 6 5 . 0 1 9 . 6 1 5 3 . 1 1 5 3 4 . 7 3 9 . 9 3 0 . 5 6 . 0 2 8 . 3 2 2 1 . 0 1 5 5 0 . 1 5 7 . 6 4 4 . 1 Y 1 8 6 0 C 1 . 1 3 5 3 5 . 0 1 9 . 6 1 8 6 0 1 5 3 . 1 ± 2 1 5 3 6 . 5 4 2 . 0 3 2 . 5

A )

T h e m o d u l u s o f e l a s t i c i t y m a y b e t a k e n t o b e 2 0 5 G P a ( k N / m m

2

) .

B )

T h e n o m i n a l m a s s p e r m e t r e i s c a l c u l a t e d f r o m t h e c r o s s - s e c t i o n a l a r e a a n d a d e n s i t y o f 7 . 8 1 k g / d m ³ .

C )

S e e T a b l e 1 0 f o r b e n d l i m i t s .

D )

T h e s p e c i f i e d c h a r a c t e r i s t i c v a l u e o f t h e 0 . 1 % p r o o f f o r c e i s c a l c u l a t e d a s 8 8 % o f t h e s p e c i f i e d c h a r a c t e r i s t i c v a l u e o f t h e m a x i m u m f o r c e , e x c e p t Y 1 8 6 0 C w h i c h i s 8 9 % .


16

•




Table 10

Additional test requirements; prestressing wire onlyProperty Specification

Force ratio

σ

D

≥

4.0 mm 1.05 to 1.17Total minimum percentage elongation at maximumforce,

A

gt

, with

L

0

≥

100 mm3.5%Reduction in area at break Ductile break visible to the unaided eye

A)

Minimum number ofreverse bends– for plain wire– for indented wire43Maximum relaxation at1000 hFor initial forcecorrespondingto:70%

F

ma

80%

F

ma

2.5%4.5%Fatigue force range

F

r

with upper limit

F

up

equal to 80% actualmax. force (

F

ma

)– for plain wire

≥

200 MPa ×

S

n

for

≥

2 × 10

6

cycles– for indented wire

≥

180 MPa ×

S

n

for

≥

2 × 10

6

cyclesStress corrosionresistance at 80%actual max. force (

F

ma

)Minimum (h) Median (h)For plain and indented wire 2.0 5.0

A)

Ruptures in “arrow-head” are prohibited. In case of dispute, the percentage reduction of area shall bedetermined and the value shall be

≥

25% for plain wire and

≥

20% for indented wire.

12 Strand requirements

COMMENTARY ON CLAUSE

12

The following clause gives specific requirements for technical classes of high tensile steel wire strand, which has been given a stress relieving heat treatment and may bein the plain, indented or compacted condition, i.e.:

•

7-wire strand;

•

7-wire indented strand;

•

7-wire compacted strand.

12.1

Designation

12.1.1

For the steel grades covered by this standard, the steel names shall beallocated in accordance with BS EN 10027-1; the steel numbers shall be allocatedin accordance with BS EN 10027-2.

12.1.2

The designation shall consist of:

•

the number of this standard i.e. BS 5896;

•

the steel name consisting of:

•

the letter Y for prestressing steel;

•

the nominal tensile strength in MPa;

•

the letter S for strand;

•

the number 7 to indicate the number of wires in the strand;

•

where appropriate, the letter G to indicate compacted strand;

•

the nominal diameter of the strand in mm (see Table 14);

•

where necessary the letter I to indicate indented.



•

17



EXAMPLE BS 5896 Y 1860 S 7 15.7 I Specification number X Prestressing steel X Nominal tensile strength(MPa) X Strand X Number of wires X Nominal diameter (mm) X Indented X i.e. BS5896-Y1860S7-15.7-I

NOTE The steel number can be used instead of the steel name, i.e.BS 5896-1.1366-15.7-I.

12.2

Manufacture of strand; stranding process

12.2.1

7-wire strand

The strand shall include a straight central wire, called a core or king wire,around which are spun six wires in one layer. The outer wires shall be tightlyspun around the central wire with a lay length between 14 and 18 times thenominal strand diameter; the lay can be left or right handed (customer specific).The diameter of the central wire shall be at least 3.0% greater than thediameter of the outer helical wires.

12.2.2

Indented strand

Indentation of wires in a 7-wire strand shall be completed before stranding. Theouter wires shall be tightly spun around the central wire with a lay lengthbetween 14 and 18 times the nominal strand diameter; the lay can be left orright handed (customer specific). The diameter of the central wire shall be atleast 3.0% greater than the diameter of the outer helical wires.The dimensions of the indentation shall be in accordance with Table 11. Oneline of indentations shall be at a contrary angle to the others.

NOTE The centre wire of indented 7-wire strand is normally plain.

12.2.3

7-wire compacted strand

NOTE 7-wire compacted strand is seven-wire strand, which after stranding, hasbeen compacted by drawing or rolling before stress relief treatment.

