Persuasive messages, popularity cohesion, and message diffusion in social media marketing

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.11.027Get rights and content

Abstract

Social media marketing is an influential marketing method. Liking or sharing social media messages can increase the effects of popular cohesion and message diffusion. This research investigates how persuasive messages (i.e., argument quality, post popularity, and post attractiveness) can lead internet users to click like and share messages in social media marketing activities. This research develops hypotheses on the basis of elaboration likelihood model and a 392 fans survey from a fan page on Facebook. Structural equation modeling analyzes questionnaire data. Results show that the three types of persuasive messages are important to click like and to share post messages. Post popularity is essential and works through both central route and peripheral according to research model. In addition, different message characteristics and user groups have different communicating behaviors. This research provides valuable recommendations for social media marketing activities.

Introduction

As online users and browse time increase, networks become powerful marketing channels. Only touching and persuasive messages can change users’ attitudes and induce enthusiastic interactions (Bhattacherjee and Premkumar, 2004, Coulter and Punj, 2004). Social media marketing, which uses social networks such as Facebook to enable content sharing, information diffusion, relationship building, and fans cohesion (Cheung and Lee, 2010, Kim and Ko, 2012), is an influential marketing method nowadays.
The automatic connections of social media marketing easily spread messages. Social media scale creates synergistic effects, making it a powerful communication tool. Thus, marketing managers must persuade internet users to spontaneously share messages with relatives, colleagues, or friends. Therefore, effective dissemination of information becomes an essential factor in social media marketing success and persuading internet users to facilitate promotions is paramount for recent marketing research.
On the basis of elaboration likelihood model (ELM), which posits two routes of persuasion process (Petty & Cacioppo, 1986), this research explores how social media marketing persuades internet users to forward messages to reach popular cohesion and message diffusion. This study investigates message characteristics and how internet users’ evaluations affect communicative intention. Moreover, this research analyzes different user groups to understand their communication purposes.

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Section snippets

Using persuasive messages to change internet user behavior

Persuasion is an active attempt that changes receivers’ actions and beliefs via reasonable and sensible expressions (Lee & Xia, 2011). Persuasive messages focus on benefits to and communication with receivers (Lee, Keller, & Sternthal, 2010).
Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) is an important marketing strategy that affects internet user behaviors (Park and Kim, 2008, Park and Lee, 2009). Suspicious of traditional advertisements, users prefer trustworthy friends, or even information coming from

Research model and hypotheses

To explore the relationship between persuasive messages in a fan page post, recipients’ cohesion, and diffusion behavior, as well as the moderating effect of relative significance and user expertise, this study develops a theoretical framework according to ELM. Fig. 1 shows research model.

Data collection and research methodology

Taiwan’s biggest cooking community site is iCook (http://icook.tw). This community collects 40,000 recipes and attracts 800,000 Facebook fans only in June 2014. Users can search for favorite recipes or share their recipes and meet friends who also like to cook. Since September 2011, iCook has a Facebook page (http://www.facebook.com/icooktw) and attracts fans via blog recipes and health information.
To understand the effect of articles Facebook posts, this research targets iCook’s fans on

Theoretical implications

This study uses ELM theory to explore popularity cohesion, message diffusion, and persuasive messages in social networking groups. Past study on ELM focuses on changing attitudes and intentions towards information and products (Bhattacherjee and Sanford, 2006, Kim et al., 2010), but seldom on the intentions to promote social media marketing. In addition, ELM factors, in relation to social media marketing, focus on external influences (e.g., opinions of friends or online users) than on

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Cited by (328)

  • Elements of strategic social media marketing: A holistic framework

    2017, Journal of Business Research
    Citation Excerpt :

    However, few articles address the strategic marketing of social media, and none put forth a holistic social media marketing framework. While extant research related to social media marketing investigates social media mostly through the lens of a particular marketing problem (e.g. Fong & Burton, 2008; Kim & Ko, 2012; Kumar et al., 2016) or with a focus on customers and communication (e.g., Chang et al., 2015), the findings of this study reveal four general social media marketing dimensions that firms should address when conceptualizing or managing their strategic social media marketing approach. As the findings indicate, these dimensions are interdependent, and companies should strive to position themselves on the four dimensions in an integrated way, rather than treating them as isolated, independent decisions.

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The authors acknowledge Arch Woodside, Boston College (USA), and thank reviewers of the Journal of Business Research for their valuable suggestions. The authors also thank Víctor Reyes Mínguez for his assistance with writing style. All errors are those of the authors.
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