Contents
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Mismatch repair Mismatch repair
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Nucleotide excision and base excision repair pathways Nucleotide excision and base excision repair pathways
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DNA breaks DNA breaks
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Single-strand break repair Single-strand break repair
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Double-strand break repair Double-strand break repair
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Detection of the double-strand break Detection of the double-strand break
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Non-homologous end-joining repair pathway Non-homologous end-joining repair pathway
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The homologous recombination pathway The homologous recombination pathway
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Epigenetic modifications in double-strand break repair Epigenetic modifications in double-strand break repair
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The conformation of chromatin at the site of a double-strand break The conformation of chromatin at the site of a double-strand break
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The three-dimensional arrangement of double-strand breaks The three-dimensional arrangement of double-strand breaks
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Chapter summary Chapter summary
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References References
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Cite
15 DNA repair and genomic stability
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Published:January 2019
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Abstract
A number of pathways have evolved in order to repair DNA. Mismatch repair (MMR) operates when an improper nucleotide is used or when an insertion or deletion occurs during replication. Nucleotide excision repair (NER) repairs damage that distorts the DNA helix such as the presence of pyrimidine dimers induced by ultraviolet light. Base excision repair (BER) removes damaged or altered DNA bases that do not result in a conformational change in the chromatin. Single-strand break repair (SSBR) uses the same enzymatic steps as BER. Double-strand break (DSB) repair can involve either non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR). In NHEJ, the broken DNA ends are joined directly. HR requires that one of the strands of the broken DNA molecule participates in the strand invasion of the sister chromatid. The site of the DSB must be modified to allow access to the repair machinery. This modification involves remodeling complexes, as well as histone-modifying enzymes.
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- Pathways and assays for DNA double-strand break repair by homologous recombinationJinbao Li, Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica, 2019
- Double-strand break repair and V(D)J recombinationBelinda K Singleton, Oxford Academic Books, 1999
- The Chromosome Bias of Misincorporations During Double-Strand Break Repair Is Not Altered in Mismatch Repair–Defective Strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiaeCarolyn B McGill, GENETICS, 1998
- The Dot1 Histone Methyltransferase and the Rad9 Checkpoint Adaptor Contribute to Cohesin-Dependent Double-Strand Break Repair by Sister Chromatid Recombination ...Francisco Conde, GENETICS, 2009
- The multi-functionality of UHRF1: epigenome maintenance and preservation of genome integrityMonica Mancini, Nucleic Acids Research, 2021
- Streamlined process for effective and strand-selective mitochondrial base editing using mitoBEs
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- DNA Damage Response and Cancer Metastasis: Clinical Implications and Therapeutic Opportunities:
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- Nucleoside deaminases: the key players in base editing toolkit
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