Anglish Wordbook

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Foreword

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Notation Key

᛫ = definition separator
᛬ = part of speech separator
[ᛏ] = transitive
[ᚾ] = intransitive (neuter verb)
[ᚹ] = widened (an expanded meaning given to a word for the sake of Anglisc)
[ square brackets ] = older form of the word
{ curly brackets } = related word
NE = New English | ANE = Archaic New English | ME = Middle English | OE = Old English
N = Norse | WF = West Frisian | LG = Low German | HG = High German | NL = Dutch | Þ = Proto-Germanic‍
C = Celtic | I = Italic | H = Hellenic | O = other
PST = past tense
PTCP = past participle
PL = plural
[OXF] = Oxford English Dictionary
[MW] = Merriam-Webster (though maybe only the 1913 edition)
[CED] = Collins English Dictionary
[MEC] = Middle English Compendium
[EDD] = Innsbruck EDD Online 3.0 (based on Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary, 1898-1905)

About the New Spellings

This wordbook includes "Anglisc Spelling" for words whose spellings have been influenced by foreign orthographies after the Norman Invasion. Further reading at Anglish Alphabet.

About the Wordbook

This wordbook was started in 2017 by Hurlebatte, and is now worked on by many members of the community. It follows Oxford spelling rules (armour, nationalize). Its contents are based partly on the following sources: An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary by Bosworth-Toller; the Middle English Compendium; Joseph Wright’s English Dialect Dictionary; The Collins English Dictionary; and the Oxford English Dictionary. You can also read the Wordbook on Google Sheets.

Wordbook

WORD ANG. SPEL. MEANING KIND FOREBEAR TAKEN FROM NOTES
a ᛫ per ᛫ P ~ NE
a ᛫ ( for verbs denotes away , out , up , on ) ᛫ ( for nouns denotes in , on , at ) ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
aback ᛫ by surprise ᛫ backward ᛫ AV ~ NE
abaft ᛫ toward or at the stern ᛬ to the rear of ᛫ toward the stern ᛫ AV᛬P ~[beæftan] NE
abboten ᛫ an abbess ᛫ N abbot+en NE‹‹I‹H‹O+NE
abbotric ᛫ an abbacy ᛫ N ~ NE‹(O+E)
abide ᛫ to act in accordance with ᛫ to remain ᛫ to wait ᛫ to wait for ᛫ to await ᛫ to persist ᛫ to reside ᛫ to face ( in combat etc ) ᛫ V ~[abīden][ābīdan] NE
abiding ᛫ enduring ᛫ continuing ᛫ AJ ~ NE
abidinghouse abidinghuse ᛫ an almshouse ᛫ a poorhouse ᛫ N abiding house NE [LEX]
abite ᛫ to bite to death ᛫ V abīten[abītan] OE
abode ᛫ a place of residence ᛫ residence ᛫ a stay ᛫ a sojourn ᛫ N ~ NE kin: abide
aboveboard abufboard ᛫ transparent ( as in not hidden ) ᛫ legitimate and in the open ᛬ openly and legitimately ᛫ AJ᛬AV aboveboard NE
abraid ᛫ to move violently ᛫ to burst forth ᛫ to start up ᛫ to awake ᛫ V abraid&abreiden NE&ME
abreast ᛫ to make parallel ᛫ to inform ᛬ informed ᛫ up to speed ᛬ parallel ᛫ alongside ᛫ in touch ᛫ up with ᛫ V᛬AJ᛬P ~ NE takes: of
abreethe abreeþ ᛫ to degenerate ᛫ to deteriorate ᛫ V abrẹ̄then[abrēoþan] ME kin: brẹ̄þen
abrirdness ᛫ contrition ᛫ compunction ᛫ N onbrirdnesse ME kin: brord (OE)
abroad ᛫ in or to a foreign country ᛫ away from home ᛫ in different directions ᛫ AV ~ NE
abrothen abroþen ᛫ degenerate ᛫ AJ abroþen OE kin: brothel?
abrothenness abroþenness ᛫ degeneracy ᛫ N abroþenness OE
abuy abye ᛫ to suffer a penalty ᛫ to atone ᛫ to pay for something ᛫ V abye[abīen][ābycgan] NE PST: abought ᛫ PTCP: abought; aboughten
achar acear ᛫ ajar ᛫ AV ~ NE [OED]
achesoothing akesooþing ᛫ anodyne ᛫ AJ ache+soothing NE×2
ack ᛫ but ᛫ however ᛫ except ᛫ C ac ME
ackle ackel ᛫ frightened ᛫ terrified ᛫ AJ acol OE ARCHAIC & NOT RECOMMENDED
acknow acknoƿ ᛫ to recognize ᛫ to identify ᛫ V iknouen&gecnāwan ME&OE
acknowledge acknoƿlecg ᛫ to recognize something's validity existence presence or standing ᛫ V ~ NE
acknowledging acknoƿlecging ᛫ acknowledgement ᛫ N ~ NE
acornshell acornscell ᛫ a stalkless barnacle ᛫ N acorn-shell NE [OED]
acost ᛫ proven ᛫ tried and true ᛫ tested ᛫ AJ gecost OE
acover acofer ᛫ to regain something ᛫ to recover ᛫ to revive ᛫ to regain consciousness ᛫ V acoveren[acofrian] ME [OED] ᛫ acover up = to rise again
acovering acofering ᛫ recovery ᛫ N acouerunge ME [OED]
acre aker ᛫ an English unit of land area ( 4840 square yards ) ᛫ N ~ NE
acrechurl akercerl ᛫ a farmer of the churl class ᛫ a ploughman of the churl class ᛫ N æcerceorl OE rare
acreman akerman ᛫ a husbandman ᛫ a ploughman ᛫ a farmer [ᚹ] ᛫ N akerman ME
acretilth akertilþ ᛫ agriculture ᛫ N acre+tilth NE×2 calque: akkerbouw
addeem adeem ᛫ to adjudge ᛫ V ~[adēman] NE
adder ᛫ a viper ᛫ N ~ NE corruption of: nadder
adderbiter ᛫ an ichneumon ᛫ an Egyptian mongoose ᛫ a mongoose [ᚹ] ᛫ N nǣderbita OE
adderbolt ᛫ a dragonfly ᛫ N ~ NE
adderkin ᛫ a Serpentes animal ? ᛫ N nǣdercynn OE
adderwort adderƿurt ᛫ a Persicaria bistorta plant ᛫ N ~ NE aka: snakeweed
addle addel ᛫ liquid filth ᛬ to confuse ᛫ to muddle ᛬ putrid ᛫ rotten ᛫ idle ᛫ vain ᛫ unsound ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~[adela] NE
addle addel ᛫ to earn ᛫ to gain ᛫ to procure ᛫ to save up money ᛫ to grow ᛫ to thrive ᛫ to flourish ᛫ to yield fruit ᛫ V ~ NE‹ME‹N
addled addelled ᛫ confused ᛫ AJ ~ NE
adle adel ᛫ illness ᛫ ailment ᛫ disease ᛫ N ā̆dle ME
ado ᛫ to do away with ᛫ to take away ᛫ subtract ᛫ to remove ᛫ V ādōn&ādōn ME&OE equal to: do off?
ado ᛫ trouble ᛫ difficulty ᛫ fuss ᛫ bustling activity ᛫ N ~ NE
adread ᛫ frightened ᛫ terrified ᛫ scared ᛫ afraid ᛫ AJ ~ NE
adrench adrenc ᛫ to drown ᛫ to sink ᛫ to overwhelm ᛫ to suffocate ᛫ V adrenchen ME
adwash adƿasc ᛫ to extinguish ᛫ to blot out ᛫ to delete ᛫ to quench ᛫ V adweshen ME
afar ᛫ at a distance ᛫ AV ~ NE
afear ᛫ to frighten ᛫ to terrify ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
afeared ᛫ frightened ᛫ terrified ᛫ afraid ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Affer ᛫ an African ᛫ N affer ME
afford aford ᛫ to be able to pay for ᛫ to provide ᛫ V ~ NE
afield afeeld ᛫ in a field ᛫ to a field ᛫ away from home ᛫ off-topic ᛫ AV ~ NE
afire ᛫ to castrate ᛫ V afȳran OE
afired ᛫ a eunuch ᛫ a castrated animal ᛫ N afȳrida{afȳrd} OE
afoot ᛫ in action ᛫ in process ᛫ in the area ᛫ AV ~ NE
afore ᛫ before ᛫ in front of ᛫ opposite ᛫ AV&P afore&afō̆rn NE&ME
aforesaid ᛫ aforementioned ᛫ AJ ~ NE
aforetime ᛫ the past ᛬ past ᛫ previous ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE [OED]
aforetimes ᛫ in the past ᛫ previously ᛫ AV afortimes ME [OED] ᛫ or: aforetime
afoul afule ᛫ into conflict or difficulty with ᛫ AV ~ NE
afrain ᛫ to question ᛫ V afreyne ME [OED]
Africk ᛫ Africa ᛫ N(P) Affrīk&Affrica ME&OE
aft ᛫ a stern of a vessel ᛬ located at the back of a vehicle ᛬ at near or towards a vessel's stern ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬AV ~ NE
after ᛫ post- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
afterbear ᛫ a descendant ᛫ N ~ NE
afterbirth afterbirþ ᛫ a placenta ᛫ N ~ NE
afterborn ᛫ posthumous ( born after father's death ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
afterbrain ᛫ a myelencephalon ᛫ N ~ NE
aftercomer aftercummer ᛫ a successor ᛫ N aftercomer NE
aftercoming aftercumming ᛫ a sequel ᛫ a consequence ᛫ a result ᛬ succeeding ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
afterdeal ᛫ a disadvantage ᛫ N ~ NE
afterdeath afterdeaþ ᛫ post-mortem ᛫ AJ ~ NE
afterdoomsday ᛫ post-apocalyptic ᛫ AJ after+dooms+day NE×3
afterganger ᛫ a follower ᛫ a successor ᛫ N æftergenga OE
afterhand ᛫ subsequently ᛫ AV ~ NE
afterling ᛫ an after follower ᛫ a descendant ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
Afterlithe Afterliþe ᛫ July ᛫ N(P) Æftera Liþa OE or: meadmonth (from mǣdmōnaþ)?
aftermath aftermaþ ᛫ consequences ( usually of something bad ) ᛫ N ~ NE
aftermidday ᛫ afternoon ᛫ N ~ NE
afters ᛫ dessert ᛫ sweets ᛫ the last course of a meal ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
afterspeak ᛫ to claim ( possession ) ᛫ V æftersprecan OE
afterspeech afterspeec ᛫ a claim ( of possession ) ᛫ N æfterspræc OE
aftertime ᛫ the future ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
afterword afterƿord ᛫ an epilogue ᛫ a postscript ᛫ N ~ NE
Afteryule Aftergeƿl ᛫ January ᛫ N(P) Æfterra Geola OE Anglisc Spelling based on variant spelling which avoids awkward "geool"
againbite ᛫ remorse ᛫ N ayenbite ME de-Norsed: ayenbite/agenbite
againbuy againbye ᛫ to ransom ᛫ V ayẹ̄nbīen ME calque: redimere ᛫ de-Norsed: ayenbuy/agenbye
against ᛫ versus ᛫ contrary to ᛫ in opposition to ᛫ P ~ NE
aghast agast ᛫ horrified ᛫ shocked ᛫ AJ ~ NE
agin ᛫ to commence ᛫ V aginnen[onginnan] ME in this word g = /g/ not /j/
ago ᛫ to proceed ᛫ to pass ( to go by ) ᛫ to pass away ᛫ to die ᛫ to elapse ᛫ to come to pass ᛫ to travel ᛫ to move ᛫ to depart ᛫ V agōn[āgān]&igōn[gegān] ME&ME PST: awent ᛫ PTCP: agone
agone ᛫ past ᛫ AJ agōn[āgān] ME
agraith agraiþ ᛫ to make ready ᛫ prepare ᛫ to dress a wound ᛫ to adorn ᛫ to embellish ᛫ V agraithen ME‹N
agraithing agraiþing ᛫ embellishment ᛫ ornament ᛫ N agraithing ME‹N
ahap ᛫ fitting ᛫ suitable ᛫ AJ gehæp OE
aheave aheaf ᛫ to heave up ᛫ to raise ᛫ to erect ᛫ to elevate ᛫ to exalt ᛫ V ahebben ME
ahir ᛫ to imitate ᛫ to emulate ᛫ to simulate ᛫ V onhyrian OE
ahirring ᛫ imitation ᛫ emulation ᛫ simulation ᛫ N onhyringe OE
ail ᛫ ailment ᛬ to make suffer ᛫ to trouble ᛫ to pain ᛬ troublesome ᛫ painful ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~[egle][eglan] NE
ait ᛫ a small island in a river ᛫ an eyot ᛫ an islet ᛫ N ~ NE
akin ᛫ related ᛫ AJ ~ NE
alack ᛫ alas ! ᛫ I ~ NE
albeit ᛫ though ᛫ C ~ NE
Albert Mere ᛫ Lake Albert ᛫ N(P) Albert+mere NE×2
alder ᛫ a parent ᛫ an ancestor ᛫ an elder ᛫ a chief ᛫ a leader ᛫ a ruler ᛫ N alder ME
alderbishop alderbiscop ᛫ an archbishop ᛫ N ealdorbiscop OE‹(E+H)
alderborough alderboroug ᛫ a metropolis ᛫ N ealdorburh OE
alderdeemer ᛫ a supreme court judge ᛫ N aldordēma OE
alderdom ᛫ authority ᛫ eldership ᛫ magistracy ᛫ principality ᛫ N ealdordōm OE
alderman ᛫ an elected member of a city council ᛫ a baillie ᛫ N ~ NE
aleater ᛫ an omnivore ᛫ N all+eater NE×2 inspired by: Allesfresser
alee ᛫ on the lee side of a ship ᛫ AV ~ NE
aleese alees ᛫ to save ᛫ to deliver ᛫ to redeem ᛫ V alese ME [OED]
aleesedness ᛫ salvation ᛫ deliverance ᛫ redemption ᛫ N alẹ̄sednesse[ālīsedness] ME
alehouse alehuse ᛫ a bar ᛫ a tavern ᛫ a pub ( public house ) ᛫ N ~ NE
aleknight aleknigt ᛫ a man who drinks alcohol ᛫ N ~ NE
alewife aleƿife ᛫ a woman who keeps an alehouse ᛫ N ~ NE
alfather alfaþer ᛫ an epithet used for a head god ᛫ N ~ NE
alight aligt ᛫ to descend ᛫ to exit ᛫ to dismount ᛫ to disembark ᛫ V ~ NE
alighten aligten ᛫ enlighten ᛫ illuminate ᛫ V ālīhtan OE
alike ᛫ similar ᛬ similarly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
alkin ᛫ of every kind ᛫ universal ᛫ AJ ~[eallcyn] NE
alknowing alknoƿing ᛫ omniscient ᛫ AJ ~ NE
alknowingness alknoƿingness ᛫ omniscience ᛫ N ~ NE
all ᛫ omni- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
all ᛫ entirely ᛫ totally ᛫ completely ᛫ AV ~ NE
all told ᛫ in total ᛫ P ~ NE
allay alay ᛫ to calm down ᛫ to lull ᛫ to pacify ᛫ to alleviate ᛫ to abate ᛫ to mitigate ᛫ to subside ᛫ V ~ NE
allings ᛫ entirely ᛫ sufficiently ᛫ AV allinges ME
allness ᛫ totality ᛫ universality ᛫ N ~ NE
allot alot ᛫ to appoint ᛫ to assign ᛫ V ileoten/iloten[gehlēotan] ME
allow alloƿ ᛫ aloe ᛫ N alewe/alwe OE‹‹O rhyme: hallow ᛫ "aloe" is French
allow alloƿ ᛫ to defend ᛫ V ealgian OE rhyme: hallow?
ally ᛫ of all ᛫ universal ᛫ catholic ᛫ AJ eallic OE
Almannish Almannisc ᛫ Alemannic speech ᛬ Alemannic ᛫ N᛬AJ all+man+ish NE×3 calque: Alemannisch
almight almigt ᛫ omnipotence ᛫ N almighty NE
almighty almigty ᛫ omnipotent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
almsful ᛫ charitable ᛫ AJ ælmesfull OE
almsman ᛫ a taker of alms ᛫ a beggar ᛫ a giver of alms ( an almoner ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹‹OE‹(I‹H+E)
aloft ᛫ at to or in the air ᛫ above ᛫ up ᛫ AV ~ NE
aloneness ᛫ solitude ᛫ N ~ NE
along of ᛫ because of ᛫ P ~[gelang]{ilong on} NE
aloom ᛫ frequently ᛫ AV ilōme[gelōme] ME
alow aloƿ ᛫ low down ᛬ below ᛫ AV᛬P ~ NE rhyme: a toe
alse als ᛫ totally ᛫ entirely ᛫ AV alles ME analogy: elles to else ᛫ rhyme: false
alseeing ᛫ omnipercipient ᛫ AJ allseeing NE
alsuch alsuc ᛫ exactly ᛫ just ᛫ exactly as ᛫ just as ᛫ AV alswich ME
altew alteƿ ᛫ sound ᛫ healthy ᛫ AJ æltæw/ealteaw OE
altheedish alþeedisc ᛫ international ᛫ AJ all+theedish NE×2 based on: alþjóðlegur
alther alþer ᛫ ( modifies an adjective's superlative form in a way similar to the " very " in " very best " ) ᛫ PREFIX alther ME or: alder, aller
altogether altogeþer ᛫ completely ᛫ totally ᛫ in total ᛫ in general ᛫ for the most part ᛫ overall ᛫ AV altogether NE
alway alƿay ᛫ perpetually ᛫ continually ᛫ AV ~[ealneg] OE or: always
alwhere alhƿere ᛫ everywhere ᛫ AV ~ NE [MW]
amain ᛫ with all one's might ᛫ with full speed ᛫ in great haste ᛫ to a high degree ᛫ AV ~ NE
amaze amase ᛫ to astonish ᛫ V ~ NE
amazedness amasedness ᛫ amazement ᛫ N ~ NE
amber ᛫ a bucket ᛫ N ambre[amphora?] ME‹OE‹I
amid ᛫ during ᛬ in the middle of ᛫ AV᛬P ~ NE
amind ᛫ memory ᛫ a memory ᛫ a recollection ᛫ N imīnde[gemynd] ME
amiss ᛫ faulty ᛫ out of order ᛫ wrong ᛬ wrongly ᛫ astray ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
anclee ᛫ an ankle ᛫ N ~ ME de-Norsed form of "ankle"
and ᛫ an ampersand ( & or ⁊ ) ᛫ N and ME or: andstaff
and ᛫ ( denotes return action ) ᛫ PREFIX and/an ME the D gets dropped when convenient
and so forth forþ ᛫ et cetera ᛫ N ~ NE abbreviation: asf
andestone ᛫ andesite ᛫ N Andes+stone NE‹I+NE calque: andesite
andet ᛫ to confess ᛫ V andettan OE
andetter ᛫ a confessor ᛫ N andettere OE
andeven andefen ᛫ a quality ᛫ a quantity ᛫ an extent ᛫ a capacity ᛫ an amount ᛫ a proportion ᛫ N andefn OE
anent ᛫ about ᛫ concerning ᛫ P ~ NE [MW]
anew aneƿ ᛫ to restore to an original state ᛫ V ineuen ME
ang ᛫ vexation ᛫ trouble ᛬ vexed ᛫ troubled ᛫ N᛬AJ ā̆nge[ange] ME
ang ᛫ ( denotes tightness and vexation ) ᛫ PREFIX ang OE
angbreast ᛫ a tight vexation of the breast ᛫ asthma ᛫ N angbreost OE
angmood ᛫ anxiety ᛫ a vexed mood ᛫ N angmod OE
angness ᛫ anxiety ᛫ distress ᛫ N angnes OE
angsome andsum ᛫ troublesome ᛫ AJ angsum OE
anker ᛫ an anchorite ᛫ an anchoret ᛫ N āncor OE‹I‹H
ankerman ᛫ an anchorman ᛫ N āncor+man OE‹I+NE
anklebone ankelbone ᛫ a tarsal ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E) or: ancleebone
anlet ᛫ a face ᛫ an appearance ᛫ N anlē̆t[andwlita/andwlite] ME
anletbone ᛫ a facial bone ᛫ N anlet+bone ME+NE
anlikeness ᛫ an image ᛫ a figure ᛫ resemblance ᛫ a model ᛫ N anlīcnes OE
anneal aneal ᛫ to ignite ᛫ to inflame ᛫ to incite ᛫ to temper through heating ᛫ V anneal&onǣlan NE&OE
anon ᛫ instantly ᛫ immediately ᛫ AV ~[anōn][on ān] NE rhyme: a swan
anothergates anoþergates ᛫ a different kind of ᛫ AJ ~ NE "gate" here means "way"
anqueath ancƿeaþ ᛫ a response ᛫ an answer ᛫ a reply ᛬ to respond ᛫ to answer ᛫ to reply ᛫ N᛬V oncweþan OE
ansaker ᛫ a denier ᛫ a renouncer ᛫ an apostate ᛫ an opposer ᛫ N andsaca OE
ansen ᛫ a face ᛫ a countenance ᛫ an aspect ᛫ a form ᛫ a figure ᛫ an appearance ᛫ N ansẹ̄ne[ansȳn] ME
ansenstone ᛫ a fossil ᛫ N ansẹ̄ne+stone ME+NE calque: steingervingur
anshot anscot ᛫ a tax rebate ᛫ a tax return ᛫ N and+scot OE+OE equal to: return tax
antimber ᛫ matter ( mass noun ) ᛫ material ( mass noun ) ᛫ substance ( mass noun ) ᛫ a theme ? ᛫ a topic ? ᛫ a subject ? ᛫ N antimber&andtimber ME&OE
anvil anfil ᛫ an incus ( bone ) ᛫ N ~ NE
anward anƿard ᛫ present ᛫ current ᛫ contemporary ᛫ in one's presence ᛫ AJ andweard OE
anward tide anƿard ᛫ the present tense ᛬ of the present tense ᛫ N᛬AJ andwerd tīd OE
anwarden anƿarden ᛫ to make present ᛫ to update ᛫ to modernize ᛫ V andward+en OE+NE
anwardening anƿardening ᛫ an update ᛫ modernization ᛫ N andward+en+ing OE+NE×2
anword anƿord ᛫ an answer ᛬ to answer ᛫ V andwurden&andwyrde ME&OE
anwork anƿork ᛫ matter ᛫ material ᛫ substance ᛫ N andwork ME
anyet anget ᛫ perception ᛫ sensation ᛫ understanding ᛫ a sense ( such as sight ) ᛫ an explanation ᛫ sense ( like in makes sense ) ᛫ N andȝet&andgit ME&OE or: anget (Norse)
anyetful andgetful ᛫ sensible ᛫ intelligible ᛫ AJ andgitfull OE
anyetfully angetfully ᛫ sensibly ᛫ intelligibly ᛫ AV andgitfullīce OE
anyetless angetless ᛫ senseless ( as in lacking sensation ) ᛫ senseless ( as in irrational , nonsensical , or foolish ) ᛫ AJ andgitlēas OE
anyettle angettel ᛫ intelligent ᛫ sensible ᛫ discerning ᛫ AJ andgitol/andgyttol OE
anyetty angetty ᛫ sensational ( as in sensory ) ᛫ sensible ᛫ AJ andȝet+y{andgitlic} ME+NE
anywise anyƿise ᛫ in any way or manner ᛫ AV ~ NE
ape ᛫ an ape ᛫ a monkey ᛬ to imitate ᛫ N᛬V ape&āpe[apa] NE&ME ape had a wider meaning in Middle English
apebear ᛫ a koala ᛫ N ape+bear ANE+NE calque: monkey-bear
apebreadtree ᛫ a baobab ᛫ N ape+bread+tree NE×3 calque: monkeybread tree ᛫ note: apenbroodboom
apefox ᛫ a Didelphimorphia animal ( a possum , an opossum ) ᛫ N ape-foxe ANE [OED] ᛫ poorly attested
apely ᛫ simian ᛫ AJ ~ NE
aper ᛫ a copycat ᛫ an imitator ᛫ N ~ NE
applewine appelƿine ᛫ apple cider ᛫ N æppelwīn OE
aquine acƿine ᛫ to dwindle away ? ᛫ V acwīnan OE
Araby ᛫ Arabia ᛫ N(P) Arabī[Arabia] ME‹OE‹O
arade ᛫ instructed ᛫ skilled ᛫ expert ᛫ educated ᛫ AJ irade[gerād] ME
aread ᛫ to guess ᛫ to conjecture ᛫ to form or render an opinion ᛫ to estimate ᛫ to interpret ᛫ V aread&arēden[ārǣdan] NE&ME [MW]
areading ᛫ an ordinance ᛫ a decree ᛫ N gerǣdnes OE
argh arg ᛫ timid ᛫ cowardly ᛫ pusillanimous ᛫ AJ argh/arow[earg] ME [OED] ᛫ rhyme: scarf ᛫ or: arf; arch (Scots)
arghness argness ᛫ cowardice ᛫ N arghnes ME or: arfness
arise ᛫ to emerge ᛫ to become apparent ᛫ to come into being ᛫ V ~ NE
arisen ᛫ proper ᛫ fitting ᛫ seemly ᛫ AJ gerisene OE
arist ᛫ an arising ᛫ the rising of the sun ᛫ N arist ME
arkenstone ᛫ a precious stone ᛫ a jewel ᛫ N eorcanstān OE kin: Eorconbeorht
arm ᛫ poor ᛫ unwealthy ᛫ pitiful ᛫ indigent ᛫ AJ arm[earm] ME
armbigh armbige ᛫ a bracelet for wearing on an arm ᛫ an armlet ᛫ N earmbēah OE
armbone ᛫ a humerus ᛫ N ~ NE
armchary armcary ᛫ sad ᛫ miserable ᛫ AJ earmcearig OE
Armeny ᛫ Armenia ᛫ N(P) armenīe/armany/armonye ME or: Hayastan ᛫ should rhyme with "harmony"?
arming ᛫ a poor creature ᛫ a wretch ᛫ N erming ME
armth armþ ᛫ poverty ᛫ N ermthe/armþe ME
arown arune ᛫ a mystery ᛫ a sacrament ᛫ mysterium ᛫ N gerȳne OE
arrowblaster arroƿblaster ᛫ an arbalest ( an arbalist , an arbelest ) N arowblaster{arbalest} ME eggcorn term ᛫ or: arrowblast
arrowmaker arroƿmaker ᛫ a fletcher ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
arse ᛫ a derrière ᛫ a posterior ᛫ N ~ NE or: ass
arsefoot ᛫ a Podicipedidae bird ( a grebe ) ᛫ N ~ NE
arseling ᛫ backwards ᛫ AV ~ NE
arsetril ᛫ an anus ᛫ N earsþerl OE
arveth arfeþ ᛫ tribulation ᛫ affliction ᛫ trouble ᛫ labour ᛫ labour ( of pregnancy ) ᛫ toil ᛬ difficult ᛫ N᛬AJ arveþ&earfoþe ME&OE
arveth arfeþ ᛫ ( denotes difficulty and toil ) ᛫ PREFIX earfoþ OE
arvethhield arfeþheeld ᛫ ill-inclined ᛫ ill-natured ᛫ AJ earfoþhylde OE
arvethly arfeþly ᛫ with difficulty ᛫ AJ arveþlīch ME
arvethness arfeþness ᛫ toil ᛫ hardship ᛫ N earfoþnes OE
arvethright arfeþrigt ᛫ hard to correct ᛫ AJ earfoþrihte OE
arvethrow arfeþþroƿ ᛫ a difficult time ᛫ a time of tribulation ᛫ N earfoþþrāg OE
arvethsithe arfeþsiþe ᛫ a laborious journey ᛫ misfortune ᛫ calamity ᛫ N earfoþsīþ OE
arvethteachy arfeþteacy ᛫ difficult to show ᛫ difficult to prove ᛫ AJ earfoþtǣcne OE
as an aside ᛫ in passing ᛫ en passant ᛫ PHRASE ~ NE×3
asake ᛫ to refuse to acknowledge a charge ᛫ to deny ᛫ V onsacan OE PST: asook ᛫ PTCP: asaken
aseen ᛫ evident ᛫ visible ᛫ apparent ᛫ AJ isẹ̄n ME
aset ᛫ to appoint ᛫ V aset ME
Asey ᛫ Asia ᛫ N(P) Assye [Asia] ME‹O rhyme: crazy
ash asc ᛫ ash ᛬ to turn to ash ᛫ to incinerate ᛫ to cremate ᛫ N:V ~ NE
ashen ascen ᛫ made from the ash tree ᛫ of or resembling ashes ᛫ pale ᛫ AJ ~ NE
asher ascer ᛫ an incinerator ᛫ a cremator ᛫ a crematory furnace ᛫ a cremation chamber ᛫ N ash+er NE+NE
ashes asces ᛫ cremains ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
ashgrey ascgrey ᛫ cinereous ᛫ AJ ash+grey NE×2 invented by William Barnes
ashhouse aschuse ᛫ a crematorium ᛫ a crematory ᛫ N ash+house NE+NE or: ashinghouse?
ashing ascing ᛫ incineration ᛫ cremation ᛫ N ash+ing NE+NE
ashpan ascpan ᛫ an ashtray ᛫ N ash-pan NE [OED]
aside ᛫ a digression ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
asit ᛫ to oppress ᛫ to occupy ᛫ V asitten&onsittan ME&OE PST: asat
asithe asiþe ᛫ a comrade ᛫ N gesīþ OE
ask ᛫ a lizard ᛫ N ~ NE
ask ᛫ a question ᛫ an inquiry ᛫ a request ᛬ to request ᛫ to inquire ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
askeel ᛫ a Halosauridae fish ( a halosaur ) ᛫ N ask+eel NE×2 calque: Echsenaale
asker ᛫ a plaintiff ᛫ a prosecutor ᛫ a claimant ᛫ N askere ME [OED]
asking ᛫ questioning ᛫ inquiry ᛫ querying ᛫ petitioning ᛫ requesting ᛫ petition ᛫ N asking&asking NE&ME
askingly ᛫ interrogative ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ āsciendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
aslake ᛫ to abate ᛫ to diminish ᛫ to moderate ᛫ to mitigate ᛫ to appease ᛫ to satisfy ᛫ V ~[āslacian] NE
asoothe asooþe ᛫ to prove ᛫ to confirm ᛫ to verify ᛫ V isōþien[gesōþian] OE
aspen ᛫ a Populus tree [ᚹ] ᛫ a poplar ᛫ a cottonwood ᛫ an aspen ᛫ N ~ NE
Assyrish Assyrisc ᛫ Assyrian ᛫ AJ(P) assyrisc OE
Assyry ᛫ Assyria ᛫ N(P) assyria OE
astir ᛫ to activate ᛫ to put in motion ᛬ active ᛫ in motion ᛫ AJ astir&astiren NE&ME
astride ᛫ with legs on each side ᛬ with legs on each side of ᛫ AV᛬P ~ NE
asunder ᛫ apart ᛫ AV ~ NE
asunderhood ᛫ segregation ᛫ apartheid ᛫ N asunder+hood NE×2 calque: apartheid
asweeve asƿeef ᛫ to calm down ᛫ to lull ᛫ to pacify ᛫ to appease ᛫ to put to rest ᛫ to soothe ᛫ V aswēve&aswebban ME&OE
at a braid ᛫ in a moment ᛫ momentarily ᛫ AV at a breid ME phrase
at once ones ᛫ simultaneously ᛫ contemporaniously ᛫ equally ᛫ immediately ᛫ instantly ᛫ summarily ᛫ AV ~ NE [OED]
at unset steven stefen ᛫ unexpectedly ᛬ by chance ᛫ AV at unset steven ME rhyme: seven
atbraidingly ᛫ ablative ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ ætbregdendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
atburst ᛫ to break away ᛫ to escape ᛫ V atbresten[ætberstan] ME brest became burst
atease ᛫ to tear ᛫ to tease ( as in to pull apart ) ᛫ V ātǣsan OE kin: tease
atell ᛫ number ( grammatical term ) ᛫ a register ᛫ a catalogue ᛫ a catalog ᛬ to register ᛫ to catalog ᛫ to catalogue ᛫ N ȝetel&getæl/getel ME&OE
atew ateƿ ᛫ to appear ᛫ to display ᛫ to manifest ᛫ V atẹ̄wien{ēowan} ME kin: eye
atfang ᛫ to claim lost or stolen property ᛫ V ætfōn{fang} OE
atgo ᛫ to go away ᛫ to pass away ᛫ V atgon ME
Athabasca Mere ᛫ Lake Athabasca ᛫ N(P) Athabasca+mere NE‹O+NE
athel aþel ᛫ a noble ᛬ noble ᛫ N᛬AJ aþel ME
athelborn aþelborn ᛫ nobleborn ᛫ highborn ᛫ patrician ᛫ AJ aþelborn ME
athelen aþelen ᛫ to ennoble ᛫ V æþelian+en OE+NE
atheling aþeling ᛫ a noble ᛫ a prince ᛫ N atheling[æþeling] ME
athelingen aþelingen ᛫ a princess ᛫ N æþeling+en OE+NE a more historically sound term for "princess" is simply "lady"
athelkind aþelkind ᛫ of noble kind or origin ᛫ AJ æþelcund OE
athelly aþelly ᛫ nobly ᛫ elegantly ᛫ AV æþellīce OE
athelman aþelman ᛫ a nobleman ᛫ N athelman ME
athelness aþelness ᛫ nobility ᛫ N æþelnes OE
athelwhite aþelhƿite ᛫ a Leontopodium alpinum plant ᛫ edelweiss ᛫ N aþel+white ME+NE calque: Edelweiß
athelwield aþelƿeeld ᛫ aristocracy ( the political system ) ᛫ N athel+wield NE
atithe atiþe ᛫ to grant ᛫ to allow ᛫ V itīthien[getigþian] ME
atlast ᛫ finally ᛫ ultimately ᛫ AV ~ NE
atle atel ᛫ terrible ᛫ horrible ᛫ dire ᛫ repulsive ᛫ ugly ᛫ hideous ᛫ AJ ātel[atol] ME
atley ately ᛫ hideous ᛫ ugly ᛫ AJ atelīch[atollīc] ME
atone ᛫ to make amends ᛫ V ~ NE equal to: at one
atsake ᛫ to deny ᛫ to abjure ᛫ to renounce ᛫ to repudiate ᛫ to disavow ᛫ to disown ᛫ V atsāken[ætsacan] ME [OED] ᛫ PST: atsook ᛫ PTCP: atsaken
atsammen ᛫ together ᛫ AV atsomne[ætsomne] ME
atsit ᛫ to resist ᛫ to oppose ᛫ V atsitten ME
atstall ᛫ a station ᛫ a camp ᛫ N ætsteall OE
atter ᛫ poison ᛫ venom ᛫ pus ᛬ to poison ᛫ to envenom ᛫ N atter&ǣtrian NE&OE
attercop ᛫ a spider ᛫ N [āttercoppe/āttorcoppe] NE kin: cobweb
attercraft ᛫ the art of poisoning ᛫ wicked sorcery ᛫ N ātorcræft OE
atterdeer ᛫ a poisonous animal a venomous animal ᛫ N atter+deer NE×2
atterling ᛫ a malicious person ᛫ N atterling ME
atterloath atterloaþ ᛫ an antidote ᛫ N atterlothe ME
attern ᛫ poisonous ᛫ venomous ᛫ cruel ᛫ ill-natured ᛫ AJ attern ME
attery ᛫ venomous ᛫ poisonous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Attle Attel ᛫ Lazio ? ᛫ Italy ? ᛫ N(P) Eatol OE kin: Italy
Attler Atteler ᛫ a Latin ? ᛫ an Italian ? ᛫ N(P) Eatolware OE
atwain atƿain ᛫ in two parts ᛫ AV ~ NE
atween atƿeen ᛫ between ᛫ P atwēn ME
atwind atƿind ᛫ to escape ᛫ V ~[atwīnden] NE PST: atwound ᛫ PTCP: atwound
atwist atƿist ᛫ substance ᛫ N ætwist OE
atwite atƿite ᛫ to attribute to ᛫ to charge ᛫ to blame ᛫ V atwīten ME
aught augt ᛫ property ᛫ possession ᛫ N aughte[ǣht] ME
aught augt ᛫ anything ᛫ N ~[āht] NE
aught augt ᛫ deliberation ᛫ evaluation ᛫ meditation ᛬ to deliberate ᛫ to evaluate ᛫ to meditate on ᛫ N᛬V æht&eahtian OE&OE
Australia ᛫ Australia ᛫ N ~ NE or: New Holland
avel afel ᛫ power ᛫ strength ᛫ N āvel[afol] ME rhyme: navel ᛫ kin: afl (ON)
aver afer ᛫ vehement ᛫ AJ afor OE rhyme: waver? ᛫ kin: æfur (Icelandic)?
awe aƿe ᛫ admiration tinged with fear ᛬ to inspire awe ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
awesome aƿesum ᛫ incredible ᛫ awe-inspiring ᛫ AJ ~ NE
awful aƿful ᛫ horrible ᛫ AJ ~ NE
awin aƿin ᛫ strife ᛫ struggle ᛫ war ᛫ conflict ᛫ N iwin[gewin] ME
awk aƿk ᛫ perverse ᛫ sinister ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹N
awn aƿn ᛫ one of the slender bristles that terminate the glumes of the spikelet in some cereal and other grasses ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
awork aƿork ᛫ a fortress ᛫ a fort ᛫ a castle ᛫ N geweorc OE
awortwale aƿurtƿale ᛫ to uproot ᛫ to eradicate ᛫ to exterminate ᛫ to extirpate ᛫ V āwyrtwalian OE
awrack aƿrack ᛫ wrecked ᛫ in ruins ᛫ AV ~ NE [CED]
awry aƿry ᛫ contorted ᛫ twisted ᛫ bent ᛫ out of place ᛫ deviant ᛫ perverse ᛫ AJ ~ NE
axe ᛫ an axe ᛫ a hatchet ᛬ to strike with an axe ᛫ to cancel ᛫ to cut down ᛫ to remove something ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE or: ax
axle axel ᛫ an axis ᛫ a shoulder ᛫ N axle&axel[eaxl] NE&ME
axlespan axelspan ᛫ a crossbar ᛫ a crosspiece ᛫ N eaxlegespann OE
ay ᛫ eternal ᛬ always ᛫ ever ᛫ continually ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE‹ME‹N rhyme: day
ayen agen ᛫ re- ( in instances which denote a return to a person , place , state , or condition ) ᛫ PREFIX ayẹ̄n ME example: recall = ayencall
ayen agen ᛫ again ᛫ against ᛫ in opposition to ᛫ in return ᛫ in exchange ᛬ in front of ᛫ against ᛫ in opposition to ᛫ as protection against ᛫ AV᛬P ayẹ̄n[ongēn] ME
ayenst agenst ᛫ back again ᛬ against ᛬ facing ( an event ) ᛫ anticipating ᛫ expecting ᛫ in contrast with ᛫ AV᛬P᛬C ayẹ̄nes/ayẹ̄nest ME "unetymological -t mid-14c. standard by early 16c." - Etymonline
ayet aget ᛫ to perceive ᛫ V ayiten[āgitan/ongitan] ME
Babilon ᛫ Babylon ᛫ N(P) Babilōn OE
Babilony ᛫ Babylonia ᛫ N(P) Babilony ME
babish babisc ᛫ infantile ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
babyhood ᛫ infancy ᛫ N ~ NE
Babylonish Babylonisc ᛫ Babylonian ᛫ AJ(P) babilōnisc OE
Babylony ᛫ Babylonia ᛫ N babylonie OE
back ᛫ to support ᛫ to sponsor ᛫ V ~ NE
backbite ᛫ to talk maliciously about someone who is not present ᛫ V ~ NE
backbone ᛫ the ridgebone ᛫ the spine ᛫ N ~ NE
backen ᛫ to delay ᛫ to retard ᛫ V ~ NE
backer ᛫ a supporter ᛫ a sponsor ᛫ N ~ NE
backfriend backfreend ᛫ a friend who is secretly an enemy ᛫ N ~ NE
backhanded ᛫ insincere ᛫ sarcastic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
backleech backleec ᛫ a physiatrist ᛫ N back+leech NE×2
backridgebone backricgbone ᛫ a thoracic vertebra ᛫ N back+ridgebone NE×2
backslide ᛫ to regress ᛫ to lapse morally or in the practice of religion ᛫ V ~ NE
backstab ᛫ to attack someone unfairly in a deceitful and treacherous way ᛫ to betray ᛫ V ~ NE
backstabber ᛫ a traitor ᛫ a betrayer ᛫ N ~ NE
backward backƿard ᛫ retrograde ᛫ socially unsophisticated ᛫ socially barbaric ᛫ AJ ~ NE
backwater backƿater ᛫ a remote place ᛫ water held back by an obstruction ᛬ to vacillate on a long-held position ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
backwoods backƿoods ᛫ a woody countryside ᛫ N ~ NE
badblood ᛫ feelings of ill will ᛫ a serious feud ᛫ an inherited immoral nature ᛫ a long-standing grudge ᛫ N ~ NE
baddle baddel ᛫ a hermaphrodite ᛫ an intersex person ᛫ N bæddel OE
badmouth badmuþe ᛫ to disparage ᛫ V ~ NE
badow badoƿ ᛫ battle ᛫ N beado/beadu/beadwe OE or: bade (like shadow and shade)
bag ᛫ a sack ᛫ N ~ NE‹N?
Baikal Mere ᛫ Lake Baikal ᛫ N(P) Baikal+mere NE‹O+NE
bake ᛫ a baked good ᛫ a pie ᛫ pastry ᛫ N bāke ME same sense as Icelandic "baka"
baked good ᛫ a piece of baked food ᛫ a pastry ᛫ N ~ NE
bakehouse bakehuse ᛫ a bakery ᛫ N ~ NE
Baker Mere ᛫ Baker Lake ᛫ N(P) baker+mere NE×2
bakern ᛫ a bakery ᛫ N bakern ME
Balaton Mere ᛫ Balaton Lake ᛫ N(P) Balaton+mere NE‹O+NE
bale ᛫ great evil ᛫ great woe ᛫ great sorrow ᛫ N ~[bealo] NE
balecraft ᛫ the craft of evil magic ᛫ N bealocræft OE
baleful ᛫ pernicious ᛫ forebodingly evil ᛫ AJ ~ NE
balk ᛫ a ridge ᛫ a mound ᛫ an archery butt ᛫ a ridge left between furrows accidently ᛫ a blunder ᛫ N balk[balca] ME
balk ᛫ a hindrance ᛫ a check ᛫ a failure ᛬ to pass over ᛫ omit ᛫ to suddenly refuse ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
Balkash Mere Balkasc ᛫ Lake Balkhash ᛫ N(P) Balkhash+mere NE‹O+NE
ballock ᛫ a testicle ᛫ N ~ NE or: bollock
ballocks ᛫ testicles ᛫ nonsense ᛫ N ~ NE or: bollocks
Balt ᛫ a speaker of a Baltic language ᛫ a Lithuanian ᛫ a Latvian ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹O
Baltland ᛫ the Baltic states ᛫ the Baltic land region ᛫ N(P) Balt+land NE‹O+NE
ban ᛫ a proclamation ᛫ an edict ᛫ a decree ᛫ an ordinance ᛬ to summon ᛫ to assemble people [ᛏ] ᛫ to muster [ᛏ] ᛫ to rally [ᛏ] ᛫ N᛬V ban&bannen ME&ME prohibit/prohibition meaning from French and/or Norse
bandog ᛫ a mastiff ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E) band-dog
bane ᛫ death ᛫ destruction ᛫ poison ᛫ a cause of misery ᛫ a murderer ᛫ a killer ᛫ a slayer ᛫ N ~[bana] NE
baneful ᛫ harmful ᛫ destructive ᛫ deadly ᛫ malignant ᛫ poisonous ᛫ venomous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
banewort baneƿurt ᛫ an Atropa belladonna plant ( deadly nightshade ) ᛫ N ~ NE
bangle bangel ᛫ to fritter away ᛫ to squander ᛫ to waste ᛫ V ~ ANE often used with "away" like "bangle away"
bank ᛫ an edge of a river lake or watercourse ᛫ an embankment ᛫ N ~ NE
bare ᛫ unclothed ᛫ devoid of ᛫ basic and simple ᛫ AJ ~ NE
barley moon ᛫ a full moon in August ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
barm ᛫ a bosom ᛫ a lap ᛫ one's possession ᛫ N barm ME
barm ᛫ beer froth ᛫ yeast ᛫ leaven ᛫ beer head ( the froth from pouring beer ) ᛫ N barm&berm[beorma] NE&ME
barmcloth barmcloþ ᛫ an apron ᛫ N ~ NE
barn ᛫ a child ᛫ a kid ᛫ N barn[bearn] ME found in Scots as "bairn"
barneken ᛫ pregnant ᛫ AJ bearnēacen OE
barnteam ᛫ offspring ᛫ lineage ᛫ N barntem ME
barrow barroƿ ᛫ a mountain ᛫ a hill ᛫ a mound ᛫ N ~[beorg] NE
barrowlee barroƿlee ᛫ a Puma concolor animal ᛫ a cougar ᛫ a puma ᛫ a mountain lion ᛫ a catamount ᛫ a panther ᛫ N barrow+lēo NE+OE‹I calque: mountain lion
barrowmouse barroƿmuse ᛫ a marmot ᛫ N barrow+mouse NE×2 calque: mountain-mouse
barrowroose barroƿroos ᛫ a rhododendron ᛫ N barrow+roose NE+ENE calque: mountain rose
barton ᛫ a farmyard ᛫ N ~ NE equal to: barley town?
base ᛫ crimson ᛫ scarlet ᛫ a monarchist ᛬ of crimson hue ᛫ of scarlet hue ᛫ N᛬AJ basu/baso OE rhyme: gaze
basestone ᛫ topaz ᛫ N baswa stān OE rhyme: gaze tone ᛫ or: bazestone
Baskon ᛫ a Basque person ᛫ N(P) Baskọ̄n ME‹I Basque is a reborrowing?
Baskonland ᛫ Basque Country ᛫ N(P) Baskọ̄n+land ME+NE calque: Baskenland
bass ᛫ a perch fish ᛫ N ~[bas][bærs] NE
bast ᛫ phloem ᛫ bast fiber ᛫ fiber ᛫ fibre ᛫ N ~ NE
bat ᛫ a mace ᛫ a club ᛫ a cudgel ᛫ a bludgeon ᛫ N bat&bat[batt] NE&ME
batch bac ᛫ a group of like things ( esp baked goods ) ᛬ to group like things ᛫ to sort ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE kin: bake
batch bac ᛫ a stream ? ᛫ a brook ? ᛫ a valley ? ᛫ N bach ME
bate ᛫ to get better ᛫ to recover ᛫ V batian OE
baxter ᛫ a baker ᛫ N baxter[bæcestre] ME
Bayer Bager ᛫ a Bavarian ᛫ N(P) Bægerum OE
Bayerland Bagerland ᛫ Bavaria ᛫ N(P) Bægerum+land OE+NE
be ᛫ to exist ᛫ V ~ NE
beacon ᛫ a signal ᛫ an indication ᛬ to signal ᛫ to indicate ᛫ N᛬V beacon&bēacnian NE&OE
beaconer ᛫ a signaller ᛫ an indicator ᛫ N ~ NE
bead ᛫ a prayer ᛫ a request ᛫ N ~[gebed] NE
beadframe ᛫ an abacus ᛫ N bead-frame NE
beadful ᛫ prayerful ᛫ AJ beodeful ME [OED]
beadle beadel ᛫ prayerful ᛫ suppliant ᛫ AJ bēdul OE
beam ᛫ a long straight piece of timber ᛫ a tree ᛫ a ray ( of light etc ) ᛫ N beam&bēm&bēam NE&ME&OE
beamish beamisc ᛫ beaming with happy optimism ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bean curd ᛫ tofu ᛫ N ~ NE
bear ᛫ to carry ᛫ to endure ᛫ to give birth to ᛫ V ~ NE PST: bore ᛫ PTCP: borne
bearcat ᛫ a binturong ᛫ N ~ NE
bearen ᛫ a she-bear ᛫ N biren OE
bearer ᛫ a carrier ᛫ a bearer ᛫ a porter ᛫ N berend OE
bearing ᛫ relevance ᛫ posture ᛫ demeanour ᛫ N ~{gebǣru} NE
bearings ᛫ a direction or a relative position ᛫ N ~ NE
bearly ᛫ ursine ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bearwort bearƿurt ᛫ a Meum athamanticum plant ( spignel , meum , baldmoney ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
beat ᛫ rhythm ᛫ a unit of rhythm ᛫ N ~ NE
beat ᛫ to curb ᛫ to rein in ᛫ to restrain ᛫ to keep in check ᛫ V bǣtan OE
beath beaþ ᛫ to foment ᛫ to heat ( esp unseasoned wood in order to straighten it ) ᛫ V ~[bēthen][beþian] ANE [CED]
beaver moon beafer ᛫ a full moon in November ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
bebathe bebaþe ᛫ to suffuse ᛫ V ~ NE
bebid ᛫ to command ᛫ V bebēodan OE
becall ᛫ to accuse ᛫ V becall&bicallen NE&ME
beck ᛫ a commanding or summoning motion ᛫ N ~ NE
beck ᛫ a brook ᛫ a small stream ᛫ a rivulet ᛫ N ~ NE‹ME‹N
beckon ᛫ to invite ᛫ to invite over ᛫ to summon ᛫ to gesture someone for their presence ᛫ V ~ NE
beckoningly ᛫ indicative ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ gebīcnigendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
beclepe ᛫ to accuse ᛫ to charge against ᛫ to plead or appeal in court ᛫ to apply a term to ᛫ V beclepen ME PST: beclept
beclip ᛫ to surround ᛫ to encircle ᛫ to embrace ᛫ to clasp ᛫ to enclose ᛫ to contain ᛫ to envelope ᛫ V biclippen ME
becloud beclude ᛫ to make obscure or muddled ᛫ V ~ NE
becoming ᛫ looking good on someone ᛫ decorous ᛫ appropriate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bedder ᛫ a bed fellow ᛫ N gebedda OE
bedeal ᛫ to remove from ᛫ to release from ᛫ to deprive of ᛫ V bedǣlan OE
bedelve bedelf ᛫ to inter ᛫ V bidelven ME
bedesman ᛫ one who prays for another ᛫ a petitioner ᛫ N ~ NE
bedfellow bedfelloƿ ᛫ a consort ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N)
bedight bedigt ᛫ to equip ᛫ V ~ NE
bedip ᛫ to submerge ᛫ V bedipan OE
bedizen bedisen ᛫ to dress ( often in a vulgar or gaudy way ) [ᛏ] ᛫ V ~ NE rhyme: risen; horizon
bedoven bedofen ᛫ drenched ᛫ submerged ᛫ AJ ~[bedōven][bedofen] NE
bedrock ᛫ a substratum ᛫ N ~ NE
bedsit ᛫ a one-room apartment serving as both bedroom and living room ᛫ N ~ NE or: bedsitter
bedwell bedƿell ᛫ to dwell in ᛫ to inhabit ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
bee ᛫ a bracelet ᛫ a torque ᛫ an arm ring ᛫ an armlet ᛫ a finger ring ᛫ a collar ᛫ a necklace ᛫ a nose ring ᛫ N bee&bei[beah] NE&ME
beebread ᛫ pollen ᛫ ambrosia ᛫ N ~ NE
beechurl beecerl ᛫ a beekeeper of the churl class ᛫ N bēoceorl OE
beechwheat beechƿeat ᛫ buckwheat ᛫ N ~ NE [OED] ᛫ "buckwheat" is probably from Dutch.
beed ᛫ a table ᛫ N bēode[bēod] ME
beedland ᛫ a tableland ᛫ a plateau ᛫ N bēode ME+NE calque: tableland
beehouse beehuse ᛫ an apiary ᛫ N ~ NE
beek ᛫ to charter ᛫ to grant by book or by charter ᛫ V gebēcan OE
beekeeper ᛫ an apiarist ᛫ N ~ NE
beely ᛫ apian ᛫ AJ ~ NE
beem ᛫ a trumpet ᛬ to sound with a trumpet ᛫ N᛬V bēme ME
beerlore ᛫ brewology ᛫ N beerlore NE
beership beerscip ᛫ a banquet with beer ᛫ convivium ᛫ N gebēorscipe OE
beestings ᛫ a colostrum ( esp of a cow ) ᛫ N ~[bẹ̄sting][bȳsting] NE [CED]
beet ᛫ a boast threat or pledge to do a glorious deed ᛫ N beot[bēot] ME
beet ᛫ to repair ᛫ to mend ᛫ to revive ᛫ to restore ᛫ to fix ᛫ to correct ᛫ to amend ᛫ V beet&bēten[bētan] NE&ME kin: boot
beetle beetel ᛫ to project ᛫ to overhang ᛫ V ~ ANE [OED]
beetle beetel ᛫ a mallet ᛫ mallet carried on a plow for breaking large clods ᛫ a mace ᛫ N bẹ̄tel ME
befall ᛫ to happen ᛫ to happen to someone ᛫ V ~ NE PST: befell ᛫ PTCP: befallen
befalling ᛫ a happening ᛫ an occurrence ᛫ an event ᛫ an instance of something ᛫ N befalling&bifallinge NE&ME
befasten ᛫ to fasten ᛫ to entrust ᛫ V befæstan OE
befile ᛫ to defile ᛫ to vandalize ᛫ to deflower ᛫ V ~[befȳlan] NE kin: befoul
befoe ᛫ to become a foe of ᛫ to make a foe of someone ᛫ V ~ NE
beforehand ᛫ in advance ᛫ AV ~ NE
befoul befule ᛫ to make foul or dirty ᛫ to pollute ᛫ V ~ NE kin: befile
begale ᛫ to enchant ᛫ to charm ᛫ V bigālen[begalan] ME
begang ᛫ a course ᛫ a passage ᛬ to commit ᛫ to practise a behaviour ᛫ N᛬V begang&begangan OE
beget ᛫ to produce ᛫ to create ᛫ to cause ᛫ to sire ᛫ to generate ᛫ to engender ᛫ to conceive ᛫ V ~ NE PST: begot/begat ᛫ PTCP: begotten
begetter ᛫ a procreator ᛫ N ~ NE
begetting ᛫ conception ᛫ N ~[biyetinge] NE
beghast begast ᛫ to inspire ᛫ to amaze ᛫ to shock ᛫ to awe ᛫ V ~ NE
bego ᛫ to cover ᛫ to ornament ᛫ to overtake ᛫ V bigōn[begān] ME found in: woebegone
begod ᛫ to deify ᛫ V ~ NE
begone ᛫ avaunt! ᛫ I ~ NE
begreed ᛫ to blame ᛫ to charge ( with a crime ) ᛫ to accuse ( of a crime ) ᛫ V begrēden[grǣdan] ME
begripe ᛫ to grip ᛫ to seize ᛫ to rebuke ᛫ to reprehend ᛫ V bigrīpen ME
begriprown begriprune ᛫ a logographic rune ᛫ N be+grip+rown NE×3 calque: Begriffsrune
behalf ᛫ the interests of a person group or principle ᛫ a representative of ᛫ one's stead ᛫ N ~ NE
behaving behafing ᛫ behavior ᛫ behaviour ᛫ N ~ NE
behead ᛫ to decapitate ᛫ V ~ NE
beheart ᛫ to enamour ᛫ ravish ᛫ V ~ NE
Beheem ᛫ a Bohemian ᛫ N(P) behēmas{bēme} OE
Beheemland ᛫ Bohemia ᛫ N(P) behēmas+land OE+NE
beheeve beheef ᛫ beneficial ᛫ AJ bihēve ME
behest ᛫ an order ᛫ a command ᛫ N ~ NE
behight behigt ᛫ to vow ᛫ to promise ᛫ V behight&beheten NE&ME
behirn ᛫ to put in a corner ᛫ to store away ᛫ V bihirnen ME
behither behiþer ᛫ on this side of ᛫ P ~ NE
behold ᛫ to see ( something ) ᛫ to observe ᛫ V ~ NE
beholden ᛫ owing obedience or a favour to something or someone ᛫ AJ ~ NE
beholder ᛫ an observer ᛫ N ~ NE
behoof ᛫ advantage ᛫ benefit ᛫ N ~ NE
behoove behoof ᛫ to benefit [ᛏ] ᛫ to suit [ᛏ] ᛫ to be proper for [ᛏ] ᛫ V ~ NE
behooveful behooful ᛫ expedient ᛫ beneficial ᛫ advantageous ᛫ profitable ᛫ suitable ᛫ proper ᛫ requisite ᛫ AJ behoveful&bihọ̄veful NE&ME
behoovely behoofly ᛫ expedient ᛫ beneficial ᛫ advantageous ᛫ profitable ᛫ suitable ᛫ proper ᛫ requisite ᛬ advantageously ᛫ profitably ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
behote ᛫ a promise ᛫ a pledge ᛬ to promise ᛫ to pledge ᛫ N᛬V bihōt&bihōten ME&ME
being ᛫ existence ᛫ the nature of a being ᛫ an existing thing ᛫ essential nature ᛫ essence ᛫ N being&bẹ̄ing NE&ME
beingless ᛫ non-existent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
beknow beknoƿ ᛫ to know ᛫ to realize ᛫ to recognize ᛫ to acknowledge something as true ᛫ V biknouen ME
belap ᛫ to surround ᛫ to envelop ᛫ V ~ NE
belatch belac ᛫ to catch ( like in a trap ) ᛫ V belacchen ME
belate ᛫ to retard ᛫ to slow ᛫ to slow down ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
belated ᛫ late ᛫ overdue ᛫ AJ ~ NE
belay ᛫ to stop ᛫ to cancel (nautical) ᛫ V ~ NE
belew beleƿ ᛫ to betray ᛫ V belǣwan OE kin: 𐌻𐌴𐍅𐌾𐌰𐌽
Belgia ᛫ Belgium ᛫ N(P) België NL [g] or maybe even [j] but not [dʒ]
belide ᛫ to cover ᛫ V behlīdan OE kin: lid?
belie ᛫ to misrepresent ᛫ to give a false impression of ᛫ V ~ NE
belight beligt ᛫ to illuminate ᛫ V ~ NE
belirt ᛫ to deceive ᛫ to beguile ᛫ to delude ᛫ to defraud ᛫ to cozen ᛫ V bilirten ME
belittle belittel ᛫ to denigrate ᛫ to disparage ᛫ V ~ NE
belive belife ᛫ to stay ᛫ to remain ᛫ V bilīven ME rhyme: drive
bell ᛫ a bellow ᛬ to bellow ( generally used for stag during rutting time ) ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
bellglass ᛫ a cloche ᛫ N bell-glass NE [OED]
bellhouse bellhuse ᛫ a belfry ᛫ N ~ NE
bellyache bellyake ᛫ to grumble ᛫ V ~ NE
beload ᛫ to exculpate ᛫ to absolve ᛫ to acquit ᛫ to pardon ᛫ V belādian OE
beltsaw beltsaƿ ᛫ a bandsaw ᛫ N belt saw NE [OED]
bemean ᛫ to demean ᛫ to debase ᛫ to degrade ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
bemete ᛫ to compare ᛫ V bemetan OE
bemiddle bemiddel ᛫ to mediate ᛫ V be+middle NE×2 calque: bemiddelje
bemiddling bemiddeling ᛫ mediation ᛫ N be+middle+ing NE×3 calque: bemiddelje
bemoan ᛫ to complain ᛫ to complain about ᛫ V ~ NE
ben ᛫ an injury ᛬ to injure ᛫ N᛬V benn&bennian OE kin: bane
benchmark bencmark ᛫ a standard ( something others are compared to ) ᛫ N ~ NE
bend ᛫ a bond ᛫ a band ᛫ a binding commitment ᛫ an obligation ᛫ N bende ME
bendsome bendsum ᛫ flexible ᛫ pliable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bene ᛫ a request to a god ᛫ an entreaty to a god ᛫ a prayer ᛫ N&ME bene&bēne[bēn/bōn] NE
benetide ᛫ prayer time ᛫ N bēntīd OE
benim ᛫ to deprive ᛫ V binimen[beniman] ME
benorth benorþ ᛫ north of ᛫ P ~ NE
benote ᛫ to use ᛫ to consume ᛫ V benōten[benotian] ME
bent ᛫ an inclination ᛬ sharply curved ᛫ dishonest ᛫ corrupt ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
Benthamish Benþamisc ᛫ of or pertaining to the utilitarianist doctrines of Jeremy Bentham ᛫ AJ(P) Bentham+ish NE×2 calque: Benthamian
Bentleyish Bentleyisc ᛫ of or relating to American political scientist and philosopher Arthur Fisher Bentley ᛫ AJ(P) Bentley+ish NE×2 calque: Bentleyan
bentmoon ᛫ a crescent moon ᛫ N bente mone ME
benumb ᛫ to deprive of physical or emotional feeling ᛫ V benumb NE [LEX]
bequeath becƿeaþ ᛫ to give ( esp through a will ) ᛫ V becweþan OE
bequest becƿest ᛫ the act of giving through inheritance ᛫ a legacy ᛫ an inheritance ᛫ N ~ NE
bere ᛫ barley ᛫ N bēre[bere] ME barley comes from "bere-ly"
bere ᛫ -bearing ᛫ SUFFIX bere[bǣre] ME
bereave bereaf ᛫ to deprive ᛫ V ~ NE PTCP: bereft
beright berigt ᛫ to entitle ᛫ V be+right NE×2
berise ᛫ to befit ᛫ V birīsen ME
berman ᛫ a porter ᛫ a waiter ᛫ N berman[bǣrman] ME
bern ᛫ a man ᛫ a soldier ᛫ N bern[beorn] ME
bernet ᛫ arson ᛫ N bernet[bærnet] OE
Bernick ᛫ the Bernicians ᛫ N(P) Beornice OE‹C?
Bernickrich Bernickric ᛫ the Kingdom of Bernicia ᛫ N(P) Beornice Rīce OE‹C?+OE‹C
berth berþ ᛫ a position ( as in a rank job or role in a group esp in regards to ships ) ᛫ N ~ NE
berue bereƿ ᛫ to repent ᛫ to regret ᛫ to feel remorse ᛫ V bireuen ME
beruse bereƿs ᛫ to repent ᛫ to feel remorse ᛫ V bireusen [behrēowsian] ME not akin to "ruse" as in "a trick"
berusing bereƿsing ᛫ repentance ᛫ penitence ᛫ N behrēowsung OE
berusingtide bereƿsingtide ᛫ a season for penitence ᛫ N behrēowsungtīd OE
besee ᛫ to attend to ᛫ to look after ᛫ to provide for ᛫ to furnish ᛫ V besee&bisēn NE&ME
beseech beseec ᛫ to implore ᛫ to plead ᛫ V ~ NE PST/PTCP= besought
beseem ᛫ to be suitable for ᛫ V ~ NE
beset ᛫ to surround ᛫ to hem in ᛫ to trouble persistently ᛫ to be covered or studded with ᛫ to assail on all sides ᛫ V ~ NE
beshine bescine ᛫ to illuminate ᛫ to enlighten ᛫ to dispel ignorance ᛫ V bishīnen ME
beshrew bescreƿ ᛫ to curse ( to invoke evil upon ) ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
besight besigt ᛫ a legal provision ᛫ a legal disposition ᛫ N besight ME kin: besee ᛫ rare
besing ᛫ to sing about ᛫ to celebrate in song ᛫ to enchant ᛫ V besing&besingan NE&OE
besit ᛫ to sit around something ᛫ to besiege ᛫ V ~ NE PST: besat
besmite ᛫ to strike forcefully ᛫ to hit forcefully ᛫ to infatuate ᛫ to enamour ᛫ to charm ᛫ to fascinate ᛫ V ~ NE
besmitten ᛫ afflicted or troubled by something ᛫ infatuated ᛫ enamoured ᛫ charmed ᛫ fascinated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
besom ᛫ a broom ( esp one made of twigs tied to a handle ) ᛫ a bundle of rods or twigs used for flogging ᛫ N ~[bē̆sm] NE [CED]
besouth besuþe ᛫ south of ᛫ P ~ NE
bespeak ᛫ to order or reserve something in advance ᛫ to customize [ᚹ] ᛫ V bespeak&besprecan NE&OE
bespoke ᛫ custom ( as in customized ) ᛫ tailor-made ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bestead ᛫ situated ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
bestir ᛫ to put into brisk or vigorous action ᛫ to move with life and vigour ᛫ to make active ᛫ to rouse oneself ᛫ V ~ NE
bestow bestoƿ ᛫ to endow ᛫ V ~ NE
bestrew bestreƿ ᛫ to cover with scattered objects ᛫ V ~ NE
bestride ᛫ to straddle ᛫ to dominate ᛫ V ~ NE [LEX]
beswathe besƿaþe ᛫ to cover ( literally or figuratively ) ᛫ V ~ NE
beswink besƿink ᛫ to produce or acquire through labour ᛫ V beswinken ME
betake ᛫ to grant ᛫ to give a daughter in marriage ᛫ to entrust ᛫ to put in charge ᛫ V ~[bitāken] ME‹(E+N)
beteach beteac ᛫ to hand over ᛫ to commit ( like to an asylum ) ᛫ to deliver ᛫ to entrust ᛫ V bitēchen&betǣcan ME&OE
betee ᛫ to devote ᛫ to spend ᛫ V bitēn ME
beteem ᛫ to allow ᛫ to permit ᛫ to vouchsafe ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]; CED
beteld ᛫ to cover ᛫ to surround ᛫ V biteldan OE
bethatch beþac ᛫ to bedeck ᛫ V ~ NE
bethew beþeƿ ᛫ to enthral ᛫ to enthrall ᛫ to enslave ᛫ to inslave ᛫ V be+thew NE×2
bethink beþink ᛫ to reflect ᛫ to meditate ᛫ to ponder ᛫ to meditate on [ᛏ] ᛫ to think about [ᛏ] ᛫ to devise ᛫ to plan ᛫ to contrive ᛫ V bethink&bethinken NE&ME
bethought beþougt ᛫ thought out ᛫ planned ᛫ premeditated ᛫ AJ bithought ME
bethrall beþrall ᛫ to enthral ᛫ to enthrall ᛫ V ~ NE‹(E+N)
bethring beþring ᛫ to throng around ᛫ to press around ᛫ V beþringan OE PST: bethrang ᛫ PTCP: bethrung
bethwack beþƿack ᛫ to thwack thoroughly ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
betide ᛫ to happen ᛫ to happen to someone ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
betightle betigtel ᛫ to accuse ᛫ to charge with a crime ᛫ V betīhtlian OE
betimes ᛫ on time ᛫ promptly ᛫ early ᛫ in due time ᛫ AV ~ NE
betly ᛫ excellent ᛫ AJ betlīc OE
betoken ᛫ to indicate ᛫ to signify ᛫ to portend ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
betroth betroþ ᛫ to engage ( to be married ) ᛫ to affiance ᛫ V ~ NE
betrothed betroþed ᛫ a fiancé / a fiancée ᛬ engaged ( to be married ) ᛫ affianced ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
betrothing betroþing ᛫ an engagement ( to being married ) ᛫ an affiancing ᛫ a betrothal ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
better ᛫ a superior ᛬ to improve ᛫ to make better ᛫ to overcome ᛫ to defeat ᛬ superior ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~ NE
betterhood ᛫ superiority ᛫ N ~ NE
between betƿeen ᛫ inter- ᛫ PREFIX betweon OE
betwixt betƿixt ᛫ between ᛫ AV&P ~[betwēox] NE
betwixtblin betƿixtblin ᛫ an intermission ᛫ N betweohblinness OE
betwixtfack betƿixtfack ᛫ an interval ᛫ N betweohsfæc OE
betwixtsend betƿixtsend ᛫ to intermit ᛫ V betwyxsendan OE
betwixtset betƿixtset ᛫ interposed ᛫ AJ betwyhgeset OE
betwixtwarp betƿixtƿarp ᛫ an interjection ( grammatical term ) ᛬ to interject ᛫ N᛬V betwyxaworpennyss OE
bever befer ᛫ to tremble ᛫ to shake ᛫ to quiver ᛫ to shiver ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
bevering befering ᛫ trembling ᛫ vibrato [ᚹ] ᛫ N bevering NE calque: Bebung
bewean beƿean ᛫ to entertain ᛫ V bewenian OE
beweave beƿeaf ᛫ to wrap up ᛫ to envelop ᛫ to clothe ᛫ to entwine ᛫ V biwēven ME PST: bewove ᛫ PTCP: bewoven
beweep beƿeep ᛫ to lament ᛫ V ~ NE
bewest beƿest ᛫ west of ᛫ P ~ NE
bewilder beƿilder ᛫ to confuse ᛫ to befuddle ᛫ to disorientate ᛫ V ~ NE
bewitch beƿic ᛫ to cast a spell on ᛫ to enchant and delight ᛫ V ~ NE
bewray beƿray ᛫ to disclose reveal or divulge a secret ᛫ to expose or rat out someone ᛫ to betray ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
bewrayer beƿrayer ᛫ a betrayer ᛫ a divulger ᛫ N ~ NE
bewrite beƿrite ᛫ to write about ᛫ V ~ NE
beyet ᛫ to beget ᛫ V beyeten ME PST: beyat ᛫ PTCP: beyetten
bid ᛫ to pray ᛫ to request ᛫ V bidden[biddan] ME PST: bade ᛫ PTCP: bidden ᛫ kin: bead
bid ᛫ to command ᛫ to order ᛫ V ~[biddan&bēodan] NE PST: bade ᛫ PTCP: bidden
bid ᛫ to offer ᛫ to bid on an auction ᛫ V ~[biddan&bēodan] NE PST: bid
bidden ᛫ a barrel ᛫ a tub ᛫ N byden OE
bidding ᛫ an order ᛫ a command ᛫ an auction ᛫ N ~ NE
biddingly ᛫ imperative ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ bebēodendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
biddle biddel ᛫ an announcer ᛫ a warrant officer ᛫ a constable ᛫ a bailiff ᛫ a beadle ᛫ N bidel[bydel] ME kin: beadle (Frankish cognate?)
bide ᛫ to wait ᛫ to stay ᛫ to remain ᛫ V ~ NE
bidhouse bidhuse ᛫ a chapel ᛫ an oratory ᛫ N bēdhūs OE
bidword bidƿord ᛫ a motto ᛫ N bid+word NE×2 calque: biedwurd
Big Dipper ᛫ a bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky which is part of Ursa Major ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
biggen ᛫ to enlarge ᛫ V ~ NE
bight bigt ᛫ a curve ᛫ a bend ᛫ a corner ᛫ a bay ᛫ N bight&byht NE&OE [LEX] (partly)
bigwheel bighƿeel ᛫ a ferris wheel ᛫ N big wheel NE [MW]
bile ᛫ an ulcer ᛫ a carbuncle ᛫ a boil ᛫ a pimple ᛫ a blister ᛫ a callus ᛫ N bīl[bȳl] ME
bilk ᛫ a cheater ᛫ a hoax ᛬ to cheat ᛫ to defraud ᛫ to deceive ᛫ to craft a hoax ᛫ V ~ NE
bill ᛫ a hooked polearm ᛫ a halberd ᛫ a gisarme ᛫ a falcastrum ᛫ a mattock ᛫ a pickaxe ᛫ a pickax ᛫ N bill&bil&bil NE&ME&OE
billwhite billhƿite ᛫ simple ᛫ innocent ᛫ AJ bilewhīt ME
billwhitely billhƿitely ᛫ simply ᛫ sincerely ᛫ honestly ᛫ AV bilehwītlīce OE
bin ᛫ during ᛫ inside ᛫ within ᛫ P binne ME
bind ᛫ a restraint ᛫ a predicament ᛬ to restrain ᛫ to connect ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
binder ᛫ a determiner ( grammatical term ) ᛫ N binder NE calque: determiner
bindlestiff bindelstiff ᛫ a hobo ᛫ a tramp ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
bindstaff ᛫ a ligature ( writing ) ᛫ N bind+staf NE+ME inspired by: bindrune
bindword bindƿord ᛫ a compound word ᛫ N bind+word NE×2
bir ᛫ to behoove ᛫ ought to ᛫ should ᛫ must ᛫ to deserve to ᛫ to be fitting ᛫ to be likely to ᛫ V biren[gebyrian] ME NEEDS WORK ᛫ third person only, "it birs him" not "he birs"
bird ᛫ birth ᛫ N gebyrd OE
birdhouse birdhuse ᛫ a small house built for nesting birds ᛫ an aviary ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
birdlime ᛫ an adhesive substance used to trap birds ᛫ N ~ NE
birdling ᛫ turtle ᛫ tortoise ᛫ N byrdling OE
birdlore ᛫ ornithology ᛫ N ~ NE
birdly ᛫ avian ᛫ AJ ~ NE
birdspider ᛫ any tarantula capable of preying on small birds ᛫ a tarantula ( spider in the Theraphosidae family ) [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE equivalents Dutch "vogelspinnen" and German "Vogelspinnen" refer to any tarantula
bire ᛫ an opportunity ᛫ N bȳre OE
birl ᛫ to spin ᛫ to whirl ᛫ to twirl ᛫ V ~ NE coined in the 18th century
birl ᛫ to carouse ᛫ V ~[birlen][byrlian] NE [MW]
birler ᛫ a butler ᛫ a cupbearer ᛫ N birler ME
birr ᛫ energy ᛫ an impetus ᛫ a force ᛫ a strong wind ᛫ N birr&bir[byre?] NE&ME
birthfather birþfaþer ᛫ one's biological father ᛫ N birth father NE
birthleech birþleec ᛫ an obstetrician ᛫ N birth+leech NE×2
birthmother birþmoþer ᛫ one's biological mother ᛫ N birth mother NE
birthstead birþstead ᛫ a birthplace ᛫ N birthsted ME
bisen ᛫ a model ᛫ an example to follow ᛬ to symbolize ᛫ to betoken ᛫ N᛬V bīsne[bȳsen]&bīsnen ME&ME
bishopric ᛫ a diocese ᛫ N ~ NE‹(H+C)
bishoprich biscopric ᛫ a bishopric ᛫ N bishoprich ME‹(H+C)
bishopswort biscopsƿurt ᛫ a Stachys officinalis plant ( wood betony ) ᛫ N bishop's wort NE‹(H+E)
bist ᛫ are ( only for second person singular ) ᛫ V bist ME unrealistic/fanciful
bitter ᛫ resentful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bitterness ᛫ resentment ᛫ N ~ NE
bittock ᛫ a small bit ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
bive bif ᛫ to tremble ᛫ V bivien ME rhyme: give
black ᛫ an anarchist [ᚹ] ᛬ anarchistic [ᚹ] ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
black gold ᛫ raw petroleum ᛫ crude oil ᛫ N ~ NE poetic
black horehound horehund ᛫ a Ballota nigra plant ᛫ N ~ NE
black lead ᛫ graphite ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
black nightshade nigtscade ᛫ a Solanum nigrum plant ᛫ a Solanum americanum plant ᛫ a Solanum ptychanthum plant ᛫ N ~ NE
Black Sheep Turkmen Sceep ᛫ Qara Qoyunlu / Kara Koyunlu ᛫ N(P) Black Sheep Turkomans NE
blacksmith blacksmiþ ᛫ a worker in black metals ᛫ N ~ NE
blackthorn blackþorn ᛫ a Prunus spinosa plant ᛫ N ~ NE also called "sloe"
blackwort blackƿurt ᛫ a Symphytum officinale plant ( comfrey ) ᛫ N ~ NE also: knitback; knitwort
bladderwort bladderƿurt ᛫ an Utricularia plant ᛫ N ~ NE
blain ᛫ an inflamed swelling or sore on the skin ᛫ N ~[blein][blegen] NE [MW] ᛫ found in: chilblains
blake ᛫ to pale [ᚾ] ᛬ pale ᛫ pallid ᛫ wan ᛫ withered yellow ᛫ V᛬AJ ~[blāc] NE
blank ᛫ a horse ( originally a white one ) ᛫ N blank[blanca/blonca] ME
blast ᛫ an explosion ᛬ to explode ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
blastle blastel ᛫ explosive material ᛫ a bomb ᛫ N blast+le NE+ME
blatant ᛫ obvious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
blate ᛫ bashful ᛫ shy ᛫ sheepish ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
blaze blase ᛫ a great fire ᛬ to burn fiercely ᛫ N᛬V blaze&blæse NE&OE
bleach bleac ᛫ to make lighter in hue ᛬ pale ᛫ bleak ᛫ V᛬AJ ~ NE kin: bleak
blead ᛫ fruit ᛫ vegetables ᛫ produce ᛫ vegetation ᛫ crops ᛫ N blead&blēd NE&ME
bleak ᛫ pale ᛫ wan ᛫ pallid ᛫ desolate ᛫ miserable ᛫ depressing ᛫ uncheery ᛫ AJ ~[bleik] NE‹N kin: bleach
bleat ᛫ a cry from a sheep goat or calf ᛫ V ~ NE
bleck ᛫ ink ᛫ N ~[blēk][blæc] NE vowel tended to shorten ᛫ dialectal word
bleckern ᛫ an inkstand ᛫ N blæcern OE
bleckfish bleckfisc ᛫ a cephalopod ᛫ N blēk+fish ME+NE calque: inkfish
bleckhorn bleckhorn ᛫ an inkhorn ᛫ N blæchorn OE
blee ᛫ colouration ᛫ colour ᛫ skin colour ᛫ complexion ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
bleefaw bleefaƿ ᛫ versicolour ᛫ particoloured ᛫ multicoloured ᛫ polychromatic ᛫ AJ blēofāg OE
bleered ᛫ of myrtle hue ᛫ AJ blēorēad OE
bleeth bleeþ ᛫ timid ᛫ apprehensive ᛫ AJ blēþ[blēaþ] ME
blench blenc ᛫ a trick ᛫ a ruse ᛫ cheating ᛬ to trick ᛫ to cheat ᛫ to elude ᛫ N᛬V blench&blenchen&blencan ME&ME&OE
blend ᛫ a mix ᛫ a composite ᛬ to mix ᛫ to composite ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
bless ᛫ to sanctify ᛫ to give divine aid ᛫ V ~ NE
blessing ᛫ divine aid ᛫ a beneficial thing ᛫ one's sanction ᛫ N ~ NE
blike ᛫ to shine ᛫ to gleam ᛫ to twinkle ᛫ to glitter ᛫ to dazzle ᛫ to sparkle ᛫ V blīken&blīcan/blician ME&OE
bliket ᛫ a coruscation ᛫ a sparkle ᛫ a twinkle ᛫ N blīcettung OE
blin ᛫ cessation ᛬ to cease ᛫ to desist ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
bliss ᛫ great happiness ᛫ great joy ᛫ N ~ NE
blissen ᛫ to make blissful or happy ᛫ fill with or impart bliss to ᛫ V ~ NE
blissful ᛫ extremely happy ᛫ extremely joyful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
blissome blissum ᛫ joyous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
blithe bliþe ᛫ joyful ᛫ cheerful ᛫ carefree ᛫ concernless ᛫ indifferent ᛫ heedless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
blithely bliþely ᛫ carelessly ᛫ indifferently ᛫ gladly ᛫ joyfully ᛫ AV ~ NE
blithen bliþen ᛫ to make or become blithe ᛫ V ~ NE
blitheness bliþeness ᛫ joy ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
blither bliþer ᛫ to talk foolishly ᛫ blather ᛫ V ~ NE rhyme: wither
blithering bliþering ᛫ foolish talk ᛬ talking incoherently ᛫ jabbering ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
blithesome bliþesum ᛫ having a cheerful or careless disposition ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
blive blife ᛫ actively ᛫ vigorously ᛫ copiously ᛫ rapidly ᛫ without delay ᛫ promptly ᛫ immediately ᛫ all at once ᛫ suddenly ᛫ as soon as possible ᛫ AD ~[blīve] NE [CED]
bloak ᛫ pale ᛫ wan ᛫ pallid ᛫ AJ blōk[blāc] ME kin: bleak
bloakern ᛫ a light place ᛫ a lamp ᛫ a lantern ᛫ N blācern&blācern ME&OE
bloat ᛫ livid ᛫ pale ᛫ ghastly ᛫ AJ blāt OE
blood attering ᛫ blood poisoning ᛫ septicemia ᛫ toxemia ᛫ N blood+attering NE+NE calque: blood poisoning
blood moon ᛫ a full moon that coincides with a full lunar eclipse and that has an unusually reddish appearance ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
blood thinner þinner ᛫ an anticoagulant ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
bloodbath bloodbaþ ᛫ a massacre ᛫ N ~ NE
bloodberry ᛫ a Rivina humilis plant ᛫ pigeonberry ᛫ rougeplant ᛫ coralito ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
bloodleech bloodleec ᛫ a haematologist ᛫ a hematologist ᛫ N blood+leech NE×2
bloodletter ᛫ a phlebotomist ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
bloodline ᛫ a line of descent ᛫ a pedigree ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
bloodsax ᛫ a fleam ( a tool used for bloodletting and such ) ᛫ N blōdseax OE
bloodsucker ᛫ a vampire ᛫ N ~ NE
bloodtale ᛫ a tale involving bloodshed and violence ( specifically a cheaply published story of a sensational kind ) ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
bloodwite bloodƿite ᛫ a penalty for committing bloodshed ᛫ N ~ NE
bloom ᛫ a lump of metal ᛫ metal [ᚹ] ᛫ N blōme[blōma] ME
bloom ᛫ a flower ᛬ to produce flowers ᛫ to flourish ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹ME‹N
bloomcole ᛫ cauliflower ᛫ N bloom+cole NE×2 calque: Blumenkohl
bloomer ᛫ a serious or stupid mistake ᛫ a blunder ᛫ N ~ NE
blooming ᛫ ( used to express annoyance or for emphasis ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bloop ᛫ a low-pitched beeping sound ᛬ to make a bloop sound ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
blooper ᛫ an embarrassing public blunder ᛫ N ~ NE
bloot ᛫ sacrifice ᛬ to sacrifice ᛫ N᛬V blōt&blōtan OE
Blootmonth Blootmonþ ᛫ November ᛫ N(P) Blotmonaþ OE
blossom ᛫ a flower ᛬ to flower ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
blossom moon ᛫ a full moon in April ᛫ N blossom+moon NE×2 calque: flower moon ᛫ or: bloom moon (Norsed English)
blossomdeer ᛫ an Anthozoa animal ( a coral , a sea anemone ) ᛫ N blossom+deer NE
blossomy ᛫ flowery ᛫ AJ ~ NE
blow bloƿ ᛫ a strike ᛫ a damaging occurrence ᛫ N ~[blēwe] NE
blow bloƿ ᛫ cocaine ᛬ to make air current ᛫ to fellate ᛫ N᛬V ~[blāwan] NE
blow bloƿ ᛫ the state or period of flowering ᛬ to produce flowers ᛫ N᛬V ~[blōwan] NE
blow up bloƿ ᛫ to explode ᛫ to make explode ᛫ V ~ NE
blower bloƿer ᛫ a telephone ᛫ a phone ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
blowth bloƿþ ᛫ floruit ᛫ florescence ᛫ N ~ NE
blushworthy bluscƿorþy ᛫ embarrassing ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bly ᛫ an appearance ᛫ a faint resemblance ᛫ N ~ NE
bo ᛫ both ᛫ N(PRO) ME "both" might be from Norse "báðir"
board ᛫ a plank ᛫ a sign board ᛫ a plate ᛫ a table ᛫ a desk ᛫ a group of officials ᛫ a bureau ᛫ a department ᛫ N ~ NE meaning inspired partly by Dutch "bord"
boatswain boatsƿain ᛫ a Petty Officer charged with hull maintenance on a ship ᛫ N ~ NE or: bosun
boatward boatƿard ᛫ a ship's commander ᛫ N bātweard OE
bobcat ᛫ a Lynx rufus animal ᛫ a Lynx animal [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE‹(C+E)
bode ᛫ a commandment ᛫ an edict ᛫ a command ᛫ a prescription ᛫ a request ᛫ a message ᛫ a report ᛫ N bōd[bod] ME
bode ᛫ to declare ᛫ to announce ᛫ to proclaim ᛫ to portend ᛫ to preach ᛫ V bode&bōden&bodian NE&ME&OE
bode ᛫ a messenger ᛫ ambassador ᛫ herald ᛫ apostle ᛫ angel ᛫ foreboder ᛫ N bōde[boda] ME
bodelock ᛫ a decree ᛫ an ordinance ᛫ N bodlac ME
bodeword bodeƿord ᛫ a commandment ( usually in a religious sense ) ᛫ N bodeword ME
bodice bodis ᛫ a corset ᛫ stays ᛫ the upper part of a dress ᛫ N ~[bodies] NE [OED] ᛫ "C16: originally Scottish bodies, plural of body" - CED
bodily ᛫ corporal ᛫ material ᛫ corporeal ᛬ forcefully ᛫ in one mass ᛫ as a whole ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
body ᛫ to embody ᛫ to represent ᛫ to symbolize ᛫ V ~ NE or: inbody (calque of embody)
bodyward bodyƿard ᛫ a bodyguard ᛫ N body+ward NE×2
bog ᛫ a stretch of unforested wetland with acidic peaty soil ᛫ N ~ NE‹C
bold ᛫ a house ᛫ a castle ᛫ a mansion ᛫ an abode ᛫ N bōld ME
bolden ᛫ to embolden ᛫ to take courage ᛫ V ~ NE
bolder ᛫ a hero ? ᛫ a prince ? ᛫ N bealdor/baldor OE
Boleyn ᛫ the city of Bologna ᛫ N Boleyn ME
bolster ᛫ a cushion ᛫ a pillow ᛬ to reinforce ᛫ to boost ᛫ N᛬V bolster&bolster NE&OE
bond ᛫ a connection ᛫ a tie ᛫ a commitment ᛫ a pledge ᛫ an obligation ᛫ a duty ᛫ a mutual agreement ᛫ a covenant ᛫ a contract ( in all senses ) ᛫ N bond&bond NE‹‹N&ME‹N
bonddom ᛫ servitude ᛫ bondage ᛫ N bondedom ME‹(N+E)
bondfolk ᛫ people in a state of bondage ᛫ serfs ᛫ N ~ NE
bondland ᛫ land held by tenure of bond service or rent ᛫ N bondelond ME
boneframe ᛫ a skeleton ᛫ N bone+frame NE×2
bonehead ᛫ a stupid person ᛫ N ~ NE
bonehouse bonehuse ᛫ a body ( poetic ) ᛫ a charnel house ᛫ an ossuary ᛫ N ~[bānhūs] NE
boneleech boneleec ᛫ an orthopaedist ᛫ an orthopedist ᛫ N bone+leech NE×2
boner ᛫ an erection ᛫ a blunder ᛫ N ~ NE slang
bones ᛫ dice ᛫ N ~ NE
book ᛫ a tome ᛬ to charter ᛫ to get something reserved ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE PL: books; beech (archaic)
book of god ᛫ a holy book ᛫ the Bible ᛫ the Qur'an ᛫ N ~ NE [OED] ᛫ or: god's book
bookcraft ᛫ the art of literature ᛫ N ~ NE
bookend ᛫ to occur or be located on either side of something ᛫ V ~ NE
booker ᛫ a writer a scribe an author ᛫ N bōcere OE
bookfell ᛫ a sheet of vellum parchment or paper ᛫ vellum ᛫ parchment ᛫ paper ᛫ N ~ NE
bookhoard ᛫ a library ( a collection of books ) ᛫ N ~ NE
bookhouse bookhuse ᛫ a library ( a building to house books ) ᛫ N ~ NE
bookkeeper ᛫ an accountant ᛫ N ~ NE
bookland ᛫ land held by charter or written title which is free from service and fines ᛫ N ~ NE
bookling ᛫ a booklet ᛫ N ~ NE
booklore ᛫ bibliology ᛫ N ~ NE
booklover booklufer ᛫ a bibliophile ᛫ N ~ NE
bookly ᛫ literary ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bookman ᛫ a literary man ᛫ a scholar ᛫ N ~ NE
bookshop bookscop ᛫ a bookstore ᛫ N ~ NE
bookspeech bookspeec ᛫ literary language ᛫ N ~ NE
bookstaff ᛫ a letter ( like A B or C ) ᛫ N ~ NE
bookward bookƿard ᛫ a librarian ᛫ N book+ward NE+NE calque: bókavörður
bookwork bookƿork ᛫ literary work ᛫ study ᛫ N bōcweorc OE
bookwright bookƿrigt ᛫ an author of books ᛫ N ~ NE
boomer ᛫ a large male kangaroo ᛫ a kangaroo ᛫ N ~ NE
boon ᛫ a benefit ᛫ a favour ᛫ a request ᛫ a petition ᛫ N ~[bōn] NE‹N
boor ᛫ a peasant ᛫ an uncultured person ᛫ N ~ NE‹NL
boorish boorisc ᛫ rude ᛫ crude ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹NL
boose ᛫ a stall for an animal ( usually a cow ) ᛫ N ~ NE
boot ᛫ remedy ᛫ compensation ᛫ amends ᛫ redress ᛬ to avail ᛫ to profit ᛫ to benefit ᛫ to redress ᛫ N᛬V boot&bōt NE&OE found in: to boot
booten ᛫ to heal ᛫ to cure ᛫ to recover from illness ᛫ V botnen ME
bootet ᛫ to repair ᛫ V bōtettan OE
bootful ᛫ useful ᛫ AJ bōteful ME
bootless ᛫ profitless ᛫ pointless ᛫ unavailing ᛫ ineffectual ᛫ useless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bootworthy bootƿorþy ᛫ pardonable ᛫ expiable ᛫ able to get atoned for ᛫ AJ bōtwyrþe OE
bore ᛫ a drill ᛬ to perforate ᛫ to pierce ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
borough boroug ᛫ a city ᛫ a municipality ᛫ a fortified settlement ( historical definition ) ᛫ N ~[burg/burh/buruh] NE or: burgh ᛫ may be "bury" in place names
borougher borouger ᛫ a citizen ᛫ N ~{burgware} NE
boroughership borougerscip ᛫ citizenship ᛫ N ~ NE
borougherwye borougerƿye ᛫ a civil war ᛫ N borough+er+wye NE×2+ME calque: boargeroarloch; Bürgerkrieg
boroughland borougland ᛫ city land ᛫ N burhland OE
boroughlaw borouglaƿ ᛫ civil law ᛫ N borough+law NE×2‹N calque: Bürgerliches Gesetz; Burgerlijk Wet
boroughman borougman ᛫ a citizen ᛫ N burhman OE
boroughreeve borougreef ᛫ a mayor ᛫ a governor of a city ᛫ N burhgerefa OE could be shortened by analogy with sheriff (boriff? boroughiff?)