The straight central wire shall be at least equal to the diameter of the outerhelical wires. The strand before compaction shall have a lay length of 14 to 18times the nominal strand diameter. The diameter of the central wire shall be atleast 3.0% greater than the diameter of the outer helical wires.Table 11

Specified indentation

Dimensions in mm

Nominal stranddiameterNominaldepthDepthtoleranceLength Spacing

d a

mm

l c

≤

12 0.06 ±0.03 3.5 ±0.5 5.5 ±0.5>12 0.07 ±0.03 3.5 ±0.5 5.5 ±0.5


18

•




12.3

Requirements

12.3.1

General

Nominal and specified properties shall be in accordance with Table 12 andTable 13.

12.3.2

Behaviour during cutting

When the finished strand is cut with a disc cutter, the individual wires eithershall not unravel or shall be capable of being repositioned without difficulty.

12.3.3

Straightness

Straightness shall be determined in accordance with BS EN ISO 15630-3. Themaximum bow height from a base line 1 m in length, measured from the insideof the curve, shall be not greater than 25 mm for all strand diameters.

NOTE Alternative agreements on straightness for cut lengths using the method inBS EN ISO 15630-3 may be made between producer and purchaser at the time of ordering.



•

19



T a b l e 1 2

7 - w i r e s t r a n d – D i m e n s i o n s a n d p r o p e r t i e s S t e e l d e s i g n a t i o n N o m i n a l

A )

S p e c i f i e d

S t e e l n a m e S t e e l n u m b e r D i a m e t e r ,

d

T e n s i l e s t r e n g t h ,

R

m

C r o s s - s e c t i o n a l a r e a ,

B )

S

n

M a s s p e r m e t r e ,

B )

M

P e r m i t t e d d e v i a t i o n o n m a s s p e r m e t r e C h a r a c t e r i s t i c v a l u e o f m a x i m u m f o r c e ,

F

m

M a x i m u m v a l u e o f m a x i m u m f o r c e ,

F

m , m a x

C h a r a c t e r i s t i c v a l u e o f 0 . 1 % p r o o f f o r c e ,

C )

F

p 0 . 1

m m M P a m m ² g / m % k N k N k N Y 1 6 7 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 4 1 5 . 2 1 6 7 0 1 3 9 1 0 8 6 ± 2 2 3 2 2 6 7 2 0 4 Y 1 7 0 0 S 7 G 1 . 1 3 7 0 1 8 . 0 1 7 0 0 2 2 3 1 7 4 2 ± 2 3 7 9 4 3 6 3 3 4 Y 1 7 7 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 5 9 . 3 1 7 7 0 5 2 . 0 4 0 6 . 1 ± 2 9 2 . 0 1 0 6 8 1 . 0 Y 1 7 7 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 5 1 1 . 0 1 7 7 0 7 0 . 0 5 4 6 . 7 ± 2 1 2 4 1 4 3 1 0 9 Y 1 7 7 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 5 1 2 . 5 1 7 7 0 9 3 . 0 7 2 6 . 3 ± 2 1 6 5 1 9 0 1 4 5 Y 1 7 7 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 5 1 5 . 7 1 7 7 0 1 5 0 1 1 7 2 ± 2 2 6 6 3 0 6 2 3 4 Y 1 8 2 0 S 7 G 1 . 1 3 7 1 1 5 . 2 1 8 2 0 1 6 5 1 2 8 9 ± 2 3 0 0 3 4 5 2 6 4 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 6 8 . 0 1 8 6 0 3 8 . 0 2 9 6 . 8 ± 2 7 0 . 7 8 1 . 3 6 2 . 2 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 6 9 . 3 1 8 6 0 5 2 . 0 4 0 6 . 1 ± 2 9 6 . 7 1 1 1 8 5 . 1 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 6 9 . 6 1 8 6 0 5 5 . 0 4 2 9 . 6 ± 2 1 0 2 1 1 7 8 9 . 8 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 6 1 1 . 3 1 8 6 0 7 5 . 0 5 8 5 . 8 ± 2 1 4 0 1 6 1 1 2 3 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 6 1 2 . 5 1 8 6 0 9 3 . 0 7 2 6 . 3 ± 2 1 7 3 1 9 9 1 5 2 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 6 1 2 . 9 1 8 6 0 1 0 0 7 8 1 . 0 ± 2 1 8 6 2 1 4 1 6 4 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 6 1 5 . 2 1 8 6 0 1 3 9 1 0 8 6 ± 2 2 5 9 2 9 8 2 2 8 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 1 . 1 3 6 6 1 5 . 7 1 8 6 0 1 5 0 1 1 7 2 ± 2 2 7 9 3 2 1 2 4 6 Y 1 8 6 0 S 7 G 1 . 1 3 7 2 1 2 . 7 1 8 6 0 1 1 2 8 7 4 . 7 ± 2 2 0 8 2 3 9 1 8 3

A )

T h e m o d u l u s o f e l a s t i c i t y m a y b e t a k e n t o b e 1 9 5 G P a ( k N / m m

2

) .

B )

T h e n o m i n a l m a s s p e r m e t r e i s c a l c u l a t e d f r o m t h e n o m i n a l c r o s s - s e c t i o n a l a r e a a n d a d e n s i t y o f 7 . 8 1 k g / d m

3

.

