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Chinese Muslims in Transregional Spaces of Mainland China, Taiwan, and Beyond in the Twentieth Century

橫跨區域間的華人穆斯林:二十世紀在中國大陸、台灣和其他地區的華人回民穆斯林

In: Review of Religion and Chinese Society
Author:
Wlodzimierz Cieciura University of Warsaw, w.cieciura@uw.edu.pl

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This article examines the modern social history of Chinese Hui Muslims in the context of transregional connections within and beyond the borders of the two modern Chinese nation-states, the People’s Republic of China and the Republic of China on Taiwan. The article applies Engseng Ho’s concepts for the study of Inter-Asia to the biographical study of several prominent Hui religious professionals and intellectuals. The experiences and personal contributions to the development of modern Chinese Muslim culture of people like Imam Ma Songting are scrutinized, along with political and ideological conflicts over different visions of Chineseness and “Huiness” during the turbulent twentieth century. It is argued that when studying the social history of Chinese Muslims, researchers should not limit themselves to the religious activities of Hui elites that occurred within the confines of the two Chinese nation-states, but should also take into consideration the expansion of those elites’ religious activities abroad and the intensive circulation of knowledge across Inter-Asian spaces in which they participated.

本文著眼於華人穆斯林的近代社會史,研究背景為其在近代中國民族國家境內外的跨區域連結。除了以何英成 (Engseng Ho) 對亞際研究的觀念為研究框架,並將之應用於回顧幾位著名的回族宗教專家及知識分子的傳記研究中外,本文也詳細檢閱了如馬松亭阿訇等人的個人經歷與他們對近代中國穆斯林文化發展的貢獻,特別是當他們處在動盪的二十世紀,且對「中國性」與「回民性」因不同視角的觀察而造成政治上與意識形態上的衝突。本文認為,在研究華人穆斯林的社會史時,研究回族精英從事的宗教活動不應侷限於中國民族國家層面,而應進一步考量這些精英是如何擴展其所從事的宗教活動及他們在所參與的亞際區域中是如何密集性地散播知識。