A hen pigeon mature enough to lay a clutch of eggs will lay the first egg at 8 days, the second at 10 days, counting from the time the hen first “took” to her new mate. Some pigeons take a few days to “take” to their new mate, but many will stoop and mate with the male bird within a few hours of being placed together. When the first egg is laid, the hen will typically stand over it to keep it from freezing or getting too cold. Once the second egg is laid two days later, She will settle down on the two eggs and incubation will begin in earnest. The hen will incubate almost exclusively from about 5 or 6 p.m. through about 10 a.m. the next day. The male will then take his turn and incubate from about 10 a.m. through about 5 p.m. Occasionally, they may spell each other off so the the one on the nest can go find a drink and something to eat. From the time incubation commences for the two eggs, they will hatch 17 days later.

Female pigeons can reach sexual maturity as early as 7 months of age. Pigeons build a flimsy platform nest of straw and sticks, put on a ledge, under cover, often located on the window ledges of buildings. Eight to 12 days after mating, the females lay 1 to 3 (usually 2) white eggs which hatch after 18 days.

Pigeons typically ake arbout 17 to 19 days to lay eggs for the first time. This can depend on the specific species of pigeon the individual bird's health and environment the pigeon lives in.

Pigeons will mate then 15 to 18 days will produce eggs. Generally the first of the two is laid around day 16 then the second around day 18. If you don't want them to hatch a day apart as well… I suggest removing the egg untill the Second is laid. Yes it is fertile but won't hatch without incubation. You can store it in a cool dark area for 2 days with no issue to the fetus. This will make it where she nests them for the same amount of time. Giving both squabs an equal for development in the egg and growth after hatching. Hatching happens around 21 days after the second egg Is laid. Hope this helps.

Pegions or Doves are very interested and intelligent birds which always mate for life. Pegions reach its sexual maturity at the age of 5 to 6 months .(Male usually 4 to 5).

Sexual life of pegions.

1. Firstly a matured single male pegion dance and coo in front of a single female pegion.Male pegion is trying to attract or impress the female pegion. It happens several time in a single day. Male always follow female bird.
2. If the female is impressed with the Male pegion then she starts friendship bond with the male , otherwise not interested she pecks the male or avoid him or flew for his life.
3. Then the male and female pegion create a bond. They fly,eat,drink and roost together. Male always protect female from another male.Female also peck another female birds that come to the male.
4. Then male and female start courtship. Male feed the female and then they mate. It happens several time a day .
5. Few days after mating the male bird search for a good nesting site. After getting the place , he coos and calls the female.( Note: Female is not interested or not reaching near male when he calls means that she is not ready for laying.) if the female is interested then they start to build the nest.
6. Male collet nesting materials and give it to female. Female build the nest. Nest making process take 4 to 6 days to complete.
7. 10 to 15 days after mating , female start laying eggs (2 white eggs).
8. Incubation period is 16 to 19 days. Male is on day shift. Female is on night shift.
9. After hatching , both parents feed crop milk(pegion milk) to squabs for 1 week.
10. 3 weeks later the mother lays next clutch eggs. At that time she pecks her chicks. Male help the chiks to fly and also help them to find food and water.

Pigeons typically lay one or two eggs per clutch, with the eggs laid one to two days apart. The time it takes for a pigeon to lay an egg after mating can vary depending on factors such as the individual bird's reproductive cycle, environmental conditions, and breeding habits.

In general, once a pair of pigeons has mated and begun the breeding process, the female pigeon (hen) will typically lay the first egg of the clutch within 1 to 3 days after mating. The second egg, if laid, is typically laid within 1 to 2 days after the first egg.

After laying the eggs, both the male and female pigeons take turns incubating the eggs for a period of about 17 to 19 days until the eggs hatch. During this time, the pigeons will share incubation duties, with one bird incubating the eggs while the other forages for food.

It's important to note that the exact timing of egg laying and incubation can vary among individual pigeons and may be influenced by factors such as the availability of nesting sites, food availability, and environmental conditions. Additionally, some pigeon breeds may have slightly different reproductive behaviors and timelines compared to others.

