Fix encoding problems

Author: TotallyNotK0

README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Betanet Version 1.0 – Official Implementation Specification
+# Betanet Version 1.0 – Official Implementation Specification
 
 > **Normative document.**  All requirements marked **MUST**, **MUST NOT**, or **SHALL** are mandatory for compliance.
 
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ The design eliminates single points of failure, disguises itself as ordinary HTT
 ## 1  General Encoding Rules
 
 * Multi-byte integers: **unsigned big-endian**.
-* `varint`: QUIC variable-length integer (RFC 9000 §16).
+* `varint`: QUIC variable-length integer (RFC 9000 §16).
 * Unless stated, all sizes are in bytes.
 * Binary examples use hexadecimal.
 
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ The design eliminates single points of failure, disguises itself as ordinary HTT
 | AEAD                            | **ChaCha20-Poly1305** (IETF, 12-B nonce, 16-B tag) |
 | KDF                             | **HKDF-SHA256**                                    |
 | Signatures                      | **Ed25519**                                        |
-| Diffie–Hellman                  | **X25519**                                         |
-| Post-quantum hybrid<sup>†</sup> | **X25519-Kyber768** (draft-ietf-pqtls-00)          |
+| Diffie–Hellman                  | **X25519**                                         |
+| Post-quantum hybrid<sup>†</sup> | **X25519-Kyber768** (draft-ietf-pqtls-00)          |
 
-> † Offering the hybrid ciphersuite is **MUST** after *2027-01-01*.
+> † Offering the hybrid ciphersuite is **MUST** after *2027-01-01*.
 
 ---
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ The design eliminates single points of failure, disguises itself as ordinary HTT
 +-------------------------------+
 |       Payload Length          |
 +-------------------------------+
-|      Path Segment 0 …         |
+|      Path Segment 0 …         |
 +-------------------------------+
 ```
 
@@ -77,19 +77,19 @@ For links without native SCION support, prepend:
 
 ```
 +-------+-------------------------------------------------+
-| ID=0xF1 | 64-B Ed25519 sig over (prev-AS ‖ next-AS)     |
+| ID=0xF1 | 64-B Ed25519 sig over (prev-AS ‖ next-AS)     |
 +-------+-------------------------------------------------+
 ```
 
 Gateways **MUST** verify and strip this header when re-entering a SCION-capable segment.
 
 ### 4.3 Path Maintenance
 
-End hosts **MUST** maintain **≥ 3** disjoint validated paths to every peer and switch within **300 ms** of failure detection.
+End hosts **MUST** maintain **≥ 3** disjoint validated paths to every peer and switch within **300 ms** of failure detection.
 
 ---
 
-## 5  Cover Transport (L2) — HTX
+## 5  Cover Transport (L2) — HTX
 
 ### 5.1 Outer TLS 1.3 Handshake
 
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ End hosts **MUST** maintain **≥ 3** disjoint validated paths to every peer
 
 ### 5.2 Access-Ticket Bootstrap
 
-1. The server’s decoy site embeds `ticketPub` (32-B X25519 public key, Base64URL).
+1. The server’s decoy site embeds `ticketPub` (32-B X25519 public key, Base64URL).
 2. Client generates `ticketPriv`, computes `sharedSecret = X25519(ticketPriv, ticketPub)`.
 3. Client picks 32-B random `nonce32`.
 4. `accessTicket = HKDF(sharedSecret, "betanet-ticket", nonce32, 32)`.
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ End hosts **MUST** maintain **≥ 3** disjoint validated paths to every peer
 
 ### 5.3 Noise *XK* Handshake & Inner Keys
 
-Unchanged from §2 .3 of prior draft: derive `K_inner = HKDF-Expand-Label(TLS-Exporter, "htx inner", "", 32)`.
-AEAD nonce: **96-bit little-endian counter** (wrap ≈2⁹⁶-1 frames).
+Unchanged from §2 .3 of prior draft: derive `K_inner = HKDF-Expand-Label(TLS-Exporter, "htx inner", "", 32)`.
+AEAD nonce: **96-bit little-endian counter** (wrap ≈2⁹⁶-1 frames).
 
 ### 5.4 Inner Frame Format
 
@@ -137,11 +137,11 @@ struct Frame {
 | Frame          | Requirement                   |
 | -------------- | ----------------------------- |
 | SETTINGS       | Within 30 ms of stream 0 open |
-| WINDOW\_UPDATE | When ≥ 50 % of window used    |
-| PING           | Every 15 s ± 3 s              |
-| PRIORITY       | On ≈1 % of connections        |
+| WINDOW\_UPDATE | When ≥ 50 % of window used    |
+| PING           | Every 15 s ± 3 s              |
+| PRIORITY       | On ≈1 % of connections        |
 
-Idle padding: if no DATA for 512 ± 128 ms, send dummy 1 KiB encrypted DATA.
+Idle padding: if no DATA for 512 ± 128 ms, send dummy 1 KiB encrypted DATA.
 
 ### 5.6 UDP Variant
 
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ Idle padding: if no DATA for 512 ± 128 ms, send dummy 1 KiB encrypted DATA.
 
 ### 6.3 Bootstrap Discovery
 
-The client **MUST** keep trying methods **a → e** until ≥ 5 peers respond:
+The client **MUST** keep trying methods **a → e** until ≥ 5 peers respond:
 
 | Order | Method                                                             | Central infra?      |
 | ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------------- |
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ The client **MUST** keep trying methods **a → e** until ≥ 5 peers r
 
 * CID =`multihash(SHA-256(content))`.
 * Bitswap-v2 on `/betanet/bitswap/2.1.0`.
-* Requester **SHOULD** open ≥ 3 parallel streams on distinct SCION paths.
+* Requester **SHOULD** open ≥ 3 parallel streams on distinct SCION paths.
 
 ---
 
@@ -190,14 +190,14 @@ The client **MUST** keep trying methods **a → e** until ≥ 5 peers r
 
 | Mode                   | Requirement                           |
 | ---------------------- | ------------------------------------- |
-| **strict**             | Every stream through ≥ 3 Nym hops     |
-| **balanced** (default) | ≥ 1 hop until peer-trust ≥ 0.8        |
+| **strict**             | Every stream through ≥ 3 Nym hops     |
+| **balanced** (default) | ≥ 1 hop until peer-trust ≥ 0.8        |
 | **performance**        | No mixnet unless dest label `.mixreq` |
 
 ### 7.2 Mixnode Selection
 
 `seed = SHA256(srcPeerID || dstPeerID || unixHour)`
-— used as VRF input to pick hops.
+— used as VRF input to pick hops.
 
 ---
 
@@ -209,15 +209,15 @@ The client **MUST** keep trying methods **a → e** until ≥ 5 peers r
 betanet://<hex SHA-256(service-pubkey)>[/resource]
 ```
 
