athair

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ˈɑhəɾʲ/, /ˈahəɾʲ/^[1]
• (Aran) IPA^(key): /ˈæhəɾʲ/^[2]
• (Cois Fharraige) IPA^(key): /æɾʲ/, [æːɾʲ]^[3]
• (Mayo) IPA^(key): /ˈahəɾʲ/^[4]
• (South Donegal) IPA^(key): /ˈahæɾʲ/^[5], /ˈæhæɾʲ/^[6] (as if spelled atháir)
• (North Donegal) IPA^(key): /ˈahəɾˠ/^[7], /ˈɛhəɾˠ/^[8] (as if spelled aithear)

From Old Irish athair, from Proto-Celtic *ɸatīr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.^[9]

athair m (genitive singular athar, nominative plural aithreacha)

1. father (male parent; term of address for a priest; male ancestor more remote than a parent, a progenitor)

   Fuair m’athair bás.

   My father died.

2. ancestor
3. sire

• Archaic nominative/vocative plural: aithre
• Archaic genitive plural: aithreach
• Archaic dative plural: aithribh, aithreachaibh

• 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 21:

  ḱē n xȳ ə wil tū, ə æhŕ̥?

  [Cén chaoi a bhfuil tú, a athair?]

  How are you, father? [could be addressed to one’s own father or to a priest, as in English]

• 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 22: “mə æhŕəxə [m’aithreacha] ― my fathers, my ancestors”
• 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 22: “nə h-æhŕəxə nȳfə [na haithreacha naofa] ― the Church Fathers”

• iníon (“daughter”)
• máthair (“mother”)
• mac (“son”)

• aithriúil (“fatherly”, adjective)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

athair f (genitive singular athrach)

1. creeper (plant that grows by creeping)

• athair thalún (“milfoil, yarrow”)

Rebracketing of nathair. Compare similar rebracketings in the cognates English adder and German Otter.

athair f (genitive singular athrach)

1. Alternative form of nathair (“snake”)

   athair nimhe ― venomous snake

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “athair”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “athair”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page aṫair

• athir

From Proto-Celtic *ɸatīr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

• IPA^(key): [ˈaθɨrʲ]

athair m (genitive athar, nominative plural aithir)

1. father quotations ▼
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 124^b3

     Ní du ṡémigud pectha at·ber-som inso .i. combad dó fa·cherred: “ní sní cetid·deirgni ⁊ ní sní dud·rigni nammá”; acht is do chuingid dílguda dosom, amal du·rolged dïa aithrib íar n-immarmus.

     It is not to palliate sin that he says this, i.e. so that he might put it for this: “we have not done it first and we have not done it only”; but it is to seek forgiveness for himself, as his fathers had been forgiven after sinning.

     (literally, “…as had been forgiven to his fathers”)

• athramail

• Irish: athair
• Manx: ayr
  • → English: ayr
• Scottish Gaelic: athair

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 athair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

From Old Irish athair, from Proto-Celtic *ɸatīr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

• (Lewis, Harris) IPA^(key): /ˈahəð/, /ˈahað/^[1]
• (Uist, Barra) IPA^(key): /ˈahɪɾʲ/^[2], (careful pronunciation) /ˈahæɾʲ/^[3]

athair m (genitive singular athar, plural athraichean)

1. father

• màthair

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 athair”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language