Yes. They need a nest to lay their eggs, and keep them safe. The male builds a nest while trying to find a mate, but very slowly, which gets the females attention, and if she decides that it’s a nice home, and she likes the area, she’ll fly over, and they’ll start building together. At this point, the male will pass objects to the female, and she’ll start putting the nest together. Pigeons mate for life, so they will live in that spot together forever :) they then have babies, and take turns caring for the eggs. The male will sit on the eggs in the daytime, and the female at night. The pigeons will have about ten babies every year, which are called squabs. If one pigeon dies, are they are separated, the pigeon that is left will try to find a new mate, as they don’t like to be alone. Building a nest and raising their young is a two person job! I hope this helped :)

A common sight in urban areas around the world, the pigeon is not native to North America. Rather, pigeons were introduced into North America in the early 1600’s. City buildings and window ledges mimic the rocky cliffs originally inhabited by their ancient ancestors in Europe.

REPRODUCTION

• Pigeons are monogamous and typically mate for life.
• Female pigeons can reach sexual maturity as early as 7 months of age.
• Pigeons build a flimsy platform nest of straw and sticks, put on ledge, under cover, often located on the window ledges of buildings.
• Eight to 12 days after mating, the females lay 1 to 3 (usually 2) white eggs which hatch after 18 days.
• Condition at Hatching: Helpless, with sparse yellow or white down.
• Chicks fledge (leave the nest) in 25-32 days (45 days in midwinter).
• The male provides nesting material and guards the female and the nest.
• The young are fed pigeon milk, a liquid/solid substance secreted in the crop of the adult (both male and female) which is regurgitated.
• More eggs are laid before the first clutch leaves the nest.
• Breeding may occur at all seasons, but peak reproduction occurs in the spring and fall. A population of pigeons usually consists of equal numbers of males and females. When populations suddenly decrease, pigeon production increases and will soon replenish the flock.
• In captivity, pigeons commonly live up to 15 years and sometimes longer. In urban populations, however, pigeons seldom live more than 3 or 4 years. Natural mortality factors, such as predation by mammals and other birds, diseases, and stress due to lack of food and water, reduce pigeon populations by approximately 30% annually.
• SOURCE:

I think about 12 days. Here are the two hatches from a nesting on my balcony. The mama doesn’t incubate for long.

It takes around 18 days from being laid to hatching. And the squab (baby) will hatch itself over the course of 24 hours.

Initially it will break a small hole in the shell and over the course of the day it will break its way out of the shell.

The parents don’t need to help it as the baby will make its own way out. Trying to help it can actually injure the baby since it won’t break its umbilical cord from the egg shell membrane until it’s ready so the parents will stay on or near the nest to protect the baby but otherwise won’t intervene. That umbilical cord keeps the squab receiving nutrients from the remainder of the yolk and membrane from the egg until it has fully hatched.

Once the baby is hatched the parents will remove the egg shell and drop it away from the nest so as not to attract predators.

The squab will dry out and rest for around 12 hours after hatching. The parents will keep it warm by sitting on it and once it’s dried and sitting up they will start feeding it crop milk.

Both parents share the job of incubating the egg and babies and feeding the young as both parents produce crop milk.

They take it in turns so they can eat and drink as normal. The hen will usually sit on the nest in the evening, over night and morning and the cock will relieve her mid morning until evening when they swap back. This allows both parents to eat and get water and exercise or hang around with their peers.

Usually the cock will sleep near the nest as well keeping an eye on everything.

Once the squab reaches around 7–10 days old tje parents will spend more time off the nest as the baby can now keep itself warm as it’s feathers are coming in.

At around 4–5 weeks the baby will be learning to fly and getting ready to leave the nest and starting to learn to eat seeds and feed itself.

If one of your pigeons consistently lays eggs but abandons the nest after 10 to 13 days without any signs of incubation or hatching, there are several potential reasons for this behavior. Here are some steps you can take to address the situation:

1. **Assess Nesting Conditions**: Evaluate the nesting area to ensure that it provides suitable conditions for egg incubation and chick rearing. Check for factors such as nest stability, protection from predators, adequate nesting material, and proper temperature and humidity levels. Make any necessary adjustments to improve the nesting environment and enhance the chances of successful breeding.

2. **Check for Infertile Eggs**: If the eggs laid by your pigeon consistently fail to hatch after 10 to 13 days, it is possible that they are infertile or otherwise non-viable. You can carefully inspect the eggs to determine if they show any signs of embryonic development, such as veins or movement inside the egg. Infertile eggs may appear clear, translucent, or unfertilized when candled with a bright light.