boroughward borougƿard ᛫ a city guard ᛫ N burhweard OE
boroughwit borougƿit ᛫ a city counsellor ᛫ a city counselor ᛫ N burhwita OE
boroughy borougy ᛫ urban ᛫ municipal ᛫ civil ( as in "having to do with cities" ) ᛫ AJ borough+y NE×2
borrow borroƿ ᛫ a guarantor ᛫ a surety ᛫ a piece of armor ᛬ to lend or borrow a surety or a loan ᛫ N᛬V borrow&borwen&borgh NE&ME&ME becomes -bour/-bor in compounds (harbour/harbor)
bosom ᛫ the front of the thorax ( the chest ) ᛫ a person's loving care and protection ᛫ N ~[bōsm] NE
botch boc ᛫ to misperform ᛫ V ~ NE
bothen boþen ᛫ a Rosmarinus officinalis plant ( rosemary ) ᛫ N bothen ME
bothhanded boþhanded ᛫ ambidextrous ᛬ ambidextrously ᛫ AJ᛬AV bothhanded NE
bottle bottel ᛫ an abode ᛫ a dwelling ᛫ a habitation ᛫ N botel[botl] ME
bough buge ᛫ a branch ᛫ N ~ NE rhyme: plough
bouk book ᛫ a bulging vessel such as a bottle jug pitcher or bulb ᛫ a belly ᛫ an abdomen ᛫ a torso ᛫ N bouk&būc ME&OE
bound bund ᛫ going or ready to go towards a specified place ᛫ destined or very likely to have a specified experience ᛫ AJ ~[boun][N buinn] NE‹N [CED]
bounden bunden ᛫ obligatory ᛫ AJ ~ NE
bout bute ᛫ a period of intense activity which does not last long ᛫ an attack of illness or strong emotion ᛫ N ~ NE
bow bue ᛫ to dwell ᛫ to inhabit ᛫ to occupy ᛫ V būan/būgan OE kin: bold (dwelling)
bower bure ᛫ a bedroom ( esp a boudoir ) ᛫ a dwelling ᛫ a shady place ( like in a garden ) ᛫ N ~[būr] NE rhyme: tower
bower bure ᛫ a young hawk ᛫ N ~ NE rhyme: tower ᛫ literally: branch-er
bower bure ᛫ a farmer ᛫ a boor ᛫ a jack ( playing cards ) ᛫ a pawn [ᚹ] ᛫ N gebūr OE rhyme: tower
bower boƿer ᛫ a bowyer ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
bowerbird burebird ᛫ an Australasian ptilonorhynchidae bird ᛫ N bower bird NE
bowerland bureland ᛫ farmland ᛫ land of farmers ᛫ N būrlō̆nd ME
bowerthane bureþane ᛫ a chamberlain ᛫ N burþein[būrþegen] ME
bowman boƿman ᛫ an archer ᛫ N ~ NE
bowmanship boƿmanscip ᛫ archery ᛫ toxophily ᛫ N bowman+ship NE+NE modelled on swordsmanship
bown bune ᛫ to get ready ᛫ to get prepared ᛫ to get going ᛫ V bounen ME‹N
Bragman ᛫ a brahmin ᛫ an Indian ( erroneous ) ᛫ N Bragmā̆n ME‹I
braid ᛫ a weave of strands ᛫ a sudden jerk ᛫ a moment ᛫ an instant ᛫ a second [ᚹ] ᛬ to intertwine ᛫ to move suddenly ᛫ to rush ᛫ to jump ᛫ N᛬V braid&breid&breiden NE&ME&ME PST: braided; braid ᛫ "at a braid" = "in a moment"
brainleech brainleec ᛫ a neurologist ᛫ N brain+leech NE×2
brainpan ᛫ a skull ᛫ a brain ᛫ N ~ NE
brainwash brainƿasc ᛫ to indoctrinate ( in the negative sense ) ᛫ V ~ NE calque: 洗腦
brake ᛫ a thicket ᛫ N ~ NE
brakestreeling ᛫ bremsstrahlung ( an electromagnetic radiation produced by the deceleration of a charged particle ) ᛫ N brake+streel+ing NE+ME+NE calque: Bremsstrahlung
brambleberry brambelberry ᛫ a blackberry ᛫ N brǣmelberie OE
brand ᛫ a torch ᛫ a flame ᛫ a mark made with fire ᛫ a logo or reputation ᛫ a sword ᛫ a mark of disgrace ᛫ a stigma ᛫ N ~ NE supposedly means "sword" because swords shine kind of like fire
brandred ᛫ a trivet ᛫ N brandrād{brandred} OE various spellings (brandroad, brandrid, etc) seem plausible
brant ᛫ high ᛫ steep ᛫ erect ᛫ perpendicular ᛫ arched ( eyebrows ) ᛫ AJ brant ME‹N
brass ᛫ brass ( alloy of copper and zinc ) ᛫ bronze ( alloy of copper and tin ) ᛫ N brass&bras[bræs] NE&ME brass meant both brass and bronze in Middle English
brassy ᛫ Kyphosus vaigiensis ᛬ resembling brass ᛫ impudent ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
brat ᛫ a cloak of coarse cloth ᛫ N brat[bratt] ME‹OE‹C
brazen brasen ᛫ made of brass ᛫ audacious ᛫ barefaced ᛫ harsh and loud sounding ᛫ resolute ᛫ AJ ~ NE
breach breac ᛫ a rupture ᛫ a fissure ᛫ N ~ NE kin: break
breadth breadþ ᛫ an extent ᛫ a range ᛫ a measure of how broad something is ᛫ N ~ NE
breadthwise breadþƿise ᛫ in terms of breadth ᛫ horizontal ᛬ in a horizontal manner ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
breakdown breakdune ᛫ a system's collapse ᛫ N ~ NE
breakneck ᛫ dangerously or extremely fast ᛫ AJ ~ NE
breakth breakþ ᛫ brokenness ᛫ N brecþ OE
breakwater breakƿater ᛫ a jetty ( as in a barrier which protects from waves ) ᛫ N ~ NE
breast ᛫ a thorax ᛫ a chest of a creature ᛫ N ~[brẹ̄st][brēost] NE
breastband ᛫ a brassiere ᛫ a bra ᛫ N brẹ̄st band/brestbande ME
breastbone ᛫ a sternum ᛫ N ~[brẹ̄stbōn] NE
breastbour breastbor ᛫ a breastplate ᛫ a piece of breast armour ᛫ N brēostbeorh OE
breastgirdle breastgirdel ᛫ a brassiere ᛫ N brẹ̄st girdel ME
breathlessness breaþlessness ᛫ dyspnea ᛫ N ~ NE
bred ᛫ a surface ᛫ a table ᛫ a tablet ᛫ a board ᛫ a plank ᛫ a log ᛫ N bred[bred] ME
bredheel ᛫ a platform heel ᛫ N bred+heel OE+NE
bree ᛫ to fear ᛫ to frighten ᛫ to terrify ᛫ V breen[brēgan] ME kin: braid ?
bree ᛫ porridge ᛫ pulse ( edible leguminous seeds ) ᛫ meat broth ᛫ vegetable liquor ᛫ aleberry ( ale boiled with spices and sugar ) ᛫ N brẹ̄ ME kin: brew
breeches breeces ᛫ pants ᛫ trousers ᛫ N ~ NE or: britches, breeks
breed ᛫ roasted meat ᛫ grilled meat ᛫ a roast ᛫ barbecue ᛬ to roast ᛫ to fry ᛫ to grill ᛫ to roast ᛫ to barbecue ᛫ N᛬V brēde&brēden ME&ME
breed ᛫ a sub-type within a species ᛫ N ~[brēdan] NE kin: brood
breem ᛫ to celebrate someone ᛬ celebrated ᛫ illustrious ᛫ splendid ᛫ vigorous ᛫ fierce ᛫ savage ᛫ ferocious ᛫ tempestuous ᛫ V᛬AJ brēme&brēman ME&OE
breer ᛫ a briar ᛫ N brēr ME "briar" may be French influenced
breet ᛫ to break ᛫ to bruise ᛫ to destroy ᛫ to degenerate ᛫ V brēotan OE
brerd ᛫ a rim ᛫ a brim ᛫ a brink ᛫ an edge ᛫ N brērd[brerd/breord] ME
brewhouse breƿhuse ᛫ a brewery ᛫ N brewhouse NE
brey ᛫ a ruler ᛫ N brego[bregu/brege] OE
brich bric ᛫ useful ᛫ advantageous ᛫ AJ brīce&brȳce ME&OE
bridal ᛫ a nuptial ᛬ nuptial ᛫ N᛬AJ ~[brȳdealo] NE the "-al" at the end isn't from Latin
bridelock ᛫ nuptials ᛫ N brūdlāc ME
bridewort brideƿurt ᛫ meadowsweet ( Filipendula ulmaria ) ᛫ Spiraea salicifolia ᛫ Spiraea alba ᛫ N ~ NE
bridgeask bricgask ᛫ a tuatara ᛫ N bridge+ask NE×2 calque: Brückenechse
bridle bridel ᛫ the headgear used to control a horse ᛫ N ~ NE
brightness brigtness ᛫ luminance ᛫ AJ ~ NE
brightom brigtom ᛫ glittering ᛫ scintillation ᛫ twinkling ᛫ a moment ᛫ an instant ᛫ a second [ᚹ] ᛫ N bearhtm{bearhtmhwīl} OE "moment" by association with the twinkling of an eye
brightomwhile brigtomhƿile ᛫ a moment ᛫ an instant ᛫ a second [ᚹ] ᛫ N bearhtmhwīl OE
brim ᛫ a sea ᛫ an ocean ᛫ water ᛫ a flood ᛫ an edge of water ᛫ N ~ NE
brimhinx brimhinx ᛫ a ship ( poetic ) ᛫ N brimhengest OE
brimstone ᛫ sulphur ᛫ sulfur ᛫ N ~ NE
brimyest ᛫ a mariner or a sailor ( poetic ) ᛫ N brimgǽst OE
brindled brindelled ᛫ tabby ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
brine ᛫ salt water ᛫ water saturated with salt ᛫ saline solution ᛫ N ~ NE
brinetree ᛫ a mangrove tree ᛫ N brine+tree NE×2 mangroves grow in brackish water
brinewort brineƿurt ᛫ a mangrove plant ᛫ N brine+wort NE×2 mangroves grow in brackish water
bring about abute ᛫ to produce ᛫ to cause ᛫ V ~ NE
bring forth forþ ᛫ to produce ᛫ to cause ᛫ V ~ NE
bring to mind ᛫ to remind one of ᛫ to evoke ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
bring up ᛫ to mention ᛫ V ~ NE
brird ᛫ to prick ᛫ V bryrdan OE kin: brord (OE)
brise brise ᛫ to bruise ᛫ V brī̆sen[brȳsan] ME
brist ᛫ damage ᛫ N brist[byrst] ME
bristle worm bristel ƿurm ᛫ a Polychaete animal ᛫ N ~ NE
bristly oxtongue oxtung ᛫ a Helminthotheca echioides plant ᛫ a Picris echioides plant ᛫ N ~ NE
brit ᛫ to fragment ᛫ to divide ᛫ to bruise ᛫ to indent ᛫ to shatter ᛫ V ~[brittian/bryttian] NE kin: brittle; brytja (Icelandic)
britch bric ᛫ a breach ᛫ N bruche ME "breach" may be French influenced
Britenwielder Britenƿeelder ᛫ a great king ᛫ a ruler of dispersed lands ᛫ N(P) brȳtenwalda OE
Britten ᛫ Britain ᛫ N(P) bryten OE‹C
britter ᛫ a dispenser ᛫ a distributor ᛫ N brytta OE
brittle brittel ᛫ fragile ᛫ unable to bend without breaking ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Britwales Britƿales ᛫ Britons ( in the old non-Anglo-Saxon sense ) ᛫ N(P) bretwalas/brytwalas OE
Britwelsh Britƿelsc ᛫ Brythonic language ᛬ Brythonic ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) bretwilisc OE
broadcast ᛫ a transmission ᛬ to transmit ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹(E+N)
broadly ᛫ generally ᛫ AV ~ NE
brock ᛫ a badger ᛫ N ~ NE‹C?
broken rime ᛫ a fraction ᛫ N broken+rime NE+ME calque: broken number
Bronding ᛫ one of the Brondings ᛫ someone from Brännö in Sweden ᛫ N(P) Brondingum&Brondingas OE
brood ᛫ the young of an animal ᛬ to sit on eggs to hatch them ᛫ to dwell on something that sours one's mood ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
brook ᛫ to use ᛫ to enjoy ᛫ to consume food or drink ᛫ to stomach ᛫ to tolerate ᛫ V brook&brouken[brūcan] NE&ME
broom ᛫ a Cytisus scoparius plant ᛫ a sweeping tool ᛫ N broom&brọ̄m[brōm] NE&ME
broomcorn ᛫ millet ᛫ sorghum ᛫ N broom corn NE [OED]
brord ᛫ a point ( like of grass or a spear ) ᛫ a prick ᛫ N brord OE ᛫ glosses Latin "punctus" ᛫ kin: broddr
brosen ᛫ to decay ᛫ to erode ᛫ V brosnian OE
brot ᛫ a fragment ᛫ N gebrot OE kin: brittle?
brothel broþel ᛫ a degenerate ᛫ N ~ NE
brothelhouse broþelhuse ᛫ a whorehouse ᛫ N ~ NE often shortened to "brothel"
brother broþer ᛫ a friar ᛫ a male member of a religious order ᛫ N ~ NE
brotherbane broþerbane ᛫ a fratricide ᛫ N brōþorbana OE
brotherhood broþerhood ᛫ a fraternity ᛫ N ~ NE
brotherly broþerly ᛫ fraternal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
brotherslayer broþerslayer ᛫ a fratricide ᛫ N brotherslayer NE
brotherwife broþerƿife ᛫ a brother's wife ᛫ N brōþorwīf OE
brow broƿ ᛫ terror ᛫ dread ᛫ horror ᛫ N brōga OE rhyme: grow
brown brune ᛫ a fascist [ᚹ] ᛬ fascistic ᛫ fascist ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
brown coal brune coal ᛫ lignite ᛫ N ~ NE
buck ᛫ a male animal ᛫ N ~ NE
bud ᛫ a bribe ᛫ N bud ME believed to be an offshoot of "bode"
bugbear ᛫ an ongoing problem obstacle or adversity ᛫ N ~ NE
build bild ᛫ a physique ᛫ a structure ᛬ to construct ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
buildcraft bildcraft ᛫ the art of architecture ᛫ N build+craft NE×2
builder bilder ᛫ a construction worker ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
Bulgar ᛫ a Bulgarian ᛫ N(P) Bulgarisc OE or: Pulgar (from OE Pulgare)
Bulgaria ᛫ Bulgaria ᛫ N(P) Bulgaria ME
bulk ᛫ mass ᛫ N ~ NE
bulwark bulƿark ᛫ a defensive wall ᛫ a safeguard ᛬ to fortify ᛫ to provide protection ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹NL? equivalent to "bole"+"work"
bunch bunc ᛫ a multitude ᛫ N ~ NE
burden birden ᛫ a heavy load ᛫ duty ᛫ responsibility ᛫ onus ᛫ N ~[birthen][byrþen] NE
burdensome birdensum ᛫ arduous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
burdock ᛫ an Arctium plant ᛫ N ~ NE
bure ᛫ a son ᛫ child ᛫ descendant ᛫ N byre OE
burial berriel ᛫ entombment ᛫ N burial NE
burly ᛫ stout ᛫ brawny ᛫ sturdy ᛫ AJ ~[borlīch] NE
burn ᛫ a small stream ᛫ N ~ NE or: bourn (southern England version?)
burn ᛫ a coat of mail ᛫ a hauberk ᛫ a cuirass [ᚹ] ᛫ a corslet [ᚹ] ᛫ a lorica [ᚹ] ᛫ a breastplate [ᚹ] ᛫ N byrne{brinie/burn} OE
buryleeth berryleeþ ᛫ an epitaph ᛫ a eulogy ᛫ N byrglēoþ OE
bushwhack buschƿack ᛫ to ambush ᛫ V ~ NE
business bisiness ᛫ affairs ᛫ N ~ NE
busk ᛫ to ready ᛫ to prepare ᛫ to furnish ᛫ to provide ᛫ to adorn ᛫ to clothe ᛫ V busken ME‹N
busy bisy ᛫ active ᛫ preoccupied ᛫ AJ ~[bisī][bisig] NE
busybody bisybody ᛫ a meddling or prying person ᛫ N ~ NE
but ᛫ just ᛫ only ᛫ no more than ᛬ except ᛫ other than ᛫ AV᛬P ~ NE
butterfish butterfisc ᛫ a gunnel ( fish ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹(NE‹‹I+NE) [LEX] ᛫ gunnel is of unknown, possibly Celtic origin
butterfly cod ᛫ a Pterois volitans fish ( a red lionfish ) ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
butterflytree ᛫ a Colophospermum mopane tree ᛫ a mopane ᛫ a turpentine tree ᛫ N butterfly-tree NE source: United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service
butterpear ᛫ an avocado ᛫ N butter pear NE [LEX]
buxom buxum ᛫ voluptuous ᛫ flexible ᛫ pliant ᛫ compliant ᛫ submissive ᛫ obedient ᛫ meek ᛫ AJ ~ ANE kin: bow
by dint of ᛫ by means of ᛫ by force of ᛫ P ~ NE
by heart ᛫ from memory ᛫ AV ~ NE
by hook or by crook ᛫ by any means necessary ᛫ AV ~ NE
by the rood þe ᛫ by the cross ! ( a phrase used in oath making ) ᛫ I ~ NE
bye ᛫ to bow ᛫ to bend ᛫ to turn ᛫ to inflect ( grammatical term ) ᛫ V gebīgan OE
bye ᛫ to bend ᛫ to curve ᛫ to bow ᛫ V bȳgan OE
byedness ᛫ curvature ᛫ AJ gebīgednys OE
byfare ᛫ to pass ( as in to go by, not to hand over ) ᛫ V by+fare NE×2
bygirdle bygirdel ᛫ a purse worn at the belt ᛫ N bīgirdel[bīgyrdel] ME
bygone ᛫ a thing dating from an earlier time ᛬ belonging to an earlier time ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
bying ᛫ case ( grammatical term ) ᛫ N gebīgednys OE
byland ᛫ a peninsula ᛫ N ~ NE
bylaw bylaƿ ᛫ an ordinance from a local authority ᛫ a rule made by a society to control the actions of its members ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N)
byquid bycƿid ᛫ a proverb ᛫ a fable ᛫ N bīcwide OE
byre ᛫ a barn ( esp one for cattle ) ᛫ N ~ NE
byrlady ᛫ ( an exclamation of surprise ) ᛫ I ~ NE [MW]
bysmear ᛫ mockery ᛬ to mock ᛫ deride ᛫ irritate ᛫ reproach ᛫ blaspheme ᛫ defame ᛫ revile ᛫ N᛬V bysmer&bysmerian OE
byspel ᛫ a parable ᛫ a fable ᛫ a proverb ᛫ N bīspel&bigspell ME&OE see comment
bystander ᛫ one who is present but not taking part in a situation or event ᛫ N ~ NE
bytime ᛫ leisure time ᛫ N ~ NE
bytongue bytung ᛫ a dialect ᛫ N by+tongue NE×2
bytonguelore bytunglore ᛫ dialectology ᛫ N by+tongue+lore NE×3
Bytown Bytune ᛫ Ottawa ᛫ N ~ NE ceased to be official name in 1854, remains a popular nickname
byway byƿay ᛫ a side road ᛫ N ~ NE
byword byƿord ᛫ a proverb ᛫ a proverbial saying ᛫ an epithet ᛫ an adverb ᛫ N byword&bijwoord NE&NL
cack ᛫ excrement ᛫ faeces ᛫ poop ᛫ crap ᛫ dung ᛬ to poop ᛫ to crap ᛫ to shit ᛫ N᛬V ~[cac] NE
cackhouse cackhuse ᛫ a privy ᛫ a latrine ᛫ N cachūs OE
calfbone ᛫ the fibula ᛫ N ~ NE
calfbone ᛫ a fibula ᛫ N calf+bone NE‹N+NE or: sparlirebone
calfflesh calfflesc ᛫ veal ᛫ N ~ NE
caliphdom califdom ᛫ a caliphate ᛫ N caliph+dom{caliphate} O+NE
call ᛫ a hair net ᛫ a kind of headdress ᛫ N calle ME
called for ᛫ warranted ᛫ AJ ~ NE
callow calloƿ ᛫ inexperienced ᛫ bald ᛫ unfledged ᛫ unfeathered ᛫ immature ᛫ AJ ~ NE
camp ᛫ a battle ᛫ battle ᛫ combat ᛫ armed conflict ᛬ to fight ᛫ to combat ᛫ to battle ᛫ N᛬V camp&campen[gecamp] ME‹OE‹I
candletree candeltree ᛫ a candelabrum ᛫ a chandelier ᛫ N candeltrēow OE the candle element is ultimately from Latin
canker ᛫ cancer ᛫ a plant disease characterized by cankers ᛫ N ~ NE‹OE‹I
cankerleech cankerleec ᛫ an oncologist ᛫ N canker+leech NE‹I+NE
cannel ᛫ cinnamon ᛫ a Cinnamomum zelanicum tree ᛫ N canē̆l ME‹I
canny ᛫ pleasant ᛫ fair ᛫ shrewd or astute ( esp in business matters ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
capittle capittel ᛫ a chapter ( in all senses ) ᛫ N capitle[capitol] ME‹OE‹I
caple capel ᛫ an Equidae animal ( esp a horse , esp an adult male horse ) ᛫ N ~[kapall][caballus] NE‹N‹I
careful ᛫ cautious ᛫ AJ ~ NE Helpful to show the synonyms.
careless ᛫ negligent ᛫ inattentive ᛫ perfunctory ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
carelessness ᛫ negligence ᛫ inattention ᛫ inattentiveness ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
carer ᛫ a nurse ᛫ N ~ NE
caretaker ᛫ a custodian ᛫ N ~ NE
careworn careƿorn ᛫ tired and unhappy because of prolonged worry ᛫ AJ ~ NE
cart ᛫ a paper ᛫ a treatise ᛫ N carte ME‹OE‹I
Cartain ᛫ Carthage ᛫ N(P) Cartaina OE‹O
catbear ᛫ a panda ᛫ N ~ NE [MW] ᛫ calque of Chinese?
Cathom Caþom ᛫ Caen ( city in Normandy ) ᛫ N(P) Caþum OE From the Anglo Saxon Chronicle
catlore ᛫ felinology ᛫ N ~ NE
catly ᛫ feline ᛫ AJ ~ NE
chafer ceafer ᛫ a Scarabaeidae insect ( scarab beetles ) ᛫ N ~[ceafor] NE rhyme: wafer ᛫ kin: chaff (probably)
chaff ceaf ᛫ grain husks ( collective ) ᛫ something worthless ᛫ refuse ᛫ garbage ᛫ trash ᛫ N ~ NE
chaffer ceafer ᛫ trade ᛫ commerce ᛫ merchandise ᛫ a commodity ᛬ to trade ᛫ to do business ᛫ N chaffer&chaffā̆re NE&ME‹(I+E) equal to: cheap fare
chapman ceapman ᛫ a merchant ᛫ a trader ᛫ a peddler ᛫ a bargainer ᛫ N chapman ME or: cheapman (from variant)
char cear ᛫ a turn ( one's allotted time ) ᛫ a shift ( of work or such ) ᛬ to turn ᛫ to change beliefs or allegiance ᛫ to convert ᛫ N᛬V char&chāren&cyrran NE&ME&OE kin: chare
charlady cearlady ᛫ a maid ( a cleaning lady ) ᛫ N ~ NE or: charwoman
charlock cearlock ᛫ a Cruciferae plant ᛫ N ~ NE
chary ceary ᛫ wary ᛫ hesitant ᛫ reluctant ᛫ cautiously or suspiciously reluctant to do something ᛫ anxious about doing something ᛫ AJ ~ NE kin: care ᛫ rhyme: cherry (for some at least)
chavel ceafel ᛫ a jowl ᛫ a jaw ᛫ N chavel[ceafl] ME "jowl" has French influence?
cheap ceep ᛫ bargaining ᛫ a bargain ᛬ to bargain ᛬ inexpensive ᛫ inexpensive and of poor quality AJ cheap&chēp&chēpen NE‹I&ME‹I terms like "good cheap" simplified to just "cheap"
cheaping ceeping ᛫ marketing ᛫ trading ᛫ bargaining ᛫ N chẹ̄pinge ME‹OE‹I
cheapstow ceepstoƿ ᛫ a market place ᛫ N ceapstōw OE‹(I+E)
chedder cedder ᛫ cedar ᛫ N cederbēam/cedertrēow OE‹I‹H or: cader (from cæderbēam)
cheed ceed ᛫ a pouch ᛫ a bag ᛫ a sack ᛫ N cēod OE
cheek ceek ᛫ a side of a face ᛫ a side of a window ᛫ a doorjamb ᛫ a doorpost ᛫ N ~[chẹ̄ke][cēoce/cēace] NE [OED]
cheekbone ceekbone ᛫ a zygomatic bone ᛫ N ~ NE
cheeky ceeky ᛫ impudent ᛫ insolent ᛫ impertinent ᛫ presumptuous ᛫ risqué ᛫ provocative ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
cheel ceel ᛫ a small flat-bottomed kind of ship or boat ᛫ N cēol OE "keel" seems to be Norse
cheen ceen ᛫ a torch ( of a particular kind? ) ᛫ N cēn OE
Cheese Week Cees Ƿeek ᛫ the last week of eating cheese before Lent ᛫ N(P) cȳswuce OE
cheet ceet ᛫ a cabin ᛫ a cottage ᛫ N chẹ̄te[cēte] ME
chell cell ᛫ a gullet ᛫ a front of a neck ᛫ N chelle/cholle[ceole] ME
chellender cellender ᛫ a Coriandrum sativum plant ( coriander , cilantro ) ᛫ N cellendre OE‹I
chester cester ᛫ a city ( especially one which was formerly a Roman castrum ? ) ᛫ N ceastre OE‹I
chettle cettel ᛫ a kettle ᛫ N chetel[cetel] ME kettle is Norse?
cheves ceefes ᛫ a concubine ᛫ a paramour ᛫ N cheves[ciefes/cefes/cyfes] ME ANG: ceefs?
chevesborn ceefesborn ᛫ born of a concubine ᛫ bastard ᛫ AJ cheves boren ME
chide cide ᛫ to admonish ᛫ to rebuke ᛫ to reproach ᛫ V ~ NE
child cild ᛫ a juvenile ᛫ N ~ NE PL: children; childer
Childermas cildermas ᛫ Holy Innocents' Day ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+I)
childleech cildleec ᛫ a pediatrician ᛫ N child+leech NE×2 or: barnleech
childrearing cildrearing ᛫ the bringing up of a child ᛫ parenting ᛫ N ~ NE
chilver cilfer ᛫ a ewe lamb ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
chine cine ᛫ a fissure ᛫ a chasm ᛬ to crack ᛫ to fissure ᛫ N᛬V ~[cīnu/cīnan] NE
Chinish Cinisc ᛫ Chinese ᛫ N Chinish ANE [LEX]
chink cink ᛫ a narrow opening ᛫ N ~ NE
chirk cirk ᛫ to cheer up ᛫ V ~ NE
chirkel cirkel ᛫ the circle of the Zodiac ᛫ N circul OE‹I
chirm cirm ᛫ noise ᛫ din ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
chirse cirs ᛫ a cherry ᛫ N ciris/cyrs OE‹I‹H
chirten cirten ᛫ beautiful ᛫ AJ cyrten OE
chirtenledge cirtenlecg ᛫ to beautify ᛫ V cyrtenlǣcan OE
chise cise ᛫ choosy ᛫ choice ᛫ picky ᛫ petty ᛫ overly critical ᛫ AJ chīs ME
chisel cisel ᛫ gravel ᛫ N chisel/chysel/chesel ME
chistle cistel ᛫ a Castanea plant ( a chestnut tree ) ᛫ N cystel OE‹I also: chistbeam; chistenbeam, stonechist, stonechistle
chit cit ᛫ a young beast ( such as a whelp or a cub or a kitten ) ᛫ a brat ᛫ N ~ NE
chokelew ceokeleƿ ᛫ apt to choke or suffocate someone ᛫ AJ chokeleu ME
choose ceƿs ᛫ to pick ᛫ to decide ᛫ to elect ᛫ V chēsen ME
chooseling ceƿsling ᛫ one of the elect ( of Christian myth ) ᛫ N chōsling ME
chooser ceƿser ᛫ an elector ᛫ a connoisseur ᛫ N chēsere ME
chophouse ceophuse ᛫ a steakhouse ᛫ a restaurant that specializes in steaks , chops , and similar fare ᛫ N ~ NE see: LEX
chore ceore ᛫ a task ( esp a habitual one ) ᛫ N ~ NE
Christendom Cristendom ᛫ Christianity ᛫ the Christian world ᛫ N ~ NE
church circ ᛫ a building for worship ᛫ a congregation ᛫ a communion ᛫ N ~ NE&ANE‹‹H [OED] ᛫ can be used of many religions (and was more often in the past)
churchly circly ᛫ ecclesiastical ᛫ AJ ~[cyriclīc] NE
churchman circman ᛫ a cleric ᛫ a member of the clergy ᛫ N ~ NE‹(H+E)
churchward circƿard ᛫ a custodian of a church ᛫ a sacristan ᛫ N chircheward ME‹(H+E)
churl cerl ᛫ a commoner ᛫ a peasant ᛫ a boor ᛫ N ~[chē̆rl] NE
churlborn cerlborn ᛫ low-born ᛫ AJ ceorlboren OE
churlfolk cerlfolk ᛫ the common people ᛫ N ceorlfolc OE
churlish cerlisc ᛫ servile ᛫ rustic ᛫ rude ᛫ villainous ᛫ unlearned ᛫ AJ cherlish ME
churlishness cerliscness ᛫ rudeness ᛫ vulgarity ᛫ N ceorliscnes OE
Churlwain Cerlƿain ᛫ the Big Dipper ᛫ Ursa Major ᛫ the constellation Boötes ᛫ N carlewain ME
churly cerly ᛫ vulgarly ᛫ in the manner of commoners ᛫ AV ceorllīce OE
chy cie ᛫ to call ᛫ to call upon ᛫ to invoke ᛫ to summon ᛫ V cīgan OE
chyingly cyingly ᛫ vocative ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ gecēgendlīc{cīgan} OE from Ælfric's Grammar
cinder sinder ᛫ slag ᛫ dross ᛫ impurity of metal ᛫ N ~ NE
clad ᛫ dressed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
clammy ᛫ cold and damp ᛫ AJ ~ NE
clash clasc ᛫ a conflict ᛬ to conflict ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE onomatopoeic origin
clauster ᛫ a cloister ᛫ N clauster OE‹I
cleam ᛫ to plaster ᛫ to smear ᛫ to anoint ᛫ V clēmen[clǣman] ME kin: cloam
cleancut ᛫ sharply defined ᛫ unambiguous ᛫ of wholesome appearance ᛫ AJ cleancut NE‹(E+N)
cleanhearted ᛫ pure in heart ᛫ innocent of heart ᛫ AJ clǣnheort+ed OE+NE
cleanly ᛫ habitually clean ᛫ AJ ~ NE
cleanness ᛫ moral purity ᛫ innocence ᛫ cleanliness ᛫ integrity ᛫ chastity ᛫ celibacy ᛫ N cleaness NE&ME
cleanse ᛫ to purge ᛫ to purify ᛫ V ~ NE
cleat ᛫ a wedge ᛫ N ~ NE
cleave cleaf ᛫ to sever ᛫ V ~ NE PST: clove; cleft ᛫ PTCP: cloven; cleft
cleavers cleafers ᛫ a Galium aparine plant ᛫ N ~ NE or: clivers
cleaving cleafing ᛫ cleavage ᛫ N ~ NE
cleeve cleef ᛫ a dwelling ᛫ N clēve[cleofa] ME
cleft ᛫ a fissure ᛫ N ~ NE kin: cleave
clepe ᛫ to name ᛫ to summon ᛫ to invoke ᛫ to speak ᛫ to utter ᛫ to vocalize ᛫ V clēpen[cleopian] ME PST: clept
clepend ᛫ a vowel ᛫ N cleopigend OE
clependy ᛫ vocalic ᛫ AJ cleopigend+ly OE+NE
clerk ᛫ a cleric ᛫ an office worker ᛫ one who works with records or accounts ᛫ N ~ NE‹‹OE‹I kin: cleric
clerkly ᛫ clerical ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(E‹I+E)
clew cleƿ ᛫ an indication ᛫ N ~ NE kin: clew
clew cleƿ ᛫ a sphere ᛫ a ball of thread ᛫ N ~ NE
clinch clinc ᛫ to secure a nail by bending its point ᛫ to settle a matter decisively ᛫ V ~[clench] NE [CED]
cling ᛫ to adhere ᛫ V ~ NE
cling wrap ƿrap ᛫ saran wrap ᛫ N ~ NE
clingy ᛫ sticky ᛫ adhesive ᛫ tenacious ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
clip ᛫ a flexible or spring-loaded device for holding objects ᛫ a metal holder containing firearm cartridges ᛫ N ~ NE
clip ᛫ to hug ᛫ to embrace ᛫ V clippen ME same word as "clip" meaning "binding device"
clise ᛫ to close ᛫ V clūsen[beclȳsan] ME "ū" is /yː/ ᛫ rhyme: rise
clising ᛫ a cell ᛫ N clȳsing OE‹I kin: clūsen (ME)
clithe cliþe ᛫ a plaster ᛫ a salve ᛫ a poultice ᛫ N clithe[cliþa] ME
cloam ᛫ earthenware ᛫ crockery ᛬ to plaster with clay [ᛏ] ᛫ to daub ᛬ made of clay or earthenware ᛫ N᛬AJ cloam[clām]&clōmen NE&ME [CED][MW]
clod ᛫ a lump of something ( esp clay or earth ) ᛫ N ~ NE
clog ᛫ a log ᛫ a block of wood to impede an animal's movement ᛫ a block ᛫ a lump that causes a block ᛫ a lump ᛫ N ~ NE
clot • a mass • a gobbet • a coagulation • a congelation • a concretion ᛬ to coagulate • to congeal • N:V ~ NE [OED]
clote ᛫ the burdock ᛫ the clotbur ᛫ N clote ME
clothe cloþe ᛫ to dress ᛫ to give someone clothes ᛫ to endow ᛫ V ~ NE PTCP: clad
clother cloþer ᛫ a person who makes or sells cloth or clothing ᛫ N ~ NE
clotted • coagulated • congealed • concentrated • AJ ~ NE [OED]
clough cluge ᛫ a steep valley ᛫ a ravine ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX] ᛫ rhyme: tough
clout clute ᛫ a patch ( of leather cloth metal or code ) ᛫ a blotch ᛫ a heavy blow ᛫ influence ᛬ to patch ( to mend with a patch ) ᛫ N clout&clout[clūt] NE&ME
clove clofe ᛫ a duplicate charter ᛫ a copy ᛫ a duplicate [ᚹ] ᛬ to copy [ᚹ] ᛫ to duplicate [ᚹ] ᛫ N᛬V iclova&geclofa ME&OE
clove clofe ᛫ something which is cleft ᛫ a den ᛫ a chasm ᛫ a hollow ᛫ a bulbil ᛫ a bit of garlic ᛫ a celler ᛫ N clove&clēofa NE&OE
cloven clofen ᛫ divided ᛫ AJ ~ NE
clutchfist clucfist ᛫ a miser ᛫ N ~ NE
coaf ᛫ courageous ᛫ AJ cōf[cāf] ME
coalfish coalfisc ᛫ a Pollachius virens fish ( a pollock , a saithe ) ᛫ N ~ NE AKA: pollock; saithe
coalman ᛫ a collier ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
coalmouse coalmuse ᛫ a Periparus ater bird ᛫ N coalmouse NE
coaser ᛫ an emperor ᛫ an imperator ᛫ a caesar ᛫ N cāsere OE‹I
coaserdom ᛫ imperium ᛫ N cāserdōm OE‹(I+E)
coaserly ᛫ imperial ᛫ AJ cāserlīc OE‹(I+E)
coasern ᛫ an empress ᛫ N cāsern OE‹(I+E)
coaserrich coaserric ᛫ an empire ᛫ N cāsere+rīche OE+ME calque: Kaiserreich
coath coaþ ᛫ disease ᛫ illness ᛫ sickness ᛫ N coathe[cothe][coþu] ANE used only for sheep in Modern English?
coathed coaþed ᛫ diseased ᛫ AJ ~ NE
cobweb cobƿeb ᛫ a spider's web ᛫ N ~ NE
cock ᛫ a male bird ᛫ N ~ NE
cocker ᛫ a quiver ᛫ N coker ME
cocksfoot ᛫ an Aquilegia plant ( columbine ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
cockshead ᛫ an Onobrychis plant ( a sainfoin ) ᛫ N cock's head NE
cocky ᛫ arrogant ᛫ brash ᛫ overconfident ᛫ self-important ᛫ conceited ᛫ officious ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
cod ᛫ a bag ᛫ a sack ᛫ a pouch ᛫ integument ᛫ a scrotum ᛫ N ~ NE
codapple codappel ᛫ a quince ? ᛫ N codæppel OE
codtree ᛫ a Ceratonia siliqua plant ( a carob or a locust tree ) ᛫ a Prosopsis plant ( an algarroba ) ᛫ N ~ NE
coffeehouse coffeehuse ᛫ a cafe ᛫ N ~ NE‹(O+NE)
cold moon ᛫ a full moon in December ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
coldrife ᛫ cold ᛫ chilling ᛫ gelid ᛫ frigid ᛫ AJ ~ NE
cole ᛫ any Brassica oleracea plant ( broccoli , kale , brussels sprouts , cabbage , cauliflower , kohlrabi , gai lan ) N ~[cāl]{cawel}{caulis} NE‹OE‹I kin: kale
coleneep ᛫ kohlrabi ᛫ N cole+nep NE+ME‹I calque: Kohlrabi
Coleyn ᛫ the city of Cologne ᛫ N Coleyn ME
colk ᛫ an apple core ᛫ an onion heart ᛫ a core [ᚹ] ᛫ N colk{hertecolk} ME kin: kolk (Middle Dutch); kälk (Swedish dialectal)
comeback cumback ᛫ a retort ᛫ a return to former and higher status ᛫ N ~ NE
comeliness cumliness ᛫ beauty ᛫ attractiveness ᛫ AJ ~ NE
comeling cumling ᛫ a foreigner ᛫ a stranger ᛫ an intruder ᛫ a newcomer to a religious faith ᛫ a new convert ᛫ an import ( from abroad ) ᛫ N cǒmeling ME
comelithe cumliþe ᛫ hospitable ᛫ AJ cumlīþe OE
comelitheness cumliþeness ᛫ hospitality ᛫ N cumlīþness OE
comely cumly ᛫ attractive ᛫ agreeable ᛫ suitable ᛫ proper ᛫ AJ ~ NE
comendliness cummendliness ᛫ possibility ᛫ N acumendlīcness OE
comendly cummendly ᛫ possible ᛫ AJ ācumendlic OE or: comingly; camely
comer cummer ᛫ a guest ᛫ a stranger ᛫ N cǒmere{cuma} ME
con ᛫ to study attentively ᛫ to study ᛫ V ~[cunnan] NE [LEX]
conned ᛫ educated ᛫ having studied ᛫ AJ ~ NE
conner ᛫ a student ᛫ N con+er NE×2
cook up ᛫ to fabricate ᛫ to make ( usually in a shady or rushed way ) ᛫ V ~ NE
cookiecutter ᛫ generic ( usually in a bad way ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(NL+E)
cookshop cookscop ᛫ a small or informal restaurant ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
cooler ᛫ a refrigerator ᛫ N ~ NE
coomb ᛫ a short valley or hollow on a hillside or coastline ᛫ N ~ NE‹C
cop ᛫ a spider ᛫ N ~ NE shortened from "atorcoppe" ᛫ kin: cobweb
cop ᛫ the top summit or crest of something ᛫ N ~[copp] NE [MW]
coppen ᛫ to eagerly await ᛫ V copnen ME
copper ᛫ copper ᛫ N ~[cō̆per][coper][cuprum] NE‹‹OE‹I‹H
core ᛫ discrimination ᛫ a decision ᛫ a choice ᛫ N core&gecor ME&OE
corn ᛫ a grain ᛫ maize ( grain from the Zea mays plant ) ᛫ N ~ NE
cornhouse cornhuse ᛫ a granary ᛫ N corne house ANE [OED]
Cornish Cornisc ᛫ Cornish language ᛬ Cornish ᛫ Cornubian ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) ~ NE or: Cornwelsh; Westwelsh (from OE Westwealas)
cornstone ᛫ granite ᛫ N corn+stone NE×2 calque: granite
Cornwales Cornƿales ᛫ Cornishmen ᛫ N(P) cornwealas OE or: Cornishman; Westwale (from OE Westwealas)
Cornwall Cornƿall ᛫ Cornubia ᛫ N(P) cornwealas OE or: Westwales; Cornwales
Corsick ᛫ Corsica ᛫ N(P) Corsicam OE or: Corsica
cost ᛫ a trait ᛫ a property ᛫ an attribute ᛫ a disposition ᛫ a way of doing things ᛫ a procedure [ᚹ] ᛫ a process [ᚹ] ᛫ a method [ᚹ] ᛫ N cost ME‹N
cost ᛫ a Tanacetum balsamita plant ( costmary , alecost ) ᛫ N cost[cost] ANE‹‹OE‹I‹H [OED]
costen ᛫ to tempt ᛫ V costnien[costnian] ME
costning ᛫ temptation ᛫ N costning[costnung] ME
cot ᛫ a cottage ᛫ N cot OE
cote ᛫ a cottage ᛫ a cottage's plot of land ᛫ a coop ᛫ N cō̆t[cote] ME
cotman ᛫ a cottager ᛫ N cotman ME
cotset ᛫ a cottager ᛫ N cotsēt[cotsǣta] ME
couth cooþ ᛫ known ᛫ well known ᛫ familiar ᛫ sophisticated ᛫ refined ᛫ AJ couth&couth NE&ME
couther cooþer ᛫ an acquaintance ᛫ N cuþa OE
couthledge cooþlecg ᛫ to befriend ᛫ to make known to yourself ᛫ V cūþlǣcan OE
couthly cooþly ᛫ surely ᛫ certainly ᛫ familiarly ᛫ courteously ᛫ AV cūþelīce OE
couthness cooþness ᛫ acquaintance ᛫ N cūþnes OE
couthred cooþred ᛫ intimacy ᛫ N cuþreden ME
cove cofe ᛫ a small coastal inlet ᛫ N ~[cōfa] NE
covegod cofegod ᛫ a household god ᛫ penates ᛫ N cōfgod OE
cow cue ᛫ a Bos taurus animal ᛫ N ~ NE PL: cues; kine
cowberry cueberry ᛫ a berry from a Vaccinium vitis-idaea plant ᛫ a lingonberry ᛫ a mountain cranberry ᛫ N ~ NE
Crab ᛫ Cancer ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
crack ᛫ highly trained and competent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
cradlehood cradelhood ᛫ infancy ᛫ N ~ NE [OED] ᛫ or: babehood; babyhood
craft ᛫ an art ᛫ a vehicle ᛫ a trade ( as in a profession ) ᛬ to construct ᛫ to develop ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
crafted tongue tung ᛫ a constructed language ᛫ a conlang ᛫ N crafted+tongue NE×2
crafter ᛫ an architect ᛫ an artifex ᛫ N cræftiga NE&OE
craftless ᛫ artless ᛫ inexpert ᛫ AJ ~ NE
craftschild craftscild ᛫ an apprentice ᛫ N NE ~ [OED]
craftsman ᛫ an artisan ᛫ N ~ NE
craftspeech craftspeec ᛫ a craft's jargon ᛫ N cræftspræc OE
crafty ᛫ relating to a craft ᛫ technical ᛫ wily ᛫ skillful ᛫ innovative ᛫ AJ ~ NE
cram ᛫ to stuff ᛫ to fill to capacity ᛫ V ~[crammen][crammian] NE
cranesbill ᛫ a Geranium plant ᛫ N ~ NE
crank ᛫ a device which moves something when turned ᛫ methamphetamine ᛬ to turn a crank ᛫ N᛬V ~{crancstæf} NE
crat ᛫ a chariot ᛫ a cart ᛫ N cræt OE
craw craƿ ᛫ the stomach of an animal ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
creepdeer ᛫ a reptile ᛫ N creep+deer NE×2 calque: Kriechtier
Crete ᛫ Crete ᛫ Cretan wine ᛫ N(P) Crete&Crēte NE&ME
cringe crincg ᛫ to shudder from embarrassment fear or disgust ᛫ V ~ NE
cringeworthy crincgƿorþy ᛫ embarrassing ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Cristen ᛫ Christian ᛫ AJ cristen OE
Croatish Croatisc ᛫ Croatian ᛫ AJ Croat+ish NE×2
crock ᛫ a pot or a jar of earthenware ᛫ something considered to be complete nonsense ᛫ N ~ NE
crockwright crockƿrigt ᛫ a potter ᛫ N crocwyrhta OE
croft ᛫ a small rented farm comprising of a plot of arable land attached to a house ᛫ N croft NE
croft ᛫ an underground vault ᛫ a crypt ᛫ a basement ᛫ N ~ NE‹Þ‹I
crook ᛫ a hooked staff ᛫ one who engages in fraudulent or criminal practices ᛫ a bend ᛫ a curve ᛬ to bend ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
crooked ᛫ bent ᛫ twisted ᛫ illegal ᛫ fraudulent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
cropland ᛫ farmland ᛫ N ~ NE
cropper ᛫ one who raises a crop ᛫ N ~ NE
crough croug ᛫ saffron ᛫ a crocus ᛫ N croh ME
crud ᛫ clabber ᛫ curds ᛫ cottage cheese ᛫ rennet ᛫ junket ᛫ a coagulated substance ᛬ to coagulate ᛫ to congeal ᛫ to curdle ᛫ N᛬V crud&crud&crudden NE&ME&ME doublet: curd
crundle crundel ᛫ a mound raised over graves to protect them ᛫ a barrow ᛫ a tumulus ᛫ a burial mound ᛫ N crundel OE
cud ᛫ gum ᛫ resin ᛫ mastic ᛫ quid ᛫ N cud[cudu] ME
cuddy ᛫ gummy ᛫ resinous ᛫ AJ cud+y ME+NE
cudgel kicgel ᛫ a club ᛫ N ~[cycgel]{kycglum/kigclas} NE "club" is Norse
culver culfer ᛫ a dove ᛫ a pigeon ᛫ N ~[culfre][columba] NE‹I
Cumberland ᛫ Cumbria ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
cumble cumbel ᛫ a sign ᛫ a standard ᛫ an ensign ᛫ a banner ᛫ N cumbol OE
cun ᛫ to be able to ᛫ V cunnen ME PST: could ᛫ PTCP: cunnen ᛫ PRES: can ᛫ PPR: cunning
cund ᛫ ( denotes kind , nature , origin ) ᛫ SUFFIX cund ME kin: kind
cunning ᛫ ability ᛫ knowledge ᛫ information ᛫ a science ᛫ a field of knowledge ᛫ an art ᛬ experienced ᛫ able ᛫ crafty ᛫ sly ᛫ clever ᛫ guileful ᛫ N᛬AJ cunning&cǒnninge NE&ME
cunt ᛫ a vulva ᛫ a vagina ᛫ N ~ NE
cutthroat cutþroat ᛫ a murderer ᛫ a ruthless person ᛬ ruthless ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
cutwater cutƿater ᛫ Rynchops niger ᛫ the forward curve of a ship's stern ᛫ the wedge of a bridge pier ᛫ N ~ NE
daft ᛫ silly ᛫ insane ᛫ crazy ᛫ mad ( crazy ) ᛫ stupid ᛫ AJ ~ NE
dale ᛫ a valley ᛫ N ~ NE
dalk ᛫ a clasp ᛫ a buckle ᛫ a brooch ᛫ a fibula ᛫ N dalk[dalc] ME
dall ᛫ eminent ᛫ AJ deal/deall OE
Damask ᛫ Damascus ᛫ a kind of cloth from Damascus ᛫ N(P) damask ME‹I?‹O
damp ᛫ moisture ᛫ humidity ᛫ dampness ᛬ moist ᛫ humid ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE‹LG
dapper ᛫ neat ᛫ spiffy ᛫ stylish ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹NL?
dare ᛫ a challenge ᛫ a defiance ᛬ to challenge ᛫ to defy ᛫ to venture ᛫ N:V ~ NE [OED] PST: dared; durst
daring ᛫ adventurous courage ᛬ adventurous ᛫ audaciously bold ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
dark ᛫ aphotic ᛫ atramentous ᛫ caliginous ᛫ cimmerian ᛫ crepuscular ᛫ somber ᛫ solemn ᛫ AJ ~ NE
darkling ᛫ in the dark ᛬ darkly ᛫ done or taking place in the dark ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
darkly ᛫ obscurely ᛫ vaguely ᛫ allusively ᛫ AD darkly&derklī NE&ME
darling ᛫ a beloved one ᛬ beloved ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
darst ᛫ leaven ᛫ N dærst OE
darth darþ ᛫ a dart ᛫ a javelin ᛫ N daroþ OE "dart" is French, from Frankish cognate of "daroþ"
dash dasc ᛫ a hyphen ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
daughterdaughter daugterdaugter ᛫ a maternal granddaughter ᛫ N daughter+daughter NE×2 based on: sunsunu; dohtorsunu
daughterson daugtersun ᛫ a maternal grandson ᛫ N dohtorsunu OE
daven dafen ᛫ to suit ᛫ to be fitting ᛬ becoming ᛫ suitable ᛫ proper ᛫ convenient ᛫ V᛬AJ dafenian&dafen OE&OE
daw daƿ ᛫ a Coloeus monedula bird ᛫ N ~ NE
daw daƿ ᛫ to dawn ᛫ V dauen ME kin: day
daws daƿs ᛫ days ᛫ N dawes ME archaic plural form
day ᛫ a meeting ᛫ an assembly ᛫ a diet ᛬ to summon to a meeting ᛫ to submit to arbitration ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [OED]
dayblindness ᛫ hemeralopia ᛫ N ~ NE
daybook ᛫ a journal ᛫ a log ᛫ a logbook ᛫ a diary ᛫ N ~ NE
daying ᛫ arbitration ᛫ settlement of a dispute ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
dayish dayisc ᛫ diurnal ᛫ AJ daiish ME
dayman ᛫ a journeyman ᛫ N NE ~ [OED]
daymeal ᛫ a clock ᛫ a sundial ᛫ a waterclock ᛫ a clepsydra ᛫ N dægmǣl OE literally day-measure
daysman ᛫ an arbitrator ᛫ a mediator ᛫ an umpire ᛫ an arbiter ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
daystar ᛫ Lucifer ( as in the morning star ) ᛫ N dægsteorra OE
dayworker dayƿorker ᛫ a journeyman ᛫ N NE ~ [OED]
dead ᛫ to kill ᛫ to die ᛫ V dēden[dēadian] ME
deaden ᛫ to deprive of vitality or force ᛫ to numb ᛫ to muffle ᛫ to mute ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
deadliness ᛫ lethality ᛫ mortality ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
deadlock ᛫ a stalemate ᛫ an impasse ᛫ N ~ NE
deadly ᛫ fatal ᛫ lethal ᛬ fatally ᛫ mortally ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
deadly nightshade nigtscade ᛫ an Atropa belladonna plant ᛫ N ~ NE
deadname ᛫ a necronym ᛫ N dead+name NE
deadpan ᛫ stolid ᛫ impassive ᛫ expressionless ᛫ inexpressive ᛫ neutral ᛫ detached ᛫ impersonal ᛫ dispassionate ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
deadshot deadscot ᛫ a highly accurate marksman ᛫ N dead shot NE
deal ᛫ a part ᛫ a component ᛫ a portion ᛫ an agreement ᛫ a pact ᛬ to distribute ᛫ to part ᛫ to divide ᛫ to separate ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
dealer ᛫ a divider ᛫ a distributor ᛫ N ~ NE
dealing ᛫ a business transaction ᛫ an interaction ᛫ N ~ NE
dealnim ᛫ to take part ᛫ to participate ᛫ V dǣlniman OE
dealnimmer ᛫ a participant ᛫ a participle ( grammatical term ) ᛫ N dǣlnimend OE
dealnimmerly ᛫ sharing ᛫ participating ᛫ participal ᛫ AJ dǣlnimendlīc OE
dealth dealþ ᛫ a portion ᛫ N ~ NE rhyme: wealth
dealy ᛫ partial ᛫ AJ deal+y NE×2
dean ᛫ a valley ᛫ a vale ᛫ a dale ᛫ N [dēne][denu/dænu] NE [OED]
dear ᛫ expensive ᛫ costly ᛫ cherished ᛫ AJ ~ NE
dearest ᛫ a favourite ᛫ a beloved one ᛬ favourite ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
dearness ᛫ expensiveness ᛫ costliness ᛫ affection ᛫ fondness ᛫ N ~ NE
dearsome dearsum ᛫ precious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
dearth dearþ ᛫ a famine ᛫ scarcity ᛫ paucity ᛫ N ~ NE rhyme: birth
dearworthy dearƿorþy ᛫ precious ᛫ beloved ᛫ precious ᛫ prized ᛫ AJ dereworthi ME
deathknell deaþknell ᛫ a sign foretelling the death of something ᛫ N ~ NE
deathless deaþless ᛫ immortal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
deathlessness deaþlessness ᛫ immortality ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
deathling deaþling ᛫ a mortal ᛫ a being subject to death ᛫ N ~ NE
deathlore deaþlore ᛫ thanatology ᛫ N ~ NE
deathraked deaþraked ᛫ a sepulchre ᛫ N dēaþræced OE
deathshild deaþscild ᛫ a capital crime ᛫ N dēaþscyld OE
deathshildiness deaþscildiness ᛫ mortality ᛫ N dethshildiȝnesse ME
deathshildy deaþscildy ᛫ mortal ᛫ liable to death ᛫ AJ dethshildiȝ ME
deathsman deaþsman ᛫ an executioner ᛫ N ~ NE
deathsong deaþsong ᛫ a requiem ( in the musical sense ) ᛫ N death+song NE×2
deech deec ᛫ to smear ᛫ to daub ᛫ to plaster ᛫ V dēchen ME
deed ᛫ an action ᛫ an act ᛫ a legal document showing bond ᛫ N ~ NE
deedbane ᛫ an evildoer ᛫ N dǣdbana OE
deedbeet ᛫ to make amends ᛫ to be penitent ᛫ to repent ᛫ V dǣdbētan OE
deedbeeter ᛫ a deed amender ᛫ a penitent ᛫ N dǣdbēta OE
deedboot ᛫ repentance ᛫ penitence ᛫ penance ᛫ N dǣdbōt OE
deedfrom deedfrum ᛫ a deed-doer ᛫ an actor ᛫ a causative agent ᛫ N dǣdfruma OE
deedlate ᛫ slow to act ᛫ slothful ᛫ AJ dǣdlæt OE
deedlater ᛫ a lazy person ᛫ a sluggard ᛫ N dǣdlata OE
deedlean ᛫ a reward ᛫ recompence ᛫ recompense ᛫ N dǣdlēan OE
deem ᛫ to regard ᛫ to judge ᛫ V ~ NE
deemer ᛫ a judge ᛫ N dēma OE
deer ᛫ an animal ᛫ a beast ᛫ N deer ANE PL: deer; deers (huntien after deores)
deerkind ᛫ the animal kingdom ᛫ N deer+kind NE×2
deerleech deerleec ᛫ a veterinarian ᛫ N deer+leech NE+ANE
deerlife ᛫ fauna ᛫ N deer+life NE+NE calque: animal life
deerlore ᛫ zoology ᛫ N ~ NE×2
deeryard ᛫ a zoo ᛫ a zoological garden ᛫ N deer+yard NE×2 calque: diergaarde; Tiergarten
deeve deef ᛫ proper ᛫ AJ idẹ̄fe&gedēfe ME&OE kin: 𐌲𐌰𐌳𐍉𐍆
deft ᛫ neatly skillful and quick in one's movements ᛫ demonstrating skill and cleverness ᛫ AJ ~ NE
delf ᛫ digging ᛫ the act of digging ᛫ an excavation ᛫ a quarry ᛫ a mine ᛫ N delf[gedelf] ME
delfine ᛫ a dolphin ᛫ N delfīn ME‹I
dell ᛫ a secluded hollow or small valley usually covered with trees or turf ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
delve delf ᛫ to dig ᛫ to mine to ᛫ V ~ NE PTCP: dolven
delver delfer ᛫ a digger ᛫ a tiller ᛫ an excavator ᛫ a miner ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
demmerlake ᛫ magic ᛫ sorcery ᛫ the art of magic ᛫ N dweomerlāk/demerlayke ME NEEDS WORK
Den ᛫ a Dane ᛫ N Dene OE or: Deen?
Denlaw Denlaƿ ᛫ the region in Britain which was governed by Danish law ᛫ the Danelaw ᛫ N(P) denelage OE
Denmark ᛫ Denmark ᛫ N(P) ~ NE or: Denmarch
Dennish Dennisc ᛫ Danish language ᛬ Danish ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Dennish[Denisc] ME or: Dench (from variant)
Deprobane ᛫ Sri Lanka ᛫ Ceylon ᛫ Taprobana ᛫ N(P) Dēprobane OE
Der ᛫ a Deirian ᛫ N(P) Dere OE‹C
dere ᛫ hurt ᛫ harm ᛫ injury ᛬ to hurt ᛫ to harm ᛫ to injure ᛫ N᛬V dēre ME
derf ᛫ tribulation ᛫ affliction ᛫ trouble ᛫ torture ᛫ labour ᛫ N derf&deorf ME&OE
dern ᛫ to hide ᛫ to conceal ᛬ secret ᛫ hidden ᛫ underhanded ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~ NE
derning ᛫ camouflage ᛫ a disguise ᛫ N dern+ing NE×2 calque: Tarnung (HG)
dernship dernscip ᛫ secrecy ᛫ N derneshipe ME
Derrich Derric ᛫ the Kingdom of Deria ᛫ N(P) Dera rīce OE‹(C+C)
derringdo ᛫ action displaying heroic courage ᛫ N derringdo NE
derve derf ᛫ to trouble ᛫ to labour ᛫ V deorfan OE kin: derf
devilcraft defilcraft ᛫ the art of the devil ᛫ N dēofolcræft OE(I‹H+E)
devilfish defilfisc ᛫ an octopus ᛫ any cephalopod ᛫ a devil ray ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E‹I‹H+E)
devilish defilisc ᛫ diabolical ᛫ AJ develissh ME‹(I‹H+E)
devilreigh defilreig ᛫ a devil ray ᛫ N devil ray NE‹(E‹I‹H+E)
devilsdung defilsdung ᛫ asafoetida ᛫ N ~ NE Compare: HG Teufelsdreck; NL duivelsdrek
dewsnail deƿsnail ᛫ a slug ᛫ N dew-snail NE "slug" is Norse
dight digt ᛫ to prepare ᛫ to ready ᛫ to polish ᛫ to ornament ᛫ to make preparations ᛫ to arrange ᛫ to order ᛫ to organize ᛫ to direct ᛫ V dighten[dihtan][dictare] ME‹OE‹Þ‹I?
dighting digting ᛫ preparation ᛫ an arrangement ᛫ an ordering ᛫ repairing ᛫ furbishing ᛫ adorning, arraying ᛫ preparing ᛫ treating of a patient ᛫ N dighting[dihtung] ME
dile ᛫ hidden ᛫ secret ᛫ furtive ᛫ cryptic ᛫ AJ dīȝel[dīegel] ME
dill ᛫ an Anethum graveolens plant ᛫ N ~ NE
dimhouse dimhuse ᛫ a lautumia ᛫ a dungeon ᛫ N dimhūs OE
din ᛫ a loud noise ᛫ a loud sound ᛬ to sound loudly ᛫ resound ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
ding ᛫ a dent ᛫ a blow ᛬ to dent ᛫ to hit ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
dingle dingel ᛫ a valley which is small and wooded ᛫ a cleft which is deep and narrow ᛫ N ~ NE [CED] ᛫ kin: Tunc (HG); dyngja (N)
dingy ᛫ dull ᛫ drab ᛫ dreary ᛫ discoloured ᛫ dirty ᛫ tarnished ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
dint ᛫ a blow or stroke ( typically one made with a weapon ) ᛫ force of attack ᛫ an impact ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
dip ᛫ to baptize ᛫ V ~ NE
dishbearer discbearer ᛫ a waiter ᛫ a waitress ᛫ a server of food ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX] ᛫ also: disher (which can also mean dishmaker)
dishthane discþane ᛫ an officer in charge of dishes or food ᛫ a dish-bearer ᛫ N discþegn{discþēn} OE
distaff ᛫ a staff for spinning thread ᛫ the domain or work of women ᛬ maternal ᛫ female ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
distaff side ᛫ the female side of a family ᛫ N ~ NE
dit ᛫ to seal ᛫ to close ᛫ to shut ᛫ to block ᛫ to shut up ᛫ to plug ᛫ V ditten[dyttan] ME
dither diþer ᛫ to act nervously or indecisively ᛫ vacillate ᛫ V ~ NE
divedopper difedopper ᛫ a pelican ᛫ N dūfedoppa OE
dizen disen ᛫ to dress [ᛏ] ᛫ to attire ᛫ to deck out ᛫ to adorn ᛫ V ~ NE rhyme: risen; horizon
dizziness disiness ᛫ giddiness ᛫ vertigo ᛫ folly ᛫ stupidity ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
dizzy disy ᛫ giddy ᛫ vertiginous ᛫ foolish ᛫ stupid ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
doall ᛫ a factotum ᛫ N ~ NE
dock ᛫ a Rumex plant ᛫ N ~ NE
doe ᛫ a female animal ᛫ N ~ NE
doff ᛫ to take off ᛫ to remove an item of clothing ᛫ V ~ NE from "do off"
dogdays ᛫ a period of stagnation or inactivity ᛫ the period between early July and early September ᛫ N dog days NE [MW]
dogged ᛫ marked by stubborn determination ᛫ AJ ~ NE
doglore ᛫ cynology ᛫ N ~ NE
dogly ᛫ canine ᛫ AJ ~ NE
dogmad ᛫ rabid ᛫ AJ dog-madness NE
dogmadness ᛫ rabies ᛫ N dog-madness NE
dogsbody ᛫ a menial worker ᛫ N ~ NE
dole ᛫ a share ᛫ something given as charity ᛫ a donation ᛫ N ~[dāl][gedāl] NE kin: deal
doleland ᛫ an allotted share of commonly held land ᛫ N ~ NE Lands of Doura in Scotland may be contraction of "Doleland"
dolk ᛫ a wound ᛫ N dolc/dolh[dolg/dolh] ME
dolt ᛫ an idiot ᛫ N ~ NE
dom ᛫ ( shows a state or condition ) ᛫ -cracy ᛫ -archy ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
Dominica ᛫ Dominica ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹O+NE
don ᛫ to put on ᛫ to dress in ᛫ V ~ NE from "do on"
Donnow Donnue ᛫ the river Danube ᛫ PN Donua OE
donothing donoþing ᛫ a slacker ᛬ idle ᛫ N᛬AJ donothing NE
dook ᛫ a bastard ᛫ N dōc OE
dooken ᛫ to bastardize ᛫ to bastardise ᛫ V dōc+en OE+NE
doom ᛫ judgment ᛫ legal decision ᛫ legal ruling ᛬ to sentence ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
doombook ᛫ a book of decrees or laws ᛫ N dōmbōc OE
doombough doombuge ᛫ a judicial branch ᛫ N doom+bough NE×2
doomed ᛫ judged ᛫ ill-fated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
doomern ᛫ a court where judgments take place ᛫ a tribunal ᛫ N dōmern OE
doomful ᛫ full of judgement ᛫ ominous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
doomhouse doomhuse ᛫ a courthouse ᛫ N dome howse[dōmhūs] ME
doomladen ᛫ conveying a sense of tragedy ᛫ AJ doomladen NE
doomly ᛫ judicial ᛫ AJ dōmlīc OE
doomsday ᛫ judgment day ᛫ N ~ NE
doomsettle doomsettel ᛫ a judgment seat ᛫ a tribunal ᛫ N dōmsetl OE
doomsman ᛫ a judge ᛫ an umpire ᛫ N ~ NE
doorthane doorþane ᛫ a door-keeper ᛫ a janitor ( as in a doorman ) ᛫ N dūruþegn OE
doppet ᛫ to immerse ᛫ V doppettan OE
dor ᛫ an insect that buzzes when flying ᛫ N ~[OE dora] NE found in "dumbledore"
dote ᛫ to exhibit mental decline of or like that of old age ᛫ V ~ NE
dought dugt ᛫ courage ᛫ valour ᛫ bravery ᛫ N ~ NE rhyme: doubt
doughty dugty ᛫ brave ᛫ courageous ᛫ valiant ᛫ intrepid ᛫ dauntless ᛫ AJ ~[dyhtig] NE rhyme: doubty
douse duse ᛫ to immerse ᛫ to dunk or sink into liquid ᛫ to extinguish something like fire ᛫ V ~ NE‹N?
dout dute ᛫ to extinguish ᛫ V ~ NE
douth duþe ᛫ a troop of retainers ᛫ a retinue ᛫ virtue ᛫ N ~[douthe][duguþ] NE semantic shift: virtue › virtue of retainers › a troop of retainers
dove duf ᛫ a pigeon ᛫ N ~[douve][dufe?] NE
dovehouse dufhuse ᛫ a dovecote ᛫ a columbary ᛫ a columbarium ᛫ a pigeon house ᛫ a pigeonry ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
dow due ᛫ to have use ᛫ to matter ᛫ to be helpful ᛫ to be effective ᛫ V douen[dugan/dēah/dēag] ME rhyme: plough ᛫ PST: dought
down dune ᛫ a hill ᛫ N ~[dūn] NE "down" as in "netherwards" comes from this word
down to earth dune earþ ᛫ practical ᛫ realistic ᛫ pragmatic ᛫ N ~ NE
downbeat dunebeat ᛫ the accented beat at the beginning of a bar ᛬ sad and pessimistic ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
downelf duneelf ᛫ a mountain elf ᛫ a mountain fairy ᛫ a mountain nymph ᛫ N dūnælf OE
downfall dunefall ᛫ a collapse ᛫ a loss of power prosperity or status ᛫ N ~ NE
downgang dunegang ᛫ a descent ᛫ a way down ᛫ N ~ NE
downlink dunelink ᛫ a transmission or link to the earth from an airborne terminal ᛬ to transmit to the earth ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
downplay duneplay ᛫ to de-emphasize ᛫ V ~ NE
downputting duneputting ᛫ denigrating ᛫ pejorative ᛫ derogatory ᛫ AJ ~ NE
downright dunerigt ᛫ unambiguous ᛫ utter ᛬ unambiguously ᛫ utterly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
downside duneside ᛫ a con ᛫ a negative feature of something ᛫ N ~ NE
draff ᛫ swill ᛫ dregs ᛫ refuse ᛫ the damp remains of malt ᛫ N ~ NE
drake ᛫ trouble ᛫ N dracu OE kin: dretch
drake ᛫ a dragon ᛫ N ~ NE‹‹I
drast ᛫ dregs ᛫ sediment ᛫ scum ᛫ N drast ME
draught draugt ᛫ a preliminary version ᛫ a plan ᛫ a map ᛫ a concscription ᛫ a scheme ᛫ a devised thing ᛫ a move ( gaming ) ᛬ to make a draught ᛫ to conscript ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE or: draft
draughthouse draugthuse ᛫ an outhouse ᛫ a privy ᛫ N ~ NE
draughts draugts ᛫ checkers ( the game ) ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
draughtsman draugtsman ᛫ a maker of engineering or architectural plans ᛫ an illustrator ᛫ N ~ NE or: draftsman
draughty draugty ᛫ gusty ( of wind ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE or: drafty ᛫ [CED]
draw draƿ ᛫ a lottery ᛫ a raffle ᛬ to attract ᛫ to derive ᛫ to pull ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE PST: drew ᛫ PTCP: drawn
drawback draƿback ᛫ an negative feature ᛫ N ~ NE
drawdown draƿdune ᛫ a depletion ᛫ a reduction ᛫ a lowering of a water level ᛬ to deplete by using or spending ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [CED][MW]
drawingroom draƿingroom ᛫ a room where visitors may be entertained ᛫ a lounge ᛫ N drawing room NE
drawlatch draƿlac ᛫ a thief ᛫ a burglar ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
dray ᛫ a band ᛫ a multitude ᛫ N gedræg OE kin: draw (this word essentially means "what is drawn together")
dreadless ᛫ intrepid ᛫ dauntless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
dreap ᛫ to kill ᛫ to strike down ᛫ V drēpen[drepan] ME
drear ᛫ blood ᛫ gore ᛫ N dreor OE
dreary ᛫ gloomy ᛫ cheerless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
dreeve dreef ᛫ to disturb ᛫ to trouble ᛫ to vex ᛫ V drẹ̄ven[drēfan] ME
dreeze drees ᛫ to fall ᛫ to perish ᛫ V drēsen[dreosan] ME
dreg ᛫ sediment ᛫ N ~ NE
drench drenc ᛫ a poisonous or medicinal drink ᛫ a potion ᛬ to soak ᛫ to make drink ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE kin: drink
dretch drec ᛫ to injure ᛫ to damage ᛫ to trouble ᛫ to delay ᛫ to hesitate ᛫ V drecchen[dreccan] ME
drib ᛫ to do by little and little ᛫ to appropriate unlawfully ᛫ to filch ᛫ to defalcate ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
drie ᛫ annoyance ᛫ trouble ᛫ grief ᛫ N drī ME dreigh and dreich in Scots?
drifter ᛫ a transient ᛫ a vagrant ᛫ a vagabond ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
dright drigt ᛫ a host ᛫ a body of retainers or warriors ᛫ a group of people ᛫ a people ᛫ a multitude ᛫ N driht ME
drighten drigten ᛫ a lord ᛫ a ruler ᛫ a chief ᛫ a leader ᛫ a god ( pagan or otherwise ) ᛫ N drihten ME
drightenly drigtenly ᛫ lordly ᛫ noble ᛫ AJ dryhtlīc OE
drightenship drigtenscip ᛫ rulership ᛫ lordship ᛫ domination ᛫ N dryhtscipe OE
drightly drigtly ᛫ of high rank ᛫ noble ᛫ excellent ᛫ AJ drihtlīche[dryhtlīc] ME
dring ᛫ a warrior ᛫ a soldier ᛫ N dring/dreng[dreng] ME‹N? or: dreng
drinkhail ( in reply to someone making the " wassail toast " ) N᛬I drink heil ME
drinkshop drinkscop ᛫ a shop which sells alcoholic beverages or liquor ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
drite ᛫ to shit ᛫ to poop ᛫ to defecate ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
drivel drifel ᛫ saliva ᛫ nonsense ᛬ to slobber ᛫ to talk nonsense ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
drone ᛫ a male bee ᛫ a menial worker ᛫ a remote-controlled or autonomous vehicle ᛫ a robot [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
droof ᛫ turbid ᛫ disturbed ᛫ sorrowful ᛫ troubled ᛫ AJ drōf[drōf] ME
droovy droofy ᛫ stirred up ( of water ) ᛫ muddy murky ᛫ AJ drōvi[drōfig] ME
dropmeal ᛫ one drop at a time ᛫ AV ~ NE
dropstone ᛫ a stalactite ᛫ a stalagmite ᛫ a stalagnate ᛫ N ~ NE or: dripstone
dropwort dropƿurt ᛫ Filipendula vulgaris ᛫ N ~ NE
dross ᛫ waste ᛫ something that is base trivial or inferior ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
drought drugt ᛫ a water shortage ᛫ a paucity ( semi-poetic ) ᛫ N ~[drūgaþ] NE
drove drofe ᛫ a herd or flock of animals being driven ᛫ a bunch of something ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
drowse druse ᛫ a state of sleepiness or inactivity ᛬ to be inactive ᛫ to fall into a light slumber ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [MW]
drub ᛫ to beat severely ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
drudge drucg ᛫ menial or tedious labour ᛬ to do menial or tedious labour ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [MW]
drunken ᛫ intoxicated ᛫ caused by intoxication ᛫ saturated with liquid ᛫ AJ ~ NE
drunkenness ᛫ intoxication ᛫ N ~ NE
drunklew drunkleƿ ᛫ a drunkard ᛫ an alcoholic ᛬ addicted to drink habitually drunk ᛫ N᛬AJ dronkeleu ME
dry ᛫ a druid ᛫ a magician ᛫ a sorcerer ᛫ a wizard ᛫ a magus ᛫ a mage ᛫ N drī[drȳ] ME‹OE‹C kin: druid
drycraft ᛫ druidcraft ᛫ sorcery ᛫ the art of magic ᛫ N drȳcræft OE
drycrafty ᛫ skilled in magic ᛫ skilled in druidic magic ᛫ magical ᛫ AJ drȳcræftig OE
Dubawnt Mere ᛫ Dubawnt Lake ᛫ N(P) Dubawnt+mere NE‹O+NE
duckbill ᛫ a platypus ᛫ a hadrosaur ᛫ N ~ NE
duckmole ᛫ a platypus ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
dugout dugute ᛫ a canoe ᛫ a shelter dug in a hillside ᛫ an area in the side of a trench for quarters storage or protection ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
dull ᛫ to blunt ᛫ to stupefy ᛫ to tarnish ᛬ blunt ᛫ stupid ᛫ obtuse ᛫ tarnished ᛫ tedious ᛫ boring ᛫ sluggish ᛫ inactive ᛫ stagnant ᛫ V:AJ ~ NE [OED]
dumb ᛫ stupid ᛫ mute ᛫ AJ ~ NE
dumbness ᛫ stupidity ᛫ N ~ NE
dun ᛫ tan ( the hue ) ᛬ tan coloured ᛫ N᛬AJ ~[dun/dunn] NE [MW]
dun ᛫ to make persistent demands for payment ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
dung ᛫ a dungeon ᛫ a subterranean chamber ᛫ N dung/donge[dung] ME
dunnock ᛫ a Prunella modularis bird ᛫ N ~ NE
dusk ᛫ the night's twilight ( as opposed to the morning's twilight ) ᛬ to darken ᛫ to make gloomy ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
dusky ᛫ dark in colour ᛫ dim ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Dutch Duc ᛫ the Dutch language ᛫ mainland West Germanic language ᛬ of the Netherlands ᛫ of mainland West Germanic ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
Dutchland Ducland ᛫ the part of Europe where continental West Germanic languages are spoken ᛫ N(P) Dū̆chelōnd ME
dwale dƿale ᛫ an error ᛫ incorrectness ᛫ N dwale[dwola] ME
dwale dƿale ᛫ an Atropa belladonna plant ᛫ N ~ NE
dwalegod dƿalegod ᛫ an idol ᛫ a false god ᛫ N gedwolgod OE
dwalesome dƿalesum ᛫ erroneous ᛫ incorrect ᛫ wrong ᛫ AJ gedwolsum OE
dwarf dƿarf ᛫ a mythological humanoid usually depicted as short stout mountain dwelling and skilled in certain crafts ᛫ N ~ NE PL: dwarfs; dwarves
dwarfdwostle dƿarfdƿostel ᛫ a Mentha pulegium plant ( pennyroyal ) ᛫ N dweorgedwostle[dwosle] OE
dwease dƿease ᛫ foolish ᛫ stupid ᛫ dumb ᛫ AJ dwǣs OE
dwell dƿell ᛫ a sojourn ᛫ a stay ᛫ a delay ᛬ to live in a place ᛫ to reside ᛫ to remain ᛫ to stay ᛫ to wait ᛫ to procrastinate ᛫ to delay in doing something ᛫ N᛬V dwell&dwel NE&ME
dwelling dƿelling ᛫ a place of residence ᛫ a habitation ᛫ N ~ NE
dwelse dƿels ᛫ to stray in a stupor ᛫ V dwelsian OE
dwelsing dƿelsing ᛫ a stupor which leads one astray ᛫ N dwelsinge{dwelsian} ME
dwere dƿere ᛫ doubt ᛫ perplexity ᛫ uncertainty ᛫ N dwẹ̄re ME
dwild dƿild ᛫ error ᛫ heresy ᛫ N dwild&gedwild OE
dwildman dƿildman ᛫ a heretic ᛫ N gedwildmann OE
dwildy dƿildy ᛫ erroneous ᛫ heretical ᛫ AJ dwild+y ME+NE
dwimmer dƿimmer ᛫ illusion ᛫ delusion ᛫ an apparition ᛫ a phantom ᛫ N dwimor OE resurrected by Tolkien?
dwimmerly dƿimmerly ᛫ as an illusion ᛫ deceptively ᛫ AV dwimorlīce ME
dwimmery dƿimmery ᛫ illusory ᛫ AJ dwimorlīc OE
dwindle dƿindel ᛫ to become steadily less ᛫ V ~ NE
dwine dƿine ᛫ to waste or pine away ᛫ to languish ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
dwolen dƿolen ᛫ erroneous ᛫ wrong ᛫ perverse ᛫ AJ gedwolen OE
dwolm dƿolm ᛫ chaos ᛫ a chasm ᛫ N dwolma OE
e ᛫ a horse ᛫ a steed ᛫ N eh OE SEE COMMENT FOR PRONUNCIATION
ea ᛫ a law ᛫ a statute ᛫ a custom ᛫ a rule ᛫ N ē/eu-/ewe-/eaw-[ǣ] ME becomes: ew in compounds
ea ᛫ a river ᛫ N ē ME
eace ees ᛫ a bait ᛫ a lure ᛫ N ēs ME found in: eaceworm
eaceworm eesƿurm ᛫ an earthworm ᛫ N ~ NE
each eac ᛫ eternal ᛫ everlasting ᛫ perpetual ᛫ AJ ēche[ēce/ǣce] ME
ead ᛫ prosperity ᛫ happiness ᛫ bliss ᛫ N ēad{ME ednesse} OE kin: auður
eady ᛫ prosperous ᛫ fortunate ᛫ AJ ēdī [ēadig] ME
eal ᛫ oil ᛫ N ēle/eal/eale[ele] ME‹OE‹I
eal ᛫ to kindle ᛫ to burn ᛫ V ǣlan OE
eal ᛫ an elk ᛫ a moose ᛫ N eolh OE "elk" seems to be foreign or foreign influenced
Ealand ᛫ Åland ᛫ N ea+land ME+NE calque: Åland
ealberry ᛫ an olive ᛫ N eleberge OE
ealsand ᛫ amber ᛫ N eolhsand OE
ealtree ᛫ an olive tree ᛫ N eletreow OE
eam ᛫ an uncle ᛫ N eame/eme[ēam] NE
eamdaughter eamdaugter ᛫ a paternal female cousin ᛫ N eam+daughter NE×2 built on analogy with "modry sune" ᛫ see: needmay
eamson eamsun ᛫ a paternal male cousin ᛫ N eam+son NE×2 built on analogy with "modry sune" ᛫ see: needmay
ean ᛫ to give birth to a lamb or a goat ᛫ V ēnen[ēanian] ME
eanling ᛫ a young lamb ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
ear ᛫ to plow ᛫ V ~[erian] NE
eard ᛫ one's character ᛫ a disposition ᛫ a personality [ᚹ] ᛫ N ērd[eard] ME kin: aard (Dutch)
earl ᛫ a count ᛫ N ~ NE
earlap ᛫ an earlobe ᛫ an ear lobe ᛫ the outer ear ᛫ N ~ NE
earldom ᛫ a county ( in the sense of " a count's domain " ) ᛫ N ~ NE
earlen ᛫ a countess ᛫ N earl+en NE×2
earmark ᛫ a distinguishing mark ᛫ a provision in legislation that allocates a specified amount of money towards something ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
earn ᛫ to gain through work ᛫ to deserve ᛫ V earn&earnian NE&OE
earnest ᛫ seriousness ᛬ serious ᛫ urgent ᛫ intent ᛫ diligent ᛫ important ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
earp ᛫ brown ( esp dark brown ? ) ᛫ AJ eorp OE kin: jarpr (Icelandic)
earsh earsc ᛫ a vivarium ( an animal preserve ) ᛫ N ersc OE
earshhen earschen ᛫ a quail ᛫ N erschenn OE
earshrift earscrift ᛫ auricular confession ᛫ N ~ NE
earstone ᛫ an otolith ᛫ an otolite ᛫ a statoconium ᛫ an otoconium ᛫ a statolith ᛫ N ear stone NE [OED]
earthapple earþappel ᛫ a potato ᛫ N earthapple NE
earthberry earþberry ᛫ a strawberry ᛫ N eorþberige OE
earthbiving earþbifing ᛫ earthquake ᛫ N eorþbifung OE
earthcraft earþcraft ᛫ geometry ᛫ N eorþcræft OE
eartheal earþeal ᛫ petroleum ᛫ N earth+eal NE+ME‹OE‹I [OED] ᛫ calque: earth-oil
earthenware earþenƿare ᛫ pottery ᛫ ceramics ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
earther earþer ᛫ an inhabitant of Earth ᛫ N eorþwaru OE
earthern earþern ᛫ a tomb ᛫ a sepulcher ᛫ N eorþærn OE
earthflax earþflax ᛫ asbestos ᛫ N earth-flax ANE [OED]
earthgall earþgall ᛫ centaury ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
earthhog earþhog ᛫ an aardvark ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
earthhouse earþhuse ᛫ an underground chamber ᛫ a basement ᛫ a cellar ᛫ a souterrain ᛫ N ~ NE
earthivy earþify ᛫ Glechoma hederacea ( ground-ivy ) ᛫ N eorþifig OE
earthline earþline ᛫ the horizon ᛫ N earth-line NE‹(NE+NE‹‹Þ‹I) [OED]
earthling earþling ᛫ a plowman ᛫ an inhabitant of Earth ᛫ a worldling ᛫ N earthling&irþling NE&OE
earthlore earþlore ᛫ geology ᛫ N ~ NE
earthly earþly ᛫ terrestrial ᛫ tellurian ᛫ AJ ~ NE
earthman earþman ᛫ a human resident or inhabitant of the planet Earth ᛫ N ~ NE
earthnavel earþnafel ᛫ asparagus ᛫ N eorþnafela OE
earthtar earþtar ᛫ asphalt ᛫ N eorþtyrewa OE
earthtilth earþtilþ ᛫ agriculture ᛫ N earthtilth NE
earthwave earþƿafe ᛫ a seismic wave ᛫ N earth-wave NE [OED]
earthwax earþƿax ᛫ ozokerite ᛫ paraffin wax ᛫ N earth-wax NE [OED]
earthweal earþƿeal ᛫ earthly wealth ᛫ N eorþwēla OE
earthwhate earþhƿate ᛫ geomancy ᛫ N earth+whāte NE+ME
earthwolf earþƿulf ᛫ an aardwolf ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
earthy earþy ᛫ natural ( the way of the world ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
earwax earƿax ᛫ cerumen ᛫ N ~ NE
earwig earƿig ᛫ a prying informer ᛬ to gain the influence of someone through covert statements ᛫ N᛬V ~[earwicga] NE
easel ᛫ a donkey ᛫ an ass ᛫ N esol OE
East Englerich Engelric ᛫ the Kingdom of East Anglia ᛫ N(P) ēast Engla Rīce OE or: East Engles
East Timor ᛫ East Timor ᛫ Timor-Leste ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹(E+O)
easten ᛫ from the east ᛫ AV ēastan OE
Easterling ᛫ a native of the Hanseatic region of the Netherlands , Northern Germany , and the Baltic coast ᛫ N ēsterling ME
Eastermonth Eastermonþ ᛫ April ᛫ N(P) Eastermonaþ OE
Eastern ᛫ Oriental ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Easterner ᛫ an Oriental ᛫ N ~ NE
eastle eastel ᛫ a table for notes ᛫ a tablet ᛫ N ǣstel OE
Eastrich Eastric ᛫ Austria ᛫ N(P) estrich ME
eath eaþ ᛫ ease ᛬ to ease ᛬ easy ᛬ easily ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ᛬AV eathe[eaþe]; ēthen ME
eathfully eaþfully ᛫ easily ᛫ AV ethefulli ME
eathhield eaþheeld ᛫ satisfied ᛫ contented ᛫ AJ ēþhylde OE
eathly eaþly ᛫ insignificant ᛫ trivial ᛫ of little worth or value ᛫ AJ ēthelich ME
eathmood eaþmood ᛫ humble ᛫ lowly ᛫ obedient ᛬ to be humble ᛫ to obey ᛫ to make humble ᛫ to humble ᛫ AJ ēaþmōd&ēaþmōdgian OE
eathmoodly eaþmoodly ᛫ humble ᛬ humbly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ēaþmōdlic&ēaþmōdlice OE
eathmoodness eaþmoodness ᛫ humility ᛫ N ēaþmōdnis OE
eathness eaþness ᛫ easiness ᛫ facility ᛫ favour ᛫ N ēþnes OE
eathom eaþom ᛫ (a) breath ᛫ breathing ( esp violent ) ᛫ a puff ᛫ a blast ᛫ a blast or an exhalation of fire or smoke ᛫ (a) vapour ᛫ N ēþem[ǣþm/ēþm] ME kin: Atem (HG)
eatinghouse eatinghuse ᛫ a restaurant ᛫ an eatery ᛫ N eating house NE
eatingroom ᛫ a dining room ᛫ N ~ NE
eattle eattel ᛫ gluttonous ᛫ AJ etol OE
eattleman eattelman ᛫ a glutton ᛫ N ettulman OE
eattleness eattelness ᛫ gluttony ᛫ N etolness OE
eaver eafer ᛫ a boar ᛫ N eauer[eofor] ME
eaverthring eaferþring ᛫ the constellation Orion ? ᛫ N(P) eoforþring OE literally: boar crowd
eaves eafs ᛫ the part of a roof that meets or overhangs the walls of a building ᛬ to prune ᛫ N eaves[efes]&ē̆vesen NE&ME
eavesdrop eafsdrop ᛫ to secretly listen to a conversation ᛫ V ~ NE
eavestrough eafstroug ᛫ a rain gutter for a building ᛫ N ~ NE rhyme: weaves scoff
ebb ᛫ receding tide ᛬ to recede ᛫ to decline ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
ebber ᛫ laid bare ᛫ revealed ᛫ manifest ᛫ obvious ᛫ unconcealed ᛫ AJ ē̆bere[ǣbær] ME
ed ᛫ re- ᛫ PREFIX ed- ME
edder ᛫ a blood vessel ᛫ N edre ME
edder ᛫ a hedge ᛫ a fence ᛫ an enclosure ᛫ N eodor OE
edderbreach edderbreac ᛫ trespassing by means of breaching a fence of hedge ᛫ N eodorbrice OE
edfleshhame edfleschame ᛫ to reincarnate ᛫ V ed+flǣschamian ME+OE
edhew edheƿ ᛫ a reform ᛬ to reform ᛫ N᛬V ed+hew NE×2 PST: edhewn
edledge edlecg ᛫ to repeat ᛫ V edlǣcan OE
ednew edneƿ ᛫ to renew ᛫ to renovate ᛫ to furbish ᛫ V edniwe OE
edstaddle edstaddel ᛫ to restore ᛫ to refound ᛫ V edstaþelian OE
edwend edƿend ᛫ to return ᛫ to turn back ᛫ to reverse ᛫ V edwendan{edwenden} OE
edwent edƿent ᛫ reverse ᛫ AJ edwendan+ed OE+NE
edwharft edhƿarft ᛫ a return ᛫ N edhwyrft OE
edwist edƿist ᛫ sustenance ᛫ being ᛫ existence ᛫ N edwist OE
edwistly edƿistly ᛫ existing ᛫ subsisting ᛫ substantial ᛫ substantive ᛫ AJ edwistlīc OE
edwite edƿite ᛫ to censure ᛫ reproach ᛫ reprove ᛫ to criticize ᛫ N᛬V edwīten ME
edwiteful edƿiteful ᛫ shameful ᛫ disgraceful ᛫ ignominious ᛫ AJ edwītfull OE
edwitespeaker edƿitespeaker ᛫ a caviller / caviler ᛫ a faultfinder ᛫ N edwītspreca OE
edword edƿord ᛫ to rephrase ᛫ to reword ᛫ V ed+word OE+NE
eelpout eelpute ᛫ a Zoarcidae fish ᛫ N ~ NE
eerie ᛫ strange in a frightening or worrying way ᛫ AJ ~[earg?] NE
eest ᛫ grace ᛫ N ēste&ēst ME&OE
eestful ᛫ pleasure-seeking ᛫ fastidious ᛫ palatable ᛫ delicious ᛫ AJ ēstful ME
eesty ᛫ gracious ᛫ AJ ēstig OE
eft ᛫ to repeat ᛫ to iterate ᛬ again ᛫ back ( back to where it was ) ᛫ V᛬AV eft&eftgian ME&OE
eft ᛫ a newt ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
eft ᛫ re- ᛫ PREFIX eft OE
eftbook ᛫ to reschedule ᛫ V eft+book ME+NE or: edbook
eftboot ᛫ a restoration of health ᛫ restitution ᛫ reparation ᛫ N eftbōt OE
eftcome eftcum ᛫ to return ᛫ V eftcuman OE
eftgive eftgif ᛫ to give back ᛫ to return ᛫ V eftagyfan OE de-Norsed: eftyeaf/eftgeef
eftleesing ᛫ redemption ᛫ N eftlēsing OE
eftlooking ᛫ respect ᛫ N eftlōcung OE
eftnewing eftneƿing ᛫ renewal ᛫ N eftnīwung OE
eftrun ᛫ a running back ᛫ a rerun ᛫ N eftryne OE
eftsithe eftsiþe ᛫ a journey back ᛫ a return journey ᛫ N eftsīþ OE
eftsoons ᛫ once again ᛫ another time ᛫ AV ~ NE
eftspelling ᛫ a recapitulation ᛫ N eftspellung OE
eftwharve efþƿarf ᛫ to turn back ᛫ to return ᛫ V efthweorfan OE
egg moon ᛫ a full moon in May ᛫ N ~ NE [CED] ᛫ de-Norsed: ey moon
Egypt ᛫ Egypt ᛫ N(P) egipte[egypt] ME G as in GOAT not as in GEORGE
Egyptish Egyptisc ᛫ Egyptian ᛫ AJ egiptish ME G as in GOAT not as in GEORGE
eight eigt ᛫ persecution ᛬ to persecute ᛫ to pursue ᛫ N᛬V ǣht&ēhtan OE&OE kin: ōht ᛫ rhyme: height
eightfold eigtfold ᛫ octuple ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
eighth eigþ ᛫ an octave ᛫ an ottava ᛫ a diapason ᛫ an octachord ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
eightsome eigtsum ᛫ an octet ᛫ an octad ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
eke ᛫ an addition ᛫ an increase ᛬ to add ᛫ to increase ᛫ to enlarge ᛫ to extend ᛫ to expand ᛬ plus ᛬ also ᛫ plus ᛫ N᛬V᛬AV᛬P eke&ēke&ēken NE&ME&ME
eke out ute ᛫ to supplement ᛫ to augment ᛫ to obtain with difficulty ᛫ V ~ NE
ekemote ᛫ a proton ᛫ N eke+mote NE×2
eken ᛫ to increase ᛫ to be augmented ᛫ to become pregnant ᛫ V ēknen&ēacnian ME&OE
ekename ᛫ an epithet ᛫ a nickname ᛫ a surname ᛫ a title ᛫ N ēkenāme ME "nickname" comes from this word?
ekend ᛫ an adjective ( grammar ) ᛫ N īcend OE calque: adjective
ekenoosle ekenoosel ᛫ to degenerate ᛬ degenerate ᛫ V᛬AJ geǣcnōslian&ǣcnōsle OE
eking ᛫ an augment ᛫ N ~ NE
ekingly ᛫ adjective ᛫ additive ᛫ AJ geīcendlic OE
el ᛫ ( denotes strangeness or foreignness ) ᛫ PREFIX el OE kin: else?
elbone ᛫ an ulna ᛫ N elbow+bone NE×2 calque: ellepijp
elbowbour elboƿbor ᛫ a couter ᛫ a cowter ᛫ N elbow+beorg{healsbeorg} NE+OE
eld ᛫ to put off ᛫ to delay ᛫ to deter ᛫ V ēlden ME
eld ᛫ age ᛫ an age ᛫ a time period ᛫ an epoch ᛫ an era ᛬ to age ᛫ N᛬V eld&ēlde&ēlden NE&ME both "what is your eld?" and "the dark eld" would be alright
elder ᛫ a senior ᛫ AJ ~ NE
elder ᛫ a Sambucus nigra plant ( on which the elderberry grows ) ᛫ N ~[ellern/eller] NE kin: æld (fire)?
elderless ᛫ deprived of parents ᛫ orphaned ᛫ AJ ealdorlēas OE
elderthane elderþane ᛫ a principal servant or officer ᛫ N ealdorþegn OE
eldfather eldfaþer ᛫ a grandfather ᛫ N ~ NE
eldmother eldmoþer ᛫ a grandmother ᛫ N ~ NE
eldritch eldric ᛫ supernatural ᛫ unearthly ᛫ otherworldly ᛫ strange ᛫ AJ ~ NE
elevenfold elefenfold ᛫ undecuple ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
elfen ᛫ a fairy ᛫ a nymph ᛫ a female elf ᛫ N ælfen OE
elfkin ᛫ the race of elves ᛫ N ælfcynn OE
elflocks ᛫ a tangled mess of hair ᛫ N ~ NE
elfsheen elfsceen ᛫ beautiful like an elf ᛫ AJ ælfsciēne OE
ell ᛫ a unit of length equal to 45 inches ᛫ N ~[eln] ANE supposedly there was a Flemish ell which was 27 inches long
elland ᛫ a foreign land ᛫ N elland OE
ellandish ellandisc ᛫ of another land ᛫ foreign ᛫ AJ ellendish ME
ellen ᛫ vigour ᛫ valour ᛫ zeal ᛫ N elne[ellen] ME
ellen ᛫ to comfort mentally ᛫ to uplift mentally ᛫ V elnen[elnian] ME
ellenly ᛫ valiant ᛬ daringly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ellenlīc&ellenlīce OE
ellenmearth ellenmearþ ᛫ glory of valour or courage ᛫ N ellenmǣrþ OE
ellenwood ellenƿood ᛫ to rage with zeal ᛬ furiously zealous ᛫ V᛬AJ ellenwōdian&ellenwōd OE rhyme: ellenmood
eller ᛫ elsewhere ᛫ AV ellor OE
ellerfouse ellerfuse ᛫ ready to go elsewhere ᛫ AJ ellorfūs OE
ellersithe ellersiþe ᛫ a departure ᛫ a journey to elsewhere ᛫ N ellorsīþ OE
elning ᛫ zeal ᛫ N elnung/ellung OE
elp ᛫ an elephant ᛫ N elp[elp/elpend] ME‹I‹H‹O
elpsbone ᛫ elephant bone ᛫ ivory ᛫ N elpes bon{elpendbǣnen} ME‹OE‹(O+E)
Elpsbone Shore Score ᛫ Cote d'Ivoire ᛫ Ivory Coast ᛫ N(P) elpes bon+shore ME+NE calque: Ivory Coast
elpsear • a Begonia plant ( a begonia ) • N elp+s+ear ME‹I‹H‹O+NE+NE calque: elephant's-ear
elreardiness ᛫ barbarousness ( as in foreign-speakingness ) ᛫ N elreordignes OE literally: foreign-voice-y-ness
elreardy ᛫ barbarous ( as in foreign-speaking ) ᛫ AJ elreordig OE literally: foreign-voice-y
elsewhence elshƿens ᛫ from elsewhere ᛫ aliunde ᛫ AV ~ NE
Elsinore ᛫ Helsingør ( city in Denmark ) ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
eltheed elþeed ᛫ a foreign nation ᛫ N elþēod OE
eltheedy elþeedy ᛫ foreign ᛫ of a foreign nation ᛫ AJ elþeodig OE
emb ᛫ around ᛫ in the vicinity of ᛬ around ᛫ concerning ᛫ surrounding ᛫ AV᛬P embe ME [OED] ᛫ "umb" might be Norse
emb ᛫ circum- ᛫ PREFIX embe- ME "umb" might be Norse
emberwood emberƿood ᛫ a Caesalpinia echinata plant ( a brazilwood ) ᛫ N ember+wood NE×2 calque: brazilwood
emforth emforþ ᛫ to the extent of ᛫ in proportion to ᛫ P emforth[evenforth] ME
emirdom ᛫ an emirate ᛫ N emir+dom{emirate} O+NE
emnet ᛫ a plain ᛫ level ground ᛬ to make level ᛫ N emnett&emnettan OE
emptiness ᛫ an empty space ᛫ a void ᛫ a vacuum ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
en ᛫ -ize ᛫ -ise ᛫ -ify ᛫ -fy ᛫ -ate ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE found in: "fatten"
en ᛫ ( denotes a sense of pertaining to , or of being made of ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE found in: "wooden"
en ᛫ -ess ᛫ SUFFIX -en[-en] ME unproductive in Modern English ᛫ see: she-/sce-
end ᛫ a duck ᛫ N ende[ened/æned] ME
end ᛫ ( present participle suffix ) ᛫ ( agent suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX -end/-and/-ant[-ende] ME ARCHAIC & NOT RECOMMENDED OUTSIDE SPECIAL USE
end ᛫ an objective ᛫ an aim of an action ᛫ a goal ᛫ a purpose for an action ᛫ N ~ NE
endbird ᛫ an order ( as in arrangement ) ᛬ to set in order ᛫ N᛬V endebyrd&endebyrdan OE literally end-birth
endbirdly ᛫ ordinal ᛫ AJ endebyrdlīc OE
endbirdness ᛫ row ᛫ series ᛫ rank ᛫ order of nature ᛫ N endebyrdnes OE
endbrain ᛫ the telencephalon ᛫ N ~ NE
ending ᛫ a conclusion ᛫ a finale ᛫ N ~ NE
endless ᛫ infinite ᛫ countless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
endly ᛫ -capable ( active ) ᛫ -able (passive ) ᛫ -ably ( passive ) ᛫ SUFFIX enlīc/enlīce/endlīce/enndliȝ ME READ ME ᛫ see: -bere ᛫ or: -enly
endly ᛫ final ᛫ terminal ᛫ conclusive ᛬ finally ᛫ at last ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
endsay ᛫ a conclusion ( as in the closing words of something ) ᛫ N ~ NE
endtime ᛫ apocalyptic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Engledom Engeldom ᛫ the Anglosphere ᛫ the domain of Englishness ᛫ N Engle+dom ME+NE
Englekin Engelkin ᛫ the English people ᛫ N Angelcynn OE
Engles Engels ᛫ Anglos ᛫ Englishmen ᛫ N(P) Engles ME singular form not attested?
