This standard has been revised as a result of the following changes:(1) a statement about hardness has been added. (Section 5.1)(2) expressions have been modified in part. (Table 3)(3) Fig. 1 has been added.
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TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD
NO.:
TSH5102G
TITLE:
Quenching and tempering
CLASS:
C1
Established/Revised:Rev. 6(Apr. 2017)
Prepared and Written by: Design Quality Innovation Div. TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION Metallic Material Dept.Inorganic Material Engineering Div.Copy
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Quenching and tempering
TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARDTSH5102G
1 / 6 Rev. 6 Apr. 2017
NOTES: The recipient of this standard shall undertake the following confidentiality obligations upon the receipt of this standard. - The recipient shall discard by shredding or fire, or return to Toyota Motor Corporation if appropriate, the documents contained in this standard when they are no longer necessary due to the termination of the work concerned or the revision of current version of this standard, - This standard and the technical information related thereto are owned by and under sole control of Toyota Motor Corporation. They shall not be disclosed in whole nor in part to ant third party without prior written consent of Toyota Motor Corporation.
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1.ScopeThis standard covers the quenching and tempering treatment of steel or cast iron parts to be used as automotive components and of their materials. However, special items such as bolts, nuts, springs, and washers are excluded since treatment techniques and strength requirements are specified in another standard or through a number.2.Definitions2.1Quenching"Quenching" shall refer to a process in which a component or material is heated for a period of time at an appropriate temperature higher than the transformation point and then rapidly cooled, to give it special hardness.2.2Tempering"Tempering" shall refer to a process of reheating, performed after quenching, at an appropriate temperature lower than the transformation point, to reduce the brittleness caused by quenching and obtain necessary hardness.3.ClassificationTypes of quenching-tempering processes and their codes are listed in Table 1.Table 1
Treatment codeDescriptionApplications (reference)TSH5102G-AQuenching in a protective atmosphere
(1)
followed usually by tempering at a low temperature
(2)
.Knock pins, etc.TSH5102G-BQuenching and temperingin a protective atmosphere performed after major machining processes are over.Ball joint studs, bolts, flatspring components, etc.TSH5102G-CQuenching and tempering performed usually before the machining processes. No protective atmosphere.Crankshafts, connecting rods, steering knuckles, chassis springs, etc.
Notes:(1)"Protective atmosphere" shall mean an atmosphere, usually made up of heat-absorbing gas, neutral salt bath, etc., used for preventing oxidation and decarbonization during the heating treatment.(2)"Tempering at a low temperature" shall mean a tempering treatment performed at a temperature of 250or lower to reduce the brittleness caused by quenching.(3)Heating treatment in the atmosphere is also acceptable as a way of tempering.
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NOTES: The recipient of this standard shall undertake the following confidentiality obligations upon the receipt of this standard. - The recipient shall discard by shredding or fire, or return to Toyota Motor Corporation if appropriate, the documents contained in this standard when they are no longer necessary due to the termination of the work concerned or the revision of current version of this standard, - This standard and the technical information related thereto are owned by and under sole control of Toyota Motor Corporation. They shall not be disclosed in whole nor in part to ant third party without prior written consent of Toyota Motor Corporation.
Rev. 6 Apr. 2017
TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD
TSH5102G
2 / 6
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4.Standard SpecificationsThe standard hardness of quenched and tempered structural steel and similar steel materials are listed in Table 2 together with the codes. For Class A, however, no standard specifications are provided. For Classes B and C, special hardness may also be specified, if necessary, beside the specifications provided in the table.Table 2
Treatment codeStandard hardness rangeHV (98 to 490 N)Other characteristics (Reference)HRCHBTensile strength (MPa)TSH5102G-ASpecified for individual materials---------TSH5102G-BTSH5102G-B7230 to 29020 to 28686 min.TSH5102G-B8260 to 32025 to 33784 min.TSH5102G-B9285 to 35029 to 36882 min.TSH5102G-B10310 to 37032 to 38980 min.TSH5102G-B11340 to 39034 to 391078 min.TSH5102G-B12370 to 44038 to 441176 min.TSH5102G-B13400 to 47041 to 471274 min.TSH5102G-B14430 to 50044 to 491372 min.TSH5102G-CSpecified for individual materials------TSH5102G-C7230 to 29020 to 28223 to 285686 min.TSH5102G-C8260 to 32025 to 33255 to 311784 min.TSH5102G-C9285 to 34029 to 35285 to 331882min.
Remarks:1. If a deviation in hardness occurs between different sites of the component due to its shape and size, the hardness specified in the table shall apply to the standard site of the component.2. Numerals at the end of the treatment numbers represent approx. one hundredth of the tensile strength value (MPa) in the reference column of the table.3.The values for HRC and HB are provided for reference purposes in the case of process management, etc. Their limits are intentionally made strict in consideration of possible calculation errors.4.Attention must be paid to TSH5102G-C9 since this treatment may even hamper machining.5.Qualities5.1Hardness After all machining processes are finished, the standard site
(4)
of the component specified in drawings should have the specified hardness down to the depth shown in Table 3.When essential, specifications other than those shown in Table 3 can be applied upon consultation with the parties concerned.Note (4):If a standard site is not specified in drawings, the functionally most important site of the component shall be used for it.
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NOTES: The recipient of this standard shall undertake the following confidentiality obligations upon the receipt of this standard. - The recipient shall discard by shredding or fire, or return to Toyota Motor Corporation if appropriate, the documents contained in this standard when they are no longer necessary due to the termination of the work concerned or the revision of current version of this standard, - This standard and the technical information related thereto are owned by and under sole control of Toyota Motor Corporation. They shall not be disclosed in whole nor in part to ant third party without prior written consent of Toyota Motor Corporation.
Rev.6 Apr.2017
TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARDTSH5102G
3 / 6
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Table 3TypeRegion of specified hardnessTSH5102G-A6 mm min. from the surfaceTSH5102G-BTSH5102G-C3 mm min. from the surface
Fig. 1 Depth-Hardness Relationship (Diagram)5.2Decarbonization and CarburizationThe tolerance for the decarbonization and the carburization of a component treated by quenching and tempering shall be as in Table 4. If necessary, however, it may be otherwise specified through consultations with the section(s) involved.Table 4
TypeFerrite decarburized depth (mm)Total decarburized depth (mm)Superficial hardness HV (98 N)TSH5102G-A------Hardness range wider than the prescribed lower and upper limits by 30 each
(5)
.TSH5102G-BTSH5102G-C0.05 max.0.30 max.---
Note (5):For TSH5102G-B9 (285 to 350 HV), for example, the surface hardness must be 255 to 380 HV10. For surface hardness of threaded components,however, the following requirement specified in Section 3 of TSB1001G shall apply:The Vickers surface hardness (HV10) of the product classified into the property class 8.8 to 13.9 shall be no more than 30 points higher or lower than the inside hardness. Additionally, the surface hardness of the product classified into the property class 10.9, 11.9 and 13.9 shall be no more than 390 HV, 400 HV, and 460 HV, respectively.
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NOTES: The recipient of this standard shall undertake the following confidentiality obligations upon the receipt of this standard. - The recipient shall discard by shredding or fire, or return to Toyota Motor Corporation if appropriate, the documents contained in this standard when they are no longer necessary due to the termination of the work concerned or the revision of current version of this standard, - This standard and the technical information related thereto are owned by and under sole control of Toyota Motor Corporation. They shall not be disclosed in whole nor in part to ant third party without prior written consent of Toyota Motor Corporation.
Rev.6 Apr.2017
TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARDTSH5102G
4 / 6
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5.3Metal Structure A quenched and tempered material should possess the intended normal metal structure, depending on the types of steel and treatment. The metal structure should be free from harmful defects such as substantial crystal grain growth.5.4AppearanceNo defects such as cracks and flaws and harmful oxide film should be observedon the surface.6.Test MethodsQuality characteristics specified in this standard should be tested according to the following.(1)HardnessFollow TSG2200G.(2)DecarbonizationFollow TSG2107G.(3)CarburizationFollow TSG2108G.7.Instructions in Drawings7.1Items to beSpecifiedSee Table 5 for the items to be specified in drawings and how to give instructions in drawings.Table 5Items to be specifiedMode of instructionRequiredTreatment type and specification
Upon necessityUpper and lower limits of hardness (except for standard specifications)Hardness: to HV(expressed in terms of Vickers hardness unless otherwise specified)Standard siteStandard site: siteOther characteristics, treatment conditions, etc.Describe in a suitable manner.
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NOTES: The recipient of this standard shall undertake the following confidentiality obligations upon the receipt of this standard. - The recipient shall discard by shredding or fire, or return to Toyota Motor Corporation if appropriate, the documents contained in this standard when they are no longer necessary due to the termination of the work concerned or the revision of current version of this standard, - This standard and the technical information related thereto are owned by and under sole control of Toyota Motor Corporation. They shall not be disclosed in whole nor in part to ant third party without prior written consent of Toyota Motor Corporation.
Rev.6 Apr.2017
TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARDTSH5102G
5 / 6
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7.2Examples of Instructions in DrawingsIn making a note in the heat treatment column of a drawing, follow the examples (1) to (3) below:(1)Instruction for the standard hardness range
(2)Instruction for a special hardness range
(3)Instruction for a standard site
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NOTES: The recipient of this standard shall undertake the following confidentiality obligations upon the receipt of this standard. - The recipient shall discard by shredding or fire, or return to Toyota Motor Corporation if appropriate, the documents contained in this standard when they are no longer necessary due to the termination of the work concerned or the revision of current version of this standard, - This standard and the technical information related thereto are owned by and under sole control of Toyota Motor Corporation. They shall not be disclosed in whole nor in part to ant third party without prior written consent of Toyota Motor Corporation.
Rev. 6 Apr. 2017
TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD
TSH5102G
6 / 6
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8.ReferenceIn giving an instruction in a drawing, refer to Table 6 for the standard specification to be chosen for a given combination of material, size and quenching-tempering treatment type.Table 6 (reference)
Steel classTreatment typeTSH5102G-BTSH5102G-CSize(mm)Mid-sizedOver 13 to 25 incl.Small-sized13 max.Large-sized
25 min.Mid-sizedOver 13 to 25 excl.Small-sized13 max.Carbon steelS4577, 8, 9---77S48S50------7S537, 8S557, 8 Alloy steelSCr408, 9, 108, 9, 107, 87, 8, 97, 8, 9SCM409, 10, 119, 10, 117, 8, 9
Remarks:1.Numbers in the table correspond to those at the end of the codes in Table 2.2.In determining the hardness specification for TSH5102G-A, consult the section(s) involved.3. In determining the hardness for free-cutting lead steel and free-cutting resulphurized steel, stretch the standard specifications designed for basic steels.4.In determining the hardness for steels not shown in Table 6 and impossible to be judged from Table 6, consult the section(s) involved.
Applicable Standards
TSB1001GMechanical properties of externally threaded fastenersTSG2107GTest method for decarburized layer of steelsTSG2108GTest method for carburized layer of steelsTSG2200GHardness test methodsfor metals
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