3. **Provide Calcium and Nutrition**: Ensure that your pigeons have access to a balanced diet that includes essential nutrients, vitamins, and minerals, especially calcium. Calcium is crucial for eggshell formation and overall reproductive health in birds. Consider offering supplemental sources of calcium, such as crushed eggshells or commercial calcium supplements, to support egg production and shell quality.

4. **Monitor Pigeon Behavior**: Observe your pigeons closely to identify any signs of stress, illness, or disruption that may be affecting their breeding behavior. Factors such as disturbances from predators, noisy environments, changes in routine, or interactions with other birds can disrupt nesting behavior and lead to nest abandonment. Minimize disturbances and provide a calm, quiet environment to promote successful breeding.

5. **Consult with a Veterinarian**: If your pigeons continue to exhibit abnormal breeding behavior despite your efforts to address potential issues, consider consulting with a veterinarian who specializes in avian medicine. A veterinarian can conduct a thorough health assessment of your pigeons, perform diagnostic tests, and provide personalized recommendations for managing reproductive issues and promoting optimal breeding success.

6. **Consider Breeding Pairs**: If you have multiple pigeons and are interested in breeding them, consider pairing compatible birds together to increase the likelihood of successful breeding outcomes. Choose birds that are healthy, mature, and compatible in temperament and behavior. Providing suitable nesting sites and environmental enrichment can also encourage pair bonding and breeding behavior in pigeons.

By taking proactive measures to address potential issues and create optimal breeding conditions for your pigeons, you can increase the likelihood of successful egg incubation and chick rearing. If you continue to experience difficulties or have concerns about your pigeons' breeding behavior, seek guidance from avian experts or experienced pigeon breeders for additional support and advice.

Pigeon eggs take 18/19 days to hatch with both parents incubating the eggs. Young dependant pigeons are commonly known as ‘squabs’.
Both parents feed the young with a special ‘pigeon milk’ that is regurgitated and fed to the squabs. Each squab can double its birth weight in one day but it takes 3 days before the heart starts beating and 4 days for the eyes to open.
Pigeon Squab -
3 Days Old
When squabs are hungry they ‘squeak’ whilst flapping their wings and as a result they are also commonly known as ‘squeakers’.

Pigeon Squabs -
10 Days Old
At approximately 2 months of age the young are ready to fledge and leave the nest. This longer-than-average time spent in the nest ensures that the life expectancy of a juvenile pigeon is far greater than that of other fledglings.

This is from a pest control company, and I take it with a grain of salt after seeing so much misinformation on other pest control websites. I think their information on this is correct though. The boldfacing is my addition.

A pigeon pair mates for life. Although they can breed year-round, especially in warm regions, in most areas there are two primary breeding seasons: March to June, and again in August to November. In general, eggs hatch 18 days after being laid and eggs for a second clutch are laid about 46 days after the previous clutch. In summer, there may be an overlap of clutches, with eggs of a second brood being laid in the nest before eggs of the first have hatched.

https://www.pctonline.com/article/pigeon-nesting-and-breeding-habits/#:~:text=Although%20they%20can%20breed%20year,days%20after%20the%20previous%20clutch.

I did, however, find a report of domestic pigeons breeding in November–December in factory buildings of Finland:
Häkkinen, I. L. M. A. R. I., M. I. K. K. O. Jokinen, and J. O. H. A. N. Tast. "The winter breeding of the feral pigeon Columba livia domestica at Tampere in 1972/1973." Ornis Fennica 50.2 (1973): 83-88.

Second-brood pigeon nestlings, nearly ready to fledge. Location unknown.

There are so many unwanted, disabled and abandoned pigeons, that there is no need for “breeders”. Given enough food and space, pigeons are naturally fairly prolific, and don't need a breeder, and I dread to think what happens when the breeder has overcrowding issues with unsold pigeons. Spare a thought for the parent pigeon who is laying all these eggs at great cost to their health. Also, pigeons are born in twos and are generally very sensitive creatures until they reach maturity. Their whole growing up period and their difficult first year, is softened by the existence of their nest mate who is exactly the same age and mental frame of mind as they are. I recommend neither messing around with eggs, breeders or forcing a young pigeon to grow up alone.