Engley Engely ᛫ Anglic ᛫ AJ englelīc OE
Englishen Engliscen ᛫ to translate into English ᛫ to express in English ᛫ to Anglicize ᛫ V Englishen ME
enough enuge ᛫ sufficient ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ent ᛫ an ettin ᛫ a giant ᛫ an intelligent walking tree ( modern fantasy ) ᛫ N ent OE the tree meaning comes from Tolkien
entask ᛫ a dinosaur ᛫ N ent+ask NE×2 risaeðla
entish entisc ᛫ gigantic ᛫ AJ entisc OE
er ᛫ anger ᛫ wrath ᛫ ire ᛫ rage ᛬ angry ᛫ wrathful ᛫ ireful ᛫ N᛬AJ erre ME
erd ᛫ a region ᛫ a dwelling place ᛫ N ē̆rd ME
erdendly ᛫ habitable ᛫ AJ eardigendlīc OE
erdfast ᛫ settled ᛫ established in a place ᛫ abiding ᛫ earthfast ᛫ AJ eardfæst OE
erdghost eardgoast ᛫ an ethos ( a characteristic spirit of a group period movement etc ) ᛫ N ē̆rd+ghost ME+NE
erding ᛫ habitation ᛫ a habitation ᛫ a habitat ᛫ a tabernacle ᛫ N ē̆rding&eardung ME&OE
erdshrew erdscreƿ ᛫ Sorex araneus ( a kind of shrew ) ᛫ N ~ NE
ere ᛫ pre- ᛫ ante- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE see fore (prefix)
ere ᛫ earlier ᛫ formerly ᛬ before ᛫ sooner than ᛬ before in time ᛫ AV᛬P᛬C ere&ǣr NE&OE rhyme: air
Erelithe Ereliþe ᛫ June ᛫ N(P) Ærra Liþa OE
erelong ᛫ before long ᛫ soon ᛫ AV ~ NE
erenow erenue ᛫ before now ᛫ prior to this point of time ᛫ AV ~ NE
erer ᛫ more ere ᛫ earlier ᛫ AV ǣror OE
erewhile erehƿile ᛫ a while before ᛫ some time ago ᛫ AV ~ NE
ereyesterday eregesterday ᛫ the day before yesterday ᛬ on the day before yesterday ᛫ N᛬AV ~ NE
Ereyule Eregeƿl ᛫ December ᛫ N(P) Ærra Geola OE Anglisc Spelling based on variant spelling which avoids awkward "geool"
erf ᛫ inheritance ᛫ patrimony ᛫ cattle ᛫ heritage ᛫ N erve&irfe ME&OE&OE or: erve
erf ᛫ an heir ᛫ an inheritor ᛬ to inherit ᛫ N᛬V irfa&irfan OE&OE
erfdeal ᛫ a division of an inheritance ᛫ N irfegedāl OE
erfland ᛫ land that passes as an inheritance ᛫ heritable land ᛫ N irfeland OE
erflove erflofe ᛫ an heirloom ᛫ N irfelāf OE
erfnum ᛫ an heir ᛫ an inheritor ᛫ a heritor ᛫ N ervenāme[yrfenuma] ME
erfward erfƿard ᛫ an heir ᛫ an inheritor ᛫ a heritor ᛫ N ervward[erfeweard] ME
erfwrit erfƿrit ᛫ a will ( as in a legal testament ) ᛫ N irfegewrit OE
erfwriter erfƿriter ᛫ a testator ᛫ N irfewrītend OE
Erie Mere Earry ᛫ Lake Erie ᛫ N(P) Erie+mere NE‹O+NE
erm ᛫ to grieve ᛫ V ermen ME
ermen ᛫ (denotes universality , immensness , or totality ) ᛫ AJ eormen- OE
ern ᛫ a building ᛫ N ern[ærn] ME found in: barn (which means "barley-ern"); saltern
ern ᛫ ( shows the noun is a location ) ᛫ -ery ᛫ SUFFIX ern OE
erne ᛫ an eagle ᛫ N earne&earn/ern[earn] NE&ME broad meaning has been restored
errand ᛫ a task ᛫ a mission ᛫ a commission ᛫ a message ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
errander ᛫ a messenger ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
errandghost errandgoast ᛫ a spiritual messenger ᛫ an angel ᛫ N ~ NE
errandrake ᛫ an ambassador ᛫ diplomat ᛫ N erendrāke[ǣrendraca] ME
errandsman ᛫ an ambassador ᛫ N erendesmon ME [OED]
errandwrit errandƿrit ᛫ a letter ᛫ a message ᛫ a report ᛫ N ǣrendgewrit OE
erst ᛫ first ᛬ first of all ᛫ sooner than ᛫ before ᛫ once ᛫ erstwhile ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
erstwhile ersthƿile ᛫ previous ᛫ former ᛬ previously ᛫ formerly ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
esen ᛫ a man of the servile class ᛫ N esne OE
Estland ᛫ Estonia ᛫ N Estland{ēstland} NL
et ᛫ -ize ᛫ -ise ᛫ -ify ᛫ -fy ᛫ -ate ᛫ SUFFIX ettan OE like "bōt" (assistance, remedy) to "bōtettan" (to repair)
et ᛫ ( forms nouns from adjectives , verbs , and other nouns ) ᛫ SUFFIX et OE found in: thicket
etched eced ᛫ vinegar ᛫ N eced[acētum] OE‹‹I
ethe eþe ᛫ to breathe ᛫ V ēthien[ēþian] ME
ethel eþel ᛫ a homeland ᛫ an ancestral land ᛫ a native land ᛫ a fatherland ᛫ an estate ᛫ patria ᛫ N ethel ME
ethel eþel ᛫ native- ᛫ domestic- ᛫ PREFIX eþel OE
ethelward eþelƿard ᛫ a ward of one's ancestral land ᛫ N eþelweard OE
Ethiopy Eþiopy ᛫ Ethiopia ᛫ N(P) ethiopy/Ethiopie ME
ettenish ettenisc ᛫ giant ᛫ gigantic ᛫ AJ ēotenisc OE
ettin ᛫ an ent ᛫ a giant ᛫ N ~[eoten] NE kin: jǫtunn (Norse)
ettle ettel ᛫ intention ᛫ intent ᛬ to intend ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹N kin: eahtian ᛫ [CED]
Eufrate ᛫ the Euphrates ᛫ N(P) eufrate OE
Europish Europisc ᛫ European ᛫ AJ Europe+ish NE‹I+NE
eve efe ᛫ the day evening or other period of time immediately before an event or occasion ᛫ N ~ NE
even efen ᛫ equal- ᛫ fellow- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
even efen ᛫ to even ᛫ to equalize ᛬ equal ᛫ V᛬AJ ~ NE
even efen ᛫ to perform ᛫ to execute ᛫ V efnan OE
evenamind efenamind ᛫ commemoration ᛫ N efengemynd OE
evenamindy efenamindy ᛫ commemorative ᛫ AJ efengemyndig OE
evenborn efenborn ᛫ of equal birth ᛫ AJ efenboren OE
evenbusiness efenbusiness ᛫ a cooperative business ᛫ N even+business NE×2
evenedwistly efenedƿistly ᛫ consubstantial ᛫ of the same substance or essence ᛫ AJ efenedwistlīc OE
eveneld efeneld ᛫ coeval ᛫ of the same age ᛫ AJ efeneald OE
evener efener ᛫ an equator ᛫ N even+er NE×2 calque: equator
evenfall efenfall ᛫ dusk ᛫ twilight ᛫ N ~ NE
evengivel efengifel ᛫ supper ᛫ dinner ᛫ N ǣfengifl OE
evenhanded efenhanded ᛫ ambidextrous ᛫ impartial ᛫ unbiased ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
evenhandedness efenhandedness ᛫ ambidexterity ᛫ ambidextrousness ᛫ impartiality ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
evenhearted efenhearted ᛫ concordant ᛫ harmonious ᛫ AJ efenheort OE
evenhood efenhood ᛫ impartiality ᛫ fairness ᛫ equality ᛫ justice ᛫ moderation ᛫ temperance ᛫ N ~[ēvenhēde] NE
evening evening ᛫ an equal ᛫ a peer ᛫ an equivalent ᛫ N ē̆vening[efning] ME
evenledge efenlecg ᛫ to imitate ᛫ V efenlǣcan OE
evenly efenly ᛫ equally ᛬ equal ᛫ of the same rank ᛫ equivalent ᛫ AJ᛬AV evenly+ē̆venlī̆ NE&ME
evenmete efenmete ᛫ coequal ᛫ equal ᛫ equivalent ᛫ AJ evenmete ME
evenminded efenminded ᛫ equanimous ᛫ equable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
evenmindedness efenmindedness ᛫ equanimity ᛫ equability ᛫ N ~ NE
evenness efenness ᛫ balance ᛫ equilibrium ᛫ equality ᛫ N ~ NE
evennight efennigt ᛫ equinox ᛫ N efenniht OE
evensong efensong ᛫ vespers ( the service held at the sixth canonical hour ) ᛫ N ~[ēvensō̆ng][ǣfensang] NE
evensorrow efensorroƿ ᛫ empathy ᛫ sympathy ᛫ compassion ᛬ to compassionate ᛫ to be sorry for ᛫ to empathize ᛫ to sympathize ᛫ N᛬V efensorgian OE
eventide efentide ᛫ evening ᛫ N ~ NE
evenword efenƿord ᛫ synonym ᛫ N even+word NE×2 calque: evenwoord
evenwork efenƿork ᛫ to cooperate ᛫ to work together ᛫ V efenweorcan OE
evenwright efenƿrigt ᛫ a coworker ᛫ N efenwyrhta OE
ever efer ᛫ perma- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
ever efer ᛫ a descendant ᛫ N eafora OE
everdeath eferdeaþ ᛫ permadeath ( gaming ) ᛫ N ever+death NE×2 calque: permadeath
Everettish Eferettisc ᛫ of or pertaining to the many-worlds interpretation of quantum physics ᛫ AJ(P) Everet+ish NE×2 calque: Everettian
everfern eferfern ᛫ a Polypodium vulgare plant ( common polypody ) ? ᛫ an Osmunda regalis plant ( royal fern ) ? ᛫ N everfē̆rn ME
everfrost eferfrost ᛫ permafrost ᛫ N ever+frost NE×2 calque: permafrost
everfrostland eferfrostland ᛫ a stretch of tundra ᛫ N ever+frost+land NE×3
everlasting eferlasting ᛫ eternal ᛫ permanent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
everlastingness eferlastingness ᛫ permanence ᛫ durability ᛫ eternality ᛫ N everlasting+ness NE×2
everlink eferlink ᛫ a permalink ᛬ to permalink (create a static address) ᛫ N᛬V ever+link{permalink} NE×2 calque: permalink
evermore efermore ᛫ eternally ᛫ forever ᛫ always ᛫ AV ~ NE
everness eferness ᛫ perpetuity ᛫ eternity ᛫ N ~ NE
evertilth efertilþ ᛫ permaculture ᛫ N ever+tilth NE×2 calque: permaculture
Everwich Eferƿic ᛫ York ᛫ N(P) everwich ME‹OE‹C less Norse variant of "York"
Everwichshire Eferƿicscire ᛫ Yorkshire ᛫ N(P) Eoforwīcscīr OE unnecessary alternative
everyday eferyday ᛫ ordinary ᛫ typical ᛫ commonplace ᛫ AJ ~ NE
everyman eferyman ᛫ an average or ordinary person ᛫ a commoner ᛫ N ~ NE
evest efest ᛫ malice ᛫ N evest[æfēst] ME
evilcund efilcund ᛫ of evil nature ᛫ malignant ᛫ AJ yfelcund OE
evildoer efildoer ᛫ a malefactor ᛫ N ~ NE
evilqueath efilcƿeaþ ᛫ to slander ᛫ to curse ( someone ) ᛫ V yfelcweþan OE
evilwilling efilƿilling ᛫ malevolent ᛫ of evil will ᛫ AJ yfelwillende OE
ewbough eƿbuge ᛫ a legislative branch ᛫ N ē+bough ME+NE
ewbreach eƿbreac ᛫ adultery ᛫ N ǣwbryce OE
ewbreaker eƿbreaker ᛫ an adulterer ᛫ N ǣbreca OE
ewe eƿe ᛫ a female sheep ᛫ N ~ NE opposite of: ram
ewfast eƿfast ᛫ firm in observing the law ᛫ pious ᛫ law-abiding ᛫ AJ ǣfæst OE
ewfastness eƿfastness ᛫ firmness in observing the law ᛫ piety ᛫ N ǣfæstnes OE
ewleap eƿleap ᛫ a crime ᛫ a violation of the law ᛫ a transgression ᛫ N ǣhlȳp OE literally law-leap
ey ᛫ an egg ᛫ N ~ NE PL: eyren ᛫ "egg" is Norse
ey ᛫ terror ᛫ N ege/ōga{oue} OE
eye ᛫ awe ᛫ fear ᛫ terror ᛫ N eie[ege] ME
eyeblink ᛫ an instant ᛫ a moment ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
eyedoor ᛫ a window ᛫ N ēagdūru OE "window" is Norse
eyeglass ᛫ a monocle ᛫ N ~ NE
eyeleech eyeleec ᛫ an ophthalmologist ᛫ N eye+leech NE×2
eyely ᛫ visible ᛫ ocular ᛬ visibly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
eyering ᛫ an orbit ( an eye socket ) ᛫ N eiring ME
eyesome eyesum ᛫ attractive ᛫ pleasing to the eye ᛫ AJ ~ NE
eyethril eyeþril ᛫ a window ᛫ an eye-hole ᛫ N ēagþyrl OE
eyetooth eyetooþ ᛫ a canine tooth ᛫ N ~ NE
eyewater eyeƿater ᛫ vitreous humour ᛫ aqueous humour ᛫ N ~ NE
eylime ᛫ egg white ᛫ N æglīm OE
eyse ᛫ to terrorize ᛫ V egesian OE
eywhite eyhƿite ᛫ a protein ᛫ N ey+white NE×2 calque: eiwit
eywort eyƿurt ᛫ a dandelion ᛫ N ægwyrt OE
fack ᛫ an interval ᛫ a portion of time ᛫ N fece/fæce&fæc ME&OE
fade ᛫ to direct ᛫ to arrange ᛫ to order ᛫ to dictate ᛫ V fade&fadian ME&OE
fain ᛫ joyful ᛫ pleased ᛫ gladly willing ᛬ joyfully ᛫ gladly willingly ᛫ AJ᛬AV᛬I fain&fain[fægen] NE&ME
fair ᛫ just ᛫ equitable ᛫ reasonable ᛫ of decent value ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fairheered ᛫ blond / blonde ᛫ AJ fairhaired NE
fairminded ᛫ unbiased and impartial ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fairness ᛫ impartiality ᛫ beauty ᛫ N ~ NE
fale ᛫ a companion ᛫ one who is faithful to another ᛫ N fāle ME kin fēle/fǣle
fall ᛫ autumn ᛫ N ~[feallan] NE
fall ᛫ a descent ᛫ a case ( grammatical term ) ᛫ a case [ᚹ] ᛫ an instance [ᚹ] ᛫ N fyll OE
fall back ᛫ to retreat ᛫ V ~ NE PST: fellback ᛫ PTCP: fallenback
fall through fall þruge ᛫ to fail as a plan ᛫ V ~ NE PST: fell through {fell þruge} ᛫ "I wanted to visit but the plan fell through."
fallgate ᛫ a portcullis ᛫ N fall+gate NE+NE calque: HG Fallgatter
fallish fallisc ᛫ autumnal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fallow falloƿ ᛫ pale brown ᛫ tan brown ᛫ tawny ᛫ khaki ᛫ beige ᛫ AJ ~[fealu] NE
fallow falloƿ ᛫ uncultivated land ᛫ N ~[fealh] NE
fallshield fallsceeld ᛫ a parachute ᛫ N fall+shield NE+NE calque: valscherm; Fallschirm
fallsick ᛫ epileptic ᛫ AJ fyllesēoc OE
fallsickness ᛫ epilepsy ᛫ N fyllesēocnys OE
fallsome fallsum ᛫ deciduous ( botany ) ᛫ AJ fall+some NE×2 invented by William Barnes
fallwind fallƿind ᛫ a katabatic wind ᛫ N fall wind NE [MW]
fand ᛫ a trial ᛫ an attempt ᛬ to try ( in a trial ) ᛫ to try ( to attempt ) ᛫ to endeavour ᛫ to put to a test ᛫ to experiment ᛫ N᛬V fond/fand&fonden/fanden ME or: fond
fane ᛫ a banner ᛫ a flag ᛫ a vane ᛫ N ~ NE
fang ᛫ to take [ᛏ] ᛫ to capture [ᛏ] ᛫ to catch [ᛏ] ᛫ to seize [ᛏ] ᛫ to receive ( a blow , an honor , etc ) [ᛏ] ᛫ to obtain [ᛏ] ᛫ V afọ̄n{fang} ME PST&PTCP: fanged ᛫ "fō̆ngen, fē̆ngen are analog. creations, replacing older fọ̄n" - MEC
fangle fangel ᛫ to invent ᛫ to fashion ᛫ V ~ ANE [CED]
fangtooth fangtooþ ᛫ a canine tooth ᛫ N fængtōþ OE
far ᛫ distant ᛫ AJ ~ NE
far ᛫ a bull ᛫ N fearr/fear OE
Far ᛫ Taurus ᛫ N(P) Fearr OE
farandman ᛫ a wayfarer ( esp a pedlar or a merchant who travels ) ᛫ N ~ NE
fare ᛫ a journey ᛫ a voyage ᛫ a transportation fee ᛬ to journey ᛫ to voyage ᛫ to travel ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
fareld ᛫ a course ᛫ a passage ᛫ a going ᛫ an expedition ᛫ N færeld OE
farfetched farfecced ᛫ fanciful ᛫ improbable ᛫ implausible ᛫ unlikely ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
farflung ᛫ remote ᛫ widely spread ᛫ AJ ~ NE
farl ᛫ a cake of a certain type ᛫ a biscuit of a certain type ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
farm ᛫ food ᛫ sustenance ᛫ entertainment ᛬ to feed ᛫ to sustain ᛫ to entertain ᛫ N᛬V feorm&feormian OE
farmth farmþ ᛫ a harbouring ᛫ an entertaining ᛫ a cleansing ᛫ N feormþ OE
farness ᛫ distance ᛫ N ~ NE
Faroish Faroisc ᛫ the Faroese language ᛬ Faroese ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
farrand ᛫ having a specified form or disposition ᛫ fashioned ᛫ AJ ~ NE
farrow farroƿ ᛫ a piglet ᛫ a litter of piglets ᛫ N farrow&fearh NE&OE
farsighted farsigted ᛫ hypermetropic ᛫ hyperopic ᛫ AJ far-sighted NE [OED]
farsightedness farsigtedness ᛫ hypermetropia ᛫ hyperopia ᛫ N far-sightedness NE [OED]
farth farþ ᛫ a tide ᛫ a current ᛫ a shore ᛫ N faroþ OE
farthing farþing ᛫ a quarter ( of something ) ᛫ one-quarter of an old penny ᛫ N ~ NE equivalent to forth-ing
fasel ᛫ progeny ? ᛫ N fæsl OE poorly attested
fass ᛫ rootlets ᛫ N fā̆s[fæs] ME
fast ᛫ firm ᛫ solid ᛫ stable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fast ᛫ ( denotes stability , firmness , solidity , reliability , adherence to ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
fasten ᛫ to secure ᛫ V ~ NE
fasten ᛫ a fortress ᛫ a stronghold ᛫ a castle ᛫ N fæsten OE
fasthavel fasþafel ᛫ stingy ᛫ miserly ᛫ AJ fæsthafol OE fast-havel
fastness ᛫ a secure place ᛫ stability ᛫ immobility ᛫ firmness ᛫ solidity ᛫ obduracy ᛫ obstinacy ᛫ N fastness&fastnes NE&ME
fastshaft fastscaft ᛫ solid matter ᛫ N fast+shaft NE+ME
fatgoose ᛫ a penguin ᛫ N fat+goose NE×2 calque: vetgans
fatherland faþerland ᛫ the land of one's ancestors or birth ᛫ N ~ NE
fatherly faþerly ᛫ paternal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fathermurther faþermurþer ᛫ patricide ᛫ N father+murther NE+ME calque: Vatermord
fathern faþern ᛫ paternal ᛫ AJ fæderen OE
fathernbrother faþernbroþer ᛫ paternal brother ( a brother one shares a father with ) ᛫ N fæderenbrōþor OE
fatherslayer faþerslayer ᛫ a patricide ᛫ N fatherslayer NE
fathom faþom ᛫ a unit of length equal to six feet ( 1.8 metres ) ᛬ to grasp ᛫ to imagine [ᚹ] ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
fathomless faþomless ᛫ immeasurable ᛫ incomprehensible ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fathomlessness faþomlessness ᛫ unimaginability ᛫ N ~ NE
faw faƿ ᛫ particolored ᛫ variegated ᛫ spotted ᛫ streaked ᛫ AJ fawe[fāh] ME
fawn faƿn ᛫ to show affection ᛫ to court favour through flattering ᛫ V ~ NE often found in the term "fawning over"
fawning faƿning ᛫ a rejoicing ᛫ an exultation ᛫ a celebration ᛬ obsequious ᛫ N᛬AJ fawning&fægnung NE&OE
fawworm faƿƿurm ᛫ a basilisk ᛫ N fāgwyrm OE
fax ᛫ head hair ᛫ N ~ NE
faxcloth faxcloþ ᛫ a headband ᛫ a hairband ᛫ N feaxclāþ OE
faxed ᛫ maned ᛫ AJ ~ NE
faxedstar ᛫ a comet ᛫ N fax+ed+star NE×3 calque: maned star
faxfalling ᛫ loss of hair ᛫ alopecia ᛫ N feaxfeallung OE
faxneedle faxneedel ᛫ a hair needle ᛫ N feaxnǣdel OE
faxread ᛫ to dress or trim hair ᛫ V feaxgerǣdian OE
fay ᛫ a joining ᛫ a combo ᛫ a combination ᛫ a juncture ᛬ to join together ᛫ to attach ᛫ to combine ᛫ N᛬V gefēg&feien OE&ME
faying ᛫ a conjunction ( grammatical term ) ᛫ N fēging OE or: linkword (coined by William Barnes)
faze fase ᛫ to daunt ᛫ to put off ᛫ to disturb ᛫ to perturb ᛫ V ~[fēsen] NE
fea ᛫ joy ᛬ to rejoice ᛫ to exult ᛫ to celebrate ᛫ N᛬V gefēa&gefēon OE&OE
feamen ᛫ a damsel ᛫ N fǣmne OE
fearsome fearsum ᛫ scary ᛫ AJ ~ NE
feather feaþer ᛫ a pen ᛫ a stylus ᛫ N fether&feþer ME&OE
feather star feaþer ᛫ a non-stalked crinoid ᛫ N ~ NE poorly attested
featherhame feaþerhame ᛫ plumage ᛫ N fetherhāme ME
featherheaded feaþerheaded ᛫ disorganized and foolish ᛫ AJ feather-headed NE [LEX]
fee ᛫ livestock ᛫ cattle ᛫ capital ᛫ money ᛫ wealth ᛫ moveable property ᛫ N fee&fē NE&ME "fee" as in "fine" is French
feeboot ᛫ monetary compensation ᛫ N feohbōt OE
feeder ᛫ a tributary ᛫ an affluent ᛫ a branch road or railway line ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
feedingroom ᛫ a cafeteria ᛫ a canteen ᛫ a refectory ᛫ N feeding-room NE [OED]
feedom ᛫ capitalism ᛫ N fē+dom ME+NE
feel ᛫ many ᛬ many ᛫ much ᛬ very ᛫ quite ᛫ much ᛫ greatly ᛫ frequently ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬AV fēle[fela] ME
feel ᛫ excellent ᛫ faithful ᛫ AJ fēle&fǣle ME&OE
feeland ᛫ a pasture ᛫ pasture land ᛫ N feohland OE
feelfold ᛫ to increase in number ᛫ to multiply ᛬ manifold ᛫ multiple ᛫ varied ᛫ diverse ᛫ V᛬AJ fēlefōlden&fēlefōlden ME
feeling ᛫ a sensation ᛫ a sense ᛫ an impression ᛫ an emotion ᛫ a sentiment ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
feening ᛫ a craving for more narcotics ᛫ N ~ NE
Feenish Feenisc ᛫ Phoenician language ᛬ Phoenician ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Syrofēnisc{φοῖνιξ} OE
Feenishman Feeniscman ᛫ a Phoenician ᛫ N(P) Syrofēnisc+man OE+NE
feenix ᛫ a phoenix ᛫ N fēnix ME‹O
feered ᛫ a company of people ᛫ a band ᛫ a host ᛫ a troop ᛫ companionship ᛫ comradeship ᛫ N ferrēde{fēre} ME
feeth feeþ ᛫ walking on foot ᛫ the ability to talk on foot ᛬ to travel on foot ᛫ N᛬V fēþe&fēþan OE
feether feeþer ᛫ infantry ᛫ a host ᛫ a troop ᛫ tribe ᛫ company ᛫ N fēþa OE
feethgang feeþgang ᛫ a journey on foot ᛫ N fēþegang OE
feethheer feeþheer ᛫ a foot army ᛫ a troop of infantry ᛫ N fēþehere OE
feigh feig ᛫ to make beautiful ᛫ to adorn ᛫ V feahen[fǣgan] ME
feist ᛫ a fart ᛫ a small dog ( esp a feisty one ) ᛬ to fart ᛫ N᛬V feist&fīst&fīsten NE&ME&ME
feisty ᛫ like a small energetic dog ᛫ spunky ᛫ AJ ~ NE
feith feiþ ᛫ a feud ᛫ N fǣhþ{feithhēd}{feied} OE equal to: foe+th
fell ᛫ a pelt ᛫ hide ᛫ skin ᛫ N ~[fel/fell] NE [MW]
fell ᛫ to destroy ᛫ to kill ᛫ to fell a tree ᛫ to make something fall ᛫ to strike down ᛫ to defeat ᛫ V ~[fellan]{afellen} NE
fellen ᛫ made of fell ᛫ made of skin ᛫ AJ fellen OE
felling ᛫ a clearing ᛫ an open space in a forest ᛫ N ~ ME
fellow felloƿ ᛫ a companion ᛫ a comrade ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
fellowless felloƿless ᛫ peerless ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(N+E)
fellowred felloƿred ᛫ an association ᛫ companionship ᛫ sexual intercourse ᛫ a company of people ᛫ a community ᛫ N fē̆laurē̆de ME‹(N+E)
fellowship felloƿscip ᛫ a community ᛫ community ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
felly ᛫ the exterior rim supported by spokes ᛫ a circumference ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
felton ᛫ a toilet ᛫ a privy ᛫ N feltūn OE
feltwort feltƿurt ᛫ a Verbascum plant ᛫ a mullein ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
fen ᛫ a stretch of unforested wetland fed by ground water and runoff ᛫ N ~ NE
fenberry ᛫ a Vaccinium oxycoccos plant ( a cranberry ) ᛫ N fen-berry NE
fengle fengel ᛫ a prince ᛫ a princeps ᛫ N fengel OE
fennel ᛫ a Foeniculum vulgare plant ᛫ N ~ NE
fenny ᛫ boggy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fenow fenoƿ ᛫ mold ᛫ N fenowed&fyne NE&OE
fenowed fenoƿed ᛫ moldy ᛫ decayed ᛫ corrupted ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fer ᛫ ( denotes a negative suddenness and unexpectedness ) ᛫ PREFIX fǣr{fērlī}{ferly} OE kin: fear
ferd ᛫ a military ᛬ to ready a military for war ᛫ to do military things ᛫ N᛬V fẹ̄̆rd&fẹ̄̆rden ME&ME
ferdfare ᛫ military service ᛫ the obligation of military service ᛫ a fee to forgo military service ᛫ N fẹ̄̆rdfāre ME
ferdly ᛫ military ᛫ martial ᛫ AJ fyrdlíc OE
ferdman ᛫ a soldier ᛫ a militiaman ᛫ N fyrdmann OE
ferdwite ferdƿite ᛫ a penalty for evading military service ᛫ N fyrdwīte OE
fere ᛫ a companion ( a comrade , a spouse , a friend , etc ) ᛫ N ~[ifẹ̄re][gefēra] ANE
fere ᛫ life ᛫ N fēre{feore/feorh} ME
feregiver feregiver ᛫ giver of life ᛫ God ᛫ N feorhgifa OE de-Norsed: fereyeaver/feregeefer
ferk ᛫ to support ᛫ to bring in support ᛫ to assist ᛫ to drive ᛫ to rush ᛫ V ferken&fercian ME&OE
ferking ᛫ provisions ᛫ a sustaining ᛫ N fercung OE
ferly ᛫ an oddity ᛫ an anomaly [ᚹ] ᛫ a surprise [ᚹ] ᛬ strange ᛫ surprising ᛫ unexpected ᛫ anomalous ᛬ strangely ᛫ surprisingly ᛫ unexpectedly ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬AV ferly&fērlī NE&ME equal to: fear+ly
fern ᛫ ancient ᛫ old ᛫ previous ᛫ past ᛫ AJ fern/furn ME
fern ᛫ ancient- ᛫ old- ᛫ PREFIX fern[fyrn] ME
fern ᛫ a Filicophyta plant ᛫ a Filicopsida plant ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
ferndays ᛫ days of old ᛫ N fyrndagas OE
fernlore ᛫ archaeology ᛫ N fern+lore ME+NE calque: archaeology
fernman ᛫ an ancient ( as in "the ancients" ) ᛫ N fyrnman OE
fernseed ᛫ one of the asexual dustlike spores of a fern which resemble seeds ᛫ N fern seed NE
fernsitter ᛫ a rabbit ( poetic ) ᛫ N fernsitter ME poorly attested
ferry ᛫ a ship used to transport passengers and goods ᛬ to transport ᛫ to convey ᛫ V ~ NE or: fere (from ME alternative)
ferse ᛫ a verse ᛫ N fers OE‹I
fersh fersc ᛫ fresh ᛫ AJ fersh ME most etymologies say "fresh" is from French "fresche"
fetch fec ᛫ to go after and bring back ᛫ V ~ NE
fether feþer ᛫ to burden ᛫ to put a load upon ᛫ V fetheren ME
fetter ᛫ a limit ᛫ a regulation ᛫ a restricter ᛫ a restriction ᛫ a restrainer ᛬ to restrict ᛫ to restrain ᛫ to impede ᛫ to slow down ᛫ to limit ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
fettered ᛫ restrained ᛫ restricted ᛫ limited ᛫ regulated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fettle fettel ᛫ a vessel ᛫ a receptacle ᛫ a cask ᛫ a bag ᛫ a sack ᛫ N fētil[fǣtels] ME
fettle fettel ᛫ condition ᛬ to repair ᛫ to mend ᛫ to fix ᛫ to put in order ᛫ N᛬V ~[fetel] NE [MW]
fettler fetteller ᛫ a repairer ᛫ a repairman ᛫ a railway maintenance man ᛫ N ~ NE
fewshaft feƿscaft ᛫ destitute ᛫ miserable ᛫ squalid ᛫ AJ feasceaft OE
fey ᛫ doomed ᛫ dying ᛫ fraught with fatal consequences ᛫ AJ ~[fei][fǣge] NE
fick ᛫ deceit ᛫ fraud ᛫ N fic&gefic OE&OE
fickle fickel ᛫ unreliable ᛫ disloyal ᛫ treacherous ᛫ deceptive ᛫ deceitful ᛫ N fickle&fikel[ficol] NE&ME
fiddle fiddel ᛫ a violin ᛫ N ~[fiþele] NE
fiddle with fiddel ƿiþ ᛫ to manipulate ᛫ to tinker ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fiddlestick fiddelstick ᛫ a violin bow ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
fie ᛫ to despise ᛫ to abhor ᛫ to detest ᛫ to disdain ᛫ to abominate ᛫ V fēogan OE analogy: lēogan to lie ᛫ kin: fiend
fieldelf feeldelf ᛫ a field elf ᛫ a field fairy ᛫ a field nymph ᛫ N feldælf OE
fieldhen feeldhen ᛫ a Perdix bird ( a partridge ) ᛫ N field+hen NE×2 calque: NL veldhoen
fieldhouse feeldhuse ᛫ a tent ᛫ a building used for sports ᛫ N ~[feldhūs] NE
fieldswamb feeldsƿamb ᛫ fungus ᛫ N feldswamm OE
fiend feend ᛫ an evil person ᛫ a lowlife ᛫ a drug addict ᛫ an enemy ᛫ a devil ᛫ the Devil ᛫ a demon ᛫ N ~ NE
fiendish feendisc ᛫ diabolical ᛫ demonic ᛫ extremely cruel ᛫ extremely wicked ᛫ excessively bad , unpleasant , or difficult ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
fiendred feendred ᛫ enmity ᛫ N fēondrǣden OE
fiendship feendscip ᛫ enmity ᛫ foeship ᛫ N fēondscip OE
fifth fifþ ᛫ a quint ᛫ a pentachord ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
fifthbeing fifþbeing ᛫ a quintessence ᛫ N fifte beinge ME
fight figt ᛫ to moisten ᛫ V fȳhtan OE
fightlock figtlock ᛫ combat ᛫ N feohtlāc OE
fike ᛫ to feign ᛫ to dissemble ᛫ to flatter ᛫ to wheedle ᛫ V fiken[fician] ME
fike ᛫ a fig ᛫ N fīke ME‹I?
filch filc ᛫ some stolen thing or things ᛬ to steal ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
file ᛫ to defile ᛫ to corrupt ᛫ V fīlen[fȳlan] ME
fill ᛫ chervil ? ᛫ the Thymus serpyllum plant ( breckland thyme ) ? ᛫ N fille OE
film ᛫ a movie ᛫ a membrane ᛫ skin ᛫ N film&filmen NE&OE
filmcraft ᛫ the art or craft of making movies ᛫ cinematography ᛫ N filmcraft NE
filmdom ᛫ the movie industry ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
filmgoer ᛫ a moviegoer ᛫ a cinemagoer ᛫ N ~ NE
filmhouse filmhuse ᛫ a cinema ᛫ N film+house NE×2
filmish filmisc ᛫ filmic ᛫ cinematic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
filmling ᛫ a short film ᛫ N film+ling NE×2
filmmaker ᛫ a cinematographer ᛫ a filmographer ᛫ N ~ NE
filmplay ᛫ a motion picture ᛫ N film play NE [MW]
filmstar ᛫ a movie star ᛫ N film star NE
filmwright filmƿrigt ᛫ a scriptwriter ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
filst ᛫ aid ᛫ assistance ᛫ support ᛫ furtherance ᛫ abetment ᛬ to aid ᛫ to assist ᛫ to support ᛫ to abet ᛫ N᛬V filst&filsten ME&ME
filthfear filþfear ᛫ mysophobia ᛫ N dirt+fear NE×2
find ᛫ to locate ᛫ V ~ NE
finding ᛫ discovery ᛫ a discovery ᛫ N ~ NE
findle findel ᛫ something found ᛫ a discovery ᛫ an invention ᛫ N findles ME
findy ᛫ capable ᛫ able ᛫ suitable ᛫ proper ᛫ apt or effective language ᛫ AJ fīndī&gefyndig ME&OE [OED] ᛫ rhyme: windy
finger ᛫ to identify ᛫ to point out ᛫ V ~ NE
fingerapple fingerappel ᛫ a date ᛫ N fingeræppel OE
fingerbone ᛫ a phalanx of a finger ( anatomy ) ᛫ N ~ NE
fingry ᛫ digital ᛫ AJ finger+y NE×2
Finn ᛫ a Finn ᛫ N(P) Finn OE
fint ᛫ a tail ᛫ sequel ᛫ consequence ᛫ N finta OE
firebarrow firebarroƿ ᛫ a volcano ᛫ N fire+barrow NE×2
firebouk firebook ᛫ a Molotov cocktail ᛫ N fire+bouk NE+ME
firebrand ᛫ a torch with a flame ᛫ an argumentative troublemaker or revolutionary ᛫ N ~ NE
firedog ᛫ an andiron ᛫ a landiron ᛫ N ~ NE calque: chenet?
fireflood ᛫ a lava flow ᛫ N ~ NE
firefree ᛫ fireproof ᛫ free from fire ᛫ AJ fire-free NE&ANE [OED]
firehouse firehuse ᛫ a fire station ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
firen ᛫ to sin ᛫ V firenian OE
firenful ᛫ sinful ᛫ wicked ᛫ AJ firenfull OE
firenlust ᛫ sinful lust ᛫ wantonness ᛫ N firenlust OE
firepan ᛫ a brazier ᛫ N ~ NE
fires ᛫ living beings ᛫ humanity ᛫ humans ᛫ N fīras OE kin: feorm/farm; firihōs (Old Saxon); fīrar (Icelandic)
fireward fireƿard ᛫ a fire chief ᛫ a fire warden ᛫ a fire marshal ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
firewater fireƿater ᛫ liquor ᛫ strong alcoholic drink ᛫ N ~ NE possibly a calque from an American Indian language
fireweapon fireƿeapon ᛫ a firearm ᛫ N ~ NE "earliest use found in Humphrey Barwick (d. 1598)" ᛫ see OXF
firk ᛫ to move quickly ᛫ hasten ᛫ to be lively ᛫ to jerk ᛫ to switch ᛫ to fidget ᛫ to fuss ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
firl ᛫ distance ᛫ N firl OE
firlen ᛫ distant ᛫ remote ᛫ AJ fyrlen OE
firnut ᛫ a fircone ᛫ N fir+nut NE×2 note: pīnhnutu
firrow firroƿ ᛫ a mountain ᛫ N firgen/fyrgen{firegāt} OE kin: 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌿𐌽𐌹; पर्वत ᛫ evidence from ME shows loss of /n/
firrowbuck firroƿbuck ᛫ an ibex ? ᛫ N firgenbucca OE
firse ᛫ to keep away ᛫ to take away ᛫ V firsen/fursen[feorsian] ME "firse him from me" ᛫ kin: far
firsen ᛫ the heel ᛫ N fiersn/fyrsn OE
first ᛫ a ceiling ᛫ a roof ᛫ N first[first] ME
first hoad ᛫ first person ᛫ N fyrest hād OE from Ælfric's Grammar
firstbirth firstbirþ ᛫ primogeniture ᛫ N first-birthe ME
firsthand firsþand ᛫ direct ( without intermediate stages ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
firth firþ ᛫ an estuary ᛫ an inlet ᛫ a fjord ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
firwit firƿit ᛫ curiosity ᛫ N firwit/firwet OE
fise ᛫ to launch ᛫ to send quickly ᛫ to bring quickly ᛫ V fūsen[fȳsan] ME
fishhawk fischaƿk ᛫ a Pandion haliaetus bird ( an osprey ) ᛫ N ~ NE
fishhouse fischuse ᛫ a fish tank ᛫ an aquarium ᛫ a place where fish is sold ᛫ a small shack used for ice fishing ᛫ N ffysche howse ME&NE [OED]
fishlore fisclore ᛫ ichthyology ᛫ N ~ NE
fishly fiscly ᛫ piscine ᛫ ichthyic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fishwife fiscƿife ᛫ a coarse-mannered woman who is prone to shouting ᛫ a female fishmonger ᛫ N ~ NE
fishy fiscy ᛫ suspicious ᛫ dubious ᛫ questionable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fistfighter fistfigter • a pugilist • N fist-fighter NE [OED]
fistfighting fistfigting • pugilism • pugilistics ᛬ pugilistic • N:AJ fist-fighting NE [OED]
fit ᛫ a section of a narrative ( esp a poem or song ) ᛫ a canto ᛫ a chapter ᛫ N fit&fit/fitt[fitte] NE&ME "chapter" usage found in "the Hunting of the Snark"
fit ᛫ a sudden and transitory state of activity or feeling ᛫ a paroxysm ᛫ a seizure ᛫ a convulsion ᛫ a tantrum ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
fitful ᛫ sporadic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Fitherrich Fiþerric ᛫ a tetrarch ᛫ N fyðerríca OE
fivald fifald ᛫ a butterfly ᛫ a Lepidopteran insect [ᚹ] ᛫ N fifalde OE
fivefold fifefold ᛫ quintuple ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
fivel fifel ᛫ a monster ᛫ a giant ᛫ N fifel OE
fiveling fifeling ᛫ a quintuplet ᛫ N five+ling NE+NE
fivelish fifelisc ᛫ monstrous ᛫ AJ fifel+ish ME+NE
fivepenny fifepenny ᛫ a nickel [ᚹ] ᛬ worth five cents ᛫ worth five pence ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
fivesome fifesum ᛫ a quintet ᛫ a pentad ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
fizz fis ᛫ soda ᛫ pop ᛫ coke ᛫ N ~ NE
flask ᛫ a flask ᛫ a bottle ᛫ N flaxe OE‹I? or: flax
flat ᛫ an apartment ᛫ N ~ NE
flatware flatƿare ᛫ eating utensils such as knives forks and spoons ᛫ cutlery ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
flawed flaƿed ᛫ imperfect ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹N
flawless flaƿless ᛫ perfect ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(N+E)
flaxen ᛫ made of flax ᛫ of the pale yellow colour of dressed flax ᛫ AJ ~ NE
flaxenheered ᛫ blond ᛫ blonde ᛫ AJ flaxenhaired NE
flay ᛫ to skin ᛫ V ~ NE
fleabane ᛫ an Erigeron plant ᛫ N ~ NE
fleard ᛫ falsehood ᛫ deceit ᛫ N flērd[gefleard] ME
flearder ᛫ a deceiver ᛫ a trickster ᛫ N fleardere OE
fledge flecg ᛫ to care for a young bird until it can fly ᛫ to grow feathers ᛫ V ~ NE
fledgling flecgling ᛫ an immature or inexperienced person or thing ᛬ nascent ᛫ emerging ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
flee ᛫ to run away ᛫ to escape ᛫ V ~ NE PST: fled PTCP: fled
fleed ᛫ to flow ᛫ V flēden ME kin: flood
fleek ᛫ a frame interwoven with bars and wattles ᛫ a hurdle ᛫ N flēke ME
fleem ᛫ exile ᛫ an exile ᛫ an outcast ᛬ to outcast ᛫ to exile ᛫ N᛬V flēme&flēmen ME&ME
fleet ᛫ a navy ᛫ N ~[flēot] NE
fleet ᛫ a marshland creek ᛫ a marshland channel ᛫ a marshland ditch ᛫ N ~[flēot] NE
fleet ᛫ to move quickly ᛫ to pass time rapidly ᛫ to fade away ᛫ V ~[flēotan] NE
fleet ᛫ cream ᛬ to remove cream or scum from ᛫ to skim ᛫ N᛬V flēte&flẹ̄ten OE&ME kin: flautir
fleeting ᛫ ephemeral ᛫ passing ( short-lived ) AJ ~ NE
fleetings ᛫ curds from which cheese is made ᛫ thick cream which rises to the surface of boiling whey ᛫ N ~ NE [EDD]
fleetlord ᛫ an admiral ᛫ N fleet+lord{sciphlāford} NE×2
fleettow fleettoƿ ᛫ an admiral ᛫ N fleet+tow NE×2 by analogy with heretowa ᛫ or: fleettough
flesher flescer ᛫ a butcher ᛫ N ~ NE
fleshhame fleschame ᛫ to incarnate ᛫ to become incarnate ᛫ V flǣschamian OE
fleshhamed fleschamed ᛫ incarnate ᛫ AJ flǣschamod OE
fleshliness flescliness ᛫ carnality ᛫ N ~ NE
fleshly flescly ᛫ carnal ᛫ sensual ᛫ having an actual physical appearance ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fleshy flescy ᛫ plump ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fley ᛫ to scare [ᛏ] ᛫ to become scared ᛫ V āflēgan NE kin: fly?; flee?
flightcraft fligtcraft ᛫ an airplane ᛫ an aeroplane ᛫ N flight+craft NE×2
flightfear fligtfear ᛫ aerophobia ᛫ N flight+fear NE×2
flightfield fligtfield ᛫ an airfield ᛫ N flight+field NE×2 calque: fleanfjild
flightling fligtling ᛫ a refugee ᛫ N flight+ling NE+NE calque: vluchteling; Flüchtling
flighty fligty ᛫ fickle ᛫ capricious ᛫ volatile ᛫ skittish ᛫ temperamental ᛫ mercurial ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
flintstone ᛫ any hard stone such as flint , quartz , granite , basalt ᛫ N ~ NE
flitch flic ᛫ a slab of meat ( esp bacon ) ᛫ a slab of timber ᛫ N ~[flicche][flicce] NE
flite ᛫ a quarrel ᛫ a dispute ᛫ an argument ᛬ to quarrel ᛫ to dispute ᛫ to argue ᛫ to contend ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
flitecraft ᛫ the art of dialectics ᛫ the art of arguing ᛫ N flītcræft OE
flitecraftly ᛫ dialectical ᛫ disputational ᛫ AJ flītcræftlīc OE
fliteful ᛫ contentious ᛫ AJ flītful OE
flitem ᛫ a lancet ᛫ a scalpel ᛫ N flītme OE glossary word
fliteyern ᛫ a litigator ᛫ N flītgeorn OE glossary word
fliting ᛫ a contention ᛫ a debate ᛫ a quarrel ᛫ N flite+ing NE×2
float ᛫ a raft ᛫ N ~ NE raft is Norse
flone ᛫ an arrow ᛫ a bolt ( for a crossbow ) ᛫ a dart ᛫ a bullet [ᚹ] ᛫ a projectile [ᚹ] ᛫ N flōn[flān] ME
floodbank ᛫ a levee ᛫ N ~ NE‹(NE+NE‹‹N) [OED] ᛫ de-Norsed: floodstath
flot ᛫ water which can be sailed on ᛫ N flot OE
flow floƿ ᛫ a flux ᛫ N ~ NE
flowsome floƿsum ᛫ fluid ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
flowy floƿy ᛫ fluid ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fluke flook ᛫ a Pleuronectiformes fish ᛫ N ~[flōc] NE
flukeworm flookƿurm ᛫ a parasitic worm ᛫ N ~ NE
flyer ᛫ something that flies ᛫ a pilot ( of an aircraft ) ᛫ an airman ᛫ an aviator ᛫ an aviatrix ᛫ a leaflet ᛫ a pamphlet ᛫ a brochure ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
fob ᛫ a little pocket for holding a watch ᛫ a pocket watch chain ᛫ N ~ NE‹HG
fodder ᛫ food for livestock ᛫ inferior or readily available material used to supply a heavy demand ᛫ N ~ NE
foe ᛫ an enemy ᛫ N ~ NE
foeman ᛫ an adversary ᛫ N ~[fōman] NE
foeship foescip ᛫ enmity ᛫ the opposite of friendship ᛫ N ~ NE
foken ᛫ deceit ᛫ fraud ᛫ deceitfulness ᛫ guile ᛬ deceitful ᛫ false ᛫ fake ᛫ N᛬AJ fōken&fācen ME&OE kin: fake?
fokenful ᛫ deceitful ᛫ fraudulent ᛫ AJ fācenful OE
fokentoken ᛫ a false signal ᛫ a false sign ᛫ a false token ᛫ a misdirection ᛫ N fācentācen OE
fold ᛫ earth ᛫ the Earth ᛫ the world ᛫ the people of the world ᛫ dry land ᛫ N folde[folde] ME
fold ᛫ a political party ᛫ a religious group ᛫ an ideological group ᛫ a fellowship ᛫ N ~ NE
fold ᛫ a pen or an enclosure in a field for livestock ᛫ a religious community ᛫ a community ᛫ N ~[fōld][fald/falod] NE
foldway foldƿay ᛫ the Earth ᛫ N foldweg OE
folk ᛫ a people ᛫ people ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
folk ᛫ demo- ᛫ PREFIX folc OE
folkbale ᛫ torment from the public ᛫ public backlash ᛫ N folcbealo OE
folkcouth folkcooþ ᛫ well-known ᛫ widely celebrated ᛫ popular ᛫ AJ folccūþ OE
folkdom ᛫ a democracy ᛫ N ~ NE invented by William Barnes
folkish folkisc ᛫ characteristic of ordinary people or traditional culture ᛫ AJ ~ NE
folkland ᛫ public property ᛫ N ~ NE
folklore ᛫ traditional customs tales sayings dances or art forms preserved among a people ᛫ N ~ NE
folkmear ᛫ popular ᛫ folk-known ᛫ AJ folcmǣre OE
folkmoot ᛫ an assembly of the people ᛫ N ~ NE
folkmorth folkmorþ ᛫ a genocide ᛫ N folk+morth NE+ME calque: Völkermord
folkname ᛫ a demonym ᛫ N folk+name NE
folkrich folkric ᛫ a democracy ᛫ N folk+rīche NE+ME
folkright folkrigt ᛫ common law ᛫ N folcriht OE
folkshather folkscaþer ᛫ people's tyrant ᛫ a villain ᛫ N folcsceaþa OE or: folkscather (Norse influenced)
folkstow folkstoƿ ᛫ a country place ᛫ a rustic place ᛫ N folcstōw OE
folktale ᛫ a characteristically anonymous tale circulated orally among a people ᛫ N ~ NE
folktelling ᛫ a census ᛫ N folk+tell+ing NE×3 calque: volkstelling
folktilth folktilþ ᛫ pop-culture ᛫ N folk+tilth NE×3
folktow folktoƿ ᛫ a popular lead ᛫ a chief ᛫ a chieftain ᛫ N folctoga OE
Folkwandering Folkƿandering ᛫ the migrations of the Migration Period ᛫ N(P) ~ NE calque: Völkerwanderung
folkway folkƿay ᛫ a custom or belief common to members of a society or culture ᛫ N ~ NE
folkways folkƿays ᛫ the customs of a community ( a culture ) ᛫ N ~ NE
follow after folloƿ after ᛫ to succeed ᛫ V ~ NE
follower folloƿer ᛫ a successor ᛫ an adherent ᛫ a pupil ᛫ a partisan ᛫ N ~ NE
following folloƿing ᛫ ensuing ᛫ AJ ~ NE
followth folloƿþ ᛫ that which follows ᛫ a retinue ᛫ service of a follower ᛫ N folgoþ OE
folm ᛫ a palm of a hand ᛫ a sole of a foot ( rare usage ? ) ᛫ N folm&folm ME&OE
fon ᛫ a fool ᛫ a buffoon ᛬ to be foolish ᛫ to fool ᛫ to dupe ᛫ V fǒnne&fǒnnen ME‹?&ME‹? kin: fond
fond ᛫ affectionate towards something ᛫ foolishly affectionate towards something ᛫ foolish ᛫ insipid ᛫ AJ fǒnned NE‹ME‹? originally past participle of fǒnnen
fondest ᛫ a favourite ᛫ a beloved one ᛬ favourite ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
fondle fondel ᛫ to caress ᛫ V ~[fond] NE‹ME‹? kin: fond
fondness ᛫ affection ᛫ dearness ᛫ endearment ᛫ N ~ NE
footadle footadel ᛫ gout ᛫ N fōtādl OE
footbone ᛫ a metatarsal ᛫ N ~ NE
footgoer ᛫ a pedestrian ᛫ N ~ NE
footleech footleec ᛫ a podiatrist ᛫ N foot+leech NE×2
footly ᛫ pedestrian ᛫ AJ fōtlic OE
footman ᛫ a foot soldier ᛫ N ~ NE
footmeal ᛫ step by step ᛫ AV ~ NE
footmen ᛫ infantry ᛫ N ~ NE
footspoor ᛫ a footprint ᛫ N fōtspor OE kin: Fußspur; voetspoor
footwelm footƿelm ᛫ the sole of the foot ᛫ N fōtwelm OE
for ᛫ because of ᛫ for the sake of ᛫ because ᛫ P ~ NE
for eld ᛫ for ages ᛫ AV for ēlde ME
for that þat ᛫ because ᛫ AV&C for that ME or: forthat ᛫ to say "because of" say "along of" or "owing to"
forane ᛫ beforehand ( denoting anticipation or prevention ) ᛫ AV forane OE was used with gēan, ongēan, and tōgēanes to mean "against"
forbear ᛫ to avoid ᛫ to abstain ᛫ to refrain when provoked ᛫ to decline ᛫ V ~ NE
forbearing ᛫ forbearance ᛫ N forbear+ing NE×2
forbid ᛫ to prohibit ᛫ V ~ NE PST: forbade ᛫ PTCP: forbidden
forbidden ᛫ prohibited ᛫ verboten ᛫ AJ ~ NE
forbird ᛫ forbearance ᛫ abstention ᛫ N forbyrd OE pretty much the noun equivalent of "forbear"
forbode ᛫ a prohibition ᛫ N forbōd[forbod] ME
forbond ᛫ a federation ᛫ N for+bond NE×2 calque: verbond
forbow forbue ᛫ to avoid ᛫ to evade ᛫ to refrain from ᛫ V forbǒuen[forbūgan] ME
forbraid ᛫ to transform something for the worse ᛫ to corrupt ᛫ to pervert ᛫ to make monstrous ᛫ V forbreiden[forbregdan] ME
forbuy forbye ᛫ to bribe ᛫ to ransom a prisoner ᛫ to redeem ᛫ V forbīen ME
forby ᛫ in addition ᛬ past ᛫ near ᛫ besides ᛫ AV᛬P ~ NE or: forbye
forcouth forcooþ ᛫ despised ᛫ infamous ᛫ AJ forcūþ ME
ford ᛫ a shallow spot in a river or stream ᛬ to wade across a ford ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
fordeal ᛫ to distribute ᛫ V fordǣlan OE
fordeem ᛫ to condemn ᛫ to convict ᛫ V fordēmen ME
fordit ᛫ to close up ᛫ to stop ᛫ V forditten ME
fordo ᛫ to abolish ᛫ to annul ᛫ to cancel ᛫ V ~ NE PST: fordid ᛫ PTCP: fordone
fordraw fordraƿ ᛫ to torture by stretching ᛫ to take away by force ᛫ V fordrauen ME
fordrench fordrenc ᛫ to intoxicate ᛫ N fordrenchen ME
fordrive fordrife ᛫ to drive away ᛫ to physically expel ᛫ V fordriven ME
fordwine fordƿine ᛫ to fade away ᛫ to waste away ᛫ to decay ᛫ to dwindle ᛫ V ~ NE
fore ᛫ the front ᛬ in front ᛫ N᛬P ~ NE
fore ᛫ pre- ᛫ ante- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE see ere (prefix)
forebear ᛫ an ancestor ᛫ N ~ NE
forebisen ᛫ an example ( good or bad ) ᛫ a model ᛫ an exemplar ᛫ a template ᛫ an archetype ᛫ an allegory ᛫ an analogy [ᚹ] ᛬ to example ᛫ N᛬V forebisen&forbisenen ME&ME
forebode ᛫ to predict ᛫ to foretell ᛫ to portend ᛫ V ~ NE
foreboder ᛫ an oracle ᛫ a prophet ᛫ N ~ NE
foreboding ᛫ an evil omen ᛬ ominous ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
forebody ᛫ the thorax ᛫ N ~ NE
forebook ᛫ a prelude to a book or series of books ᛫ a preface ᛫ N ~ NE
forebrain ᛫ the prosencephalon ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
forebusy ᛫ to preoccupy ᛫ V ~ NE
forecast ᛫ a prediction ᛬ to predict ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹(E+N)
forecaster ᛫ a predictor ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N+E)
forecoming ᛫ an advent ᛬ preceding ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
forecool ᛫ to precool ᛫ V fore+cool NE×2 by analogy of: preheat
fored ᛫ broken ᛫ AJ forod OE rhyme: horrid ᛫ what verb does this word come from?
foredeal ᛫ advantage ᛫ N ~[fōredēl] NE
foredeem ᛫ to expect ᛫ to assume ᛫ V ~ NE
foredoom ᛫ prejudice ᛬ to judge beforehand ᛫ N᛬V fore+doom NE×2
foredoor ᛫ a front door ᛫ N ~ NE
forefang ᛫ to anticipate ᛫ to take beforehand ᛫ V fōrefōn OE
forefather forefaþer ᛫ an ancestor ᛫ a precursor ᛫ N ~ NE
forefeeling ᛫ presentiment ᛫ N ~ NE
forefighter forefigter ᛫ a vanguard ᛫ N forefightere ME
forefinger ᛫ the index finger ᛫ the pointer finger ᛫ N ~ NE see "shotfinger"
foreflood ᛫ antediluvian ᛫ before the Biblical flood ᛫ AJ fore+flood NE×2 calque
foreganger ᛫ a predecessor ᛫ a herald ᛫ N foreganger ME
foregate ᛫ a main entrance ᛫ a front gate ᛫ N ~ NE
forego ᛫ to precede ᛫ V ~ NE often found in the saying "foregone conclusion"
foregoer ᛫ a predecessor ᛫ N ~ NE
foregoing ᛫ preceding ᛫ AJ ~ NE
foregone ᛫ past ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
foreguess foregess ᛫ conjecture ᛫ an assumption ᛬ to assume ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
foregut ᛫ the anterior part of the alimentary canal of an embryo from the mouth to the duodenum ᛫ N ~ NE
forehand ᛫ the chief part ᛫ an advantage ᛫ N ~ NE
forehanded ᛫ prudent ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
foreheadbone ᛫ a frontal bone ᛫ N ~ NE
forehouse forehuse ᛫ a foyer ᛫ N ~ NE
forekidney ᛫ the pronephros ᛫ N ~ NE
foreknow foreknoƿ ᛫ to know beforehand ( esp through supernatural means ) ᛫ V ~ NE
foreknowledge foreknoƿlecg ᛫ prescience ᛫ foresight ᛫ precognition ᛫ N ~ NE
foreland ᛫ a cape ᛫ a promontory ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
forelock ᛫ a lock of hair growing just above the forehead ᛫ N ~ NE
forelook ᛫ a preview ᛬ to preview ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
foremake ᛫ to prefabricate ᛫ V ~ NE
foreman ᛫ a taskmaster ᛫ a supervisor of work ᛫ a honcho ᛫ a boss ᛫ N ~ NE
foremost ᛫ paramount ᛫ AJ ~ NE
foremother foremoþer ᛫ a female ancestor ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
forename ᛫ a pronoun ᛫ N fōrenama OE
forenamed ᛫ previously named ᛫ aforementioned ᛫ AJ ~ NE
foreneed ᛫ prerequisite ᛫ N fore+need NE×2
forenight forenigt ᛫ the early part of the evening ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
foreowned foreoƿned ᛫ pre-owned ᛫ AJ ~ NE
foreridle foreridel ᛫ one who rides ahead ᛫ a precursor ᛫ a harbinger ᛫ N forridel ME
forerun ᛫ to run before ᛫ to come before as a token of something to follow ᛫ V ~ NE
forerunner ᛫ a predecessor ᛫ a precursor ᛫ N ~ NE
foresee ᛫ to predict ᛫ to anticipate ᛫ V ~ NE
foreseen that þat ᛫ provided that ᛫ C fōrsẹ̄n that ME
foreset ᛫ to prepose ᛫ V foresetten ME
foresetting ᛫ a proposal ᛫ a proposition ᛫ a preposition ( grammatical term ) ᛫ N fōresetnes OE
foreshadow forescadoƿ ᛫ to presage ᛫ V ~ NE
foreship forescip ᛫ the forward part of a ship ᛫ the prow ᛫ N forship ME
foreshow forescoƿ ᛫ to show before ᛫ to give warning or promise of ᛫ V ~ NE
foresight foresigt ᛫ the ability to predict what will happen or be needed in the future ᛫ an act of looking forwards ᛫ N ~ NE
foresitter ᛫ a president ᛫ N fore+sit+er NE×3 calque: Vorsitzende; Forseti
foresmack ᛫ a foretaste ᛫ a sample ᛫ N ~ NE
forespeak ᛫ to foretell ᛫ to predict ᛫ V ~ NE
forespeech forespeec ᛫ a preface ᛫ a preamble ᛫ N ~ NE
forestall ᛫ to obstruct ᛫ to prevent ᛫ V ~ NE
forestear ᛫ prehistory ᛫ N fore+stǣr NE+OE‹I‹H
forestighting forestigting ᛫ predestination ᛫ N forestihtung OE
foreswayed foresƿayed ᛫ swayed beforehand ᛫ biased ᛫ AJ fore+sway+ed NE×3
foretale ᛫ a prologue ᛫ a prediction ᛫ N ~ NE
foretell ᛫ to predict ᛫ V ~ NE
forethink foreþink ᛫ to premeditate ᛫ V ~ NE
forethought foreþougt ᛫ a thinking out beforehand ᛫ anticipation ᛫ premeditation ᛬ premeditated ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE var: aforethought
foretoken ᛫ a presage ᛫ an omen ᛫ a prognostic ᛫ N ~ NE
foretooth foretooþ ᛫ an incisor ᛫ a front tooth ᛫ N ~ NE
foreward foreƿard ᛫ a scout ᛫ an explorer ᛫ N foreweard OE
forewarm foreƿarm ᛫ to preheat ᛫ V ~ NE
forewit foreƿit ᛫ precaution ᛫ prudence ᛫ N ~ NE
foreword foreƿord ᛫ a preface ᛫ an introduction ( in a document ) ᛫ N ~ NE
forework foreƿork ᛫ a fortifying structure erected for defense ᛫ N ~ NE
forfare ᛫ to perish ᛫ to go to ruin ᛫ to go astray ᛫ to stray ᛫ V forfāren ME
forgather forgaþer ᛫ to assemble ᛫ to gather together [ᚾ] ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
forgivendly forgivendly ᛫ dative ( grammar) ᛫ AJ forgifendlīc OE de-Norsed: foryeavendly/forgeefendly
forgiveness forgifness ᛫ remission ᛫ N ~ NE de-Norsed: foryeaveness/forgeefeness
forgo ᛫ to go or do without ᛫ to refrain from ᛫ V ~ NE
forhadness ᛫ abstinence ( esp food or drink ) ᛫ N forhæfednes OE [MEC] ᛫ kin: forhabben
forhave forhaf ᛫ to restrain someone from something ᛫ to abstain ᛫ V forhabban OE [MEC] ᛫ kin: forhæfedness
forhew forheƿ ᛫ to slash into pieces ᛫ to kill by cutting ᛫ V forheuen ME
forhow forhoƿ ᛫ to despise ᛫ to reject ᛫ to treat with contempt ᛫ to disregard ᛫ V forhouen[forhogian/forhycgan] ME
forked cap ᛫ a mitre / a miter ᛫ N forked cappe ANE‹(NE+NE‹‹I) [OED]
forleese ᛫ to abandon ᛫ to forfeit ᛫ to lose something ᛫ to desert ᛫ to damn ᛫ V forlēsen ME PST: forlore ᛫ PTCP: forlorn
forlet ᛫ to desert ᛫ to forsake ᛫ to neglect ᛫ to abandon ᛫ to reject ᛫ to leave ᛫ to depart ᛫ V ~ NE PST: forlet
forlie ᛫ to rape ᛫ to fornicate ᛫ V forlien ME
forlier ᛫ adultery ᛫ fornication ᛫ an adulterer ᛫ an adulteress ᛫ a fornicator ᛬ adulterous ᛫ N᛬AJ forliger OE
forlorn ᛫ abandoned ᛫ deserted ᛫ AJ ~ NE from the verb "forleese"
form ᛫ original ᛫ primal ᛫ AJ forme ME
formfather formfaþer ᛫ the first father of something ᛫ a progenitor ᛫ N formefader ME
formly ᛫ originally ᛫ primally ᛫ AV forme+ly ME+NE
formmother formmoþer ᛫ the first mother of something ᛫ a progenitrix ᛫ N formemoder ME
forn ᛫ previous ᛫ former ᛬ formerly ᛫ previously ᛬ before ( in space or in time ) ᛫ AJ᛬AV᛬P forne[forn] ME
fornigh fornige ᛫ very nearly ᛫ almost ᛫ AV forneh[fornēah] ME
fornim ᛫ to remove ᛫ to deprive ᛫ to plunder ᛫ to ransack ᛫ to seize ᛫ V fornimen&forniman ME&OE
fornumb ᛫ deprived of vigour ᛫ sluggish ᛫ AJ fornome ME
forold ᛫ to become feeble or decrepit with age ᛫ to go or make out of date [ᚹ] ᛫ to become or make obsolete [ᚹ] ᛫ V forōlden ME
forolded ᛫ feeble or decrepit with age ᛫ obsolete [ᚹ] ᛫ outdated [ᚹ] ᛫ out of date [ᚹ] ᛫ AV forolded ME
forqueath forcƿeaþ ᛫ to deny ᛫ to repudiate ᛫ to reject ᛫ V forquēthen[forcweþan] ME
forread ᛫ to betray ᛫ to lead astray ᛫ V forreden ME
forsake ᛫ to abandon ᛫ to desert ᛫ V ~ NE PST: forsook ᛫ PTCP: forsaken
forsaken ᛫ abandoned ᛫ deserted ᛫ AJ ~ NE
forsay ᛫ to renounce ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
forsench forsenc ᛫ to submerge ᛫ V forsenchen ME
forshape forscape ᛫ to transform or to metamorphose something ( usually for the worse ) ᛫ to distort ᛫ to disfigure ᛫ to degrade ᛫ V forshāpen ME
forslack ᛫ to neglect ᛫ to be neglectful ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
forslow forsloƿ ᛫ to procrastinate ᛫ to put off ᛫ to delay ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
forsooth forsooþ ᛫ indeed ᛫ AV ~ NE
forspeak ᛫ to bewitch ᛫ to cast a bad spell over ᛫ to renounce ᛫ V ~ NE
forspend ᛫ to exhaust ᛫ V ~ NE PST&PTCP: forspent
forspent ᛫ exhausted ᛫ fatigued ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
forspill ᛫ to destroy ᛫ to waste ᛫ to demolish ᛫ V forspillen&forspillan ME&OE
forstand ᛫ to stand up for ᛫ to defend ᛫ to protect ᛫ V forstandan&fōrstandan OE&OE
forstop ᛫ to stop completely ᛫ to smother ᛫ to block ᛫ V forstoppen ME
forswear forsƿear ᛫ to reject upon oath ᛫ to renounce ᛫ to abjure ᛫ V ~[forswēren] NE
forswink forsƿink ᛫ to exhaust by labour ᛫ V ~ NE
forswy forsƿy ᛫ to keep silent ᛫ to be silent ᛫ V forswīgian OE
fortee ᛫ to draw away to evil ᛫ to seduce ᛫ V fortēn&fortēon ME&OE
forth forþ ᛫ to advance ᛫ to proceed ᛫ to carry out ᛫ to promote ᛫ to aid or to assist in a task ᛫ V fō̆rthen[forþian] ME
forthby forþby ᛫ past ᛫ AV fō̆rthbī ME
forthen forþen ᛫ on that account ᛫ for that reason ᛫ consequently ᛫ AV&C ~ NE
forthfare forþfare ᛫ to go forth ᛫ to die ᛫ to pass away ᛫ N᛬V forthfare&fōrthfāren ME
forthfill forþfill ᛫ to enforce ᛫ to fulfil ᛫ V forthfillen ME
forthgang forþgang ᛫ progress ᛫ a continuance ᛫ a procession ᛫ N forthgang&forthgang NE&ME
forthgo forþgo ᛫ to proceed ᛫ to continue ᛫ to progress ᛫ V forthgon[forþgān] ME
forthink forþink ᛫ to regret ᛫ to rethink ᛫ to change one's mind ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
forthnim forþnim ᛫ to take someone away ᛫ to remove ᛫ to take one's way ᛫ to leave ᛫ V forthnimen ME
forthput forþput ᛫ to propose ᛫ to put forth ᛫ V ~ NE
forthright forþrigt ᛫ unambiguous ᛫ unevasive ᛬ directly forward ᛫ immediately ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [MW]
forthship forþscip ᛫ progress ᛫ N forþscype OE
forthtee forþtee ᛫ to draw forth ᛫ to quote ᛫ to cite ᛫ V forthtēn ME
forthward forþƿard ᛫ an agreement ᛫ a contract ᛫ a treaty ᛫ a covenant ᛫ a pledge ᛫ N fōrthwārd ME
forthwith forþƿiþ ᛫ immediately ᛫ AV ~ NE
forthwitten forþƿitten ᛫ past ᛫ goneby ᛫ AJ forthwiten[forþgewiten] ME
forthwitten tide forþƿitten ᛫ the past tense ᛬ of the past tense ᛫ N᛬AJ forþgewiten tīd OE
fortnight fortnigt ᛫ two weeks ᛫ N ~ NE
fortnightly fortnigtly ᛫ biweekly ᛬ every two weeks ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
fortread ᛫ to trample ᛫ V fortreden[fortredan] ME PST: fortrod ᛫ PTCP: fortrodden
fortylegs ᛫ a centipede ᛫ N forty-legs NE‹(E+N) or: fortyshanks
forwander forƿander ᛫ to exhaust oneself by wandering ᛫ V forwandren ME
forwarry forƿarry ᛫ to hex ᛫ to curse something ᛫ V forwarien ME
forwhy forhƿy ᛫ for the reason that ᛫ the reason why ᛫ AV forwhy ME
forwird forƿird ᛫ destruction ᛫ perdition ᛫ N forwī̆rd ME
forwonder forƿunder ᛫ to astonish ᛫ V ~ NE
forworth forƿorþ ᛫ to perish ᛫ to spoil ᛫ to degenerate ᛫ V forwōrthen[forweorþan] ME
forwright forƿrigt ᛫ an agent ᛫ a vicegerent ᛫ N forwyrhta OE
foryet ᛫ to forget ᛫ V foryeten ME PST: foryat ᛫ PTCP: foryetten ᛫ de-Norsed form of "forget"
foryield foryeeld ᛫ to repay ᛫ to yield what is owed ᛫ to recompense ᛫ V forgieldan OE
foryielding foryeelding ᛫ retribution ᛫ punishment ᛫ N foryēlding ME
foster ᛫ to cultivate ᛫ to rear another's child ᛫ V ~ NE
fosterling ᛫ a foster child ᛫ N ~ NE
fother foþer ᛫ a load ( esp a wagon-load or a cart-load ) ᛫ a heavy weight ᛫ a heavy burden ᛫ a large amount ᛫ N fọ̄ther[fōþer] ME
fought fugt ᛫ moist ᛫ damp ᛫ AJ fūht OE rhyme: drought ᛫ kin: feucht (HG)
foughtenfield fougtenfeeld ᛫ a battleground ᛫ a battlefield ᛫ N ~ NE
foul fule ᛫ unclean ᛫ disgusting ᛫ obscene ᛫ vulgar ᛫ detestable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
foumart ᛫ the European polecat ᛫ N ~ NE likely from "foul"+"marth"
foundling fundling ᛫ an infant found after its unknown parents have abandoned it ᛫ N foundling NE [MW]
fouredged fourecged ᛫ square ᛫ AJ fēowerecgede OE or: fouredge (from fēowerecge)
fourfold ᛫ quadruple ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fourfooted ᛫ quadrupedal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fourling ᛫ a quadruplet ᛫ N four+ling NE+NE
foursheat foursceat ᛫ quadrangular ᛫ AJ fēowerscȳte OE
foursome foursum ᛫ a quartet ᛫ a tetrad ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
fourth fourþ ᛫ a quarter ᛫ N ~ NE
fourth fourþ ᛫ a quart ( music ) ᛫ a tetrachord ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
fourwheeler fourhƿeeler ᛫ an ATV ᛫ a quad ᛫ an all-terrain vehicle ᛫ N ~ NE
fouse fuse ᛫ ready ᛫ prepared ᛫ willing ᛫ inclined ᛫ disposed ᛫ AJ ~[fūs] NE
fousely fusely ᛫ readily ᛫ promptly ᛫ gladly ᛫ AV fūslīce OE
fowl fule ᛫ a bird ᛫ N ~ NE
fowler fuler ᛫ a person who hunts fowl ᛫ N ~ NE
foxly ᛫ vulpine ᛫ cunning ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fox's sleep ᛫ feigned sleep ᛫ N fox's sleep NE
frain ᛫ to inquire about ᛫ to interrogate ᛫ V ~ NE kin: fricgan
fraining ᛫ inquiry ᛫ interrogation ᛫ an asking ᛫ a question ᛫ N fraining ME gerund of: frain
frainmark ᛫ a question mark ( ? ) ᛫ N frain+mark NE×2
fraked ᛫ bad ᛫ vile ᛫ shameful ᛫ AJ fraked[fracod] ME
frame ᛫ a context ᛫ an outlining ᛬ to fit into place ᛫ to put into context ᛫ V ~[framian] NE
framework frameƿork ᛫ the support structure of something ᛫ N ~ NE
Frank ᛫ a Frenchman ᛫ a Frank ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
frank ᛫ a javelin of some sort ᛫ N franca OE
Frankdom ᛫ the Francosphere ᛫ the domain of Frenchness ᛫ N Frank+dom NE×2
Frankland ᛫ France ᛫ N(P) francland OE
fratow fratoƿ ᛫ treasure ᛬ to adorn with treasure ᛫ to adorn ᛫ to decorate ᛫ N᛬V frætwe&frættewian OE
fraught fraugt ᛫ abounding abundant or replete with a bad thing ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹NL [MW]
frea ᛫ a lord ᛫ a master ᛫ N frēa OE
freak ᛫ a capricious action or event ᛫ a distastefully abnormal thing ᛫ N ~[frec]? NE
frech frec ᛫ greedy ᛫ voracious ᛫ eager ᛫ bold ᛫ fierce ᛫ AJ frecche[frec] ME kin: freak?
freck ᛫ to checker ᛫ to diversify ᛫ V ~ NE whence comes "freckle"
free ᛫ a woman ? a lady ( a female lord ) ? ᛫ N frēo OE or: frow? ᛫ kin: frēa (lord)? Frau (German)? Friday?
freebooter ᛫ a pirate ᛫ a lawless adventurer ᛫ N ~ NE
freed ᛫ to experience ( by touch or taste ) ᛫ to experience ( a sensation ) ᛫ to learn through experience ᛫ V frēden ME PST: fred ᛫ PTCP: fred
freedom ᛫ liberty ᛫ N ~ NE
freek ᛫ a man who is brave , strong , or martial ᛫ N ~[frēke][freca] EME or: freak; freik (Scots)
freekness ᛫ danger ᛫ N frẹ̄cnes ME
freeledge freelecg ᛫ franchise ( the ability to vote ) ᛫ N ~ NE
freeload ᛫ to mooch ᛫ to sponge off another ᛫ V ~ NE
freelock ᛫ oblation ᛫ N frēolāc OE
freem ᛫ benefit ᛬ to aid something ᛫ to advance something ᛫ to avail something ᛫ N᛬V frēme&frēmen[fremian] ME
freerunning ᛫ parkour ᛫ N ~ NE
freestand ᛫ to be independent ᛫ V ~ NE
freestanding ᛫ independent ᛫ not supported by or on anything ᛫ AJ ~ NE
freethinker freeþinker ᛫ one who forms opinions on the basis of reason independently of authority ᛫ N ~ NE
freit ᛫ divination ᛫ augury ᛫ N freit ME‹N?
frelse frels ᛫ a celebration of a holiday ᛫ freedom ᛫ immunity ᛫ privilege ᛬ to observe or celebrate a holiday ᛫ to save one from something ᛫ N᛬V frēols&frelsen[frēolsian] ME from Proto-Germanic combination of "free" and "halse"
frem ᛫ to further ᛫ to perform ᛫ to execute ᛫ to operate ᛫ V fremmen&fremman ME&OE
fremmed ᛫ to alienate ᛫ to estrange ᛬ foreign ᛫ alien V᛬AJ fremed&afremdan ME&OE or: fremd
fremmedfear ᛫ xenophobia ᛫ N fremed+fear ME+NE
fremmedledge fremmedlecg ᛫ to alienate ᛫ V fremedlǣcan OE
fremmedling ᛫ a stranger ᛫ a foreigner ᛫ N ~ NE
fremming ᛫ a furtherance ᛫ a performance ᛫ an execution ( of an action ) ᛫ an operation ᛫ N gefremming OE
fremmingbough fremmingbuge ᛫ an executive branch ᛫ N gefremming+bough OE+NE
Frenchpox Frencpox ᛫ syphilis ᛫ N French-pox NE [OED]
freshwater frescƿater ᛫ of neoclassical economics ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fret ᛫ to devour ᛫ to consume ᛫ to eat up ᛫ to corrode ᛫ to mortify ᛫ V fret&frēten NE&ME PST: fretted ᛫ PTCP: fretten
frettle frettel ᛫ voracious ᛫ gluttonous ᛫ AJ fretol OE
Friday ᛫ Friday ᛫ N(P) ~[fryday] NE
frie ᛫ to question ᛫ V fricgan OE
friendfoe freendfoe ᛫ a frenemy ᛫ N ~ NE
friendly freendly ᛫ amicable ᛫ N ~ NE
fright frigt ᛫ a scare ᛫ terror ᛫ N ~ NE
frighten frigten ᛫ to scare ᛫ to terrify ᛫ V ~ NE
frightening frigtening ᛫ scary ᛫ terrifying ᛫ AJ ~ NE
frightful frigtful ᛫ dreadful ᛫ unpleasant ᛫ ghastly ᛫ nasty ᛫ shocking ᛫ AJ ~ NE
frike ᛫ to dance about ᛫ to move briskly ᛫ V friken[frician] ME
Frily ᛫ Venusian ᛫ Venutian ᛫ AJ fry+ly ME+NE
frim ᛫ excellent ᛫ vigorous ᛫ flourishing ᛫ N᛬AJ frim&freme NE&OE
frimful ᛫ beneficial ᛫ AJ fremful ME
Frinight Frinigt ᛫ the night following Friday's dusk ᛫ N(P) ~[frīgeniht] NE
Fris ᛫ a Frisian ᛫ N(P) frysa OE
Frish Frisc ᛫ the Frisian language ᛬ Frisian ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) frysisc OE
Frisland ᛫ Frisia ᛫ N(P) frī̆slō̆nd ME
frist ᛫ a limited period ᛫ time allotted for repayment ᛫ a grace period ᛫ credit ᛫ N frist&frist/frest NE&ME
fristing ᛫ a delay ᛫ a suspension ᛫ a postponement ᛫ N ~ NE kin: first
fristmark ᛫ an interval ᛫ N firstmearc OE
frith friþ ᛫ peace ( esp a broad societal kind ) ᛫ N frith[friþ] ME
frithe friþe ᛫ stately ᛫ beautiful ᛫ AJ frīþ OE kin: frīðr (N)
frithend friþend ᛫ a peacebearer ᛫ N friþiend OE
frithful friþful ᛫ peaceful ᛫ gentle ᛫ mild ᛫ AJ friþlīc OE
frithguild friþgild ᛫ a guild for maintaining peace ᛫ N friþgild OE
frithhouse friþhuse ᛫ a safehouse ᛫ N friþhus OE
frithless friþless ᛫ peaceless ᛫ AJ friþelēas OE
frithoath friþoaþ ᛫ a peace oath ᛫ a truce ᛫ N friþāþ OE
frithsome friþsum ᛫ peaceful ᛫ pacific ᛫ AJ friþsum OE
frithstow friþstoƿ ᛫ a refuge ᛫ an asylum ᛫ N friþstōw OE
frithwrit friþƿrit ᛫ a peace treaty ᛫ N friþgewrit OE
frithyearn friþgearn ᛫ eager for peace ᛫ AJ friþgeorn OE
from frum ᛫ a source [ᚹ] ᛫ an origin ᛫ the first part of a series ᛫ an originator ᛫ an author ᛫ a founder ᛫ an inventor ᛫ N frume/frome[fruma] ME
from ᛫ firm ᛫ potent ᛫ AJ from OE rhyme: bomb
from time to time ᛫ occasionally ᛫ AV ~ NE
fromchar fromcar ᛫ to turn from ᛫ to avert ᛫ V fromcyrran OE
fromshaft frumscaft ᛫ origin ᛫ N frumsceaft OE
fromward fromƿard ᛫ away ᛬ from ᛫ AV᛬P ~ NE [MW]
fromwharve fromhƿarf ᛫ to depart from ᛫ to turn from ᛫ V fromhweorfan OE
frood ᛫ cautious ᛫ shrewd ᛫ wise ᛫ AJ frōd OE
froover froofer ᛫ comfort ᛫ consolation ᛫ solace ᛬ to solace ᛫ to console ᛫ to comfort ᛫ N᛬V frọ̄vre&frọ̄vren[frōfrian] ME&ME
frore ᛫ extremely cold ᛫ AJ ~ NE
frosh frosc ᛫ a frog ᛫ N frosh ME or: frox (from an OE variant)
froshdeer froscdeer ᛫ an amphibian ᛫ N frosh+deer NE×2 or: froxdeer ᛫ calque: froskdýr
frostbearer ᛫ a cryophorus ᛫ N frost-bearer NE [OED]
frostmoor ᛫ tundra ᛫ N frost+moor NE×2 calque of faroese frostmýra and icelandic freðmýri
frough froug ᛫ brittle ᛫ tender ᛫ frail ᛫ AJ frough/frow ME rhyme: glow
froward froƿard ᛫ unmanageable ᛫ disobedient ᛫ untoward ᛫ habitually disposed to disobedience and opposition ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
frumth frumþ ᛫ a beginning ᛫ an origin ᛫ the beginning of the world ᛫ N frumth&frymþ/frumþ ME&OE
Fry ᛫ an English goddess equivalent to Norse Frigg ᛫ the planet Venus [ᚹ] ᛫ N(P) Frie/Frye ME or: Frie
fuck ᛫ to copulate ᛫ to copulate with ᛫ to mate ᛫ V ~ NE
fulcome fulcum ᛫ to attain ᛫ to realize ( in all senses ) ᛫ to accomplish ᛫ V fulcomen ME
fuldo ᛫ to complete ᛫ to finish ᛫ V fuldọ̄n ME PST: fuldid ᛫ PTCP: fuldone ᛫ calque: perfectum
fulend ᛫ to accomplish ᛫ V fulenden ME
fulfill ᛫ to achieve something ᛫ to carry out a duty ᛫ to satisfy a condition ᛫ to accomplish ᛫ to consummate ᛫ to complete ᛫ V ~ NE
fulfledged fulflecged ᛫ fully qualified ᛫ having all credentials ᛫ entire ᛫ authentic ᛫ fully covered with feathers ᛫ AJ fullfledged NE
fulfrem ᛫ to perfect ᛫ V fulfremman OE
fulfremmed ᛫ perfect ᛫ perfect ( grammatical term ) ᛫ AJ fulfremed OE
fulfremmedness ᛫ perfection ᛫ N fulfremednys OE
full ᛫ a cup ᛫ a drinking bowl ᛫ N ful/full[ful] ME
full ᛫ filled ᛫ entire ᛬ very ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~[ful] NE found in: know full well
full moon ᛫ the moon when the whole of its disk is illuminated ᛫ N ~ NE
fullblown fullbloƿn ᛫ completely developed or formed ᛫ ripe ᛫ puffed up ᛫ AJ fullblown NE
fullbore ᛫ full-blown ᛫ made with maximum effort ᛬ with maximum effort or speed ᛫ AJ᛬AV fullbore NE [MW]
fullow fulloƿ ᛫ to baptize ᛫ V fulwen[fullian] ME
fullstop ᛫ a period ( as in the punctuation mark ) ᛫ N full stop NE
fully ᛫ completely ᛫ entirely ᛫ totally ᛫ AV ~ NE
fulmard ᛫ a Mustela putorius animal ( European polecat ) ᛫ N fū̆lmard ME
fulought fulugt ᛫ baptism ᛫ N fulloght{fulluht} ME rhyme: full out
fuloughter fulugter ᛫ a baptist ᛫ N fulwihtere OE rhyme: full outer
fuloughthood fulugthood ᛫ a baptismal vow ᛫ N fulwihthād OE rhyme: full out hood
fuloughtstow fulugtstoƿ ᛫ a baptistery ᛫ N fulwihtstow OE rhyme: full out toe
fulsome fulsum ᛫ overzealous ᛫ excessive ᛫ abundant ᛫ copious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
fulth fulþ ᛫ abundance ᛫ plenty ᛫ satiety ᛫ repletion ᛫ sufficiency ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
fultom ᛫ support ᛫ succour ᛫ N fultum[fultum] ME
fulwaxen fulƿaxen ᛫ fully grown ᛫ mature ᛫ AJ fulwaxen ME
fulwrought fulƿrougt ᛫ completed ᛫ AJ fulwroht ME
funnyman ᛫ a comedian ᛫ a humorist ᛫ N ~ NE
furlong ᛫ an eighth of a mile ( 220 yards ) ᛫ N ~ NE
furrow furroƿ ᛫ a trench ᛫ a groove ᛫ N ~ NE
furrow furroƿ ᛫ a fir tree ᛫ a pine tree ᛫ N furh{furhwudu} OE "fir" is Norse
further furþer ᛫ to promote (as in to advance ) ᛫ V ~ NE
furthering furþering ᛫ furtherance ᛫ advancement or promotion in rank or office ᛫ N ferthering[fyrþrung] ME
furthermore furþermore ᛫ additionally ᛫ AV ~ NE
furze furs ᛫ a Ulex Europaeus plant ᛫ N ~[fyrs] NE
futhorc fuþorc ᛫ the Anglo-Frisian runic alphabet ᛫ N ~ NE
gab ᛫ chatter ᛬ to chatter ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
gable gabel ᛫ a facade ᛫ a façade ᛫ N gāble[gafl] ME‹N modern "gable" is from a French cognate?
