два

Belarusian numbers ^(edit)

	20
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: два (dva)     Ordinal: другі́ (druhí)

From Proto-Slavic *dъva.

• IPA^(key): [dva]

• Audio:

  Duration: 1 second.0:01

  (file)

два • (dva) m or n (feminine дзве)

1. two (2)

два and дзве, when in the nominative case or accusative case, even in compounds (22, 32, 42, 102, etc.), govern the nominative plural of the noun. Some nouns have a special count form.

• двухгадо́вы (dvuxhadóvy)
• двухго́ддзе (dvuxhóddzje)
• двухкра́тны (dvuxkrátny)

Bulgarian numbers ^(edit)

	20[a], [b]
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: два (dva)     Male person cardinal: два́ма (dváma)     Ordinal: вто́ри (vtóri)     Ordinal abbreviation: 2-ри (2-ri)     Adverbial: два́ пъ́ти (dvá pǎ́ti), дваж (dvaž), двукра́тно (dvukrátno)     Fractional: полови́на (polovína), една́ вто́ра (edná vtóra)

Inherited from Old Church Slavonic дъва (dŭva), from Proto-Slavic *dъva.

• IPA^(key): [dva]

• Audio (Standard Bulgarian):

  Duration: 1 second.0:01

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• Rhymes: -va

два • (dva) (feminine/neuter две)

1. two

• “два”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “два”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Carpathian Rusyn numbers ^(edit)

	20
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: два (dva)     Ordinal: дру́гый (drúhŷj)

Inherited from Middle Ukrainian два (dva), from Old East Slavic два (dva), дъва (dŭva), from Proto-Slavic *dъ̏va (“two”). Compare with Ukrainian два (dva), Polish dwa.

• IPA^(key): [ˈdva]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: два

два • (dva)

1. two (2)

• Kercha, Ihor (2012), “два”, in Словник русько-русинськый: у 2 т. [Russian-Rusyn Dictionary: in 2 vols], volumes 1: А – Н (overall work in Russian and Carpathian Rusyn), Uzhhorod: PoliPrint, →ISBN, page 214
• Horoszczak, Jarosław (1993), “два”, in Перший лемківско-польскій словник [First Lemko-Polish Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Polish), Legnica: Stovaryshynia Lemkiv

Macedonian numbers ^(edit)

	20
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: два (dva)     Ordinal: втор (vtor)     Adverbial: двапати (dvapati)     Multiplier: двоен (dvoen), двократен (dvokraten)     Multiplier verb: удвои (udvoi), удвојува (udvojuva)     Collective: двајца (dvajca)     Fractional: половина (polovina)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dъva.

• IPA^(key): [dva]

• Audio:

  Duration: 1 second.0:01

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два • (dva)

1. two

Old Ruthenian numbers ^(edit)

	20[a], [b]
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: два (dva)     Ordinal: другїй (druhij), вторый (vtoryj)

Inherited from Old East Slavic два (dva), дъва (dŭva), from Proto-Slavic *dъ̏va, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *duwō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁. Cognate with Russian два (dva).

два • (dva) m or n (feminine двѣ or дви)

1. two (2) synonyms ▲

   Synonym: ·в҃· (·v:·)

• Belarusian: два (dva)
• Carpathian Rusyn: два (dva)
• Ukrainian: два (dva)

• Tymchenko, E. K., editor (1932), “два”, in Історичний словник українського язика [Historical Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 1, number 2 (Г – Ж), Kharkiv, Kyiv: Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia, page 673
• Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1977), “два”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 1 (А – М), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 286
• Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (2000), “два”, in Словник української мови XVI – 1-ї пол. XVII ст. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language of 16ᵗʰ – 1ˢᵗ half of 17ᵗʰ c.] (in Ukrainian), numbers 7 (головнѣйший – десѧтина), Lviv: KIUS, →ISBN, page 193
• Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1986), “два”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 7 (гляденье – девичество), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, page 272

Pannonian Rusyn cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : два (dva)     Ordinal : други (druhi)     Collective : двойо / двоме (dvojo)

Inherited from Old Slovak dva, from Proto-Slavic *dъva. Cognates include Carpathian Rusyn два (dva) and Slovak dva.

• IPA^(key): [ˈdva]
• Rhymes: -a
• Hyphenation: два

два (dva) (feminine две, neuter два)

1. two (2)

• Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “два”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
• Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “two”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 346

Russian numbers ^(edit)

	20
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: два (dva)     Ordinal: второ́й (vtorój)     Ordinal abbreviation: 2-й (2-j), 2-о́й (2-ój)     Adverbial: два́жды (dváždy)     Multiplier: двойно́й (dvojnój), двоя́кий (dvojákij), двукра́тный (dvukrátnyj)     Collective: дво́е (dvóje), о́ба (óba)     Fractional: втора́я (vtorája), полови́на (polovína)

Inherited from Old East Slavic дъва (dŭva), from Proto-Slavic *dъ̏va, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *duwō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (“two”).

