人
 | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| ||||||||
Translingual
[edit]| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
Alternative forms
[edit]Han character
[edit]
人 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+0, 2 strokes, cangjie input 人 (O), four-corner 80000, composition ⿸丿㇏)
- Kangxi radical #9, ⼈.
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 91, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 344
- Dae Jaweon: page 190, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 101, character 10
- Unihan data for U+4EBA
Chinese
[edit]
Glyph origin
[edit]| more ▼Historical forms of the character 人 | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Hanjian (compiled in Song) | Guwen Sishengyun (compiled in Song) | Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) | Tang Stone Classics | Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing) | |||||
| Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Odd character | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script | Regular script | Ming typeface |
 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Pictogram (象形) – side view of a standing man, highlighting the arms and legs. Compare 大.
Etymology 1
[edit]| simp. and trad. | 人 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | ||
Sagart (1999) relates it to Tibetan ཉེན (nyen, “relative”), from ཉེ (nye, “near”) + nominalizing suffix -n; if so, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-naːj ~ s-nej (“near”).
Schuessler (2007) proposes two etymologies:
- Same etymon as 仁 (OC *njin, “to be kind; to be good”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/k-niŋ (“heart; brain; mind”). The semantic association of 仁 with 人 was somewhat late, dated to Mencius's time; later on, 仁 would be usually interpreted as "humane, acting like a human being".
- Related to Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɲaʔ ~ *ɲah (“person”) with a nominalizing suffix -n, from the auto-ethnonym of a hostile, possibly Austroasiatic-speaking, eastern people, whom the Sinitic-speaking Shang referred to as 人方 (OC *njin paŋ).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ren2
- (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): rén
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): жын (řɨn, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): nyin4 / liin4
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): reng1
- Northern Min (KCR): nêng
- Eastern Min (BUC): ìng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ren2more ▼
- Dialectal datamore ▼
- Middle Chinese: nyinmore ▼
- Old Chinesemore ▼
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ni[ŋ]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*njin/
Definitions
[edit]人
- man; person; people (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 隻／只 h) quotations ▼
- a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er
- body
- everybody; everyone
- other people; others quotations ▼
- physical, psychological or moral quality or condition; character; personality (Classifier: 份 c; 個／个 c)
- manpower; worker; employee
- talent; person of talent
- (obsolete) common people; commoner quotations ▼
- adult; grown-up
- artificial; man-made
- (fantasy, mythology) were- (indicates a person who changes shape into an animal)
- (Cantonese) used as a dummy pronoun; someone; others
- (Zhao'an Hakka) pluralizes a personal pronoun
- 𠊎人、你人、佢人 [Zhao'an Hakka, trad. and simp.]
- ngai` ngin`, hen` ngin`, gui` ngin` [Taiwanese Hakka Romanization System]
- we, you all, they
- (obsolete) sexual intercourse
- (obsolete) company; companion; friend
- (obsolete) human affairs; ways of the world
- (obsolete) mortal world; earthly word
- (obsolete) Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “kernel”)
- (obsolete) Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “charity”)
- (obsolete) Alternative form of 仁 (rén, “loving; kind”)
- (Beijing Mandarin) Lenition of 人家 (rénjia).
- (Taishanese) paternal grandmother
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]| simp. and trad. | 人 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 儂／侬 𠆧 | |
The Min native word for “person”; used as a replacement character for 儂／侬. It is historically attested for Hokkien in the Arte de la Lengua Chiõ Chiu (1620) and Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum (1626-1642).[1][2] Use of 人 for Hokkien is recommended by Taiwan's Ministry of Education (ROC MOE).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Eastern Min (BUC): nè̤ng
- Southern Min
Definitions
[edit]人 (Coastal Min)
- man; person; people; human being; Homo sapiens (Classifier: 個／个 mn; 隻／只 md)
- a person associated with a particular identity or trait; -er
- 臺灣人／台湾人 [Hokkien] ― Tâi-oân-lâng [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― Taiwanese
- physical, psychological or moral quality or condition
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]Definitions
[edit]人 (Coastal Min)
Synonyms
[edit]- (Mandarin) 人家
References
[edit]- ^ Dictionario Hispánico-Sinicum[1] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish, Hokkien, and Classical Mandarin), kept as Vocabulario Español-Chino con caracteres chinos (TOMO 215) in the University of Santo Tomás Archives, Manila: Dominican Order of Preachers, 1626-1642; republished as Lee, Fabio Yuchung (李毓中), Chen, Tsung-jen (陳宗仁), José, Regalado Trota, Caño, José Luis Ortigosa, editors, Hokkien Spanish Historical Document Series I: Dictionario Hispanico Sinicum[2], Hsinchu: National Tsing Hua University Press, 2018, →ISBN
- ^ Mançano, Melchior, Feyjoó, Raymundo (1620) Arte de la Lengua Chiõ Chiu[3], Manila; Biblioteca Patrimonial Digital edition, Barcelona: Universitat de Barcelona, Centre de Recursos per a l'Aprenentatge i la Investigació, 2015
Further reading
[edit]- “人”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[6], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00068
- “Entry #52”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: にん (nin, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: じん (jin, Jōyō)
- Kun: ひと (hito, 人, Jōyō)、り (ri, 人)
- Nanori: きよ (kiyo)、さね (sane)、じ (ji)、たみ (tami)、と (to)、ね (ne)、ひこ (hiko)、ひとし (hitoshi)、ふと (futo)、ふみ (fumi)、むと (muto)、め (me)
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 人 |
| ひと Grade: 1 |
| kun'yomi |
⟨pi1to2⟩ → */pʲitə/ → /fito/ → /hito/ → /çito/
From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *pitə.
