Dental Caries
Dental caries, commonly known as tooth decay or cavities, is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Despite its high incidence, many aspects of dental caries remain misunderstood by the general public. This article delves into what dental caries are, their causes, prevention, and treatment.
What Are Dental Caries?
Dental caries are permanent damage to the hard tissues of the teeth caused by the acids produced by bacteria in the mouth. These bacteria ferment sugars from food particles, producing lactic acid, which then erodes tooth enamel. If left unchecked, caries can progress through the enamel into the dentin and potentially reach the pulp, leading to more severe issues like infection or tooth loss.
Causes of Dental Caries
Bacterial Activity: The primary culprit behind caries is Streptococcus mutans, although other bacteria contribute. These bacteria thrive on sugars and starches, converting them into acids.
Diet: Diets high in sugars and refined carbohydrates significantly increase the risk of caries. Frequent snacking or sipping sugary drinks provides continuous fuel for bacteria.
Oral Hygiene: Inadequate brushing and flossing allow plaque to build up, which is a biofilm of bacteria that accelerates tooth decay.
Saliva: Saliva helps neutralize acid produced by bacteria and contains minerals…