In answer to your question, however, it depends on the age of the egg. A newly laid egg isn't necessarily incubated for the first day or so. An older egg that is cooled or disturbed might result in dead in the shell or lifelong development problems. Possibly another reason why pigeons are so protective of their eggs.

Put the pair in a cage for individual pairs with a nest bowl, this stopped my pigeons from laying eggs & abandoning their clutch and sit on their eggs for 18 days til they hatch, this has worked for two pairs of pigeons I have, one pair are Jos Thones from the UK, I paid $350 each pigeon, it’s important that they incubate their eggs.

A pigeon lays 2 eggs, typically.

I rescued a wild hen with a broken wing just over a year ago and she is like clockwork.

She will try to get me to mate with her (the slightest move…if I walk by her, talk to her, etc. she starts calling me…even in the middle of the night-she's inside with me). During the egg formation, her poop is very watery and quite a mess. Her tail will be kept low for the 4 or so days of formation (must be tender on her tummy to hold it up). She gets quite warm, so keep a fan/fresh circulating air for yours.

If I pet her(this is the ONLY time I'm allowed to touch her), if I don't pet her, either way, an egg is laid within 4 or so days. After this, she no longer calls to me, but gives me the “get away from me” koo koo r koo koo warning. Usually egg #2 comes within 48 hrs. She will sit on them for about 22 days (during which, she holds her poop in all night and goes in the morning-almost a fist sized dropping). She then will lose interest, and IMMEDIATELY go back into heat (for lack of a better term).

When matured and paired, a female pigeon will lay 2 eggs and start incubation which lasts for 18–20 days. After the eggs hatch, both male and female will feed the babies and raise them. In the meantime when the age of the baby is nearly 15–20 days, the female gathers nesting materials to lay eggs again. So in this method you may get 12–13 pair of eggs from a pair of pigeon. But this type of frequent egg laying is very harmful as well as stressful for them. So most breeders keep their pigeon in rest by exchanging the 2nd pair eggs with plastic eggs. This will allow the pigeon to rest for a couple of month, as raising a pair of babies is heck of a job.

Pigeons are unique in that they produce a kind of milk for their young from a secretion in their oesophagus. This is not yet very like mammalian milk and is more like cottage cheese, but is rich in protein and fats and it tastes like chicken. Usually produced as a result of feasting on farmers’ crops, it is known as “crop milk”.

This means that they could, in theory, not even lay eggs at all but develop in their future evolution like mammals giving birth to live young. This could occur in the future a million or even billion years from now as a second rise of new mammals (or “nammals”) destined to make today’s mammals the dinosaurs of the future.

Then they would be like human beings, needing to have sex about 200 times per baby, but as it is, once is probably enough to fertilise their eggs. And even if they don’t get laid, even on a Saturday night, they will lay some anyway, but these eggs will simply go to waste and eventually will start to smell, if the magpies don’t get them first.

Pigeons usually lay their first egg at 5 to 6 months of age. From the day one of hatching, it takes around five to six months for a female pigeon to lay the first egg. Some species may take a bit long, but the general case is to lay eggs within five to six months.

Normally a pigeon can lay eggs twelve times a year, that means you are supposed to get 24 eggs a year. You may say, getting two eggs every month is possible.

But it would be quite unreasonable to say that it is possible to get 24 pigeons out of 24 eggs. Because many eggs may not end up getting hatched. You may find many eggs infertile or probably may get lesser eggs.

But the usual scenario is that you will see them laying eggs constantly with a break of one month in-between approximately.

Yes they do.

I live in a pent house and there are no adjacent buildings on one side. Also the Windows have a grill with a padding just big enough to let a pigeon in.

At First only the mother pigeon had taken a place on top my cupboard. She made a cardboard box her home. She then started to lay eggs. Only one this time and a few days later there was a father pigeon coming by to check on things. Once the baby pigeon was born both mother and father pigeon would visit only to feed the little one about 3-4 times a day.
Once the little pigeon was big enough to fly it flew away. I thought it was the end of the pigeon noises in the room.
But no ! The mother pigeon was back and this time it's two eggs in the same place and the father was a different pigeon. This was a few days back .
Presently the mother pigeon is laying eggs again I'm curious to see if the father pigeon is a familiar one or not.

It depends on the kind of bird.