First attested in the Kojiki of 712 CE.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]
- a person, human
- an individual synonym ▲
- Synonym: 個人 (kojin)
- mankind, people synonyms ▲
- character, personality synonyms ▲
- an average person synonym ▲
- Synonym: 世人 (sejin, yohito)
- (law) legal person
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}. synonyms ▲ - This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}. - an adult synonyms ▲
- someone (else)
- 人の物を盗む
- hito no mono onusumu
- to steal someone's things; to steal people's things
- 人の物を盗む
Usage notes
[edit]- When scientifically referring to humans, this term is often spelled in katakana, as ヒト.
- From Old Japanese or Middle Japanese development, hito is sometimes shifted to -uto, -udo, -to, -tto, or -do.
Derived terms
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.: you
Etymology 2
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired. From The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing. Compare Shanghainese nyin.
Pronunciation
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- a personality
- the role of that person
Derived terms
[edit]Counter
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Affix
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 3
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired. From The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare The time allocated for running scripts has expired..
Pronunciation
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Suffix
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- person from that group
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- person who does the activity of the suffixed word
Usage notes
[edit]When compounding, makes the accent fall on the The time allocated for running scripts has expired. immediately before itself. For example:
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.) + The time allocated for running scripts has expired. → The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.)
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. + The time allocated for running scripts has expired. → The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.)
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.) + The time allocated for running scripts has expired. → The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.; The time allocated for running scripts has expired. is a The time allocated for running scripts has expired., therefore accentless)
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. + The time allocated for running scripts has expired. → The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.; The time allocated for running scripts has expired. is a The time allocated for running scripts has expired., therefore accentless)
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. + The time allocated for running scripts has expired. → The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired.; The time allocated for running scripts has expired. is a The time allocated for running scripts has expired., therefore accentless)
There is one notable exception:
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired./The time allocated for running scripts has expired.) + The time allocated for running scripts has expired. → The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (The time allocated for running scripts has expired./The time allocated for running scripts has expired.)
Derived terms
[edit]Affix
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- man
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.: artificial, synthetic
Etymology 4
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired. From The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. The protoform may have been -ri or -tari, see The time allocated for running scripts has expired..
Counter
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
See also
[edit]| Japanese number-counter combinations for The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. |
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. |
| 20 | 100 | 1,000 | 10,000 | How many? |
| The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. | The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. |
References
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Hanja
[edit]
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, The time allocated for running scripts has expired.. [7]
Kunigami
[edit]Kanji
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Miyako
[edit]Kanji
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Okinawan
[edit]Kanji
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Compounds
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 1
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 2
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.: Yaeyamans, Yaeyama people
Etymology 3
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.: public servant, civil servant, government official
Counter
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 4
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Counter
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Etymology 5
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Counter
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Derived terms
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Vietnamese
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Han character
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. form of The time allocated for running scripts has expired..
- The time allocated for running scripts has expired. The time allocated for running scripts has expired. form of The time allocated for running scripts has expired..
Compounds
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
References
[edit]Yaeyama
[edit]Kanji
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Yonaguni
[edit]Kanji
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Readings
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Pronunciation
[edit]- The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
Noun
[edit]The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
The time allocated for running scripts has expired.
- Character boxes with images
- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
- Kangxi Radicals block
- Han character radicals
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- CJKV radicals
- Han pictograms
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Dungan lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Sichuanese hanzi
- Dungan hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Taishanese hanzi
- Gan hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Jin hanzi
- Northern Min hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Xiang hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Dungan nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Sichuanese adjectives
- Dungan adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Taishanese adjectives
- Gan adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Jin adjectives
- Northern Min adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
- Teochew adjectives
- Wu adjectives
- Xiang adjectives
- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese pronouns
- Mandarin pronouns
- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Sichuanese proper nouns
- Dungan proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Taishanese proper nouns
- Gan proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Jin proper nouns
- Northern Min proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Xiang proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Old Chinese proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 人
- Chinese nouns classified by 個/个
- Chinese nouns classified by 隻/只
- Mandarin terms with collocations
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Hokkien terms with quotations
- Cantonese terms with collocations
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Chinese nouns classified by 份
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- zh:Fantasy
- zh:Mythology
- Cantonese Chinese
- Zhao'an Hakka
- Hakka terms with collocations
- Beijing Mandarin
- Taishanese Chinese
- Chinese surnames
- Hokkien terms with audio links
- Hokkien terms with collocations
- Hokkien terms with usage examples
- Eastern Min pronouns
- Hokkien pronouns
- Teochew pronouns
- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:Hominids
- zh:People
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese first grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading にん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading じん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひと
- Japanese kanji with kun reading り
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading きよ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading さね
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading じ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading たみ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading と
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ね
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひこ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ひとし
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ふと
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ふみ
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading むと
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading め
- Japanese terms spelled with 人 read as ひと
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms inherited from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms derived from Proto-Japonic
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 人
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- ja:Law
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- ja:People
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán