Coat of arms of England in 1460

The Act of Accord was an act of the Parliament of England passed on 25 October 1460. Three weeks earlier, Richard, Duke of York, claimed the crown of England on the grounds that the male and female lines gave him two claims, while his rival King Henry VI only possessed one. The House of Lords decided that Henry would retain the crown for life, but York and his heirs were to succeed him, removing Henry's son Edward from the succession. Henry agreed to the compromise, which became the Act of Accord. The queen, Margaret of Anjou, refused to accept the disinheritance of their son, and was joined by the majority of the English nobility. She raised an army in Northern England with her son and began the destruction of York's and the Nevilles' Yorkshire estates. York led an army to challenge her but was killed at the Battle of Wakefield. The Lancastrians were defeated three months later at the Battle of Towton by York's son, who was crowned King Edward IV. (Full article...)

Flag of Mauritania

• ... that the red bands on the flag of Mauritania (pictured) were added in 2017 to represent the blood shed for the country's independence from France?
• ... that, according to the ruling party, the citizenry overwhelmingly allowed the president to be re-elected in the 1939 Salvadoran presidential election?
• ... that the wedding ceremony of Fukura P and Kazumi Takayama was held at the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building?
• ... that three-quarters of Turkey's bird species live in the Kızılırmak Delta?
• ... that Adamsochrysa fossils from British Columbia and Washington are most similar to an Australian green lacewing?
• ... that doctor Nandipha Magudumana received payment for the use of her archives in the Netflix documentary Beauty and the Bester, which she subsequently attempted to prevent from being aired?
• ... that the music of Fontaine in Genshin Impact was performed by the London Symphony Orchestra?
• ... that Barbara Buczek intentionally composed music so intricate that it was nearly impossible to realise all of its details?
• ... that fans of The Exit 8 travelled from across the world to visit a Japanese subway station?

Sanae Takaichi

• Sanae Takaichi (pictured) is elected as the first female prime minister of Japan by the National Diet.
• Eric Lu wins the International Chopin Piano Competition.
• Rodrigo Paz Pereira, a member of the Christian Democratic Party, is elected president of Bolivia.
• Pieces of the French Crown Jewels are stolen during a robbery from the Galerie d'Apollon of the Louvre in Paris.

October 25

Siege of Lisbon by Raquel Gameiro

• 1147 – Reconquista: Forces under Afonso I of Portugal captured Lisbon from the Moors after a four-month siege (depicted) in one of the few Christian victories during the Second Crusade.
• 1920 – Irish playwright and politician Terence MacSwiney died after a hunger strike in Brixton Prison, bringing the Irish struggle for independence to international attention.
• 1924 – The Daily Mail published the Zinoviev letter, a hoax purported to be a directive from Moscow to increase communist agitation, pushing the Conservative Party to a landslide victory in the UK general election four days later.
• 1944 – USS Tang, the U.S. Navy submarine credited with sinking more ships than any other American submarine, sank when it was struck by its own torpedo.
• 2010 – Mount Merapi in Central Java, Indonesia, began an increasingly violent series of eruptions that lasted over a month.