1 00:00:17,490 --> 00:00:22,360 In the previous video, we have discussed how Anker PowerIQ works. 2 00:00:22,360 --> 00:00:26,110 But how do Qualcomm Quick charge and MediaTek Pump Express work? 3 00:00:26,110 --> 00:00:28,400 What is spare current charging? 4 00:00:28,400 --> 00:00:31,270 What is current modulation? 5 00:00:31,270 --> 00:00:34,750 All of these questions will be answered in this video. 6 00:00:34,750 --> 00:00:40,010 If there is anything unclear about the following video, or if you have any suggestions, do 7 00:00:40,010 --> 00:00:43,090 not hesitate to leave a comment! 8 00:00:43,090 --> 00:00:48,100 Qualcomm Quick Charge and MediaTek Pump Express are protocols through which a mobile phone 9 00:00:48,100 --> 00:00:53,489 communicates to a charger in order to request a different voltage than five volts, either 10 00:00:53,489 --> 00:00:57,989 to increase the charging efficiency at higher currents by matching the internal battery 11 00:00:57,989 --> 00:01:04,449 voltage of the phone, also known from Huawei SuperCharge, or for the main reason: 12 00:01:04,449 --> 00:01:10,210 The idea for the Quick Charge protocol originated before USB-C, which supports five ampère 13 00:01:10,210 --> 00:01:13,650 of current, was common in mobile phones. 14 00:01:13,650 --> 00:01:18,300 Due to the limited current the former USB-B connector could handle, they had to increase 15 00:01:18,300 --> 00:01:23,539 another variable to increase the total charging wattage, which is the voltage. 16 00:01:23,539 --> 00:01:28,250 A higher voltage at the same current does increase the power throughput without producing 17 00:01:28,250 --> 00:01:31,979 any additional heat inside the copper wires of the USB cable. 18 00:01:31,979 --> 00:01:36,799 This elevated voltage gets converted down to the Lithium-Ion or Lithium-Polymer battery 19 00:01:36,799 --> 00:01:42,439 charging voltage of around four point three volts inside the phone using an integrated 20 00:01:42,439 --> 00:01:44,030 buck converter. 21 00:01:44,030 --> 00:01:48,490 The two early standards for requesting an elevated voltage from the power supply were 22 00:01:48,490 --> 00:01:52,759 Qualcomm Quick Charging and MediaTek Pump Express. 23 00:01:52,759 --> 00:01:58,079 While Qualcomm's protocol communicates to the charger utilizing the USB data lanes, 24 00:01:58,079 --> 00:02:03,260 the original version of MediaTek PumpExpress utilized the main power lines themselves for 25 00:02:03,260 --> 00:02:08,670 communication, by toggling the current drawing in specific intervals that represent information 26 00:02:08,670 --> 00:02:11,590 interpreted by the power supply. 27 00:02:11,590 --> 00:02:14,090 Also known as current modulation. 28 00:02:14,090 --> 00:02:20,030 The first widespread version of Qualcomm quick charging was version two point zero. 29 00:02:20,030 --> 00:02:26,970 It originally only supported the voltage steps of five volts, nine volts and twelve volts. 30 00:02:26,970 --> 00:02:30,470 Pump Express version one supported a seven-volt level in between. 31 00:02:30,470 --> 00:02:36,710 There was a so-called Revision B of Qualcomm Quick Charge two point zero, adding a twenty-volt 32 00:02:36,710 --> 00:02:42,120 mode for future-proofness and support for laptops, also covering the usual fifteen-volt 33 00:02:42,120 --> 00:02:44,530 requirement of larger tablets. 34 00:02:44,530 --> 00:02:50,860 However, the charging protocols soon were revised into the next round in 2016. 35 00:02:50,860 --> 00:02:55,900 Pump Express two point zero now had a voltage range of five to twenty volts with half-volt 36 00:02:55,900 --> 00:03:00,690 steps, while Qualcomm Quick Charge had threee point six volts to twenty two at fifth volt 37 00:03:00,690 --> 00:03:02,400 steps. 38 00:03:02,400 --> 00:03:08,590 Pump Express version three works in a similar way as Huawei SuperCharge and OnePlus DashCharge, 39 00:03:08,590 --> 00:03:14,420 where the mobile phone requests voltage adjustments from the charger, until the voltage that arrives 40 00:03:14,420 --> 00:03:19,520 at the mobile phone matches the battery's internal voltage as accurately as possible. 41 00:03:19,520 --> 00:03:24,110 This reduces heat production by removing the need for coarse voltage regulation of high 42 00:03:24,110 --> 00:03:27,200 currents inside of the mobile phone. 43 00:03:27,200 --> 00:03:32,320 More and more mobile phone manufacturers are implementing USB-C power delivery, which does 44 00:03:32,320 --> 00:03:37,950 not use either of current modulation or data lanes for communication to the power supply, 45 00:03:37,950 --> 00:03:43,870 but rather the dedicated power delivery communication lane of double-ending USB-C cables. 46 00:03:43,870 --> 00:03:49,640 However, there is a serious limitation common in many mobile phones, deliberately induced 47 00:03:49,640 --> 00:03:55,820 by manufacturers: While the mobile phone is being utilized, the charging speed gets drastically 48 00:03:55,820 --> 00:04:00,230 reduced, rendering fast charging temporarily ineffective. 49 00:04:00,230 --> 00:04:05,180 The correct way to do is, which is how laptops have been doing it since ever, is the spare 50 00:04:05,180 --> 00:04:10,730 current method, where the charging speed is unaffected by device usage, because the device 51 00:04:10,730 --> 00:04:15,870 utilizes the spare output power of the power supply to power the device components while 52 00:04:15,870 --> 00:04:35,009 maintaining the original fast charging speed.