gadling ᛫ a vagabond ᛫ a person of low birth ᛫ N ~[gadeling][gædeling] ANE meaning turned negative over time
Gaelish Gaelisc ᛫ Gaelic language ( Irish Scottish and Manx ) ᛫ Goidelic language ᛬ Gaelic ᛫ Goidelic ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Gael+ish NE‹C+NE
gainly ᛫ graceful ᛫ wieldy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
gainrising ᛫ a resurrection ᛫ N ~ ME
gainsaw gainsaƿ ᛫ a refutation ᛫ N gainsau ME
gainsay ᛫ to contradict ᛫ V ~ NE
gainsaying ᛫ opposition ( usually in argument ) ᛫ contradiction ᛫ N ~ NE
gainstand ᛫ to oppose ᛫ to resist ᛫ V ~ NE
galder ᛫ an incantation ᛫ an enchantment ᛫ N galdor OE hard G: galdere swiðe stronge heo ȝeuen
galdercraft ᛫ the art of incantation or enchantment ᛫ N galdorcræft OE
galdergaler ᛫ a magical enchanter ᛫ N galdorgalere OE
galderquid galdercƿid ᛫ a magical saying ᛫ an incantation ᛫ an enchantment ᛫ N galdorcwide OE
galdersong ᛫ a magic song ᛫ N galdorsang OE
gale ᛫ a way ᛫ a course ᛫ a course of action ᛫ a way ᛫ a means ᛫ N gāle[gal] ME
gale ᛫ to cry out ᛫ to bark ᛫ to chirp ᛫ to sing ᛫ to enchant ᛫ V gālen&galan ME&OE
galer ᛫ an enchanter ᛫ N galere OE
galingale ᛫ galangal ᛫ the roots of various Alpinia , Kæmpferia , Aristolochia , and Cyperus plants , including in powdered form ᛫ N galingāle ME‹I‹O
gall ᛫ bile ᛫ impudence ᛫ brazenness ᛫ temerity ᛬ to bother ᛫ to annoy ᛫ to make resentful ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
galled ᛫ bothered ᛫ annoyed ᛫ troubled ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Gallish Gallisc ᛫ Gaulish language ᛬ Gaulish ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) gallisc OE or: Gallwelsh
gallow galloƿ ᛫ to terrify ᛫ V ~ NE
gallowmood galloƿmood ᛫ of a grim or gloomy mood ᛫ AJ galgmōd OE
Gallwales Gallƿales ᛫ the Celts of Gaul ᛫ Gaul ᛫ Gallia ᛫ N(P) galwalas OE or: Galland
galp ᛫ to gape ᛫ V galpen ME
game ᛫ eager or willing to do something new or challenging ᛫ AJ ~ NE
gameful ᛫ sportive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
gamehouse gamehuse ᛫ a casino ᛫ N game-house NE [OED]
gamely ᛫ sportive ᛬ sportively ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
gamesare ᛫ a console ( gaming ) ᛫ an arcade machine ᛫ N game+searu NE+OE
gamewood gameƿood ᛫ a lyre ᛫ a lute ᛫ a guitar [ᚹ] ᛫ N gomenwudu OE
gamle gamel ᛫ to age ᛬ aged ᛫ V᛬AJ gamelian&gamel OE&OE
gammock ᛫ a piece of fun ᛫ a jest ᛫ a prank ᛫ a practical joke ᛫ a frolic ᛫ an antic ᛫ a trick ᛬ to frolic ᛫ to romp ᛫ to fool about ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [OED]
Gandes ᛫ the Ganges ᛫ N(P) gandis/gandes OE
gang ᛫ to go ᛫ to proceed ᛫ V ~ NE
gang ᛫ a going ᛫ a journey ᛫ a path ᛫ a road ᛫ a watercourse ᛫ a process [ᚹ] ᛫ N gang&gang NE&ME
Gangdays ᛫ Rogation days ᛫ N Gangdagas OE
gangle gangel ᛫ to move in a manner characteristic of a gangling person ᛫ V ~ NE
gangling ᛫ awkwardly tall and thin ᛫ ungraceful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
gangman ᛫ a member of a gang ᛫ N ~ NE
gangway gangƿay ᛫ a passageway ᛫ a vomitorium ᛫ N ~ NE
gannet ᛫ a Sulidae bird ᛫ N ~[genot] NE
garclive garclife ᛫ an Agrimonia plant ( agrimony ) ᛫ N gārclive ME
garish garisc ᛫ gaudy ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹N
garsedge garsecg ᛫ an ocean ( poetic ) ᛫ N garsecg OE might mean "spear man" or "gar's edge" (promontory's edge)
Gascon Gaskon ᛫ a native of Gascony ᛫ wine from Gascony ᛬ of Gascony ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) ~[gascoine][gascon] NE
gast ᛫ to scare ᛫ V ~[gǣstan] NE
gastern ᛫ an inn ᛫ N gæstærn OE
gateway gateƿay ᛫ a portal ᛫ N ~ NE or: yateway
gavel gafel ᛫ tribute ᛫ a rent ᛬ to rent ᛫ N᛬V gavel&gafelian NE&OE
gavel gafel ᛫ a fork ᛫ N gafol OE
geason ᛫ rare ᛫ uncommon ᛫ unusual ᛫ scarce ᛫ scant ᛫ AJ ~ NE or: geazon
geld ᛫ to castrate (esp of an animal) ᛫ to spay (esp of an animal) ᛫ to neuter ᛫ to sterilize ᛫ to weaken ᛫ to trim ᛫ V ~ NE‹N possibly from an unattested *gældan (OE gildet)
Germanish Germanisc ᛫ Germanic speech ᛬ Germanic ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Germania+ish OE+NE the G should either be /g/ or /j/
Germany Germany ᛫ Germania ᛫ N(P) Germania OE the G should either be /g/ or /j/
gersome gersum ᛫ a treasure ᛫ a valuable ᛫ treasure ᛫ valuables ᛫ N gersum[gærsama/gersuma] ME‹OE‹N
get rid of ᛫ to remove ᛫ to clear ᛫ V ~ NE
getter ᛫ a receiver ᛫ N ~ NE
ghastly gastly ᛫ frightening ᛫ extremely bad ᛫ unpleasant ᛫ AJ ghastly NE
ghost goast ᛫ a spirit ( in all senses ) ᛫ N ghost NE
ghostgun goastgun ᛫ a gun without a serial number ᛫ N ghost gun NE
ghostlore goastlore ᛫ ghostology ᛫ spectrology ᛫ N ~ NE [OED] ᛫ an actually attested '-lore' word
ghostly goastly ᛫ spiritual ᛫ spectral ᛫ AJ ghostly NE
ghostword goastƿord ᛫ a word born from an erroneous entry in a book ( esp dictionaries ) ᛫ N ~ NE
gidden ᛫ a goddess ᛫ N gyden OE or: godden (the mutated vowel would not necessarily survive normalization)
giddy ᛫ to excite and disorientate ᛬ disorientated and excited ᛫ V᛬AJ ~ NE kin: god
gigant ᛫ a giant ᛫ N gīgant OE‹I‹H
gild ᛫ to cover thinly with gold ( literally and figuratively ) ᛫ V ~ NE
gill ᛫ ravine ᛫ N ~[gil] NE‹ME‹N
ging ᛫ a troop ᛫ a band of warriors ᛫ a company of people ᛫ an assemblage of people ᛫ N ging ME
ginge gincg ᛫ current ᛫ prevalent ᛫ AJ genǧe[genge] ME
gird ᛫ to gird ( to bind around ) ᛫ N᛬V gird&gyrd NE&OE
girdle girdel ᛫ a thing which girds ᛫ a belt ( esp one that holds up stockings ) ᛬ to gird ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
girdledeer girdeldeer ᛫ an armadillo ᛫ N girdle+deer NE×2 calque: Gürteltier
girn ᛫ a grimace ᛫ N᛬V girn/gurn NE kin: grin
girn ᛫ calamity ᛫ N gyrn OE
git ᛫ a fool ᛫ an idiot ᛫ a moron ᛫ N ~ NE
givel gifel ᛫ a meal ᛫ food ᛫ N gifl OE
givelness gifelness ᛫ liberality ᛫ munificence ᛫ N gifolness OE
giveth gifeþ ᛫ ordained ( by fate ) ᛫ predetermined ᛫ AJ yēvethe[gifeþe] ME de-Norsed: yeaveth/geefeþ
gladden ᛫ to elate ᛫ V ~ NE
gladdon ᛫ an Iris plant ( flowers ) ᛫ N ~ NE
glade ᛫ an open space in a forest ᛫ N ~ NE kin: glad
glar ᛫ amber ᛫ resin ᛫ N glær OE
glare ᛫ an intense light ᛫ an angry stare ᛬ to shine intensely ᛫ to give an angry state at something ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
glaring ᛫ obvious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
glass ᛫ vitrum ᛫ a mirror ᛬ to mirror ᛫ to reflect ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
glass noodle noodel ᛫ a cellophane noodle ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+HG)
glasscloth glasscloþ ᛫ fiberglass ᛫ N glass-cloth NE [OED]
glassen ᛫ to turn to glass ᛫ to vitrify ᛫ V glass+-en NE+NE
glasses ᛫ spectacles ᛫ N ~ NE
glassrown glassrune ᛫ a rune whose shape is mirrored ( so ᛚ as a glassrown would look like ᛏ ) ᛫ N glass+rown NE×2 calque: Spiegelrune
glasstone ᛫ mica ᛫ N glass stone NE
glasswright glassƿrigt ᛫ a glassmaker ᛫ a glazier ᛫ a glazer ᛫ N glasswryt ANE
glaze glase ᛫ gloss ᛫ luster ᛫ lustre ᛫ N ~ NE
glazemill glasemill ᛫ calender ( a kind of machine which applies a glaze to a material ) ᛫ N glaze+mill NE‹(E+Þ‹I)
glee ᛫ joy ᛫ music ᛫ entertainment ᛫ sport ᛫ merriment ᛫ amusement ᛫ N glee&glẹ̄[glēo/glīw] NE&ME
gleebeam ᛫ a harp ᛫ N glēobēam OE
gleecraft ᛫ the art of music ᛫ minstrelsy ᛫ N glēocræft OE
gleed ᛫ glowing coal ᛫ an ember ᛫ N glede[glēd] ME
gleemaiden ᛫ a female musician ᛫ N glēomǣden OE
gleeman ᛫ a musician ᛫ N ~ NE
glemb ᛫ a spot ᛫ a blemish ᛫ N glemm OE
glen ᛫ a narrow valley ᛫ a canyon ? ᛫ N ~ NE‹C
glendge glencg ᛫ an ornament ᛫ an honour ᛫ a medal [ᚹ] ᛫ N glencg OE
glew gleƿ ᛫ to rejoice ᛫ to make merry ᛫ to party ᛫ to entertain ᛫ to entertain with music ᛫ to play music ᛫ to make music ᛫ to sing ᛫ V gleuen[glīwian/glēowian] ME kin: glee?
glew gleƿ ᛫ wise ᛫ skillful ᛫ sagacious ᛫ prudent ᛫ AJ glēaw OE
glewer gleƿer ᛫ a jester ᛫ a baffoon ᛫ a clown ᛫ N glīwere OE
glewly gleƿly ᛫ prudently ᛫ wisely ᛫ clearly ᛫ well ᛫ AV glēawlīce OE
glewness gleƿness ᛫ prudence ᛫ skill ᛫ wisdom ᛫ ability ᛫ acuteness ᛫ N glēawnes OE
glib ᛫ smooth ᛫ slippery ᛫ nonchalant ᛫ superficial ᛫ AJ ~ NE
glide ᛫ a semivowel ᛫ N ~ NE
glim ᛫ a candle ᛫ a lantern ᛫ N ~ NE backformation of "glimmer"? ᛫ [LEX]
glisten ᛫ a sparkling light ᛬ to shine with a sparkling light ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
gloaming ᛫ twilight ᛫ dusk ᛫ N ~ NE
Glom ᛫ one of the Lemovii people ᛫ N(P) Glommum OE
glove glof ᛫ a gauntlet ᛫ N glove&glove NE&ME
glum ᛫ sullen ᛫ AJ ~ NE first appears in Early Modern English
gnast ᛫ a spark ᛫ a live coal ᛫ a small flame ᛫ a snuff of a candle ᛫ N gnōst/gnast ME
gnaw gnaƿ ᛫ to chew away at something ᛫ to corrode something ᛫ V ~ NE
gnawdeer gnaƿdeer ᛫ a rodent ᛫ N gnaw+deer NE×2 calque: knaagdier
gneed ᛫ stingy ᛫ niggardly ᛫ scanty ᛫ scarce ᛫ AJ gnēde ME
gnide ᛫ to rub ᛫ to grind through rubbing ᛫ V gnīden ME
gnorn ᛫ sadness ᛫ sorrow ᛫ grief ᛬ to grieve ᛫ to lament ᛫ N᛬V gnorn&gnornan OE
gnorny ᛫ aggrieved ᛫ lamentful ᛫ dejected ᛫ AJ gnorn+y OE+NE
goad ᛫ a stick for poking ᛬ to provoke ᛫ to encourage ᛫ to prod ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
goad ᛫ a lack ᛫ N gād OE kin: 𐌲𐌰𐌹𐌳𐍅
goan ᛫ to gape ᛫ V gonen ME
Goat ᛫ Capricorn ᛫ PN ~ NE
goaten ᛫ goatish ᛫ hircine ᛫ AJ ~ NE
goatling ᛫ a kid (as in young goat) ᛫ N ~ NE kid is Norse
goatsbeard ᛫ a Tragopogon plant ( salsify ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
goatsucker ᛫ a Caprimulgidae bird ( a nightjar ) ᛫ N ~ NE
gobetween gobetƿeen ᛫ an intermediary ᛫ N gobetween NE
god ᛫ a deity ᛬ to deify ᛫ N:V ~ NE [OED]
godboot ᛫ atonement ᛫ N godbōt OE
godforsaken ᛫ dismal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
godhead ᛫ a god ᛫ a divine nature ᛫ N ~ NE
godhood ᛫ divinity ᛫ N ~ NE
godkind ᛫ divine nature ᛬ divine in nature ᛫ N᛬AJ godcund&godcund ME&OE
godkindness ᛫ divine nature ᛫ divinity ᛫ N godcundnesse&godcundnys ME&OE
godlief godleef ᛫ theism ᛫ N god+lief NE+ME
godlore ᛫ theology ᛫ N ~ NE
godly ᛫ divine ᛫ pious ᛫ devout ᛫ AJ ~ NE
godsend ᛫ a desirable or needed thing or event that comes unexpectedly ᛫ N ~ NE
godsent ᛫ sent by or as if by God ᛫ unexpectedly beneficial ᛫ AJ ~ NE
godshild godscild ᛫ a sin against God ᛫ impiety ᛫ N godscyld OE
godshildy godscildy ᛫ impious ᛫ AJ godscyldig OE
godsib ᛫ a god parent ᛫ a sponsor ᛫ N godsibb OE
godsibred ᛫ a godsib kindred ᛫ sponsorship ᛫ N gossipred NE
godspeech godspeec ᛫ an oracle ᛫ N godgesprǣce OE
godspeed ᛫ ( an expression of good wishes during an undertaking ) ᛫ I Godspeed NE
godweb godƿeb ᛫ cotton ᛫ a precious garment ᛫ fine clothing ᛫ N godwebb OE
godwebben godƿebben ᛫ made of precious cloth ᛫ of purple hue ? ᛫ AJ godwebben OE
godwrack godƿrack ᛫ impious ᛫ AJ godwrac OE
goings on ᛫ events ᛫ activities ᛫ N ~ NE
goldhoard ᛫ a thesaurus ( as in a treasury ) ᛫ N goldhord NE&OE calque: thesaurus
goldmaslin ᛫ orichalcum ᛫ N goldmæstling OE kin: maslin
goldstone ᛫ topaz ᛫ chrysolite ᛫ chrysoberyl ᛫ N ~ NE
gole ᛫ lustful ᛫ lascivious ᛬ to be lascivious ᛫ AJ gol&gālian ME&OE
gomb ᛫ tribute ᛫ N gombe OE
gome gum ᛫ a male human ᛫ N gǒme[guma] ME rhyme: some; come
gong ᛫ a lavatory ᛫ an outhouse ᛫ N ~ NE
gongfarmer ᛫ a cleaner of privies ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
good ᛫ to improve [ᛏ] ᛫ to endow ᛫ to enrich ᛫ V gọ̄den ME
gooddoer ᛫ a benefactor ᛫ a do-gooder ᛫ N gọ̄ddọ̄er ME
gooderheal ᛫ good fortune ᛬ good luck! ᛫ N᛬I gōderhele ME
goodly ᛫ considerable in size or quantity ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
goodman ᛫ Mister ᛫ Mr ᛫ N ~ NE
goodwife goodƿife ᛫ Mistress ᛫ Mrs ᛫ N ~ NE or: goody
goodwill goodƿill ᛫ amity ᛫ N ~ NE
gorcrow gorcroƿ ᛫ a carrion crow ᛫ N ~ NE
gore ᛫ a skirt ᛫ a wedge of cloth or chain mail ᛫ a triangular piece of land ᛫ N gōre[gāra] ME skirt is Norse
gore ᛫ a javelin ᛫ a spear for throwing ᛫ a dart ᛬ to stab ᛫ N gore&gar NE&OE
gorse ᛫ an Ulex plant ᛫ a Genista plant ᛫ N ~ NE
goshawk goscaƿk ᛫ an Accipiter bird ᛫ N ~ NE
gosling ᛫ a young goose ᛫ N ~ NE
gospel ᛫ the message concerning Christ ᛬ to evangelize ᛫ N᛬V gospel&godspellian NE&OE
gospelish gospelisc ᛫ evangelical ᛫ AJ godspellisc OE
gospeller ᛫ a missionary ᛫ a proselytizer ᛫ an evangelist ᛫ N ~[godspellere] NE [OED]
Got ᛫ a Goth ᛫ N Gota OE
Gotland ᛫ the land of the Goths ᛫ N Gotland OE
Gottish Gottisc ᛫ the Gothic tongue ᛬ Gothic ᛫ N᛬AJ Gotisc OE
gound gund ᛫ eye mucus ᛫ N gounde ME
gouth guþe ᛫ battle ᛫ war ᛫ combat ᛫ conflict ᛫ N gūþ OE
gouth gouþ ᛫ war- ᛫ battle- ᛫ PREFIX gūþ OE
gouthcraft guþecraft ᛫ warfare ᛫ N gūþcræft OE
gouthcust guþecust ᛫ warlike excellence ᛫ N gūþcyst OE
gouthfane guþefane ᛫ a military standard ᛫ an ensign ᛫ N gūþfana OE
gouthhawk guþehaƿk ᛫ a war hawk ᛫ a warmonger [ᚹ] ᛫ N gūþhafoc OE
gouthhorn guþehorn ᛫ a war horn ᛫ N gūþhorn OE
gouthmoot guþemoot ᛫ a battle meeting ᛫ N gūþgemōt OE
gouthrink guþerink ᛫ a heroic warrior ᛫ N gūþrinc OE
gouthsare guþesare ᛫ a war machine ᛫ arms ᛫ armour ᛫ N gūþsearo OE
gouthwain guþeƿain ᛫ a war vehicle ᛫ an armoured car ᛫ a tank ᛫ N gūþ+wain OE+NE
graff ᛫ a stylus ᛫ a graphium ᛫ N græf{ME gref} OE‹I‹H
graft ᛫ a carving ᛫ an engraving ᛫ a sculpture ᛫ a statue ᛫ N græft OE kin: grave; graf (Middle English)
graftiwork graftiƿork ᛫ an engraved piece of art ᛫ a carved sculpture ᛫ N græftgeweorc OE
graith graiþ ᛫ equipment ᛫ apparel ᛫ accouterments ᛬ to prepare ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹N
graithly graiþly ᛫ preparedly ᛫ AV greithlī ME‹N
gram ᛫ incensed ᛫ furious ᛫ AJ gram[gram] ME
grame ᛫ rage ᛫ anger ᛫ grief ᛫ vexation ᛫ torment ᛬ to enrage ᛫ to anger ᛫ to infuriate ᛫ to grieve ᛫ to vex ᛫ to torment ᛫ N᛬V grā̆m&grā̆men ME&ME kin: grēmen
grane ᛫ a mustache ᛫ a moustache ᛫ N granu OE
grassland ᛫ a stretch of unforested grassy land ᛫ a prairie ᛫ N ~ NE
grasstepper ᛫ a locust ᛫ N gærsstapa OE
grave grafe ᛫ a tomb ᛫ to bury a corpse ᛬ to carve or shape with a chisel ᛫ to sculpt ᛫ to sculpture ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
gravecloth grafecloþ ᛫ a pall ᛫ N grave-cloth NE [OED]
graver grafer ᛫ a sculptor ᛫ an engraver ᛫ a digger ᛫ a miner ᛫ an engraving tool ᛫ N grāver[grafere/græfere] ME
gravewax grafeƿax ᛫ adipocere ᛫ N grave-wax NE
graveyard grafegeard ᛫ a cemetery ᛫ N ~ NE
gray ᛫ a badger ᛫ a beaver ? ᛫ N grei ME
gread ᛫ a garment covering the breast ᛫ N grēde/greade[grēada] ME
great ᛫ size ᛫ greatness ᛫ a majority ᛫ the essence of something ᛫ N grēt ME kin: grootte (Dutch)
great ᛫ grand ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Great Bear Mere ᛫ Great Bear Lake ᛫ N(P) great+bear+mere NE×3
Great Salt Mere ᛫ Great Salt Lake ᛫ N(P) great+salt+mere NE×3
greatelder ᛫ a grandparent ᛫ N great+elder NE×2
greaten ᛫ to increase in size extent amount or intensity ᛫ V ~ NE
greaterhood ᛫ a majority ᛫ N greater+hood NE×2
greatgun ᛫ a heavy ordnance piece ᛫ a cannon ᛫ N great gun NE
greathearted greaþearted ᛫ magnanimous ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
greatpox ᛫ syphilis ᛫ N greatpox NE
greed ᛫ an outcry ᛬ to cry out to shout ᛫ V grēd&greden ME&ME PST: gred ᛫ PTCP: gred
Greek ᛫ a Greek ᛫ N ~[Grēcas] NE or: Creek (from Crēacas)
Greekish Greekisc ᛫ the Greek language ᛫ Grecian ᛫ N᛬AJ Grekish ME
Greekland ᛫ Greece ᛫ N Grēcland OE
green ᛫ an environmentalist ᛬ environmentalistic ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
greenback ᛫ a dollar ( of the United States ) ᛫ N ~ NE
greenbrass ᛫ verdigris ᛫ N green brass NE
greeneyed ᛫ having green eyes ᛫ jealous ᛫ envious ᛫ AJ green-eyed NE [OED]
greenhorn ᛫ a novice ᛫ a beginner ᛫ a tyro ᛫ N ~ NE
Greenlandish Greenlandisc ᛫ Greenlandic ᛫ AJ Greenland+ish NE×2
greenlight greenligt ᛫ approval ᛬ to approve ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
greenling ᛫ a Polachius pollachius fish ( a pollock ) ᛫ a Hexagrammidae fish ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
greens ᛫ green vegetables ᛫ N ~ NE
greenstone ᛫ jade ᛫ nephrite ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
greenwood greenƿood ᛫ a forest that is green with foliage ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
greet ᛫ to lament ᛫ to weep ᛫ V ~[grētan] NE we already have a word for "to weep" ᛫ [MW]
grey ᛫ gloomy ᛫ uninteresting ᛫ having an intermediate or vague position condition or character ᛫ neutral ᛫ AJ ~ NE or: gray
greyback ᛫ a Calidris canutus bird ᛫ a louse ᛫ a soldier of the Confederate States of America ᛫ N ~ NE
greymote ᛫ a neutron ᛫ N grey+mote NE×2
greywader greyƿader ᛫ a Glariolinae bird ᛫ a pratincole ᛫ N ~ NE
greywater greyƿater ᛫ sullage ᛫ N gray water NE or: graywater
grill ᛫ vexation ᛫ offence ᛬ to provoke ᛫ to annoy ᛫ to irritate ᛫ to offend ᛫ N᛬V grille&grillen[gryllan] ME
grim ᛫ dismal ᛫ gloomy ᛫ forbidding ᛫ sinister ᛫ cynical ᛫ ominous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
grime ᛫ a mask ᛫ filth or slime that covers something ᛫ N grime&grima NE&OE
grin ᛫ a noose ᛫ a snare ᛫ N ~ NE
grind ᛫ a groin ᛫ N grīnde ME
grinder ᛫ a submarine sandwich ᛫ N ~ NE
grindle grindel ᛫ a small stream or ditch ᛫ N ~[OE grendel] NE
gripe ᛫ a griffin ᛫ a vulture ᛫ N grī̆p[grīpe] ME‹I&OE‹I
gripe ᛫ a complaint ᛬ to complain ᛫ N᛬V grīpan NE
gripping ᛫ very interesting ᛫ fascinating ᛫ AJ ~ NE
gripple grippel ᛫ covetous ᛫ AJ gripel ME
grise ᛫ to fear ᛫ to be terrified at ᛫ V grīsen ME kin: grisly
grisly ᛫ inspiring horror and disgust ᛫ AJ ~ NE
grist ᛫ ground grain ᛫ grain to be ground ᛫ malt grains which have been cleaned and cracked ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
gristle gristel ᛫ tough cartilaginous tendinous or fibrous matter ᛫ cartilage [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
grit ᛫ small loose particles of stone or sand ᛫ strength of character ᛬ to move with a grating sound ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
grith griþ ᛫ peace ᛫ safety ᛫ sanctuary ᛫ clemency ᛫ pardon ᛫ mercy ᛫ N grith ME‹N
groat ᛫ a particle ᛫ a fragment ᛫ N grō̆t ME or: grot
groor ᛫ terror ᛫ horror ᛬ terrifying ᛫ horrifying ᛫ N᛬AJ grure[gryre] ME kin: grēosan
gropenail ᛫ a kind of small nail ᛫ N grōpnail ME
ground grund ᛫ soil ᛫ reason ( for doing something ) ᛫ N ~ NE
ground meat grund ᛫ mince ᛫ N ~ NE
groundbreaker grundbreaker ᛫ a pioneer ᛫ an innovator ᛫ N ~ NE
groundbreaking grondbreaking ᛫ pioneering ᛫ innovating ᛫ AJ ~ NE
grounddown grunddune ᛫ exhausted ᛫ AJ ground-down NE
groundless grundless ᛫ baseless ᛫ without reason ᛫ unfounded ᛫ AJ ~ NE
groundline grundline ᛫ a baseline ᛫ a foundation ᛫ a basis ᛫ N ~ NE kin: Grundlinien ᛫ or: groundrow (line is a loanword) ᛫ [MW]
groundnut grundnut ᛫ a peanut ᛫ N ~ NE
groundpitch grundpic ᛫ a tonic ( in music ) ᛫ N ground+pitch NE×2 calque: Grundton
groundsel grundsel ᛫ a Senecio vulgaris plant ᛫ N ~[grǒundeswilie] NE
groundskeeper grundskeeper ᛫ a gardener ᛫ a landscaper ᛫ a caretaker of an estate ᛫ N ~ NE groundsman is more common in Britain
groundwork grundƿork ᛫ a foundation ᛫ N ~ NE
grouts grutes ᛫ plaster ᛫ lees ᛫ dregs ᛫ N grouts[grūt] NE [MW]
grove grofe ᛫ a small wood ᛫ an orchard ᛫ a group of trees ᛫ N ~[grōve][grāf/grāfa] NE
growingly groƿingly ᛫ increasingly ᛫ progressively ᛫ AV ~ NE
grownhood groƿnhood ᛫ adulthood ᛫ N grown+hood NE×2
growthsome groƿþsum ᛫ fertile ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
grub ᛫ to dig ᛫ to extract by digging ᛫ to pluck hair ᛫ V grubben ME
grunt ᛫ a low ranking member of a group ᛫ N ~ NE
guild gild ᛫ an association of merchants or craftsmen ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
guildhall gildhall ᛫ a building used as the meeting place of a guild ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
guildsman gildsman ᛫ a member of a guild ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
guiltend giltend ᛫ a debtor ᛫ an offender ᛫ N gyltend OE
gulch gulc ᛫ a ravine ᛫ a gorge ᛫ N ~ NE
gum ᛫ the tissue that surrounds the necks of teeth and covers the alveolar parts of the jaws ᛫ N ~[gōma] NE kin: gum
gumshoe gumscoe ᛫ a kind of shoe ᛫ a detective ᛫ N ~ NE
gun ᛫ a firearm ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
gundust ᛫ gunpowder ᛫ N gun+dust NE×2
gunstone ᛫ a cannonball ᛫ N ~ NE
gutleech gutleec ᛫ a gastroenterologist ᛫ N gut+leech NE×2
hack ᛫ a tool for rough striking or cutting ( such as a mattock or a miner's pick ) ᛫ N ~ NE
hackle hackel ᛫ an outer garment ᛫ a covering ᛫ an animal's skin ᛫ a bird's plumage ᛫ N hakel[hacele] ME kin: hökull (Icelandic); hakuls (Gothic)
hackneyed ᛫ unoriginal ᛫ bland ᛫ cliche ᛫ banal ᛫ trite ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hackster ᛫ an assassin ᛫ a ruffian ᛫ N ~ NE
had I wist ƿist ᛫ regret ᛫ N had I wist ME
haff ᛫ an ocean ᛫ N heaf OE kin: haven
haft ᛫ the handle of a tool or weapon ᛬ to fit a handle to ᛫ to perform a function ᛫ to process [ᚹ] ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
haft ᛫ a captive ᛫ a prisoner ᛫ captivity ᛫ imprisonment ᛫ possession ᛫ having ᛬ to capture ᛫ to imprison ᛫ N᛬V hæft{hæftnẹ̄the} OE
haftling ᛫ a captive ᛫ N haftling OE
hag ᛫ a sorceress ᛫ an enchantress ᛫ a witch ᛫ an unlikable old woman ᛫ N ~[hægtesse] NE kin: hex
hagfish hagfisc ᛫ a Myxine fish ᛫ N ~ NE
haggle haggel ᛫ to bargain ᛫ to chaffer ᛫ V ~[haccian]? NE
hail ᛫ a greeting ᛬ to greet ᛬ greetings! ᛫ N᛬V᛬I ~ NE
hake ᛫ a Merlucciidae fish ᛫ a Phycidae fish ᛫ N ~ NE
haked ᛫ an Esox fish ( a pike , a pickerel , a ged , a lucet ) ᛫ N ~ NE
halch halc ᛫ to fasten around ᛫ to loop ᛫ V halchen ME
hale ᛫ a nook ᛫ a cranny ᛫ a hiding place ᛫ N hāle/hal ME
hale ᛫ robust ᛫ healthy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
half ᛫ semi- ᛫ sam- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
half moon ᛫ a crescent ᛫ anything crescent shaped ᛫ the moon in its first or last quarter phase ᛫ N halfmoon NE
halfclepend ᛫ a semi-vowel ᛫ N healfclypigende OE from Ælfric's Grammar
halfgidden ▪ a demigoddess ▪ N half+gyden NE+OE
halfgod ᛫ a demigod ᛫ N ~ NE
halfhearted ᛫ without enthusiasm ᛫ perfunctory ᛫ lackluster ᛫ tepid ᛫ apathetic ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
halfheartedness ᛫ lack of enthusiasm ᛫ perfunctoriness ᛫ tepidity ᛫ apathy ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
halfhorse halfhors ᛫ a centaur ᛫ N half horse ANE [OED]
halftrendle halftrendel ᛫ a hemisphere ᛫ N healftrendel OE
halfwit halfƿit ᛫ a fool ᛫ an idiot ᛫ N ~ NE
halfyearly halfgerely ᛫ semi-annual ᛬ semi-annually ᛫ AJ:AV half-yearly NE [OED]
halidom ᛫ holiness ᛫ sanctity ᛫ N ~ NE
halk ᛫ a recess or a nook in a building ᛫ a remote corner in an open place ᛫ a cavity ᛫ N halk[healoc/healc] ME
hallmark ᛫ a defining feature ᛫ a defining characteristic ᛫ a defining attribute ᛫ N ~ NE
hallmoot ᛫ a court baron ᛫ N ~ NE
hallow halloƿ ᛫ a saint ᛬ to sanctify ᛫ to canonize ᛫ to consecrate ᛫ to dedicate ᛫ to initiate ᛫ to make holy ᛫ N᛬V hallow&halwen[gehālgian] NE&ME
hallowdom halloƿdom ᛫ sainthood ᛫ N ~ NE
hallowing halloƿing ᛫ consecration ᛫ sanctification ᛫ N hālgung OE
hallowing book halloƿing ᛫ a benedictional ᛫ N hālgungbōc OE
Hallowmas Halloƿmas ᛫ All Saints' Day ᛫ N Hallowmas NE‹(E+I)
Hallowtide Halloƿtide ᛫ the first week of November ᛫ N halowtide ME found in MEC under "halwe"
halm ᛫ stubble ᛫ straw ᛫ N halm[halm/healm] ME
halse hals ᛫ to greet ᛫ to salute ᛫ to predict ᛫ to divine ᛫ V halsen&hālsian ME&OE
halse hals ᛫ a neck ᛫ a throat ᛫ N ~[hals][heals/hals] NE did neck once mean "back neck" and halse mean "front neck"?
halse hals ᛫ to hug ᛫ to embrace ᛫ to caress ᛫ to fondle ᛫ to embrace something spiritually or mystically ᛫ V ~ NE
halsebee ᛫ a torc ᛫ a torq ᛫ a torque ᛫ N healsbeag OE literally neck-bee
halsebour halsbor ᛫ a gorget ᛫ N healsbeorg OE
halseman ᛫ an executioner ᛫ N ~ NE
halsend ᛫ an omen ᛫ an augur ᛫ N hǣlsend OE
halser ᛫ a diviner ᛫ an exorcist ᛫ N hǣlsere OE
halsewort halseƿurt ᛫ a Capparis spinosa plant ᛫ a Symphytum album plant ᛫ a Sedum telephium plant ᛫ a throatwort plant ᛫ N halswort ME
halsing ᛫ divination ᛫ fortune telling ᛫ augury ᛫ exorcism ᛫ N hālsung OE
Halsing ᛫ one of the Hälsings ᛫ N(P) Hælsingum OE
halt ᛫ to walk with a limp ᛫ to conduct oneself immorally ᛬ lame ᛫ limping ᛫ V᛬AJ halt&halten[healtian] NE&ME
halter ᛫ a rope for animals or for hanging people ᛫ N ~[hælftre] NE [MW]
ham ᛫ an enclosure ᛫ a plot of enclosed ground ᛫ N hamme&ham ME&OE
ham ᛫ the hollow of the knee ᛫ N ~ NE
hamble hambel ᛫ to disable by severing the hamstring muscles ᛫ V ~[hamelen] NE
hame ᛫ covering ᛫ skin ᛫ integument ᛫ membrane ᛫ the slough of a reptile ᛫ N hāme[hama] ME
hammer ᛫ a malleus ( bone ) ᛫ N ~ NE
hammerbore ᛫ a pneumatic drill ᛫ a percussion drill ᛫ a piston drill ᛫ a jackhammer ᛫ N ~ NE+ANE calque: hammer-drill
hammerwort hammerƿurt ᛫ a Helleborus niger plant ? ᛫ N hamerwyrt OE
hamstring ᛫ a thigh muscle between the hip and knee ᛬ to disable by cutting the hamstrings ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
handbag ᛫ a purse ᛫ N ~[baggi?] NE‹N?
handbone ᛫ a metacarpal ᛫ N hand+bone NE×2
handbook ᛫ a manual ᛫ N ~ NE
handcloth handcloþ ᛫ a handkerchief ᛫ a towel ᛫ N ~ NE
handedness ᛫ hand dominance ᛫ chirality ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
handfast ᛫ a marriage contract ᛬ to become engaged ( as in marriage ) ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹N
handglass ᛫ a magnifying glass ᛫ a hand mirror ᛫ N hand-glass NE [OED]
handgun ᛫ a pistol ᛫ N ~ NE
handicap ᛫ a disability ᛫ a restraint ᛬ to disable ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
handicapped ᛫ disabled ᛫ ADJ ~ NE
handicraft ᛫ manual skill ᛫ an occupation requiring skill with the hands ᛫ the articles fashioned by handicraft ᛫ N ~ NE
handiness ᛫ dexterity ᛫ managableness ᛫ manoeuvrability ᛫ convenience ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
handiswink handisƿink ᛫ manual labour ᛫ N handiswink ME
handle handel ᛫ a pseudonym ᛫ a username ᛫ N ~ NE
handler handeller ᛫ a manager of animals or a kind of object ᛫ a processor [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
handlings ᛫ by hand ᛫ manually ᛫ AV hondlinges ME
handly ᛫ manual ᛫ AJ ~ NE
handmaid ᛫ a personal maid or female servant ᛫ N ~ NE
handman ᛫ a manservant ᛫ N ~ NE
handpriest handpreest ᛫ a chaplain ᛫ N handprēost OE‹(E+I‹H)
handsax ᛫ a dagger ᛫ N handseax OE
handsel ᛫ a gift given for good luck at the beginning of the year or to mark an acquisition or the start of an enterprise ᛫ N ~ NE
handset ᛫ a mobile phone ᛫ a cell phone ᛫ N ~ NE
handwhile handhƿile ᛫ a short period of time ᛫ a moment ᛫ an instance ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
handwrit handƿrit ᛫ a manuscript ᛫ a writ written by hand ᛫ N ~ NE
handy ᛫ useful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hane ᛫ a rooster ᛫ N hana{hanecrau} OE
hangby ᛫ a dependent ( used in contempt ) ᛫ N hangby NE
hanger ᛫ a wood on a steep hillside ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
hangeron ᛫ a sycophant ᛫ N ~ NE
hanging ᛫ a tapestry ᛫ a drapery ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
hangman ᛫ an executioner who hangs the condemned ᛫ N ~ NE
hangmat ᛫ a hammock ᛫ N hang+mat NE+NE calque: hangmat; Hängematte; Hängmatta
hangup ᛫ a delay ᛬ to suspend ᛫ to delay ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
hansel ᛫ a token of fortune ( good or bad ) ᛫ a gift given at the beginning of a new year or a new venture meant to bring luck ᛫ N ~[hanselle][handselen] NE or: handsel
hap ᛫ luck ᛫ fortune ᛫ a chance occurrence ᛫ N ~ NE‹N [LEX]
hapful ᛫ lucky ᛫ fortunate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hapless ᛫ unfortunate ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(N+E)
haply ᛫ by accident ᛫ AV ~ NE‹(N+E)
happening ᛫ an occurrence ᛫ an event ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E+E)
hapsome hapsum ᛫ random ᛫ AJ hap+some N+NE
har ᛫ the hinge of a door or lock ᛫ one of the four cardinal points of the heavens or the earth ᛫ N har/harre/herre[heorr] ME
harbour harbor ᛫ a haven ᛫ a barracks ᛫ military quarters ᛫ a sanctuary ᛫ an anchorage ( in some senses ) ᛫ N ~ NE kin: heriot; borrow
hard ᛫ alcoholic ( of drinks ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hardbound hardbund ᛫ constipated ᛫ costive ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
harddrive harddrife ᛫ a hard disk ᛫ a hard disk drive ᛫ N hard drive NE
hardhearted ᛫ unfeeling ᛫ callous ᛫ obdurate ᛫ cruel ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
hardhew hardheƿ ᛫ a Cichorium intybus plant ( chicory ) ᛫ N hardhewe ME
hardness ᛫ inflexibility ᛫ rigidity ᛫ stiffness ᛫ harshness ᛫ rigour ᛫ severity ᛫ cruelty ᛫ obduracy ᛫ obstinacy ᛫ hardiness ᛫ N ~ NE
hardship hardscip ᛫ a difficulty ( esp an unpleasant one ) ᛫ N ~ NE
hardtin ᛫ pewter ᛫ N hard+tin NE×2 calque: Hartzinn
hardware hardƿare ᛫ equipment ᛫ the physical components of an electronic system ᛫ N ~ NE
harebell ᛫ a Hyacinthus plant ( a hyacinth ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
harebrained ᛫ foolish ᛫ mad ᛫ insane ᛫ idiotic ᛫ reckless ᛫ rash ᛫ irresponsible ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
hareeyed ᛫ lagophthalmic ᛫ wide-eyed ᛫ AJ ~ ANE
harehearted ᛫ timorous ᛫ timid ᛫ easily frightened ᛫ AJ harehearted NE
haresbeard ᛫ a Verbascum thapsus plant ( great mullein ) ᛫ N hares bearde ANE poorly attested
hareseye ᛫ a Silene dioica plant ( red campion ) ᛫ N hares eie ANE poorly attested
hareseye ᛫ lagophthalmus ᛫ lagophthalmia ᛫ N hares-eye NE
haresleep ᛫ a very light sleep ᛫ N hare-sleep ANE poorly attested
harfee ᛫ booty ᛫ war spoils ᛫ N herefeoh OE
harfolk ᛫ army men ᛫ army folk ᛫ N herefolc OE
hargang ᛫ a military expedition ᛫ N heregang OE
harhithe harhiþe ᛫ spoil ᛫ booty ᛫ plunder ᛫ N herehȳþ OE
hark ᛫ ( commands or requests others to pay attention ) ᛫ I ~ NE
hark back ᛫ to evoke something from the past ᛫ V ~ NE
harken ᛫ to listen ᛫ to pay attention to ᛫ V ~ NE
harkworthy harkƿorþy ᛫ noteworthy ᛫ worthy of being paid attention to ᛫ AJ hark+worthy NE×2
harm ᛫ a field-mouse ᛫ a dormouse ᛫ N hearma OE
harman ᛫ a soldier ᛫ a warrior ᛫ a militant ᛫ N hereman OE
harmqueath harmcƿeaþ ᛫ to revile to speak ill of ᛫ V hearmcweþan OE
harmquid harmcƿid ᛫ blasphemy ᛫ harmful speech ᛫ N hearmcwide OE
harpath harpaþ ᛫ a military road ᛫ N herepaþ OE
harreif ᛫ spoil ᛫ booty ᛫ plunder ᛫ that which is reaved by an army ᛫ N hererēaf OE
harrier ᛫ one who engages in persistent attacks on others or their lands ᛫ N ~ NE
harrow harroƿ ᛫ a rake which is heavy and for cultivation ᛬ to use a harrow ᛫ to disturb ᛫ to distress ᛫ to traumatize ᛫ to pillage ᛫ to plunder ᛫ to ravage ᛫ V ~[harwe][harwen] NE doublet: harry
harrow harroƿ ᛫ a temple ᛫ a shrine ᛫ an idol ᛫ N hearg&hearh OE survives in place names?
harry ᛫ to harass ᛫ to irritate ᛫ to annoy ᛫ to irk ᛫ to pillage ᛫ to plunder ᛫ to ravage ᛫ V ~[herien][herigan] NE doublet: harrow
harsithe harsiþe ᛫ a military expedition ᛫ N heresīþ OE
harspeed ᛫ military success ᛫ N herespēd OE
hart ᛫ a deer ᛫ N hart&hert NE&ME male-only in Modern English
hartclover hartclofer ᛫ a Melilotus plant ( melilot ) ᛫ N hart-claver NE [OED]
harteamer ᛫ a general ᛫ N heretēma OE
harthreat harþreat ᛫ a troop ᛫ a band of soldiers ᛫ N hereþrēat OE
hartmeat ᛫ venison ᛫ N hart+meat{deermeat} NE×2
hartow hartoƿ ᛫ a general ᛫ a marshal ᛫ a duke ᛫ N heretowa ME or: hartough
hartowdom hartoƿdom ᛫ a duchy ᛫ a dukedom ᛫ N hartow+dom ME+NE calque: Herzogtum
hartowen hartoƿen ᛫ a duchess ᛫ N heretow+en NE
harvest harfest ᛫ the fall or autumn season ᛫ N hervest ME
harvest moon harfest ᛫ a full moon at or about the time of the autumnal equinox ᛫ N ~ NE [CED][MW]
harvestfly harfestfly ᛫ a cicada ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
Harvestmonth Harfestmonþ ᛫ September ᛫ N(P) hærfestmōnaþ OE or: Holimonth
harweed harƿeed ᛫ armour ᛫ N herewǣd OE
harwoop harƿoop ᛫ a war cry ᛫ N herewōp OE
hase ᛫ grey ᛫ gray ᛫ ashen ᛫ AJ hasu/haso{haswed} OE
hasp ᛫ a fastening device ᛫ N ~ NE
hassock ᛫ a tussock ᛫ a cushion ᛫ N ~[hassuc] NE
hatch hac ᛫ a crosier ᛫ N hæcce OE
hateful ᛫ full of hate ᛫ heinous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hatel ᛫ detestable ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
hather haþer ᛫ a restraint ᛫ a confinement ᛬ to restrain ᛫ to confine ᛫ V heaþor&heaþorian OE&OE
hatshop hatscop ᛫ a hat store ᛫ a haberdashery ᛫ a millinery ᛫ N hat-shop NE [OED]
hatter ᛫ clothing ᛫ garments ᛫ clothes ᛫ N hater[hæteru/heatru] ME plural form seems to have been "hateren"
hatter ᛫ a hat maker ᛫ a hat seller ᛫ a haberdasher ᛫ a milliner ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
Hatwere Hatƿere ᛫ one of the Chattuarii ( a sub-group of the Franks ? ) ᛫ N(P) Hætwerum OE
haugh haug ᛫ a low-lying meadow by the side of a river ᛫ N ~[healh] NE rhyme: scoff; loch
haulm ᛫ the stems or tops of crop plants ( esp after the crop has been gathered ) ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
haveless hafeless ᛫ poor ᛫ destitute ᛫ AJ ~ NE
haven hafen ᛫ property ᛫ possessions ᛫ N hāven[hæfen] ME
haven hafen ᛫ a harbour ᛫ a sanctuary ᛫ a port ᛫ N ~ NE
haver hafer ᛫ a male goat ᛫ N hæfer OE
haverbleat haferbleat ᛫ a bittern ᛫ a snipe ᛫ N hæferblæte OE
haw haƿ ᛫ an enclosure ᛫ a hedge ᛫ N hawe ME
Hawaii ᛫ Hawaii ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹O or: The Sandwich Islands
hawkshaw haƿkscaƿ ᛫ a detective ᛫ N ~ NE "from the name of a detective in... The Ticket-of-Leave Man" - Lexico
hawspind haƿspind ᛫ the cheek ᛫ N hagospind OE "hago" is a variant of "haga" which later bore "haw"
hawthorn haƿþorn ᛫ a Crataegus plant ᛫ N ~ NE means enclosure-thorn(?)
hay ᛫ an enclosed plot of land ᛫ a deer park ( an enclosed hunting park in a forest ) ᛫ N hei[hege/gehæg] ME
hay moon ᛫ a full moon in July ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
hayriff ᛫ a Galium aparine plant ( cleavers ) ᛫ N ~[heirive/hayriffe][hegerife] NE or: hairif
haystold ᛫ a bachelor ( an unmarried male ) ᛫ a virgin ( male ) ᛫ N hægsteald OE
hayward hayƿard ᛫ an agricultural overseer ( one who maintains hedges and the common protects grain and oversees the harvest ) ᛫ N hayward&heiward NE&ME
hazel hasel ᛫ a Corylus plant ᛫ a light golden brown hue ᛬ hazel in colour ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
hazelwort haselƿurt ᛫ an Asarum europaeum plant ( asarabacca ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
he ᛫ a male ᛫ N ~ NE in compounds: ( denotes a link to maleness or masculinity , mostly in regards to animals and objects )
head ᛫ a person ᛫ an individual ᛫ a character ᛫ N head&hede NE&ME
headbone ᛫ a skull ᛫ a cranium ᛫ N heafodban OE
headborough headboroug ᛫ a capital city ᛫ N hēafodburh OE
headedder ᛫ a cephalic vein ᛫ N hēafodǣdre OE
headland ᛫ a promontory ᛫ coastal land that juts into the sea ᛫ N ~ NE
headleighter headleigter ᛫ a chief error ᛫ one of the seven deadly sins ᛫ N hēafodleahter OE
headless ᛫ acephalous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
headlong ᛫ hasty ᛫ precipitate ᛫ impetuous ᛫ rash ᛫ reckless ᛬ hastily ᛫ precipitately ᛫ impetuously ᛫ rashly ᛫ recklessly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
headly ᛫ chief ᛫ capital ᛫ AJ hēafodlīc OE
headman ᛫ a chief man ᛫ N ~ NE
headpan ᛫ a skull ᛫ N hēafodpanne OE
headset ᛫ a pair of headphones ᛫ N ~ NE
headship headscip ᛫ the position of a leader or head ᛫ N ~ NE
headshop headscop ᛫ a shop which sells cannabis paraphernalia ᛫ N ~ NE
headspring ᛫ a source ᛫ a fountainhead ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
headstool ᛫ a chief seat ᛫ a chief position [ᚹ] ᛫ N hēafodstōl OE
headstrong ᛫ self-willed and obstinate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
headward headƿard ᛫ a chief guardian or officer ᛫ N hēafodweard OE
headwater headƿater ᛫ the source and initial part of a stream ᛫ N ~ NE
headway headƿay ᛫ advance ᛫ progress ᛫ N ~ NE
headwright headƿrigt ᛫ a chief workman ᛫ N hēafodwyrhta OE
heady ᛫ intoxicating ᛫ stupefying ᛫ upsetting to the mind or senses ᛫ intellectual and technical ᛫ AJ ~ NE
healall ᛫ a panacea ᛫ a universal remedy ᛫ N heal-all NE
healstone ᛫ some kind of flat cake ᛫ N healstān OE
healthful healþful ᛫ salubrious ᛫ conducive to good health ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heam ᛫ to shack up with ᛫ to have sex with ᛫ to have intercourse with ᛫ to marry ᛫ V hǣman OE
heamed ᛫ sexual intercourse ᛫ N hǣmed OE said like "heem-id", not "heemd"
heamedchurl heamedcerl ᛫ a married man of the churl class ᛫ N hǣmedceorl OE
heamedwife heamedƿife ᛫ a married woman of the churl class ᛫ N hǣmedwíf OE
heamedy ᛫ sexy ᛫ sexual ᛫ AJ heamed+y OE+NE said like: hee-mid-ee
hean ᛫ to insult ᛫ to humiliate ᛫ to debase ᛫ V hēnen ME
heap ᛫ a crowd ᛫ a pile ᛫ a mass ᛫ much or many of something ᛫ N ~ NE
heapmeal ᛫ in large quantities ᛫ in heaps ᛫ heap by heap ᛫ AV ~ NE
hearsay ᛫ a rumour ᛫ gossip ᛫ N ~ NE
hearsome hearsum ᛫ obedient ᛫ compliant ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hearsomeness hearsumness ᛫ obedience ᛫ N ~ NE
heart ᛫ a conscience ᛫ the seat of one's emotions ᛫ a core ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
heartache heartake ᛫ sorrow ᛫ anguish of the mind ᛫ N ~ NE
hearteat ᛫ to covet ᛫ to envy ᛫ V hearteat NE [OED]
hearten ᛫ to comfort ᛫ to give courage ᛫ to encourage ᛫ to console ᛫ to reassure ᛫ to exhort ᛫ V hearten&herten NE&ME
heartening ᛫ inspiring ᛫ encouraging ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heartfelt ᛫ sincerely felt or believed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hearth hearþ ᛫ a fireplace floor ᛫ a brick stone or concrete area in front of a fireplace ᛫ N ~ NE
heartleech heartleec ᛫ a cardiologist ᛫ N heart+leech NE×2
heartless ᛫ unfeeling ᛫ callous ᛫ obdurate ᛫ cruel ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
heartlike ᛫ like a heart ᛫ central ᛫ core ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heartquake heartcƿake ᛫ a heart palpitation ᛫ a feeling of strong or sudden emotion ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
heartsick ᛫ depressed ᛫ despondent ᛫ grieving ᛫ suffering emotional pain or anguish ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
heartsickness ᛫ depression ᛫ despondency ᛫ grief ᛫ emotional pain or anguish ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
heartsome heartsum ᛫ uplifting ᛫ comforting ᛫ lively ᛫ joyful ᛫ pleasant ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heartwrenching heartƿrencing ᛫ painfully upsetting or distressing ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
hearty ᛫ cordial ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heast ᛫ violence ᛬ violent ᛫ N᛬AJ hǣst OE
heath heaþ ᛫ uncultivated land ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
heath heaþ ᛫ war- ᛫ battle- ᛫ PREFIX hēaþu OE
heathen heaþen ᛫ a pagan ᛬ pagan ᛫ N᛬AJ heathen NE
heathendom heaþendom ᛫ paganism ᛫ heathenism ᛫ the state of being heathen ᛫ N ~ NE
heather heaþer ᛫ an Ericaceae plant ᛫ N ~ NE
heathglemb heaþglemb ᛫ a war injury ᛫ a war wound ᛫ N hēaþuglemm OE
heathweed heaþƿeed ᛫ armour ᛫ military clothing ᛫ N hēaþuwǣd OE
heatmeter ᛫ a thermometer ᛫ N heat+mete+er NE×3
heave heaf ᛫ to lift ᛫ to raise ᛫ V ~ NE
heavenly heafenly ᛫ divine ᛫ celestial ᛫ wonderful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heavenrich heafenric ᛫ the Kingdom of Heaven ᛫ N heofonrīce OE
heavensent heafensent ᛫ fortunate appropriate or providential as if ordained by heaven ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heaver heafer ᛫ a lever ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
heaviness heafiness ᛫ gravity ᛫ N ~ NE
heavyhanded heafyhanded ᛫ oppressive and clumsy ᛫ AJ heavyhanded NE
heavyhandedly heafyhandedly ᛫ in a heavyhanded manner ᛫ AV heavyhandedly NE
heavywater heafyƿater ᛫ deuterium oxide ᛫ N ~ NE
Hebreish Hebreisc ᛫ Hebrew speech ᛬ Hebrew ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) hebrēisc OE or: Ebresh
hedden ᛫ a hood ᛫ chasuble ᛫ an overcoat ᛫ a mantle ᛫ cloak ᛫ N heden OE
hedge hecg ᛫ a fence made of bushes ᛫ a contract reducing exposure to risk ᛬ to enclose or obstruct with hedges ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
hedge hecg ᛫ ( denotes itinerancy ) ᛫ PREFIX hedge- NE as in "hedge-priest" and "hedge-knight"
heed ᛫ attention ᛫ notice ᛬ to pay attention ᛫ to pay attention to [ᛏ] ᛫ to act as instructed ᛫ to act as instructed by [ᛏ] ᛫ N᛬V heed&hẹ̄d&hẹ̄den NE&ME&ME
heedern ᛫ a storehouse ᛫ N hēddern OE what does "hēdd" mean?
heedful ᛫ attentive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heedless ᛫ inattentive ᛫ oblivious ᛫ inobservant ᛫ regardless ᛫ respectless ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
heedlessness ᛫ inattention ᛫ inattentiveness ᛫ oblivousness ᛫ inobservance ᛫ disregard ᛫ disrespect ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
heedsome heedsum ᛫ attentive ᛫ AJ ~ NE invented by William Barnes
heef ᛫ grief ᛫ N hēof OE
heel ᛫ to keep secret ᛫ to conceal ᛫ to cover ᛫ V ~{hēlen} NE
heel ᛫ to conceal ᛫ to cover ᛫ to blot out ᛫ to clothe ᛫ to protect with secrecy ᛫ V hēlen[helan] ME
heelbone ᛫ a calcaneus ᛫ N ~ NE
heem ᛫ an inhabitant ᛫ N hēme ME
heen ᛫ to scoff at ᛫ to humiliate ᛫ to debase ᛬ low ᛫ humbled ᛫ humiliated ᛫ abject ᛫ poor ᛫ wretched ᛫ V᛬AJ hēnen&hēn ME&ME
heer ᛫ an army ᛫ N here/heer ME
heer ᛫ hair ᛫ N hēr ME "hair" has been influenced by French "haire"
heerbane ᛫ depilatory ᛫ N hair+bane NE×2 invented by William Barnes
heerclip ᛫ a barrette ᛫ N ~ NE
heerly ᛫ military ᛫ AJ herelīc OE
heerwash hairƿasc ᛫ shampoo ᛫ N ~ NE
heerwax hairƿax ᛫ pomade ᛫ N hair+wax NE×2
heeve heef ᛫ to grieve ᛫ V hēofan OE
heft ᛫ something's weight ᛫ the ability or influence to get something done ᛬ to hoist ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [LEX]
heifer ᛫ a young cow that has not borne a calf ᛫ N ~ NE
height heigt ᛫ one of the three dimensions of a solid object , top to bottom ᛫ N ~ NE
heighten heigten ᛫ to make higher ᛫ to intensify ᛫ V ~ NE
heightfear heigtfear ᛫ acrophobia ᛫ N height+fear NE×2
heightwise heigtƿise ᛫ in terms of height ᛫ vertical ᛬ in a vertical manner ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
held ᛫ a Tanacetum plant ( a tansy ) ᛫ N helde ME [OED]
heleth heleþ ᛫ a hero ᛫ N hēleth[hæleþ] ME "health" is pseudo-archaic spelling?
helethen heleþen ᛫ a heroine ᛫ N hēleth+en NE+ME
helethish heleþisc ᛫ heroic ᛫ AJ hēleth+ish ME+NE
helfry ᛫ gory ᛫ bloody ᛫ AJ heolfrig OE
hellbent ᛫ determined to achieve something at all costs ᛫ AJ ~ NE
heller ᛫ the scale of a balance ᛫ a balance [ᚹ] ᛫ balance [ᚹ] ᛬ to balance on a scale ᛫ to balance [ᚹ] ᛫ N᛬V heolor&heoloran OE
hellghost hellgoast ᛫ an infernal spirit ᛫ N hellegāst OE
hellish ᛫ infernal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Hellmere ᛫ the river Styx ᛫ N hellemere OE
hellraiser ᛫ a person who causes trouble through wild behavior ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N+E)
hellrown hellrune ᛫ a necromancer woman ᛫ a witch ᛫ a pythonissa ᛫ N hellerūne/helrūn OE means "hell whisper"?
hellwight hellƿigt ᛫ a creature of hell ᛫ N hellwiht OE
hellwite hellƿite ᛫ hellish punishment ᛫ gehenna ᛫ hades ᛫ hell ᛫ N hellewīte OE
helm ᛫ a helmet ᛫ N helm[helm][helm] NE
helm ᛫ to steer a boat or ship ᛫ to manage the running of ᛫ to direct a film ᛫ V ~ NE
helmer ᛫ a director ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
helper ᛫ an assistant ᛫ an aide ᛫ N ~ NE
helping ᛫ a portion or serving of food ᛫ an amount or quantity of something ᛫ N ~ NE
helve helf ᛫ the handle of a tool or weapon ᛬ to furnish with a helve ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [MW]
helver helfer ᛫ blood from a wound ᛫ gore ᛫ cruor ᛫ N heolfor OE
hem ᛫ them ᛫ N(PRO) hem ME or: em (some claim 'em descends from hem)
hem ᛫ a rim ( esp of stitched cloth ) ᛬ to surround in a restricting way ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
hemp ᛫ a Cannabis plant ᛫ cannabis ᛫ marijuana ᛫ N ~ NE
hempen ᛫ made of hemp ᛫ ADJ hempen NE
hemptree ᛫ a Vitex agnus-castus plant ( chaste tree ) ᛫ N ~ NE
hemth hemþ ᛫ an undergarment with short sleeves ᛫ a shirt ᛫ N hemeþe OE kin: Hemd (German)
hen ᛫ from this place ᛫ away ᛫ hence ᛫ AJ henne ME
henbell ᛫ henbane ᛫ a Hyoscyamus plant ᛫ N hennebelle OE
hence hens ᛫ from this place ᛫ AV ~ NE
henchman hencman ᛫ a subordinate ( usually with negative connotations ) ᛫ N ~ NE or: hinxman
hend ᛫ courteous ᛫ courtly ᛫ polite ᛫ chivalrous ᛫ beautiful ᛫ pleasant ᛫ gracious ᛫ decorous ᛫ AJ hēnde ME
hendly ᛫ courteously ᛫ politely ᛫ chivalrously ᛫ AV hẹ̄̆ndelī ME
hendness ᛫ courtesy ᛫ politeness ᛫ chivalry ᛫ N hēnde+ness ME+NE
hent ᛫ until ᛫ P&C hent ME short for "henne to"
hent ᛫ to grasp ᛫ to seize ᛫ to capture ᛫ to arrest ᛫ to encounter ᛫ to experience ᛫ V ~[henten][hentan] NE kin: hunt
henth henþ ᛫ humiliation ᛫ abasement ᛫ disgrace ᛫ N henthe[hȳnþ/hēnþu] ME
henward henƿard ᛫ passing away in time ᛫ fleeting ᛫ brief ᛫ transitory ᛫ transient ᛫ AJ heoneward ME
her ᛫ a lord ᛫ a nobleman ᛫ a superior ᛫ sir [ᚹ] ᛫ mister [ᚹ] ᛫ N herre{hearra} ME
her ᛫ their ᛫ N(PRO) here/hire/hure[heora] ME
herd ᛫ a herdsman ᛫ shepherd ᛫ a guardian ᛫ a pastor ᛫ N herde ME
Herdsman ᛫ the constellation Boötes ᛫ N ~ NE
hereat ᛫ as a result ᛫ AV ~ NE [LEX]
herethrough hereþruge ᛫ because of this ᛫ by this means ᛫ AV hērthurgh ME see: thereby
hereto ᛫ to this point matter or topic ᛫ regarding this point matter or topic ᛫ AV ~ NE
heriot ᛫ military equipment ᛫ a return of military equipment ᛫ N ~[heregeatu] NE
herringbone ᛫ a patch of cirrocumulus clouds ᛫ N ~ NE
herry ᛫ to honour ᛫ to praise ᛫ to extol ᛫ to celebrate ᛫ V ~[herian] ANE
herryendly ᛫ laudable ᛫ AJ herigendlice[herigendlīc] ME
hers ᛫ theirs ᛫ N(PRO) hē̆res/hirs ME or: "hern", from a Middle English alternative
herstpan ᛫ a frying pan ᛫ N hearstepanne OE
herthbelly herþbelly ᛫ a scrotum ᛫ N herþbelig OE
herthen herþen ᛫ testicles ᛫ N herþan OE or: herths ᛫ this word is always plural
hest ᛫ behest ᛫ a command ᛫ an injunction ᛫ an order ᛫ a precept ᛫ N ~[hē̆st][hǣs] NE final T appears c1200 and was usual by c1300 according to MEC
hew heƿ ᛫ a family or household member ᛫ a relative ᛫ a domestic ᛫ a servant ᛫ a retainer ᛫ N hewe ME
hew heƿ ᛫ to chop at ᛫ to chop down ᛫ to shape ᛫ to form ᛫ to conform ᛫ to forge ᛫ V ~ NE
hewcouth heƿcooþ ᛫ familiar ᛫ AJ hīwcūþ OE
hewish heƿisc ᛫ a family ᛫ a household ᛫ N hīwisc OE
hewn heƿn ᛫ blue ᛫ azure ᛬ of blue hue ᛫ of azure hue ᛫ N᛬AJ hǣwen&hǣwen ME&OE
hewnbill heƿnbill ᛫ an Aythya marila or Aythya affinis bird ( a scaup ) ᛫ N bluebill ME+NE
hewngreen heƿngreen ᛫ blue-green ᛫ cyan ᛫ AJ hǣwengrēne OE
hewster heƿster ᛫ a dyer ᛫ N heuster ME
hex ᛫ a curse ᛬ to curse ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹HG kin: hag
hext ᛫ highest ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hide ᛫ skin ᛫ N ~ NE
hidel ᛫ a secret place ᛫ a hiding place ᛫ a refuge ᛫ N hī̆del/hī̆dels[hydels] ME&OE
hideleech hideleec ᛫ a dermatologist ᛫ N hide+leech NE×2 or: skinleech (Norse influence)
hideyield hideyeeld ᛫ property tax ( tax paid on every hide ) ᛫ N hīdgild OE
hidlings ᛫ secret ᛫ clandestine ᛬ in secret ᛫ secretly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
hie ᛫ to hasten ᛫ to go quickly ᛫ V ~[hīen][hīgian] NE [MW]
hield heeld ᛫ favour ᛫ affection ᛫ good will ᛫ N hēlde ME
high hige ᛫ to esteem ᛫ to honour ᛫ to exalt ᛫ V heien/highen ME
high end hige ᛫ of the highest quality ᛫ AJ ~ NE
highblown higebloƿn ᛫ pretentious ᛫ grandiloquent ᛫ exaggerated ᛫ AJ high-blown NE
highborn higeborn ᛫ of noble birth ᛫ of royal birth ᛫ of rich birth ᛫ patrician ᛫ AJ ~ NE
highfather higefaþer ᛫ a patriarch ᛫ N hēahfæder OE
highhall higehall ᛫ a palace ᛫ N hēah-heall OE
highhearted higehearted ᛫ insouciant ᛫ full of gaiety ᛫ full of courage or nobility ᛫ AJ highhearted&hēahheort NE&OE
highherd higeherd ᛫ a chief pastor ᛫ an archimandrite ᛫ N hēahhirde OE
highking higeking ᛫ a chief king or ruler ᛫ a king of kings ᛫ N ~ NE
highland higeland ᛫ a stretch of high or mountainous land ᛫ N ~ NE
highlight higeligt ᛫ to emphasize ᛫ to mark out ᛫ V ~ NE
highminded higeminded ᛫ proud ᛫ arrogant ᛫ haughty ᛫ imperious ᛫ sophisticated ᛫ cultured ᛫ noble ᛫ honourable ᛫ magnanimous ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
highmindedness higemindedness ᛫ pride ᛫ arrogance ᛫ haughtiness ᛫ imperiousness ᛫ sophistication ᛫ nobility ᛫ honourableness ᛫ magnamity ᛫ N - NE [OED]
highmoody higemoody ᛫ proud ᛫ lofty ᛫ haughty ᛫ AJ hēahmōd+y OE
highmother higemoþer ᛫ a matriarch ᛫ N high+mother{hēahfæder} NE×2
highseld higeseld ᛫ a throne ᛫ a position of high rank ᛫ N hēahseld OE
highstrung higestrung ᛫ tense ᛫ stressed ᛫ nervous ᛫ intense ᛫ type A ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
hight higt ᛫ haste ᛫ hurry ᛫ N highthe[hīgþ] ME kin: hie
hight higt ᛫ expectation ᛫ hope ᛬ to expect ᛫ to hope ᛫ N᛬V hight&highten[hyht/hiht] ME&ME
hightide higtide ᛫ a culminating point ᛫ a climax ᛫ N ~ NE
hightle higtel ᛫ to adorn ᛫ to embellish ᛫ to ornament ᛫ to illuminate a book ᛫ V hightlen&highten ME&ME
highwayman higeƿayman ᛫ a bandit ᛫ a brigand ᛫ N ~ NE
hild ᛫ to skin ᛫ to flay ᛫ to peel ᛫ V hilden[hyldan] ME
hild ᛫ battle ( poetic) ᛫ war ( poetic) ᛫ N hild OE
hildlate ᛫ one sluggish in war ᛫ one slow to fight ᛫ a coward ᛫ N hildlata OE agent suffix likely would have dropped
hildspel ᛫ a speech given before battle ? ᛫ a story about battle ? ᛫ N hildespell OE
hilk ᛫ a bend ᛫ a turn ᛫ a winding ᛫ curvature ᛫ anfractus ᛫ N hylc OE
hill ᛫ to cover ᛫ to put a roof on ᛫ to clothe ᛫ to deck out ᛫ V hilen ME‹N
hilling ᛫ cover ᛫ a cover ᛫ covering ᛫ N hilinge ME‹N
hillock ᛫ a small hill ᛫ N ~ NE
hilt ᛫ the handle of a sword ᛬ to provide with a hilt ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
himmel ᛫ a Humulus lupulus plant ( hummel ) ᛫ N himele[hymele] ME
hin ᛫ him ( accusative ) ᛫ N(PRO) hine ME
hind ᛫ rear ᛫ posterior ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hind ᛫ a female deer ᛫ N ~[hind] NE
hind ᛫ a rustic ᛫ a farm worker ᛫ a peasant ᛫ N hind[hīne] NE [CED][MW]
hindberry ᛫ a raspberry ᛫ N ~{hindberige} NE
hindbrain ᛫ the rhombencephalon ᛫ N ~ NE
hinder ᛫ to obstruct ᛫ to impede ᛫ V ~ NE
hindering ᛫ a hinderance ᛫ N ~ NE
hinderland ᛫ a hinterland ᛫ an uncharted land ᛫ a land surrounding a town or port ᛫ N Hinterland NE‹HG
hinderling ᛫ a wretch ᛫ a lowly person or beast ᛫ N ~ NE begat "hilding"?
hindersome hindersum ᛫ obstructive ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
hindgut ᛫ the caudal part of the alimentary canal of an embryo including the colon and the rectum ᛫ N ~ NE
hindlook ᛫ an afterlook ᛫ a look in review ᛫ N ~ NE
hindneck ᛫ the nape ( esp of birds ) ᛫ N ~ NE
hindsight hindsigt ᛫ retrospect ᛫ N ~ NE
hinge hincg ᛫ a central or pivotal point or principle on which things depend ᛬ to depend on ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
hinx ᛫ a horse ᛫ N hengest[hengest] ME kin: henchman
hipping ᛫ a diaper ᛫ a nappy ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
hipple hippel ᛫ a small heap ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
hipwark hipƿark ᛫ sciatica ᛫ N hipwerc OE
hird ᛫ a family ᛫ a household ᛫ a retinue ᛫ a court ( those in the court not the physical court ) ᛫ N hīred[hīrēd] ME equivilent to: hew+-red
hirdman ᛫ a member of a king's household or court ᛫ a retainer ᛫ a courtier ᛫ N hiredman ME
hire ᛫ wages ᛫ payment ᛬ to employ ᛫ to engage the service of ᛫ N:V ~ NE [OED]
hireling ᛫ employee ᛫ N ~ NE
hirer ᛫ an employer ᛫ N ~ NE
hirn ᛫ a corner ᛫ a niche ᛫ a remote place ᛫ a cranny ᛫ a recess ᛫ an intricacy ᛫ N hī̆rn[hyrne] ME
hirnstone ᛫ a cornerstone ᛫ N hyrnstān OE
hirst ᛫ to fry ᛫ V hirsten[hierstan] ME
hirst ᛫ equipment ( esp things like armour and weapons but also ornaments ) ᛬ to equip ᛫ to ornament ᛫ N᛬V hyrst&hyrstan OE
hiss ᛫ a young man ᛫ N hyse OE
hit up ᛫ to contact ( usually for a service or for socializing ) ᛫ V ~ NE
hitch hic ᛫ a problem ᛫ a snag ᛫ N ~ NE
hithe hiþe ᛫ a river harbour ᛫ a river landing place ᛫ N ~[hȳþ] NE
hithe hiþe ᛫ to plunder ᛫ to ravage ᛫ to pillage ᛫ to lay waste to ᛫ V hȳþan OE
hither hiþer ᛫ to this place ᛫ AV ~ NE
hithercoming hiþercoming ᛫ arrival to this place ᛫ N ~ NE
hitherto hiþerto ᛫ up to this time ᛫ AV ~ NE
hitman ᛫ a hired killer ᛫ an assassin ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E) [OED]
hoad ᛫ a person ᛫ a character in a story ᛫ a sex ᛫ a state ᛫ a condition ᛫ a rank ᛫ a degree ᛫ N hōde&hād ME&OE becomes: hood as a suffix
hoam ᛫ a cricket ᛫ N hāma&hyllhāma OE&OE kin: heimo (OHG); Heime (NHG rare)
hoar ᛫ light grey ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hoard ᛫ a collection of valuable things ᛫ treasure ᛬ to accumulate ᛫ to amass ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
hoardcleeve hoardcleef ᛫ a treasure room or chamber ᛫ a treasury ᛫ N hordclēofa OE
hoardcove hoardcofe ᛫ a place for treasure ᛫ a place where thoughts are stored ᛫ N hordcōfa OE
hoarder ᛫ one who hoards ᛫ a treasurer ᛫ N horder&hordere NE&OE
hoardern ᛫ a storage place ᛫ a storeroom ᛫ a storehouse ᛫ N hordern OE
hoardlock ᛫ a treasure chest ᛫ a coffer ᛫ N hordloca OE
hoardvat hoardfatt ᛫ a vessel for holding treasure ᛫ N hordfæt OE
hoarfrost ᛫ frozen dew ᛫ N ~ NE
hoarstone ᛫ a stone designating the bounds of an estate ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
hoary ᛫ old fashioned ᛫ musty ᛫ moldy ᛫ grey with age ᛫ outdated [ᚹ] ᛫ obsolete [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hobnob ᛫ to mix socially ( esp with those of higher status ) ᛫ V ~ NE
hock ᛫ the hollow behind the knee ᛫ the popliteal region ᛬ to hamstring ᛫ N᛬V ~[hōh] NE or: hough
hode ᛫ to ordain ᛫ to consecrate ᛫ V hōden[hādian] ME
hoder ᛫ clear ᛫ serene ᛫ AJ hādor OE kin: heiðr (Icelandic)
hoff ᛫ a house ᛫ a palace ᛫ a court ᛫ N hof OE kin: hovel
hogger ᛫ a swineherd ᛫ N ~ NE
hogreeve hogreef ᛫ an official charged with preventing or appraising damage done by stray swine ᛫ N ~ NE
hogsfennel ᛫ a Peucedanum officinale plant ᛫ N hog's fennel NE
hogshead ᛫ a large barrel ᛫ a large cask ᛫ a unit of volume ( 52.5 imperial gallons for wine , 54 imperial gallons for beer ) ᛫ N ~ NE
hogwash hogƿasc ᛫ nonsense ᛫ N ~ NE
hold ᛫ graciously ᛫ kindly ᛫ faithfully ᛫ AJ holde[holde] ME
hold ᛫ inclined ( literal and figurative ) ᛫ AJ heald OE
holdall ᛫ a carryall ᛫ an encyclopaedia ᛫ N ~ NE
holdend ᛫ a keeper ( as in a guardian ) ᛫ N healdend OE
holder ᛫ a container ᛫ a possessor ᛫ N ~ NE
holding ᛫ asset ᛫ N ~ NE
holdship holdscip ᛫ loyalty ᛫ fealty ᛫ allegiance ᛫ N holdscipe OE
hole ᛫ to obtain ᛫ V hōlen&geholian ME&OE
holet ᛫ to greet ᛫ to salute ᛫ V hālettan OE
holibone ᛫ a sacrum ᛫ N holybone NE
holiday ᛫ vacation ᛫ N ~ NE
Holimonth Holimonþ ᛫ September ᛫ N(P) haligmonaþ OE or: Harvestmonth
holiness ᛫ sanctity ᛫ N ~ NE
holirope ᛫ Eupatorium cannabinum ( hemp-agrimony ) ᛫ N ~ ANE
Holiwere Holiƿere ᛫ Saint Cuthbert of Lindisfarne ᛫ N(P) Hālīwer ME rhyme: hall-a-ware
holk ᛫ a hollow ᛫ a cavity ᛬ to dig up ᛫ to excavate ᛫ to hollow out ᛫ N᛬V holk[holc]&holken ME&ME
hollow holloƿ ᛫ a cavity ᛫ a hole ᛫ a small valley ᛬ to make or become hollow ᛬ concave ᛫ sunken ᛫ insincere ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~ NE
holm ᛫ an islet ( esp one in a river ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
holm ᛫ a sea ᛫ an ocean ᛫ a lake ᛫ N holm OE modern "holm" is from Norse
Holmrye ᛫ one of the Rugii ᛫ N(P) Holmrygum OE
holt ᛫ a forested hill ᛫ a copse ᛫ N ~ NE
holy ᛫ sacred ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Holy Father Faþer ᛫ the Pope ᛫ N ~ NE
home in ᛫ to focus on ᛫ to track ᛫ to get closer to that which is being chased ᛫ V ~ NE
homefear ᛫ oikophobia ᛫ ecophobia ᛫ N home+fear NE×2
homeheast ᛫ domestic violence ᛫ N home+heast NE+OE
homely ᛫ domestic ᛫ not elaborate or complex ᛫ plain or unattractive in appearance ᛫ AJ ~ NE
homespun ᛫ homely ᛫ unsophisticated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
homeware homeƿare ᛫ furniture utensils and decorative objects for domestic use ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
homewares homeƿares ᛫ furnishings for the home such as furniture ᛫ N ~ NE
hone ᛫ delay ᛫ hesitation ᛫ N hōne ME‹C morphed into "wone" in some dialects
hone ᛫ a sharpening stone ᛬ to sharpen ᛫ to refine or to master a skill ᛫ to make more effective ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
honeybear hunnybear ᛫ a kinkajou ᛫ N honey bear NE
honeywort hunnyƿurt ᛫ a Galium cruciatum plant ᛫ N ~ NE
hoo ᛫ she ᛫ N(PRO) ~[heo] NE found in West Yorkshire and Lancashire
hoodwink hoodƿink ᛫ to trick ᛫ to deceive ᛫ V ~ NE
hoof ᛫ the covering that encloses the feet of ungulate mammals ᛬ to dance ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [MW]
hoofdeer ᛫ an ungulate ᛫ an animal of the clade Ungulata ᛫ N hoof+deer NE×2 calque: hoefdier, Huftier
hookbone ᛫ a hamate bone ᛫ N hook+bone NE×2 calque: haakvormig been; Hakenbein
hooker ᛫ a feeling of offence ᛫ mockery ᛫ scorn ᛫ derision ᛫ abusive talk ᛫ N hōker[hōcer] ME
hooks ᛫ parentheses ( ( ) ) ᛫ brackets ( [ ] ) ᛫ braces ( { } ) ᛫ chevrons ( ⟨ ⟩ ) ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
hooky ᛫ catchy ᛫ easily recalled ᛫ AJ ~ NE
hool ᛫ vain speech ᛫ slander ᛫ calumny ᛬ to speak evil of ᛫ to slander ᛫ to calumniate ᛫ N᛬V hōl&hōlian OE
hoose ᛫ an escort ᛫ a company ᛫ a troop ᛫ a band ᛫ a party ᛫ N hōs OE
hopelessness ᛫ despair ᛫ N ~ NE
hophead ᛫ a drug addict ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
hopper ᛫ a seed basket used by a sower ᛫ N hopper ME
hore ᛫ filth ᛫ dirt ᛫ mud ᛫ slime ᛫ muck ᛫ crud ᛫ N hore[horh] ME
hore ᛫ to defile ᛫ to defoul ᛫ to pollute ᛫ to corrupt ᛫ to become corrupt ᛫ V hō̆rien ME
horehound horehund ᛫ a Marrubium vulgare plant ᛫ N ~[horhoune][hārhūne] NE sometimes called "white horehound"
horewort horeƿurt ᛫ a Filago germanica plant ? ᛫ N hōrwort ME
horn ᛫ a telephone (slang) ᛫ N ~ NE especially in the saying "on the horn"
hornen ᛫ made of horn ᛫ AJ hornen ME
horning ᛫ fornication ᛫ N hornung OE
horningson horningsun ᛫ a bastard son ᛫ N hornungsunu OE kin: Hornung (German)
hornkin ᛫ a Hörnchen ᛫ a croissant ᛫ a kifli ᛫ a kipfel ᛫ N horn+kin NE×2 calque: Hörnchen
hornnose ᛫ a rhinoceros ᛫ N horne nose NE
horny ᛫ sexually aroused ᛫ AJ ~ NE
horrow horroƿ ᛫ foul ᛫ dirty ᛫ filthy ᛫ slanderous ᛫ AJ horrow ANE earlier: hory
horse hors ᛫ a horse ( esp a male horse ) ᛫ a stallion ᛫ N ~ NE see: mare ᛫ male connotation retored as "stallion" may have dampened it
horsed • mounted ( on horseback ) • N ~ NE [OED]
horsefeathers horsfeaþers ᛫ nonsense ᛫ balderdash ᛫ N ~ NE
horseflesh horsflesc • chevaline • N ~ NE [OED]
horseheal horsheal • an Inula helenium plant ( elecampane ) • N horseheale ANE [OED]
horseleech horsleec ᛫ a horse doctor ᛫ a farrier ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
horsely horsly • equine • caballine • chevaline • AJ ~[horsli] ANE [OED]
horseman horsman ᛫ an equestrian ᛫ N ~ NE
horsemanship horsmanscip • equestrianism • equitation • N ~ NE [OED]
horsemen horsmen • cavalry • N ~ NE [OED]
horseracer horsraser • a jockey • N horse-racer NE [OED] ᛫ non-norse: horsereaser
horsern horsern ᛫ a stable ᛫ N horsern OE
horsethane horsþane ᛫ an officer in charge of horses ᛫ a marshal ( in the old sense of a horse officer ) ᛫ N horsþegn OE
horsewhale horshƿale ᛫ walrus ᛫ N horshwæl OE "walrus" is Norse
horsh horsc ᛫ quick-witted ᛫ mentally sharp ᛫ AJ horsc OE
hose ᛫ a legging ᛫ N hose&hōse NE&ME see: hosen
hosen ᛫ pants ᛫ trousers ᛫ stockings ᛫ greaves N hosen&hōse NE&ME or: hoses
hote ᛫ to designate ᛫ to name ᛫ to be designated ᛫ to be named ᛫ V hōten ME PST: hight; hoted; hote ᛫ PTCP: hight; hoten; hote
hough huge ᛫ a promontory ᛫ N hough[hōh] ME rhyme: plough
hound hund ᛫ a canine ᛫ N ~ NE
houndberry hundberry ᛫ a Solanum nigrum berry ( a European black nightshade berry ) ᛫ N hǒundberī[hundesberie] ME
houndfear hundfear ᛫ cynophobia ᛫ N hound+fear NE×2
houndfish hundfisc ᛫ the Tylosurus crocodilus fish ᛫ N ~ NE
hounding hunding ᛫ a cynocephalus ( a mythological dogheaded man ) ᛫ N hounding ME
Hounding Hunding ᛫ one of the Hundings ᛫ N(P) Hūndings OE
houndly hundly ᛫ canine ᛫ AJ ~ NE
houndshead hundshead ᛫ an Antirrhinum plant ( snapdragon ) ᛫ N hundes hēafod OE
houndstongue hundstung ᛫ a Cynoglossum officinale plant ᛫ N hound's tongue NE
hour hure ᛫ especially ᛫ particularly ᛫ AV hūre[hūru] ME the H is pronounced
housebreach husebreac ᛫ burglary ᛫ N ~[hūsbrice] NE
housechurl husecerl ᛫ a housecarl ᛫ a huskarl ᛫ N house+churl NE calque: huskarl.
housecraft husecraft ᛫ domestic science ᛫ N ~ NE
housedeer husedeer ᛫ a pet ( an animal kept for company ) ᛫ N house+deer NE×2 calque: hûsdier
housefather husefaþer • the male head of a household • a patriarch • a paterfamilias • N ~ NE [OED]
housel husel ᛫ an offering to a god ᛫ Eucharist material ᛬ to offer to a god ᛫ to take or to give Eucharist material ᛫ N ~ NE old heathen meaning was Christianised
houselady huselady ᛫ the mistress of a house ᛫ N ~ NE
houseldish huseldisc ᛫ a paten ( a Eucharist plate ) ᛫ N hūseldisc OE
houselord huselord ᛫ the master of a house ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
houselthane huselþane ᛫ an acolyte ᛫ N hūselþegn OE
housemonger husemonger ᛫ a real estate agent ᛫ an estate agent ᛫ a realtor ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
housemother husemoþer • the female head of a household • a matriarch • a materfamilias • N ~ NE [OED]
houser huser ᛫ a member of a household ᛫ N hūsa OE
housewares huseƿares ᛫ domestic utensils ( esp for the kitchen ) ᛫ N ~ NE
houth huþe ᛫ prey ᛫ spoils ᛫ booty ᛫ N hūþe OE
hove hof ᛫ a headdress ᛫ a coif ᛫ a turban [ᚹ] ᛫ N hǒuve[hūfe] ME rhyme: dove
hove hof ᛫ to float ᛫ to hover ᛫ to flutter in the air ᛫ to lie in wait ᛫ to lurk ᛫ V hove ME rhyme: glove? ᛫ kin: hover
hove hof ᛫ moderation ᛫ discretion ᛫ N họ̄f ME‹N
hovel hofel ᛫ a shed ᛫ a cottage ᛫ a small house ᛫ a low quality house ᛫ N ~ NE
hover hofer ᛫ to float ᛫ to hang above something ᛫ V ~ NE
hover hofer ᛫ a hump ᛫ a swelling ᛫ a humpback ᛬ humped ᛫ humpbacked ᛫ gibbous ᛫ N᛬AJ hofer OE rhyme: over
how hoƿ ᛫ anxiety ᛫ N hou[hoga] ME rhyme: snow
how hoƿ ᛫ to intend ᛫ purpose ᛫ to long after ᛫ V ho&houen[hogian]{hycgan} NE&ME rhyme: snow
how hoƿ ᛫ to survey ᛫ to inspect ᛫ to view ᛫ to observe ᛫ V hāwian&gehāwian OE&OE rhyme: snow
Hown Hune ᛫ a Hun ᛫ N(P) Hūnas OE
hub ᛫ a focal point ᛫ a center of activity ᛫ the central part of a wheel or circle ᛫ N ~ NE‹?
huckster ᛫ a peddler ᛫ a petty merchant ᛫ N ~ NE‹‹OE?NL?