C )

T h e s p e c i f i e d c h a r a c t e r i s t i c v a l u e o f t h e 0 . 1 % p r o o f f o r c e i s c a l c u l a t e d f o r a l l g r a d e s a n d d i a m e t e r s a s 8 8 % o f t h e s p e c i f i e d c h a r a c t e r i s t i c v a l u e o f t h e m a x i m u m f o r c e .


20

•




Table 13

Additional requirements for prestressing strandProperty Specification

Force ratio

σ

d

sw

≥

3 mm

d

sw

<3 mm1.05 to 1.171.03 to 1.17Total minimum percentage elongation at maximumforce,

A

gt

, with

L

0

≥

500 mm3.5%Reduction in area at break Ductile break visible to the unaided eye

A)

Maximumrelaxation at1000 hFor initial forcecorrespondingto:70%

F

ma

80%

F

ma

2.5%4.5%Fatigue forcerange

F

r

withupper limit

F

up

equal to 80%actual max.force

F

ma

– for plain strand

≥

200 MPa ×

S

n

for

≥

2 × 10

6

cycles– for indented strand

≥

180 MPa ×

S

n

for

≥

2 × 10

6

cyclesStress corrosionresistance at80% actualmax. force (

F

ma

)for plain and indented strand Minimum (h) Median (h)

d

sw

≥

3.2 mm 2.0 5.0

d

sw

<3.2 mm 1.5 3.0Maximum

D

– value of deflected tensile testapplies to 7-wire strand with a nominal diameter12.5 mm

≤

d

≤

15.7 mm28%

A)

Ruptures in “arrow-head” are prohibited. In case of dispute, the percentage reduction of area shall bedetermined and the guideline value shall be

≥

25% for plain wire and

≥

20% for indented wire.



•

21



Annex A(normative)

Product families

Table A.1 defines the product families for products defined in this standard.

NOTE Other product families based on steel name and/or nominal diameter are permitted in addition to those listed in Table A.1.

Table A.1

Product familiesType ofprestressingsteelProduct familynumberProducts in the product family Surface configurationSteel name Nominal diameter

mm

Plain Indented

Cold drawnwire1 Y1860C 5.0X X2 Y1770C 4.05.06.03 Y1670C 4.05.06.07.04 Y1620C 4.55 Y1570C 7.07-wire strand 6 Y1860S7 8.0XX9.39.611.312.512.915.215.77 Y1770S7 9.311.012.515.78 Y1670S7 15.27-wire strandcompacted9 Y1860S7G 12.7X10 Y1820S7G 15.211 Y1700S7G 18.0


22

•




Bibliography

For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, thelatest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS EN 10204,

Metallic materials – Types of inspection documents

BS EN 10138-1,

Prestressing steels – Part 1: General requirements

(In preparation)BS EN ISO 9001,

Quality management systems – Requirements



•

23




24

•


This page deliberately left blank


or


This page deliberately left blank


or


BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standardsand other standards-related publications, information and services. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other standardisation products are published by BSI Standards Limited

.

British Standards Institution (BSI)

raising standards worldwide

™

BSI

389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL UKTel +44 (0)20 8996 9001Fax +44 (0)20 8996 7001www.bsigroup.com/standards

Revisions

British Standards and PASs are periodically updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards and PASs should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity whileusing British Standards would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside frontcover. Similary for PASs, please notify BSI Customer Services.

Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001

BSI offers BSI Subscribing Members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensuresthat subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of British Standards and PASs.

Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7669 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001Email: plus@bsigroup.com

Buying standards

You may buy PDF and hard copy versions of standards directly using acredit card from the BSI Shop on the website

www.bsigroup.com/shop.

In addition all orders for BSI, international and foreign standards publicationscan be addressed to BSI Customer Services.

Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001Email: orders@bsigroup.com

In response to orders for international standards, BSI willsupply the British Standard implementation of the relevant international standard, unless otherwise requested.

Information on standards

BSI provides a wide range of information on national, Europeanand international standards through its Knowledge Centre.

Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7004 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7005Email: knowledgecentre@bsigroup.com

BSI Subscribing Members are kept up to date with standardsdevelopments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase priceof standards. For details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration.

Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7002 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001 Email: membership@bsigroup.com

Information regarding online access to British Standards and PASs via BritishStandards Online can be found at

www.bsigroup.com/BSOL

Further information about British Standards is available on the BSI website at

www.bsi-group.com/standards

Copyright

All the data, software and documentation set out in all British Standards and other BSI publications are the property of and copyrighted by BSI, or some person or entity that own copyright in the information used (such as the international standardisation bodies) has formally licensed such information to BSI for commerical publication and use. Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 no extract may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in anyform or by any means – electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise –without prior written permission from BSI. This does not preclude the freeuse, in the course of implementing the standard, of necessary details such assymbols, and size, type or grade designations. If these details are to be usedfor any other purpose than implementation then the prior written permissionof BSI must be obtained. Details and advice can be obtained from the Copyright & Licensing Department.

Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7070Email: copyright@bsigroup.com


or

BS 5896 - 2012

Uploaded by

BS 5896 - 2012

Uploaded by

Share this document

You might also like