-Verify that the peer’s presented pubkey hashes to the ID.
+Verify that the peer’s presented pubkey hashes to the ID.
 
 ### 8.2 Human-Readable Alias Ledger
 
 A record is valid **only if** identical payload appears at the same height on at least **2 of 3** chains:
 
 * **Handshake** Layer-1
 * **Filecoin FVM**
-* **Ethereum L2 “Raven-Names”**
+* **Ethereum L2 “Raven-Names”**
 
 Re-orgs deeper than 12 blocks are ignored.
 
@@ -233,15 +233,15 @@ betanet1 pk=<hex32> sig=<base64sig> exp=<unixSec>
 
 ### 9.1 Federated Cashu Mints
 
-* Each mint = FROST-Ed25519 **(n ≥ 5, t = 3)** group.
+* Each mint = FROST-Ed25519 **(n ≥ 5, t = 3)** group.
 * Keyset ID =`SHA-256(sorted pubkeys)`.
 * Relays **MUST** accept vouchers from any announced keyset (topic `betanet.mints`).
 
 Voucher (64 B): `secret32 || aggregatedSig32`.
 
 ### 9.2 Settlement
 
-Relays **MAY** redeem ≥ 10 000 sat via their own Lightning node or swap with peers.
+Relays **MAY** redeem ≥ 10 000 sat via their own Lightning node or swap with peers.
 Vouchers never leave encrypted streams.
 
 ---
@@ -263,12 +263,12 @@ vote_weight = uptime_score + log10(total_ecash_staked / 1 000 sat + 1)
 A version proposal passes when
 
 ```
-Σ weight(ACK) ≥ 0.67 × Σ weight(all_reachable_nodes)
+Σ weight(ACK) ≥ 0.67 × Σ weight(all_reachable_nodes)
 ```
 
 ### 10.3 Upgrade Delay
 
-After threshold reached, activation waits **≥ 30 days**.
+After threshold reached, activation waits **≥ 30 days**.
 Raven Development Team publishes a time-lock hash of the final spec text.
 
 ---
@@ -278,9 +278,9 @@ Raven Development Team publishes a time-lock hash of the final spec text.
 An implementation is **compliant** if it:
 
 1. Implements HTX over TCP-443 **and** QUIC-443 with TLS 1.3 mimic + ECH.
-2. Uses rotating access tickets (§5.2).
+2. Uses rotating access tickets (§5.2).
 3. Encrypts inner frames with ChaCha20-Poly1305, 24-bit length, 96-bit nonce.
-4. Maintains ≥ 3 signed SCION paths **or** attaches a valid IP-transition header.
+4. Maintains ≥ 3 signed SCION paths **or** attaches a valid IP-transition header.
 5. Offers `/betanet/htx/1.0.0` **and** `/betanet/htxquic/1.0.0` transports.
 6. Implements deterministic DHT seed bootstrap.
 7. Verifies alias ledger with 2-of-3 chain consensus.