12345678TABLE 2CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGE IN THE AMERICASRegion/countryLocation/CollectionStudySampleConsanguinityConsanguinityCoefficient ofReferencecommunityperiodpopulationsize(%)typesinbreeding ()CaribbeanPuerto RicoSan Juan,1954RC6,0133.3%UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0013Freire-Maia (1957)northdispensationCubaAll-Cuba1956/57RC2,2770.8%1C,11/2C,2C0.0005Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationCentral AmericaCosta RicaAll-Costa Rica1954RC3,8333.4%UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0011Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationEl SalvadorAll-El Salvador1956/57RC2,4944.9%1C,11/2C,2C0.0014Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationHondurasAll-Honduras1956/57RC3,7593.4%1C,11/2C,2C0.0011Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationMexicoMexico City1961/64Obstetric24,3330.3%>1C,1C,<1C-Stevenson et al.inpatients(1966)All-Mexico1956/57RC28,1921.3%1C,11/2C,2C0.0003Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationPanamaPanama City1961/64Obstetric15,5231.7%>1C,1C,<1C-Stevenson et al.inpatients(1966)All-Panama1956/57RC3500-0Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationNorth AmericaCanadaAll-Canada1959RC51,7291.5%1C,11/2C,2C0.0005Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationQuebec1962/71RC21,8741.3UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0003De Braekeleer &dispensationRoss (1991)U.S.A.All-U.S.A.1959/60RC133,2280.2%1C,11/2C,2C0.0001Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationWisconsin1941/55RC170,9140.21C,11/2C,2C0.0001Dewey et al.(1965)dispensationWisconsin1972/81RC140,2890.11C,11/2C,2C<0.0001Lebel (1983)dispensationSouth AmericaArgentinaBuenos1954RC23,0000.9%UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0005Freire-Maia (1957)AiresdispensationAll-Argentina1956/57RC51,3911.1UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0006Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationAll-Argentina1967/79Obstetric6,4940.2UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0001Orioli et al.(1982)inpatientsAll-Argentina1980/81Civil212,3200.41C0.0002Castilla et al.(1992)registrationBuenos Aires1984Civil32,6900.71C0.0004Castilla et al.(1992)StateregistrationAll-Argentina1967/96Hospital20,8260.2>1C,1C,11/2C,2C 0.0001Liascovich et al.(2001)birthsBoliviaBogota1961/64Obstetric18,4972.0%>1C,1C,<1C-Stevenson et al.inpatients(1966)All-Bolivia1956/57RC4,1300.6UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0003Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationAll-Bolivia1967/96Hospital9580.21C 0.0001Liascovich et al.(2001)birthsBrazilSao Paulo1961/64Obstetric14,1793.1%>1C,1C,<1C-Stevenson et al..inpatients(1966)Santa Catarina,1948/51RC4,3613.6UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0012Freire-Maia (1957)southdispensationRio de Janeiro,1954RC1,2721.6%1C,11/2C,2C0.0009Freire-Maia (1957)eastdispensationSergipe,1954RC3,8156.4UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0032Freire-Maia (1957)eastdispensationAlagoas,1954RC3,56611.7UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0055Freire-Maia (1957)north-eastdispensationSao Paulo,1950/55RC1,7917.4UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0026Saldanha (1960)Serra do MardispensationSao Paulo,1950/55RC11,1080.51C,11/2C,2C0.0002Saldanha (1960)Vale do ParaibodispensationSao Paulo,1950/55RC1,7504.01C,11/2C,2C0.0017Saldanha (1960)Serra do MantiqueiradispensationAll-Brazil1956/57RC212,0904.8UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0023Freire-Maia (1957)dispensationRio Grande do1967RC15,3001.2UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0005da Fonseca &Suldispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Santa Catarina1967RC10,0641.31C,11/2C,2C0.0005da Fonseca &dispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Parana1967RC23,3830.9UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0004da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Sao Paulo1967RC39,3181.9UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0006da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Guanabara1967RC9,8351.6UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0008da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Rio Janeiro1967RC4,0701.5%UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0007da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Espirito Santo1967RC1,5411.21C,11/2C,2C0.0007da Fonseca &dispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Minas Gerais1967RC38,8646.4UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0027da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Bahia,1967RC8,5143.41C,11/2C,2C0.0017da Fonseca &Serra do MardispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Sergipe1967RC1,6545.11C,11/2C,2C0.0024da Fonseca &dispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Alagoas1967RC7,2944.9UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0022da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Pernambuco1967RC10,7537.0UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0032da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Paraiba1967RC9,95212.8UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0058da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Rio Grande1967RC5,1047.7UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0036da Fonseca &do Nortedispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Ceara1967RC24,1967.9UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0038da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Piaui1967RC4,8328.2UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0034da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Maranhão1967RC8,3044.11C,11/2C,2C0.0020da Fonseca &dispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Mato-Grosso1967RC4,0711.1%1C,11/2C,2C0.0005da Fonseca &dispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Goiás1967RC3,0381.91C,11/2C,2C0.0008da Fonseca &dispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Rondonia1967RC3451.51C,11/2C,2C0.0006da Fonseca &dispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Acre1967RC9455.4UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0023da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Amazonas1967RC2971.42C0.0002da Fonseca &dispensationFreire-Maia (1970)Pará1967RC4,4761.1UN/AN,1C,11/2C,0.0003da Fonseca &dispensation2CFreire-Maia (1970)Porto Alegre,1965/70Obstetric2,3281.91C,11/2C,2C0.0008de Araújo &SalzanoWhitesinpatients(1974)Porto Alegre1965/70Obstetric9842.01C,11/2C,2C0.0009de Araújo&SalzanoBlacksinpatients(1974)Bahia1970sHospital9257.0UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0019Azevedo et al.(1980)visitorsAll-Brazil1967/79Obstetric2,3281.11C,11/2C,2C0.0005Orioli et al.(1982)inpatientsMinas Gerais1989Household25215.11C,11/2C,2C0.0027Kaku &surveyFreire-Maia (1992)All-Brazil1967/96Hospital11,5581.3>1C,1C,11/2C,2C 0.0007Liascovich et al.(2001)birthsRio Grande-Household7,63913.7%UN,D1C,1C,11/2C,0.0063Santos et al.(2010)do Nortesurvey2CChileSantiago1961/64Obstetric23,4910.8%>1C,1C,<1C-Stevenson et al.inpatients(1966)All-Chile1956/57RC28,5961.3UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0007Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationValparaiso1957/66RC51,8280.7UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0006Lazo et al.(1970)dispensationSantiago1967/79Obstetric2,4130.81C,11/2C,2C0.0004Orioli et al.(1982)inpatientsAll-Chile1967/96Hospital6,9590.7>1C,1C,11/2C,2C 0.0004Liascovich et al.(2001)birthsColombiaMedellin1961/64Obstetric20,1464.4%>1C,1C,<1C-Stevenson et al.inpatients(1966)All-Colombia1956/57RC34,4703.0UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0012Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationAll-Colombia1967/96Hospital6091.11C,2C 0.0005Liascovich et al.(2001)birthsEcuadorAll-Ecuador1956/57RC3,9546.3%UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0023Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationQuito1967/79Obstetric2,2611.1UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0005Orioli et al.(1982)inpatientsAll-Ecuador1967/96Hospital2,3111.1%>1C,1C,11/2C,2C 0.0005Liascovich et al.(2001)birthsPeruAll-Peru1956/57RC5654.1%UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0027Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationLima1967/79Obstetric2031.01C,11/2C,2C0.0006Orioli et al.(1982)inpatientsAll-Peru1967/96Hospital3320.61C0.0004Liascovich et al. (2001)birthsUruguayMontevideo1952RC3,9551.1%1C,11/2C,2C0.0006Freire-Maia (1957)dispensationAll-Uruguay1956/57RC2,9314.5UN,1C,11/2C,2C0.0019Freire-Maia (1968)dispensationMontevideo1967/79Obstetric9210.91C,11/2C,2C0.0005Orioli et al.(1982)InpatientsAll-Uruguay1967/96Hospital1,4070.7>1C,1C,11/2C,2C 0.0004Liascovich et al. (2001)birthsVenezuelaAll-Venezuela1967/79Obstetric1,5171.3%D1C,1C,11/2C,2C0.0007Orioli et al.(1982)inpatientsAll-Venezuela1967/96Hospital8,5921.4>1C,1C,11/2C,2C 0.0006Liascovich et al. (2001)births