• IPA^(key): [dva]

• Audio:

  Duration: 1 second.0:01

  (file)

два • (dva) m or n (feminine две)

1. two (2)
2. (mark) two (out of five), poor; D mark, D grade synonyms ▲

   Synonyms: дво́йка (dvójka), двоя́к (dvoják), неудовлетвори́тельно (neudovletvorítelʹno), не́уд (néud), два ба́лла (dva bálla), па́ра (pára)

два and две , when in the nominative case or accusative case, even in compounds (22, 32, 42, 102, etc.), govern the genitive of the noun.

• два ма́льчика ― dva málʹčika ― two boys
• две кни́ги ― dve knígi ― two books (literally, “two of a book”)
• пятьдеся́т два ма́льчика ― pjatʹdesját dva málʹčika ― fifty-two boys

• In the nominative case, all nouns become genitive singular. In the accusative case, animate nouns become genitive plural and inanimate nouns remain in genitive singular.

• Две соба́ки, два кота́, две кни́ги и два журна́ла свали́лись со стола́.

  Dve sobáki, dva kotá, dve knígi i dva žurnála svalílisʹ so stolá.

  Two dogs, two cats, two books and two journals fell from the table.

  ("два" transforms all nouns from nominative to genitive singular.)
• Я ви́жу двух соба́к, двух кото́в, две кни́ги и два журна́ла.

  Ja vížu dvux sobák, dvux kotóv, dve knígi i dva žurnála.

  I see two dogs, two cats, two books and two journals.

  (The verb "вижу" governs accusative case, which for dogs and cats becomes genitive plural.)
• Я скача́л два редактора и пригласи́л на обе́д двух редакторов.

  Ja skačál dva redaktora i priglasíl na obéd dvux redaktorov.

  I downloaded two editors and invited two editors for lunch.

• Заземли́в два проводника́, эле́ктрик спас двух проводнико́в.

  Zazemlív dva provodniká, eléktrik spas dvux provodnikóv.

  Grounding the two (electrical) conductors, the electrician saved the two (train) conductors.

• The reason behind the genitive singular here is that in Old Russian два governed the dual number, and the old nominative dual form was the same as the masculine genitive singular. When the dual number was lost in Russian, the form was reanalyzed as the genitive singular. This was extended to include the numbers три (tri) and четы́ре (četýre), and eventually it was applied by analogy to feminine nouns as well.
• While the noun is in the genitive singular following два or две, an intervening adjective or adjectival participle will be in the genitive plural or nominative plural
  • If два is in nominative case, the adjective will be nominative plural when the noun is feminine

• Тут две большие соба́ки, два больших кота́, две большие звезды́ и два больших стола́.

  Tut dve bolʹšije sobáki, dva bolʹšix kotá, dve bolʹšije zvezdý i dva bolʹšix stolá.

  Here are two big dogs, two big cats, two big stars and two big tables.

• • If два is in accusative case, the adjective will be accusative plural (the same as the nominative plural) only if the noun is feminine inanimate.

• Я ви́жу двух больших соба́к, двух больших кото́в, две большие звезды́ и два больших стола́.

  Ja vížu dvux bolʹšix sobák, dvux bolʹšix kotóv, dve bolʹšije zvezdý i dva bolʹšix stolá.

  I see two big dogs, two big cats, two big stars and two big tables.

• • Another way of seeing this is:

• Nominative feminine is две + nominative plural adjective + genitive singular noun
• Nominative masculine is два + genitive plural adjective + genitive singular noun.
• Cases other than nominative and accusative (genitive, dative, instrumental, and prepositional) use plural forms, and agree in number and case with the noun.
• Accusative animate is the same as the genitive, and accusative inanimate is the same as the nominative.

• Три (Tri) and четы́ре (četýre) obey the same rules.

Serbo-Croatian cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : два     Ordinal : други

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dъva, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *duwō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

• IPA^(key): /dʋâː/

• Audio:

  Duration: 2 seconds.0:02

  (file)

два̑ (Latin spelling dvȃ)

1. two (2)

• дви̏је/две̏ (for feminine pairs)

Ukrainian numbers ^(edit)

	20
←  1	2	3  →
Cardinal: два (dva)     Ordinal: дру́гий (drúhyj)     A.o.: вдру́ге (vdrúhe), удру́ге (udrúhe)     Sequence adverb: по-дру́ге (po-drúhe)     Multiplier: дві́чі (dvíči), вдві́чі (vdvíči), вдво́є (vdvóje)     Collective: дво́є (dvóje)     Fractional: пів (piv), полови́на (polovýna)

• dva — Podlachian

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dъva.