Also, it depends to some extent on when incubation begins. An egg can remain viable without being incubated for some time, the embryo just won’t grow. There are various reasons why different bird species do or do not begin incubation as soon as an egg is laid, but the important thing to remember is that it’s the length of the incubation period that matters, not the total time between laying and hatching—the time between laying and the start of incubation doesn’t count.

Songbirds typically require about 15 days of incubation to hatch, though it varies by species. Songbirds do not begin incubation until all or almost all of the eggs are laid, so even though the eggs are laid on different days (birds usually can’t lay more than one a day), incubation for all of them begins on the same day. That means the whole brood hatches out at the same time, which gives them all an equal chance of living to grow up. The young birds then need about two or three weeks in the nest before they achieve adult size and flight capability. In most species, the parents provide a few more days or weeks of care after the young learn to fly as well. Curiously, however long incubation is in a songbird species, the nestling period is usually about the same length, and both are usually about two weeks, whereas the post-fledging dependency period varies wildly—could be anywhere from a few days to several months.

Other groups of birds can have very different incubation periods. Bigger birds usually take longer (though hummingbirds take longer than many songbirds), and seabirds take longer than land-birds. Very large seabirds can require months of incubation—the emperor penguin incubates his eggs (yes, his; females don’t incubate) literally all winter.

As for how I know this, a few years ago I was hired to write the text for a bird-watching app. It’s slow-going, but I’m still at it. I’ve therefore read descriptions of almost three thousand bird species. I don’t remember most of the details, but I do notice patterns.

In general with birds, the weight of an egg, its color, and the cessation of internal movement are what informs the mother that the embryo is dead. But a broody mother can try to incubate a dead egg for some time. Brooding is a powerful instinct. And of course that’s how cuckoos and other species can get another species to incubate their eggs. Some hens will incubate inanimate objects they’ve plucked off the ground, so powerful is the drive to brood. And my friends with chicken coops have to remove dead eggs with some regularity, that the hens won’t abandon.

But yes, there are signs that most species can spot, and eventually the mother gives up.

The number of eggs a pigeon can lay in a year varies depending on factors such as environmental conditions, breeding season length, and individual reproductive capacity. Pigeons are capable of breeding throughout the year, especially in regions with mild climates and abundant food sources. However, the number of breeding cycles and eggs produced by a single pigeon may be influenced by several factors:

1. **Breeding Season Length**: In temperate regions, pigeons typically breed during the spring and summer months when temperatures are warmer and food sources are plentiful. Breeding activity may decline or cease during the winter months when conditions are less favorable for raising young. In contrast, pigeons in tropical or subtropical regions may breed year-round due to consistent environmental conditions.

2. **Environmental Factors**: Pigeon breeding behavior is influenced by factors such as daylight length, temperature, and food availability. Longer days and warmer temperatures stimulate hormonal changes in pigeons, triggering breeding behavior and egg production. Adequate food and nesting sites are also essential for successful breeding, as they provide the resources needed to support egg laying, incubation, and chick rearing.

3. **Reproductive Cycle**: Female pigeons, known as hens, typically lay one or two eggs per clutch, although clutches of up to four eggs have been reported in some cases. The interval between clutches varies depending on factors such as incubation period, chick rearing time, and parental care responsibilities. After a clutch is laid and incubated, the hen may lay additional clutches throughout the breeding season, with intervals of several weeks between each clutch.

4. **Individual Variation**: The reproductive capacity of individual pigeons may vary based on factors such as age, health, genetics, and previous breeding experience. Young, healthy pigeons may be more prolific breeders than older or less robust individuals. Additionally, experienced breeding pairs may exhibit more efficient nesting behavior and produce more offspring over time.

While it is difficult to provide an exact number of eggs a pigeon can lay in a year, it is not uncommon for pigeons to produce multiple clutches throughout the breeding season under optimal conditions. With each successful clutch, a hen may lay one to two eggs, leading to the potential for several clutches over the course of a year. However, the total number of eggs laid by a single pigeon may vary widely depending on environmental factors and individual reproductive behavior.

After it lays an egg, then the following day it lays another egg, then the mated begin sitting on the eggs, the male during the day & the female takes over in the evening for an 18 day period when they begin to hatch, the babie pigeons are called squabs. Whitepalomaservice.com