hue heƿ ᛫ a colour ᛫ N hue NE
huer heƿer ᛫ toner ᛫ N hue+er NE×2
hulk ᛫ a hut ᛫ a hovel ᛫ a cabin ᛫ a trading ship ᛫ a warship ᛫ a huge and clumsy person or creature ᛫ N hulk[hulc] ME‹OE some claim this word comes from Italic, but this is doubtful
hulking ᛫ bulky ᛫ unwieldy ᛫ lumbering ᛫ gigantic ᛫ huge ᛫ enormous ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹‹OE‹I [OED]
hulstry ᛫ latebrosus ᛫ dark ᛫ secret ᛫ AJ heolstrig OE
hundred ᛫ a division of a county with its own court ᛫ a territorial division containing one hundred homesteads ᛫ N ~ NE
hundreds alder ᛫ a centurion ᛫ N hundredes ealdor OE
Hungery ᛫ Hungaria ᛫ Hungary ᛫ N(P) Hungerie OE or: Ungerland (OE alternative)
hunter's moon ᛫ a full moon that follows right after the September equinox ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
hunth hunþ ᛫ catch ᛫ prey ᛫ game ᛫ N huntaþ OE
hurdle hurdel ᛫ a lattice ᛫ a barrier frame ( often used for jumping over in sports ) ᛫ N ~ NE
hurl ᛫ a downward rush ᛫ a rush of water ᛬ to rush ᛫ to throw with great force ᛫ to vomit ᛫ N᛬V hurl&hurl&hurlen NE&ME&ME
Huron Mere Heƿron Mere ᛫ Lake Huron ᛫ N(P) Huron+mere NE‹O+NE
hurst ᛫ a copse ᛫ a grove ᛫ a sandbank ᛫ a sandbar ᛫ N ~ NE
hursting ᛫ a vessel for frying ᛫ N hursting ME
hurtleberry hurtelberry ᛫ a berry from a Vaccinium myrtillus plant ᛫ a bilberry ᛫ a European blueberry ᛫ a blaeberry ᛫ a whimberry ᛫ N ~[hurtleberry][hurtilberye] NE or: whortleberry
husband ᛫ a married man ᛫ a cultivator ᛬ to manage prudently and economically ᛫ to use sparingly ᛫ to conserve ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹N
husbandcraft ᛫ husbandry ᛫ management and conservation of resources ᛫ N husband+craft NE×2 calque: husbandry
husbanding ᛫ cultivation ᛫ tillage ᛫ farming ᛫ careful management ᛫ N ~ NE
husbandman ᛫ farmer ᛫ N ~ NE
hussy ᛫ an imprudent or immoral girl or woman ᛫ N ~[husewif] NE doublet: housewife
husting ᛫ a deliberative assembly or council ᛫ a platform where candidates in an election give speeches ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
hustings ᛫ a husting ᛫ an election campaign ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
hux ᛫ an insult ᛫ an insulting remark ᛫ a jeer ᛫ mockery ᛫ N hux[husc] ME
huxly ᛫ in an insulting or derisive manner ᛫ mockingly ᛫ AV huxlīce[huxlic] ME
huxy ᛫ insulting ᛫ AJ hux+y ME+NE
hy ᛫ they ᛫ N(PRO) hē/hy/hie[hīe] ME rhyme: pie
hye ᛫ thought ᛫ mind ( as in inclination or desire ) ᛫ N hie/hige[hyge] ME
hyeless ᛫ thoughtless ᛫ mindless ᛫ foolish ᛫ AJ hygelēas ME
ice flow ise ᛫ a flow or stream of ice ᛫ a glacier ᛫ N ~ NE
ice fox ise ᛫ a Vulpes lagopus mammal ( an arctic fox ) ᛫ N ~ NE
ice island ise iland ᛫ an iceberg ᛫ N ~[island of ice] NE
ice shoal ise scoal ᛫ an ice floe ᛫ N ~ NE floe is Norse
icebarrow isebarroƿ ᛫ an iceberg ᛫ N ice+barrow NE×2 calque: ijsberg
icebear isebear ᛫ a polar bear ᛫ N ~ NE note: ijsbeer
icebird isebird ᛫ an Alle alle bird ᛫ a little auk ᛫ a dovekie ᛫ a rotch ᛫ a rotche ᛫ N ice-bird NE [OED] ᛫ auk is Norse
icebound isebund ᛫ frozen in ᛫ N ~ NE
iceclaws iseclaƿs ᛫ crampons ᛫ N ice-claws NE [OED]
Iceland Iseland ᛫ Iceland ᛫ N Iceland NE
Icelandish Iselandisc ᛫ Icelandic ᛫ N Iceland+ish NE×2
iceweasten iseƿeasten ᛫ a stretch of polar desert ᛫ N ice+wēsten NE+ME
ickle ickel ᛫ a piece of ice ᛫ N ikel ME found in "icicle"
ides ᛫ a magical woman ? ᛫ a demi-goddess ? ᛫ a female ancestral spirit ? ᛫ N ides OE
idish idisc ᛫ supellex ᛫ household stuff ᛫ furniture ᛫ furnishings ᛫ utensils ᛫ N īdisc OE rhyme: eye dish
idle idel ᛫ inactive ᛫ ineffective ᛫ unimportant ᛫ pointless ᛫ vain ᛫ AJ idle&idel NE&OE
idlewolder idelƿulder ᛫ vainglory ᛫ N īdel wuldor OE
idy ᛫ busy ᛫ active ᛫ AJ idig OE
iffy ᛫ of dubious authenticity legitimacy or reliability ᛫ dubious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Ihood ᛫ conscious personality ᛫ the ego ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX] ᛫ "earliest use found in John Sparrow (1615–1670)" - Lexico
ild ᛫ mankind ᛫ N ilde/ylde OE
ile ᛫ a granule ᛫ N ile&egl NE&OE
ile ᛫ a hedgehog ᛫ N igil OE
Iliamna Mere ᛫ Iliamna Lake ᛫ N(P) Iliamna+mere NE‹O+NE
ilk ᛫ same ᛫ identical ᛫ AJ ~ ME "same" is Norse
ilk ᛫ a race ᛫ a kind ᛫ a sort ᛫ a type ᛫ N ~ NE
ilkhatred ᛫ racism ᛫ N ilk+hatred NE×2
ill ᛫ a sole of a foot ᛫ N ile/yle&ile ME&OE kin: il (Icelandic)
illwill illƿill ᛫ spite ᛫ rancour ᛫ N ~ NE
illy ᛫ poorly ᛫ AV ~ NE
ilvet ilfet ᛫ a swan ᛫ N ilfette OE
Imber ᛫ one of the Ambrones ᛫ N(P) Ymbrum OE
imen ᛫ a hymn ᛫ N imne[ymen] ME "h" form is from the Latin word
imm imm ᛫ a gem ᛫ a precious stone ᛫ a gemstone ᛫ a jewel ᛫ N yimme[gim] ME
immwright immƿrigt ᛫ a jeweller ᛫ N yim+wright ME+NE calque: gemwright
imp ᛫ to graft ᛫ to engraft ᛫ to implant ᛫ to inlay ᛫ to vaccinate [ᚹ] ᛫ to inoculate [ᚹ] ᛫ V ~ NE‹‹Þ‹I widened meaning borrowed from NL enten and HG impfen
impshaft impscaft ᛫ a vaccine ᛫ an inoculum ᛫ N imp+shaft ME+NE calque: entstof; Impfstoff
in ᛫ to include ᛫ V geinnian{innian} OE or: yin (unrealistic/fanciful)
in being ᛫ in essence ᛫ essentially ᛫ basically ᛫ AV in being ME
in keeping with ƿiþ ᛫ in accordance with ᛫ P ~ NE
in kind ᛫ in the form of goods rather than money ᛬ in the same way ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
in name ᛫ nominally ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
in the end þe ᛫ ultimately ᛫ AV ~ NE
in the flesh flesc ᛫ in person ᛫ AV ~ NE
in tow toƿ ᛫ accompanying ᛫ following behind ᛫ AV ~ NE
in truth treƿþ ᛫ actually ᛫ AV ~ NE
inbed ᛫ to embed ᛫ V in+bed NE‹(I+E)
inblow inbloƿ ᛫ to inflate ᛫ V inblouen ME
inborn ᛫ innate ᛫ native ᛫ inherited by birth ᛫ pertaining to by birth ᛫ AJ ~ NE
inbosom ᛫ to enclose ᛫ to conceal ᛫ to shelter ᛫ to embrace ᛫ to envelop ᛫ V imbosom NE
inbow inboƿ ᛫ to arch ᛫ to curve ᛫ to incline ᛫ V inbouen ME [OED]
inbowed inboƿed ᛫ concave ᛫ bent inwards ᛫ AJ inbowed ENE [OED]
inbowing inboƿing ᛫ curvature ᛫ N inbowyng ME [OED]
inbreak ᛫ an invasion ᛫ an incursion ᛬ to break in ᛫ to make an incursion ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
inbreathe inbreaþe ᛫ to inhale ᛫ to inspire ᛫ V ~ NE
inbring ᛫ to bring in ᛫ to introduce ᛫ to confiscate legally ᛫ V ~ NE
ince ins ᛫ an ounce ᛫ N yntse[uncia] OE‹I
inchmeal incmeal ᛫ inch by inch ᛫ little by little ᛫ gradually ᛫ ADV inch+meal NE
income incum ᛫ to enter ᛫ V incomen ME PST: incame ᛫ PTCP: income
incomer incummer ᛫ an immigrant ᛫ N ~ NE
incund ᛫ internal ᛫ AJ incund OE
indearing ᛫ endearing ᛫ cute ᛫ AJ endearing NE
Indish Indisc ᛫ Indian speech ᛬ Indian ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Ī̆ndish ME‹O
Indonesia ᛫ Indonesia ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹O or: Nusantara
indwell indƿell ᛫ to possess ( as in spiritual possession ) ᛫ to dwell within ᛫ V ~ NE
Indy ᛫ India ᛫ N(P) Ī̆nde/Yndee ME‹O
ineard ᛫ to dwell ᛫ to inhabit ᛫ V ineardian OE
infall ᛫ an incursion ᛫ N ~ NE
infare ᛫ an entrance ᛫ an invasion ᛫ an incursion ᛫ an inroad ᛫ a wedding reception ᛬ to invade ᛫ to enter ᛫ N᛬V infare&infaru&inferan NE&OE&OE
inflow infloƿ ᛫ an influx ᛫ N ~ NE
infold ᛫ to involve ᛫ to embroil ᛫ V infōlden ME poorly attested
ing ᛫ a meadow ( esp when near a river ) ᛫ N ~[ing/eng] NE
ing ᛫ -tion ᛫ -ation ᛫ -sion ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
ingang ᛫ an entrance ᛫ an entryway ᛫ an admission ᛫ permission to enter ᛫ access ᛫ N ~ NE
ingle ingel ᛫ an angel ᛫ N engel ME‹I‹H‹?
ingly ᛫ angelic ᛫ AJ engellīc OE
ingrave ingrafe ᛫ to engrave ᛫ to inscribe ᛫ V ~ NE
ingraving ingrafing ᛫ an engraving ᛫ an inscription ᛫ N ~ NE
inhide ᛫ thought ᛫ conscience ᛫ intent ᛫ intention ᛫ intentional purpose ᛫ N inihīd[ingehȳd] ME
inhold ᛫ to contain ᛫ to possess ᛫ V ~ NE
inholding ᛫ content ᛫ N ~ NE
ink ᛫ you two ( accusative ) ᛫ N(PRO) inc ME
inker ᛫ your ( dual you two's ) ᛫ N(PRO) incer OE
inkers ᛫ yours ( dual you two's ) ᛫ N(PRO) incer OE
inkhorn ᛫ a fancy word borrowed into English though it is not needed ᛫ N ~ NE‹(H+E)
inkle inkel ᛫ to suspect ᛫ N᛬V inkling NE
inkling ᛫ suspicion ᛫ N ~ NE
inkselves inkselfs ᛫ you two's selves ᛫ N(PRO) inc seluen ME
inlander ᛫ a native ᛫ N inlenda OE
inlandish inlandisc ᛫ native ᛫ indigenous ᛫ AJ inlendisc OE
inlay ᛫ to ornament by embedding ᛫ V ~ NE
inleek ᛫ an Allium cepa plant ( an onion ) ᛫ N hinnelēac[ynnelēac] ME
inlet ᛫ a small arm of the sea a lake or a river ᛫ a place or means of entry ᛫ N ~ NE
inlighten inligten ᛫ to enlighten ᛫ V ~[inlī̆ghtnen] NE
inlightening inligtening ᛫ enlightenment ᛫ N inlighten+ing ME+NE
inlying ᛫ situated within or inside ᛫ interior ᛫ AJ ~ NE [CED]
inname ᛫ an endonym ᛫ an autonym ᛫ N in+name NE+NE
innard ᛫ an inner working of something ( such as an organ ) ᛫ N ~ NE from: inwards
innards ᛫ interior parts or components of something ( esp working parts and organs ) ᛫ N ~[inwards] NE
inner ᛫ internal ᛫ interior ᛫ AJ ~ NE
innoth innoþ ᛫ a womb ᛫ entrails ᛫ a gall bladder ᛫ inner workings ᛫ hidden causes ᛫ N innoth[innoþ] ME
input ᛫ an insertion ᛬ to insert ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
inroad ᛫ an incursion ᛫ N ~ NE
inrown inrune ᛫ to encrypt ᛫ V in+rown NE×2 calque: encrypt
inruning ᛫ encryption ᛫ N in+rown+ing NE×3 calque: encryption
insail ᛫ a seal ᛫ a signet ᛬ to seal ( to place a seal upon ) ᛫ N᛬V insegel&inseglian OE&OE
inset ᛫ to implant ᛫ V insetten ME
insight insigt ᛫ a deep and accurate understanding of something ᛫ N ~ NE
insooth insooþ ᛫ really ᛫ actually ᛫ AV ~ NE [LEX]
instep ᛫ an entrance ᛫ N instæpe OE
intangling ᛫ entanglement ᛫ N in+tangle+ing NE×3
inthrutch inþruc ᛫ an impression ᛫ N in+thrutch NE+ME calque: Eindruck; indruk
inting ᛫ a cause ( a reason something happens ) ᛫ N intinge&intinga ME&OE
inward inƿard ᛫ internal ᛬ towards the inside ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
inwardly inƿardly ᛫ internal ᛬ internally ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
inwid inƿid ᛫ fraud ᛫ guile ᛫ deceit ᛫ a malicious trick ᛫ N inwid[inwit] OE
inwidful inƿidful ᛫ deceitful ᛫ guileful ᛫ malicious ᛫ evil ᛫ AJ inwitfull OE
inwit inƿit ᛫ conscience ᛫ N ~ NE
inwriting inƿriting ᛫ an inscription ᛫ N inwrītinge ME
inwrought inƿrougt ᛫ established ᛫ ingrained ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ipp ᛫ an elevated place ᛫ a stage ᛫ a platform ᛫ a dais ᛫ N uppe&yppe ME&OE
Iraq Irack ᛫ Iraq ᛫ N(P) Iraq NE‹O
Ires ᛫ Irishmen ᛫ N irās OE singular form not attested?
irl irl ᛫ a garment ᛫ attire ᛫ apparel ᛫ garments ᛫ N girela OE
iron cloth cloþ ᛫ mail ᛫ chainmail ᛫ N ~ NE
ironclad ᛫ covered or protected with iron ᛫ irrefutable ᛫ impossible to contradict ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ironroad ᛫ a railway ᛫ N ~ NE
irse ᛫ to anger ᛫ to provoke ᛫ to be angry ᛫ to rage ᛫ V irsien[irsian] ME
irth irþ ᛫ ploughing ᛫ tilling ᛫ farming ᛫ produce of a farm ᛫ a crop ᛫ N irþ OE
irthland irþland ᛫ farmland ᛫ arable land ᛫ N irþland OE
irthling irþling ᛫ a plougher ᛫ a tiller ᛫ a farmer ᛫ N irþling OE
isel ᛫ a spark ᛫ a cinder ᛫ an ember ᛫ ashes ᛫ ( when plural ) the ruins of a destroyed city ᛫ a cake or a pie baked under hot ashes ᛫ N īsel[ysle] ME survives as: aizle?
ish isc ᛫ -ian ᛫ -ic ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
island iland ᛫ an isle ᛫ N ~ NE
islandish ilandisc ᛫ insular ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Israelish Israelisc ᛫ Israeli ᛫ Israelite ᛫ AJ Israēlisc OE
iss iss ᛫ to covet ᛫ V yī̆tsen&gītsian ME&OE
issing issing ᛫ avarice ( an intense selfish desire for wealth or possessions ) ᛫ covetousness ᛫ N gītsung OE
ist ᛫ a tempest ᛫ a hurricane [ᚹ] ᛫ a typhoon [ᚹ] ᛫ a cyclone [ᚹ] ᛫ N ȳst OE
Ist ᛫ one of the Aesti ᛫ N(P) Istum OE
Italish Italisc ᛫ Italian ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
itch icc ᛫ a poisonous frog ᛫ N iche[ȳce] ME "icc" spelling follows the three letter rule, like inn/egg/ebb etc
ithe iþe ᛫ a wave ᛫ N īthe&ȳþ ME&OE
ithelidder iþelidder ᛫ a wave traverser ᛫ ship ᛫ N ȳþlida OE
ithelode iþelode ᛫ a way across the waves ᛫ a voyage ( poetic ) ᛫ N ȳþlād OE
ithing iþing ᛫ over-abundance ᛫ redundancy ᛫ an overflowing ᛫ N ȳþung OE
ivy ify ᛫ a Hedera helix plant ᛫ a Nepeta glechoma plant ᛫ N ivy&īvī NE&ME
kale ᛫ kale ᛫ N ~[cōl][cāl] NE‹ME‹OE‹I
kedlock ᛫ a Sinapis alba plant ( white mustard ) ᛫ N ~ NE
keel ᛫ to cool ᛫ to chill ᛫ V ~[cēlan] NE kin: cool
keel ᛫ to collapse ᛫ to faint ᛫ to fall ᛫ V ~ NE‹N
keeling ᛫ cooling ᛫ refreshment ᛫ N kẹ̄ling[cēling] ME
keep ᛫ attention ᛫ notice ᛫ concern ᛫ protection ᛫ vigilance ᛫ a donjon ( a central tower of a castle ) ᛫ a rook [ᚹ] ᛬ to retain ᛫ to care for ᛫ N᛬V keep&kēp NE&ME
keeper ᛫ a guardian ᛫ a custodian ᛫ N ~ NE
keepsake ᛫ a memento ᛫ a souvenir ᛫ N ~ NE
kemb ᛫ to comb ᛫ to neaten ᛫ to tidy up ᛫ to card ( to clean with a comb ) ᛫ V kemben ME found in: unkempt ᛫ kin: comb
kemp ᛫ a champion ᛫ a warrior ᛫ a fighter ᛬ to fight ᛫ N᛬V kemp&kempen NE&ME kin: champion
kemp ᛫ facial hair ᛫ whiskers ᛫ bristles of hair ᛫ coarse hair ᛫ N kemp&cenep NE&OE
kempt ᛫ maintained in a neat and clean condition ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ken ᛫ to beget ᛫ V kennen[acennan] ME
ken ᛫ one's knowledge , understanding , or sight ᛫ information ᛬ to know ᛫ to ascertain ᛫ to inform ᛫ to make known ᛫ to notify ᛫ N᛬V ken&kennen NE&ME [LEX]
kenbook ᛫ an encyclopedia ᛫ N ken+book NE×2
kench kenc ᛫ to laugh aloud ᛫ to jeer ᛫ V chinken/kenchen ME
kennend ᛫ a parent ᛫ N cennend OE literally begetter
kenness ᛫ one's nativity ᛫ N cenness OE
kenning ᛫ birth ᛫ incarnation ᛫ N akennednesse ME
kenning ᛫ a metaphor whereby a simple thing is described in an allusive way ᛫ N ~ NE‹N example: brimhengest (sea horse) = ship
kenningstow kenningstoƿ ᛫ a birthplace ᛫ N cenningstōw OE
kenningtide ᛫ the time of birth ᛫ N cenningtīd OE
kerf ᛫ the act of cutting ᛫ an incision ᛫ a niche ᛫ a notch ᛫ a slash ᛫ a tally ᛫ a level [ᚹ] ᛫ a degree in a ranking system [ᚹ] ᛫ N kerf&kirf[cyrf] NE&ME "tally" meaning inspired by German "Einkerbung"
kern ᛫ to form or bear grains or fruit ᛫ to granulate ᛫ to come to fruition ᛫ V kirnen[cyrnian/cyrnan] ME OED: ". . . cyrnian is apparently implied in the obscure gloss gecyrnode. . . Napier's O.E. Glosses 26/15."
kernel ᛫ a nucleus of a nut , a seed , or a fruit stone ᛫ a nucleus of an atom [ᚹ] ᛫ a granule ᛫ a nodule ᛫ a gland ᛫ a pathological lump ᛫ a tumor ᛫ N kernel&kirnel[cyrnel] NE&ME [OED]
key ᛫ a solution ᛬ crucial ᛫ indispensable ᛫ N ~ NE
keyboard ᛫ a panel of keys that operate a computer typewriter or instrument ᛫ a piano [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
keyharp ᛫ a clavichord ᛫ N key+harp NE×2 partial calque of clavichord, also by analogy of strikeharp
keystone ᛫ a cornerstone ᛫ N ~ NE
khagandom ᛫ a khaganate ᛫ N khagan+dom{khaganate} O+NE
khandom ᛫ a khanate ᛫ N khan+dom{khanate} O+NE
kickback ᛫ a bribe ᛫ N kick-back, kickback NE
kidneyleech kidneyleec ᛫ a nephrologist ᛫ N kidney+leech NE×2
killer whale hƿale ᛫ an Orca whale ᛫ N ~ NE
kiln ᛫ a furnace ᛫ N ~ NE‹ME‹OE‹I
kimmen ᛫ cumin ᛫ N cymen OE‹I‹?
kin ᛫ royal ᛫ AJ kine[cyne] ME
kin ᛫ regal- ᛫ PREFIX ~ ME
kin ᛫ ( diminutive suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE from Dutch?
kin ᛫ family members ᛫ a gender ( of nouns ) ᛫ N kin&cynn NE&OE
kinband ᛫ a royal crown ᛫ N cynebænd OE
kinbarn ᛫ a royal child ᛫ N kinebearn[cynebearn] NE
kinbench kinbenc ᛫ a throne ᛫ N kinebenche ME
kinborn ᛫ of royal birth ᛫ AJ kiniborne[cyneboren] ME
kinborough kinboroug ᛫ a royal city ᛫ N kineburh ME
kind ᛫ a type ᛫ a category ᛫ a sort ᛫ genre ᛫ a nature ( of something ) ᛫ nature ( the abstract domain of all that is natural ) ᛫ N kind&kind NE&ME
kind of ᛫ sort of ᛫ to some extent ᛫ AV ~ NE
kind wit ƿit ᛫ natural intelligence ( as in common sense ) ᛫ N Kynde Wit ME
Kindbook ᛫ the book of Genesis ᛫ N(P) gecyndbōc OE
kindful ᛫ natural ᛫ AJ kīndeful ME
kindle kindel ᛫ an offspring ᛫ N kindel ME kin: kind
kindlimb ᛫ a sex organ ( a vulva , a uterus , a penis , etc ) ᛫ N gecyndlim OE
kindliness ᛫ naturalness ᛫ naturality ᛫ N kīndelīnesse ME
kindlore ᛫ physics ( the study ) ᛫ N kind+lore ME+NE calque: natuurkunde ᛫ "kind" meant "nature" in Middle English
kindly ᛫ natural ᛫ innate ᛫ intrinsic ᛬ naturally ᛬ please ᛫ AJ᛬AV᛬I kindly&kīndelī&ikīndelīch NE&ME&ME
kindness ᛫ a kind deed ᛫ a favour ᛫ N ~ NE
kindred ᛫ related ᛫ AJ ~ NE
kinfolk ᛫ blood relations ᛫ relatives ᛫ family members ᛫ N ~ NE
kingdom ᛫ a monarchy ᛫ N ~ NE
kingkin ᛫ a royal family ᛫ N cyningcynn OE
kinglax ᛫ a chinook salmon ᛫ N king+lax NE×2 calque: king salmon
kingly ᛫ royal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
kingmorth kingmorþ ᛫ regicide ᛫ N king+morth NE+ME calque: Königsmord
kingrich kingric ᛫ a kingdom ᛫ N kingrīche ME
kingsbloom ᛫ a Paeonia plant ( a peony / a paeony ) ᛫ N kingsbloome ME‹(E+E‹N) or: kingsblossom
kingsevil kingsefil ᛫ scrofula ᛫ N ~ NE
kingship kingscip ᛫ the state or position of being a king ᛫ N ~ NE
kingslayer ᛫ a regicide ᛫ N ~ NE
kingsspear ᛫ an Asphodelus plant ( asphodel ) ᛫ N ~ NE
kinhelm ᛫ a crown ᛫ a diadem ᛫ a corona ᛫ royal power ( figurative ) ᛫ N kinehelm[cynehelm] ME
kinhome ᛫ a royal residence ᛫ N cynehām OE
kinhove kinhof ᛫ a palace ᛫ N cynehof OE
kink ᛫ a twist ᛫ a curl ᛫ an eccentricity ᛫ a fetish ᛫ a paraphilia ᛫ N ~ NE‹NL
kinlore ᛫ genealogy ( the study of families ) ᛫ N kin+lore NE×2 invented by William Barnes
kinly ᛫ familial ᛫ AJ kin+ly NE×2
kinmark ᛫ a mark or sign of royalty ᛫ N kinemerk NE
kinmoot ᛫ a royal council ᛫ N kinemote ME
kinrich kinric ᛫ a monarchy ᛫ N kinerīche ME
kinright kinrigt ᛫ a royal right ᛫ N cyneriht OE
kinrun ᛫ a family course ᛫ a generation ᛫ posterity ᛫ N cynren OE
kinsettle kinsettel ᛫ a throne ᛫ N kinesetle[cynesetl] ME
kinship kinscip ᛫ relation ᛫ N ~ NE
kinshipwise kinscipƿise ᛫ relative ᛫ AJ kinship+wise NE×2
kinshipwisely kinscipƿisely ᛫ relatively ᛫ AV kinship+wise+ly NE×3
kinshroud kinscrude ᛫ royal clothing ᛫ royal robes ᛫ a king's raiment ᛫ N kinescrud ME
kinslayer ᛫ a parricide ᛫ N ~ NE
kinsman ᛫ a blood relation ᛫ a relative ᛫ N kinsman NE
kinstool ᛫ a throne ᛫ N kinestol[cynestōl] ME
kinworth kinƿorþ ᛫ worthy of a king ᛫ regal ᛫ AJ kineworth[cynewyrþe] ME
kinyard kingeard ᛫ a sceptre / a scepter ᛫ N kineȝerde[cynegyrd] ME
kipe ᛫ a basket used as a measure for produce ᛫ N ~[kī̆pe][cȳpa/cȳpe] NE [CED]
kir ᛫ a choice ᛫ an option ᛫ a decision ᛫ a selection ᛫ N kī̆re[cyre/cire] ME or: chir; cur; chur
kirtle kirtel ᛫ a gown ᛫ N ~[cyrtel] NE‹I? from Latin "curtus"?
kirvet kirfet ᛫ a gourd ᛫ N cyrfet/cyrfæt OE‹I or: curvet (curfet)
kist ᛫ virtue ᛫ one's character ᛫ N custe[cyst] ME
kistiness ᛫ generosity ᛫ liberality ᛫ munificence ᛫ N cystignes OE
kisty ᛫ devout ᛫ benevolent ᛫ of good character ᛫ AJ cystig OE
kitch kic ᛫ a cake ᛫ a baked good ᛫ N kichel[cycel] ME
kitchel kicel ᛫ a small cake ᛫ a cookie ᛫ N kichel[cycel] ME
kitchen kicen ᛫ a room where food is prepared ᛫ N ~ NE‹Þ‹I or: cookingroom
kith kiþ ᛫ an acquaintance ᛫ acquaintances ᛫ something one is familiar with ᛫ N ~ NE
kithe kiþe ᛫ to make known ᛫ to exhibit ( a virtue vice quality ) ᛫ to demonstrate ᛫ V ~[kīthen][cȳþan] NE [MW]
kithey kiþey ᛫ familiar ᛫ known ᛫ AJ cȳþig OE
kittle kittel ᛫ to tickle ᛫ V ~ NE‹N? [CED]
knack ᛫ a talent for something ᛫ a disposition towards something ᛫ trick ᛫ artifice ᛫ N ~ NE
knap ᛫ a knob ᛫ a tassel ᛫ a button ᛫ a clasp ᛫ a fastener ᛫ a protuberance ᛫ a hilltop ᛫ N knap[cnæp] ME
knape ᛫ a male infant ᛫ a boy ᛫ N ~[knāpe][cnapa] NE distantly akin to "knave"?
knapling ᛫ a youth ᛫ an adolescent ᛫ a boy ᛫ N cnæpling OE
knar ᛫ a crag ( a steep and rugged rock that projects from a rock mass ) ᛫ a protuberance of flesh ᛫ a knot in wood ᛫ N knarre[*cnear?] ME‹OE?
knave knafe ᛫ a boy ᛫ a servant boy ᛫ a scoundrel ᛫ a rogue ᛫ a jack ( playing cards ) ᛫ N ~ NE
knavechild knafecild ᛫ a boy ᛫ N knavechild ME
knavish knafisc ᛫ dishonest ᛫ unscrupulous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
kneat ᛫ to argue ᛫ to dispute ᛫ to contend ᛫ V cnēatian OE
kneating ᛫ an argument ᛫ a debate ᛫ a disputation ᛫ N cnēatung OE
knee ᛫ a generation ᛫ a patella ( bone ) ᛫ N knẹ̄&cnēo{cnēores} ME&OE
kneebending ᛫ genuflection ᛫ N knee+bending NE×2 see "cnēowbīging"
kneebone ᛫ a patella ᛫ N ~ NE or: kneecap (cap is from Latin)
kneebook ᛫ a book of genealogy ᛫ N cnēoresbōc OE
kneebour kneebor ᛫ a poleyn ᛫ N knee+beorg{healsbeorg} NE+OE
kneeholm ᛫ butcher's-broom ( Ruscus aculeatus ) ᛫ N ~ NE
kneel ᛫ to genuflect ᛫ V ~ NE
knell ᛫ a toll ᛫ a sign of the end of something ᛬ to toll ᛫ to announce or summon by tolling ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
knide ᛫ to beat ? ᛫ V cnīdan OE
knifesmith knifesmiþ ᛫ a cutler ᛫ N ~ NE
knight knigt ᛫ a warrior ᛫ a young servant ᛫ a military attendant ᛬ to confer knighthood upon ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
knightliness knigtliness ᛫ chivalry ᛫ N ~ NE
knightling knigtling ᛫ a small or petty knight ᛫ N ~ NE
knightly knigtly ᛫ chivalrous ᛫ gallant and courtly ᛬ chivalrously ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
knightship knigtscip ᛫ a knighthood ᛫ honorific formal address to a knighted person ᛫ N ~ NE
kniss ᛫ to trouble ᛫ V cnyssan OE
knit ᛫ to fasten by rope or thread ᛫ to tie ᛫ to bind ᛫ to unite ᛫ to combine ᛫ to ally ᛫ V knit&knitten[cnyttan] NE&ME
knitch knic ᛫ a bundle ᛫ a faggot ᛫ N ~ NE
knittle knittel ᛫ knitting thread ᛫ N cnyttels OE
knoll ᛫ a small mound or rounded hill ᛫ N ~ NE
knoller ᛫ a sexton ᛫ a sacristan ᛫ a segstar ᛫ N ~ NE
knoosle knoosel ᛫ a progeny ᛫ a genus ᛫ N cnōsl OE
knop ᛫ a knob ( esp an ornamental one ) ᛫ N ~[cnop] NE [MW]
knot ᛫ node ᛫ N ~ NE
knotty ᛫ difficultly complex ᛫ AJ ~ NE
knownothing knoƿnoþing ᛫ an ignoramus ᛫ N knownothing NE
lackwit lackƿit ᛫ a fool ᛫ N ~ NE
lade ᛫ to load ᛫ to burden ᛫ V ~ NE PTCP: laden
laden ᛫ loaded ᛫ weighed down ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Ladoga Mere ᛫ Lake Ladoga ᛫ N(P) Ladoga+mere NE‹O+NE
lady ᛫ a mistress ᛫ a noblewoman ᛫ an adult human female ᛫ a female lord ᛫ N ~{hlāfdige/hlǣfdige} NE kin: lord; loaf
ladysfinger ᛫ okra ᛫ N lady's-finger NE [MW]
lair ᛫ a den ᛫ a refuge or place for hiding ᛫ N ~ NE
lairwite lairƿite ᛫ a penalty for adultery or fornication ᛫ N leirwīte ME
lait ᛫ electricity ᛫ lightning ᛫ a flash of lightning ᛫ a flame ᛫ a burst of flame ᛫ a fire ᛫ N leit ME
lait ᛫ to search for ᛫ to seek ᛫ to look for ᛫ to try to find ᛫ V ~[leiten][leita] NE‹N kin: wlātian ᛫ still alive in some dialects
lake ᛫ amusement ᛫ diversion ᛫ sport ᛫ game ᛬ to play ᛫ to sport ᛫ to game ᛫ N᛬V leik&leiken ME‹N?
lake ᛫ a pool ᛫ a pond ᛫ a piece of water ᛫ a lake ᛫ N lacu OE‹I consider instead: law/laƿ
laker ᛫ to scoff at ᛫ to mock ᛫ V hlacerian OE rare
lakering ᛫ scoffing ᛫ mockery ᛫ scorn ᛫ N hlacerung OE rare
Lammas ᛫ a holiday on the first of August which involves bringing bread to church ᛫ N(P) ~[hlāfmæsse] NE
landfolk ᛫ inhabitants of a land ᛫ N londfolk ME
landfowl landfule ᛫ a Galliformes bird ᛫ N landfowl NE
landimere ᛫ a land boundary ᛫ N ~[OE landgemǣre] NE the ge- suffix survived, as also found in "handiwork/handicraft"
landlore ᛫ geography ᛫ N land+lore NE×2
landman ᛫ a countryman ᛫ N ~ NE
landseater ᛫ a colonist ᛫ N landsǣta OE
landshape landscape ᛫ to landscape ᛫ to modify a piece of land ᛫ V land+shape NE×2
landship landscip ᛫ a tank ( as in the vehicle ) ᛫ N ~ NE
landsid ᛫ a custom of a country ᛫ N landsidu OE
landsman ᛫ a compatriot ᛫ N ~ NE
lane ᛫ a course ᛫ a road ᛫ a street ᛫ N ~ NE
lank ᛫ to make or become lank ᛬ slender ᛫ paltry ᛫ straight and limp ᛫ languid ᛫ drooping ᛫ V᛬AJ ~ NE
lanky ᛫ tall slim and awkward ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lap ᛫ the flat area between the waist and knees of a seated person ᛫ a lobe ( of an ear etc ) ᛫ N ~ NE
lape ᛫ to lap ᛫ V ~ ANE [OED] ᛫ "the form lappe, lap may be due to the influence of French laper" - OED
lapwing lapƿing ᛫ a Vanellinae bird ᛫ N ~ NE
larboard ᛫ the lefthand side of a ship (looking from the stern toward the bow) ᛫ port ᛬ pertaining to the left side of a ship ᛫ port ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
lark ᛫ an Alaudidae birds ᛫ one who wakes early ᛫ N lark NE
lark ᛫ something done for fun esp something mischievous or daring ᛫ an escapade ᛫ N ~[skylark] NE
lashdye lascdye ᛫ mascara ᛫ N lash+dye NE×2
last ᛫ freight ᛫ cargo ᛫ N last[hlæst] ME
last • to continue • to endure • to persevere • to persist • to be sufficient • to perform ( a task ) • to follow • to accompany • V last&last&lǣstan NE&ME&OE [OED]
lasting • continuing • enduring • persevering • persisting • permanent • durable • staying • chronic • AJ ~ NE [OED]
lastingness • continuance • duration • endurance • stamina • perseverance • persistance • permanence • permanency • durability • staying power • chronicity • N ~ NE [OED]
lastname ᛫ a surname ᛫ N lastname NE
lat ᛫ nausea ᛫ N wlǣta{wlatsome} OE
late ᛫ a facial expression ᛫ an expression ᛫ a gesture ᛫ an utterance ( of humans or animals ) ᛫ N lōt/late ME or: loat; lote
late ᛫ recent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lately ᛫ recently ᛫ AV ~ NE
latemost ᛫ final ᛫ most recent ᛫ AJ lātemest[lætemest] ME
later ᛫ one who is late or slow ᛫ N lata OE
lateward lateƿard ᛫ recently ᛫ AV lāteward ME
lath laþ ᛫ a thin narrow strip used for support in buildings ᛬ to cover or line with laths ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
lathe laþe ᛫ to invite ᛫ to issue an invitation ᛫ V lathe[lāthen][laþian] ANE
lathing laþing ᛫ an invitation ᛫ N ~ NE
latred ᛫ slow ᛫ tardy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
latsome latsum ᛫ nauseous ᛫ disgusting ᛫ repulsive ᛫ repugnant ᛫ abominable ᛫ heinous ᛫ loathsome ᛫ AJ wlatsome ME
latter ᛫ recent ᛫ situated nearer to the end of something than its beginning ᛫ AJ ~ NE
latterday ᛫ modern ᛫ contemporary ᛫ AJ latterday NE
latterly ᛫ recently ᛫ in the later stages of a period of time ᛫ AV ~ NE
lattew latteƿ ᛫ a guide ( animate ) ᛫ N latteu[lādtēow] ME
lattewdom latteƿdom ᛫ guidance ᛫ N lādtēowdōm OE
laughingstock laugingstock ᛫ a person subjected to general mockery or ridicule ᛫ N ~ NE
laughsome laugsum ᛫ funny ᛫ humorous ᛫ causing laughter ᛫ AJ ~ NE [CED]
laughter laugter ᛫ a vice ᛫ an error ᛫ a mistake ᛫ N laughter[leahter] ME let's rhyme this word with "slaughter" ᛫ or: leighter (from variant form)
laughtercraft laugtercraft ᛫ the art of comedy ᛫ N laughter+craft NE×2
laughtersmith laugtersmiþ ᛫ someone who causes laughter ᛫ a comedian ᛫ N hleahtorsmiþ OE
laughworthy laugƿorþy ᛫ funny ᛫ amusing ᛫ ridiculous ᛫ ludicrous ᛫ laughable ᛫ absurd ᛫ risible ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
lave lafe ᛫ rest ( as in remains ) ᛫ remnants ᛫ remains ᛫ survivors ᛫ N ~[lāf] NE
lave lafe ᛫ to wash ᛫ to pour ᛫ to bathe ᛫ to bathe oneself ᛫ V ~[lafian] NE
lavel lafel ᛫ a vessel ᛫ N lavel[læfel] ME
law laƿ ᛫ a body of water ( such as a lake , a pond , a lagoon , or a loch ) N lai/laȝe[lagu] ME "lay" variant may be from French
lawbreaker laƿbreaker ᛫ a criminal ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
lawer laƿer ᛫ a lawyer ᛫ N lawere ME
lawer laƿer ᛫ laurel ᛫ bay ᛫ N laur{laur-beām} OE‹I
lawful laƿful ᛫ legal ( as in "not illegal" ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(N+E)
lawmaker laƿmaker ᛫ legislator ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
lawman laƿman ᛫ a law enforcement officer ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
lawwit laƿƿit ᛫ one learned in the law ( such as a barrister a lawyer a paralegal or a judge ) ᛫ N lahwita OE
lax ᛫ a salmon ᛫ N ~ NE
laxberry ᛫ a salmonberry ᛫ N lax+berry NE×2 calque: salmonberry
lay ᛫ to blame ᛫ V lēan OE PST: lew ᛫ PP: lain ᛫ kin: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽; lá (Icelandic)
lay about abute ᛫ a lazy person ᛫ N ~ NE
layer ᛫ level ᛫ tier ᛫ N ~ NE reek
layernaker ᛫ exfoliator ᛫ N layer+nake+er NE×3
layout layute ᛫ the overall design or structure of something ᛫ a format ᛫ N ~ NE
le el ᛫ ( suffix forming nouns from verbs denoting an instrument or means ) ᛫ SUFFIX els/el[else] ME example: reek+le = reekle (insense)
le el ᛫ ( frequentative verbal suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE found in words like "bubble"
lea ᛫ a stretch of grassy or arable land ᛫ N ~ NE or: leigh (leih)
leach leac ᛫ the act of leaching ᛫ a substance that is leached ᛫ constituents removed by leaching ᛬ to percolate ᛫ N᛬V ~[lē̆ch][leccan?] NE [MW] ᛫ kin: leak
lead ᛫ lead ( metal ) ᛫ a cauldron ᛫ a kettle ᛫ N lead&lēd[lēad] NE&ME
leaden ᛫ made of lead ᛫ lead coloured ᛫ oppressively heavy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
leading light ligt ᛫ a luminary ᛫ N ~ NE
leadpitch leadpic ᛫ a leading tone ( in music ) ᛫ N leading+pitch NE×2 calque: leading-tone
leaf ᛫ a leaf ᛫ a petal ᛫ a page ( of a book or a website ) ᛫ N leaf&lēf NE&ME
leaf folding ᛫ origami ᛫ N leaf+folding NE+NEᛣ calque: 折り紙 origami
leafdom ᛫ foliage ᛫ leafage ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
leafing ᛫ foliation ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
leafworm leafƿurm ᛫ a caterpillar ᛫ N lēafwyrm OE
leam ᛫ a flame ᛫ a flash ᛫ a gleam ᛫ a ray ᛫ a radiance ᛬ to flame ᛫ to blaze ᛫ to flash ᛫ to glow ᛫ to shine ᛫ to radiate ᛫ to gleam ᛫ N᛬V leam&lẹ̄m&lēmen ANE&ME×2
lean ᛫ a loan ᛫ N lēn[lēan] ME kin: lend
leandom ᛫ feudalism ᛫ N lean+dom NE×2 calque: Lehnswesen; Leenstelsel ᛫ or: loandom
leaning ᛫ an inclination ᛫ a tendency ᛫ a partiality ᛫ N ~ NE
leanland ᛫ leased land ᛫ feudal land ? ᛫ N lǣnland OE or: loanland (Norse influenced)
leap ᛫ a basket for carrying grain , bread , gravel , etc ᛫ a basket for holding or catching fish ᛫ the amount of things held in a basket ᛫ N lēp[leap] ME
lear ᛫ to teach ᛫ to teach oneself ᛫ to instruct ᛫ to educate ᛫ to cultivate ᛫ to train ᛫ V lēren[lǣran] ME
leared ᛫ educated ᛫ AJ lēred ME
learer ᛫ a teacher ᛫ a professor ᛫ N lērer ME
learned ᛫ educated ᛫ scholarly ᛫ AJ ~ NE
learner ᛫ a student ᛫ a pupil ᛫ an apprentice ᛫ N lērner ME
learning ᛫ a lesson ᛫ instruction ᛫ a doctrine ᛫ a maxim ᛫ N ~ NE&ANE [OED]
learninghouse learninghuse ᛫ a school ᛫ N leornunghus OE
learningman ᛫ a pupil ᛫ a student ᛫ a disciple ᛫ N leornungmann OE
lease ᛫ a lie ᛫ falsehood ᛬ to lie ᛫ to slander ᛫ to calumniate ᛫ to malign ᛫ to slander ᛫ to traduce ᛬ false ᛫ deceptive ᛫ destitute ᛫ bereft ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~[lēas&lēasian] NE
lease ᛫ to collect ᛫ to glean ᛫ to gather ᛫ V ~[lēsen] NE rhyme: please
lease ᛫ pseudo- ᛫ PREFIX leas OE
leasename ᛫ a pseudonym ᛫ N lease+name NE
leasesawl leasesaƿl ᛫ mendacious ᛫ falsehood saying ᛫ AJ lēassagol{soþsawel} OE
leasespel ᛫ a fable ᛫ a fiction ᛫ N lēasspell OE
leaseteeth leaseteeþ ᛫ false teeth ᛫ dentures ᛫ N lease+teeth NE×2
leasow leasoƿ ᛫ a pasture ᛬ to pasture ᛫ N᛬V ~[lǣswu] NE
least ᛫ some kind of foot covering ( a shinguard ? ) ᛫ N lǣst OE glossed as Latin "ocrea" and found in compounds like "lǣstwyrhta"
leastwield leastƿeeld ᛫ minarchy ᛫ N least+wield NE×2
leat ᛫ an artificial water trench ( esp one linked to a mill ) ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
leath leaþ ᛫ odium ᛫ enmity ᛫ hatred ᛫ hostility ᛫ N lētthe&lǣþþ ME&OE kin: loathe?
leathern leaþern ᛫ made of leather ᛫ AJ ~ NE
leatherwright leaþerƿrigt ᛫ a currier ᛫ N leþerwyrhta OE
leave leaf ᛫ permission ᛫ licence ᛬ to permit ᛫ to allow ᛫ to authorize ᛫ to licence ᛫ N᛬V leave&lēven NE&ME
leave out leaf ute ᛫ to omit ᛫ to exclude ᛫ to skip over ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
leaveful leafful ᛫ allowable ᛫ permissible ᛫ AJ lēfful ME
ledge lecg ᛫ ( denotes being , becoming , and making ) ᛫ SUFFIX lǣcan OE example: rightledge = to righten; winterledge = to become winter
ledger lecger ᛫ a book for keeping notes ᛫ A collection of credit and debit entries ᛫ N ~ NE‹NL
lee ᛫ protection ᛫ shelter ᛫ a side facing away from the wind ᛬ sheltered from the wind ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
lee ᛫ a lion ᛫ N lēo OE‹I
Lee ᛫ Leo ᛫ N(P) lēo OE we have not found this usage of the word but it makes sense
leech leec ᛫ a physician ᛫ a doctor ᛬ to doctor ᛫ to cure ᛫ to treat ( in the medical sense ) ᛫ N leech&lẹ̄chen[lǣce] NE&ME
leechbook leecbook ᛫ a medicine book ᛫ N lǣceboc OE
leechcraft leeccraft ᛫ the medical craft and practice ᛫ N ~[lẹ̄checraft] NE
leechdom leecdom ᛫ a medicine ᛫ a remedy ᛫ N ~ ANE
leechhouse leechuse ᛫ a hospital ᛫ N lǣcehus OE
leechwort leecƿurt ᛫ a medicinal plant ᛫ N lǣcewyrt OE
leed ᛫ a person ᛫ N lēd[leod] ME PL: leeds ᛫ used to mean "people"
Leeden ᛫ Latin speech ᛬ Latin ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) lēden[lǣden/lēden] ME
leedfrom ᛫ a national founder ᛫ a founder of a people ᛫ N leodfruma OE
leedhate ᛫ tyrant ᛫ N leodhata OE agent suffix likely would have dropped
leedshather leedscaþer ᛫ a public enemy ᛫ N lēodsceaþa OE literally people-scather
leedy ᛫ personal ᛫ AJ leed+y ME+NE calque: personal
leen ᛫ a lioness ᛫ N lēo+en OE+NE or: shelee
leep ᛫ a basket ᛫ N lēp[lēap] ME
leer ᛫ a cheek ᛫ a face ᛫ one's appearance ᛬ to sneakily look ᛫ N᛬V leer&lē̆r[hlēor] NE&ME
leery ᛫ cautious ᛫ hesitant ᛫ AJ ~ NE
leese ᛫ to release ᛫ to free ᛫ to loosen ᛫ to redeem ᛫ to deliver ( as in save ) ᛫ V lēsen ME or: aleese
leeselore ᛫ soteriology ᛫ N aleese+lore NE×2
leeser ᛫ a liberator ᛫ a redeemer ᛫ N lēsen+er ME+NE
leet ᛫ an intersection ᛫ a crossroads ᛫ N ~[lēte] NE [MW]
leet ᛫ to cast lots ᛫ to obtain by lot ᛫ V hlēotan OE kin: hljóta (Icelandic)
leeth leeþ ᛫ a relief from pain ᛫ peace ᛫ mercy ᛫ N lẹ̄th[hlēowþ] ME
leeth leeþ ᛫ a poem ᛫ an ode ᛫ N lēth ME
leethcraft leeþcraft ᛫ poetry ᛫ N lēoþcræft OE
leethe leeþe ᛫ to free ᛫ to loose ᛫ to spare ᛫ V lēthen[leoþian] ME
leether leeþer ᛫ a poet ᛫ N lēoþere OE
leethwork leeþƿork ᛫ composition ᛫ poem writing ᛫ N lēoþweorc OE
leethy leeþy ᛫ poetic ᛫ symbolic [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ lēoþlīc OE
leeway leeƿay ᛫ an amount of freedom or flexibility ᛫ the drift of a ship or plane in a leeward direction ᛫ N ~ NE
leftover leftofer ᛫ a remnant ᛬ remaining ᛫ residual ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
leftwise leftƿise ᛫ counterclockwise ᛫ anticlockwise ᛫ AV ~ NE
leighton leigton ᛫ a garden ( esp a kitchen garden or a herb garden ) ᛫ N leightoun ME
leman ᛫ a paramour ᛫ a sweetheart ᛫ a mistress ᛫ a lover ᛫ N ~ NE equal to: lief+man
lench lenc ᛫ arrogance ᛫ haughtiness ᛫ insolence ᛫ magnificence ᛫ pomp ᛬ to take pride in ᛫ to pride oneself ᛫ V wlenchen&wlencu ME&OE
lench lenc ᛫ a link ᛫ a chain ᛫ a coat of mail ᛫ N hlenca OE "link" is Norse
lend ᛫ a loin of humans ᛫ loins of humans ᛫ N lē̆nd ME PL: lends; lenden
lend ᛫ to arrive ᛫ to reside ᛫ to inhabit ᛫ to remain ᛫ V lẹ̄nden[lendan] ME
lend ᛫ to loan ᛫ V ~ NE "loan" is Norse
lendbone ᛫ an ilium ᛫ N ~ ME
lendridgebone lendricgbone ᛫ a lumbar vertebra ᛫ N lend+ridgebone ME+NE
lengthen lengþen ᛫ to prolong ᛫ V ~ NE
lense ᛫ to make lean ᛫ V lensen ME same suffix as in "cleanse"
lent ᛫ the spring season ᛫ N lent/lenten ME or: lenten
lentlily lentlilly ᛫ a daffodil ᛫ N lent lily NE‹(NE+NE‹‹I) [OED]
lere ᛫ empty ᛫ unoccupied ᛫ deserted ᛫ worthless ᛫ unnecessary ᛫ useless ᛫ AJ lere ME
less ᛫ of lower rank , degree , importance , amount , etc ᛬ not so much or so well ᛬ minus ᛫ diminished by ᛫ AJ᛬AV᛬P ~[lē̆s][lǣs] NE [CED][MW]
lessen ᛫ to decrease ᛫ to reduce ᛫ to diminish ᛫ to degrade ᛫ to demean ᛫ to disparage ᛫ to debase ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
lessening ᛫ decreasing ᛫ diminishing ᛫ degrading ᛫ derogatory ᛫ demeaning ᛫ disparaging ᛫ debasing ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
lesser ᛫ minor ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lesserape ᛫ a gibbon ᛫ N ~ NE
lesserhood ᛫ a minority ᛫ N lesser+hood NE×2 calque: minderheid
lest ᛫ -lessness ᛫ SUFFIX -lēste[lēast] ME example: orelest = honourlessness
lest ᛫ for fear that ᛫ C ~[þȳ lǣs þe] NE
let ᛫ an obstruction ᛫ a hindrance ᛫ an obstacle ᛫ an impediment ᛫ a speech impediment ᛫ N let[lette] NE
let down dune ᛫ a disappointment ᛬ to disappoint ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
letch lec ᛫ to be warm ᛫ to be lukewarm ᛫ to be tepid ᛫ V wlechen ME
letdown letdune ᛫ a disappointment ᛫ N ~ NE
letgame ᛫ a spoilsport ᛫ N lettegame ME "let" here means "obstruct"
Lett ᛫ a Latvian ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹HG‹O [LEX]
Lettland ᛫ Latvia ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹HG‹O
Lettow Lettoƿ ᛫ Lithuania ? ᛫ N(P) Lettow ME‹?
letty ᛫ preventive ᛫ obstructive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
letup ᛫ to cease ᛫ to soften an attack or criticism ᛫ V ~ NE
leven lefen ᛫ electricity [ᚹ] ᛫ lightning ᛫ a beam of light ᛫ a flame ᛬ to electrify [ᚹ] ᛫ to shoot out lightning ᛫ N᛬V levin/leven&lēven&lēvenen NE&ME&ME rhyme: seven ᛫ or: levin
levenlore lefenlore ᛫ electronics ( the study of electrons ) ᛫ N levin/leven+lore ME+NE rhyme: seven
levenmote lefenmote ᛫ an electron ᛫ N levin/leven+mote ME+NE rhyme: seven
leveny lefeny ᛫ electric ᛫ electronic ᛫ AJ levin/leven+y ME+NE rhyme: seveny
lew leƿ ᛫ -prone ᛫ SUFFIX -leu[-lǣw] ME example: drunklew = prone to drunkeness
lew leƿ ᛫ tepid ᛫ unzealous ᛫ AJ ~[leu] NE "lukewarm" seems to be a corruption of "lewwarm" ᛫ [MW]
lew leƿ ᛫ a perna ᛫ N lēow OE kin: lår (Swedish)?
lewd leƿd ᛫ sexually crude ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lewth leƿþ ᛫ shelter ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
lib ᛫ medicine ᛫ a drug ᛫ a potion ᛫ poison ᛫ N lib/lybb NE&OE found in: cheeselip
libhouse libhuse ᛫ a pharmacy ᛫ a drugstore ᛫ a chemist's shop ᛫ an apothecary ᛫ N lib+house OE+NE
liblock ᛫ the art or crafting of medicine drugs or potions ( often with a negative connotation ) ᛫ N lyblāc OE
liblocker ᛫ a magician skilled in drugs ᛫ N lyblǣca OE
liblore ᛫ pharmacology ᛫ N lib+lore OE+NE
libman ᛫ a pharmacist ᛫ a druggist ᛫ a chemist ᛫ an apothecary ᛫ N lib+man OE+NE
libsen ᛫ a charm ᛫ an amulet ᛫ N lybesn OE
libster ᛫ a potion making woman ? ᛫ a witch ? ᛫ N lybbestre OE
lich lic ᛫ a corpse ᛫ a cadaver ᛫ an undead creature ( such as a zombie or ghoul ) ᛫ N ~ NE
lichame licame ᛫ a body ᛫ a corpse ᛫ N lichame ME equal to: lich hame (body covering)
lichbour licbor ᛫ a sarcophagus ᛫ N līcbeorg OE
lichet licet ᛫ to feign ᛫ to pretend ᛫ to profess falsely ᛫ to simulate ᛫ V līcettan OE or maybe it could be spelled "licket" or "liket"
lichetter licetter ᛫ a feigner ᛫ a pretender ᛫ a hypocrite ᛫ a simulator ᛫ N līcettere OE
lichetting licetting ᛫ feigning ᛫ pretence ᛫ false representation ᛫ simulation ᛫ hypocrisy ᛫ N līcettung OE
lichhouse lichuse ᛫ a morgue ᛫ a mortuary ᛫ N ~ NE
lichhower lichoƿer ᛫ a coroner ᛫ N lich+how+er NE+OE+NE calque: lijkschouwer
lichrest licrest ᛫ a tomb ᛫ a sepulcher ᛫ cemetery ᛫ N līcrest OE
lichsong licsong ᛫ a funeral song ᛫ a dirge ᛫ N līcsang OE
lichthroer licþroer ᛫ a leper ᛫ N līcþrowere OE literally: body sufferer
lichway licƿay ᛫ the path by which the dead are carried to the grave ᛫ V ~ NE
lichyard licyard ᛫ a cemetery ᛫ a graveyard ᛫ N lichyard NE
lickspittle lickspittel ᛫ one who behaves obsequiously to those in power ᛫ N ~ NE
lickspittle lickspittel ᛫ a sycophant ᛫ a toady ᛫ a fawner ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
Lide ᛫ March ᛫ N(P) Lide&Hlȳda ME&OE or: Reethmonth
lide ᛫ to sound ᛫ V hlȳdan OE kin: loud
lief leef ᛫ a religious faith ᛫ a religion ᛫ N lēve{gelēafa} ME kin: belief
lief leef ᛫ sir ( vocative ) ᛫ a beloved one ᛬ beloved ᛫ dear ᛬ why! ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬I lief&lēf[lēof] NE&ME
liefly leefly ᛫ precious ᛫ valued ᛫ pleasant ᛫ pleasing ᛫ agreeable ᛫ delightful ᛫ loveable ᛬ willingly ᛫ gladly ᛫ AJ᛬AV lẹ̄flī[lēoflīce] ME
liefsome leefsum ᛫ agreeable ᛫ delightful ᛫ pleasing ᛫ AJ ~ NE
liever leefer ᛫ an ideologist ᛫ an ideologue ᛫ a religious person ᛫ N lēve+er ME
liever leefer ᛫ -ist ( but only for adherents ) ᛫ SUFFIX lēve+er ME+NE
life ᛫ vitality ᛫ N ~ NE
lifeblood ᛫ blood needed for life ᛫ the essence or crux of something ᛫ N ~ NE
lifefrea ᛫ lord of life ᛫ N liffrea OE
lifelode ᛫ the course of someone's life ᛫ a lifetime ᛫ conduct of life ᛫ way of life ᛫ N līflōd[līflād] ME
lifelore ᛫ biology ᛫ N life+lore NE×2
lifesrun ᛫ a curriculum vitae ᛫ a CV ᛫ a résumé ᛫ N life's+run NE+NE calque: levensloop; Lebenslauf
lifeward lifeƿard ᛫ a lifeguard ᛫ N life+ward NE×2
liffet ᛫ to flatter ᛫ to adulate ᛫ V lyffettan OE
liffeter ᛫ a flatterer ᛫ an adulator ᛫ N lyffetere OE
liffeting ᛫ flattery ᛫ adulation ᛫ N lyffetung OE
lift ᛫ air ᛫ the sky ᛫ the heavens ᛫ an elevator ᛬ to elevate ᛫ N᛬V ~[lyft] NE
lift ᛫ aero- ᛫ PREFIX lyft OE
liften ᛫ aerial ᛫ AJ lyften OE
liftfleet ᛫ an air force ᛫ N lift+fleet NE×2 calque: luchtvloot
liftglass ᛫ a mirage ᛫ N lift+glass NE×2 calque: luchtspiegeling; Luftspiegelung
lifthaven lifthafen ᛫ an airport ᛫ N lift+haven NE×2 calque: luchthaven
liftlore ᛫ aerology ᛫ N lyft+lore ME+NE
liftshell liftscell ᛫ an atmosphere ᛫ N lyft+shell ME+NE
liftship liftscip ᛫ an airship ᛫ N lift+ship NE×2 calque: luchtschip
liggat ᛫ a gate ( esp a swinging one ) ᛫ N ~[hlidgeat] NE
light ligt ᛫ to come upon ᛫ to discover by chance ᛫ V ~ NE
light saregun ligt ᛫ a light machine gun ᛫ N light+searu+gun NE+OE+NE‹N calque: light machine gun
Lightbearend Ligtbearend ᛫ Lucifer ᛫ N lēohtberend OE
lightbere ligtbere ᛫ luminous ᛫ brilliant ᛫ splendid ᛫ lightbearing ᛫ AJ lēohtbǣre OE
lighteared ligteared ᛫ credulous ᛫ AJ ~ NE light-eared
lighten ligten ᛫ to make or become lighter ᛫ to brighten ᛫ to enlighten ᛫ to flash with lightning ᛫ V ~ NE
lighter ligter ᛫ a barge ᛫ N ~ NE [OED] ᛫ very slight widening
lightminded ligtminded ᛫ not given to heavy thoughts or thinking ᛫ frivolous ᛫ not serious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lightmindedness ligtmindedness ᛫ lack of seriousness ᛫ frivolity ᛫ N ~ NE
lightmood ligtmood ᛫ light-hearted ᛫ easy-tempered ᛫ AJ lēohtmōd OE
lightmote ligtmote ᛫ a photon ᛫ N light+mote NE×2
lightsome ligtsum ᛫ lighthearted ᛫ airy ᛫ nimble ᛫ bright ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lightvat ligtfatt ᛫ lamp ᛫ lantern ᛫ N leohtfæt OE
likelihood ᛫ probability ᛫ chance ᛫ N ~ NE
likely ᛫ probable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
likely ᛫ probably ᛫ AJ ~ NE
liken ᛫ to compare ᛫ V ~ NE
likeness ᛫ a resemblance ᛫ a photograph ᛫ N [gelicness] NE
likening ᛫ a comparison ᛫ N ~ NE
likesome likesum ᛫ agreeable ᛫ pleasant ᛫ likable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
likewise likeƿise ᛫ similarly ᛫ AV ~ NE
likeworthy likeƿorþy ᛫ likeable ᛫ AJ likworthe ME
liking ᛫ pleasure ᛫ enjoyment ᛫ delight ᛫ N liking&līking NE&ME
lilycrop lillycrop ᛫ a lilypad ᛫ N lilie croppe ME [OED]
lim ᛫ to sound ᛫ V hlimman OE
limb ᛫ a member ᛫ a part ᛫ a branch ᛫ N ~ NE
limbmeal ᛫ limb from limb ᛫ in pieces ᛫ AV ~ NE [MW]
lime ᛫ glue ᛫ mortar ᛫ cement ᛫ calcium oxide ᛫ N ~ NE or: linden; linden tree
lime ᛫ a Tilia plant ( linden trees , basswood trees , lime trees ) ᛫ N ~[line/lind][lind] NE
limp ᛫ an event ᛫ a chance happening ᛬ to happen ᛫ to occur ᛫ N᛬V limp&gelimp ME&ME PST: lamp ᛫ PTCP: lump
lin ᛫ to cease ᛫ to desist ᛫ to stop ᛫ V lin[linnen] NE
linch linc ᛫ a ledge ᛫ N ~[hlinc] NE [CED]
lind ᛫ suet ᛫ lard ᛫ fat ᛫ N lynd/lind OE especially belly/loin fat?
line ᛫ made of flax ᛫ AJ lī̆n ME
linen ᛫ cloth woven from flax ᛬ made of flax ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
ling ᛫ ( diminutive suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
linger ᛫ to remain ᛫ to loiter ᛫ V lengeren NE‹ME‹N
linking ᛫ connecting ᛫ joining ᛫ copular ( like in linking verb ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
linksaw linksaƿ ᛫ a chainsaw ᛫ N link+saw NE‹‹N+NE non-Norse: lenchsaw
lippen ᛫ to rely on ᛫ to trust ᛫ to entrust ᛫ V ~[lipnen] NE "I lippen to your word" not "I lippen your word"
lipper ᛫ a ripple ᛬ to ripple ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [OED] ᛫ frequentative of 'lap'
lippy ᛫ labial ᛫ AJ lip+y NE×2
lire ᛫ flesh ᛫ meat ᛫ N lire&līre NE&ME
lise ᛫ a report ᛫ fame ᛫ reputation ᛫ renown ᛬ to give credit ᛫ N᛬V hlīsa&hlīsan OE
liss ᛫ contentment ᛫ relief ᛫ respite ᛬ to relieve ᛫ to assuage ᛫ N᛬V lis&lissen[lis] ME
lissome lissum ᛫ nimble ᛫ supple ᛫ agile ᛫ easily flexed ᛫ AJ ~ NE or: lissom ᛫ equal to: lithe+some
list ᛫ an art ᛫ a craft ᛫ art ᛫ N list&list ME&OE
list ᛫ desire ᛫ inclination ᛫ craving ᛫ enthusiasm ᛬ to desire ᛫ to crave ᛫ N᛬V ~[listen][lystan] NE [LEX]
listener ᛫ a microphone ᛫ N ~{speaker} NE
listful ᛫ attentive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
listless ᛫ desireless ᛫ lacking enthusiasm spirit and liveliness ᛫ apathetic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lite ᛫ looks ( usually good looks ) ᛫ beauty ᛫ a countenance ᛫ an appearance ᛫ a style ᛫ an aesthetic ᛬ to look ᛫ to gaze ᛫ N᛬V wlite&wlītan{andwlita} ME&OE
liteful ᛫ beautiful ᛫ handsome ᛫ comely ᛫ aesthetic [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ wlitefull OE
liteless ᛫ hideous ᛫ without beauty ᛫ AJ wlitelēas OE
liteworth liteƿorþ ᛫ a ransom ᛫ N wliteweorþ OE
litey ᛫ beautiful ᛫ comely ᛫ attractive ᛫ AJ wlitig OE
lith liþ ᛫ a slope ᛫ N lith[hliþ] ME
lith liþ ᛫ a limb ᛫ a joint ᛫ a segment ᛫ a member ᛫ N ~ NE
lithe liþe ᛫ to sail ᛫ to travel by sea ᛫ to travel ᛫ to journey ᛫ V līthen[līþan] ME
lithe liþe ᛫ flexible ᛫ limber ᛫ mellow ᛫ gentle ᛫ mild ᛫ AJ lithe&līthe NE&ME
lithe liþe ᛫ strong drink ᛫ wine ᛫ N līþ OE
litheby liþeby ᛫ meek ᛫ compliant ᛫ obedient ᛫ AJ lethebei [liþebige] ME
lither liþer ᛫ base ᛫ vile ᛫ depraved ᛫ wicked ᛫ lewd ᛫ sordid ᛫ lazy ᛫ worthless ᛬ wickedly ᛫ treacherously ᛫ poorly ᛫ AJ᛬AV lither[lyþre] ME rhyme: slither
lither liþer ᛫ a sling ᛫ a launcher ᛬ to sling ᛫ to launch ᛫ N᛬V lithere[liþere]&litheren ME&ME
lithsew liþseƿ ᛫ synovia ᛫ synovial fluid ᛫ N liþsēaw OE
lithword liþƿord ᛫ an article ( grammatical term ) ᛫ N lith+word NE+NE calque of Dutch "lidwoord"
litten ᛫ a graveyard ᛫ a cemetery ᛫ N litton[litton][līctūn] ME
littiness ᛫ slyness ᛫ craftiness ᛫ cunningness ᛫ astuteness ᛫ N lytigness OE
Little Dipper Littel ᛫ a bright circumpolar asterism of the northern sky which is part of Ursa Minor ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
littlefinger littelfinger ᛫ the pinky ᛫ N ~ NE
littlom ᛫ gradually ᛫ AV litlum[lȳtlum] ME
live lif ᛫ to exist ( esp of animate things ) ᛫ V ~ NE
livelihood lifelihood ᛫ a means of securing the necessities of life ᛫ N ~[līflōd][līflād] NE
livelong liflong ᛫ the orphine ( Hylotelephium telephium ) ᛬ whole ᛫ entire ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
liven lifen ᛫ to enliven ᛫ V ~ NE
liveradle liferadel ᛫ a liver disease ᛫ N liferādl OE
liverwort liferƿurt ᛫ a Marchantia polymorpha plant ᛫ N ~[liverwort][liferwyrt] NE
livingroom lifingroom ᛫ a family room ᛫ N ~ NE
lix ᛫ to flash ᛫ to glitter ᛫ V līxan OE
lo ᛫ ( used to draw attention ) ᛫ I lo NE
load ᛫ to charge ( with electricity ) ᛫ V load&laden NE&FR
loadboard ᛫ a pallet ( as in a portable platform for stacking goods ) ᛫ N load+board NE×2 calque: laadbord
loanwend loanƿend ᛫ a loan translation ( a calque ) ᛫ N loan+wend NE‹N+ME calque: loan translation ᛫ or: leanwend (loan is Norse)
loast ᛫ a track ᛫ a footprint ᛫ a trace ᛫ a trail ᛬ to track ᛫ to trace ᛫ to trail ᛫ N lāst OE
loath loaþ ᛫ averse ᛫ disinclined ᛫ reluctant ᛫ unwilling ᛫ AJ ~ NE or: loth ᛫ [LEX]
loathe loaþe ᛫ to greatly hate ᛫ to detest ᛫ to revile ᛫ V ~ NE
loathly loaþly ᛫ loathsome ᛫ repulsive ᛬ reluctantly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~[lāþlic] NE
loathsome loaþsum ᛫ repulsive ᛫ offensive ᛫ abominable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
loathspel loaþspel ᛫ a tragic story ᛫ an unpleasant story ᛫ N lāþspell OE
loave lofe ᛫ praise ᛫ good reputation ᛫ price ᛫ value ᛫ an offer for sale ᛬ to praise ᛫ to approve ᛫ to appraise ᛫ to set a price on ᛫ to offer for sale ᛫ N᛬V lō̆f&lō̆ven ME&ME
loavebere lofebere ᛫ laudatory ᛫ AJ lōfbǣre OE
loavedeed lofedeed ᛫ a praiseworthy deed ᛫ N lōfdǣd OE
loaveful lofeful ᛫ amorous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
loavely lofely ᛫ praiseworthy ᛫ laudable ᛫ honourable ᛫ AJ lōfli ME
loavesome lofesum ᛫ deserving praise ᛫ excellent ᛫ noble ᛫ AJ lōfsum OE
loavesong lofesong ᛫ a song of praise ᛫ a hymn ᛫ a psalm ᛫ N lōfsang OE
lock ᛫ a tuft of hair ᛫ N ~ NE
lock ᛫ -ation ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
lock ᛫ to allure ᛫ to entice ᛫ bait ᛫ V loccian OE kin: lokken (Dutch)
locker ᛫ to curl ᛫ V ~[lokeren] NE
lockered ᛫ curly ᛫ curled ᛫ tangled ᛫ matted ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lodder ᛫ a poor person ᛫ a pauper ᛫ a worthless person ᛫ N loddere OE
loddering ᛫ nonsense ᛫ rubbish ᛫ triviality ᛫ N lodrung OE
lode ᛫ an exculpation ᛫ a purgation ᛫ an excuse ᛬ to excuse ᛫ to clear one's name ᛫ to exculpate ᛫ N lād&lādian OE&OE SEE NOTE
lode ᛫ a deposit of ore ᛫ leading ᛫ guidance ᛫ a lodestone ᛫ a magnet ᛫ on object of attraction ᛫ a course ᛫ a journey ᛫ a voyage ᛫ N lode&lōd[lād] NE&ANE&ME [OED] ᛫ kin: load
lodesman ᛫ a navigator ( distinct from the master and the steersman ) ᛫ a pilot of a ship ᛫ a pilot [ᚹ] ᛫ a guide ( animate ) ᛫ a conductor ᛫ N lōdesman[lādman] ME
lodestar ᛫ a guiding star ᛫ a tenet ᛫ a guiding principle ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
lodestone ᛫ magnetite ᛫ a naturally occurring magnet ᛫ someone or something that is the focus of attention ᛫ N ~ NE
loft ᛫ an attic ᛫ a sollar ᛫ a garret ᛫ N ~ NE‹ME‹N [OED]
lofty ᛫ elevated ( literally and figuratively ) ᛫ noble ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(N+E)
logboat ᛫ a dugout canoe ᛫ N ~ NE
loke ᛫ a private road ᛫ a blind alley ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
loke ᛫ to play ᛫ to wave or to swing about ᛫ V lācan OE
loke ᛫ a present ᛫ an offering or sacrifice of a religious nature ᛬ to offer ( religion ) ᛫ to sacrifice ( religion ) ᛫ N lōk[lāc] ME found in: wedlock
loken ᛫ to heal ᛫ to cure ᛫ to treat a wound or illness ᛫ to tend to ᛫ to take care of ᛫ to dress a wound ᛫ V lācnian OE
lokening ᛫ -therapy ᛫ SUFFIX lācnung OE
lokening ᛫ healing ᛫ cure ᛫ remedy ᛫ medicine ᛫ V lācnung OE
Loller ᛫ a Lollard ᛫ a protestant [ᚹ] ᛫ N loller ME SEE NOTE
Londonbury Lundonburry ᛫ the City of London ᛫ N Lundenbyrig OE
lone ᛫ solitary ᛫ isolated ᛫ sole ᛫ single ᛫ individual ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lonesome lonesum ᛫ solitary ᛫ lonely ᛫ unfrequented ᛫ AJ ~ NE
long ᛫ to have a strong wish or desire ᛫ V ~ NE
long ᛫ to concern [ᚾ] ᛫ to pertain [ᚾ] ᛫ to relate [ᚾ] ᛫ to be affiliated [ᚾ] ᛫ V lō̆ngen ME generally used with "to"
long hundred ᛫ 120 ᛫ N long hundred ME
long sweetening sƿeetening ᛫ molasses ᛫ N ~ NE South & Midland US
Longbeard ᛫ a Lombard ᛫ N(P) langbeard OE
longgun ᛫ a gun with a long barrel ᛫ a cannon ᛫ N ~ NE
longminded ᛫ longanimous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
longmindedness ᛫ longanimousness ᛫ N ~ NE
longmood ᛫ patient ᛫ AJ langmōd OE
longmoodly ᛫ patiently ᛫ AV langmōdlīce OE
longmoodness ᛫ patience ᛫ N langmōdness OE
longplayer ᛫ a kind of vinyl record ᛫ an album of music which is full length ᛫ N ~ NE "LP" for short
longshoreman longscoreman ᛫ a stevedore ᛫ a docker ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
longshort longscort ᛫ a trochee ᛬ trochaic ᛫ N᛬AJ long-short ANE [OED]
longsome longsum ᛫ tediously long ᛫ AJ ~[langsum] NE
longwinded longƿinded ᛫ of continuing at tedious length ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lonk ᛫ pride ᛫ arrogance ᛬ physically beautiful ᛫ graceful ᛫ noble ᛫ fine ᛫ splendid ᛫ majestic ᛫ arrogant ᛫ haughty ᛫ proud ᛫ pompous ᛫ N wlonk[wlanc] ME
lonkful ᛫ arrogant ᛫ full of arrogance ᛫ AJ wlonkful ME
loof ᛫ the palm of the hand ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
lookbook ᛫ a photo album for a particular thing ( genre , artist , etc ) ᛫ N ~ NE
looking glass ᛫ a mirror ᛫ N ~ NE
lookout lookute ᛫ an observation post ᛫ a sentinel ᛫ sentry ᛫ N ~ NE
looks ᛫ one's physical appearance or attractiveness ᛫ N ~ NE
loom ᛫ an implement ᛫ a means ( figurative ) ᛫ a weaving machine ᛫ a device ᛫ a machine ᛫ N loom&lōme NE&ME
loose ᛫ relaxed ᛫ unrestrained ᛫ unsecure ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹N
lootby ᛫ a concubine ᛫ a paramour ᛫ N loteby ME
looth looþ ᛫ booty ᛫ spoils ᛬ to take booty ᛫ N᛬V hlōþ&hlōþian OE
lop ᛫ a spider ᛫ a flea ᛫ a fly ᛫ an insect [ᚹ] ᛫ N loppe ME
lord ᛫ a master ᛫ a nobleman ᛫ N ~ NE
lording ᛫ a lord ᛫ a sir ᛫ N lōrding ME "used by persons of humbler station to their superiors; by poets, minstrels, or storytellers to readers or audience" - MEC
lordly ᛫ noble ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lordship lordscip ᛫ dominion ᛫ authority ᛫ domain ᛫ jurisdiction ᛫ the state of being a lord ᛫ N ~ NE
lordswike lordsƿike ᛫ a traitor to one's lord ᛫ N lordswike ME
lore ᛫ information ᛫ a system of tenets , principles , and precepts of a field of knowledge , a science , or a religion ᛫ N ~ NE
lore ᛫ -ology ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
lorebisen ᛫ a specimen ᛫ N lārbysn OE
loreboder ᛫ a preacher ᛫ N lārbodung+er OE+NE
loreboding ᛫ preaching ᛫ V lārbodung OE
lorebook ᛫ a textbook ᛫ N lārbōc OE
lorefather lorefaþer ᛫ a teacher ᛫ N lōrefader ME
lorehouse lorehuse ᛫ a school ᛫ a university ᛫ a college ᛫ N lārhūs OE
lorel ᛫ a rogue ᛫ a rascal ᛫ a scoundrel ᛫ a wretched person ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
loreless ᛫ lacking learning or knowledge ᛫ ignorant ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
lorelest ᛫ ignorance ᛫ educationlessness ᛫ N lārlēast OE
lorelistend ᛫ one who listens to instruction ᛫ a catechumen ᛫ N lārhlystend OE
lorelship lorelscip ᛫ rascality ᛫ N lorelshipe ME
lorely ᛫ instructive ᛫ of or pertaining to lore ᛫ AJ lārlīc OE
lorequid lorecƿid ᛫ a precept ᛫ a doctrine ᛫ N lārcwide OE
loresman ᛫ an instructor ᛫ an expert ᛫ a master of a field of knowledge ᛫ N loresman ME earthloresman = geologist"
loresmith loresmiþ ᛫ a wise man ᛫ N lārsmiþ OE
lorespel ᛫ a sermon ᛫ an epistle ᛫ a homily ᛫ a treatise ᛫ an essay ᛫ N lōrspel[lārspell] ME
loreswike loresƿike ᛫ false lore ᛫ pseudo-science ᛫ N lārswic OE
lorethew loreþeƿ ᛫ a teacher ᛫ an instructor ᛫ a preceptor ᛫ a master of a subject or craft ᛫ a professor [ᚹ] ᛫ N lorthew{lareow} ME or: larew (from ME lareow, a shortened version of the word)
lorewit loreƿit ᛫ a learned man ᛫ N lārwita OE
lorn ᛫ doomed ᛫ lost ᛫ forlorn ᛫ desolate ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
losel ᛫ a worthless person ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
loseyns ᛫ lasagna / lasagne ᛫ N loseyns ME‹I
loss ᛫ a defeat ᛫ N ~ NE
lot ᛫ a large quantity ᛫ a bunch of people ᛫ a portion ᛫ an allotment ᛫ one's role in life ᛫ a role ᛫ N ~ NE
loth loþ ᛫ a cloak ᛫ an upper garment ᛫ a mantle ᛫ N loþa OE maybe should be "lother"?
loud lude ᛫ noise ᛫ clamor ᛫ tumult ᛬ noisy ᛫ clamorous ᛫ N᛬AJ loud&lūde[hlȳd] NE&ME
loudlore ludelore ᛫ acoustics ᛫ N lūde+lore ME+NE
lough luge ᛫ a place ᛫ a stead ᛫ N logh[lōh] ME rhyme: tough or plough
lough luge ᛫ a loch ᛫ N lough[luh] ME‹OE‹C rhyme: plough
louk look ᛫ to close ᛫ to shut ᛫ to fasten ᛫ to lock up ᛫ to enclose ᛫ to surround ᛫ N ~ ANE rhyme: luke; brook
lour lure ᛫ a frown ᛫ a scowl ᛫ a sullen look ᛬ to frown ᛫ to scowl ᛫ to look sullen ᛫ N᛬V ~[lǒuren] NE [OED] ᛫ rhyme: hour
louse luse ᛫ an Anoplura insect ᛫ a Mallophaga insect ᛫ N louse NE PL: lice
lousy lusey ᛫ full of lice ᛫ of low quality ᛫ contemptible ᛫ paltry ᛫ AJ lousy NE
lout lute ᛫ to lurk ᛫ to lie hidden ᛫ V lǒuten[lūtian]{lōten} ME
lout lute ᛫ an awkward brutish person ᛬ to bow in respect ᛫ to submit ᛫ to yield ᛫ N᛬V lout[louten] NE
love luf ᛫ extreme affection ᛫ N ~ NE
loveapple lufappel ᛫ a tomato ᛫ N ~ NE
lovebite lufbite ᛫ a hickey ᛫ N love bite NE [OED]
loveday lufday ᛫ a day arranged for reconciliation or arbitration ᛫ to "break a loveday" is to violate the agreements made on a loveday
loveling lufling ᛫ a dear and lovely creature ᛫ a darling ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
lovelorn luflorn ᛫ without love ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lovendly lufendly ᛫ adorable ᛫ lovable ᛫ AJ love+enlīc NE+ME
lovered lufred ᛫ love ( opposite of hatred ) ᛫ N lovereden ME
lovesome lufsum ᛫ affectionate ᛫ amorous ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
lovestitch lufstic ᛫ a Levisticum officinale plant ( lovage ) ᛫ N luuestiche ME‹OE‹I [OED]
lovetoken luftoken ᛫ something given as a sign or token of love ᛫ N love token NE
loveworthy lufƿorþy ᛫ lovable ᛫ meriting love ᛫ AJ ~ NE
low loƿ ᛫ a mound ( esp a burial mount ? ) ᛫ a tumulus ᛫ N ~[hlǣw] NE rhyme: snow
low loƿ ᛫ to moo ᛫ V ~[hlōwan] NE rhyme: snow
low loƿ ᛫ a low place ᛫ a commoner ᛫ a humble person ᛫ N loue ME‹N
lowend loƿend ᛫ of the lowest quality ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lower chavelbone loƿer cafelbone ᛫ a mandible ᛫ N lower+chavel+bone NE‹N+ME+NE or: nether chavelbone
lower noseshell loƿer nosescell ᛫ an inferior nasal concha ᛫ N lower+nose+shell NE‹N+NE×2 or: nether noseshell ᛫ calque: onderste neusschelp
lowkey loƿkey ᛫ subtle ᛬ subtly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE‹(N+E)
lowland loƿland ᛫ a stretch of low or unmountainous land ᛫ N ~ NE
lowlife loƿlife ᛫ a despicable person ᛫ a scoundrel ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
lowling loƿling ᛫ a person of low status ᛫ a commoner ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
lowminded loƿminded ᛫ inclined to vulgar or unworthy things ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(N+E+E) [MW]
lox ᛫ a lynx ᛫ N lox OE
Ludder ᛫ a Luddite ᛫ one opposed to technological change ᛫ N ~ NE or: Ludd
lungwort lungƿurt ᛫ a Helleborus niger plant ᛫ N lǒngwort[lungenwyrt] ME
lur ᛫ destruction ᛫ perdition ᛫ damage ᛫ loss ᛫ N lur/lire/lure[lyre] ME
lurk ᛫ a method of fraud ᛫ N ~ NE from the verb "lurk" ᛫ slang
lurry ᛫ destructive ᛫ AJ lure+y ME+NE
lust ᛫ desire ᛫ appetite ᛫ craving ᛫ N lust&lust NE&OE
lustbere ᛫ desirable ᛫ AJ lustbǣre OE
lustihood ᛫ licentiousness ᛫ N ~ NE
lusty ᛫ vigorous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
lutter ᛫ clear ᛫ pure ᛫ unadulterated ᛫ innocent ᛫ sincere ᛫ authentic ᛫ AJ lutter[hlutor] ME
lutty ᛫ sly ᛫ crafty ᛫ cunning ᛫ astute ᛫ AJ lutiȝ[lytig] ME
lye ᛫ fire ᛫ lightning ᛫ plasma [ᚹ] ᛬ to blaze ᛫ N᛬V lei/lye&leien[līg] ME&ME
lyerash lyerasc ᛫ a flash of lightning ᛫ N līgræsc OE [OED]
Lyor ᛫ Loire ᛫ N(P) ligore OE
Mackedony ᛫ Macedonia ᛫ Macedon ᛫ N(P) mæcedonie OE
mad ᛫ insane ᛫ frenzied ᛫ crazy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
madapple madappel ᛫ an aubergine ᛫ an eggplant ᛫ a brinjal ᛫ N ~ NE "earliest use found in Henry Lyte (1529–1607)" - Lexico
madden ᛫ to derange ᛫ V ~ NE
maddock ᛫ an earthworm ᛫ a maggot ᛫ N ~ ANE
madhouse madhuse ᛫ a psychiatric institution ᛫ a chaotic place ᛫ N ~ NE
madness ᛫ insanity ᛫ N ~ NE
Maid ᛫ Virgo ᛫ PN ~ ANE
maid ᛫ a female domestic servant ᛫ a girl ᛫ N ~ NE
maiden ᛫ a girl ᛫ a young woman ᛫ an unmarried girl ᛫ an unmarried young woman ᛫ a virgin ᛫ N ~[mægden] NE
maidenfly maidenfly ᛫ a damselfly ᛫ N maiden+fly NE×2 calque: damselfly
maidenhead ᛫ the hymen ᛫ N ~ NE
maidenhood ᛫ virginity or celibacy ( of both men and women ) ᛫ N ~ NE
mail ᛫ earnest ᛫ firm ᛫ strenuous ᛫ AJ meagol OE
mailness ᛫ earnestness ᛫ N meagolness OE
maily ᛫ earnestly ᛫ strenuously ᛫ AV meagollīce OE
main ᛫ power ᛫ ability ᛫ efficacy ᛫ capacity ᛫ a military force ᛫ a continuous stretch of land or water ( an ocean ) ᛬ principle ᛫ prime ᛫ chief ᛬ very ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬AV main&main&mægen NE&ME&OE
mainframe ᛫ a large powerful computer used to perform many simultaneous complex tasks ᛫ N ~ NE
mainful ᛫ powerful ᛫ mighty ᛫ AJ mainful ME
mainhew mainheƿ ᛫ a primary colour ᛫ N main+hue NE×2
mainless ᛫ weak ᛫ feeble ᛫ powerless ᛫ AJ mægenlēas OE
mainly ᛫ principally ᛫ chiefly ᛫ mostly ᛫ AV ~ NE
mainstay ᛫ a chief support ᛫ a regular contributor ᛫ N ~ NE "stay" is a nautical word from Old English.
mainstream ᛫ the ideas , attitudes , or activities that are regarded as normal or conventional ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mair ᛫ to macerate ᛬ meager ᛫ lean V᛬AJ mæger&mægerian OE&OE kin: meager
maister ᛫ a magister ᛫ a master ᛫ a man having control or authority over a place ᛫ N magister/mægister OEᚠI
maith maiþ ᛫ the Anthemis cotula plant ( stinking camomile ) ᛫ N maithe ME
maith maiþ ᛫ a family ᛫ relatives ᛫ a tribe ᛫ a clan ᛫ N mæith&mǣgþ ME&OE
maith maiþ ᛫ a girl ᛫ a maiden ᛫ a virgin ᛫ N mægþ OE
maithhood maiþhood ᛫ virginity ᛫ N mægþhad OE see: maidenhood
make ᛫ a married couple ᛫ a couple ᛫ a mate ᛫ an equal ᛫ a peer ᛫ a rival ᛫ a counterpart ᛬ to mate with ᛫ to marry ᛫ to pair with ᛫ N᛬V māke[gemaca]&māken ME&ME
make ᛫ to create ᛫ to produce ᛫ to cause ᛫ V ~ NE
make good ᛫ to repay ᛫ to compensate ᛫ to atone ᛫ to repair ᛫ to restore ᛫ to fulfil ᛫ to satisfy expectations ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
make up ᛫ to invent ᛫ to fabricate ᛫ V ~ NE
makebelief makebeleef ᛫ the abstract quality of making believe ᛫ N ~ NE
makebelieve makebeleef ᛫ the act of pretending ᛬ to pretend ᛬ imaginary ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~ NE
makegame ᛫ an object of ridicule ᛫ N ~ NE
makeover makeofer ᛫ an overhaul of something's or someone's appearance ᛫ N ~ NE
maker ᛫ a creator ᛫ a producer ᛫ N ~ NE
makeshift makescift ᛫ a usually crude and temporary expedient ᛬ impromptu ᛫ ad hoc ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
making ᛫ cause ᛫ N ~ NE
Malawi Mere Malaƿee ᛫ Lake Malawi ᛫ N(P) Malawi+mere NE‹O+NE
malm ᛫ a soft crumbly chalky rock or the fertile loamy soil produced as it weathers ᛫ sandy or chalky soil ᛫ N malm&malm[mealm] NE&ME
malshave malscafe ᛫ a caterpillar ᛫ N malshave ME
mammer ᛫ to hesitate ᛫ to waver ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
mammer ᛫ deep sleep ᛫ a sopor ᛫ N mamor OE
man ᛫ a person ᛫ a human ᛫ a piece ( gaming ) ᛬ to garrison ᛫ to crew ᛫ to operate equipment or machinery ᛫ N ~ NE
man ᛫ one ( generic pronoun ) ᛫ N(PRO) man[man] ME some believe "one" replacing "man" is from French influence, others disagree
man ᛫ to admonish ᛫ exhort ᛫ V manian OE
manbane ᛫ tobacco ( slang ) ᛫ N ~ ANE
mand ᛫ a maund ᛫ a basket ᛫ N mand[mand/mond] ME
mandeed ᛫ an evil deed ᛫ a crime ᛫ a transgression ᛫ N māndǣd OE
maneater ᛫ a cannibal ᛫ an animal with a propensity for human flesh ᛫ N man-eater NE [OED]
manful ᛫ brave and resolute ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mani ᛫ multi- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE [OED] ᛫ found in "manifold" ᛫ rhyme: cranny
manibreed ᛫ multifaceted ᛫ AJ manigbrǣde OE
manifold ᛫ diverse ᛫ numerous ᛫ complicated ᛫ complex ᛫ plural ᛬ to multiply ᛬ repeatedly ᛫ AJ᛬AV manifold&manigfildan NE&OE
manifoldness ᛫ multiplicity ᛫ complexity ᛫ N ~[manigfealdness] NE
manikin ᛫ all kinds of ᛫ various ᛫ AJ manikin ME
Manitoba Mere ᛫ Lake Manitoba ᛫ N(P) Manitoba+mere NE‹O+NE
mank ᛫ to mutilate ᛫ to mangle ᛫ to maim ᛫ V manken ME
mankind ᛫ humanity ᛫ humankind ᛫ N ~ NE
manlike ᛫ a human form ᛫ an image of a man ᛫ a humanoid [ᚹ] ᛫ N mannlīca OE
manlore ᛫ anthropology ᛫ N man+lore NE+NE
manmade ᛫ made or caused by human beings ᛫ artificial ᛫ AJ manmade NE
Mannish Mannisc ᛫ Manx language ᛬ Manx ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Man+ish NE‹C+NE calque: Manx
mannish mannisc ᛫ people ᛫ humanity ᛬ human ( of humans ) ᛫ N᛬AJ mannish{mennish} ME
mannishly manniscly ᛫ humanly ᛫ AV mannisclīce OE
mannishness manniscness ᛫ humanity ᛫ human nature ᛫ humaneness ᛫ N manniscness OE
manoath manoaþ ᛫ perjury ᛫ N mānāþ OE
manqualm mancƿalm ᛫ a plague of man ᛫ N manqualm ME
manred ᛫ a pledge of service ᛫ homage ᛫ N manrēden ME example: to nim/take/do/fang manred = to pay homage
manse mans ᛫ to excommunicate ᛫ to curse ᛫ to damn ᛫ V mansen/amansen ME
manseed ᛫ human semen ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
manship manscip ᛫ respect ᛫ dignity ᛫ gallantry ᛫ chivalry ᛫ N ~ NE
manshiply mansciply ᛫ honourably ᛫ courteously ᛫ AV ~ NE
manslayer ᛫ one who commits homicide ᛫ N ~ NE
manswear mansƿear ᛫ to swear falsely ᛫ to perjure ᛫ V ~ NE
mantledeer manteldeer ᛫ a tunicate ( an animal of the Tunicata subphylum ) ᛫ N mantle+deer NE‹‹OE‹I+NE calque: Manteltier; manteldier
manytongued manytunged ᛫ polyglot ᛫ AJ many+tongue+ed NE×3
mar ᛫ to spoil ᛫ to tarnish ᛫ to damage ᛫ V ~ NE
march marc ᛫ an Apium graveolens plant ( celery ) ᛫ N ~[merch][merece] ANE [OED]
mardy ᛫ spoiled ( as in " bratty " ) ᛫ AJ ~[marred] NE used in Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire
mare ᛫ a nightmare-causing entity ᛫ N ~ NE
mare ᛫ an adult female horse ᛫ N ~[mēre] NE
mark ᛫ feature ᛫ characteristic ᛫ attribute ᛫ N ~ NE
mark down ᛫ to put a lower price on ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
mark up ᛫ to put a higher price on ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
markdown markdune ᛫ a lowering of price ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
marked ᛫ having an identifying mark or feature ᛫ enjoying fame or notoriety ᛫ being the target of hostile intentions ᛫ AJ ~ NE
markedly ᛫ noticeably ᛫ conspicuously ᛫ AV ~ NE
marker ᛫ a notary ᛫ N mearcere OE poorly attested
Markish Markisc ᛫ the Mercian tongue ᛬ Mercian ᛫ N᛬AJ Marchisce ME
Markishman Markiscman ᛫ a Mercian ᛫ N Merces ME plural: Marks; Markishmen
Marklaw Marklaƿ ᛫ the region in Britain which was governed by Mercian law ᛫ N(P) merchinelaga OE
markle markel ᛫ a signet ᛫ a seal ᛫ an ensign ᛫ a mark to aim at ᛫ N mircels OE
Markrich Markric ᛫ the kingdom of Mercia ᛫ N(P) Merkyneriche[Miercna Rīce] ME or: Mark (ME Merce); March (ME Merce)
markstead ᛫ a borderland ᛫ N mearcstede OE
markup ᛫ a highering of price ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
markworthy markƿorþy ᛫ noteworthy ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
marmstone ᛫ marble ᛫ N marmestan[marmanstān] ME
marplot ᛫ a person or thing which ruins a plan ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
marrow marroƿ ᛫ a courgette ᛫ a zucchini ᛫ N ~ NE
marsh marsc ᛫ a stretch of unforested wetland ᛫ N ~ NE
marth marþ ᛫ a marten ( a kind of weasel ) ᛫ N mearþ OE
mash masc ᛫ pulp ᛬ to crush or smash something to a pulp ᛫ to press forcefully ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
masker ᛫ to wander aimlessly ᛫ to bewilder ᛫ to confuse ᛫ to bewitch ᛫ to fascinate ᛫ V masker&malskren NE&ME of note: malscrung ᛫ [LEX]
maslin ᛫ brass ? ᛫ an alloy of copper with some harder metal ᛫ N maslin[mæstling/mæslen] ANE&ME [EDD][MEC] ᛫ glosses: aes; aurichalcum; electrum
mast ᛫ forest tree fruit ( acorns , beechnuts , etc ) often used as food for swine ᛫ N mast[mæst] ME
masten ᛫ a mast-pasture ( a pasture for feeding mast to swine ) ᛫ N mæsten OE
masten ᛫ to fatten an animal ᛫ V masten ME
mat ᛫ a pad ᛫ N ~ NE‹‹I
match mac ᛫ a parallel ᛫ a spouse ᛫ a mate ᛫ a pair ᛫ a couple ᛫ N match&gemæcca NE&OE kin: make
math maþ ᛫ a mowing ᛫ that which is gathered by mowing ᛫ N ~ NE found in "aftermath"
mathe maþe ᛫ a maggot ᛫ a grub ᛫ N māthe[maþa] ME
mathel maþel ᛫ to speak formally ᛫ to declaim ᛫ to declare ᛫ to give a speech ᛫ V mathelen ME
mathelstead maþelstead ᛫ a place of assembly ᛫ N mæþelstede OE
mathom maþom ᛫ a trinket ᛫ a knickknack ᛫ a treasure ᛫ N ~[māþum] NE‹OE revived by Tolkien
mathomhouse maþomhuse ᛫ a treasury ᛫ N māþumhūs OE
mattock ᛫ a farming tool with right angled blades like a pickaxe ᛫ N ~ NE
maw maƿ ᛫ a mouth ᛫ a stomach ᛫ appetite ᛫ inclination ᛫ liking ᛫ N ~ NE
maw maƿ ᛫ a boy ᛫ a young adult human male ᛫ N magu OE
mawk maƿk ᛫ a maggot ᛫ N ~ NE‹N kin: maddock
mawkish maƿkisc ᛫ sentimental in an exaggerated or false way ᛫ sappy ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹N
may ᛫ a family member ᛫ a relative ᛫ a kins-person ᛫ a kinsman ᛫ a kinswoman ᛫ N mei&mai[mǣg][mæg] ME&ME merge of two related words
may ᛫ to mix ᛫ to mash ᛫ to blend ᛫ V maȝcen&mecgan ME&OE
maybe ᛫ possibly ᛫ perchance ᛫ AV ~ NE
mayhap ᛫ perhaps ᛫ possibly ᛫ AV ~ NE
mayheamed ᛫ incest ᛫ N mæghǣmed OE
maywrit mayƿrit ᛫ a writing containing a list of kinsmen ᛫ a genealogical table ᛫ pedigree ᛫ N mǣggewrit OE glossary word
maze mase ᛫ a labyrinth ᛬ to confuse ᛫ to confound ᛫ N᛬V maze&māsen NE&ME
meadow meadoƿ ᛫ a stretch of grassland ( esp one used for hay ) ᛫ N ~ NE or: mead
meadowsweet meadoƿsƿeet ᛫ a Filipendula ulmaria plant ᛫ N ~ NE
meal ᛫ to stain ᛫ to spot ᛫ to mark ᛫ V ~[gemǣlan] ANE
meal ᛫ a container ᛫ a basin ᛫ a bucket ᛫ a tub ᛫ a measure of time ᛫ N mēle[mēle/mǣle] ME
meal ᛫ grain which has been turned into a powder ᛫ flour ᛫ N ~[mēle][melu/meolo] NE
mean ᛫ common ᛫ general ᛫ rude ᛫ cruel ᛫ AJ ~[mǣne] NE "mean" as in average comes from "medianus"
mean ᛫ to intend ᛫ V ~[mǣnan] NE
meaningly ᛫ intentionally ᛫ purposely ᛫ AV ~ NE
meanly ᛫ common ᛫ shared ᛫ AJ menelich ME
meanname ᛫ a common noun ᛫ N mean+name NE×2 calque: common noun; gemǣnelīc nama
meanness ᛫ a piece of commonly held land ᛫ communion ᛫ N mēnnesse ME Minnises of Kent may come from dialectal alteration of this word
meanwealth meanƿealþ ᛫ a republic ᛫ N mean+wealth NE×2 calque: commonwealth
mearth mearþ ᛫ grandeur ᛫ a marvel ᛫ a glorious thing ᛫ N mērthe[mǣrþu] ME
meat ᛫ ( shows the word pertains to food and culinary arts ) ᛫ PREFIX mete OE example: "meteswamb" means "edible mushroom"
meateater ᛫ a carnivore ᛫ N ~ NE
meatfettle meatfettel ᛫ a chest or a cupboard for storing food ᛫ a pantry ᛫ a larder ᛫ a butlery ᛫ N meatfittle ANE
meatsax ᛫ a food knife ᛫ N meteseax OE
meddem ᛫ common ᛫ average ᛫ mediocre ᛫ AJ medeme[medume] ME
medge mecg ᛫ an adult human male ᛫ N megge[mecg] ME
meech meec ᛫ a sword ᛫ N meche[mēce] ME
meechfish meecfisc ᛫ a Mugilidae fish ( a mullet ) ᛫ N mēcefisc OE
meed ᛫ a payment ᛫ a reward ᛫ an award ᛫ a bribe ᛫ merit ᛫ desert ᛬ to reward ᛫ to deserve ᛫ to merit ᛫ N᛬V mẹ̄de&mẹ̄den[mēd] ME&ME
meedful ᛫ meritorious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
meel ᛫ speech ᛬ to speak ᛫ N᛬V mēlen&mǣl&mǣlan ME&OE&OE kin: mal (N)
meer ᛫ famous ᛫ renowned ᛫ illustrious ᛫ distinguished ᛫ celebrated ᛫ AJ mēr[mǣre] ME
meet ᛫ to dream ᛫ to have a vision ᛫ V mēten[mǣtan] ME
meet ᛫ suitable ᛫ fitting ᛫ proper ᛫ AJ ~[gemǣte] NE
meeth meeþ ᛫ abstemiousness ᛫ self-restraint ᛫ self-imposed discipline ᛫ temperance ᛫ capacity ᛫ capability ᛫ N mēthe&mǣþ ME&OE
meeth meeþ ᛫ exhausted ᛫ weary ᛫ AJ mēþe OE
meethe meeth ᛫ to restrain oneself ᛫ to bring within bounds [ᛏ] ᛫ V mēthen[mǣþian] ME rhyme: breathe
meethful meeþful ᛫ temperate ᛫ modest ᛫ undemanding ᛫ moderate ᛫ AJ mēthful[mǣþful] ME
meeting ᛫ a dream ( esp prophetic or admonitory ) ᛫ a vision ᛫ N mētinge[mǣting] ME
meetly ᛫ suitably ᛫ properly ᛫ AV meet+ly NE×2
meld ᛫ to fuse ᛫ V ~ NE
mensk ᛫ honour ᛫ an honoured state or condition ᛫ honourable ᛫ praiseworthy ᛫ N᛬AJ menske ME‹N
mere ᛫ a sea ᛫ a lake ᛫ a pond ᛫ N ~ NE found in: mermaid
mere ᛫ a border ᛫ boundary ᛬ to set a border or boundary ᛫ N᛬V ~[mǣre] NE
mereing ᛫ a written note on a map giving information about a boundary ᛫ N ~ NE
mergroat ᛫ a pearl ᛫ N meregrot OE eggcorn term
merrail ᛫ a sail ( poetic ) ᛫ N merehrægel OE
merrow merroƿ ᛫ soft ᛫ frail ᛫ tender ᛫ AJ meruw[mearu] ME
merry ᛫ cheerful and lively ᛫ festive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
merrymake ᛫ to celebrate ᛫ to be festive ᛫ V ~ NE
merrymaker ᛫ a reveler ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
merrymaking ᛫ festivity ᛫ conviviality ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
merryman ᛫ a jester ᛫ a buffoon ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
merrymeeting ᛫ a festive gathering ᛫ a festival [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
merse mers ᛫ to exalt ᛫ to glorify ᛫ to make known ᛫ V mǣrsian OE
merswine mersƿine ᛫ a dolphin ᛫ N ~[mereswīn] NE
meshdoor mescdoor ᛫ a screen door ᛫ N mesh+door NE×2
mess ᛫ to feed ᛫ to furnish with provisions ᛫ V metsian OE
messing ᛫ provision ᛫ N mesing&metsung ME&OE
mete ᛫ to paint ᛫ to sculpt ᛫ V mẹ̄ten[mētan] ME
mete ᛫ a measurement ᛫ a measure ᛫ a mood ( grammar ) ᛫ a measure ( music ) ᛬ to measure ᛫ to regulate ᛫ to moderate ᛫ N᛬V gemet&mete&metgian OE&NE&OE "mood" from Ælfric the grammarian
meted ᛫ the Maker ᛫ God ( poetic ) ᛫ N metod/meodod OE
metekindly ᛫ metrical ᛫ AJ metcundlic OE
meteledge metelecg ᛫ to moderate ᛫ V gemetlǣcan OE
meteyard ᛫ a measuring rod ᛫ N ~ NE
methinks meþinks ᛫ it seems to me ᛫ V ~ NE
meting ᛫ a measurement ᛫ an amount ᛫ measuring ᛫ dimensions ᛫ N meting&mēting NE&ME
meting ᛫ -metry ᛫ SUFFIX mete+-ing NE×2
meting ᛫ a painting ᛫ a picture ᛫ a sculpture ᛫ an image [ᚹ] ᛫ N mēting OE
mew meƿ ᛫ a gull ᛫ a seagull ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
mewel meƿel ᛫ a maiden ᛫ a damsel ᛫ N mēowle OE
Michigan Mere Miscigan ᛫ Lake Michigan ᛫ N(P) Michigan+mere NE‹O+NE
mid ᛫ with ( as in "together" never as in "against" ) ᛫ P ~ ME found in: midwife
mid ᛫ co- ᛫ PREFIX mid OE
mid eld ᛫ the middle ages ᛬ medieval ᛫ N᛬AJ mid+eld NE+ME calque
midbody ᛫ the middle of the body ᛫ the torso ᛫ N ~ NE
midbrain ᛫ the mesencephalon ᛫ N ~ NE
middaily ᛫ meridian ᛫ AJ middæglīc OE
midday ᛫ noon ᛫ N ~ NE "noon" comes from Latin
middenhead ᛫ a dunghil's top ᛫ N ~ NE
middenstead ᛫ a dunghil ᛫ the site of a dunghill ᛫ N ~ NE
middleground middelgrund ᛫ a compromise ᛫ N middle ground NE
middleman middelman • an intermediary • a liaison • a retailer • N ~ NE [OED]
middling ᛫ average ᛫ moderate ᛫ mean ᛫ median ᛫ medium ᛫ mediocre ᛫ intermediate ᛬ fairly ᛫ moderately ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
midge micg ᛫ a mosquito [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
midgut ᛫ the central loop of the alimentary canal of an embryo between the foregut and the hindgut ᛫ N ~ NE
mididone ᛫ immediately ᛫ AV mididọ̄ne ME
midred ᛫ a diaphragm ᛫ a greater omentum ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
midriff ᛫ the midsection of the human torso ᛫ N ~ NE
midsummer ᛫ the summer solstice ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
midthole midþole ᛫ to sympathize ᛫ V midþolian OE
midtholing midþoling ᛫ compassion ᛫ N midtholinge ME
midwinter midƿinter ᛫ the winter solstice ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
midwist midƿist ᛫ the act of being with others ᛫ co-being ᛫ participation ᛫ N midwist OE
Midyard ᛫ Earth ᛫ Midgard ᛫ Middle Earth ᛫ N(P) middangeard OE "Middle Earth" is a corruption of a corruption of Middangeard
mield meeld ᛫ to accuse ᛫ to tell on someone ᛫ to inform against ᛫ to inform ᛫ to report ᛫ to evince ᛫ to announce ᛫ V mẹ̄̆lden&meldian ME&OE vowel lengthened in ME?