• IPA^(key): [dʋa]

• Audio:

  Duration: 2 seconds.0:02

  (file)

• Rhymes: -a
• Hyphenation: два

два • (dva) m or n (feminine дві)

1. two (2)

• In the nominative case, два m or n (dva) and дві f (dvi) (also numbers higher than 20 ending in 2, e.g. 22, 62, 222, 1002, etc.) govern nouns in the nominative plural form. The accusative case takes these forms too, but only with inanimate nouns.

  два пра́вила ― dva právyla ― two rules

  два уро́ки ― dva uróky ― two lessons

  дві стра́ви ― dvi strávy ― two dishes

  дві ти́сячі ― dvi týsjači ― two thousands

  Я ма́ю дві пробле́ми. ― Ja máju dvi problémy. ― I have two problems.

  Сього́дні ми спро́бували два напо́ї. ― Sʹohódni my spróbuvaly dva napóji. ― Today we tried two drinks.

  • If the noun is animate, the accusative case takes the same form as the genitive plural.

    Я ма́ю обра́ти двох уча́сниць із шістьо́х запропоно́ваних люде́й. ― Ja máju obráty dvox učásnycʹ iz šistʹóx zaproponóvanyx ljudéj. ― I have to choose two participants from the six proposed people.

    Магази́нові потрі́бно знайти́ ще двох працівникі́в. ― Mahazýnovi potríbno znajtý šče dvox pracivnykív. ― The store needs to find two more employees.

• If a masculine or a neuter noun is in the nominative case, the adjective to it is used in the nominative or genitive plural form. This also applies for inanimate nouns in the accusative case.

  два держа́вні/держа́вних університе́ти ― dva deržávni/deržávnyx universytéty ― two national universities

  два ко́ри́сні/ко́ри́сних заня́ття ― dva kórýsni/kórýsnyx zanjáttja ― two helpful classes

  Ко́ло ме́не стоя́ть два краси́ві/краси́вих хло́пці. ― Kólo méne stojátʹ dva krasývi/krasývyx xlópci. ― Two beautiful boys are standing near me.

  Купи́ собі́ два нові́/нови́х ка́белі. ― Kupý sobí dva noví/novýx kábeli. ― Buy yourself two new cables.

  • Feminine nouns always go with adjectives in nominative plural forms.

    дві пра́вильні ві́дповіді ― dvi právylʹni vídpovidi ― two correct answers

    дві за́ти́шні́ кімна́ти ― dvi zátýšní kimnáty ― two cozy rooms

• If the accent of the noun in the plural differs from the accent in the singular, the nominative plural form is used, but with the accent as in the singular forms (except for the nominative and vocative singular).

  два де́рева ― dva déreva ― two trees (nominative plural дере́ва (deréva))

  дві жі́нки ― dvi žínky ― two women (nominative plural жінки́ (žinký))

  два ра́зи ― dva rázy ― two times (nominative plural рази́ (razý))

  • If the noun has an irregular plural, the genitive singular form is used.

    два о́ка ― dva óka ― two eyes

    два плеча́ ― dva plečá ― two shoulders

    дві гри ― dvi hry ― two games

• With masculine animate nouns, the collective дво́є (dvóje) can be variantly used. It governs the genitive plural forms.
  • It can also be used instead of the genitive singular form when the noun has an irregular plural.
  • It does not apply for feminine nouns, they are used only with дві (dvi).
• With t-stem animal nouns and plurale tantum nouns, only the collective дво́є (dvóje) is used.
• Cases other than nominative and accusative (genitive, dative, instrumental, and locative) agree with the plural forms in the corresponding case.

  бі́ля двох стовпі́в ― bílja dvox stovpív ― near two pillars (genitive)

  подя́кувати двом тре́нерам ― podjákuvaty dvom tréneram ― to thank two coaches (dative)

  ба́чити двома́ очи́ма ― báčyty dvomá očýma ― to see with two eyes (instrumental)

  працюва́ти на двох робо́тах ― pracjuváty na dvox robótax ― to work at two jobs (locative)

• оби́два (obýdva, “both”), три (try, “three (3)”), and чоти́ри (čotýry, “four (4)”) obey the same rules.

• Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “два”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
• “два”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
• “два”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)
• “два”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)