I. Introduction
In the digital age and the widespread use of social media, images play a crucial role in information transmission and communication. The rapid development of digital image processing technology and computer vision has increased the number of digitally altered images. This has raised concerns about the authenticity of digital images, as it is now possible to create fake photos that are indistinguishable from real ones. Therefore, research on the capability to detect and localize fake images is highly urgent and significant.