mielder meelder ᛫ a narrator ᛫ an informer ᛫ an announcer ᛫ N melda OE
migh mige ᛫ to urinate ᛫ to piss ᛫ to pee ᛫ V mīȝen[migan] ME
might migt ᛫ ability ᛫ capacity ᛫ power ᛫ N might&might NE&ME
mighten migten ᛫ to enable ᛫ to empower ᛫ V might+en NE×2
mightened migtened ᛫ enabled ᛫ empowered ᛫ AJ might+en+ed NE×3
mighth migþ ᛫ urine ᛫ pee ᛫ piss ᛫ N miȝethe ME rhyme: writhe
mighthleech migþleec ᛫ a urologist ᛫ N miȝethe+leech ME+NE rhyme: writhe peach
mightlihood migtlihood ᛫ a possibility ᛫ N mightly+hood OE+NE inspired by: likelihood
mightly migtly ᛫ possible ᛫ AJ mihtlic/meahtelic OE
milch milc ᛫ able to give milk ᛫ able to be milked ᛫ AJ milch ME
milch cow milc cue ᛫ a cow kept for milking ᛫ a cash cow ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
mildheart ᛫ merciful ᛫ AJ mildheort OE
mildheartly ᛫ mercifully ᛫ AJ᛬AV mildheortlīce OE
mildheartness ᛫ mercy ᛫ N mildheortnes OE
miles ᛫ an Atriplex plant ( an orache ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
militish militisc ᛫ military ᛫ martial ᛫ AJ militisc OE‹I
milkcoffee ᛫ latte ᛫ N milk+coffee NE×2‹ calque: caffè latte
milken ᛫ lactael ᛫ AJ ~ NE
milkhouse milkhuse ᛫ a dairy ᛫ a creamery ᛫ a cheesery ᛫ a lactarium ᛫ N ~ NE
milklithe milkliþe ᛫ very soft ᛫ very gentle ᛫ soft as milk ᛫ AJ meolclīþe OE
milksop ᛫ a feeble or ineffectual person ᛫ a coward ᛫ N ~ NE
milksoppy ᛫ timid ᛫ milquetoast ᛫ insipid ᛫ ADJ ~ NE
millbeetle millbeetel ᛫ a cockroach ᛫ N ~ NE‹(I+E)
milse ᛫ mercy ᛫ pardon ᛬ to be merciful to ᛫ to pardon ᛬ mercy me! ᛫ N᛬V᛬I milce&milcen ME
milsey ᛫ a milk strainer ᛫ N ~ NE from milk-sye, from Middle English mylke syhe (milk sieve)
milt ᛫ spleen ᛫ N ~ NE
milth milþ ᛫ mercy ᛫ N milthe ME kin: mild
mimmer ᛫ to keep in memory ᛫ to remember ᛫ V mimorian OE
min ᛫ memory ᛫ remembrance ᛫ N min ME
minchen mincen ᛫ a nun ᛫ a female monk ᛫ N minchen[mynecenu] ME should Munich be named this in Anglisc?
mind ᛫ to be bothered by [ᛏ] ᛫ to care (if) [ᛏ] ᛫ to keep in mind [ᛏ] ᛫ to call to mind [ᛏ] ᛫ to remember [ᛏ] ᛫ V mīnden ME "mind your manners", "it is to be minded that", "she minded well", "I mind if you do that"
mindfarer ᛫ a psychonaut ᛫ N mind+farer NE×2
mindful ᛫ having mental faculties not dulled by sleep faintness or stupor ᛫ AJ ~ NE
minding ᛫ a remembering ᛫ V mīnding ME
mindless ᛫ senseless ᛫ stupid ᛫ heedless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mindlokening ᛫ psychiatry ᛫ N mind+lācnung NE+OE
mindlore ᛫ psychology ᛫ N mind+lore NE
mindly ᛫ mental ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mindset ᛫ a mentality ᛫ N ~ NE
minge mincg ᛫ to mix ᛫ to blend ᛫ to mingle ᛫ V mē̆nǧen ME rhyme: singe ᛫ kin: mingle
mingle mingel ᛫ to mix ᛫ to associate ( esp at social functions ) ᛫ V ~ NE
minse ᛫ to diminish ᛫ to chop into bits ᛫ to mince ᛫ V minsian OE kin: mince
minster ᛫ a monastery ᛫ N minster[mynster] ME‹OE‹I
mint ᛫ an intent ᛫ an aiming ᛬ to intend ᛫ to aim ( with a weapon or otherwise ) ᛫ N minten[myntan] ME
mir ᛫ myrrh ᛫ a Commiphora myrrha plant ᛫ N mirre/murre[myrra/myrre] ME‹OE‹I‹H‹O or: mur
mire ᛫ a fen ᛫ a bog ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
mirth mirþ ᛫ merriment ᛫ jollity ᛫ amusement ᛬ to amuse ᛫ to entertain ᛫ to cheer up ᛫ N mirth&mirthen NE&ME
misbegotten ᛫ illegitimate ( born out of wedlock ) ᛫ ill-conceived ᛫ AJ ~ NE
misbehaving misbehafing ᛫ misconduct ᛫ N misbehaving ME
misbeholden ᛫ disobliging ᛫ unbecoming ᛫ offensive ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
misbelieve misbeleef ᛫ to disbelieve ᛫ to hold an erronious belief ᛫ V ~ NE
misbid ᛫ to abuse ᛫ to mistreat ᛫ V misbidden ME
misbirth misbirþ ᛫ a miscarriage ᛫ N ~ NE
misbrook ᛫ to misuse ᛫ V mis+brook NE×2
mischar miscar ᛫ to pervert ᛫ V miscyrran OE
misdeed ᛫ an offense ᛫ N ~ NE
misdeem ᛫ to misjudge ᛫ V ~ NE
misdoom ᛫ a misjudgment / a misjudgement ᛫ N misdōm ME
misfall ᛫ a mishap ᛫ misfortune ᛬ to suffer bad luck ᛫ to turn out badly ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [CED]
misfare ᛫ an error ᛫ a transgression ᛫ a mishap ᛫ misfortune ᛫ ill fate ᛬ to err ᛫ to transgress ᛫ to go wrong or astray ᛫ to be unfortunate ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [LEX]
misgang ᛫ a trespass ᛫ N misgang ME
misgiving misgifing ᛫ doubt ᛫ apprehension ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N) de-Norsed: misyeafing/misgeefing ᛫ usually plural: "misgivings"
mish misc ᛫ to mix ᛫ V miscian OE
mishandle mishandel ᛫ to maltreat ᛫ to mistreat ᛫ to abuse ᛫ to misuse ᛫ to mismanage ᛫ V ~ NE
mishap mishap ᛫ an unfortunate accident ᛫ N ~ NE
mishappen mishappen ᛫ to occur by misfortune ᛫ V ~ NE
mislear ᛫ to miseducate ᛫ to misinform ᛫ V mislēren[mislǣran] ME
mislike ᛫ to dislike ᛫ V misliken ME
mislore ᛫ evil teaching ᛫ misinformation ᛫ N ~ NE
misname ᛫ a misnomer ᛬ to call by a wrong name ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
misnim ᛫ to mistake ᛫ V misnimen ME PST: misnam, PTCP: misnum
misnimming ᛫ a mistake ᛫ an error ᛫ N misniminge ME
misput ᛫ to misplace ᛫ V ~ NE
misqueath miscƿeaþ ᛫ to slander ᛫ to calumniate ᛫ to malign ᛫ to slander ᛫ to traduce ᛫ V miscweþan OE
misqueme miscƿeem ᛫ to displease ᛫ V miscwemen ME
misread ᛫ to misadvise ᛫ to misinterpret ᛫ V ~ NE
misreckon ᛫ to miscalculate ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
misser ᛫ a half-year ᛫ N missere OE
misshapen misscapen ᛫ deformed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
missliness ᛫ variousness ᛫ diversity ᛫ variability ᛫ ununiformity ᛫ N mislīch+ness ME+NE
missly ᛫ various ᛫ diverse ᛫ variable ᛫ ununiform ᛬ variously ᛫ diversely ᛫ ununiformly ᛫ AJ᛬AV mislīch ME
misspeak ᛫ to mispronounce ᛫ V ~ NE
mist ᛫ fog ᛫ a cloud of smoke ᛫ vapour ( including aromatic vapour ) ᛫ a gas ᛫ N mist&mist NE&ME
Mistassini Mere ᛫ Lac Mistassini ᛫ N(P) Mistassini+mere NE‹O+NE
misthee misþee ᛫ to fail to improve to degenerate ᛫ V misþēon OE
mistide ᛫ to have bad luck ᛫ to turn out badly ᛫ V mistiden ME
mistihood ᛫ a mystery ᛫ mystery ᛫ obscurity ᛫ N mistīhēd ME
mistiming ᛫ an anachronism ᛫ N mis+timing NE×2 invented by William Barnes
mistle mistel ᛫ basil ᛫ mistletoe ᛫ N ~ NE
mistrust ᛫ distrust ᛫ suspicion ᛬ to distrust ᛫ to have no confidence in ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
misunderstand ᛫ to misinterpret ᛫ to misconstrue ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
miswend misƿend ᛫ to go astray ᛫ to subvert ᛫ to pervert ᛫ to deform ᛫ V miswenden ME
miswise misƿise ᛫ to misinstruction ᛫ V miswissian OE
misworking misƿorking ᛫ dysfunctional ᛫ AJ ~ NE
miswrought misƿrougt ᛫ poorly made ᛫ poorly worked ᛫ misworked ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mithe miþe ᛫ to conceal ᛫ to dissemble ᛫ to restrain oneself ᛫ to suppress one's feelings ᛫ to restrain oneself ᛫ to refrain from ᛫ V mithen&mīþan ME&OE
mixen ᛫ a dung heap ᛫ a dunghill ᛫ odure ᛫ N ~[mixen]{meox} NE kin: "mix"
modry ᛫ an aunt ᛫ N moddri[mōdrige] ME
modrydaughter moddrydaugter ᛫ a maternal female cousin ᛫ N moddri+daughter ME+NE built on analogy with "modry sune" ᛫ see "needmay"
modryson moddrysun ᛫ a maternal male cousin ᛫ N moddri sune ME see "needmay"
mold ᛫ soil ᛫ the surface of the earth ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
moldlore ᛫ soil science ᛫ N mold+lore NE×2
Moldova ᛫ Moldova ᛫ N(P) Moldova I
molten ᛫ liquefied by heat ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mond ᛫ a basket ᛫ N mand/mond OE kin: maund
mone ᛫ social intercourse ᛫ sexual intercourse ᛫ N imōne[gemāna] ME
mone ᛫ a companion ᛫ a partner ᛫ companionship ᛫ participation ᛫ assistance ᛫ sexual intercourse ᛫ N mōn ME
mone ᛫ evil ᛫ wickedness falsehood ᛫ evil personified ᛫ the Devil ᛬ wicked ᛫ false ᛫ base ᛫ N᛬AJ mon/man/mone[mān] ME&OE
mong ᛫ a mixture ᛫ a mingling ᛫ an intermixture ᛫ confusion ᛫ dealings or association between people ᛫ N mōng[gemang] ME
mong ᛫ to traffic (with) ᛫ to barter ᛫ V ~[monger] NE backformation of monger which came from mong
monger ᛫ a dealer ᛫ a trader ᛫ N monger NE‹Þ‹I‹H
monkhood munkhood ᛫ monasticism ᛫ monachism ᛫ monastic life ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
monkhouse munkhuse ᛫ a monastery ᛫ N monk house NE‹OE‹(I+E)
monkhouse munkhuse ᛫ a monastery ᛫ a cloister ᛫ N monk-house NE‹(NE‹‹I+NE) [OED]
monkly munkly ᛫ monastic ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(O+E) [MW]
monkstow munkstoƿ ᛫ a monastery ᛫ a hermitage ᛫ N munucstōw OE‹I
Monnight Monnigt ᛫ the night following Monday's dusk ᛫ N(P) ~ NE from mōnanniht or from Monday+night
monthadle monþadel ᛫ menstruation ᛫ N mōnaþādl OE
monthadly monþadly ᛫ undergoing menstruation ᛫ AJ mōnaþādlig OE
monthblood monþblood ᛫ menses ᛫ menstrual blood ᛫ N mōnaþblōd OE
monthly book monþly ᛫ a monthly periodical or magazine ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
mood ᛫ courage ᛫ valor ᛫ a mental state ᛫ an emotional state ᛫ a state of mind ᛫ N ~ NE
moodsick ᛫ distressed ᛫ of troubled mind ᛫ AJ mōdsēoc OE
moodthrake moodþrake ᛫ impetuosity of mind ᛫ impetuous or daring courage ᛫ N mōdþracu OE
moonbone ᛫ a lunate bone ᛫ N moon+bone NE×2 calque: maanbeen, Mondbein
moonling ᛫ a lunatic ᛫ a crazy or insane person ᛫ N ~ NE
moonly ᛫ lunar ᛫ AJ ~ NE
moonmadness ᛫ lunacy ᛫ N moonmadness NE
moonrown moonrune ᛫ a Chinese character ᛫ any character inspired by Chinese characters ( such as those in kana and hangul ) ᛫ N moon+rown NE×2 potentially offensive ᛫ see: Hanrown
moonscape ᛫ a devastated land ᛫ N ~ NE
moonshine moonscine ᛫ illicitly distilled alcohol ᛫ nonsense ᛫ N ~ NE
moonsick ᛫ crazy ᛫ lunatic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
moonstruck ᛫ insane ᛫ crazy ᛫ ludicrous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
moor ᛫ a stretch of uncultivated highland characterized by low-growing vegetation ᛫ N ~ NE
moorfowl moorfule ᛫ the Lagopus scotica bird ᛫ N moorfowl NE
Moorland ᛫ Mauritania ᛫ N(P) Moor+land NE‹O+NE or: Mauritany
moorle moorel ᛫ a rope for mooring a ship ᛫ pronesium ᛫ N mǣrels OE
moose moos ᛫ food ᛫ nourishment ᛫ N mōs OE
moot ᛫ an assembly ᛫ a council ᛬ to broach ᛫ to talk about ᛫ to debate ᛫ to argue ᛫ to dispute ᛬ no longer relevant ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~ NE
moothall moothall ᛫ a room or building in which a moot is held ᛫ N ~ NE
mooting ᛫ conversation ᛫ discussion ᛫ discourse ᛫ debate ᛫ N mooting&motung NE&OE
mootstow mootstoƿ ᛫ a meeting place ᛫ a forum ᛫ N gemōtstōw OE
more ᛫ an edible root ( like a carrot or parsnip ) ᛫ a root ᛫ an origin ᛬ to take root ᛫ to root ᛫ N᛬V more[more]&mōren ME&ME
morebeam ᛫ a Morus plant ( a mulberry tree ) ᛫ N mōrbēam ME‹OE‹I
moreberry ᛫ a mulberry ᛫ N morberi OE‹I
morecrop ᛫ a Pimpinella plant ( a pimpernel ) ᛫ N ~ ANE
moreness ᛫ plurality ᛫ N ~ NE
morning beads ᛫ matins ᛫ N ~ NE
Morningland ᛫ the Orient ᛫ the Far East ᛫ N ~ NE poetic?
morrow morroƿ ᛫ the following day ᛫ the time following an event ᛫ the near future ᛫ N ~ NE
morth morþ ᛫ murder ᛫ slaughter ᛫ N morth ME
mostlings ᛫ for the most part ᛫ AV ~ NE [MW]
mote ᛫ a particle ᛫ an atom ᛫ N ~ NE
motherland moþerland ᛫ the land of one's ancestors or birth ᛫ the country which founded a colony ᛫ N ~ NE
motherly moþerly ᛫ maternal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mothermorth moþermorþ ᛫ matricide ᛫ N mother+morth NE+ME calque: Muttermord
motherslayer moþerslayer ᛫ a matricide ᛫ N mōdorslaga OE
mothertongue moþertung ᛫ one's native language ᛫ N ~ NE
motherwit moþerƿit ᛫ common sense ᛫ N mother wit NE
mothren moþren ᛫ maternal ᛫ AJ mēdren OE
mound mund ᛫ a hand ᛫ a hand ( a measurement ) ᛫ guardianship ᛫ protection ᛫ N mound[mund] ME
moundbreach mundbreac ᛫ violation of security ᛫ N ~ NE
mount munt ᛫ a mountain ᛫ a hill ᛫ N munt[mons] OE‹I
mourn morn ᛫ to grieve ᛫ V ~[mǒrnen][murnan] NE
mousehare musehare ᛫ an Ochotona animal ᛫ a pika ᛫ N mouse-hare NE [OED]
mousehart musehart ᛫ a Tragulidae animal ᛫ a chevrotain ᛫ N mouse+hart NE+NE [OED] ᛫ calque: mouse-deer
mouser muser ᛫ an animal that catches mice ( esp a cat ) ᛫ N ~ NE
mouthharp muþeharp ᛫ a harmonica ᛫ N mouth-harp NE [OED]
mouthly muþely ᛫ oral ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mouthroof muþeroof ᛫ the palate ᛫ N mūþhrōf OE
mouthroofy muþeroofy ᛫ palatal ᛫ AJ mūþhrōf+y OE+NE
mow muhe ᛫ to be able to ᛫ to maybe be able to ᛫ to be permitted to ᛫ to be allowed to ᛫ V mouen ME PST: might ᛫ PTCP: ? ᛫ PRES: may ᛫ PPR: mowing ᛫ rhyme: how
mowing muing ᛫ capable ᛫ able ᛫ AJ mouing{mouen} ME from the present participle of ME "mouen"
much muc ᛫ large ᛫ big ᛫ AJ much/muchel ME
muchel mucel ᛫ to increase ᛫ to magnify ᛫ V muchelen[miclian] ME or: mickle; much
muchness mucness ᛫ majesty ᛫ magnificence ᛫ greatness ᛫ size ᛫ N muchelness ME
mudflow mudfloƿ ᛫ a flowing or hardened stream of mud ᛫ a lahar ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
mug ᛫ a cup ᛫ face ( colloquial ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
mugwort mugƿurt ᛫ an Artemisia vulgaris plant ᛫ an Artemisia plant [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
mum ᛫ silent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mumble mumbel ᛫ a quiet and indistinct utterance ᛬ to murmur ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
mun ᛫ to remember [ᚾ] ᛫ V imunen[gemunan] ME ARCHAIC & NOT RECOMMENDED, CONSIDER: "MIND" INSTEAD
munworthy munƿorþy ᛫ memorable ᛫ worthy of being remembered ᛫ V mun+worthy OE+NE
murder morþer ᛫ a murder ᛬ to murder ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE ". . . -u- and the -d-. . . probably. . . influence of Anglo-Norman, Old French. . . Latin forms" - OED
murdersome morþersum ᛫ murderous ᛫ AJ ~ NE ". . . -u- and the -d-. . . probably. . . influence of Anglo-Norman, Old French. . . Latin forms" - OED
murdry morþry ᛫ muderous ᛫ AJ murder+y NE×2 ". . . -u- and the -d-. . . probably. . . influence of Anglo-Norman, Old French. . . Latin forms" - OED
murk ᛫ darkness or particles that make it hard to see ᛫ N ~ NE
murken ᛫ to murmur ᛫ V murcnian OE
murky ᛫ dark and gloomy ( esp due to thick mist ) ᛫ darkly vague ᛫ obscure ᛫ AJ ~ NE
mut ᛫ to be allowed ᛫ to be permitted ᛫ to be compelled ᛫ must ᛫ may ( subjunctive ) ᛫ V mọ̄ten ME modal verb ᛫ once the present tense of "must" ᛫ shortened ~1500
naft ᛫ poverty ᛫ indigence ᛫ N næft OE literally: not-having? ᛫ see: haft
nafty ᛫ poor ( unwealthy ) ᛫ indigent ᛫ AJ næftig OE
nag ᛫ to niggle or to gripe continuously ᛫ V ~ NE
nailkin ᛫ a Dianthus plant ( a carnation ) ᛫ N nail+kin NE+ME calque: Nelke
nake ᛫ to strip ᛫ to undress ᛫ V ~ NE
nake ᛫ a seacraft ᛫ N naca OE kin: navy
naked ᛫ stripped ᛫ naked ᛫ undressed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
nakedness ᛫ nudity ᛫ N ~ NE
nam ᛫ am not ᛫ V neom OE equal to: nay am
name ᛫ a noun ᛫ N ~ NE calque: nōmen
namebook ᛫ a register of names ᛫ N nambōc OE
namecouth namecooþ ᛫ famous ᛫ well-known ᛫ of note ᛫ of renown ᛫ AJ namcūþ OE
nameless ᛫ anonymous ᛫ indefinable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
namelessness ᛫ anonymity ᛫ indefinability ᛫ N ~ NE
namesake ᛫ one who is named after another or for whom another is named ᛫ N ~ NE
nameshunning namescunning ᛫ antonomasia ᛫ N name+shunning NE×2 invented by William Barnes
naming ᛫ nomination ᛫ N ~ NE
nana ᛫ a grandmother ᛫ N ~ NE
nap ᛫ a cup ᛫ a bowl ᛫ N nap[hnæp] ME
narrow narroƿ ᛫ a confinement ᛫ a durance ᛫ a strait ᛫ a difficulty ᛫ N nearu OE
narxenwong narxenƿong ᛫ a paradise ᛫ N neorxenawang OE
narxenwongly narxenƿongly ᛫ paradisiacal ᛫ AJ neorxnawanglic OE
nary ᛫ never a ᛫ not a ᛫ not ᛫ neither ᛫ no ᛫ AJ ~ NE short for: ne'er a
nas ᛫ not ᛫ AV næs OE equal to: nā (never) +‎ ealles (completely)
natheless naþeless ᛫ nevertheless ᛫ AV ~ NE [LEX]
naught naugt ᛫ nothing ᛫ a zero ᛫ a null ᛫ N ~ NE
naught but naugt ᛫ just ᛫ merely ᛫ nothing but ᛫ AV ~ NE
naughth naugþ ᛫ zeroth ᛫ 0th ᛫ AJ noughth NE found in: noughth week
naughties naugties ᛫ the first decade of a century ᛫ N ~ NE
naughty naugty ᛫ mischievous ᛫ risqué ᛫ AJ ~ NE
nave nafe ᛫ to not have ᛫ V nabban OE rhyme: have
nave nafe ᛫ a wheel hub ᛫ N nāve[nafa/nafu] ME
navel nafel ᛫ an umbilicus ᛫ a belly button ᛫ the central point of a place ᛫ N ~ NE
nay ᛫ a negative answer ᛬ to reply negatively ᛬ no ᛫ N᛬V᛬AV ~ NE
nay ᛫ to address ᛫ to accost ᛫ to speak to ᛫ to assail ᛫ V nǣgan&genǣgan OE
naying ᛫ negative ᛫ AJ nay+ing NE×2
nayword nayƿord ᛫ a term of negation ᛫ N ~ NE coined by Ralph Lever
ne ᛫ no ᛫ not ᛫ nay ᛫ nor ᛫ AV&C ne&ne ME&OE
neap ᛫ to pluck off ᛫ V ahnēapan OE kin: 𐌳𐌹𐍃𐌷𐌽𐌹𐌿𐍀𐌰𐌽; nypa (Swedish)
nearness ᛫ closeness ᛫ proximity ᛫ intimacy ᛫ N ~ NE
nearsighted nearsigted ᛫ myopic ᛫ AJ near-sighted NE [OED]
nearsightedness nearsigtedness ᛫ myopia ᛫ N near-sightedness NE [OED]
neat ᛫ a peasant holding land from a lord ᛫ a companion ᛫ a comrade [ᚹ] ᛫ N nēt&genēat ME&OE
neat ᛫ cattle ᛫ a cow ᛫ a bull ᛫ N neat&neat NE&OE
neath neaþ ᛫ beneath ᛫ P ~ NE
neatherd neaþerd ᛫ one who looks after neat ( cattle ) ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
neatland ᛫ rented land ᛫ feudally owned land ᛫ N geneatland OE
neb ᛫ a beak ᛫ a nose ᛫ a snout ᛫ a face ᛫ N neb&nebb NE&OE
neckrib ᛫ a cervical rib ᛫ N neck+rib NE×2
neckridgebone neckricgbone ᛫ a cervical vertebra ᛫ N neck+ridgebone NE×2
need ᛫ a necessity ᛫ a requirement ᛬ to require ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
needful ᛫ necessary ᛫ mandatory ᛫ AJ ~ NE
needfully ᛫ necessarily ᛫ AV ~ NE
needlefish needelfisc ᛫ a Belonidae fish ᛫ N ~ NE
needless ᛫ unnecessary ᛫ AJ ~ NE
needlework needelƿork ᛫ embroidery ᛫ N ~ NE
needling needelling ᛫ acupuncture ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
needmay ᛫ a close kinsman or kinswoman ᛫ a cousin ?᛫ N nīdmæge&nīdmāge OE&OE
neednot ᛫ a superfluity ᛫ an unnecessary thing ᛫ N neednot NE
needs cost ᛫ necessarily ᛫ AV nedes cost ME or: needs costs ᛫ this "cost" is not from French
needtharf needþarf ᛫ necessary ᛫ AJ nẹ̄dtharf[nēdþearf] ME
needwise needƿise ᛫ by necessity ᛫ AV ~ NE
neep ᛫ a turnip ᛫ N ~[nẹ̄p][nǣp] NE‹ME‹OE‹I
neepseed ᛫ rapeseed ᛫ N nǣpsǣd OE‹I
neer ᛫ to save ᛫ to rescue ᛫ V nerian&nerian ME&OE
neer ᛫ the kidney ᛫ N nēre ME‹LG
neese ᛫ to inspect ᛫ to visit ᛫ V nēosian OE
neet ᛫ to enjoy ( to make use of ) ᛫ V nēotan OE
neethe neeþe ᛫ to risk ᛫ to venture ᛫ V nēþan OE
neeve neef ᛫ nephew ᛫ a grandson ᛫ N nēve[nefa] ME
neigh neig ᛫ local- ᛫ PREFIX neigh&nēah NE&OE found in "neighbour"
neighledge neiglecg ᛫ to approach ᛫ V neighlechen ME rhyme: day ledge
neightheed neigþeed ᛫ a neighbouring people or nation ᛫ N nēahþēod OE rhyme: day weed
neighwist neigƿist ᛫ neighborhood ᛫ society ᛫ fellowship ᛫ N nēahwist OE
neither neiþer ᛫ neuter ( grammatical term ) ᛫ AJ naþor OE
nemmen ᛫ to mention ᛫ to specify ᛫ to refer to ᛫ to designate ᛫ to name ᛫ V nemnen{nevenen} ME
nemmeningly ᛫ nominative ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ nemnigendlīc OE
nesh nesc ᛫ delicate ᛫ feeble ᛫ soft ᛫ tender ᛫ timid ᛫ dainty ᛫ AJ ~[hnesce/hnysce/hnæsce] NE [LEX]
neshen nescen ᛫ to make tender or soft ᛫ mollify ᛫ V ~ NE
neshly nescly ᛫ tenderly ᛫ AV n̄̆eshlī ME
neshness nescness ᛫ docility ᛫ feebleness ᛫ weakness ᛫ softness ᛫ N ~ NE
ness ᛫ a headland ᛫ a promontory ᛫ a cape ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
ness ᛫ -ity ( abstract nominal suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
nestle nestel ᛫ to lie comfortably within or against something ᛫ to lie somewhat obscured ᛫ V ~ NE
net ᛫ cyber- ( but only in internet contexts ) ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE or: web-
nether neþer ᛫ lower ᛫ low ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Netherfrankish Neþerfrankisc ᛫ Low Franconian ᛫ N(P) nether+Frank+ish NE×3 calque: Niederfränkisch
nethergang neþergang ᛫ a descent ᛫ N niþergang OE
netherheer neþerhair ᛫ pubic hair ᛫ N ~ NE
netherhose neþerhose ᛫ underpants ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
Netherlander Neþerlander ᛫ one from the Netherlands ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
Netherlandish Neþerlandisc ᛫ the Dutch language ᛫ of the Dutch ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) ~ NE
nethermind neþermind ᛫ the subconscious ᛫ N ~ NE
netherness neþerness ᛫ inferiority ᛫ N ~ NE
netherwear neþerƿear ᛫ underwear ᛫ undergarments ᛫ lingerie ᛫ N ~ NE
Nettilling Mere ᛫ Nettilling Lake ᛫ N(P) Nettilling+mere NE‹O+NE
nettle nettel ᛫ an Urtica plant ᛬ to hit with nettles ᛫ to irritate ᛫ to annoy ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
nettlesome nettelsum ᛫ annoying ᛫ irritating ᛫ AJ ~ NE
network netƿork ᛫ a system or a group or a chain of interconnected parts ᛫ N ~ NE
neveling nefeling ᛫ prone ᛫ face-down ᛫ supine ᛫ face-up ᛫ AV nevelinge ME
neverending neferending ᛫ infinite ᛫ endless ᛫ N ~ NE
neverland neferland ᛫ a utopia ᛫ N neverland NE
new neƿ ᛫ neo- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
new neƿ ᛫ stingy ᛫ niggardly ᛫ miserly ᛫ AJ hnēaw OE kin: niggard
New English Englisc ᛫ Modern English ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
New Everwich Neƿ Eferƿic ᛫ New York City ᛫ New York state ᛫ N(P) new+everwich NE+ME unnecessary alternative
New Scotland Skotland ᛫ Nova Scotia ᛫ N(P) new+Scotland NE×2 calque: Nova Scotia
newborn neƿborn ᛫ an infant ᛬ nascent ᛫ reborn ᛫ N:AJ ~ NE [OED]
newel neƿel ᛫ a novelty ᛫ novelty itself ᛫ N ~ NE
newel neƿel ᛫ prone ᛫ prostrate ᛫ face-down ᛫ deep down ᛫ very low ᛫ AJ niwol[neowol] OE
newelness neƿelness ᛫ the abyss ᛫ N nielnesse ME
newen neƿen ᛫ recently ᛫ AV neuen[nīwan/nēowan] ME
newfangled neƿfangelled ᛫ novel ᛫ AJ ~ NE
newlings neƿlings ᛫ recently ᛫ lately ᛫ AV ~ NE [LEX]
newsman neƿsman ᛫ a reporter ᛫ a journalist ᛫ N ~ NE
Nicaragua Mere ᛫ Lake Nicaragua ᛫ N(P) Nicaragua+mere NE‹O+NE
nich nic ᛫ not I ᛫ N(PRO) nich ME equal to: nay ich
nick ᛫ to deny ᛫ V nikken[niccan] ME supposedly comes from Old English "ne ic" (not I)
nicker ᛫ a water spirit ᛫ a mermaid ᛫ a siren ᛫ N niker[nicor] ME kin: Nixe; nikker; nekker; nøkke; nøkken; näck
nift ᛫ a niece ᛫ a granddaughter ᛫ N nifte&nift ME&OE
nigh nige ᛫ to approach ᛬ near ᛬ close to ᛫ V᛬AJ᛬P nigh&neighen NE&ME
nigh on nige ᛫ just about ᛫ AJ ~ NE
nighness nigeness ᛫ proximity ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
nightganger nigtganger ᛫ a thing that goes about at night ᛫ a night monster ᛫ a hyena ? ᛫ N nihtgenga OE
nightish nigtisc ᛫ nocturnal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
nightledge nigtlecg ᛫ to become night ᛫ V nichtlachen ME
nightly nigtly ᛫ nocturnal ᛬ happening every night ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
nightrail nigtrail ᛫ a loose gown worn at night ᛫ N ~ NE
nightshade nigtscade ᛫ a Solanum plant ᛫ N ~ NE
nightsong nigtsong ᛫ compline ᛫ N night song[nihtsang] NE
nill ᛫ will not ᛫ V ~ NE PST: nould
nim ᛫ to take ᛫ to seize ᛫ to gain ᛫ V ~ NE kin: numb; nimble ᛫ conjugation regularized around 1600
nimble nimbel ᛫ agile ᛫ dextrous ᛫ AJ ~[nē̆mel] NE kin: nim; numb
nimbleness nimbelness ᛫ agility ᛫ dexterity ᛫ legerity ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
nimmer ᛫ a taker ᛫ a thief ᛫ N ~ NE dialectal
nimth nimþ ᛫ unless ᛫ except ᛫ C nimþe/nemþe/nymþe OE
nine eyes ᛫ a lamprey ᛫ N ~ NE analogy: Neunauge; negenoog; niøje; niauge
ninefold ᛫ nonuple ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
ninesome ninesum ᛫ a nonet ᛫ a nonad ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
nip ᛫ clouds ᛫ mist ᛫ fog ᛫ vapor ᛫ obscurity ᛫ a nebula [ᚹ] ᛫ N inip&genip ME&OE kin: nebula
nip ᛫ to become low ( such as the setting of the sun or the bowing of one's head ) ᛫ V nipen[hnipian] ME
nipe ᛫ to become dark ᛫ V nīpan OE
Nipigon Mere ᛫ Lake Nipigon ᛫ N(P) Nipigon+mere NE‹O+NE
nis ᛫ is not ᛫ V nis OE equal to: nay is
nite ᛫ to clash ᛫ to butt against ᛫ V hnītan OE
nithe niþe ᛫ enmity ᛫ rancour ᛫ spite ᛫ N nīth[nīþ] ME
nither niþer ᛫ to debase ᛫ to humiliate ᛫ to blight ᛫ to blast (as in blight a plant) ᛫ V ~ NE
nithing niþing ᛫ a wretch ᛫ an outcast ᛫ a social reject ᛫ N ~ NE
niths niþs ᛫ men ᛫ humans ( poetic ) ᛫ N niþþas OE
nitten ᛫ ignorant ᛫ AJ nyten OE
nittenness ᛫ ignorance ᛫ N nytennes OE
nobbut ᛫ merely ᛫ just ᛬ except ᛬ except that ᛫ AV᛬P᛬C nobbut[nōbut] NE [CED][MW]
noll ᛫ a crown of a head ᛫ a head ᛫ a nape ᛫ N nol[hnol] ME
nonce nones ᛫ a nonce word ᛫ one occasion ᛬ for one occasion ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
nooth nooþ ᛫ boldness ᛫ daringness ᛫ temerity ᛫ N nōþ OE
Nornish Nornisc ᛫ the Norwegian language ᛬ Norwegian ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Norenish/Nornisce{Noreine} ME
Nornishman Norniscman ᛫ a Norwegian ᛫ N(P) Noreinisce men ME or: Norn (from backformation)
northen norþen ᛫ from the north ᛫ AV norþan OE
northern lights ligts ᛫ the aurora borealis ᛫ N ~ NE
Northish Norþisc ᛫ Nordic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Northman Norþman ᛫ a Norseman ( a Dane , a Swede , a Norwegian , an Icelander , a Faroe Islander , etc ) ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
Northmannish Norþmannisc ᛫ Norse language ᛬ Norse ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) ~ NE
Northumber Norþumber ᛫ Northumbria ᛫ the Northumbrians ᛫ N(P) Norþhymbre OE‹(E+C)
Northumberrich Norþumberric ᛫ the Kingdom of Northumbria ᛫ N(P) Norþanhymbra rīce OE‹(E+C+C)
Northumbrish Norþumbrisc ᛫ the Northumbrian tongue ᛬ Northumbrian ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Norþhymbrisc OE‹(E+C+E)
Norwales Norƿales ᛫ Wales ᛫ Cambria ᛫ Welshmen ᛫ N(P) norþwalas OE
Norway Norƿay ᛫ Norway ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
Norwelsh Norƿelsc ᛫ Welsh language ᛬ Welsh ᛫ Cambrian ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) norþwalas+ish OE+NE see: Welsh ᛫ or: Cymraeg
nosebone ᛫ a nasal bone ᛫ N ~ NE
nosegristle nosegristel ᛫ a septum ᛫ nose cartilage ᛫ N næsgristle OE
nosely ᛫ nasal ᛬ nasally ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
nostle nostel ᛫ a band or strip of material ᛫ a headband ᛫ a fillet ᛫ N nostle OE
nosy ᛫ inquisitive ᛫ curious ᛫ prying ᛫ snoopy ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
note ᛫ benefit ᛫ usefulness ᛫ profit ᛫ advantage ᛬ to use ᛫ N᛬V nōte&nōten ME&ME
noteful ᛫ useful ᛫ beneficial ᛫ profitable ᛫ advantageous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
notely ᛫ beneficial ᛫ useful ᛫ advantageous ᛫ AJ nytlīc OE
nott ᛫ polled ᛫ hornless ᛫ antlerless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
nottle nottel ᛫ useful ᛫ advantageous ᛫ beneficial ᛫ N nyttol OE
notwithstanding notƿiþstanding ᛫ in spite of this ᛬ despite ᛫ in spite of ᛬ in spite of the fact that ᛫ AV᛬P᛬C ~ NE [LEX]
nough noug ᛫ bent down ᛫ low ᛫ lowly ᛫ humble ᛫ abject ᛫ mean ᛫ poor ᛫ AJ hnāh OE rhyme: dough
nouth nuþe ᛫ just now ᛫ at present ᛫ in a moment ᛫ AV nouthe ME
now and then nu and þen ᛫ occasionally ᛫ AV ~ NE
nowend noƿend ᛫ a sailor ᛫ a mariner ᛫ N nōwend OE kin: navy
nowhither nohƿiþer ᛫ to nowhere ᛫ AV ~ NE
nowise noƿise ᛫ in no way or manner ᛫ AV ~ NE
numb ᛫ deprived of the power of feeling ᛫ AJ numb NE
nunhouse nunhuse ᛫ a nunnery ᛫ a convent ᛫ N nun+house NE‹‹I+NE by analogy with monkhouse
nut ᛫ a pancreas ( of an animal ) ᛫ N ~ NE
nye ᛫ to bend downwards ᛫ to curtsey ᛫ V hnīgan OE
o ᛫ continually ᛫ always ᛬ aye ! ᛫ AV᛬I ō ME kin: aye
oad ᛫ a funeral pyre ᛫ N ād ME&OE
oakwern oakƿern ᛫ a squirrel ᛫ N ocquerne/okerne[ācwern] ME
oal ᛫ a fire ᛫ a flame ᛫ N āl OE kin: anneal; ālfæt
oalvat oalfat ᛫ a vat for placing on fire ( for cooking , etc ) ᛫ N ālfæt OE
oast ᛫ a kiln ᛫ N ~ NE
oath oaþ ᛫ a vow ᛫ a pledge ᛫ a sworn declaration ᛫ N ~ NE
oathbreach oaþbreac ᛫ perjury ᛫ N ~ NE
oathbreaker oaþbreaker ᛫ a perjurer ᛫ N ~ NE
oathom oaþom ᛫ a son-in-law ᛫ a brother-in-law ᛫ N āþum OE
oathworthy oaþƿorþy ᛫ able to be trusted under oath ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ock ᛫ ( diminutive suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
oddness ᛫ strangeness ᛫ oddity ᛫ N ~ NE
odds and ends ᛫ miscellaneous things ᛫ N ~ NE
oddsmaker ᛫ one who reckons betting odds ᛫ N ~ NE
of late ᛫ recently ᛫ AV ~ NE
off the mark þe ᛫ inaccurate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
offal ᛫ garbage ᛫ trash ᛫ waste ᛫ internal organs which are to be discarded ᛫ N ~ NE
offarm ᛫ to pity ᛫ V ofearmian OE
offcome offcum ᛫ an excuse ᛫ N ~ NE
offdealing ᛫ a department ᛫ a division ᛫ N off+deal+ing NE×3 calque: ôfdieling
offgalth offgalþ ᛫ a superstition ᛫ N æfgælþ OE what does "gælþ" mean?
offhand ᛫ curt ᛫ abrupt ᛫ informal ( of words or actions ) ᛬ without forethought ᛫ extempore ᛫ extemporaneous ᛫ impromptu ᛫ unpremeditated ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
offhanded ᛫ of an ungraciously nonchalant manner ᛫ AJ ~ NE
offhandedly ᛫ in an ungraciously nonchalant manner ᛫ AV ~ NE
offset ᛫ to counteract ᛫ V ~ NE
offshoot offscoot ᛫ a derivative ᛫ N ~ NE
ofold ᛫ simple ᛫ plain ᛫ onefold ᛫ single ᛫ singular ᛫ AJ ōfōld ME the ō = "Weakened form of ōn pron. used before consonants" - MEC ᛫ possible rhyme: shovelled
ofoldly ᛫ simply ᛫ plainly ᛫ singularly ᛫ AV ōfōld+ly ME+NE the ō = "Weakened form of ōn pron. used before consonants" - MEC ᛫ possible rhyme: shovelledly
often ᛫ frequent ᛬ frequently ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
oftenness ᛫ frequency ᛫ N ~ NE
oftseen ᛫ often seen ᛫ unrare ᛫ common ᛫ usual ᛫ AJ oft+seen{seldsēn} NE×2
old moon ᛫ the moon at any time after full moon and before new moon ᛫ N ~ NE or: waning moon
oldbaken ᛫ stale ᛫ AJ ealdbacen OE Also used this way by Dutch and German
olden ᛫ related to former times ᛫ AJ ~ NE
oldfangled oldfangelled ᛫ old-fashioned ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
oldfarrand ᛫ old-fashioned ᛫ AJ ~ NE
oldmaidish oldmaidisc ᛫ prim ᛫ AJ oldmaidish NE
olvend olfend ᛫ a camel ᛫ N olfend/olvend ME‹I‹H‹O
on the mark þe ᛫ accurate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
onalike ᛫ resemblance ᛫ similarity ᛫ simile ᛫ similitude ᛬ similar ᛬ similarly ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬AV ongelīc OE
onalikeness ᛫ a formula ᛫ a pattern ᛫ N ongelīcness OE
onboard ᛫ in agreement ᛫ being a willing participant or supporter ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ond ᛫ envy ᛫ jealousy ᛫ malice ᛫ spite ᛫ enmity ᛫ N ō̆nd[anda/onda] ME
onday ᛫ an appointed day ᛫ an appointment ᛬ to appoint a day ᛫ to appoint ᛫ N᛬V āndaga&āndagian OE
ondy ᛫ envious ᛫ jealousy ᛫ malicious ᛫ spiteful ᛫ AJ andig OE
one ᛫ to unify ᛫ to make one ᛫ V onen ME
one ᛫ uni- ᛫ mono- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
one of a kind ᛫ unique ᛫ AJ ~ NE
oneberry ᛫ a Paris quadrifolia plant ( paris ) ᛫ N ~ NE
oned ᛫ united ᛫ unified ᛫ AJ one+ed NE
Oned Kingdom ᛫ the United Kingdom ᛫ N oned+kingdom NE
onedeal ᛫ a one-piece swimsuit ᛫ N one+deal NE×2 calque: one-piece
onedom ᛫ unity ᛫ N one+dom NE×2
onefold ᛫ simple ᛫ plain ᛫ AJ ~ NE
onefoldly ᛫ simply ᛫ plainly ᛫ AV ~ NE
onefoldness ᛫ oneness ᛫ unity ᛫ simplicity ᛫ singleness ᛫ N ānfealdnes OE
Onega Mere ᛫ Lake Onega ᛫ N(P) Onega+mere NE‹O+NE
oneganger ᛫ a lone traveller ᛫ N āngenga OE
onehood ᛫ unity ᛫ singularity ᛫ accord ᛫ concord ᛫ agreement ᛫ unanimity ᛫ consensus ᛫ N ō̆nhē̆d ME
onehorn ᛫ a unicorn ᛫ N ānhorn OE
oneledge onelecg ᛫ to unite ᛫ V ānlǣcan OE
oneleppy ᛫ single ᛫ unique ᛫ unmarried ᛫ isolated ᛫ N᛬AJ ō̆nlẹ̄̆pī ME or: onleppy
onemood ᛫ of one mind ᛫ unanimous ᛫ AJ ānmōd OE
onemoodly ᛫ unanimously ᛫ AV ānmōdlīce OE
onemoodness ᛫ unity ᛫ unanimity ᛫ N ānmōdnes OE
oneness ᛫ unity ᛫ a union ᛫ uniformity ᛫ solitude ᛫ a singularity ᛫ monadity ᛫ a covenant ᛫ an agreement ᛫ N ~ NE&OE [OED]
oneread ᛫ agreed ᛫ resolute ᛫ unanimous ᛫ AJ ānrǣd OE
onereadly ᛫ unanimously ᛫ resolutely ᛫ AV ānrǣdlīce OE
onereadness ᛫ concord ᛫ constancy ᛫ agreement ᛫ N ānrǣdnes OE
onesome onesum ᛫ a solo ᛫ a singlet ᛫ a monad ᛫ N one+some NE+NE modelled after twosome, threesome etc.
onewield oneƿeeld ᛫ an autocracy ᛫ a monocracy ᛫ dictatorship ᛫ N ānweald OE
onewielder oneƿeelder ᛫ an autocrat ᛫ a monarch ᛫ a dictator ᛫ N ānwealda OE
onewye oneƿye ᛫ a duel ᛫ N ānwīg OE
onfall ᛫ an attack [ᚹ] ᛫ an assault [ᚹ] ᛬ to attack ᛫ to assault ᛫ to fall upon ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
onfly ᛫ infectious disease ᛫ N onflyge OE
onflyleech onflyleec ᛫ an infectious disease specialist ᛫ N onflyge+leech OE+NE
ongoing ᛫ continuing ᛫ AJ ~ NE
oning ᛫ unification ᛫ a joining together ᛫ N oning ME rhyme: running
only ᛫ sole ᛫ AJ ~ NE
onmarking ᛫ an inscription ᛫ N onmearcung OE
onnim ᛫ to adopt ᛫ V on+nim NE+ME calque: oannimme
onset ᛫ an assault ᛫ an attack ᛫ an initial phase ᛬ to assault ᛫ to attack ᛫ N ~ NE
onslaught onslaugt ᛫ a fierce or destructive attack ᛫ N ~ NE
Ontario Mere ᛫ Lake Ontario ᛫ N(P) Ontario+mere NE‹O+NE
onyet ᛫ to perceive ᛫ to comprehend ᛫ V onȝiten[ongietan] ME or: onget (Norse)
oom ᛫ rust ᛫ N ōm OE
oose ᛫ a god of the Germanic pantheon ᛫ N ōs OE PL: eese?
oost ᛫ a knot in a tree ᛫ N ōst OE
oover oofer ᛫ a shore ᛫ N ọ̄ver[ōfer] ME
ooze oos ᛫ goo ᛫ juice sap ᛫ moisture ᛫ a secretion ᛬ to slowly secrete ᛫ N᛬V ooze&wōs NE&OE
oozy oosy ᛫ juicy ᛫ succulent ᛫ AJ oozy&wōsig NE&OE
openarse ᛫ a medlar ᛫ N ~ NE used by Chaucer and Shakespeare
openhearted ᛫ frank ᛫ AV ~ NE
or ᛫ proto- ᛫ PREFIX or OE
orchard orcard ᛫ a fruit tree garden ᛫ N ~[ortgeard] NE‹(I?+E) kin: 𐌰𐌿𐍂𐍄𐌹𐌲𐌰𐍂𐌳𐍃
orcheap orceep ᛫ gratis ᛫ gratuitously ᛫ without payment ᛫ AV orcēape OE‹(E+I)
ord ᛫ a point ( of a sword , spear, pen , etc ) ᛫ a beginning ᛫ N ord ME partial calque of "point"
ordeal ᛫ a very unpleasant or dangerous prolonged experience ᛫ N ~ NE
ordeer ᛫ a protozoan ᛫ a protozoon ᛫ N or+deer ME+NE calque: Urtier
ordfrom ordfrum ᛫ a source ᛫ an origin ᛫ an originator ᛫ an author ᛫ N ordfrumeªruma ME&OE
ore ᛫ a messenger ᛫ a herald ᛫ an angel ᛫ an envoy ᛫ N ār OE kin: errand; árr (Norse); 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃
ore ᛫ honour ᛫ a showing of favour ᛬ to honour ᛫ to show favour ᛫ N᛬V ore&āren[ār] ME
ore ᛫ raw metal ᛫ mineral containing a valuable constituent ( such as metal ) ᛫ N ore&ōra NE&OE
orefast ᛫ honourable ᛫ AJ ārfæst OE
oreful ᛫ venerable ᛫ AJ ārful OE
oret ᛫ to disgrace ᛫ put to shame ᛫ V orrettan OE
oretship oretscip ᛫ infamy ᛫ disgrace ᛫ N orretscipe OE
oreworthy oreƿorþy ᛫ venerable ᛫ AJ ārweorþig OE
orf ᛫ cattle ᛫ livestock ᛫ N ~ NE
orfowl orfule ᛫ an archaeopteryx ( dinosaur and early bird ) ᛫ N or+fowl OE+NE calque: oervogel; Urvögel
organ ᛫ an Origanum plant ( oregano , marjoram ) ᛫ N ~[OE organa] NE‹‹OE‹I [OED] ᛫ or: orrow (since "organ" is probably from French "origane"), analogy: OE "morgen" > NE "morrow".
orgel ᛫ pride ᛫ haughtiness ᛬ proud ᛫ prideful ᛫ N᛬AJ orgel[orgol] ME kin: orgeuil (French)
orgle orgel ᛫ a pipe organ ᛫ N orgle ME‹OE‹I
orground orgrund ᛫ a primal cause ᛫ the ultimate cosmic principle ᛫ N or+ground OE+NE calque: urgrund
orlay ᛫ fate ᛫ destiny ᛫ N orlæg OE
orlay ᛫ strife ᛫ war ᛫ N orlege OE
ormete ᛫ without measure ᛫ limitless ᛫ boundless ᛫ too big to measure ᛫ AJ ormete[ormǣte] OE
ormetly ᛫ excessively ᛫ immensely ᛫ AV ormǣtlīce OE
ormetness ᛫ excess ᛫ immensity ᛫ N ormǣtness OE
ormood ᛫ hopeless ᛫ despairing ᛫ without courage ᛫ AJ ormōd OE
ormoodness ᛫ despair ᛫ desperation ᛫ N ormōdness OE
orn ᛫ excess ( in a bad way ) ᛬ excessive ᛫ N᛬AJ orne OE‹?
orped ᛫ stout-hearted ᛫ bold ᛫ valiant ᛫ strong in battle ᛫ splendid excellent ᛫ AJ orped OE
orping ᛫ respiration ᛫ N orpung OE
orsin ᛫ original sin ᛫ N or+sin ME+NE calque: Ursünde
orsorrow orsorroƿ ᛫ without sorrow ᛫ carefree ᛫ AJ orsorg OE
ort ᛫ a remnant of a meal ᛫ a remnant ᛫ N ~ NE usually found in its plural form: "orts" ᛫ [LEX]
orth orþ ᛫ breath ᛬ to breathe ᛫ to pant ᛫ N orþ/oroþ&orþian OE&OE
orthank orþank ᛫ intelligence ᛫ skill ᛫ cunning ᛬ skillful cunning ᛫ N᛬AJ orþanc OE
ortongue ortung ᛫ a proto-language ᛫ N or+tongue ME+NE
ortroth ortroþ ᛫ distrust ᛫ suspicion ᛫ N ortrouthe ME
ortrow ortroƿ ᛫ to be distrustful of ᛫ to have suspicions of ᛫ V ortrouen ME
orwold orƿold ᛫ an old-growth forest ᛫ a primaeval forest ᛫ a jungle ᛫ N or+wōld OE+ME calque: Urwald; oerwoud
ost ᛫ a tree knot ᛫ N ōst OE
oster ᛫ an oyster ᛫ N ostre OE‹I oyster was a later borrowing from French
oth ᛫ until ᛫ so much as ᛫ as far as ᛫ C&P oth&ōþ ME&OE
other oþer ᛫ second ( a second thing ) ᛬ second ( second place in a sequence ) ᛫ N᛬AJ other&ōþer NE&OE Germanic languages used to use "other" for "second" like this
other hoad oþer ᛫ second person ᛫ N ōþer hād OE from Ælfric's Grammar
ought ougt ᛫ persecution ᛫ N ōht OE rhyme: bought ᛫ kin: ēhtan, Acht (HG)
oughten ugten ᛫ the early morning ᛫ the period of twilight before dawn ᛫ N ūghten ME rhyme: shouten
oughtsong ugtsong ᛫ matins ᛫ nocturns ᛫ N oughtsong/vchtsong ME [OED]
oure ure ᛫ an aurochs ᛫ N oure ME
ourn urn ᛫ ours ᛫ N(PRO) ouren ME optional
out ute ᛫ to exclude ᛫ to eject ᛫ to banish ᛫ to alienate ᛫ to expel ᛫ V geutian OE or: yout (if the prefix is kept)
outbear utebear ᛫ to support ᛫ bear out ᛫ V ~ NE
outborn uteborn ᛫ foreign ᛫ alien ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
outbowed uteboƿed ᛫ convex ᛫ bent outwards ᛫ bulging ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
outbreathe utebreaþe ᛫ to exhale ᛫ to expire ᛫ V ~ NE
outcast utecast ᛫ a pariah ᛬ ostracized ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE‹(E+N)
outcome utecum ᛫ a result ᛫ N ~ NE
outcund utecund ᛫ foreign ᛫ alien ᛫ strange ᛫ AJ ūtacund OE
outdweller utedƿeller ᛫ one who lives outside a certain place ᛫ N ~ NE
outfare utefare ᛫ an expedition ᛫ a going out ᛬ to exit ᛫ N ǒutfāre&ǒutfāren ME&ME
outfare utefare ᛫ a journey ᛫ an expedition ᛫ an excursion ᛫ N vte-far ME [OED]
outflow utefloƿ ᛫ an efflux ᛫ N ~ NE
outgang utegang ᛫ an exit ᛫ N ~ NE
outgang utegang ᛫ fugitive ᛫ transitory ᛫ AJ ūþgenge OE
outgo utego ᛫ the outlay of money ( opposite of income ) ᛬ to go faster than ᛫ to go more than ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
outgoer utegoer ᛫ an emigrant ᛫ N ~ NE
outgoing utegoing ᛫ sociable ᛫ gregarious ᛫ extroverted ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
outhwit uþeƿit ᛫ a scholar ᛫ a scribe ᛫ a philosopher ᛫ a specialist ᛫ an expert ᛫ N ūþwita OE
outhwitly uþeƿitly ᛫ philosophical ᛫ academic ᛫ AJ ūþwitlīc OE
outhwitting uþeƿitting ᛫ philosophy ᛫ academia ᛫ N ūþwitigung OE
outland uteland ᛫ a foreign land ᛫ N ~ NE
outlander utelander ᛫ a foreigner ᛫ N ~ NE
outlandish utelandisc ᛫ foreign ᛫ bizarre and strange ᛫ unrealistic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
outlay utelay ᛫ an expenditure ᛫ a payment ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
outleap uteleap ᛫ a fine paid to a lord for leaving his estate without permission ᛫ escape from prison ᛬ to leap out ᛫ to escape ᛫ N᛬V outlēp[ūthlēap]&ǒutlēpen ME&ME
outler uteler ᛫ an animal left unhoused over the winter ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
outlook utelook ᛫ perspective ᛫ N ~ NE
outlying utelying ᛫ lying at a distance from a certain point ᛫ exterior ᛫ AJ ~ NE [CED]
outname utername ᛫ an exonym ᛫ an xenonym ᛫ N out+name NE+NE
output uteput ᛫ production ᛬ to produce ᛫ to expel ᛫ to dismiss ᛫ N᛬V output&outputten NE&ME [OED]
outright uterigt ᛫ total ᛫ clear and undisputed ᛬ completely ᛫ not by degrees or instalments ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
outroot uteroot ᛫ to root out ᛫ to eradicate ᛫ to exterminate ᛫ V ~ NE
outrooting uterooting ᛫ eradication ᛫ N ~ NE
outshut utescut ᛫ to shut out ᛫ to exclude ᛫ V ~ ANE
outspoken utespoken ᛫ vocal ( as in willing to express one's ideas ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
outstanding utestanding ᛫ prominent ᛫ noticeable ᛫ excellent ᛫ unresolved ( often debtwise ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
outward uteƿard ᛫ external ᛫ superficial ᛬ towards the outside AJ᛬AV ~ NE
outwardly uteƿardly ᛫ from the outside ᛫ on the surface ᛫ superficially ᛫ AV ~ NE
outwark uteƿark ᛫ dysentery ᛫ N ūtwærc OE
outwear uteƿear ᛫ to deplete ᛫ to exhaust ᛫ V ~ NE
outwelt uteƿelt ᛫ to roll out ᛫ V ǒutwelten ME poorly attested
outworn uteƿorn ᛫ exhausted ᛫ outdated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
outwrest uteƿrest ᛫ to extort ᛫ V ~ NE
ouzel oosel ᛫ a kind of blackbird ᛫ N ~ NE
over against ofer against ᛫ as opposed to ᛫ in contrast with ᛫ P ~ NE
overall oferall ᛫ all around ᛬ generally ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
overalls oferalls ᛫ a dungaree ᛫ N ~ NE
overbase oferbase ᛫ ultraviolet light ᛬ ultraviolet ᛫ N᛬AJ over+basu NE+OE
overblow oferbloƿ ᛫ to exaggerate ᛫ V ~ NE
overblown oferbloƿn ᛫ exaggerated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
overboard oferboard ᛫ excessive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
overbold oferbold ᛫ audacious ᛫ presumptuous ᛫ foolhardy ᛫ temerarious ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
overboldness oferboldness ᛫ audacity ᛫ presumption ᛫ foolhardiness ᛫ temerity ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
overbrim oferbrim ᛫ to overflow ᛫ V ~ NE [LEX]
overbrimming oferbrimming ᛫ superfluous ᛫ AJ overbrim+ing NE×2
overcome ofercum ᛫ to prevail over ᛫ to win ᛫ to overwhelm with emotion ᛫ to overflow ᛫ to pass come or spread over ᛫ V ~ NE
overdo oferdo ᛫ to do to excess ᛫ to exaggerate ᛫ to overcook ᛫ V overdo NE
overdone oferdone ᛫ overcooked ᛫ done to excess ᛫ exaggerated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
overdoor oferdoor ᛫ a lintel ᛫ an ornamental panel above a doorway ᛫ N ~[oferdyre] NE [OED]
overdrive oferdrife ᛫ a function or setting that permits the exceeding of some normal operating level ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
overfall oferfall ᛫ to attack ᛫ to assail ᛫ to assault ᛫ to fall upon ᛫ to cover ᛫ V ~ NE [OED] ᛫ PST: overfell PTCP: overfallen
overfare oferfare ᛫ to traverse ᛫ to pass over ᛫ V ~ NE
overfat oferfat ᛫ obese ᛫ AJ oferfǣtt OE
overfearful oferfearful ᛫ overly fearful ᛫ paranoid ᛫ AJ ~ NE
overfearfulness oferfearfulness ᛫ paranoia ᛫ N over-fearfulnesse ANE
overflow oferfloƿ ᛫ excess ᛫ spillage from an overflowing ᛬ to overflow ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
overflowing oferfloƿing ᛫ abundant ᛫ AJ ~ NE
overfrim oferfrim ᛫ bonus ᛫ N over+frim NE+ME
overgo ofergo ᛫ to exceed ᛫ to surpass ᛫ to rise above ᛫ to traverse ᛫ cross ᛫ to pass by ᛫ to conquer ᛫ V overgōn[ofergān] ME PST: overwent; overyeed ᛫ PTCP: overgone
overkind oferkind ᛫ a supercategory ᛫ N over+kind NE×2 by analogy with underkind
overking oferking ᛫ an emperor ᛫ a king of kings ᛫ N overking NE
overlay oferlay ᛫ to overcome ᛫ to defeat ᛫ to subdue ᛫ V overleien ME PST: overlaid ᛫ PTCP: overlaid
overling oferling ᛫ a superior ᛫ N ~ NE
overlink oferlink ᛫ a hyperlink ᛫ N yond+link NE×2
overlive oferlif ᛫ to survive someone ᛫ V ~ NE
overlook oferlook ᛫ to supervise ᛫ V ~ NE
overlook oferlook ᛫ an overview ᛫ a place affording a view of what is below ᛫ a balcony [ᚹ] ᛬ to supervise ᛫ to survey ᛫ to fail to observe ᛫ to pass over ᛫ to disregard ᛫ to ignore ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [OED] I think this is the best we're gonna get for 'balcony'
overly oferly ᛫ excessively ᛫ AV ~ NE
overman oferman ᛫ an Übermensch ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
overmood ofermood ᛫ overconfidence ᛫ pride ᛫ hubris ᛫ N ofermōd OE
overmoodly ofermoodly ᛫ proudly ᛫ arrogantly ᛫ AV ofermōdiglīce OE
overmoody ofermoody ᛫ proud ᛫ arrogant ᛫ AJ ofermōdig OE
overmorrow ofermorroƿ ᛫ the day after tomorrow ᛫ on the day after tomorrow ᛫ N᛬AV ~ NE
overmuch ofermuc ᛫ excessively ᛫ AV ~ NE
overnim ofernim ᛫ to take by violence ᛫ to violate ᛫ to take away ᛫ to carry off ᛫ to overtake ᛫ V oferniman OE
override oferride ᛫ to annul ᛫ V oferrīdan OE
oversee ofersee ᛫ to administer ᛫ to supervise ᛫ V ~ NE
overseer oferseer ᛫ a supervisor ( esp of workers ) ᛫ N ~ NE
overself oferself ᛫ a superego ᛫ N over+self NE×2
overset oferset ᛫ to assail ᛫ to vanquish in battle ᛫ to prevail over ᛫ to oppress ᛫ to tyrannize ᛫ V oversetten ME
oversight ofersigt ᛫ an unintentional mistake ᛫ supervision ᛫ N ~ NE
oversit ofersit ᛫ to neglect ᛫ to omit ᛫ to pass over ᛫ V oversitten ME
overspeak oferspeak ᛫ to speak too much ᛫ to overstate ᛫ to exaggerate ᛫ V ~ NE
overspeech oferspeec ᛫ excessive language ᛫ loquacity ᛫ exaggeration ᛫ N ofersprǣc OE
overstep oferstep ᛫ to wrongly or illegally exceed a limit ᛫ V ~ NE
oversty ofersty ᛫ to surmount ᛫ to surpass ᛫ to transcend ᛫ to surpass ᛫ V oferstīgan OE
oversummer ofersummer ᛫ to aestivate / to estivate ᛫ V over+summer NE+NE modelled on overwinter
overtake ofertake ᛫ to pass a slower object ᛫ to become greater than something else ᛫ to occur unexpectedly ᛫ V ~ NE
overthrow oferþroƿ ᛫ to depose ᛫ V ~ NE
overthwart oferþƿart ᛫ to go across [ᛏ] ᛬ crosswise ᛫ transverse ᛫ cross ᛫ contradictory ᛫ contentious ᛬ across ᛫ transversely ᛫ contrariwise ᛫ perversely ᛬ across ᛫ V᛬AJ᛬AV᛬P overthwert&overthwerten ME‹E+N
overtread ofertread ᛫ to trespass ᛫ to interlope ᛫ V ~ NE
overtreader ofertreader ᛫ a trespasser ᛫ an interloper ᛫ N ~ NE
overwalt oferƿalt ᛫ overturn ᛫ V overwalten ME
overway oferƿay ᛫ an overpass ᛫ an elevated highway ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
overween oferƿeen ᛫ to presume ᛫ to be over confident ᛫ V overwēnen ME
overwhelm oferhƿelm ᛫ to inundate ᛫ to have a strong emotional effect on ᛫ to defeat completely ᛫ to overpower ᛫ V ~ NE
overwin oferƿin ᛫ to conquer ᛫ to subdue ᛫ to overcome ᛫ V overwin&oferwinnan NE&OE PST&PTCP: overwon
overword oferƿord ᛫ a refrain ( of a song ) ᛫ a chorus ( of a song ) ᛫ N ~ NE
overwrit oferƿrit ᛫ an epistle ᛫ N oferwrit OE
overwrought oferƿrougt ᛫ overly complicated ᛫ anxious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ovest ofest ᛫ speed ᛫ haste ᛫ N ōfost OE seems to be "of"+"-est" ᛫ -est also shows up in earnest
ovestly ofestly ᛫ hastily ᛫ speedily ᛫ AV ōfostlīce OE
ovet ofet ᛫ a fruit ᛫ a legume ᛫ a pulse ( a kind of legume ) ᛫ N ovet ME
owhere ohƿere ᛫ anywhere ᛫ AV ōwhēr ME rhyme: nowhere
owhither ohƿiþer ᛫ to any place ᛫ anywhither ᛫ AV ōwhider ME
owing to oƿing ᛫ on account of ᛫ because of ᛫ P ~ NE
owner oƿner ᛫ a possessor ᛫ a proprietor ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
ownership oƿnerscip ᛫ possession ᛫ proprietorship ᛫ dominion ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
ownname oƿnname ᛫ a proper noun ᛫ N agen nama OE calque: nomen proprium
ownspeech oƿnspeec ᛫ an idiom ᛫ a peculiarity of a language ᛫ N āgensprǣc OE glossary word
oxgang ᛫ a measure of land consisting of around 8 to 30 acres ᛫ N oxgang ME
oxter ᛫ armpit ᛫ N ~ NE
oxtongue oxtung ᛫ a Picris plant ᛫ N ~ NE
oxtongue swamb oxtung ᛫ a Fistulina hepatica plant ᛫ N ~ NE
pack ᛫ a package ᛫ a multitude ᛫ a collective ᛫ N ~ NE
padfoot ᛫ a barghest ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
panhandler panhandeller ᛫ a beggar ᛫ N ~ NE
parrock ᛫ a small field ᛫ a small enclosure ᛫ N ~ NE "Park" is a kindred word which came from French
pat ᛫ apt ᛫ contrived ᛫ trite ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
pathe paþe ᛫ to pave ᛫ V pā̆then ME
peabone ᛫ a pisiform bone ᛫ N pea+bone NE‹ME‹OE‹L or: peasebone ᛫ calque: erwtenbein, Erbsenbein
peach peac ᛫ to deceive ᛫ V pǣcan OE
pease ᛫ a pea ᛫ N pēse{pease pudding} ME‹I‹H PL: peasen ᛫ this word is optional, the mistaken "pea" is fine too
pen ᛫ a small enclosure ( esp for domestic animals ) ᛫ a large country estate ᛫ a plantation ᛬ to put in a pen ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
penniless ᛫ penurious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
pennywharver pennyhƿarfer ᛫ a money-changer ᛫ N peninghwirfere OE
pepon ᛫ a melon ᛫ a gourd ᛫ a pumpkin ᛫ N pepones NE‹ME‹OE‹I attested OE form is plural
Perse ᛫ a Persian ᛫ N(P) Perse{Persēas} OE
Perseland ᛫ Iran ᛫ Persia ᛫ N(P) Perselone ME
Persish Persisc ᛫ Persian ᛫ AJ(P) Persisc OE or: Persh (shortened)
persock ᛫ a peach ᛫ N persoc[persica] OE‹I‹H μῆλον περσικόν = Persian apple ᛫ "peach" is a cognate
petersilly ᛫ parsley ᛫ N petersilige OE‹I
pettersilly ᛫ parsley ᛫ N petersilige OE
pichsmolt picsmolt ᛫ a mixture of grease and wood tar ᛫ N pichsmult ME found under "smolt" on MEC
pickthank pickþank ᛫ a sycophant ( esp a talebearing one ) ᛬ sycophantic ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
pickup ᛫ an anacrusis ( in music ) ᛫ N ~ NE
pig ᛫ an earthenware jar or pitcher ᛫ a stone bottle ᛫ N ~ ANE [EDD]
Pight Pigt ᛫ a Pict ᛫ N(P) peohtas OE
pile ᛫ a pilum ᛫ N pīl[pīl] ME‹OE‹I
pind ᛫ to enclose ᛫ to pen ᛫ to impound ᛫ to cage ᛫ to imprison ᛫ to confine ᛫ to restrain ᛫ to limit ᛫ V pī̆nden ME
pine ᛫ to suffer a mental and physical decline esp because of a broken heart ᛫ to miss or long for ᛫ V ~ NE
pinenut ᛫ a pinecone ᛫ N pīnnote[pīnhnutu] ME
pinfold ᛫ a pound for stray animals ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
pinpillow pinpilloƿ ᛫ a pincushion ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
pintle pintel ᛫ a penis ᛫ N ~ NE
pipefitter ᛫ a plumber ᛫ N ~ NE‹(NE‹‹I+NE) [OED]
pitch pic ᛫ a tone ( of sound ) ᛫ N᛬V ~[pich] NE‹ME‹? kin: prick?; pike?
pitchladder picladder ᛫ a musical scale ᛫ N pitch+ladder NE×2 calque: Tonleiter; toonladder
pith piþ ᛫ a tissue in the center of certain plant stems ᛫ the essence of something ᛫ a crux ᛫ a gist ᛫ N ~ NE
pithy piþy ᛫ concise ᛫ succinct ᛫ AJ ~ NE
pitted ᛫ pockmarked ᛫ alveolate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
plail ᛫ playful ᛫ sportive ᛫ jocose ᛫ AJ plegol OE
plaily ᛫ ludic ᛫ theatrical ᛫ AJ pleglīc OE
plash plasc ᛫ a pool of standing water ᛫ a marshy place ᛫ a shallow pond ᛫ N ~[plæsc] NE kin: splash?
platch plac ᛫ an open space in a town ᛫ a square ᛫ a marketplace ᛫ a plaza ᛫ N plæce OE‹I "plætsa" is attested once? akin to German "Platz"
player ᛫ an entertainer ᛫ a minstrel ᛫ a jester ᛫ a player of a musical instrument ᛫ a juggler ᛫ a performer of plays ᛫ an actor ᛫ a reveler ᛫ N pleiere ME
playhouse playhuse ᛫ a theatre ᛫ a theater ᛫ a toy house for children to play in ᛫ N ~[pleghūs] NE
playman ᛫ an actor ᛫ N plegmann OE
playman ᛫ a player ᛫ an athlete ᛫ a wrestler ᛫ a gymnast ᛫ N plegmann OE
playstow playstoƿ ᛫ a gymnasium ᛫ a gym ᛫ a public recreation ground ᛫ a public park ᛫ N plegstōw OE
plaything playþing ᛫ a toy ᛫ N plaything NE
playwright playƿrigt ᛫ a dramatist ᛫ N ~ NE
plee ᛫ danger ᛫ peril ᛫ risk ᛬ to endanger ᛫ to risk ᛫ N pleoh&pleon OE&OE
pleely ᛫ dangerous ᛫ perilous ᛫ hazardous ᛫ AJ plēolīc OE
plight pligt ᛫ risk ᛫ peril ᛫ hardship ᛫ responsibility ᛫ culpability ᛫ N᛬V plight&pliht NE&OE we have other words for "pledge"
plitch plic ᛫ to pull ᛫ to pluck ᛫ V plicchen ME
plodder ᛫ a robot [ᚹ] ᛫ a bot [ᚹ] ᛫ N NE ~ calque: robot (Czech), from robota (meaning drudgery, toil)
plot ᛫ a piece of land ᛫ a graphic representation ( such as a chart , a diagram , or a map ) ᛫ the course of a story ᛫ N ~ NE
ploughsharebone plugescarebone ᛫ a vomer ᛫ N ~ NE
pluck ᛫ bird guts ᛫ guts ( as in courage nerve or persistence ) ᛫ N ~ NE
pluckharp ᛫ a harpsichord ᛫ N pluck+harp NE×2 by analogy to strikeharp
plucky ᛫ gutsy ᛫ spunky ᛫ feisty ᛫ AJ ~ NE
poad ᛫ a coat ᛫ N pād OE
pock ᛫ a pus-filled swelling ᛫ a pit esp one formed as a scar ᛬ to scar with pits ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
pockmark ᛫ mark or scar in skin caused by a pock ᛫ crater in seafloor caused by erupting gas or liquid ᛫ N ~ NE
pockmarked ᛫ having pockmarks ᛫ pitted or scarred with holes ᛫ AJ ~ NE
pod ᛫ a seed case for legumes ᛫ a small vehicle ᛫ a pouch ᛬ to bear pods ᛫ to swell or fill ᛫ N᛬V ~[pād]? NE
poll ᛫ a survey of opinions ᛬ to conduct a survey of opinions ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹NL?
pond duck ᛫ an Anas platyrhynchos bird ( a mallard ) ᛫ N ~ NE
popedom ᛫ a papacy ᛫ N ~ NE‹(H+E)
popingay ᛫ a parrot ᛫ N papejai[papegai/papingai] ME‹I we assume English would have borrowed this word even without 1066
poppy tears ᛫ opium ᛫ N ~ NE
pore ᛫ to gaze intently ᛫ to read or study attentively ᛫ to think intently ᛫ to ponder ᛫ V ~[pouren] NE kin: spyrian?
port ᛫ a portal ᛫ an entryway ᛫ N port[porta] OE‹I
port ᛫ a haven ᛫ a trade-town ᛫ N port[portus] OE‹I
portick ᛫ a porch ᛫ a portico ᛫ a deck ᛫ a veranda ᛫ a piazza ᛫ N portic OE‹I
Portingale ᛫ Portugal ᛫ N(P) Portingāle ME‹I
pose ᛫ a head cold ᛫ catarrh ᛫ N ~[pōse][gepōs] NE
post ᛫ an upright log , stock , stake, etc ᛬ to put a message on a physical post ᛫ to comment online ᛫ N᛬V ~[pō̆st][post] NE
pote ᛫ to poke ᛫ to push ᛫ to thrust ᛫ V ~ NE
potgun ᛫ a mortar ( artillery ) ᛫ N ~ NE
pothead whale hƿale ᛫ a Globicephala cetacean ( a pilot whale ) ᛫ N ~ NE
potsherd potscerd ᛫ a broken piece of ceramic material ( esp one found on an archaeological site ) ᛫ N ~ NE
potwhale pothƿale ᛫ a sperm whale ᛫ a cachalot ᛫ N pot+whale NE×2 calque: potvis; Pottwal
pough puge ᛫ a pouch ᛫ a poke ᛫ a sack ᛫ N poughe[pohha] ME rhyme: plough
pounder punder ᛫ a pestle ᛫ N ~ NE
Pounick Punick ᛫ a Carthaginian ᛫ N(P) Pūnice{φοῖνιξ} OE‹H
pox ᛫ a disease with purulent skin eruptions ᛫ Syphilis ᛫ a curse ( figuratively ) ᛬ to infect with pox or Syphilis ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE plural of "pock"
prat ᛫ a prank ᛫ a cunning or mischievous trick ᛬ to prank ᛫ to trick ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
preke ᛫ an octopus ᛫ N ~ NE‹?
pretty ᛫ attractive ᛫ appealing ᛫ clever ᛫ tricky ᛬ quite ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE originally meant "pratty", "tricky/clever"
pretty much muc ᛫ basically ᛫ AV ~ NE
pretty up ᛫ to beautify ᛫ V ~ NE
prick ᛫ a point ᛫ a pointed object ( a pin , a nail , a penis , etc ) ᛫ a point in space or time ᛫ a target ( esp in archery ) ᛫ N prick&prick[prica] NE&ME
prickle prickel ᛫ a tool for pricking or puncturing ᛫ a pricket ᛫ a spike ᛫ a barb ᛫ N prikel[pricels] ME
priestshire preestscire ᛫ a parish ᛫ N prēostscīr OE‹H+E
prod ᛫ to probe ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
psalm salm ᛫ a psalm ᛫ N ~[OE sealm] ANE "ps" spelling is from the Latin word
psalter salter ᛫ a psalter ᛫ the Book of Psalms ᛫ N ~[OE salter] ANE "ps" spelling is from the Latin word
puck ᛫ a mischievous spirit ᛫ an imp ᛫ a goblin ᛫ a hobgoblin ᛫ a fairy ᛫ a sprite ᛫ a gnome ᛫ a brownie ᛫ a kobold ᛫ N ~ NE or: puckle (diminutive) ᛫ kin: púki (Icelandic)
puckish puckisc ᛫ mischievous ᛫ demonic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
pull down dune ᛫ to bring low ᛫ to humble ᛫ to humiliate ᛫ to weaken ᛫ to demolish ᛫ to destroy ᛫ to overthrow ᛫ to depose ᛫ to dethrone ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
pung ᛫ a purse ᛫ N pung[pung] ME‹OE‹I
purple purpel ᛫ purple ᛬ of purple hue ᛫ N᛬AJ ~[purpel][purpul] NE‹ME‹OE‹I
purpur ᛫ a garment of purple ᛫ N purpur[purpure] ME‹OE‹I or: purper
purse ᛫ a money bag ᛫ a fiscus ( whence comes " fiscal " ) ᛫ N purse&purs ME&OE
pursy ᛫ fiscal ᛫ AJ purse+y NE×2
put ᛫ to emplace ᛫ to place ᛫ V ~ NE
put by ᛫ to set aside ᛫ to reject ᛫ to discount ᛫ to parry ᛫ to counter ᛫ to avert ᛫ to deflect ᛫ to dissuade ᛫ to evade ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
put forth forþ ᛫ to state ᛫ to assert ᛫ to propound ᛫ to display ᛫ to present ᛫ to exhibit ᛫ to publish ᛫ to issue ᛫ to discharge ᛫ to emit ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
put forward forƿard ᛫ to propose ᛫ to propound ᛫ to further ᛫ to advance ᛫ to promote ᛫ to push into view or prominence ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
put in ᛫ to insert ᛫ to install ᛫ to appoint ᛫ to submit ᛫ to tender ᛫ to interpose ᛫ to intervene ᛫ to contribute ᛫ to invest ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
put off ᛫ to postpone ᛫ to defer ᛫ to remove ᛫ to divest ᛫ to abandon ᛫ to dissuade ᛫ to divert ᛫ to discourage ᛫ to deter ᛫ to disconcert ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
put on ᛫ to place ᛫ to attach ᛫ to don ᛫ to adopt ᛫ to assume ᛫ to feign ᛫ to pretend ᛫ to deceive ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
put out ute ᛫ to depose ᛫ to dismiss ᛫ to expel ᛫ to evict ᛫ to dislocate ᛫ to publish ᛫ to issue ᛫ to distribute ᛫ to extinguish ᛫ to douse ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
put together togeþer ᛫ to place side by side ᛫ to juxtapose ᛫ to combine ᛫ to connect ᛫ to unite ᛫ to construct ᛫ to compile ᛫ to compose ᛫ to assemble ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
putch puc ᛫ a coup d'etat ᛫ N ~ NE‹HG
quale cƿale ᛫ death ᛫ a quelling ᛫ a plague ᛫ N quāl ME kin: quell
qualehouse cƿalehuse ᛫ a part of a prison for those condemned to death ᛫ N qualehuse/cwalhuse ME
qualm cƿalm ᛫ a scruple ᛫ N qualm[cwealm] NE
qualmish cƿalmisc ᛫ nauseated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
qualmstow cƿalmstoƿ ᛫ an execution-place ᛫ N cwealmstow OE
quartern cƿartern ᛫ a prison ᛫ a gaol ᛫ a jail ᛫ a cell ᛫ N quartern[cweartern] ME
quarternward cƿarternƿard ᛫ a gaoler ᛫ a jailor ᛫ a prison warder ᛫ N cwearternweard OE
quead cƿead ᛫ evil ᛫ wickedness ᛬ evil ᛫ wicked ᛫ N᛬AJ quede ME
queal cƿeal ᛫ to die ᛫ to perish ᛫ V ~ NE PST: quole ᛫ PTCP: quolen ᛫ kin: kill
queath cƿeaþ ᛫ to comment ᛫ to declare ᛫ to say ᛫ V ~ NE PST: quoth / cwoþ ᛫ PTCP: queathen / cweaþen
queddle cƿeddel ᛫ talkative ᛫ AJ cwedol OE
queem cƿeem ᛫ pleasure ᛫ satisfaction ᛬ to please ᛫ to satisfy ᛫ to gratify ᛬ pleasant ᛫ agreeable ᛫ comfortable ᛫ V᛬AJ queme&quēm&quemen NE&ME&ME
queemful cƿeemful ᛫ pleasing ᛫ satisfying ᛫ agreeable ᛫ AJ quēmful ME
queenly cƿeenly ᛫ reginal ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
quell cƿell ᛫ to kill ᛫ to snuff out ᛫ to put down ᛫ V ~ NE
queller cƿeller ᛫ an executioner ᛫ a killer ᛫ N queller[cwellere] ME
quench cƿenc ᛫ to overcome ᛫ to subdue ᛫ to destroy ᛫ to relieve ᛫ to extinguish ᛫ to satisfy ᛫ V quench&aquenchen NE&ME
quenchcoal cƿenccoal ᛫ a person or thing that undermines zeal ( esp with respect to religion ) ᛫ N ~ NE
quern cƿern ᛫ a hand mill for grinding grain ( typically consisting of two circular stones ) ᛫ a mill [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
quetch cƿec ᛫ to shake ᛫ to twitch ᛫ to flinch ᛫ to vibrate ᛫ V quetch&quecchen NE&ME [MW]
quick cƿick ᛫ conscious ᛫ alive ᛫ rapid ᛫ fast ᛫ AJ quick&cwic NE&OE
quickbeam cƿickbeam ᛫ a Sorbus tree ᛫ a rowan ᛫ a service tree ᛫ a mountain ash ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
quickberry cƿickberry ᛫ a juniper berry ᛫ N cuicbēam+berry OE+NE
quicken cƿicken ᛫ to resurrect ᛫ to rejuvenate ᛫ to animate ᛫ to revive ᛫ to germinate ᛫ to speed up ᛫ to ferment ᛫ V quicken&quiken[cwician] NE&ME
quickfee cƿickfee ᛫ living property ᛫ living wealth ᛫ cattle ᛫ N cwicfeoh OE
quick-in-hand cƿick-in-hand ᛫ an Impatiens plant ( balsam ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
quicklime cƿicklime ᛫ calcium oxide ᛫ N ~ NE
quickness cƿickness ᛫ consciousness ᛫ rapidity ᛫ N quick+ness NE×2
quicksilver cƿicksilfer ᛫ mercury ( the metal ) ᛫ N quicksilver NE
quid cƿid ᛫ a statement ᛫ a term ( as in a saying ) ᛬ to utter ᛫ to state ᛫ N᛬V quide[cwide]&quidden ME&ME
quild cƿild ᛫ a plague ᛫ a pestilence ᛫ a murrain ᛫ N cwyld/cwild OE
quillpig cƿillpig ᛫ a porcupine ᛫ N quill pig NE
quillwort cƿillƿurt ᛫ an Isoetes plant ᛫ N ~ NE
quirk cƿirk ᛫ an idiosyncrasy ᛫ N quirk NE‹?
