rear
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (General American) IPA(key): /ɹɪ(ə)ɹ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɹɪə̯/
Audio (US): Duration: 1 second. (file) - Rhymes: -ɪə(ɹ)
Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English reren (“to raise”), from Old English rǣran (“to raise, set upright, promote, exalt, begin, create, give rise to, excite, rouse, arouse, stir up”), from Proto-West Germanic *raiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *raizijaną, *raisijaną (“to cause to rise, raise”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rey- (“to lift oneself, rise”).
Cognate with Scots rere (“to construct, build, rear”), Icelandic reisa (“to raise”), Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍃𐌾𐌰𐌽 (raisjan, “to cause to rise, lift up, establish”), German reisen (“to travel”, literally “to rear up and depart”); and a doublet of raise. More at rise.
Related to rise and raise, which is used for several of its now archaic or obsolete senses and for some of its senses that are currently more common in other dialects of English.
Alternative forms
[edit]Verb
[edit]rear (third-person singular simple present rears, present participle rearing, simple past and past participle reared)
- (transitive) To bring up to maturity, as offspring; to educate; to instruct; to foster. quotations ▼
- (transitive, said of people towards animals) To breed and raise.
- The family has been rearing cattle for 200 years.
- (intransitive) To rise up on the hind legs.
- The horse was shocked, and thus reared.
- (intransitive, usually with "up") To get angry.
- (intransitive) To rise high above, tower above.
- (transitive, literary) To raise physically or metaphorically; to lift up; to cause to rise, to elevate.
quotations ▼
- Poverty reared its ugly head. (appeared, started, began to have an effect)
- The monster slowly reared its head.
- (transitive, rare) To construct by building; to set up
quotations ▼
- to rear defenses or houses
- to rear one government on the ruins of another.
- (transitive, rare) To raise spiritually; to lift up; to elevate morally. quotations ▼
- (transitive, obsolete) To lift and take up. quotations ▼
- (transitive, obsolete) To rouse; to strip up. quotations ▼
Usage notes
[edit]- It is standard US English to raise children, and this usage has become common in all kinds of English since the 1700s. Until fairly recently, however, US teachers taught the traditional rule that one should raise crops and animals, but rear children, despite the fact that this contradicted general usage. It is therefore not surprising that some people still prefer to rear children and that this is considered correct but formal in US English. It is widespread in UK English and not considered formal.
- It is generally considered incorrect to rear crops or (adult) animals in US English, but this expression is common in UK English.
Synonyms
[edit]- (rise up on the hind legs): prance
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle English rere, from Anglo-Norman rere, ultimately from Latin retro. Compare arrear. Doublet of retro.
Adjective
[edit]rear (not comparable)
- Being behind, or in the hindmost part; hindmost
- the rear rank of a company
- sit in the rear seats of a car
Antonyms
[edit]Translations
[edit]Adverb
[edit]rear (not comparable)
Noun
[edit]rear (plural rears)
- The back or hindmost part; that which is behind, or last in order.
antonym ▲quotations ▼
- Antonym: front
- (military) Specifically, the part of an army or fleet which comes last, or is stationed behind the rest. quotations ▼
- (anatomy) The buttocks or bottom.
Synonyms
[edit]- (buttocks): rear end
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Verb
[edit]rear (third-person singular simple present rears, present participle rearing, simple past and past participle reared)
- To place in the rear; to secure the rear of.
- (transitive, vulgar, British) To sodomize (perform anal sex)
Derived terms
[edit]- bring up the rear - to come last or behind
- kingpin to rear axle
- pain in the rear
- rear admiral
- rear back
- rear double biceps
- rear echelon
- rear end
- rear-end
- rear-end collision
- rear-ended
- rear-ender
- rear-fanged
- rear-guard
- rear guard
- rear gunner
- rearhorse
- rear-horse
- rearing bit - a bit designed to prevent a horse from lifting his head when rearing
- rear light
- rearmost
- rearmouse
- rear naked choke
- rear projection
- rear sight - (firearms), the sight nearest the breech
- rear-view mirror
- rear view, rear-view, rearview
- rear-vision mirror
- rear vision mirror
- rearward
- rear wheel
- rear-wheel drive
- unified rear triangle
Etymology 3
[edit]From Middle English reren, from Old English hrēran (“to move, shake, agitate”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōzijaną (“to stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱroHs- (“to mix, stir, cook”). Cognate with Dutch roeren (“to stir, shake, whip”), German rühren (“to stir, beat, move”), Swedish röra (“to touch, move, stir”), Icelandic hræra (“to stir”).
Alternative forms
[edit]Verb
[edit]rear (third-person singular simple present rears, present participle rearing, simple past and past participle reared)
- (transitive) To move; stir.
- (transitive, of geese) To carve.
- Rear that goose!
- (regional, obsolete) To revive, bring to life, quicken. (only in the phrase, to rear to life)
- He healeth the blind and he reareth to life the dead.(Speculum Sacerdotale c. 15th century)
Usage notes
[edit]- In the sense "bring to life", the more common variant of to rear to life is to raise to life. “I pray you, Declan, servant of God, that in the name of Christ you would raise to life for me the seven hostages whom I held in bondage from the chieftains of Munster." (Life of Saint Declan of Ardmore By Saint Declan of Ardmore, Aeterna Press, 2015.)
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]From Middle English rere, from Old English hrēr, hrēre (“not thoroughly cooked, underdone, lightly boiled”), from hrēran (“to move, shake, agitate”), from Proto-Germanic *hrōzijaną (“to stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱroHs- (“to mix, stir, cook”). Related to Old English hrōr (“stirring, busy, active, strong, brave”), Dutch roeren (“to stir, shake, whip”), German rühren (“to stir, beat, move”), Swedish röra (“to touch, move, stir”), Icelandic hræra (“to stir”).
Alternative forms
[edit]Adjective
[edit]rear (comparative rearer or more rear, superlative rearest or most rear)
Derived terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Latin
[edit]Verb
[edit]rear
Swedish
[edit]Verb
[edit]rear
- present indicative of rea
Anagrams
[edit]- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ɪə(ɹ)/1 syllable
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English doublets
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with quotations
- English terms with usage examples
- English intransitive verbs
- English literary terms
- English terms with rare senses
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English terms derived from Anglo-Norman
- English terms derived from Latin
- English adjectives
- English uncomparable adjectives
- English adverbs
- English uncomparable adverbs
- British English
- English dialectal terms
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Military
- en:Anatomy
- English vulgarities
- American English
- en:Buttocks
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin verb forms
- Swedish non-lemma forms
- Swedish verb forms