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The World Ahead | Middle East in 2026

What now for the Palestinians?

The outlook for Gaza and a future Palestinian state

A boy watches as workers use shovels to remove rubble from the streets of Hamad City, west of Khan Yunis, Gaza, on October 21, 2025
From the rubblePhotograph: AFP
|1 min read

By Nicolas Pelham, Middle East correspondent, The Economist

No sooner had Israel completed its partial withdrawal from Gaza, as set out in the Trump Plan, than it began slicing the strip in two. On October 9th Israeli engineers laid knee-high yellow saddle-stones. Weeks later they added chunky yellow blocks. A concrete wall could follow. The new “yellow” line would define a small Palestinian enclave within a larger Israeli-occupied zone. Israel is meant to withdraw fully once Hamas disarms and an international stabilisation force takes over. Neither looks imminent. Gaza’s partition may therefore become indefinite.

This article appeared in the Middle East & Africa section of the print edition of The World Ahead 2026 under the headline “What now for Palestinians?”

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