quitch cƿic ᛫ a Elymus repens plant ( quack grass ) ᛫ N quitch ME
quith cƿiþ ᛫ a womb ᛫ a matrix ᛫ N cwiþ OE
quithe cƿiþe ᛫ to lament ᛫ to deplore ( as in bewail ) ᛫ V cwīþan OE
quoon cƿoon ᛫ to lament ᛫ to deplore ( as in bewail ) ᛫ V cwānian OE
quotha cƿoþa ᛫ ( used to express surprise or contempt ) ᛫ I quotha NE equal to "quoth he"
rack ᛫ a parrel ᛫ a parrel-rope ᛫ a rope for fastening the middle of a yard to the mast ᛫ N rak ME
rack ᛫ a mass of high thick fast-moving clouds ᛫ N ~[racu?] NE
rackent ᛫ a chain ᛫ N rakent ME
radich radic ᛫ a Raphanus sativus plant ᛫ N radich ME "radish" form may be influenced by "radise/radice", says etymonline
raid ᛫ a foray ( an incursion ) ᛬ to maraud ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE northern variant of "road"
raider ᛫ a marauder ᛫ N ~ NE from northern variant of "road"
rail ᛫ a garment ᛫ raiment ᛫ an outfit ᛫ clothing ᛫ a cloth ᛫ a rag ᛫ N rail[hrægl/hrægel] ME
railthane railþane ᛫ an officer in charge of clothes and vestments ᛫ a robekeeper ᛫ N hrægelþegn OE [MEC]
rain ᛫ arch- ᛫ highest- ᛫ PREFIX regn OE
rain ᛫ to prepare ᛫ to arrange ᛫ to regulate ᛫ V regnian OE
rainbow rainboƿ ᛫ an iris ᛫ N ~ NE
rainbowgleam rainboƿgleam ᛫ iridescence ᛫ N rainbow+gleam NE×2
rainpiper ᛫ a Charadriinae bird ( a plover ) ᛫ N rain+piper NE+NE‹‹OE‹I calque: German Regenpfeiffer
Rainsbury Rainsburry ᛫ Regnesburg ᛫ N Regnesburh OE
rainshade rainscade ᛫ an umbrella ᛫ N ~ NE
rainwold rainƿold ᛫ a rainforest ᛫ N rain+wold NE+ME calque: Regenwald ᛫ or: rainwood
rake ᛫ a narrative ᛫ an account ᛫ an exposition ᛫ a treatise ᛫ N race&racu ME&OE
rake ᛫ a track ᛫ a pass ᛬ to proceed ᛫ to take a course ᛫ N᛬V rāke&rāken[racian] ME&OE
raked ᛫ a palace ᛫ N ræced OE
rakedly ᛫ palatine ᛫ palatial ᛫ pertaining to a palace ᛫ AJ ræcedlic OE
rakehell ᛫ a fashionable or wealthy man of immoral or promiscuous habits ᛫ a libertine ᛫ N ~ NE
rakehelly ᛫ libertine ᛫ AJ rakehell+y NE×2
rakeshame rakescame ᛫ a disreputable or dissolute person ᛫ a rogue ᛫ N ~ NE
ram ᛫ a male sheep ᛫ N ~ NE opposite of: ewe
ram ᛫ a cramp ᛫ a spasm ᛫ N hramma OE kin: hrammr (Icelandic)
Ram ᛫ Aries ᛫ N(P) Ramm OE
ran ᛫ a whale ᛫ N hran OE or: ron (from alternative hron)
rand ᛫ a strip of something ( land , meat , etc ) ᛫ a shield ( poetic ) ᛫ N rand&rand ME&OE
randbigh randbige ᛫ a boss of a shield ᛫ an umbo of a shield ᛫ N randbēag OE a boss is a large projecting central piece on a shield
rank ᛫ overgrown ᛫ smelly ᛫ virulent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ranroad ᛫ the sea or ocean ( poetic ) ᛫ N hranrād OE
rare ᛫ lightly cooked ᛫ AJ ~ NE
raring ᛫ eager ᛫ enthusiastic ᛫ AJ ~ NE [CED][MW]
rasen ᛫ a beam used to support the timbers of a roof ᛫ a wall plate ᛫ a raising plate ᛫ N rēsen ME
rash rasc ᛫ a dash ᛫ a hurry ᛫ a rush ᛬ to move quickly ᛫ to hurry ᛫ to rush ᛬ overly hasty ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ rash&rash&rashen[ræscan] NE&ME&ME
ratch rac ᛫ a dog that hunts by scent ᛫ N racch ME
rathe raþe ᛫ eager ᛫ prompt ᛫ rash ᛫ early ᛫ too early ᛫ AJ rathe&rāthe&hræþ NE&ME&OE
ratheripe raþeripe ᛫ precocious ᛫ rareripe ᛫ AJ rathe-ripe NE [LEX]
rathest raþest ᛫ soonest ᛫ earliest ᛫ AJ ~ NE [CED]
ratsbane ᛫ rat poison ᛫ N ~ NE
ravenflint rafenflint ᛫ obsidian ᛫ N raven+flint NE×2 calque: hrafntinna
raw raƿ ᛫ uncooked ᛫ default ᛫ unmodified ᛫ unrefined ᛫ AJ raw[rau][hrēaw] NE
raw raƿ ᛫ lichen ᛫ N ragu OE
ray ᛫ a wild she-goat ᛫ N rǣge OE
reach reac ᛫ an extent of influence or an effect ᛬ to arrive at ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
reacon ᛫ apt ᛫ prompt ᛫ capable ᛫ qualified ᛫ AJ rēken[recen] ME
read ᛫ a lesson ᛫ a reading ᛬ to interpret ᛫ N᛬V read&rǣdan&rǣde NE&OE&OE
reading ᛫ an interpretation ᛫ interpretation itself ᛫ a lesson ᛫ N reading&rǣding NE&OE
readingbook ᛫ a lesson book ᛫ a lectionary ᛫ N rǣdingbōc OE
readout readute ᛫ a gauge [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
ream ᛫ to expand ( esp a hole ) ᛫ V ~[rȳman] NE
ream ᛫ cream ᛫ a film or skin on the surface of milk ᛫ consecrated oil ᛫ oil ᛬ to cream forth ᛫ N᛬V ream&rēme[rēam] NE&OE
reap ᛫ to gather a crop ᛫ to harvest ᛫ to receive something as a consequence ᛫ V ~ NE
rear ᛫ to raise ᛫ to erect something ᛫ to establish ᛫ to levy ᛫ to breed animals ᛫ to raise a child ᛫ V rear&arẹ̄ren NE&ME "raise" is Norse ᛫ kin: hræra (Icelandic)
reard ᛫ a voice ( whether human or animal ) ᛫ speech ᛫ a loud vocal outburst ᛫ a cry ᛫ a roar ᛫ N rerd&rērd/rearde[reord] NE&ME
reardbearer ᛫ a bearer of speech or voice ᛫ a person ᛫ N reordberend OE
rearded ᛫ voiced ( spoken with vibration of the vocal chords ) ᛫ AJ rērd+ed ME+NE calque: voiced
rearheadbone ᛫ an occipital bone ᛫ N rear+headbone NE×2 calque: achterhoofdsbeen; Hinterhauptbein
rearhorse ᛫ a praying mantis ᛫ N ~ NE
rearmouse rearmuse ᛫ a Chiroptera animal ( a bat ) ᛫ N ~[rẹ̄remǒus][hrēremūs] NE [OED] ᛫ plural: rearmice ᛫ bat is Norse
rease ᛫ a rush ᛫ a race ᛫ a charge ( like in battle ) ᛫ an assault ᛫ a moment of time ᛬ to rush ᛫ to race ᛫ to charge ( like in battle ) ᛫ to assault ᛫ N᛬V rēs[rǣs] ME "race" is Norse
reasow reasoƿ ᛫ to suspect ᛫ to suppose ᛫ V rǣswan OE
reasower reasoƿer ᛫ a counsellor ᛫ a chief ᛫ one who thinks for the public ᛫ N rǣswa OE
reasowing reasoƿing ᛫ supposition ᛫ conjecture ᛫ N rǣswung OE
reat ᛫ to lament or to wail in grief ᛫ V rēotan OE
reave reaf ᛫ to plunder ᛫ to rob ᛫ to pillage ᛫ V ~ NE PST: reft ᛫ PTCP: reft
reavedeer reafdeer ᛫ a carnivore ᛫ an animal of the order Carnivora ᛫ N reave+deer NE×2 calque: roofdier, Raubtier
reaver reafer ᛫ a robber ᛫ a raider ᛫ a bandit ᛫ a plunderer ᛫ a marauder ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
reck ᛫ to heed ᛫ to consider ᛫ to be concerned with ᛫ V ~[recchen][reccan] NE PST: rought ᛫ PTCP: rought
reckful ᛫ cautious ᛫ attentive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
recking ᛫ concern ᛫ caution ᛫ N reck+ing NE×2
reckless ᛫ incautious ᛫ lacking attention ᛫ AJ ~ NE
reckon ᛫ to calculate ᛫ to suppose ᛫ to enumerate ᛫ to recite from a list ᛫ to list ᛫ V ~[rekenen][recenian] NE
reckoner ᛫ a computer ᛫ a calculator ᛫ N reckon+er NE×2
reckoning ᛫ a supposition ᛫ a calculation ᛫ an estimation ᛫ a balance sheet ᛫ a bank account [ᚹ] ᛫ a bill ᛫ an invoice ᛫ N reckoning&rekening NE&ME
red ᛫ a communist ᛫ a socialist ᛬ communistic ᛫ socialistic ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
red ᛫ ( forms nouns showing a condition or a state ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~['-rēden/-rēden][-rǣden] NE found in: hatred; kindred
Red Russland ᛫ Red Ruthenia ᛫ N red+russland NE×2‹O calque: Red Russia
redback ᛫ a yuan ᛫ N ~ NE
redbuck ᛫ an impala ᛫ N red-buck NE inspired by: rooibok
redd ᛫ to save ᛫ to rescue ᛫ to free from something unpleasant such as embarrassment ᛫ V redden[hreddan] ME
rede ᛫ advice ᛫ counsel ᛬ to advise ᛫ to counsel ᛫ N᛬V rede&rēd NE&ME
redebaner ᛫ one who advises murder but does not commit it ᛫ N rǣdbana OE
redeful ᛫ wise ᛫ prudent ᛫ providing good counsel ᛫ AJ rēdful ME
redegift ᛫ a senate ᛫ a consulate ᛫ N rǣdgift OE use /j/ for English pronunciation ᛫ use /g/ for Norse pronunciation
redely ᛫ promptly ᛫ expeditiously ᛫ vigorously ᛫ surely ᛫ certainly ᛫ explicitly ᛫ AV rēdelī[rǣdlīce] ME
redesman ᛫ an adviser ᛫ a counsellor ᛫ N rēdesman[rǣdesmann] ME
redflag ᛫ an indication that something's wrong ᛫ N ~ NE
redshank redscank ᛫ a Tringa totanus animal ᛫ N ~ NE [CED][MW]
redstart ᛫ a Phoenicurus bird ( and other kinds of birds too ) ᛫ N ~ NE
redware redƿare ᛫ terracotta ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
reef ᛫ robbery ᛫ N ~ NE kin: reave ᛫ or: reef; reif (Scottish) ᛫ [LEX]
reef ᛫ to roof ᛫ to cover ᛫ V gehrēfan OE kin: roof
reek ᛫ vapour ᛫ a strong bad smell ᛫ N ~[rēc] NE
reekle reekel ᛫ incense ᛬ to cense with incense ᛫ N᛬V rēkels&rēcelsian ME&OE
reeklebook reekelbook ᛫ a bulging vessel for holding incense ᛫ N rēcelsbūc OE see: bouk
reeklevat reekelfatt ᛫ a censer ( an ornamental container for burning incense ) ᛫ N rēcelsfæt OE
reel ᛫ a kind of spool ᛫ a spool machine ᛫ a kind of dance ᛫ a dance ᛬ to wind on a reel ᛫ to dance ᛫ N᛬V ~[rēol] NE
reese ᛫ to tremble ᛫ to tremble with rage ᛫ to shudder ᛫ to quake ᛫ to shake ᛫ to rattle ᛫ to clatter ᛫ V rēsen[hrisian/hrysian] ME rhyme: geese
reese rees ᛫ to descend ᛫ to fall on one's sword ᛫ to fall out ( of hair ) ᛫ to collapse ᛫ to fall in battle ᛫ V rẹ̄sen[hrēosan] OE
reet ᛫ to cheer ᛫ to gladden ᛫ to comfort ᛫ V rētan OE kin: rōt
reeth reeþ ᛫ fierce ᛫ cruel ᛫ wild ᛫ savage ᛫ AJ rēþe ME
reeth reeþ ᛫ triumph ᛫ N hrēþ OE
Reethmonth Reeþmonþ ᛫ March ᛫ N(P) hrēþmōnaþ OE or: Lide
reethness reeþness ᛫ ferociousness ᛫ ruthlessness ᛫ mercilessness ᛫ cruelness ᛫ AJ ~ NE
reethy reeþy ᛫ triumphant ᛫ exultant ᛫ AJ hrēþig OE
reeve reef ᛫ a bailiff ᛫ a local official ᛫ a magistrate ᛫ a municipal official ᛫ N reeve&rẹ̄ve[rēfa] NE&ME
reeveship reefscip ᛫ a bailiffship ᛫ N ~ NE
reigh reig ᛫ fierce ᛫ tempestuous ᛫ AJ rẹ̄h&hrēoh ME&OE
reigh reig ᛫ a Batoidea fish ( a ray ) ᛫ N reihe[reohhe] ME
Reindeer Mere ᛫ Reindeer Lake ᛫ N(P) reindeer+mere NE‹N+NE or: Roan Mere
reise ᛫ a journey ᛫ a military expedition ᛫ N reis ME‹NL
rem ᛫ to hinder ᛫ to block progress ᛫ to obstruct ᛫ to cumber ᛫ V hremman OE
remming ᛫ a hindrance ᛫ an obstacle ᛫ an obstruction ᛫ N hremming OE
ren ᛫ to coagulate ᛫ V gerennan OE kin: run
rend ᛫ to tear into pieces ᛫ to wrench something violently ᛫ to cause great emotional pain to ᛫ V ~ NE
rennet ᛫ a cheeselib ( an enzyme used in making cheese ) ᛫ N ~ NE
rest ᛫ relief from exertion ᛫ sleep ᛫ inactivity ᛬ to take relief from exertion ᛫ to sleep ᛫ to become inactive ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
rest on ᛫ to depend on ᛫ V ~ NE
Restday ᛫ the Hebrew Sabbath ( Saturday by extension ) ᛫ N restendæg OE
resthome resþome ᛫ a nursing home ᛫ an old people's home ᛫ an old folk's home ᛫ N rest home NE [OED]
retch rec ᛫ to explain ᛫ to expound ᛫ to describe ᛫ to interpret ᛫ V recchen&arecchen[reccan] ME&ME kin: reck; reckless; reckon
retch rec ᛫ to vomit ᛫ to puke ᛫ V ~ NE
retcher recer ᛫ an explainer ᛫ an expounder ᛫ a descriptor ᛫ a theorist ᛫ an interpreter ᛫ N recchen+er ME+NE kin: reck; reckless; reckon
retching recing ᛫ an explanation ᛫ an expounding ᛫ a description ᛫ a theory ᛫ an interpretation ᛫ N recchen+ing{arecchen} ME+NE kin: reck; reckless; reckon
rib ᛫ a joke ᛫ N ~[rib-tickle] NE
ribframe ᛫ a rib cage ᛫ N rib+frame NE×2
ric ᛫ ( shows a jurisdiction dominion or rule over something ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE‹C
rice rise ᛫ a twig ᛫ a stick ᛫ a bobbin ᛫ a spool ᛫ N ~[hrīs] NE
rich ric ᛫ a dominion ᛫ a political entity ᛫ an empire ᛫ a state ᛫ a country ᛫ a nation ᛬ potent ᛫ powerful ᛫ wealthy ᛫ N᛬AJ rich&rīche[rīce/ᚱᛁᛁᚳᚾᚫ] NE‹C&ME‹C or: rike (northern variant)
richen ricen ᛫ a female magnate ᛫ N rīcen OE
richer ricer ᛫ a magnate ᛫ N rīca OE
rick ᛫ a stack ᛫ a stook ᛫ N ~ NE
rid ᛫ to disencumber ᛫ V ~ NE
ridding ᛫ a removal ᛫ N ~ NE
riddle riddel ᛫ a coarse sieve ᛬ to screen ᛫ to permeate ᛫ to fill with holes ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
rideheer ᛫ a troop of cavalry ᛫ N rīdehere OE
rider ᛫ a passenger ᛫ N ~ NE
ridge ricg ᛫ a ridge ᛫ the back of a creature ᛫ N ~[hrycg] NE
ridgebone ricgbone ᛫ a backbone ᛫ a spine ᛫ a vertebra ᛫ N ~[riggebōn] NE
ridgedeer ricgdeer ᛫ a vertebrate ᛫ N ridge+deer NE×2 inspired by: hryggdýr
riding ᛫ a subdivision of a county ( traditionally ones which come in a group of three ) ᛫ an electoral district (Canada) ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
rife ᛫ common ᛫ widespread ᛫ abounding ᛫ plentiful ᛫ frequent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
riff ᛫ a uterus ᛫ a belly ᛫ N hrif OE kin: midriff
rifle rifel ᛫ a long gun with a rifled barrel ᛫ N ~ NE‹I‹Þ?
rift ᛫ a laena ᛫ cloak ᛫ N rift ME
right rigt ᛫ just ᛫ correct ᛬ just ᛫ correctly ᛫ exactly ᛫ precisely ᛫ AJ᛬AV right&right NE&ME
right ago rigt ᛫ just now ᛫ AV right+ago NE×2
righten rigten ᛫ to rectify ᛫ V ~ NE
rightframed rigtframed ᛫ rightly constituted ᛫ orthodox ᛫ AJ rihtgefremed OE
rightful rigtful ᛫ having a legitimate right to something ᛫ legitimately claimed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
rightfully rigtfully ᛫ legitimately ᛫ AV ~ NE
rightledge rigtlecg ᛫ to correct ᛫ to rectify ᛫ V rightlechen ME
rightliefful rigtleefful ᛫ orthodox ᛫ AJ rihtgelēaffull OE
rightlieffulness rigtleeffulness ᛫ orthodoxy ᛫ N rihtgelēaffulness OE
rightly rigtly ᛫ correctly ᛫ justifiably ᛫ AV ~ NE
rightminded rigtminded ᛫ sane ᛫ decent ᛫ morally upright ᛫ AJ ~ NE
rightwise rigtƿise ᛫ to justify ᛫ to vindicate ᛬ sanctimonious ᛫ moral ᛫ righteous ᛫ just ᛫ clockwise ᛫ V᛬AJ righteous&rightwīsen NE&ME
rightwiseness rigtƿiseness ᛫ righteousness ᛫ justice ᛫ N rihtwīsness OE
rightwising rigtƿising ᛫ justification ᛫ N gerihtwīsung OE
rim ᛫ a border ᛫ N rim&rima NE&OE
rime ᛫ to clear ᛫ to clear up ᛫ to clear away ᛫ to make room ᛫ to die ᛫ to depart ᛫ V rīmen[rȳman/rīman] ME
rime ᛫ a number ᛬ to number ᛫ to count ᛫ N᛬V rime&rimen ME&ME
rime ᛫ ice formed by the rapid freezing of cold water droplets of fog onto a cold surface ᛫ N ~ NE
rimebook ᛫ a calendar ᛫ N gerīmbōc OE
rimecraft ᛫ arithmetic ᛫ mathematics ᛫ maths ᛫ math ᛫ N rimcræft OE
rimekeeping ᛫ accounting ᛫ N rime+keep+ing ME+NE×2
rimer ᛫ a computer ᛫ a counter ᛫ a calculator ᛫ N rimere OE
rimple rimpel ᛫ to crease ᛫ V ~ NE
rimth rimþ ᛫ an extent ᛫ a space ᛫ a space of time ᛫ N rimth[rȳmþ] ME
rind ᛫ crust ᛫ bark ᛫ peel ᛫ skin ᛫ cortex [ᚹ] ᛬ to remove the rind from ᛫ to peel ᛫ N᛬V ~[rī̆nd][rind] NE meaning of "cortex" taken from German which uses "Rinde" for all the meanings of "cortex"
Rine ᛫ the Rhine river ᛫ N Rīne ME
rine ᛫ a touch ᛫ an effect [ᚹ] ᛬ to touch ᛫ to affect [ᚹ] ᛫ N᛬V rīnen[hrīnan] ME
rinendly ᛫ touchable ᛫ tangible ᛫ physical ᛫ AJ rinen+endlic ME+OE
ring ᛫ a circle ᛫ a clique ᛫ a cabal ᛫ N ~ NE
ringleader ᛫ the leader of a clique or a cabal ᛫ N ~ NE
ringnet ᛫ mail ᛫ chainmail ᛫ a coat of mail ᛫ a coat of chainmail ᛫ a hauberk ᛫ a corselet ᛫ N ~[hringnet] NE‹OE [OED]
Rinish Rinisc ᛫ Rhenish ᛫ AJ Rīnish ME
rink ᛫ a man ( esp a heroic one ) ᛫ N ~ NE
rinnel ᛫ a courier ᛫ a runner ᛫ N rynel/renel NE
ripe ᛫ mature ᛫ ready for use ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ripe ᛫ to rob ᛫ to plunder ᛫ to ransack ᛫ to rifle through ᛫ to rummage ᛫ to search thoroughly ᛫ V ~[rīpen][rīpan] NE kin: reap
ripen ᛫ to mature ᛫ V ~ NE
ripple rippel ᛫ a coppice? ᛫ N rippel OE found in the name Ripley (rippel + lēah)
rise ᛫ an upward movement ᛫ an increase ᛫ a raise ( a salary increase ) ᛬ to go up ᛫ to ascend ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
rissle rissel ᛫ soft fat ᛫ suet ᛫ axungia ᛫ N rysel OE
rith riþ ᛫ a mastiff ᛫ a bloodhound ᛫ a large dog ᛫ N ryþþa OE
rith riþ ᛫ a fever ᛫ N hriþ OE
rithe riþe ᛫ a small stream ᛫ N ~[riþ] NE [MW]
rix ᛫ to rule ᛫ to reign ᛫ to govern ᛫ V rixan{gerec?} ME‹OE‹C
rizzle risel ᛫ grease ᛫ N risel[rysel] ME
road ᛫ an arterial ᛫ a passage ᛫ an avenue ᛫ an expressway ᛫ N ~ NE
roadness ᛫ rhoticity ᛫ N road+ness NE×2 rho (Ρ) calqued as road (ᚱ)
roan ᛫ a reindeer ᛫ a caribou ᛫ N hrān OE
rochet rocet ᛫ to eructate ᛫ V rocettan OE
rodden ᛫ adorned ᛫ AJ geroden OE past participle of unattested Old English verb
rodder ᛫ the firmament ᛫ outer space ᛫ aether ᛫ N rodor OE literally meant "wheel"?
rodder ᛫ astro- ᛫ cosmo- ᛫ PREFIX rodor OE
roddercraft ᛫ a spacecraft ᛫ a spaceship ᛫ N rodor+craft OE+NE
rodderfarer ᛫ an astronaut ᛫ a cosmonaut ᛫ N rodder+farer OE+NE
rodderling ᛫ a space alien ᛫ N rodor+ling OE+NE
rodderlore ᛫ astronomy ( the scientific field dealing with celestial objects and space ) ᛫ N rodder+lore OE+NE
rodderly ᛫ celestial ᛫ AJ rodorlic OE
rode ᛫ reason ( as in rationality ) ᛬ rational ᛫ reasonable ᛫ N᛬AJ rōde&gerād{irā̆d} ME&OE SEE NOTE
roke ᛫ expectoration ᛫ spittle ᛫ matter brought up when clearing the throat ᛫ N rōkinge&hrāca ME&OE
Romania ᛫ Romania ᛫ Rumania ᛫ N(P) România I
Ronding ᛫ one of the Reudigni ᛫ N(P) Rondingum OE
Rone ᛫ Rouen ( city in Normandy ) ᛫ N Rọ̄ne ME
rone ᛫ a rain gutter ᛫ a gutter [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE‹? [LEX]
roo ᛫ peace ᛫ stillness ᛫ quietness ᛫ silence ᛫ tranquillity ᛫ N rō/roo ME
rood ᛫ a cross ᛫ a crucifix ᛫ N ~ NE
roodfasten ᛫ to crucify ᛫ V rodfæstnian OE
roodhang ᛫ a crucifix ᛫ a crucifixion ᛫ N rōdehengen ME
roodsithe roodsiþe ᛫ a cross-expedition ᛫ a crusade ᛫ N rood+sīth NE+ME
roodwye roodƿye ᛫ a crusade ᛫ N rood+wye NE+ME unrealistic/fanciful
roof ᛫ vigorous ᛫ strong ᛫ valiant ᛫ AJ rof OE
roof ᛫ a ceiling ᛫ a palate of a mouth ᛬ to cover ᛫ V ~[rọ̄f][hrōf] NE
roofbone ᛫ a palatine bone ᛫ N roof+bone NE×2 as in palate (mouthroof)
rook ᛫ a cheat ᛫ a swindler ᛫ a Corvus frugilegus bird ᛫ N ~[hrōc] NE
Room ᛫ Rome ᛫ N Rōme/Room[Rōme] ME
room ᛫ space ᛫ volume ᛫ a section of a building ᛫ N ~ NE
room ᛫ soot ᛫ N hrūm OE
Roomanish Roomanisc ᛫ Roman ᛫ AJ(P) Rōmānisc OE
Roomany ᛫ the Roman Empire ᛫ N(P) Rōmā̆nīe ME
Roomer ᛫ a Roman ( one who lives in the city of Rome ) ᛫ N Rōmwaran OE
roomet ᛫ extent ᛫ space ᛫ extension ᛫ clearance ᛫ N rīmet[rȳmet] ME
roomhearted ᛫ generous ᛫ liberal hearted ᛫ AJ rūmheort OE
roomstead ᛫ a compartment ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
roomth roomþ ᛫ capacity ᛫ volume ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
roomtime ᛫ spacetime ᛫ N room+time NE×2
roomy ᛫ spacious ᛫ AJ ~ NE "room" alone could mean "roomy" in Middle English
roomy ᛫ sooty ᛫ dirty ᛫ bedaubed ᛫ AJ hrūmig OE
roop ᛫ a cry ᛬ to cry out ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
roor ᛫ potent ᛫ vigorous ᛫ AJ hrōr OE rhyme: floor
roose roos ᛫ a rose ᛫ N ~[rōse] ANE‹‹OE‹I [OED] ᛫ "The form of the English word was influenced by the French." - Etymonline
rooselawer rooslaƿer ᛫ oleander ᛫ N roose+laur ANE‹‹I+OE‹I [OED] ᛫ calque: rose laurel, rosebay
roosemallow roosmalloƿ ᛫ a hibiscus ᛫ N roose+mallow ANE+NE‹‹OE‹I calque: rose mallow
roost ᛫ the internal structure of a roof ᛫ an attic ᛫ a sollar ᛫ a garret ᛫ a loft ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
root ᛫ glad ᛫ cheerful ᛫ AJ rōt OE kin: rētan
rootfast ᛫ firmly held by the roots ᛫ securely established ᛫ AJ ~ NE
rop ᛫ a colon ᛫ an intestine ᛫ intestines ᛫ entrails ᛫ guts ᛫ bowels ᛫ small intestines ᛫ N rop&ropp ME&OE
rose ᛫ to explore ᛫ to journey ᛫ to adventure ᛫ V rāsian OE
roster ᛫ a list of names ᛫ a muster roll ᛫ N ~[NL rooster] NE‹NL
rot ᛫ thick fluid ᛫ scum ᛫ mucus ᛫ N hrot OE kin: Rotz (German)
rotgut ᛫ low-quality alcoholic liquor ᛫ N ~ NE
Rothem Roþem ᛫ Rouen ( city in Normandy ) ᛫ N(P) Roþem OE From the Anglo Saxon Chronicle, alternative to Rone
rother roþer ᛫ a bovine ᛫ N ~[rother][hrīþer/hrȳþer] NE rhyme: bother (see "rother beast" on Lexico)
rother roþer ᛫ comfort ᛫ solace ᛬ to comfort ᛫ to console ᛫ N᛬V hrōþor OE
rotherflesh roþerflesc ᛫ beef ᛫ N rother+flesh NE×2 or: rothern flesh (attested as: reþeren flesche)
rothern roþeren ᛫ of oxen ᛫ of cattle ᛫ AJ rotheren[hrīþeren/hrȳþeren] ME spelling analogy: silvern
rothhound roþhund ᛫ a mastiff ᛫ a molossus ᛫ a large dog ᛫ N roþhund OE
router ƿrooter ᛫ a machine for woodworking ᛫ a person who uncovers things ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
row roƿ ᛫ a series ᛫ a line ᛫ a line of words ᛫ succession ᛫ a rank ( of soldiers etc ) ᛫ a streak ᛫ a stripe ᛫ N row&reue[rǣw/rāw] NE&ME
rower roƿer ᛫ a heron ᛫ an egret ᛫ N hrāgra OE
rown rune ᛫ crypto- ᛫ PREFIX rown NE
rown rune ᛫ a mystery ᛫ a secret ᛫ hidden speech ᛫ a whisper ᛫ a rune ᛬ to whisper ᛫ N᛬V rown&roun&rūn{gerȳne} NE&ME&OE or: roun
rowncraft runecraft ᛫ arcane knowledge or arts ᛫ N rūncræftige OE
rowncrafty runecrafty ᛫ learned in arcane knowledge or arts ᛫ AJ rūncræftige OE
rownish runisc ᛫ runic ᛫ AJ rown+ish NE×2
rownlore runelore ᛫ runology ᛫ N rown+lore NE×2
rownshat runescat ᛫ a unit of cryptocurrency ᛫ cryptocurrency ᛫ N rown+shat NE+ME
rownstaff runestaff ᛫ a rune ( a runic character ) ᛫ N rūnstæf OE
rowny runey ᛫ mystical ᛫ mysterious ᛫ AJ rūnlīc OE
rud ᛫ redness ᛫ blush ᛫ the Tagetes plant ( marigold ) ᛬ to redden ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [CED]
ruddle ruddel ᛫ red ochre ᛬ to mark with red ochre ᛫ to raddle or twist ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE or: reddle
ruddock ᛫ the Erithacus rubecula bird ᛫ N ~ NE
ruddock ᛫ a robin ᛫ N ~ NE
rue reƿ ᛫ regret ᛫ remorse ᛬ to regret ᛫ to be penitent ᛫ N᛬V ~[reuen][hrēow] NE kin: ruth
ruechary reƿcary ᛫ troubled ᛫ anxious ᛫ sorrowful ᛫ AJ hrēowcearig OE
rug ᛫ a carpet ᛫ N ~ NE‹N?
run in ᛫ a disagreement or conflict ( esp with an established authority ) ᛫ N run-in NE
runaway runaƿay ᛫ an estray ᛬ unchecked ᛫ rampant ᛫ fugitive ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
rung ᛫ a foot bar on a ladder ᛫ a level in a hierarchy ᛫ a rank ᛫ degree [ᚹ] ᛫ grade [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
runnel ᛫ a rivulet ᛫ a rill ᛫ a gutter ᛫ N runnel NE
runningfowl runningfule ᛫ a Cursoriinae bird ᛫ a courser ᛫ N running+fowl NE×2 calque: renvogel; Rennvogel
runninghand runninghand ᛫ cursive script ᛫ N ~ NE
runthrough runþruge ᛫ a rehearsal ᛫ a brief outline or summary ᛫ N runthrough NE
runway runƿay ᛫ a surface for landings and takeoffs of planes ᛫ a ramp ᛫ a sloped gangway ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
rus ᛫ the crust or surface of the Earth ᛫ the ground ᛫ N hruse OE rhyme: does? ᛫ kin: crusta (Latin)?
rush rusc ᛫ a Juncus plant ᛫ N ~[risc/rysc] NE
rushleek ruscleek ᛫ an Allium schoenoprasum plant ( chives ) ᛫ N ~[riscleac] NE
Russland ᛫ Russia ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹O or: Russy; Muscovy
ruth reƿþ ᛫ pity ᛫ sympathy ᛫ mercy ᛫ remorse regret ᛫ N ~[reuth/rewth] NE‹N kin: rue
ruthful reƿþful ᛫ merciful ᛫ compassionate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ruthless reƿþless ᛫ remorseless ᛫ cruel ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sackful ᛫ contentious ᛫ quarrelsome ᛫ AJ sacfull OE
sackless ᛫ innocent ᛫ blameless ᛫ guiltless ᛫ free of legal charge ᛫ AJ ~ NE kin: sake
saddletree saddeltree ᛫ a Liriodendron tulipifera plant ( a tulip tree ) ᛫ N ~ NE
sade ᛫ to become sated ᛫ to satisfy ᛫ to satiate ᛫ V sate&saden&sadian NE&ME&OE form with T apparently influenced by satiare/satiate
safin ᛫ a Juniperus sabina plant ( savin ) ᛫ N safine OE rhyme: havin'
sailcloth sailcloþ ᛫ canvas ( or other material used for making sails ) ᛫ N ~ NE
sailorly sailerly ᛫ nautical ( in some senses ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sain ᛫ a sign ᛫ a banner ᛫ a military standard ᛬ to make the sign of the cross on or over ᛫ N᛬V sain&segn[segnian] NE‹‹OE‹I
sake ᛫ a cause ( a reason for contention ) ᛫ an account ( one's behalf ) ᛫ a suit ( a lawsuit ) ᛬ to sue ᛫ to bring a suit against ᛫ N᛬V sake&sāke&sacan NE&ME&OE PST: sook ᛫ PTCP: saken
sale ᛫ a main hall in a large building ᛫ a large room ( esp one used for things like banquets ) ᛫ N sā̆l[sæl][sele] ME Finnish "sali" and OE rune poem used for definition
salework saleƿork ᛫ goods made for general use ( as opposed to goods made to order ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
sallow salloƿ ᛫ a pale yellow colour ᛫ a pale brown colour ᛫ a Salix plant ( pussy willow ) ᛫ a Xanthia insect ᛬ sallow in colour ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
salt pig ᛫ a salt cellar ᛫ N ~ NE salt cellars are often labelled as salt pigs in online stores
saltern ᛫ a building where salt is made by boiling or evaporation ᛫ N ~[sealtern] NE
saltiness ᛫ salinity ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
salty ᛫ saline ᛫ irritated and bitter ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
salve salf ᛫ an ointment balm cream or paste used for medicinal reasons ᛫ N ~ NE
salvy salfy ᛫ sage ( plant ) ᛫ N salfige[salvia] OE‹I
sam ᛫ together ᛫ AV sammen ME
sam ᛫ to assemble ᛫ to coagulate ᛫ V sam&samnen[samnian] NE&ME
sam ᛫ half- ᛫ semi- ᛫ PREFIX sam OE
samblind ᛫ half-blind ᛫ dim-sighted ᛫ AJ sandblind NE
samborn ᛫ half-born ᛫ aborted ᛫ AJ samboren OE
sameblooded ᛫ consanguineous ᛫ AJ sameblooded NE
samebloodedness ᛫ consanguinity ᛫ N samebloodedness NE
samed ᛫ simultaneously ᛫ together ᛬ together with ᛫ AV᛬P sā̆mod[samed/samod/somed] ME
samedsithe samedsiþe ᛫ to accompany ᛫ to travel together ᛫ V samodsiþian OE
samedsweyend samedsƿeyend ᛫ a consonant ᛫ N samodswēgende OE
sameness ᛫ identicalness ᛫ similarity ᛫ N ~ NE
samewist sameƿist ᛫ cohabitation ᛫ N samwist OE
samey ᛫ generic ᛫ monotonous ᛫ AJ+AV ~ NE
sameyness ᛫ genericness ᛫ monotony ᛫ N ~ NE
sammening ᛫ a convention ᛫ a congregation ᛫ a synagogue ᛫ a church ᛫ N gesamnung OE
sammer ᛫ a collector ᛫ a gatherer ᛫ N samnere OE
samming ᛫ an assembly ᛫ a council ᛫ N samnung OE
samsodden ᛫ half-cooked ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
samwaxen samƿaxen ᛫ half grown ᛫ AJ sāmweaxen OE
samwhole samhƿole ᛫ not whole ᛫ in poor health ᛫ AJ samhal OE
samwise samƿise ᛫ half-wise ᛫ foolish ᛫ simple ᛫ AJ sāmwīs OE
samyoung samyung ᛫ an adolescent ᛬ adolescent ᛫ N᛬AJ samgeong OE
sandglass ᛫ an hourglass ᛫ N ~ NE
sandhill ᛫ a sand dune ᛫ N sand-hill NE [OED]
Saraken ᛫ a Saracen ᛫ N(P) saracene OE‹I‹H‹? kin: Saracen
Sarakennish Sarakennisc ᛫ Saracen ᛫ AJ(P) saracenisc OE‹I‹H‹?
sarch sarc ᛫ a shirt ᛫ N serc OE
Sardin ᛫ a Sardinian ᛫ N(P) Sardinie OE
sare ᛫ an artifice ᛫ a machination ᛫ a machine ᛫ a device ᛫ an engine ᛬ to act with artifice ᛫ to engineer [ᚹ] ᛫ N᛬V searu&searwian OE&OE
sarecraft ᛫ stratagem ᛫ machination ᛫ engineering [ᚹ] ᛫ N searucræft OE
sarecrafty ᛫ wily ᛫ cunning ᛫ AJ searucræftig OE
saregun ᛫ a machinegun ᛫ N searu+gun OE+NE‹N calque: machinegun
sarely ᛫ ingenious ᛫ artful ᛫ mechanical [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ searulīc OE
sareman ᛫ one who makes machines , engines , or machinations ᛫ an engineer ᛫ N searu+man OE+NE
sarenet ᛫ a net of guile ᛫ a snare ᛫ N searunet OE
sarethank sareþank ᛫ a cunning thought device artifice or wile ᛫ N searuþanc OE
sarethankle sareþankel ᛫ cunning ᛫ sagacious ᛫ shrewd ᛫ AJ searuþancol OE
sarewrench sareƿrenc ᛫ a crafty trick ᛫ N searuwrenc OE
sark ᛫ a shirt ᛫ N ~[serc] NE
Sarmondish Sarmondisc ᛫ Sarmatian language ᛬ Sarmatian ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Sarmondisc OE
Sarmondland ᛫ Sarmatia ᛫ N(P) Sarmondisc+land OE+NE
satch sac ᛫ strife ᛫ conflict ᛫ N sæc OE kin: sake
Saturnight Saturnigt ᛫ the night following Saturday's dusk ᛫ N(P) ~ NE‹(I+E)
Saudi Araby ᛫ Saudi Arabia ᛫ N(P) Saudi+Arabī NE‹O+ME‹O
saught saugt ᛫ reconciliation ᛬ to be reconciled ᛫ to reconcile ᛫ to make peace ᛫ N᛬V saught&saughten[seaht] ME&ME
saughten saugten ᛫ to make peace ᛫ to reconcile ᛫ V saughtenen ME
saw saƿ ᛫ a narrative ᛫ a saga ᛫ a story ᛫ a saying ᛫ a maxim ᛫ a proverb ᛫ a notion [ᚹ] ᛫ N saw&sau[sagu/saga] NE&ME see note
sawbill saƿbill ᛫ a Mergus bird ( a merganser ) ᛫ N ~ NE
sawbones saƿbones ᛫ a surgeon ᛫ N ~ NE
sawer saƿer ᛫ a sawyer ᛫ N sauer ME
sax ᛫ a kind of short sword ᛫ a knife ᛫ a cutting tool ᛫ N sex/sax ME
sax ᛫ a Saxophone ᛫ N ~ NE
Sax ᛫ a Saxon ᛫ N(P) Seaxe OE PL: Saxes; Saxen (older form)
Saxish Saxisc ᛫ Saxon language ᛬ of the Saxons ᛫ N᛬AJ ~[Seaxisc] ME
scalp skalp ᛫ a crown ( the top of a head ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
scathe skaþe ᛫ to injure ᛫ V ~ NE see: shathe
scatheful skaþeful ᛫ causing harm or mischief ᛫ injurious ᛫ destructive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
scathefulness skaþefulness ᛫ injuriousness ᛫ destructiveness ᛫ N ~ NE
scathel skaþel ᛫ hurt ᛫ injury ᛬ harmful ᛫ noxious ᛫ injurious ᛫ mischievous ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
scathing skaþing ᛫ harshly or bitterly critical ᛫ harmful or painful ᛫ acerbic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
scatterling skatterling ᛫ a vagabond ᛫ N ~ NE
sclair sklair ᛫ a veil ( worn on the head ) ᛫ N skleir/scleyre ME
Sclave Sklafe ᛫ a Slav ᛫ N(P) Sclā̆ve ME‹I "Slav" was a reborrowing?
score skore ᛫ the number of points goals runs etc achieved in a game ᛫ a set of twenty ᛬ to gain a point ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹N
scough skoug ᛫ a forest ᛫ N scough ME‹N kin: skōgr
scrawny scraƿny ᛫ thin malnourished and weak ᛫ AJ ~ NE
screed skreed ᛫ a long speech or piece of writing ( typically regarded as tedious ) ᛫ N ~ NE
scurf skurf ᛫ flakes on the surface of the skin that form as fresh skin develops below ᛫ N ~ NE
scythe siþe ᛫ an agricultural tool with a shaft and a curved blade used for mowing ᛫ N ~ NE
seabladder ᛫ a Physalia physalis animal ( a Portuguese man-of-war ) ᛫ N ~ NE
seaborough seaboroug ᛫ a seaside settlement ᛫ N sǣburh OE
seacow seacue ᛫ a manatee ᛫ a dugong ᛫ a Sirenia mammal ᛫ N sea cow NE
seadeer ᛫ a sea creature ᛫ N sǣdēor OE
seadevil seadefil ᛫ a manta ray ᛫ N ~ NE
seadom ᛫ a thalassocracy ᛫ a thalattocracy ᛫ N sea+dom NE×2
seaduck ᛫ a Fuligulinae bird ( an eider , a scoter ) ᛫ N ~ NE
seaear ᛫ a Haliotis mollusc ( an abalone , an ormer ) ᛫ N ~ NE also: ear shell
seaelfen ᛫ a sea nymph ᛫ N sǣælfen OE
seafareld ᛫ a sea passage ᛫ N sǣfæreld OE
seafarth seafarþ ᛫ the sea shore ( poetic ) ᛫ N sǣfaroþ OE
seafear ᛫ thalassophobia ᛫ N sear+fear NE
seafennel ᛫ a Crithmum maritimum plant ( samphire ) ᛫ N sea fennel NE‹(E‹E+I) [OED]
seaganger ᛫ a mariner ᛫ a vessel ᛫ N sǣgenga OE
seaglass ᛫ isinglass ᛫ N sea-glass NE [OED]
seagreen ᛫ a blueish green colour ᛫ of a blueish green colour ᛫ N sea-green NE
seahaven seahafen ᛫ a seaport ᛫ a town or city with a harbour for seagoing ships ᛫ N sea+haven NE×2 calque: zeehaven
seahawk seahaƿk ᛫ a Stercorarius bird ( a skua , a jaeger ) ᛫ N ~ NE
seahen ᛫ a Cepphus bird ( a guillemot ) ᛫ a Uria bird ( a guillemot / a murre ) ᛫ N sea-hen NE [OED]
seahinx ᛫ a hippopotamus ᛫ N sǣhengest OE literally sea-horse
seahound seahund ᛫ a dogfish ᛫ a shark of the small bottom-dwelling variety ᛫ N ~ NE
sealily sealilly ᛫ a stalked crinoid ᛫ N sea lily NE‹(E+E‹I) [OED]
sealine ᛫ the horizon ( when over water ) ᛫ N sea-line NE [OED]
sealithing sealiþing ᛫ seafaring ᛫ AJ sǣlīþende OE
sealore ᛫ oceanography ᛫ N ~ NE
sealsmolt ᛫ melted seal blubber ᛫ seal oil ᛫ N seilesmolt ME found under "smolt" on MEC
sealth sealþ ᛫ happiness ᛫ fortune ᛫ prosperity ᛫ N sē̆lth[sǣlþ] ME
sealy ᛫ marine ᛫ thalassic ᛫ oceanic ᛫ AJ sǣlīc OE
seam ᛫ a line of stitching ᛫ a ridge formed by joined edges ᛫ a stratum ( coal , ore , etc ) ᛫ a suture ᛫ a gully ᛫ a groove ᛫ a crevice ᛫ N ~[sēm][sēam] ME
seamanship seamanscip ᛫ skill of sailing ᛫ N ~ NE
seamere ᛫ a lagoon ᛫ an enclosed part of the sea ᛫ N sea+mere NE×2 calque: sea-lake
seaminnow seaminnoƿ ᛫ an Engraulidae fish ᛫ an anchovy ᛫ N sea minnow ANE poorly attested
seamster ᛫ a tailor ᛫ a seamstress ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
seamy ᛫ sordid ᛫ disreputable ᛫ distasteful ᛫ ignoble ᛫ AJ ~ NE
seanettle seanettel ᛫ the jellyfish ᛫ N sea nettle NE
sear ᛫ to burn ᛫ to scorch ᛫ to wither ᛫ to dry up ᛫ to mark permanently ᛫ V ~ NE
searaven searafen ᛫ A Phalacrocoracidae bird ᛫ a cormorant ᛫ N ~ NE essentially a calque of "cormorant"
seareaver seareafer ᛫ a pirate ᛫ N ~ NE
seaswallow seasƿalloƿ ᛫ a Sterninae bird ( a tern ) ᛫ N ~ NE
seaswamb seasƿamb ᛫ a seasponge ᛫ N sea+swamm NE+ME
seaswine seasƿine ᛫ the porpoise ᛫ N ~ NE
seat ᛫ an ambush ᛬ to ambush ᛫ to lie in wait to ambush ᛫ N᛬V sǣt&sǣtian OE&OE
seatbone ᛫ an ischium ᛫ N seat+bone NE×2 calque: zitbeen, Sitzbein
seater ᛫ an insidiator ᛫ an ambusher ᛫ N sǣtere OE
seath seaþ ᛫ a pit ᛫ a hole ᛫ N seaþ OE
seave seaf ᛫ mind ( poetic ) ᛫ N sefa OE
seawarth seaƿarþ ᛫ the sea shore ᛫ N sǣwaroþ OE
seawight seaƿigt ᛫ a sea creature ᛫ N sǣwiht OE
sedge secg ᛫ a man ᛫ N segge[secg] ME
sedge secg ᛫ a Cyperaceae plant ᛫ N ~ NE
see ᛫ a pupil ( of the eye ) ᛫ N sēo OE
seed ᛫ a purse ᛫ a money-bag ᛫ a coin-purse ᛫ a wallet ᛫ N seode&sēod ME&OE
seed ᛫ semen ᛫ sperm ᛫ one's descendants ᛫ N ~ NE
seedly ᛫ seminal ᛫ AJ sǣdlīc OE
seedtime ᛫ the time to sow seeds ᛫ a time for new development ᛫ N ~ NE
seedy ᛫ sleazy ᛫ untidy ᛫ full of seeds ᛫ infirm ᛫ suffering from a hangover ᛫ AJ ~ NE
seek ᛫ to search ᛫ V ~ NE de-Norsed: seech/seec (found in "beseech")
seeksorrow seeksorroƿ ᛫ a masochist ᛫ N ~ NE de-Norsed: seechsorrow/seecsorroƿ
seel ᛫ happiness ᛫ prosperity ᛫ a proper time ᛫ a good occasion ᛫ an opportunity ᛫ N sēle[sǣl] ME
seel ᛫ happiness ᛫ prosperity ᛫ good fortune ᛫ luck ᛫ N sele ME
seely ᛫ spiritually favored ᛫ happy ᛫ blissful ᛫ fortunate ᛫ lucky ᛫ auspicious ᛫ AJ sely ME doublet: silly
seem ᛫ to bring to an agreement ᛫ to reconcile ᛫ V sẹ̄men[sēman] ME
seem ᛫ to burden ᛫ to put a load on ᛫ V sēmen[sēman/sīman] ME
seeming ᛫ apparent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
seemingly ᛫ apparently ᛫ decorously ᛫ AV ~ NE
seemliness ᛫ propriety ᛫ properness ᛫ appropiateness ᛫ decorum ᛫ decency ᛫ decentness ᛫ civility ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E+E) [OED]
seemly ᛫ proper ᛫ appropiate ᛫ decorous ᛫ decent ᛫ civil ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(N+E) [OED]
seendly ᛫ visible ᛫ AJ see+end+ly NE+ME+NE
seer ᛫ a person who sees something specified ᛫ a prophet ᛫ N ~ NE
seethe seeþe ᛫ to digest ᛫ N ME
seethe seeþe ᛫ to boil ᛫ V ~ NE
seethe seeþe ᛫ to declare true ᛫ to affirm ᛫ to attest ᛫ to testify ᛫ V sēþan OE
seether seeþer ᛫ a boiler ᛫ N seethe+er NE×2
seething seeþing ᛫ an attestation ᛫ an affirmation ᛫ a proof ᛫ N sēþan+ing OE+NE
seethrough seeþruge ᛫ transparent ᛫ translucent ᛫ AJ seethrough NE
selcouth selcooþ ᛫ strange ᛫ unusual ᛫ peculiar ᛫ marvellous ᛫ miraculous ᛫ preternatural ᛫ AJ selcouth&selcūþ NE&OE
seld ᛫ rare ᛫ infrequent ᛬ infrequently ᛫ rarely ᛫ AJ᛬AV selde ME
seld ᛫ a chair ᛫ a seat ᛫ a throne ᛫ N sẹ̄lde[seld] ME or: sield? (vowel lengthened for at least some speakers)
seld ᛫ rare- ᛫ PREFIX seld OE
seldom ᛫ infrequent ᛫ rare ᛬ infrequently ᛫ rarely ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
seldomly ᛫ rarely ᛫ AV ~ NE
seldomness ᛫ rareness ᛫ rarity ᛫ uncommonness ᛫ N ~ NE
seldseen ᛫ rarely seen ᛫ rare ᛫ uncommon ᛫ unusual ᛫ AJ seldsēn ME
selfeater ᛫ a cannibal ᛫ N selfǣta OE
selfhood ᛫ individuality ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
selfkill ᛫ to kill oneself ( accidentally or intentionally ) ᛫ V ~ NE
selfkiller ᛫ one who has killed oneself ( accidentally or intentionally ) ᛫ N ~ NE
selfly ᛫ personal ᛫ voluntary ᛫ AJ ~ NE
selfmurther selfmurþer ᛫ to suicide ᛫ V ~ NE
selfmurtherer selfmurþerer ᛫ a suicide ( one who kills oneself ) ᛫ N selfmurther+er NE×2
selfnamed ᛫ eponymous ᛫ AJ self-named NE
selfpitch selfpic ᛫ autotune ᛬ to autotune ᛫ N᛬V self+pitch{autotune} NE×2 calque: Autotune
selfsame ᛫ identical ᛫ AJ ~ NE
selfsameness ᛫ identity ᛫ N ~ NE
selfshifter selfscifter ᛫ a motor vehicle with an automatic transmission ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
selfshrithe selfscriþe ᛫ to automatically act or move ᛫ to motivate oneself ᛫ V self+shrithe NE+ME
selfshrithing selfscriþing ᛫ automatic ᛫ AJ self+shrithe+ing NE+ME+NE
selfstanding ᛫ independent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
selfweening selfƿeening • conceitedness • self-conceit • self-importance • arrogance • egotism • vanity ᛬ conceited • self-important • arrogant • egotistical • vain • opinionated • N:AJ self-weening ANE [OED]
selfwield selfƿeeld ᛫ autonomy ᛫ self-governance ᛫ N self+wield NE+NE
selfwielding selfƿeelding ᛫ autonomous ᛫ self-governing ᛫ AJ self+wield+ing NE+NE+NE
selk ᛫ to become sluggish ᛫ V āseolcan OE
sellsword sellsƿord ᛫ a mercenary ᛫ N ~ NE
selly ᛫ an unusual thing ᛬ strange ᛫ unusual ᛫ remarkable ᛫ marvelous ᛫ exceptional ᛫ excellent ᛬ wondrously ᛫ strangely ᛫ unusually ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬AV sellī ME
sem ᛫ to remain suspended ᛫ V seomian OE
seme ᛫ clinch nails ᛫ N sēm ME‹? always plural? ᛫ seme-nail is attested (spelled "semenaill")
semp ᛫ mustard ᛫ N senep ME‹OE‹Þ‹I‹H
sen ᛫ very- ᛫ ever- ᛫ PREFIX sin OE found in: sengreen
sench senc ᛫ to sink ᛫ to drown [ᛏ] ᛫ V senchen[sencan] ME
sendforth sendforþ ᛫ a celebration or event to mark a person's departure ᛫ a send-off ᛫ N send-forth NE Nigerian English
sengreen ᛫ the houseleek ᛫ N ~ NE
sennight sennigt ᛫ a week ᛫ N ~ NE from "seven nights" in Old English
senshalk senscalk ᛫ seneschal ᛫ N sen+shalk ME+ME
senth senþ ᛫ a synod ᛫ N seonoþ OE‹I
senthly senþly ᛫ synodal ᛫ AJ seonoþlīc OE‹I
Serbish Serbisc ᛫ Serbian ᛫ AJ Serb+ish NE×2
sere ᛫ different ᛫ various ᛫ diverse ᛫ several ᛫ multiple ᛫ AJ sẹ̄r ME‹N
sere ᛫ dry ᛫ withered ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Sering ᛫ a Chinese person ? ᛫ N(P) Seringum OE‹I‹H of note: Σῆρες; Serica
sess ᛫ a seat ᛫ N ses/sæs/sesse OE kin: sess (Icelandic)
sester ᛫ a vessel for holding liquid ᛫ a pitcher ᛫ a liquid measure ᛫ N sester[sextarius] ME‹OE‹I
set ᛫ a group ᛬ to place ᛫ to be located ᛫ to install ᛫ to appoint ᛫ N᛬V ~{isetten} NE
setback ᛫ a regression ᛫ N ~ NE
setdeal ᛫ a set piece ᛫ N set+deal NE×2
setness ᛫ constitution ᛫ a statute ᛫ an ordinance ᛫ N setnes ME
setting ᛫ a scenario ᛫ AJ ~ NE
settingtoken ᛫ an accidental ( in music ) ᛫ N setting+token NE×2 calque: Versetzungszeichen
settle settel ᛫ to solve ᛫ to come to rest ᛫ to colonize ᛫ to end a dispute or question ᛫ to resolve ᛫ V ~ NE
settler setteller ᛫ a colonist ᛫ N ~ NE
settling ᛫ a settlement ᛫ settlement ᛫ a colony ᛫ N ~ NE
settlings ᛫ sediment ᛫ dregs ᛫ N ~ NE
Sevan Mere Sefan ᛫ Sevan Lake ᛫ N(P) Sevan+mere NE‹O+NE
Seven Sisters Sefen ᛫ the Pleiades ᛫ N ~ NE
Sevenboroughs Sefenborougs ᛫ Transylvania ᛫ N seven+bury NE calque: Zevenburgen; Siebenbürgen
sevenfold sefenfold ᛫ septuple ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
sevenleaf sefenleaf ᛫ a septfoil ᛫ N seofonlēafe OE
sevensome sefensum ᛫ a septet ᛫ a heptad ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
seventh sefenþ ᛫ a septime ᛫ a heptachord ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
sevenwield sefenƿeeld ᛫ a heptarchy ᛫ the seven states of Anglo-Saxon Britain ᛫ N seven+wield NE+NE
sew seƿ ᛫ juice ᛫ broth ᛫ sauce [ᚹ] ᛫ N sewe&sēaw ME&OE
shab scab ᛫ a scab ᛫ scabies ᛫ mange ᛫ N shab ME
shade scade ᛫ a ghost ᛫ a spectre ᛫ a phantom ᛫ rephaite ᛫ N ~ NE
shaft scaft ᛫ ( element suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX shaft[gesceaft] ME
shaft scaft ᛫ a creation ᛫ a creature ᛫ an element ᛫ a substance ᛫ N shaft/ishaft&gesceaft ME&OE
shaftlore scaftlore ᛫ chemistry ( the study , not the mechanics) ᛫ N shaft+lore ME+NE
shaftmote scaftmote ᛫ an element particle ( an atom ) ᛫ N shaft+mote ME+NE
shag scag ᛫ A Phalacrocoracidae bird ᛫ a shag ᛫ a cormorant [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE of sketchy origin, possibly German or Norse
shake scake ᛫ to quiver ᛫ to vibrate ᛫ to convulse ᛫ V ~ NE
shaky scaky ᛫ trembling ᛫ unstable ᛫ precarious ᛫ unreliable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shale scale ᛫ a nutshell ᛫ a pod ᛫ a husk ᛫ a dish ᛫ a platter ᛫ a scale ( like of a fish ) ᛫ a weighing scale ᛫ N shale&shale&scealu NE&ME&OE
shalk scalk ᛫ an adult male human ᛫ a person ? ᛫ N shalk[scealc] ME
shallen scallen ᛫ testicles ᛫ N sceallan OE plural only
shallow scalloƿ ᛫ superficial ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sham scam ᛫ a fabrication ᛫ a counterfeit ᛬ fabricated ᛫ counterfeit ᛫ N᛬AJ ~[shame?] NE
shamble scambel ᛫ a stool ᛫ a bench ( esp for meat ) ᛫ a vendor's stall ( esp for meat ) ᛫ a kiosk [ᚹ] ᛫ a booth [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~[shā̆mel][sceamol] NE‹‹OE‹I in shambles = in great disorder ᛫ shambles = a meat market
shamefast scamefast ᛫ bashful ᛫ modest ᛫ shy ᛫ shamefaced ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shand scand ᛫ a shame ᛫ a disgrace ᛫ infamy ᛫ ignominy ᛫ a scandal ᛬ to disgrace ᛫ to be disgraced ᛫ N shand&shonden&scand NE&ME&OE
shandly scandly ᛫ disgraceful ᛫ infamous ᛫ shameful ᛫ scandalous ᛫ AJ shandly&scandlīc NE&OE
shank scank ᛫ a leg ᛫ N shank[scanca] NE
shape scape ᛫ a form ᛫ a condition which something is in ᛬ to form ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
shapeless scapeless ᛫ amorphous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shapelore scapelore ᛫ geometry ᛫ N shape+lore NE
shapely scapely ᛫ attractive in shape ᛫ well-shaped ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shaper scaper ᛫ a creator ᛫ N shaper&shāper NE&ME
shapeshift scapescift ᛫ to transform ᛫ to transmute ᛫ to metamorphose ᛫ to metamorphosize ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
shapeshifting scapescifting ᛫ transformation ᛫ transmutation ᛫ metamorphosis ᛬ metamorphic ᛫ protean ᛫ N᛬AJ shape-shifting NE [OED]
shapewhile scapehƿile ᛫ a destined time ᛫ N gescæphwīl OE
share scare ᛫ a groin ᛫ a pubic region ᛫ N shār[scearu/scaru] ME
sharebone scarebone ᛫ a pubis ᛫ N ~ NE
shareholder scareholder ᛫ one who owns shares in a corporation ᛫ N ~ NE
sharn scarn ᛫ dung ᛫ manure ᛫ N sharn[scearn] ME
sharp scarp ᛫ trenchant ᛫ acute ᛫ quick-witted ᛫ pungent ᛫ a semitone higher than the natural note ( music ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sharper scarper ᛫ a swindler ( esp in card games ) ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
sharpshooter scarpscooter ᛫ a sniper ᛫ N ~ NE calque: Scharfschütze
shat scat ᛫ a coin ᛫ money ᛫ currency ᛫ N shat/schat&sceatt ME&OE
shathe scaþe ᛫ a malefactor ᛫ harm ᛫ injury ᛬ to injure ᛫ to harm ᛫ to scathe ᛫ V shāthe&shāthien[sceaþian] ME&ME see: scathe
shave scafe ᛫ a sharp tool used for cutting or scraping ᛫ N shāve[sceafa/scafa] ME
shaw scaƿ ᛫ a grove ᛫ a copse ᛫ a thicket ᛫ N shaw&shau[sceaga] NE&ME
shawwort scaƿƿurt ᛫ a Fumaria officinalis plant ( common fumitory ) ᛫ N scahwwort ME
she sce ᛫ a female ᛫ N ~ NE in compounds: ( denotes a link to femaleness or femininity , mostly in regards to animals and objects )
sheaf sceaf ᛫ a bundle of objects of one kind ( esp paper ) ᛬ to bundle into sheaves ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
shear scear ᛫ to pare ᛫ to prune ᛫ V ~ NE PST: shore ᛫ PTCP: shorn
shears scears ᛫ scissors ᛫ N ~ NE
shearsax scearsax ᛫ a razor ᛫ N scearseax OE
shearwater scearƿater ᛫ a Procellariidae bird ᛫ N ~ NE
sheath sceaþ ᛫ a scabbard ᛫ N ~ NE
sheathe sceaþ ᛫ to put a weapon back into its sheath ᛫ to encase something in protective covering ᛫ V ~ NE
shed sced ᛫ a distinction ᛫ a difference a dividing line ᛫ a division ᛫ a parting in head hair ᛬ to divide ᛫ to separate ᛫ to differentiate ᛫ to distinguish ᛫ N᛬V shed&shēd&ishēden[sceada] NE&ME&ME
sheddy sceddy ᛫ distinctive ᛫ AJ shēd+y ME+NE
Shedland Scedland ᛫ Scania ᛫ Scandinavia [ᚹ] ᛫ N Scedeland OE
shedlore scedlore ᛫ chemistry ᛫ N shēd+lore ME+NE calque: scheikunde ᛫ based on purism invented by Simon Stevin
shedmaking scedmaking ᛫ differentiation ᛫ discrimination ᛫ N shēd+make+ing ME+NE×2 calque: onderscheid maken ᛫ inspired by: lovemaking
shedwise scedƿise ᛫ discerning ᛫ AJ gescēadwīs OE
shedwiseness scedƿiseness ᛫ discretion ᛫ N scādwīsnesse[gescēadwīsnes] ME
shee scee ᛫ to happen ᛫ to occur ᛫ V sēn&scēon ME&OE
shee scee ᛫ to quickly fly or run off ᛫ to die ( poetic ) ᛫ V scēon OE
sheen sceen ᛫ to fragment ᛫ to crack open an oyster ᛫ V shēnen[scǣnan] ME
sheen sceen ᛫ an attractive gleam ᛬ to shine ᛫ to gleam ᛬ beautiful ᛫ attractive ᛫ radiant ᛫ shiny ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~[scīene] NE
sheepflesh sceepflesc ᛫ mutton ᛫ N ~ NE
sheepish sceepisc ᛫ meek ᛫ timid ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
sheeply sceeply ᛫ ovine ᛫ AJ scēaplic OE
sheer sceer ᛫ pure ᛫ unadulterated ᛫ pristine ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Sheer Thursday Sceer Þursday ᛫ Maundy Thursday ᛫ N(P) Sheer Thursday NE or: Sheer Thunderday
sheerly sceerly ᛫ purely ᛫ AV ~ NE
sheerness sceerness ᛫ purity ᛫ N sheer+ness NE×2
sheet sceet ᛫ a broad thin piece of material ᛫ N ~{scēat} NE
shelchen scelcen ᛫ a maidservant ᛫ a handmaid ᛫ N shelchene[scilcen] ME
sheld sceld ᛫ variegated ᛫ AJ sheld ME
sheldgoose sceldgoos ᛫ a Centrornis bird ᛫ a Chloephaga bird ᛫ N ~ NE
shelduck scelduck ᛫ any Tadorna bird ᛫ N ~ NE
shellhouse scellhuse ᛫ a grotto ( room ) ᛫ N ~ NE
shellpad scellpad ᛫ a turtle ᛫ a tortoise ᛫ N ~ NE
shelve scelf ᛫ to put something on a shelf ᛫ to put a project on hold indefinitely ᛫ to postpone indefinitely ᛫ V ~ NE
shench scenc ᛫ a drink ᛫ a draught ᛫ a cup ᛬ Aquarius ᛬ to pour ᛫ to serve a drink ᛫ N᛬N(P)᛬V shenche&shenchen[scenc] ME&ME
shend scend ᛫ to shame ᛫ to dishonour ᛫ to disgrace ᛫ to bring to ruin ᛫ to vanquish ᛫ to corrupt ᛫ V shend&shenden[scendan] NE&ME PST: shent ᛫ PTCP: shent
shepherd scepherd ᛫ a sheep herder ᛫ a pastor ᛬ to tend sheep ᛫ to give guidance ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
shepherd leeth scepherd leeþ ᛫ an eclogue ( a poem about life as a shepherd free from the complexity and corruption of city life ) ᛫ N shepherd+lēth NE+ME
shepherdly scepherdly ᛫ pastoral ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sheriff sceriff ᛫ an official of a shire ᛫ an elected officer responsible for keeping peace in a county ᛫ N ~ NE
sheriffdom sceriffdom ᛫ the office and domain of a sheriff ᛫ a shrievalty ᛫ N ~ NE
shewl sceƿl ᛫ a scarecrow ᛫ N sheueles ME
shide scide ᛫ a piece of hewn timber ᛫ a plank ᛫ a small fragment of wood ᛫ a splinter ᛫ a chip ᛫ N shīd ME
shidewall scideƿall ᛫ a palisade ᛫ a stockade ᛫ N scid wal ME
shield sceeld ᛫ a protection ᛫ a defence ᛬ to protect ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
shieldend sceeldend ᛫ a protector ᛫ a guardian ᛫ a defender ᛫ N scildend OE
shieldock sceeldock ᛫ a small shield ᛫ a buckler ᛫ N shield+ock NE×2
shieldtrum sceeldtrum ᛫ a compact body of troops forming a battle array shield wall or phalanx ᛫ N schiltron NE literally: shield troop
shifty scifty ᛫ evasive ( in a dishonest way ) ᛫ dishonest ᛫ unreliable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shild scild ᛫ debt ᛫ fault ᛫ N shild ME
shildy scildy ᛫ guilty ᛫ at fault ᛫ in debt ᛫ AJ shildī ME
shill scill ᛫ to sound loudly ᛫ to resound ᛬ loud ᛫ resounding ᛫ shrill ᛫ audible ᛫ melodious ᛫ V shillen[scillan]&shil[scill] ME&ME
shilling scilling ᛫ the standard unit in a system of currency ( a pound , a dollar , a solidus , a shekel , etc ) [ᚹ] N shilling&scilling NE&OE SEE NOTE
shillyshally scillyscally ᛫ to fail to act resolutely or decisively ᛫ V shillyshally NE [LEX]
shinbone scinbone ᛫ a tibia ᛫ N ~ NE
shinbour scinbor ᛫ a greave ᛫ N shin+beorg{healsbeorg} NE+OE
shinecraft scinecraft ᛫ the art of show magic ? ᛫ N scīncræft OE
shinecrafter scinecrafter ᛫ a show magician ? ᛫ N scīncræftiga OE
shinedwale scinedƿale ᛫ a delusion or illusion made by magic ᛫ N scīngedwola OE
shinelock scinelock ᛫ magic ᛫ sorcery ᛫ fantasy ᛫ delusion superstition ᛫ a spectre ᛫ a phantom ᛫ an apparition ᛫ N scīnlāc OE
shinelocker scinelocker ᛫ a magician ᛫ a sorcerer ᛫ a mage ᛫ N scīnlǣca OE
shinely scinely ᛫ phantasmal ᛫ spectral ᛫ AJ scīnlīc OE
ship scip ᛫ a condition ᛫ a position ( such as clerk ) ᛫ a stipend ᛫ N shipe[scipe] ME
shipbone scipbone ᛫ a scaphoid bone ᛫ N ship+bone NE×2 calque: os scaphoidum
shipbreach scipbreac ᛫ a shipwreck ᛫ N shipbreche ME
shipferd scipferd ᛫ a naval force ᛫ N scipfird OE
shipheer scipheer ᛫ a navy ᛫ N sciphere OE
shiplord sciplord ᛫ a captain of a ship ᛫ N sciphlāford OE
shiply sciply ᛫ naval ᛫ AJ sciplīc OE
shipman scipman ᛫ a sailor ᛫ a seaman ᛫ N shipman ME
shipper scipper ᛫ a sailor ᛫ a mariner ᛫ N ~ NE
shippon scippon ᛫ a cattle shed ᛫ N ~[scypen] NE [LEX]
shipshape scipscape ᛫ in good order ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shipwright scipƿrigt ᛫ a builder of ships ᛫ N ~ NE
shire scire ᛫ a county ᛫ a prefecture ᛫ a region ᛫ a district ( of a country ) ᛫ a province ᛫ N shire&shīre[scir] NE&ME
shire scire ᛫ bright ᛫ sparkly ᛫ shiny ᛫ clear ᛫ pure ᛫ unadulterated ᛫ unmitigated ᛫ free from blemishes ᛫ AJ shīr[scīr/scȳr] ME
shit scit ᛫ excrement ᛫ faeces ᛫ poop ᛫ crap ᛬ to excrete ᛫ to defecate ᛫ to poop ᛫ to crap ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE or: shite
Shith Sciþ ᛫ a Scythian ᛫ an Ossetian ᛫ N(P) Sciþþeas OE
Shithish Sciþisc ᛫ Scythian language ( Ossetian language by extention ) ᛬ Scythian ( Ossetian by extention ) ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Sciþþisc OE
shive scife ᛫ a slice ᛫ a disk [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE kin: schijf
shivel scifel ᛫ a woman's headscarf ᛫ N scyfel OE
shiver scifer ᛫ to tremble ( esp from cold ) ᛫ V ~ NE
shoal scoal ᛫ an area of shallow water ᛬ shallow ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
shoal scoal ᛫ a sandbar ᛫ a large group ᛬ to shallow ᛫ to school (as in fish) ᛬ shallow ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~[scolu] NE kin: school
shock scock ᛫ a jolt ᛬ to jolt ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹I‹?
shoe-leather scoe-leaþer ᛫ old-fashioned ᛫ old-school [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ NE ~ [MW]
shoemaker scoemaker ᛫ a cobbler ᛫ N ~ NE
shoestring scoestring ᛫ a shoelace ᛫ N ~ NE
shogundom scogundom ᛫ a shogunate ᛫ N shogun+dom{shogunate} O+NE
Shooter Scooter ᛫ Sagittarius ᛫ N(P) shēter[scytta] ME
shootingstar scootingstar ᛫ a meteor ᛫ N shooting star NE
shootout scootute ᛫ a gun fight ᛫ an exchange of gunfire ᛫ N shoot-out NE [OED]
shop scop ᛫ a poet ᛫ N scop ME
shopmark scopmark ᛫ a trademark ᛫ N shop mark NE [OED]
shoppy scoppy ᛫ poetic ᛫ figurative [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ scoplic OE
shopsteward scopsteƿard ᛫ a union representative ᛫ N shop steward NE [LEX]
shore score ᛫ coast ᛫ N ~ NE
shorelark scorelark ᛫ the Eremophila alpestris bird ᛫ N ~ NE or: hornedlark
short scort ᛫ brief ᛫ AJ ~ NE
short stop scort stop ᛫ comma ᛫ N short+stop NE×2 by analogy with: full stop
shortcoming scortcumming ᛫ a failing ᛫ a deficiency ( a flaw not a lack ) ᛫ a defect ᛫ N ~ NE
shorthand scorþand ᛫ stenography ᛬ compendious ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
shorthander scorþander ᛫ a stenographer ᛫ N ~ NE see: OED ᛫ also: shorthandman
shortlong scortlong ᛫ an iamb ᛬ iambic ᛫ N᛬AJ short-long ANE [OED]
shortsweetening scortsƿeetening ᛫ sugar ᛫ N ~ NE South & Midland US
shot scot ᛫ a tax ᛫ N shot[scot] ME
shotfree scotfree ᛫ free of tax ᛫ AJ scotfree NE
shotgun scotgun ᛫ a smooth-bore close-range gun ᛫ N ~ NE
shoulderblade scoulderblade ᛫ a scapula ᛫ N ~ NE or: shoulderbone, bladebone
shove scuf ᛫ a push ᛬ to push ᛫ to impel ᛫ to propel ᛫ V ~[shǒuven][scūfan] NE
show up scoƿ ᛫ to appear ( often when not expected or when in doubt ) ᛫ V ~ NE
shower scoƿer ᛫ one who shows ᛫ a revealer ᛫ a guide ᛫ mirror ᛫ N sheuer[scēawere] ME rhyme: blower
showglass scoƿglass ᛫ a display case ᛫ a display cabinet ᛫ a showcase ᛫ N ~ NE
showman scoƿman ᛫ a performer ᛫ N ~ NE
showmanship scoƿmanscip ᛫ skill of performing ᛫ N ~ NE
shraff scraff ᛫ a cave ᛫ a cavern ᛫ a den ᛫ N shraf&scræf ME&OE plural: shraves (by analogy with "staves"); shraffs
shrafflifelore scrafflifelore ᛫ biospeleology ᛫ N shraff+life+lore ME+NE+NE
shrafflore scrafflore ᛫ speleology ᛫ N shraff+lore ME+NE
shrape scrape ᛫ to scrape ᛫ V shrāpen[scrapian] ME "scrape" might be Norse
shred scred ᛫ a scrap ᛫ a twig ᛬ to tatter ᛫ to lacerate ᛫ to rive ᛫ N shrad[scrēade] ME
shree scree ᛫ to cry out ᛫ to shriek ᛫ V scrēon OE
shreemark screemark ᛫ an exclamation point ( ! ) ᛫ N shriek-mark NE
shrench screnc ᛫ to make shrivel ᛫ to make shrink ᛫ V shrenchen[gescrencan] ME causative of "shrink"
shrench screnc ᛫ to deceive ᛫ to ensnare ᛫ V shrenchen[screncan] ME
shrew screƿ ᛫ a Soricidae mammal ᛫ N ~ NE
shrewd screƿd ᛫ astute ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shrewish screƿisc ᛫ ( of a woman ) bad-tempered or aggressively assertive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shride scride ᛫ to clothe ᛫ to dress ᛫ V shrīden ME or: shridefinn?; shrithefinn?; shrithfinn?
Shridfinn Scridfinn ᛫ a Laplander ᛫ a Sami person ᛫ a Lapp ᛫ N(P) Scridefinnas OE
shrift scrift ᛫ confession ( esp to a priest ) ᛫ absolution by a priest ᛫ N ~ NE‹Þ‹I
shriftfather scriftfaþer ᛫ a confessor ᛫ a priest who hears confessions ᛫ N ~ NE
shrike scrike ᛫ a Laniidae bird ᛫ a shriek ᛫ N ~{scriccettan} NE
shrink scrink ᛫ a psychiatrist ᛫ a therapist ᛫ N ~ NE
shrithe scriþe ᛫ to move ( oneself ) ᛫ V scrīþan OE borrowed into New English by Kevin Crossley-Holland
shrive scrife ᛫ to hear or give a confession ᛫ V ~ NE‹I PT: shrove ᛫ PTCP: shriven
shroud scrude ᛫ a cover ( esp clothing ) ᛬ to cover ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
Shrovetide Scrofetide ᛫ the three days before Lent ᛫ N(P) Shrovetide NE or: Forelent?
shrubland scrubland ᛫ a brushland ᛫ a stretch of shrub-filled land ᛫ N ~ NE
shrutten scrutten ᛫ to scrutinize ᛫ V scrutnian/scrudnian OE
shruttening scruttening ᛫ a scrutinizing ᛫ an investigation ᛫ an examination ᛫ N scrutnung OE
shuck scuck ᛫ a demon ᛫ a devil ᛫ Satan ᛫ N shucke[scucca] ME
shun scun ᛫ to avoid ᛫ to evade ᛫ to eschew ᛫ to reject ᛫ V ~[shǒnen][scunian] NE
shunworthy scunƿorþy ᛫ reproachable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
shurt scurt ᛫ to amuse oneself ᛫ to enjoy oneself ᛫ V shurten[scyrtan?] ME
shuttle scittel ᛫ a bar or a bolt ᛫ a form of transport that travels regularly between two places ᛫ a bus ᛫ N shuttle&shittel NE&ME
shuttle scuttel ᛫ a shutting mechanism such as a bolt or a bar ᛫ N scyttels OE
shy scy ᛫ to urge ᛫ to prompt ᛫ V scȳan OE
shy scy ᛫ to take a sudden fright or aversion ᛫ to recoil ᛫ to boggle ᛫ to avoid ᛬ timid ᛫ bashful ᛫ V᛬AJ ~ NE [OED]
sib ᛫ friendliness between states or rulers ᛫ familial relationship ᛫ family ᛫ a relative ᛫ relatives ᛬ related by blood or marriage ᛫ N᛬ADJ sib&sibbe NE&ME
siblair ᛫ incest ᛫ N sibleger OE
sibred ᛫ relationship ( including by marriage ) ᛫ consanguinity ᛫ N sibrede ME
sibsome sibsum ᛫ peaceable ᛫ pacific ᛫ AJ isibsom ME
sibword sibƿord ᛫ a cognate ᛫ N sib+word OE+NE
sick ᛫ ill ᛫ unwell ᛫ morbid distasteful ᛫ AJ ~ NE "ill" is from Norse
sick headache headake ᛫ migraine ᛫ megrim ᛫ hemicrania ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
sicken ᛫ to become or make sick or disgusted ᛫ V ~ NE
sickening ᛫ disgusting ᛫ revolting ᛫ repulsive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sicker ᛫ to assure ᛫ to ensure ᛫ to confirm ᛬ dependable ᛫ safe ᛫ secure ᛫ stable ᛫ genuine ᛫ reliable ᛫ certain ᛫ V᛬AJ sikeren&sicker[sicor] ME‹OE‹I
sickerhood ᛫ security ᛫ N sikerhēde ME
sickerly ᛫ surely ᛫ certainly ᛫ indeed ᛫ ADV sikerlī ME‹(I+E)
sickerness ᛫ certainty ᛫ assurance ᛫ security ᛫ N sikernes ME
sickhouse sickhuse ᛫ hospital ᛫ N ~ NE
Sickilish Sickilisc ᛫ Sicilian ᛫ AJ Sicilisc OE
sickly ᛫ often ill ᛫ indicative of poor health ᛫ nauseating ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sickness ᛫ illness ailment disease ᛫ N ~ NE
sickwain sickƿain ᛫ an ambulance ᛫ N sick+wain NE×2 calque: ziekenwagen
sid ᛫ good conduct ᛫ moral behaviour ᛫ modesty ᛫ morality ᛫ a custom ᛫ a manner ᛫ a practice ᛫ a habit ᛫ N sidu[sido] OE
sidden ᛫ magical soothsaying ? ᛫ seiðr ? ᛫ necromancy ? ᛫ N ælfsidene/ælfsidenne OE see: sidesa
sideheadbone ᛫ a parietal bone ᛫ N ~[sidebone] NE
sidekir ᛫ an alternative ᛫ N side+kire NE+ME
sidekirry ᛫ alternative ᛫ AJ side+kire+y NE+ME+NE
sidelings ᛫ sideways ᛫ alongside ᛫ furtively ᛫ AV ~ NE
sidestand ᛫ to parallel ᛫ V side+stand NE×2
sidestander ᛫ a parallel ᛫ N side+stand+er NE×3
sidestep ᛫ to bypass ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
sidewain sideƿain ᛫ a sidecar ᛫ N side+wain NE×2 calque: Seitenwagen
sidewalk sideƿalk ᛫ pavement ᛫ N ~ NE
sieve sif ᛫ to sift ᛫ to strain ᛫ to temse ᛫ V ~[sife] NE rhyme: give
sieve out ute ᛫ to remove unwanted items ᛫ V ~ NE
sievebone bone ᛫ an ethmoid bone ᛫ N ~ NE
sift ᛫ to examine thoroughly so as to isolate that which is important or sought after ᛫ V ~ NE
sight sigt ᛫ view ᛬ to observe ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
sighter sigter ᛫ a watery ditch ? ᛫ N seohtre OE
sightfield sigtfeeld ᛫ a field of vision ᛫ a field of view ᛫ N sight+field NE×2
sightlore sigtlore ᛫ optometry ᛫ N sight+lore NE×2
sightly sigtly ᛫ pleasing to the eye ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sightseeing sigtseeing ᛫ tourism ᛫ N ~ NE
sightsman sigtsman ᛫ a tour guide ᛫ a tourist guide ᛫ a local guide ᛫ a cicerone ᛫ N sights-man ANE [OED]
sike ᛫ a small stream or rill ( typically one that flows through marshy ground and is often dry in summer ) ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
sike ᛫ to sigh ᛫ V sīken[sīcan] ME
sile ᛫ a cruck ᛫ a curved support beam meant to meet up with a twin ᛫ N sīle[sȳl] ME
Sile ᛫ the Sun ᛫ Sol ᛫ N(P) sigel OE
Sile ᛫ ᛋ ᛫ N(P) sigel OE
Siler ᛫ a sub-Saharan African ᛫ a Nubian ᛫ an Ethiopian ᛫ a Cushite ᛫ N(P) sigelwara OE
Silerland ᛫ sub-Saharan Africa ᛫ Nubia ᛫ Ethiopia ᛫ Cush ᛫ N(P) sigelwara+land OE+NE
silewharve silehƿarf ᛫ a heliotrope flower ᛫ N sigelhweorfa OE
sill ᛫ a foundation beam ᛫ a slab at the foot of an opening ᛫ N sill&syll NE&OE found in: windowsill
sillen ᛫ a gift ᛫ a donation ᛫ N silen&selen/sylen ME&OE
silverking silferking ᛫ a Megalops fish ( a tarpon ) ᛫ N ~ NE
silvern silfern ᛫ made of silver ᛫ AJ ~ NE
silverside silferside ᛫ an Atheriniformes fish ᛫ N ~ NE
silverthaw silferþaƿ ᛫ verglas ᛫ glaze ice ᛫ N ~ NE
silverware silferƿare ᛫ dishes containers or cutlery made of or coated with silver ᛫ eating and serving utensils made of any material ᛫ cutlery ᛫ N ~ NE
simble simbel ᛫ continually ᛫ continuously ᛫ AV simble[simbel] ME
simble simbel ᛫ a feast ᛫ a banquet ᛫ a festival ᛫ a symposium ᛫ a party [ᚹ] ᛬ to feast ᛫ N᛬V symbel&symblan OE&OE kin: symposium (Greek)?
simbleday simbelday ᛫ a feast day ᛫ a festival day ᛫ N symbeldæg OE
simblely simbely ᛫ festive ᛫ AJ symbellīc OE
simbleness simbelness ᛫ festivity ᛫ N symbelness OE
simbletide simbeltide ᛫ a festival period ᛫ N symbeltīd OE
sinagog ᛫ a synagogue ᛫ N sinagō̆g[sinagoga] ME
sinboot ᛫ amends for sin ᛫ penance ᛫ N synbōt OE
since sins ᛫ because ᛫ C ~ NE
sind ᛫ are ( plural only ) ᛫ V sind[sind] ME ARCHAIC & NOT RECOMMENDED
Sine ᛫ Seine ( river in France ) ᛫ N(P) Sigen OE from the Anglo Saxon Chronicle
sine ᛫ his ᛫ her ᛫ its ᛫ their ᛫ N(PRO) sīn OE optional pronoun
sinew sineƿ ᛫ a tendon ᛫ a nerve ᛫ N ~ NE
sinewy sineƿy ᛫ strong ᛫ muscular ᛫ AJ ~ NE
singale ᛫ continuous ᛫ continual ᛫ AJ singāle&singal ME&OE "sin-gale" not "sing-ale"
singaleness ᛫ perseverance ᛫ constancy ᛫ N singalness OE
singe sincg ᛫ to slightly burn ᛫ V ~ NE
singsong ᛫ a simple and melodic verse ᛫ bad poetry or music ᛬ to make bad music or poetry ᛬ simple and melodic ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~ NE
sink ᛫ treasure ( like gold and jewels ) ᛫ N sinc OE
sinkgiver sinkgifer ᛫ treasure-giver ( a lord who rewards his thanes ) ᛫ N sincgiefa OE de-Norsed: sinkyeaver/sinkgeefer
sinkroom ᛫ a scullery ᛫ a back kitchen ᛫ N sink-room NE or: dishroom; washroom
sinkstone ᛫ a jewel ᛫ N sincstān OE
sinkvat sinkfatt ᛫ a receptacle for treasure a casket ᛫ N sincfæt OE
sint ᛫ soundness ᛫ N gesynto OE kin: sound
sinwelt sinƿelt ᛫ round ᛫ circular ᛫ cylindrical ᛫ AJ sinewealt&seonuwealt ME&OE literally: ever-rolled?
sir ᛫ to plan ᛫ to plot ᛫ to devise ᛫ to machinate ᛫ V sirwen&sirwan ME&OE kin: searu
siring ᛫ buttermilk ᛫ N sȳring OE
sister ᛫ a female member of a religious order ᛫ N ~ NE
sisterhood ᛫ a sorority ᛫ N ~ NE
sisterly ᛫ sororal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sitch sic ᛫ a stream ᛫ a ditch ᛫ the side of a field ᛫ N sī̆ch[sīc] ME or: sike (northern variant)
sitfast ᛫ firmly stationary ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sithe siþe ᛫ a journey ᛫ one's journey through life ᛫ an occasion ᛫ a point in time ᛬ to journey ᛫ to travel ᛫ N᛬V sīth ME
sithe siþe ᛫ after ᛫ P&C sīþ OE
sithe siþe ᛫ a fellow ᛫ a companion ᛫ N gesīþa OE
sithefat siþefat ᛫ a passage ᛫ a journey ᛫ a road ᛫ a path ᛫ a course ᛫ N siþfæt OE
sithen siþen ᛫ since then ᛫ after that ᛫ after then ᛫ C ~ NE or: sithens; sith ᛫ "since" is a short version of this word
sithes siþes ᛫ multiplied by ᛫ P sīthes ME kin: sīth
sitheship siþescip ᛫ a society ᛫ a fellowship ᛫ fellowship ᛫ companionship ᛫ N gesīþscipe OE
sittingroom ᛫ a parlour ᛫ a lounge ᛫ N sitting-room NE
sivestone sifestone ᛫ tufa ᛫ N seive-stone ANE rhyme: give stone
sixfold ᛫ sextuple ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
sixsome sixsum ᛫ a sextet ᛫ a hexad ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
sixth sixþ ᛫ a sext ( music ) ᛫ a hexachord ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
skeel ᛫ a vessel such as a bucket , a tub , or a vat used to hold liquid ᛫ N skẹ̄le ME‹N kin: skjōla
skent ᛫ to entertain ᛫ to amuse ᛫ V skenten ME‹N kin: skemmta (N)
skep ᛫ a hive ( especially one made of straw ) ᛫ a basket of wickerwork or straw ᛫ N ~ NE‹ME‹N
skill ᛫ to distinguish ᛫ V skillen ME‹N
skimp ᛫ to economize ᛫ to be stingy ᛫ to be sparing of ᛫ V ~ NE
skindeep ᛫ superficial ᛫ AJ skindeep NE‹(N+E) or: hidedeep (skin is Norse)
skinflint ᛫ a miser ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
skinship skinscip ᛫ bonding through physical contact ᛫ N skin+ship NE‹N+NE calque: スキンシップ
skool ᛫ a school ( in all senses ) ᛫ N scọ̄le[scōl] ME
skoolman skoolman ᛫ a professor ᛫ N [scolmann] NE
skyline ᛫ the horizon ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
slack ᛫ loose ᛫ sluggish ᛫ lazy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
slacken ᛫ to make or become slack ᛫ to loosen ᛫ V ~ NE
slade ᛫ a dingle ( a small wooded valley ) ᛫ a small valley ᛫ N ~[slā̆de][slæd/sled] NE
slail ᛫ a pick ( plectrum ) ᛫ N slegel OE
slake ᛫ to slacken ᛫ to become less energetic ᛫ to weaken ᛫ to decrease ᛫ to become extinct ᛫ to quench ᛫ to cool with liquid ᛫ V ~ NE
slaked lime ᛫ calcium hydroxide ᛫ hydrated lime ᛫ N ~ NE
slang ᛫ jargon ᛫ N ~ NE
slaught slaugt ᛫ a slaughter ᛫ N slaught ME kin: slay ᛫ Slaughter is Norse
slaughthouse slaugþouse ᛫ slaughterhouse ᛫ N slaught+house NE×2
slay ᛫ to kill ᛫ V ~ NE
slayer ᛫ a killer ᛫ N ~ NE
sleat ᛫ to drive game ᛫ to chase down ᛫ V slēten[slǣtan] ME
sleave sleaf ᛫ to separate threads ᛫ to divide ᛫ V sleave[slǣfan] NE [MW]
sledge slecg ᛫ a toboggan ᛫ a sleigh ᛫ N ~ NE
sleepern ᛫ a dorter ᛫ a dormitory ᛫ N slǣpærn OE
sleeplessness ᛫ insomnia ᛫ N ~ NE
sleepwalk sleepƿalk ᛫ to somnambulate ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
sleepwalker sleepƿalker ᛫ a somnambulist ᛫ a somnambulator ᛫ a somnambule ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
sleepwalking sleepƿalking ᛫ somnambulation ᛫ somnambulency ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
sleepwear sleepƿear ᛫ pajamas ᛫ pyjamas ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
sleepwort sleepƿurt ᛫ lettuce ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
sleepy ᛫ soporific ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sleevefish sleeffisc ᛫ a squid ᛫ N sleeve-fish NE or: seasleeve
sleight sleigt ᛫ dexterity or cunning ( esp for deception ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹N rhyme: bright
sleight of hand sleigt ᛫ legerdemain ᛫ N ~ NE
sletch slec ᛫ to ease ᛫ to relieve ᛫ to relax ᛫ V slechen[gesleccan] ME
slew sleƿ ᛫ a Mugilidae fish ( a mullet ) ᛫ N slīw OE
slick ᛫ a film of oil ᛬ smooth wet and slippery ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
slicked ᛫ lubricated ᛫ oiled ᛫ AJ ~ NE
slidder ᛫ slippery ᛫ uncertain ᛫ duplicitous ᛫ treacherous ᛫ AJ slider ME
slike ᛫ to smoothen ᛫ to polish ᛫ to flatter ᛫ V slīke[slīcian] ME
slipup ᛫ to err ᛫ to make a mistake ᛫ V ~ NE
slite ᛫ deterioration ᛫ N ~[slītan] NE
slithe sliþe ᛫ dire ᛫ dangerous perilous ᛫ AJ slīþe OE
slithers sliþers ᛫ scree ᛫ N sclithers NE [OED] ᛫ "scree" is Norse?
