Module 6 Lab   Module 6 Lab Objective Use historic imagery taken before and after Hurricanes Katrina and Sandy of...

Module 6 Lab

Module 6 Lab Objective

Use historic imagery taken before and after Hurricanes Katrina and Sandy of Pass Christian, MS and Mantoloking, NJ, respectively, assess damage to properties and natural features, and estimate the extent of recovery in recent Google Maps imagery. 

Note: Unlike other labs, we are using Google Maps, instead of Google Earth for this lab.

Part A. Pass Christian, MS, Hurricane Katrina, August 2005

Resources

• Google Maps
• Katrina Photos
• Pass Christian, Mississippi: Read the "Hurricane Katrina" section. 

For Pass Christian, you will examine before and after images in the link above, for specific properties listed below, and compare with present-day imagery and street views on Google Maps.

Locate each of the four addresses listed below in before and after imagery in Katrina Photos.

You will need to scroll down through the photos to find pictures of the four properties.

• 309 E. Beach Blvd, Pass Christian, MS (now 309 E. Scenic Drive)
• 635 Ponce De Leon, Pass Christian, MS
• 900 Village Ln, Pass Christian, MS (Inn by the Sea, Henderson Point)
• 239 East Second St., Pass Christian, MS

Google Maps

Go to Google Maps. Turn on the satellite view (square at bottom left of screen) and search each of the addresses. Click on the street in front of the address to access street view and view and determine the state of the property (abandoned, rebuilt, damaged, under repair, etc.) 

1. How many of the properties surveyed were rebuilt according to Google Maps imagery?
   1. None of the properties were rebuilt
   2. 2 out of the four were rebuilt.
   3. Only one was not rebuilt.
   4. All of the properties were rebuilt.

Google Maps

On Google Maps, look around the neighborhood of 900 Village Ln, Pass Christian, MS (Inn by the Sea, Henderson Point). What evidence can you find of properties that were destroyed but not rebuilt (look for patterns of bare concrete where a slab remains)?

1. Approximately how many slabs can you find that indicate a property that was not rebuilt?
   1. Less than 5
   2. 10 - 20
   3. 50-100
   4. 101-1000

1. What is the most plausible reason that property owners would not return to this area and rebuild?
   1. Building codes changed after Hurricane Katrina making it much more expensive to build
   2. The people chose to migrate inland and did not wish to live in Pass Christian
   3. Neither of these is a plausible explanation.
   4. Both of these explanations are plausible

Part B. Mantoloking, NJ, Hurricane Sandy, October 2012

Resources

• Google Maps
• Review A Changed Coastline in Jersey
• Read the "Impacts of Hurricane Sandy" section at Mantoloking, New Jersey.

For Mantoloking, you will focus on Ocean Ave (AKA Ocean Blvd.) examining the impacts of Hurricane Sandy in the before and after images at A Changed Coastline in Jersey and present-day imagery, historical imagery, and street views on Google Maps.

To view historical imagery on Google Maps, click on the 360 street view image of the address (bottom right) and a black box will pop up. Go to the link that says "see more dates" in this box. This will open street view images of previous years. Use these to explore the changes since Hurricane Sandy in this location. 

Examine the images in A Changed Coastline in Jersey. Look carefully at the before and after Sandy aerial images and compare the bottom (before) with the top (after). You will see the impacts of the storm surge from Hurricane Sandy. Pay attention to the way the barrier island was cut in 2 pieces (breached) just to the north of the Mantoloking Bridge. Estimate how many properties were destroyed by the breach.

1. Approximately how many properties were in the footprint of and were directly destroyed (no longer there at all in the "after" image) by this breach? (~15). 
2. Less than 5
3. 5-8
4. 12 - 18[TB1] [d2] 
5. 22-48

Google Maps

You will now use Google Maps to focus on the approximately 10 properties on the shoreline along Ocean Ave (Blvd), from 1133 Ocean Ave, Montoloking, to 1109 Ocean Avenue, Montoloking.

Use the directions above, in Part B. Mantoloking, NJ, Hurricane Sandy, October 2012, to find historical imagery to see how this area has changed since Hurricane Sandy. Click on "Find other dates" to see views in 2103 and 2022. For the next question, you will assess how many properties were destroyed and how many were rebuilt by 2013 (1 year after Sandy), and 2022 (10 years after Sandy).

Remember, even if we can see a property that appears somewhat intact in an aerial image, it may have been severely damaged and probably needed to be demolished. The street views help to assess the damage on the ground.

Present, 2022, and 2013

First explore this section of Ocean Avenue using the street view for present, 2022, and 2013. On Google Maps, search for 1109 Ocean Avenue[TB3] / Blvd., Montoloking You can also locate this property on the before and after images. It is the northern most house on the ocean side of Ocean Ave on both images. 

1. What do you observe about this property?
2. This property was completely destroyed by Sandy's storm surge, leaving an empty lot.
3. This property appears to have survived Sandy fairly intact, and was repaired/ rebuilt afterwards.
4. This property is visible in the "after" image, but looks severely damaged, with no roof.

1. What do you observe about the properties on the ocean side of Ocean Ave. from 1111 Ocean Ave. to 1133 Ocean Ave.?

1. Most of them remained intact after Hurricane Sandy.
2. Some (not all) were completely washed away along with part of the island.
3. Some are still visible but would have sustained damage.
4. Most of them remained intact after Hurricane Sandy AND some are still visible but would have sustained damage.

1. Compare 2013 and 2019

Survey the section of Ocean Ave. between 1109 Ocean Ave. and the intersection with Herbert Blvd. (use the arrows on the road at street level to travel along this section). What evidence of rebuilding/ redevelopment is seen between 2013 and 2019?

1. In 2013 there is evidence of repairing the breach in the island with heavy equipment.
2. In 2019 the repair is complete, and one house is under construction.
3. There is no evidence of rebuilding or redevelopment.
4. In 2013 there is evidence of repairing the breach in the island with heavy equipment AND In 2019 the repair is complete, and one house is under construction.

1. Compare 2018 and 2022

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the changes between 2018 and 2022?

1. No more development has taken place in this time period.
2. An additional 2-3 houses have been constructed in this time period.
3. An additional 7-8 houses are complete or under construction.
4. An additional 10-20 houses have been constructed.

Google Maps

Now return to Google Maps for an aerial view and look carefully at the section of shoreline we have been exploring. Compare the present-day image in Google Maps with the before and after images at Mantoloking, New Jersey. Look for evidence of changes to the shoreline itself. Remember, we are looking at a barrier shoreline on the Atlantic Ocean that has been heavily developed.

1. What observations can be made about the appearance of the beach from just south of Herbert St. north to 1119 Ocean Blvd., between the time of the "before" image, the "after" image and the present-day Google Maps image? 

1. Hurricane Sandy's storm surge breached the beach and eroded the width of the beach. By present day the breach has been repaired and the beach has increased in width due to beach nourishment and other management.
2. Hurricane Sandy's storm surge breached the beach and removed the entire beach and it is still significantly narrower than it was in the "before" image.
3. Hurricane Sandy pushed all of the sand on the beach into Barnegat Bay and no repairs have been made.
4. Hurricane Sandy's storm surge had minimal impact on Mantoloking Beach.

1. Which of these two communities appears to have invested more financially in rebuilding

1. Mantaloking, NJ 
2. Ocean Springs, MS 
3. They are about the same in terms of the level of rebuilding investment.