slive slife ᛫ to cut a sliver off something ᛫ to cut ᛫ to slice ᛫ V ~ NE rhyme: dive
sliver slifer ᛫ a small slice ᛫ a small fraction of something ᛫ N ~ NE
sloom ᛫ gentle sleep ᛫ N ~ NE
sloppy ᛫ messy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
slot ᛫ a musical clef [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE‹NL/LG calque: Schlüssel; sleutel
sloth sloþ ᛫ laziness ᛫ N ~ NE
slothful sloþful ᛫ lazy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
slouch sluce ᛫ a lubber ᛫ a lout ᛫ a slacker ᛬ to walk in a stooping way ᛫ to pull one's hat or hood into one's face to conceal it ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
slough sluge ᛫ a swamp ᛫ a mire ᛫ N [slōh] NE rhyme: plough
slough sluge ᛫ discarded skin ᛬ to shed skin ᛫ to shed ᛫ to discard ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE rhyme: tough
slowheart sloƿheart ᛫ bradycardia ᛫ N slow+heart NE×2 calque: bradycardia
slur ᛫ an insult ᛬ to insult ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
smack ᛫ heroin ᛫ N ~[schmeck] NE‹HG
smack ᛫ a taste ᛬ to taste ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹NL? see: smatch ᛫ [LEX]
smack of ᛫ to taste of ᛫ to come across as ᛫ V ~ NE‹NL?
smackbound smackbund ᛫ bound to taste or opinion ᛫ subjective ᛫ AJ smack+bound NE
small ᛫ miniature ᛫ diminutive ᛫ petite ᛫ unimportant ᛫ AJ ~ NE
smallminded ᛫ petty ᛫ having narrow interests sympathies or outlook ᛫ narrow-minded ᛫ AJ ~ NE
smaragdin ᛫ an emerald ᛫ N smaragdī̆n[smaragdinus] ME‹I or: greenyim (coined for Anglish)
smart ᛫ pain ᛬ to hurt ᛫ to pain ᛬ sharp ᛫ sharp minded ᛫ intelligent ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~ NE
smartful ᛫ painful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
smarting ᛫ suffering ᛫ AJ ~ NE
smarts ᛫ intelligence ᛫ know-how ᛫ a kind of cunning in a particular field ᛫ N ~ NE
smatch smac ᛫ a taste ᛫ a slight trace ᛬ to taste ᛫ N᛬V smatch&smach&smacchen NE&ME&ME see: smack
smatch of smac ᛫ to taste of ᛫ to come across as ᛫ V smacchen of ME
smatter ᛫ a slight superficial knowledge of subject ᛬ a small amount of something ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
smear ᛫ to smear ᛫ to anoint ᛫ V smear&ismēren NE&ME
smearle smearel ᛫ an unguent ᛫ an ointment ᛫ an unction ᛫ a salve ᛫ N smē̆rels ME
smeat ᛫ refined ( of gold ) ᛫ refined ( by extension ) ᛫ AJ smeat/smēte ME
smeddum ᛫ powder ( esp fine powder ) ᛫ fine flour ᛫ N ~[smeodoma] NE
smeech smeec ᛫ smoke ᛫ dense vapour ᛬ to emit smoke ᛫ to emit vapor ᛫ V ~ NE [LEX]
smeek ᛫ to fumigate ᛫ V ~ NE kin: smoke
smeeth smeeþ ᛫ to become smooth ᛫ to make smooth ᛫ to expedite [ᚹ] ᛫ V smethen ME kin: smooth
smellbrain ᛫ the rhinencephalon ᛫ N smellbrain NE
smey ᛫ to scrutinize ᛫ to investigate ᛫ to meditate on [ᚾ] ᛫ to ponder [ᚾ] ᛫ V smēȝen[smeagan] ME
smeying ᛫ an investigation ᛫ a study ᛫ an inquiry ᛫ N smeaȝunge ME
smicker ᛫ elegant ᛫ fine ᛫ beautiful ᛫ AJ ~[smiker][smicer] NE
smile ᛫ a burrow ᛫ a hollow ᛫ a cuniculus ᛫ a place to creep into ᛫ a smial ( a Hobbit-hole ) ᛫ N smygel OE
smilt ᛫ calm ᛫ serene ᛫ tranquil ᛫ placid ᛫ AJ smilte&smylte ME&OE
smiltness ᛫ calmness ᛫ serenity ᛫ tranquillity ᛫ peace ᛫ N smyltness OE
smirk ᛫ a smile ᛬ to smile ᛫ N᛬V ~[smirken][smearcian] NE
smit ᛫ to contaminate ᛫ to infect ᛫ to stain ᛫ to tarnish ᛫ to sully ᛫ V ~[smitten][smittian] NE
smite ᛫ to strike hard ᛫ to defeat ᛫ V ~ NE PST: smote ᛫ PTCP: smitten
smith smiþ ᛫ a worker in metal ᛬ to treat metal by heating hammering and forging it ᛫ N᛬V smith NE
smithe smiþe ᛫ a smithy ᛫ a blacksmith's workshop ᛫ N smithe[smiþþe] ME
smithy smiþy ᛫ a forge ᛫ the workshop of a smith ᛫ N smithy NE
smitting ᛫ infectious ᛫ contagious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
smittle smittel ᛫ infectious ᛫ AJ ~ NE Scottish
smock ᛫ a chemise ᛫ a blouse ( esp a long one ) ᛫ a loose overall which protects one's clothes ᛫ N ~ NE
smoke ᛫ a cigar ᛫ a cigarette ᛫ N ~ NE
smokestack ᛫ a chimney ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N)
smolt ᛫ lard ᛫ N smolt[smolt] ME
smolt ᛫ serene ᛫ tranquil ᛫ AJ smolt ME
smore ᛫ to suffocate ᛫ V smore&smorian NE&OE
smother smoþer ᛫ a mass of something that stifles or obscures ᛬ to cover with a suffocating effect ᛫ to braise ( stove-top style ) ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [LEX]
smow smue ᛫ to creep ᛫ to crawl ᛫ V smūȝen[smūgan] ME rhyme: now
snake ᛫ a serpent ᛫ N ~ NE
snakebird ᛫ an Anhingidae bird ( a darter , an anhinga ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
snakefear ᛫ ophidiophobia ᛫ N snake+fear NE×2
snapper ᛫ a castanet ᛫ N ~ ANE‹HG [OED]
snapshot snapscot ᛫ a picture ( esp when taken hastily ) ᛫ a glimpse ᛫ a brief portrayal ᛫ N ~ NE‹(NL+E) or: shot (for short)
snarch snarc ᛫ to shrivel ᛫ to dehydrate ᛫ V snarchen&sneorcan ME&OE
snead ᛫ a cut ᛫ a slice ᛫ a morsel ᛬ to cut to pieces ᛫ to slice to shreds ᛫ N᛬V snead&tọ̄̆snēden NE&ME
snead ᛫ the handle of a scythe ᛫ N snǣd{snēde} OE
sneakers ᛫ trainers ᛫ N ~ NE
sneem ᛫ swiftly ᛫ rapidly ᛫ quickly ᛫ immediately ᛫ at once ᛫ ADV snēome OE
snell ᛫ quick ᛫ fast ᛫ rapid ᛫ AJ ~[snel] NE
snid ᛫ an incision ᛫ N snide OE
snide ᛫ counterfeit ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
snidiron ᛫ a lancet ᛫ N snidīsen OE means "incision iron"?
snike ᛫ to crawl ᛫ to creep ᛫ to sneak ᛫ V snīcan OE possibly redundant
snit ᛫ a fit of rage ᛫ a tantrum ᛫ N ~ NE‹?
snite ᛫ a snipe ᛫ a Gallinago gallinago bird ᛫ a Lymnocryptes minima bird ᛫ N snite[snīte/snyghte] NE
snite ᛫ to blow one's nose ᛫ to blow or snuff out a candle ᛫ V snite&snīten[snȳtan] NE&ME
sniter ᛫ a sniper ᛫ N snite+er NE×2 "snipe" is Norse
snithe sniþe ᛫ to cut ᛫ to slice ᛫ to amputate ᛫ V snithe&snīþan NE&OE
snithy sniþy ᛫ cutting ᛫ sharp ᛫ AJ ~ NE
snitter ᛫ prudence ᛫ sagacity ᛫ N snitere&snytro ME&OE
snood ᛫ a band ribbon cap or hat for keeping hair in place ᛫ N ~[snōd] NE [LEX]
snore ᛫ daughter-in-law ᛫ a sister-in-law ᛫ N snore&snoru ME&OE
snoter ᛫ prudent ᛫ sagacious ᛫ AJ snoter[snotor] ME
snoterly ᛫ wise ᛫ prudent ᛫ philosophical ᛬ wisely ᛫ prudently ᛫ philosophically ᛫ AJ᛬AV snotorlīc&snotorlīce OE
snoterness ᛫ wisdom ᛫ intelligence ᛫ spiritual enlightenment ᛫ N snoterness ME
snoud snude ᛫ quickly ᛫ swiftly ᛫ AJ᛬AV snūde OE
snow moon snoƿ ᛫ a full moon in February ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
snowhen snoƿhen ᛫ a Lagopus bird ( a ptarmigan ) ᛫ N snow+hen NE×2 calque: sneeuwhoen; Schneehuhn
snowhouse snoƿhuse ᛫ an igloo ᛫ N snow-house NE [OED]
snowslide snoƿslide ᛫ an avalanche ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
snowsparrow snoƿsparroƿ ᛫ a Junco bird ᛫ N snow sparrow NE [OED]
snowstorm snoƿstorm ᛫ a blizzard ᛫ N ~ NE
snowwold snoƿƿold ᛫ a stretch of taiga ᛫ N snow+wold NE or: snowwood
snug ᛫ trim ᛫ close-fitting ᛫ comfortable ᛫ cozy ᛫ cosy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
so as to ᛫ in order to ᛫ AV ~ NE
so say ᛫ according to ᛫ V ~ NE "They're green, so says John."
soaksome soaksum ᛫ bibulous ᛫ AJ soak+some NE×2 invented by William Barnes
soal ᛫ a dirty pond ᛫ mire ᛫ mud ᛫ N sol OE
Soalmonth Soalmonþ ᛫ February ᛫ N(P) Solmonaþ OE of note: Sowlegrove
soapapple soapappel ᛫ a Chlorogalum pomeridianum plant ᛫ N ~ NE
sodden ᛫ soaked ᛫ saturated with liquid ᛫ having drunk an excessive amount of something ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
soft ᛫ tender ᛫ supple ᛫ quiet ᛫ faint ᛫ calm ᛫ gentle ᛫ non-alcoholic ( of drinks ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
softhail ᛫ graupel ᛫ N soft-hail NE [OED]
softhearted ᛫ kind ᛫ tender ᛫ compassionate ᛫ charitable ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
softshaded softscaded ᛫ pastel ( of a soft and delicate shade of a colour ) ᛫ AJ soft+shade+ed NE×3
softship softscip ᛫ a situation marked by ease comfort or convenience ᛫ the opposite of hardship ᛫ N ~ NE
software softƿare ᛫ the programs and other operating information used by a computer ᛫ N ~ NE
sokeman ᛫ one who holds soken rights ᛫ N ~ NE
soken ᛫ a search ᛫ a search for levying fees and fines ᛫ a district under the jurisdiction of such searches ᛫ N soke&socn NE&OE or: soke
sole ᛫ a rope or a wooden yoke ( esp one used to tether cattle ) ᛫ N sōl[sāl] ME
sole ᛫ to soil ᛫ to dirty ᛫ to sully ᛬ soiled ᛫ dirty ᛫ sullied ᛫ V᛬AJ sōle&sole[sol] ME&ME
solken ᛫ slothful ᛫ indolent ᛫ lazy ᛫ AJ āsolcen OE
some sum ᛫ -ous (suffix of characterization) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
somedeal sumdeal ᛫ partial ᛬ partly ᛫ partially ᛫ AJ᛬AV somedeal&somedel NE&ME
somewhat sumhƿat ᛫ to a degree ᛫ partially ᛫ quite ᛫ AJ ~ NE
somewhy sumhƿy ᛫ for some reason ᛫ AV ~ NE
sond ᛫ a thing which is sent ᛫ a messenger ᛫ an envoy ᛫ a message ᛫ a serving of food ᛫ N sond[sand] ME
sondsman ᛫ a messenger ᛫ N sondesman ME or: sondman
songbook ᛫ a book of songs ( esp hymns ) ᛫ a collection of songs ᛫ a musical album [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
son-of-the-sun sun-of-þe-sun ᛫ a Fregatidae bird ( a frigatebird ) ᛫ N ~ NE
sonsdaughter sonsdaugter ᛫ a paternal granddaughter ᛫ N son+daughter NE×2 inspired by: sunsunu; dohtorsunu
sonson ᛫ a paternal grandson ᛫ N sunsunu OE
sool ᛫ the sun ᛫ N sōl OE
soom ᛫ agreement ᛫ concord ᛫ N sōme[sōm] ME
soom ᛫ united ᛫ unified ᛫ AJ gesōm OE
soon ᛫ music ᛫ N sōn[I sonus] OE‹I
sooncraft ᛫ the art of music ᛫ N sōncræft OE‹(I+E)
sooth sooþ ᛫ truth ᛫ reality ᛬ real ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
soothbound sooþbund ᛫ bound to fact ᛫ objective ᛫ AJ sooth+bound NE×2
soothe sooþe ᛫ to gently calm ᛫ to relieve or ease pain ᛫ to verify ᛫ to prove ᛫ to confirm ᛫ V soothe&sōþian NE&OE
soother sooþer ᛫ a pacifier ᛫ a verifier ᛫ a confirmer ᛫ N soothe&sōþian+er NE&OE+NE
soothfast sooþfast ᛫ real ᛫ actual ᛫ veracious ᛫ genuine ᛫ AJ soothfast&sōthfast NE&ME
soothing sooþing ᛫ relaxing ᛫ calming ᛫ relieving ᛫ calmative ᛫ AJ ~ NE
soothless sooþless ᛫ false ᛫ AJ ~ NE
soothly sooþly ᛫ truly ᛫ verily ᛫ actually ᛫ really ᛬ amen ᛫ AV᛬I ~[sōthlī] NE
soothquid sooþcƿid ᛫ a true saying ᛫ a fact ᛫ N sōþcwide OE
soothsaw sooþsaƿ ᛫ a true saying ᛫ a proverb ᛫ a maxim ᛫ N sothsau ME
soothsawl sooþsaƿl ᛫ veracious ᛫ truth saying ᛫ AJ sọ̄thsawel/sọ̄thsagel ME
soothsay sooþsay ᛫ to predict ᛫ to prophesy ᛫ V ~ NE
soothsayer sooþsayer ᛫ a prophet ᛫ a prognosticator ᛫ the mantis ᛫ N ~ NE
soothspel sooþspel ᛫ a true story ᛫ history ᛫ N sōþspell OE
soothy sooþy ᛫ sincere ᛫ authentic ᛫ actual ᛫ AJ sōþlic OE
sope ᛫ a small amount of drink ᛫ N sope[sopa] ME
sorely ᛫ very ( usually in a negative sense ) ᛫ AV ~ NE
sorry ᛫ contrite ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sotship sotscip ᛫ folly ᛫ N sotship ME
sough suge ᛫ a moaning , whistling , or rushing sound like that of wind or water ᛬ to make a sough ᛫ N᛬V sough&swǒugh[swōgan] NE&ME rhyme: plough; tough (American English only?)
sought sugt ᛫ sickness ᛫ N sought[suht] ME rhyme: pout
soulkind ᛫ spiritual ᛫ AJ sāwelcund OE
soullattew soullatteƿ ᛫ a psychopomp ( a spirit , deity , or person who guides the souls of the dead to the afterlife ) ᛫ N soul+lattew NE×2 equal to: soul-guide
sound sund ᛫ secure ᛫ healthy ᛫ valid ᛫ safe ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sound sund ᛫ the power of swimming ᛫ a narrow inlet ᛫ a strait connecting two wider areas of water ᛫ N sound&sund NE&OE
soundness sundness ᛫ security ᛫ safety ᛫ robustness ᛫ competence ᛫ reliability ᛫ N ~ NE
sour sure ᛫ acid ᛬ acidic ᛫ N zuur NL
sourcole surecole ᛫ fermented cabbage ᛫ sauerkraut ᛫ N sour+cole NE×2 calque: Sauerkraut
sourdock suredock ᛫ a Rumex acetosa plant ( sorrel ) ᛫ N ~ NE
soursop suresop ᛫ the fruit of an Annona muricata tree ᛫ a guanabana ᛫ N ~ NE
South Africk Suþe Africk ᛫ South Africa ᛫ N(P) south+Affrica NE+OE‹I
southen suþen ᛫ from the south ᛫ AV sūþan OE
southern lights ligts ᛫ the aurora australis ᛫ N ~ NE
Southumber Suþumber ᛫ Southumbria ᛫ the Southumbrians ᛫ N(P) Sūþanhymbre OE‹(E+C)
Southumberrich Suþumberric ᛫ the Kingdom of Southumbria ( Mercia ? ) ᛫ N(P) Sūþanhymbre rīce OE‹(E+C+C)
sow sue ᛫ to suffer ᛫ to make something suffer ᛫ V sǒuen ME
sow sue ᛫ an adult female pig ᛫ a siege engine used to shelter wall miners ᛫ N sow&sǒue NE&ME second meaning is a calque of Latin
sowbread suebread ᛫ a Cyclamen plant ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
sowel soƿel ᛫ a pole ᛫ a post ᛫ N souel ME
sowl sule ᛫ something eaten with bread , such as meat , pottage , a sauce , etc ᛫ any topping or sauce that goes with bread ᛫ N sǒuel[sufel] ME
spadefish spadefisc ᛫ a disc-shaped fish ᛫ N ~ NE
span ᛫ an extent ᛬ to extend ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
spane ᛫ to allure ᛫ to lure ᛫ to entice ᛫ V spanan{forspannen} OE
spangle spangel ᛫ a sequin ᛫ N ~ NE‹NL?
Spanishman Spaniscman ᛫ a Spaniard ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
Spany ᛫ Spain ᛫ N(P) Ispania OE
spar ᛫ a piece of timber used in building ᛫ a rafter ᛫ a beam ᛫ a pole or post used as a weapon or bar ᛬ to lock with a spar ᛫ N᛬V sparre ME
spar • shiny , crystalline , non-metallic mineral that cleaves easily into chips or flakes • N ~ NE‹N [CED]
spare ᛫ an extra ᛬ to refrain from killing or hurting ᛬ unoccupied ᛫ extra ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~[spær] NE
sparhawk sparhaƿk ᛫ the Accipiter nisus bird ( Eurasian sparrowhawk ) ᛫ N sparhauk ME
sparkler sparkeller ᛫ a diamond ( informal ) ᛫ a kind of firework that leaves a trail of sparkles ᛫ sparkling wine ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
sparling ᛫ an Osmeridae fish ᛫ N ~ NE
sparlire ᛫ a calf ( of a leg ) ᛫ N sparlire ME
sparrowgrass sparroƿgrass ᛫ asparagus ᛫ N ~ NE eggcorn term
sparstone ᛫ gypsum ᛫ hydrous calcium sulphate ᛫ N sparrestone[spærstān] ME
speakeath speakeaþ ᛫ a speakeasy ᛫ N speak+eathe NE+ME calque: speakeasy
speakle speakel ᛫ talkative ᛫ loquacious ᛫ AJ sprecol OE
speal ᛫ to save ᛫ to reserve ᛫ to refrain from using or consuming ᛫ to relieve ᛫ to spare ᛫ V spēlen[spelian] ME
spearhalf ᛫ the male line of descent ᛫ N sperehealf OE
speck ᛫ a tiny spot ᛫ a tiny stain ᛫ a tiny particle ᛫ N ~ NE
speechcraft speeccraft ᛫ skill in speech ᛫ rhetoric ᛫ grammar ( esp spoken grammar as opposed to written ) ᛫ N ~ NE
speechhouse speechuse ᛫ an auditorium ᛫ N sprǣchūs OE
speechlore speeclore ᛫ linguistics ᛫ philology ᛫ N ~ NE
speechly speecly ᛫ linguistic ᛫ AJ speech+ly NE×2 calque: sprachlich
speed ᛫ success ᛬ to succeed ᛫ to assist ᛫ to accomplish ᛫ to complete ᛫ to hasten ᛫ N᛬V speed&spẹ̄de&spẹ̄den NE&ME&ME found in: godspeed
speedful ᛫ successful ᛫ prosperous ᛫ AJ spedeful ME
speld ᛫ a splinter ᛫ a thin piece of wood used as a torch ᛫ a torch ᛫ N speld OE
spelk ᛫ a splinter ᛬ to splinter ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE "splinter" is Dutch
spell ᛫ a story ᛫ a narrative ᛫ speech with a magical effect ᛫ a state of enchantment ᛫ N ~[spell] NE
spell ᛫ a short period ᛫ a period spent in an activity ᛬ to represent ᛫ to substitute ᛫ to relieve ( to take the place of ) ᛫ N᛬V spell&spelen&spelian NE&ME&OE
spellbind ᛫ to fascinate ᛫ to hold the complete attention of someone as though by magic ᛫ V ~ NE
spellbinding ᛫ fascinating ᛫ engrossing ᛫ AJ ~ NE
spellboder ᛫ a messenger who relays a story or narrative ᛫ N spellboda OE
spellbound spellbund ᛫ fascinated ᛫ entranced ᛫ AJ ~ NE
speller ᛫ a representative ᛫ a substitute ᛫ N spala{speliend/spāle} OE
spew speƿ ᛫ vomit ᛫ puke ᛬ to vomit ᛫ to puke ᛫ to discharge violently ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
spiderfear ᛫ arachnophobia ᛫ N spider+fear NE×2
spild ᛫ to destroy ᛫ V spildan OE
spill ᛫ to play ᛫ to revel ᛫ N᛬V spilen&spilian ME&OE
spill ᛫ a spill ᛬ to spill ᛫ to waste ᛫ N᛬V spill&spillan{aspillen} NE&OE
spiller ᛫ a player ᛫ a jester ᛫ N spilere{spillend} OE
spilth spilþ ᛫ spillage ᛫ material that is spilt ᛫ N ~ NE
spin ᛫ circular or rotatory movement ᛬ to revolve ᛫ to rotate ᛫ to gyrate ᛫ to whirl ᛫ to contrive ᛫ to devise ᛫ to concoct ᛫ N:V ~ NE [OED] ᛫ PST/PTCP: spun
spind ᛫ fat ᛫ N spind OE
spindle spindel ᛫ an axis ᛫ N ~ NE
spindlehalf spindelhalf ᛫ the female line of descent ᛫ N spinlehealf OE
spindleshanks spindelscanks ᛫ a thin lanky person with long legs ᛫ N ~ NE
spinner ᛫ a spinneret ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
spinster ᛫ a woman who spins cloth ᛫ an unmarried woman ( esp one beyond the usual age for marriage ) ᛫ N ~ NE
spir ᛫ to inquire ᛫ to interrogate ᛫ to investigate through inquiry ᛫ to check for something ᛫ V spiren[spyrian] ME or: speer (Scotland)
spird ᛫ a stadium ᛫ a racetrack ᛫ a racecourse ᛫ N spyrd OE
spirglass ᛫ a telescope ᛫ N spiren+glass ME+NE calque: spyglass
spit ᛫ a dash ( — ) ᛫ a hyphen ( - ) ᛫ N ~ ANE
spitbox ᛫ a spittoon ᛫ a cuspidor ᛫ a salivarium ᛫ N ~ ANE‹(NE+NE‹‹H) [OED]
spitbreed ᛫ meat cooked on a spit ᛫ a kebab ᛫ N spit+brēd NE+ME calque: spitroast
spitch spic ᛫ bacon ᛫ N spich/spik ME kin: speck ᛫ or: spick
spittle spittel ᛫ saliva ᛫ N ~ NE
spittle spittel ᛫ a spadelike tool with two or more prongs ᛫ N spitel ME
spokebone ᛫ a radius ( bone ) ᛫ N ~ NE or: wandbone
spokesman ᛫ a representative of a group or an individual ᛫ N ~ NE
spoonwort spoonƿurt ᛫ a Cochleara plant ( scurvygrass ) ᛫ N ~ ANE [OED]
spoor ᛫ a trace ᛫ a track ᛫ a vestige ᛫ N spor OE kin: spoor (from Dutch)
spore ᛫ a track ᛫ a trace ᛫ a vestige ᛫ N spore&spor ME&OE
spot ᛫ an area ᛫ N ~ NE
spow spoƿ ᛫ to succeed ᛫ to be successful ᛫ V spōwan OE
sprank ᛫ a shoot ᛫ a twig ᛫ a sprig ᛫ N spranc OE
sprat ᛫ a Sprattus fish ᛫ N ~ NE
sprawl spraƿl ᛫ a disorganized unattractive expanse ᛬ spread out over a large area in an untidy or irregular way ᛫ N᛬AJ ~[spreawlian] NE
sprawling spraƿling ᛫ expansive ᛫ extensive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sprent ᛫ sprinkled over ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sprind ᛫ vigorous ᛫ active ᛫ AJ sprind[springd] ME
spring from ᛫ to be caused by [ᛏ] ᛫ V ~ NE
springe sprincg ᛫ to sprinkle ᛫ to scatter ᛫ to disperse ᛫ V sprengen ME
springly ᛫ vernal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
springy ᛫ elastic ᛫ resilient ᛫ bouncy ᛫ lively ᛫ energetic ᛫ jaunty ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
spry ᛫ agile ᛫ featly ᛫ gracile ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
spur ᛫ an incentive ᛬ to incentivize ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
spurn ᛫ to reject with scorn ᛫ to refuse to use ᛫ to kick ᛫ V ~ NE
spurrier ᛫ a searcher ᛫ an explorer ᛫ an investigator ᛫ a spy [ᚹ] ᛫ N āspyrgend OE
squeezebox scƿeesbox ᛫ an accordion ᛫ a concertina ᛫ N squeeze-box NE‹(E+H) colloquial word
squelch scƿelc ᛫ to squash ᛫ to crush ᛫ to tread and make splashing sounds ᛫ V ~ NE or: quelch ᛫ first appears in Early Modern English
squidflesh scƿidflesc ᛫ calamari ᛫ N squid+flesh NE
squirt scƿirt ᛫ a syringe ᛫ liquid which is spirting ᛬ to spirt out a liquid ᛫ N᛬V ~[scqwyrt] NE first appears in Late Middle English
staddle staddel ᛫ a foundation ᛫ a base ᛫ a prop ᛫ a support ᛬ to base ᛫ to prop ᛫ to support ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE or: stathel (older)
staddlely staddely ᛫ fundamental ᛫ basic ᛫ AJ staddle+y NE×2
staddler staddeller ᛫ a founder ᛫ N staþoliend OE
staff ᛫ a letter ( like A B or C ) ᛫ a written character ᛫ N staf&stæf ME&OE
staffay ᛫ a combination of letters which forms a syllable or a diphthong ᛫ N stæfgefēg OE
staffcraft ᛫ grammar ( as in the art of letters spelling and punctuation ) ᛫ N stæfcræft OE
staffkind ᛫ a font ᛫ a typeface ᛫ N staff+kind NE×2
staffleighter staffleigter ᛫ a grammatical error ᛫ a typo ᛫ N stæfleahter OE
stafflither staffliþer ᛫ a ballista ᛫ N stæfliþere OE
stafflore ᛫ orthography ᛫ N staff+lore NE×2
staffly ᛫ literal ᛫ letter-like ᛬ literally ᛫ AJ᛬AV stafī/staffliȝ[stæflīc] ME
staffrow staffroƿ ᛫ an alphabet ᛫ N stæfrǣw OE
staffwise staffƿise ᛫ literate ᛫ lettered ᛫ AJ stæfwīs OE
staffword staffƿord ᛫ an acronym ᛫ N staf+word ME+NE calque: letterwoord
stag ᛫ a male deer ᛫ N ~[stagge] NE
stair ᛫ precipitous ( as in steep ) ᛫ AJ steire[stǣger] ME
stake ᛫ a post ᛫ a post on which a gambling wager is placed ᛫ a wager ᛫ a bet ᛬ to wager ᛫ to bet ᛫ V stake&stāke NE&ME
stal ᛫ klepto- ᛫ PREFIX stæl OE stælhere = thieving army ? stælgiest = thieving ghost ?
stale ᛫ a rung in a ladder ᛫ a position in a series ᛫ a tier ᛫ N stāle[stalu] ME
stale ᛫ robbery ᛫ larceny ᛫ purloining ᛫ N stāle[stalu] ME kin: steal
stalk ᛫ a main stem of something ᛫ N ~ NE
stalk ᛫ to pursue stealthily ᛫ V ~[stealcung] NE
stalworth stalƿorþ ᛫ brave ᛫ courageous ᛫ AJ ~ NE or: stalwart
stand ᛫ to exist ( esp of inanimate things ) ᛫ V ~ NE
stand ᛫ a stance ᛫ N ~ NE
stand for ᛫ to represent ᛫ to symbolize ᛫ V ~ NE
standalone ᛫ an independent thing ᛬ independent ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
standcock ᛫ a vertical pipe connected to a water supply ᛫ a hydrant ᛫ a fire hydrant ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
standin ᛫ a substitute ᛫ N stand-in NE
standing ᛫ status ᛫ a status ᛫ a reputation within a group ᛫ N ~ NE
standing stone ᛫ a monolith ᛫ a menhir ᛫ a stele ᛫ a lith ᛫ an orthostat ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
standoffish standoffisc ᛫ anti-social ᛫ unsociable ᛫ socially cold ᛫ AJ ~ NE
stannel ᛫ a kestrel ᛫ N ~[stāngella] NE
staple stapel ᛫ a bar or wire meant for holding things together through piercing and bending ᛫ a pillar ᛫ a column ᛫ a post ᛫ N staple&stapol NE&OE
star ᛫ an asterisk ( * ) ᛫ a celebrity ᛫ N ~ NE
starburst ᛫ a supernova ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
stardom ᛫ celebrity ( as in the status ) ᛫ N ~ NE
stark ᛫ stiff ᛫ rigid ᛫ solid ᛫ strong ᛫ severe ᛫ unpleasantly or sharply clear ᛫ severe or bare in appearance ᛫ AJ ~[stark] NE
starken ᛫ to make unbending or inflexible ᛫ to stiffen ᛫ to make obstinate ᛫ V ~ NE
starly ᛫ astral ᛫ AJ ~ NE
starship starscip ᛫ a spaceship ᛫ a spacecraft ᛫ N ~ NE
starshower starscoƿer ᛫ an astrologer ᛫ N steorscēawere OE
start ᛫ a tail ᛫ N stert[steort] ME
startail ᛫ a Phaethon bird ( a tropicbird ) ᛫ N ~ NE also: boatswainbird
startoken ᛫ a constellation ᛫ N star+token NE×2
starving starfing ᛫ starvation ᛫ N ~ NE
starwatch starƿac ᛫ an observatory ᛫ N star+watch NE×2 calque: sterrenwacht
stath staþ ᛫ a bank ᛫ a shore ᛫ land bordering water ᛫ a wharf ᛫ N stath[stæþ] ME "wharf" meaning may be from Norse influence
stave off stafe ᛫ to prevent ᛫ to avert ᛫ to ward off ᛫ to keep away ᛫ V ~ NE
stead ᛫ a station ᛫ a place ᛫ N ~ NE
steadfast ᛫ steady ᛫ unmoving ᛫ loyal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
steadfastness ᛫ loyalty ᛫ N ~ NE
steady ᛫ to stabilize ᛫ stable ᛫ V᛬AJ ~ NE
stealth stealþ ᛫ acting in secrecy and cautiousness ᛫ N ~ NE kin: "steal"
stealthy stealþy ᛫ cautious and surreptitious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
steam ᛫ water vapor ᛫ vapor ᛫ gas ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
stean ᛫ an earthenware container for liquids or foods ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
steap ᛫ a stoup ᛫ a drinking vessel ᛫ a cup ᛫ a flagon ᛫ N stēap OE "stoup" is Norse
stear ᛫ history ᛫ N stǣr{ἱστορία} OE‹I‹H or: yorelore
stearwit stearƿit ᛫ a historian ᛫ N stǣr+wite OE‹I‹H+ME or: yorewit
steed ᛫ a horse being ridden or available for riding ᛫ N ~ NE
steel bow boƿ ᛫ a crossbow ᛫ an arbalest ᛫ N ~ NE or: stockbow
steen ᛫ to groan or to rumble or to bellow or to bray loudly ᛫ V stēnan OE
steep ᛫ to imbue ᛫ to soak ᛫ to fill with ᛫ V ~ NE "a city steeped in history" ᛫ [LEX]
steeple steepel ᛫ a tower ᛫ a church tower ᛫ a spire ᛫ N ~[stẹ̄pel][stīpel/stēpel] NE [LEX]
steer ᛫ guidance ᛫ direction ᛫ a rule ᛫ a regulation ᛫ a restraint ᛫ a check ᛬ to direct ᛫ N᛬V steor&steoran OE&OE
steerer ᛫ a director ᛫ a regulator ᛫ a moderator ᛫ N steorend OE
steet ᛫ to strike ᛫ to thrust ᛫ to fall heavily ᛫ to push hard ᛫ V stē̆ten ME
stell ᛫ to set up ᛫ to up-fix ᛫ to mount up ᛫ to place ᛫ to set ᛫ to put in place ᛫ to institute ᛫ to establish ᛫ to install ᛫ V stellen ME
stem ᛫ a branch in a family ᛬ to descend ᛫ to derive ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
stench stenc ᛫ malodorousness or acridness ( of smell ) ᛫ N ~ NE
step ᛫ stage ᛫ phase ᛫ N ~ NE
stepchild stepcild ᛫ an orphan ᛫ a stepchild ᛫ N ~ ME&NE orphan is the original meaning
stepdown stepdune ᛫ to resign ᛫ V ~ NE
stepwise stepƿise ᛫ gradual ᛬ gradually ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
ster ᛫ ( agent suffix , formerly a feminine agent suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE could be reverted to its old role as the feminine agent suffix
stern ᛫ serious ᛫ unfriendly ᛫ strict ᛫ severe ᛫ AJ ~ NE
steven stefen ᛫ an appointed time ᛫ an appointment ᛫ a tryst ᛬ to set an appointment ᛫ to appoint ᛫ N᛬V steven&stevenen ME&ME rhyme: seven
steven stefen ᛫ a voice ( whether human or animal ) ᛫ a voice ( grammatical term ) ᛫ a sung melody or tune ᛫ speech ᛬ to voice ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE rhyme: seven
stevenmeal stefenmeal ᛫ by turns ᛫ alternatively ( as in alternating ) ᛫ AV stefnmǣlum OE rhyme: seven-peel
stew steƿ ᛫ to restrain ᛫ to check ᛫ V steuen ME
steward steƿard ᛫ a supervisor ᛫ a seneschal ᛬ to supervise ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
stewardship steƿardscip ᛫ supervision ᛫ N ~ NE
stick • to stab • to pierce • to puncture • to fix ( to something ) • to adhere • to impale • to pin • V ~ NE [OED]
stickle stickel ᛫ a rapid ᛬ steep ᛫ sloping ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE kin: stehhal (OHG)
stickle stickel ᛫ to argue or contend stubbornly [ᚾ] ᛫ to raise objections ᛫ to scruple ᛫ V ~ NE
stickleback stickelback ᛫ a Gasterosteidae fish [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~[stikel] NE
stickler stickeller ᛫ a person who insists on a certain quality or type of behaviour ᛫ a referee ᛫ an umpire ᛫ a mediator ᛫ a moderator ᛫ N ~ NE [OED] ᛫ used in Cornish Wrestling but formerly applied to other sports as well
stickman ᛫ a croupier ᛫ a stick figure ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
sticky • adhesive • viscous • viscid • glutinous • AJ ~ NE [OED]
stiff ᛫ rigid ᛫ AJ ~[stīf] NE
stiffness ᛫ rigidity ᛫ N ~ NE
stight stigt ᛫ to set in order ᛫ to arrange ᛫ to place ᛫ V stighten[stihtan] ME unrealistic/fanciful
stightle stigtel ᛫ to direct ᛫ to ordain ᛫ to arrange ᛫ to array ᛫ to govern ᛫ to rule ᛫ to manage ᛫ V stightelen[stihtan] ME
stightler stigteller ᛫ a director ᛫ a manager ᛫ N stightelen+er ME+NE
stightling stigteling ᛫ management ᛫ N stighteling ME
stile ᛫ a structure for surmounting things ( usually fences and walls ) ᛫ N ~ NE
still ᛫ a photograph from a film ᛫ N ~ NE
stillness ᛫ silence ᛫ absence of movement ᛫ N ~ NE
stilly ᛫ silent ᛫ calm ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
stilt ᛫ a Recurvirostridae bird ᛫ a stilt ᛫ an avocet [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
sting ᛫ to stab ᛫ to pierce ᛫ to prick ᛫ V ~[stingen] NE+ME
stink ᛫ to have a bad odour ᛫ V ~ NE
stinkbird ᛫ the Opisthocomus hoazin bird ᛫ N ~ NE
stinkbird ᛫ a hoatzin ᛫ any bird that emits a smell strong enough to confuse or distract a birddog ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
stinking nightshade nigtscade ᛫ henbane ( Hyoscyamus niger ) ᛫ N ~ NE
stinky ᛫ malodorous odoriferous or acrid ( of smell ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
stint ᛫ an allotted period of time ᛫ limitation ᛫ restriction ᛬ to limit ᛫ restrain ᛫ discontinue ᛫ to staunch (a flow of liquid) ᛫ to assign to a task ᛫ N᛬V stint&stinten[styntan] NE&ME [OED]
stir ᛫ to incite to action ᛫ to disturb ᛫ to move ᛫ to move about ᛫ to become active ᛫ V ~ NE
stirrup ᛫ a stapes ( bone ) ᛫ N ~ NE
stitch stic ᛫ a piece ᛫ a fragment ᛫ a part ᛫ a section of a text ᛫ N stiche/stech[stycce] ME survives as: "steck" in Scots ᛫ kin: שטיק
stitch stic ᛫ a thread or wire fastening ᛫ a stabbing pain ᛫ N ~[stice] NE
stitchmeal sticmeal ᛫ piecemeal ᛬ piecemeal ᛫ AJ᛬AV styccemǣlum OE
stithe stiþe ᛫ hard ᛫ stiff ᛫ stubborn ᛫ AJ stīþ OE
stithy stiþy ᛫ an anvil ᛫ N ~[stethi] NE‹N [MW]
stoat ᛫ a Mustela erminea animal ( a kind of weasel ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹?
stock ᛫ a supply ᛫ a store of something ᛬ to supply ᛫ to store ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
stock ᛫ a stump ᛫ a tree trunk ᛫ a log ᛫ a block of wood ᛫ a post ᛫ a trestle ᛫ a handle ᛫ a torso ᛫ a lineage ᛫ a race ᛫ a species ᛫ N stock&stok[stocc] NE&ME
stocky • stout • sturdy • AJ ~ NE [OED]
stodge stocg ᛫ heavy , filling , starchy food ᛫ a boring thing ᛫ N ~ NE
stold ᛫ a settled place ᛫ a station ᛫ an abode ᛫ N gesteald OE kin: 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽
stonebaby ᛫ a lithopedion / lithopaedion ᛫ N ~ NE
stonebow stoneboƿ ᛫ a natural stone arch ᛫ N stānboga OE
stonebuck ᛫ an ibex ᛫ N stanbucca OE also exists as a calque of German
stonecoal ᛫ anthracite ᛫ a hard variety of coal ᛫ N ~ NE
stonecraft ᛫ masonry ᛫ the art or skill of working with stone ᛫ N ~ NE
stoned ᛫ intoxicated ᛫ high on drugs ᛫ AJ ~ NE
stonedelf ᛫ a quarry ᛫ N stāngedelf OE
stonedelve stonedelf ᛫ to mine for stone ᛫ V ~ NE
stonefaw stonefaƿ ᛫ paved ᛫ paved with stone ᛫ AJ faw&stānfāh NE&OE
stonehawk stonehaƿk ᛫ a Falco columbarius bird ( a merlin ) ᛫ N ~ NE
stonehoney stonehunny ᛫ crystallized honey ᛫ N stone-honey NE [OED]
stonelime ᛫ cement ᛫ mortar ᛫ N stānlīm OE
stonelore ᛫ petrology ᛫ N stone+lore NE×2 calque: petrology
stonemint ᛫ a Cunila origanoides plant ( American dittany ) ᛫ N ~ NE
stonen ᛫ made of stone ᛫ AJ ~ NE invented by William Barnes
stonen ᛫ to petrify ᛫ V stone+en NE×2
stonen ᛫ to turn to stone ᛫ to petrify ᛫ to lithify ᛫ V stone+en NE+NE
stoner ᛫ one who stones ᛫ a machine to remove pits from fruit ᛫ a frequent user of cannabis ᛫ N ~ NE
stonerock ᛫ an obelisk ᛫ N stānrocc OE
stonewall stoneƿall ᛫ an obstruction ᛫ a refusal to cooperate ᛬ to obstruct ᛫ to refuse to cooperate ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
stonewalled stoneƿalled ᛫ surrounded or defined in size and shape by a wall of stone ᛫ AJ ~ NE
stonework stoneƿork ᛫ masonry ᛫ N stone-work NE [OED]
stoneworker stoneƿorker ᛫ a mason ᛫ a stonemason ᛫ N stone-worker NE [OED]
stonewright stoneƿrigt ᛫ a stonemason ᛫ N stānwryhta OE
stony ᛫ like stone ᛫ emotionless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
stool ᛫ a chair ᛫ a pew ᛫ a seat of power ( figurative ) ᛫ an enclosed seat with a chamber pot ᛫ a chamber pot ᛫ N stool&stọ̄l&stōl NE&ME&OE
stoor ᛫ powerful ᛫ fierce ᛫ cruel ᛫ severe ᛫ AJ stọ̄r ME
stoor ᛫ incense ᛫ frankincense ᛫ N stōr[storax?] ME‹I
stoorvat stoorfatt ᛫ a censer ᛫ N stōrfat[stōrfæt] ME
stopfire ᛫ a ceasefire ᛫ N ~ NE
stopgap ᛫ a short term solution ᛬ short-term ᛫ temporary ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE‹(E+N)
storm ᛫ a tempest ᛬ to tempest ᛫ to assault with large numbers ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
stound stund ᛫ a relatively short length of time ᛫ an hour [ᚹ] ᛫ N stound NE
stoundmeal stundmeal ᛫ at intervals ᛫ alternatingly ᛫ AV stundmǣlum OE
stour sture ᛫ a river ᛫ N stour[stūr] ME still found in a few names of rivers
stoven stofen ᛫ a stump ᛫ N stō̆ven[stofn] ME rhyme: oven?
stow stoƿ ᛫ a place ᛫ a location ᛬ to store ᛫ to lodge ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE /stoʊ/
strackledwales strackelledƿales ᛫ the Celts of Strathclyde ᛫ Strathclyde ᛫ N(P) stræcledwalas OE
straid ᛫ to strew ᛫ to scatter ᛫ to disperse ᛫ V stregdan OE
straightforward straigtforƿard ᛫ direct ᛫ AJ ~ NE
strail ᛫ a blanket ᛫ N strail[strǣl] ME
strake ᛫ a band or plate of iron used for various things ᛫ a streak ( of thread , light , mud , etc ) ᛫ N strake&strāke NE&ME
strand ᛫ a beach ᛫ N ~ NE
strawberry moon ᛫ a full moon in June ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
streak ᛫ a long thin line ᛫ a stroke ᛫ a series of successful deeds ᛫ N ~[strica] NE
streel ᛫ an arrow ᛫ a round of ammunition [ᚹ] ᛬ to shoot ᛫ N᛬V strele&strǣlian[strǣl] ME&OE
streelbearer ᛫ an archer ᛫ an arrow-bearer ᛫ N strǣlbora OE
streeling ᛫ radiation ᛫ N strele+ing ME+NE calque: Strahlung
streen ᛫ parturition ᛫ generation ᛫ procreation ᛫ propagation ᛫ a lineage ᛫ an ancestry ᛬ to procreate ᛫ to propagate ᛫ to generate ᛫ N᛬V strẹ̄n&strẹ̄nen[strēonan] ME&ME "strain" seems to have French influence
streen ᛫ a couch ᛫ a sofa ᛫ a bed ᛫ a resting spot ᛫ N strēon/strēowen OE
streener ᛫ a procreator ᛫ a generator ᛫ N strẹ̄nen+er ME+NE
streeningly ᛫ genitive ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ gestrȳnedlīc{gestrēonan} OE
streeny ᛫ genetic ᛫ genetical ᛫ AJ strain+y NE×2
stretch strec ᛫ to extend ᛫ V ~ NE
stretch strec ᛫ strict ᛫ severe ᛫ rigorous ᛫ stern ᛫ hard ᛫ AJ stræc{streche} OE PTCP: straught/stretched
strew streƿ ᛫ to distribute randomly ᛫ to spread abroad ᛫ V ~ NE
strewn streƿn ᛫ fragmented over an area ᛫ scattered ᛫ AJ ~ NE
strike ᛫ to hit ᛫ to attack ᛫ to delete ᛫ V ~ NE PST: struck ᛫ PTCP: stricken
strikeharp ᛫ a piano ᛫ N strike+harp NE×2 calque: slagharpa ᛫ or: slayharp (direct cognate calque)
strind ᛫ a race ᛫ a clan ᛫ a lineage ᛫ a generation ᛫ N strīnde ME
string ᛫ a series of things ᛫ a sequence ᛫ N ~ NE
strite ᛫ an ostrich ᛫ N strȳta OE‹I?
strongbox ᛫ a secure storage space ᛫ a safe ᛫ a safe deposit box ᛫ a coffer ᛫ N ~ NE‹(NE+NE‹‹I) [OED]
strongdrink ᛫ liquor ᛫ N strong drink NE
stronghold stronghold ᛫ a fortress ᛫ N ~ NE
stronghouse stronghuse ᛫ a fortified or secure building ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
strongman ᛫ a leader who rules with threats force or violence ᛫ a tyrant ᛫ a dictator ᛫ a despot ᛫ N ~ NE
strongroom ᛫ a secure room ᛫ a vault ᛫ a panic room ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
strongwater strongƿater ᛫ nitric acid ᛫ N ~ NE
strothe stroþe ᛫ marshy land overgrown with brushwood ᛫ N strothe[strōd] ME
stroud strude ᛫ to plunder ᛫ to pillage ᛫ to defraud ᛫ V strūdan OE
strout strute ᛫ contention ᛫ an argument ᛫ N strǒut{strūtian} ME
stubborn ᛫ obstinate ᛫ AJ ~[stibǒurne] NE‹?
stuller ᛫ furtive ᛫ AJ stulor OE
stun ᛫ to clash ᛫ to crash ᛫ to dash ᛫ to strike ᛫ V stunian OE
stunt ᛫ a daring or dangerous feat ᛫ skill ᛫ N ~ NE
stunt ᛫ a check in growth ᛫ a stunted being or thing ᛬ to hinder the growth of ᛫ to perform a stunt ᛫ to show off ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
stunt ᛫ stupid ᛫ foolish ᛫ fatuous ᛫ AJ stunt OE
stunted ᛫ prevented from growing ᛫ shorter than usual for one's age ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sturry ᛫ an Acipenseridae fish ( a sturgeon ) ᛫ N styria OE
sty ᛫ a path ᛫ a lane ᛫ an approach to something ᛫ a way of conduct ᛫ a method ᛬ to ascend ᛫ to descend ᛫ N᛬V stīe&stīgen[stīg] ME&ME
suckdeer suckdeer ᛫ a mammal ᛫ N suck+deer NE×2 calque: Säugetier; zoogdier
suckerfish suckerfisc ᛫ an Echeneidae fish ( a remora ) ᛫ N ~ NE
sull ᛫ to dirty ᛫ to corrupt ᛫ to taint ᛫ to soil ᛫ to desecrate ᛫ to sully ᛫ to pollute ᛫ to defile ᛫ V sulen[sylian] ME
sullow sulloƿ ᛫ a plough ᛫ a plow ᛫ N sulou[sulh] ME
sultandom ᛫ a sultanate ᛫ N sultan+dom{sultanate} O+NE
summer teal ᛫ a Spatula querquedula bird ( a garganey ) ᛫ N ~ NE
summerledge summerlecg ᛫ to become summer ᛫ V sumerlǣcan OE
summerly ᛫ estival ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sunbloom ᛫ a Helianthus annuus plant ( sunflower ) ᛫ N sun+bloom NE×2 calque: sunflower
sundcorn ᛫ a Saxifraga plant ᛫ N sundcorn ME
sunder ᛫ to separate ᛫ to split ᛫ to vary ᛫ to differ ᛫ V sunder&sǒnderen NE&ME
sunder ᛫ private- ᛫ special- ᛫ PREFIX sunder OE
sundercraft ᛫ a special power ᛫ a special art ᛫ N sundorcræft OE
sunderfee ᛫ private wealth ᛫ N sundorfeoh OE
Sunderhallow Sunderhalloƿ ᛫ a Pharisee ᛫ N sundorhālga OE
sundering ᛫ a separation ᛫ separation ᛫ diversity ᛫ variety ᛫ difference ᛫ N ~ NE
sunderledge sunderlecg ᛫ to privatize ᛫ V sunder+lǣcan NE+OE
sunderly ᛫ separate ᛫ distinct ᛫ different ᛫ unique ᛫ private ᛫ individual ᛫ especial ᛫ special ᛫ AJ sǒnderlī ME
sunderright sunderrigt ᛫ a privilege ᛫ a special right ᛫ N sunderriht OE
sundrily ᛫ variously ᛫ differently ᛫ separately ᛫ distinctively ᛫ distinctly ᛫ singly ᛫ individually ᛫ particularly ᛫ specially ᛫ specifically ᛫ privately ᛫ AV sundrily&sonderlī&syndriglic NE&ME&OE
sundriness ᛫ diversity ᛫ specialness ᛫ independence ᛫ specialness ᛫ N ~ NE
sundry ᛫ various ᛫ different ᛫ separate ᛫ distinctive ᛫ distinct ᛫ single ᛫ individual ᛫ particular ᛫ special ᛫ specific ᛫ private ᛫ AJ sundry&sǒndrī&syndrig NE&ME&OE
sundryman ᛫ a dealer of sundries ( miscellaneous items ) ᛫ N ~ NE
sunfast ᛫ sun resistant ᛫ not liable to fade in sunlight ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Sunfield Sunfeeld ᛫ Elysium ᛫ N(P) sunnfeld OE
sunfish sunfisc ᛫ a Molidae fish ᛫ a Centrarchidae fish ᛫ N ~ NE
sungang ᛫ the course of the sun ᛫ N sungang OE
sunken ᛫ submerged ᛫ depressed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
sunly ᛫ solar ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Sunnight Sunnigt ᛫ the night following Sunday's dusk ᛫ N(P) ~[sunnanniht] NE
sunroot ᛫ a Jerusalem artichoke ᛫ N ~ NE‹(NE+N) non-Norse: sunwale
sunshade sunscade ᛫ a parasol ᛫ an awning ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
sunspider ᛫ a solifuge ᛫ a camel spider ᛫ a wind scorpion ᛫ N sun spider NE
sunstead ᛫ a solstice ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
Surry ᛫ Syria ᛫ N(P) Surry/Sirie ME‹O
sussel ᛫ torment ᛫ anguish ᛫ agony ᛫ N sūsl OE
susselstead ᛫ a place of torment ᛫ hell ᛫ N sūslstede OE
suster ᛫ a sister ᛫ N suster ME "sister" is Norse?
suttle suttel ᛫ clear ᛫ manifest ᛫ obvious ᛫ evident ᛫ unambiguous ᛫ AJ sutel&sutelen[sweotol] ME&ME
suttle suttel ᛫ to clarify ᛫ to denote ᛫ to make known ᛫ to show ᛫ V isutelen&geswutelian ME&OE
suttleness suttelness ᛫ clarity ᛫ N sutel+ness ME+NE
suttley suttely ᛫ manifest ᛫ AJ sutellī[sweotollīc] ME
suttling suttelling ᛫ evidence ᛫ N sweotolung[swutel] OE
Suttling Day Suttelling ᛫ Epiphany Day ᛫ N(P) sweotolungdæg OE
swaddle sƿaddel ᛫ to wrap a baby in retraining material ᛫ to restrain ᛫ to restrict ᛫ V ~ NE
swail sƿail ᛫ heaven ᛫ the divine kingdom ᛫ the realm of the god or gods ᛫ N swegl OE kin: sun
swain sƿain ᛫ a rustic ᛫ a peasant ᛫ a shepherd ᛫ a page ( an attendant upon a knight ) ᛫ a squire ᛫ a boy ᛫ a young man ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
swair sƿair ᛫ a mother-in-law ᛫ N sweȝer&sweger ME&OE kin: שוויגער
swake sƿake ᛫ feeble with age ᛫ AJ swāc[swæc] ME
swallow sƿalloƿ ᛫ a gullet ᛫ a lingual nerve and its branches ᛫ a flood ᛫ an outpouring ᛫ a violent onrush ᛫ a vortex ᛫ a vent hole ᛫ a spiracle ᛫ a pit ᛫ N [swolwe] ME
swamb sƿamb ᛫ fungus ᛫ a mushroom ᛫ a sponge ᛫ N swam[swamm] ME
swamblore sƿamblore ᛫ mycology ( the study of fungi ) ᛫ N swam+lore ME+NE
swamp sƿamp ᛫ a stretch of forested wetland ᛫ N ~ NE
swanker sƿanker ᛫ bending easily ᛫ pliable ᛫ flaccid ᛫ AJ swancor OE
swanling sƿanling ᛫ a cygnet ᛫ N swan+ling NE×2
swansong sƿansong ᛫ a final performance or accomplishment ᛫ N ~ NE calque: Schwanengesang
swap sƿap ᛫ to exchange ᛫ to trade ᛫ to switch ᛫ N ~ NE
swap out ute ᛫ to replace ᛫ V ~ NE
sward sƿard ᛫ the upper layer of soil ( esp when grassy ) ᛫ skin ( esp of pork ) ᛫ rind ᛫ a patch of calloused skin ᛫ N sward&sward NE&ME [LEX]
swarf sƿarf ᛫ the bits that come from swarfing ( filings ) ᛬ to grind down ᛫ to file off ᛫ V swarf&gesweorfan NE&OE [LEX]
swark sƿark ᛫ a dark cloud ? ᛫ N swearc/gesweorc OE
swarken sƿarken ᛫ to darken ᛫ to becloud ᛫ V swurken[sweorcan] ME
swart sƿart ᛫ the black hue ᛬ black ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
swarthy sƿarþy ᛫ tawny dusky ᛫ dark ᛫ of dark complexioned ᛫ AJ ~ NE
swath sƿaþ ᛫ a broad area of something ᛫ N ~[swæþ] NE
swathe sƿaþe ᛫ a long strip of something ( esp cloth ) ᛫ a bandage [ᚹ] ᛬ to bandage ᛫ to swaddle ᛫ to envelop ᛫ N᛬V ~{unswā̆then} NE [CED]
sway sƿay ᛫ bias ᛫ impetus ( of motion ) ᛫ momentum ᛫ command ᛫ dominion ᛫ influence ᛫ N ~ NE
swayer sƿayer ᛫ an influencer ᛫ an influence ᛫ a factor ( a circumstance fact or influence that contributes to a result ) ᛫ N ~ NE
sweal sƿeal ᛫ to be on fire ᛫ to burn ᛫ V swēlen[swelan] ME
sweam sƿeam ᛫ to grieve ᛫ V swēmen[swǣman] ME
swease sƿeas ᛫ one's own ᛫ dear ᛫ beloved ᛫ gracious ᛫ AJ swǣs OE kin: suēscō (Latin)
sweaseledge sƿeaslecg ᛫ to flatter ᛫ V swǣslǣcan OE
sweasely sƿeasly ᛫ kind ᛫ pleasant ᛫ agreeable ᛫ AJ swǣslīc OE
sweasing sƿeasing ᛫ food ᛫ victuals ᛫ refection ᛫ N swǣsende OE
sweatcloth sƿeatcloþ ᛫ a handkerchief ᛫ N swātclāþ OE
sweater sƿeater ᛫ a jumper ᛫ N ~ NE
sweathole sƿeathole ᛫ a pore for releasing sweat ᛫ N ~ ANE
Sweave Sƿeaf ᛫ a Swabian ᛫ an Alamanni ᛫ N(P) Swǣfas OE
Sweaveland Sƿeafland ᛫ Swabia ᛫ Alamannia ᛫ Alemannia ᛫ N(P) Swǣfas+land OE+NE
Sweeland Sƿeeland ᛫ Sweden ᛫ N(P) Sweoland OE
sweer sƿeer ᛫ a pillar ᛫ a column ᛫ N swēor[swēor] ME
sweer sƿeer ᛫ a father-in-law ᛫ N swēor OE
Sweerich Sƿeeric ᛫ Sweden ( the state not the land ) ᛫ N(P) Sweorice OE
sweetbread sƿeetbread ᛫ a pancreas of an animal ᛫ a thymus gland of an animal ᛫ N ~ NE
sweeting sƿeeting ᛫ a sweet kind of apple ᛫ a darling ᛫ N ~ NE
sweets sƿeets ᛫ candy ᛫ N ~ NE
sweetsop sƿeetsop ᛫ the fruit of an Anonna squamosa tree ᛫ a sugarapple ᛫ N ~ NE
sweetwater sƿeetƿater ᛫ perfume ᛫ fragrance ᛫ N sweet-water NE
sweetwood sƿeetƿood ᛫ licorice / liquorice ᛫ a Glycyrrhiza glabra plant ᛫ N sweet+wood NE×2 calque: zoethout; Süßholz
sweeve sƿeef ᛫ to put to sleep ᛫ to make inactive ᛫ V swēven[swefen/swefn] ME
sweight sƿeigt ᛫ momentum ᛫ N sweight ME equal to: sway+th
swell sƿell ᛫ to swell ᛬ nice ᛬ well ᛫ V᛬AJ᛬AV ~ NE
swelt sƿelt ᛫ to die ᛫ to become overcome with emotion or heat or such ᛫ V ~ NE
swelter sƿelter ᛫ an uncomfortably hot atmosphere ᛬ to feel uncomfortably hot ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
sweltering sƿeltering ᛫ uncomfortably hot ᛫ AJ ~ NE
swench sƿenc ᛫ affliction ᛫ tribulation ᛫ distress ᛬ to afflict ᛫ to trouble ᛫ to distress ᛫ N᛬V swenc&swenchen[swencan] OE&ME
swere sƿere ᛫ heavy ᛫ grave ᛫ oppressive ᛫ V swēre[swǣr] ME
swerely sƿerely ᛫ heavily ᛫ grievously ᛫ oppressively ᛫ AV swǣrlīce OE
sweremood sƿeremood ᛫ of an indolent sluggish disposition ᛫ AJ swǣrmōd OE
swetch sƿec ᛫ a taste ᛫ a flavour ᛫ an odour, a scent, smell ᛫ an aroma ᛫ N swecc OE
swether sƿeþer ᛫ to retire ᛫ to withdraw ᛫ to abate ᛫ to subside ᛫ V sweþrian OE
swevel sƿefel ᛫ sulphur ᛫ sulfur ᛫ brimstone ᛫ N swefel[swefel] ME
swevelen sƿefelen ᛫ sulfurous ᛫ made of brimstone ᛫ AJ sweflene[sweflen] ME
sweven sƿefen ᛫ a vision ᛫ a dream ᛬ to dream ᛫ N sweven&swē̆venen NE&ME rhyme: seven
swevet sƿefet ᛫ sleep ᛫ N swevete[sweofot] ME
swey sƿey ᛫ a noise ᛫ a sound ᛬ to sound ᛫ to make noise ᛫ N᛬V swei&sweien[sweg/swegan] ME&ME or: sway
swike sƿike ᛫ deceit ᛫ treachery ᛫ betrayal ᛫ a betrayer ᛫ a cheater ᛬ to deceive ᛫ to betray ᛫ to cheat ᛫ to cease ᛫ to desist ᛫ N᛬V swike&swiken[swīcan] ME&ME PST: swoke {sƿoke} ᛫ PTCP: swicken {sƿicken}
swikedom sƿikedom ᛫ treason ᛫ treachery ᛫ betrayal ᛫ N swikedom ME
swikel sƿikel ᛫ treacherous ᛫ AJ swicol OE
swiker sƿiker ᛫ a traitor ᛫ a deceiver ᛫ N swīca OE
swill sƿill ᛫ low quality food or drink ᛬ to wash with water ᛫ N᛬V ~[swilian] NE
swime sƿime ᛫ an unconscious state ᛫ a faint ᛫ N swīme ME
swimel sƿimel ᛫ an anesthetic ᛫ N swīme+le ME+ME
swimmingly sƿimmingly ᛫ splendidly ᛫ to happen well and without serious problems ᛫ AV ~ NE
swin sƿin ᛫ a melody ᛫ N swinn OE
swind sƿind ᛫ to vanish ᛫ to disappear ᛫ to waste away ᛫ to perish ᛫ V swinden ME rhyme: find ᛫ PST & PTCP: swound (AS: sƿund)
swine sƿine ᛫ a pig ᛫ pigs ᛫ N ~ NE
swineflesh sƿineflesc ᛫ pork ᛫ N ~ NE
swineherd sƿineherd ᛫ a person who tends swine ᛫ N ~ NE
swinely sƿinely ᛫ porcine ᛫ AJ swīnlic OE
swinge sƿincg ᛫ authority ᛫ influence ᛫ power ᛫ rule ᛫ sway ᛫ licence ( as in artistic licence ) ᛫ impetus ( of motion but also figuratively ) ᛫ impulse ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
swingeing sƿincging ᛫ drastic ᛫ severe ᛫ extreme ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
swingle sƿingel ᛫ a scutch ( a flax beating tool ) ᛬ to beat with a swingle ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [LEX]
swinish sƿinisc ᛫ unpleasant ᛫ contemptible ᛫ pig-like ᛫ AJ ~ NE
swink sƿink ᛫ hard work ᛫ hard labour ᛫ toil ᛫ drudgery ᛬ to work hard ᛫ to labour hard ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE PST: swank ᛫ PTCP: swunk
swinker sƿinker ᛫ a toiler ᛫ a labourer ᛫ N ~ NE
swinkful sƿinkful ᛫ toilsome ᛫ laborious ᛫ AJ swincfull OE
swinse sƿins ᛫ to make melody or music ᛫ V swinsian OE same suffix as in "cleanse"
swinsing sƿinsing ᛫ melody making ᛫ N swinsung OE
swinsingcraft sƿinsingcraft ᛫ the art of making melodies or music ᛫ N swinsungcræft OE
swire sƿire ᛫ a neck ( of any kind ) ᛫ a vale ᛫ a valley ᛫ N swīre ME
swirebigh sƿirebige ᛫ a necklace N sweorbēah OE or: neckbigh
switchback sƿicback ᛫ a roller coaster ᛫ N ~ NE short for: switchback railway? ᛫ [LEX]
swith sƿiþ ᛫ swift ᛫ rapid ᛫ strong ᛫ excessive ᛫ great ᛬ swiftly ᛫ rapidly ᛫ strongly ᛫ very ᛫ AJ᛬AV swith&swīþ NE&OE although from "swīþ" the vowel seems to have shortened
swither sƿiþer ᛫ right ( direction ) ᛫ AJ swither ME
swither sƿiþer ᛫ more ᛫ greater ᛫ superior ᛫ AV swīþor OE swith+er
swithly sƿiþly ᛫ great ᛫ magnificent ᛫ intense ᛫ AJ swīþlīc OE
Switsish Sƿitsisc ᛫ Swiss ᛫ AJ(P) Switzer+ish NE×2
swive sƿife ᛫ to fuck ᛫ to copulate ᛫ to copulate with ᛫ to mate ᛫ to mate with ᛫ V ~ NE kin: swivel
swivel sƿifel ᛫ a rotation ᛬ to rotate ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
swizzle sƿisel ᛫ liquor ᛫ an alcoholic drink ᛫ N ~[switchel?] NE
swizzled sƿiseled ᛫ mixed ᛫ intoxicated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
swoom sƿoom ᛫ to become dark ᛫ V swāmian OE
swoon sƿoon ᛫ a swineherd ᛫ a swain ᛫ a peasant ᛫ a male servant ᛫ N swōn[swān] ME
swoon sƿoon ᛫ an instance of fainting ᛬ to faint ᛫ to be infatuated with something ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
swordbelt sƿordbelt ᛫ a baldric ᛫ N swordbelt ME
swordplay sƿordplay ᛫ fencing ᛫ N ~ NE
swot sƿot ᛫ vigorous study ᛬ to study vigorously ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE kin: "sweat" ᛫ [LEX]
swow sƿoƿ ᛫ one who faints ᛬ to faint ᛫ to swoon ᛫ N᛬V swǒuen ME rhyme: glow
swy sƿy ᛫ silence ᛬ to be silent ᛫ to become silent ᛫ N᛬V swiȝe&swige&swigian ME&OE&OE
sye ᛫ victory ᛫ N siȝe/sy[sige] ME found in placenames like "Kinsye"
sye ᛫ to drip ᛫ to strain ᛫ to sift ᛫ to purify ᛫ V sye&sīen NE&ME
sye ᛫ to descend ᛫ V sye&sien NE&ME
syefast ᛫ victorious ᛫ triumphant ᛫ AJ sigefæst OE
syekin ᛫ the Seraphim ᛫ N sigorcynn OE
syeless ᛫ without victory ᛫ defeated ᛫ AJ sigelēas OE
syely ᛫ victorious ᛫ AJ sigelīc OE
syereeth syereeþ ᛫ triumph ᛫ N sigehrēþ OE
syereethy syereeþy ᛫ triumphant ᛫ AJ sigehreþig OE
Sypress ᛫ Cyprus ᛫ N(P) Sypresse ME‹H
Tahoe Mere ᛫ Lake Tahoe ᛫ N(P) Tahoe+mere NE‹O+NE
tailbone ᛫ a coccyx ᛫ N ~ NE
takeover takeofer ᛫ a commandeering ᛫ a transfer of power ᛫ N ~ NE or: nimover (de-Norsed)
tale ᛫ a story ᛫ a number ᛫ a total ᛫ a tally ᛫ N ~ NE
talecraft ᛫ arithmetic ᛫ N tælcræft OE
talemark ᛫ a date ( in the meaning related to time ) ᛫ N tælmearc OE
talemete ᛫ a measure expressed by number ᛫ N tælmet OE
talesome talesum ᛫ numerous ᛫ AJ tælsum OE
taleteller ᛫ a storyteller ᛫ N ~ NE
talewise taleƿise ᛫ talkative ᛫ tale-telling ᛫ gossipy ᛫ loquacious ᛫ garrulous ᛫ AJ ~ ANE
talking book ᛫ an audio book ᛫ N ~ NE
tallow talloƿ ᛫ dye ᛫ hard fat or lard ᛬ to dye ᛫ N᛬V tallow&telg&telgian NE&OE&OE
talt ᛫ unstable ᛫ evanescent ᛫ transitory ᛫ AJ tealte[tealt] ME
talter ᛫ to shake ᛫ to totter ᛫ to stagger ᛫ to be unsteady ᛫ to be in an uncertain or a precarious condition ᛫ V tealtrian OE
tame ᛫ to subdue ᛫ to domesticate ᛫ to cultivate ᛬ subdued ᛫ domesticated ᛫ cultivated ᛫ tractable ᛫ V᛬AJ tame&tāme[OE tam] NE&ME
Tanganyika Mere ᛫ Lake Tanganyika ᛫ N(P) Tanganyika+mere NE‹O+NE
tap ᛫ a faucet ᛫ a spigot ᛫ N ~ NE
tap ᛫ to draw liquid from a container ᛫ to exploit a resource or market ᛫ V ~ NE
tape ᛫ a videocassete ᛫ a cassette ᛫ a video ᛫ N ~ NE
taper ᛫ a candle ᛫ a slender candle ᛫ a gradual narrowing or decline ᛫ N tapor/taper/tapur/teaper OE
taphouse taphuse ᛫ a bar ᛫ a place where alcoholic drinks are sold ᛫ N ~ NE
tapper ᛫ a barkeep ᛫ N ~ NE
taproom ᛫ a barroom ᛫ N ~ NE
tapster ᛫ a person who draws and serves alcoholic drinks at a bar ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
tar ᛫ tar ᛫ resin ᛫ gum ᛫ N teoru OE
tare ᛫ a Vicia plant ( vetch plants ) ᛫ N ~ NE
tarn ᛫ a steep banked mountain lake or pool ᛫ N ~{tjörn} NE‹N?
tarrow tarroƿ ᛫ a small shield ᛫ N targe OE
Tarse ᛫ Tharsia ( roughly Turkestan , Transoxiana ) ᛫ N Tarse ME‹I?
tarse ᛫ the penis ᛫ N ~[teors] NE [LEX]
tart ᛫ pungent sour or acidic ᛫ or sharp of taste ᛫ AJ ~[tart][teart] NE
tartree ᛫ a Eucalyptus plant ᛫ N gum tree NE
tavel tafel ᛫ a gaming table ᛫ a boardgame ᛫ a die for gaming ? ᛫ N tæfl OE‹I kin: table (Latin); tafl (Icelandic)
taw taƿ ᛫ to prepare material ᛫ V taw&tawian NE&OE in Modern English this word only refers to tanning
teach teac ᛫ to educate ᛫ to indoctrinate ᛫ to instruct ᛫ to school ᛫ to train another ᛫ to tutor ᛫ V ~ NE
teaching teacing ᛫ a doctrine ᛫ that which is taught ᛫ N tǣcing OE
teaken ᛫ to present ᛫ V tǣcnan OE kin: token
teal ᛫ dark cyan ᛫ cyan [ᚹ] ᛫ turquoise [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE this word's definition has been widening to include all cyan and turquoise, not just dark shades of cyan
team ᛫ a line ( often of animals ) ᛫ a line of descendants ᛫ offspring ᛫ a group who work towards the same goal ᛫ N team&tēam NE&OE
teamwork teamƿork ᛫ collaboration ᛫ N team+work NEx2
tearbone ᛫ a lacrimal bone ᛫ N tear+bone NE×2 calque: traanbeen; Tränenbein
tee ᛫ to extract ᛫ to tug ᛫ to convey ᛫ to train another ᛫ V tēn&atēon ME&OE
teel ᛫ mocking speech ᛫ ridiculing speech ᛬ to mock ᛫ to ridicule ᛫ N᛬V tēl/tēlen[tǣl/tǣlan] ME
teeler ᛫ a mocker ᛫ a ridiculer ᛫ N tǣlere OE
teelworthy teelƿorþy ᛫ blasphemous ᛫ calumnious ᛫ reprehensible ᛫ AJ tǣlwirþe OE
teely ᛫ blasphemous ᛫ calumnious ᛫ reprehensible ᛫ AJ tǣllīc OE
teem ᛫ to be prolific ᛫ to abound ᛫ to bring forth offspring ᛫ V teem&tīman NE
teeming ᛫ abundantly filled ( esp with creatures ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
teen ᛫ vexation ᛬ to vex ᛫ to irritate ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
teenful ᛫ troublesome ᛫ harmful ᛫ painful ᛫ full of suffering ᛫ AJ ~ NE
teenle teenel ᛫ a wicker basket ᛫ N tēnel[tǣnel] ME
teethstraightening teeþstraigtening ᛫ orthodontics ᛫ N teeth+straightening NE×2
teigh teig ᛫ to intend ᛫ to suppose ᛫ V teohhian OE analogy: lēhtūn to leighton
tell ᛫ to count ( to tally ) ᛫ to recount ᛫ to enumerate ᛫ to pass information ᛫ V tell&tellen[tellan] NE&ME could this word mean count as in " to qualify "?
tellall ᛫ a book or account in which everything is revealed ᛫ an exposé ᛫ N tell-all NE [OED]
teller ᛫ a counter (such as a bank teller ) ᛫ N ~ NE
temse ᛫ to sift ᛫ to strain ᛫ to sieve ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
tend ᛫ to kindle ᛫ to ignite ᛫ to incite ᛫ to arouse ( lust anger etc ) ᛫ to inspire ᛫ V tē̆nden ME
tenfold ᛫ decuple ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
tenpenny ᛫ a dime [ᚹ] ᛬ ten cents ᛫ ten pence ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
tensome tensum ᛫ a decet ᛫ a decad ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
termen ᛫ a term ᛫ N termen OE‹I
tern ᛫ a Sternidae bird ᛫ N ~ NE‹N [LEX]
tetter ᛫ any skin condition characterized by a herpetiform rash and itching ᛫ eczema ᛫ psoriasis ᛫ herpes ᛫ impetigo ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
tetterberry ᛫ a Bryonia plant ( bryony ) ᛫ N tetter-berry NE [OED]
tetterwort tetterƿurt ᛫ a Chelidonium majus plant ( greater celandine ) ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
tevel tefel ᛫ to gamble ᛫ V tevelen&tæflan ME&OE
tew teƿ ᛫ equipment ᛫ gear ᛫ instruments ᛫ N tew{getawa} ME kin: taw?
th þ ᛫ -ity ( abstract nominal suffix ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE becomes: -t after fricatives like /f/ ‹f› and /x/ ‹gh›?
thack þack ᛫ to pat ᛫ to dab ᛫ V thakken[þaccian] ME
thackboard þackboard ᛫ a wooden roofing tile ᛫ a shingle ᛫ N thakborde ME
thacktile þacktile ᛫ a roofing tile ᛫ N thack tile NE
thane þane ᛫ a lesser noble ᛫ a retainer ᛫ a vassal ᛫ a servant ᛬ to serve ᛫ to minister ᛫ N᛬V thein&theinen ME&ME or: thain / þain
thanedom þanedom ᛫ a barony ᛫ N ~ NE
thanen þanen ᛫ a female thane ᛫ a baroness ᛫ N þīnen OE
thaning þaning ᛫ service ᛫ a service ᛫ a ministry ᛫ ministry ᛫ a ministration ᛫ N theinung ME
thank þank ᛫ thinking ᛫ thought ᛫ a thought ᛫ an idea ᛫ N thank[þanc]&ithank[geþanc] ME
thankful þankful ᛫ grateful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thankfulness þankfulness ᛫ gratitude ᛫ N ~ NE
thankle þankel ᛫ mindful ᛫ thoughtful ᛫ considerate ᛫ AJ geþancol OE
thanks þanks ᛫ gratitude ᛫ an expression of gratitude ᛫ N ~ NE
thanksgive þanksgif ᛫ to give or dedicate in token of thanks ᛫ V ~ NE de-Norsed: thanksyeaf/þanksgeef
thanksgiving þanksgifing ᛫ an expression of gratitude ᛫ N ~ NE de-Norsed: thanksyeafing/þanksgeefing
thar þar ᛫ to be necessary ᛫ to be required ᛫ to be obligatory ᛫ to be mandatory ᛫ to need ᛫ to require ᛫ V thurven/thar[þearfan] ME PST: thurt ᛫ see note for wider definition ᛫ "A doghtyar knyght þar not be In batell for to stryke."
tharf þarf ᛫ unleavened ᛫ uncontaminated ᛫ AJ therf[þeorf] ME
tharf þarf ᛫ a need ᛫ a requirement ᛫ a necessity ᛫ an obligation ᛬ needy ᛫ indigent ᛫ N᛬AJ tharf&tharf ME&ME
tharm þarm ᛫ an organ ( of a body) ᛫ an intestine ᛫ an entrail ᛫ a gut N tharm ME
thasledge þaslecg ᛫ to agree ᛫ to accord ᛫ to fit ᛫ V þæslǣcan OE
thasly þasly ᛫ suitable ᛫ appropriate ᛫ seemly ᛫ comely ᛫ elegant ᛫ harmonious ᛬ suitably ᛫ appropriately ᛫ elegantly ᛫ harmoniously ᛫ AJ᛬AV thaslī&þæslīc ME&OE
that þat ᛫ the letter eth ( Ð ð ) ᛫ N þet ME
thatch þac ᛫ a roof of straw or reeds or such ᛫ material for a thatch ᛬ to cover with thatch ᛫ V thatch[thach][þeccean] NE&OE
thaught þaugt ᛫ a counsel ᛬ to take counsel ᛫ to consult ᛫ N þeaht&þeahtian OE&OE
thaughter þaugter ᛫ a counsellor ᛫ N þeahtere OE
thaughting þaugting ᛫ counsel ᛫ consultation ᛫ deliberation ᛫ agreement ᛫ concilium ᛫ consensus ᛫ N geþeahting OE
thave þafe ᛫ to consent ᛫ to assent to ᛫ put up with ᛫ to tolerate ᛫ to permit ᛫ V thaven ME
thaveless þafeless ᛫ ineffectual ᛫ feeble ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thaver þafer ᛫ a favourer ᛫ a supporter ᛫ a consenter ᛫ N geþafa OE
thavesome þafesum ᛫ consenting ᛫ tolerating ᛫ AJ geþafsum OE
thaving þafing ᛫ consent ᛫ toleration ᛫ permission ᛫ N þafung OE
the all þe ᛫ the universe ᛫ the cosmos ᛫ the macrocosm ᛫ N᛬ ~ NE
the anward þe anƿard ᛫ the present [ᚹ] ᛫ N andweard OE
the bends þe ᛫ decompression sickness ᛫ N ~ NE
the Black Sea þe ᛫ the sea known to the Romans as Pontus ᛫ N ~ NE
the British Sea Britisc ᛫ the English Channel ᛫ N Brittish se ME
the clap þe ᛫ Gonorrhea ᛫ N ~ NE
the Dernwrits þe Dernƿrits ᛫ the Apocrypha ᛫ N(P) dirngewritu OE
the Dog Star þe ᛫ Sirius ᛫ N ~ NE
the east þe ᛫ the Orient ᛫ N ~ NE
the East Sea þe ᛫ the Baltic ᛫ N(P) ōstsæ[ēst mere] OE kin: Oostzee (Dutch)
the endtime þe ᛫ apocalypse ᛫ Armageddon ᛫ N ~ NE or: the endtimes
The Fareld Þe ᛫ The Passover ᛫ Pesach ᛫ N(P) færeld OE
the Faroe Islands þe Ilands ᛫ the Faroe Islands ᛫ N(P) Faroe Islands NE
the Fish þe Fisc ᛫ Pisces ᛫ N(P) þe Fisshe/the Fysschys ME or: The Fishes
the Folkwandering Eld þe Folkƿandering ᛫ the Migration Period ᛫ N folk+wander+ing+eld NE×4 calque: Völkerwanderung
the forthwitten þe forþƿitten ᛫ the past [ᚹ] ᛫ N forthwiten[forþgewiten] ME
the Great Dying þe ᛫ the Permian–Triassic extinction event ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
the Great Eastern Sea þe ᛫ the Pacific Ocean ᛫ N(P) great+eastern+sea NE×3 or: the Great Frithful Sea; the Great Frith Sea
the Great Indish Sea þe Indisc ᛫ the Indian Ocean ᛫ N(P) great+Ī̆ndish+sea NE×3
the Great Northern Sea þe Norþern ᛫ the Arctic Ocean ᛫ N(P) great+northern+sea NE×3
the Great Southern Sea þe Suþern ᛫ the Antarctic Ocean ᛫ N(P) great+southern+sea NE×3
the Great Western Sea þe Ƿestern ᛫ the Atlantic Ocean ᛫ N(P) great+western+sea NE×3 calque: Great Western Ocean ᛫ or: the Great Atlantish Sea
the Healend þe ᛫ a title of Jesus ( analyzable as " the healing one " ) ᛫ N(P) Hēlend[hǣlend] ME /hilɛnd/ or /hɛlɛnd/ or /hɛlnd/?
the Holy Ghost þe Goast ᛫ the Holy Spirit ᛫ N ~ NE
the Hurling Time þe ᛫ the Peasants' Revolt ( of 1381 ) ᛫ Wat Tyler's Rebellion ᛫ N(P) the hurlyng tyme ME
the Island of Man þe Iland ᛫ the Isle of Man ᛫ N(P) iland+of+man NE×3 or: Man
the itch þe icc ᛫ scabies ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
the Morningstar þe ᛫ planet Venus ᛫ N ~ NE
the net þe ᛫ the internet ᛫ N ~ NE
the Netherlands þe Neþerlands ᛫ the Netherlands ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
the Nornish Sea Nornisc ᛫ the Norwegian Sea ᛫ N(P) norenish+sea ME+NE calque: Norwegian Sea
the North Star þe Norþ ᛫ the Pole Star ᛫ Polaris ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
the Orchard of Liking Orceard ᛫ the Garden of Eden ᛫ N(P) Orchard of Liking ME
the other way about abute ᛫ vice versa ᛫ N ~ NE
the Quidbook Cƿidbook ᛫ the Book of Proverbs ( Míshlê Shlomoh ) ᛫ N cwidbōc OE
the Red Sea þe ᛫ the sea between Arabia and Africa ᛫ N ~ NE
the Shapend þe Scapend ᛫ the Creator ᛫ N sceoppend OE unrealistic/fanciful
the shaper þe scaper ᛫ the creator of the universe ᛫ N shaper&shāper NE&ME
the Shipstar þe Scipstar ᛫ Polaris ᛫ N(P) scipsteorra OE
the South Sea Suþe ᛫ the English Channel ᛫ N(P) sǒuthsē[suþsæ] ME
the sticks þe ᛫ a rural place ᛫ a countryside ᛫ N ~ NE
the Stony Barrows þe Barroƿs ᛫ the Rocky Mountains ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
the Tems þe ᛫ the Thames ᛫ N(P) Temese/Temze ME
The Tocome Þe Tocum ᛫ The Advent ᛫ N(P) tōcyme OE
the toward þe toƿard ᛫ future [ᚹ] ᛫ N toward&tōweard NE&OE
the web þe ƿeb ᛫ the internet ᛫ the World Wide Web ᛫ N ~ NE
the Welsh Sea þe Ƿelsc ᛫ the Celtic Sea ᛫ N(P) Welsh+sea NE×2 calque: Celtic Sea
the West þe Ƿest ᛫ the Occident ᛫ N ~ NE
the White Sea Hƿite ᛫ the sea between the Kola Peninsula and the rest of Russia ᛫ N ~ NE
the Yellow Sea þe Yelloƿ ᛫ the sea between Korea and China ᛫ N ~ NE
thearl þearl ᛫ greatly ᛫ vigorously ᛫ harshly ᛫ severely ᛫ sorely ᛫ AV thearle&þearle ME&OE
theavethorn þeafþorn ᛫ any of several types of prickly shrubs ᛫ a thornbush ᛫ a fruit or berry bearing thornbush ᛫ a gooseberry plant ᛫ a blackberry plants ᛫ N thẹ̄vethorn ME
thechen þecen ᛫ a torch ᛫ N thechene{þæcele} ME
thee þee ᛫ you ( accusative case ) ᛫ N(PRO) ~[þē] NE
thee þee ᛫ to prosper ᛫ to thrive ᛫ to flourish ᛫ V ~[þēon] NE
theed þeed ᛫ a nation ᛫ a tribe ᛫ a clan ᛫ N thede ANE
theed þeed ᛫ to connect ᛫ to adhere ᛫ to associate ᛫ to join ᛫ to attach ᛫ V iþeoden&geþēodan/þēodan ME&OE
theed þeed ᛫ national- ᛫ public- ᛫ PREFIX þēod OE
theedbale þeedbale ᛫ a national disaster ᛫ N þēodbealu OE
theeden þeeden ᛫ a leader of a people ᛫ a chieftain ᛫ N þēoden OE
theedenhold þeedenhold ᛫ faithful to a lord ᛫ AJ þēodenhold OE
theedfeend þeedfeend ᛫ a public enemy ᛫ N þēodfēond OE
theedheer þeedheer ᛫ a national army ᛫ N þēodhere OE
theedhood þeedhood ᛫ nationality ᛫ N ~ NE×2
theedish þeedisc ᛫ national ᛫ AJ þeodisce[þēodisc] ME some use " Theedish " to mean " Germanic "
theedland þeedland ᛫ territory ᛫ a territory ᛫ N þēodland OE
theedledge þeedlecg ᛫ to nationalize ᛫ V thede+lǣcan NE+OE
theedlove þeedluf ᛫ patriotism ᛫ N thede+love ME+NE
theedly þeedly ᛫ gentile ᛫ AJ þēodlīc OE
theedness þeedness ᛫ conjugation ᛫ a conjunction ᛫ N geþēodnes OE from Ælfric's Grammar
theedom þeedom ᛫ activity ᛫ vigor ᛫ industry ᛫ N thẹ̄dọ̄m ME
theedship þeedscip ᛫ a people ᛫ a fellowship ᛫ a nationality ᛫ N þēodscipe OE
theedwit þeedƿit ᛫ a senator ᛫ N þēodwita OE
theefshoal þeefscoal ᛫ a band of thieves ᛫ N þēofscolu OE
theenest þeenest ᛫ service ᛫ N þēnest OE
theet þeet ᛫ a pipe ᛫ a tube ᛫ a channel for liquids ᛫ N thēote&þēote{wæterþēote} ME&OE
theet þeet ᛫ to howl like a wolf ᛫ V thēoten&þēotan ME&OE
theft þeft ᛫ thievery ᛫ N ~ NE
then þen ᛫ to extend ᛫ V thinnen&þennan ME&OE
thence þens ᛫ from that place ᛫ AV ~ NE
thenceforth þensforþ ᛫ from there on out ᛫ from then on ᛫ AV ~ NE
thengle þengel ᛫ a prince ᛫ N þengel OE kin: þengill (Norse)
ther þer ᛫ -trum ᛫ -tron ᛫ ( shows a noun is a tool or instrument ) ᛫ SUFFIX þor/dor OE found in: lather; rudder
thereby þereby ᛫ by this means ᛫ as a result of that ᛫ AV ~ NE
therewhile þerehƿile ᛫ meanwhile ᛫ AV thē̆rwhīle ME "mean" in "meanwhile" is foreign
therewith þereƿiþ ᛫ in addition ᛫ AV ~ NE
thern þern ᛫ a young woman ᛫ a girl ᛫ a female servant ᛫ a handmaid ᛫ N therne ME
thester þester ᛫ darkness ᛬ dark ᛫ without light or happiness ᛫ N᛬AJ thester OE
thew þeƿ ᛫ a bondsman ᛫ a servant ᛫ a slave ᛬ to serve ᛫ N᛬V thew&theuien[þēow] NE&ME
thew þeƿ ᛫ conduct ᛫ manners ᛫ a moral character ᛫ a virtue ᛫ a vice ᛫ muscle ᛬ to discipline ᛫ N᛬V thew&theuen&þēaw NE&ME&OE good thew = virtue, bad thew = vice
thewborn þeƿborn ᛫ born into servitude ᛫ AJ theuborne ME
thewdom þeƿdom ᛫ servitude ᛫ serfdom ᛫ slavery ᛫ a state of bondage ᛫ N theudom ME
thewen þeƿen ᛫ a bondswoman ᛫ a female servant ᛫ a slave woman ᛫ N þēowen OE
thewet þeƿet ᛫ slavery ᛫ servitude ᛫ bondage ᛫ N þeowet OE
thewfast þeƿfast ᛫ virtuous ᛫ moral ᛫ well mannered ᛫ AJ þēawfæst OE
thewfastness þeƿfastness ᛫ adherence to moral or expected behaviour ᛫ etiquette ᛫ N þēawfæstness OE
thewish þeƿisc ᛫ servile ᛫ AJ thew+ish ME+NE
thewy þeƿy ᛫ muscular ᛫ brawny ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thicket þicket ᛫ a dense group of bushes or trees ᛫ N ~[thiccet] NE
thickness þickness ᛫ one of the three dimensions of a solid object , front to back ᛫ a diameter ᛫ viscosity ᛫ N ~ NE
thie þie ᛫ to ingest ᛫ to drink ᛫ to consume ᛫ to beg for food ᛫ to beg ᛫ to plead ᛫ to implore ᛫ V thiggen[þicgan] ME
thiefdom þeefdom ᛫ kleptocracy ᛫ N thief+dom NE×2
thieve þeef ᛫ to steal ᛫ V ~ NE
thiften þiften ᛫ a handmaiden ᛫ a female servant ᛫ N thuften/thiften[þyften] ME
thighbone þigebone ᛫ a femur ᛫ N ~ NE
thild þild ᛫ patience ᛫ N þīld ME rhyme: wild
thildy þildy ᛫ patient ᛫ AJ geþyldig OE
Thile Þile ᛫ mythical land of Thule ᛫ N þȳle OE
thilk þilk ᛫ that same ᛫ the very thing ᛫ N(PRO) ~ NE
thill þill ᛫ an orator ᛫ a spokesman ᛫ N þyle OE
thill þill ᛫ a plank ᛫ boarding ᛬ to plank ᛫ to lay boards ᛫ N þille&þilian OE&OE
thillcraft þillcraft ᛫ elocution ᛫ rhetoric ᛫ N þylcræft OE
thilling þilling ᛫ plank flooring ᛫ boarding ᛫ a deck of a ship ᛫ N þiling OE
thind þind ᛫ to swell ᛫ to swell with pride ᛫ V þindan OE
thine þine ᛫ yours ᛫ your ( when before a vowel sound ) ᛫ N(PRO) ~ NE
thing þing ᛫ to plea ᛫ to plead ᛫ to advocate ᛫ to intercede ᛫ to make terms ᛫ settle a legal issue ᛫ V thingen ME
thinger þinger ᛫ an advocate ᛫ an intercessor ᛫ a pleader ᛫ N þingere{þingestre} OE
thingstead þingstead ᛫ an assembly place ᛫ a forum ᛫ N thingstead NE
think þink ᛫ to deduce ᛫ to meditate ᛫ to ponder ᛫ to ruminate ᛫ V ~ NE&ME
think of þink of ᛫ to imagine [ᛏ] ᛫ to conceive of [ᛏ] ᛫ to picture ( in one's mind ) ᛫ to keep in mind [ᛏ] ᛫ to be concerned for [ᛏ] ᛫ V ~ NE
think on þink on ᛫ to contemplate [ᛏ] ᛫ to consider ( an option ) [ᛏ] ᛫ to put thought into [ᛏ] ᛫ V ~ NE
think over þink ofer ᛫ to consider ( an option ) [ᛏ] ᛫ to put thought into [ᛏ] ᛫ V ~ NE
think through þink þruge ᛫ to put a satisfactory amount of thought into [ᛏ] ᛫ V ~ NE
think up þink up ᛫ to invent ᛫ V ~ NE
thinker þinker ᛫ an intellectual ᛫ N ~ NE
thir þir ᛫ dry ᛫ arid ᛫ AJ þyrre OE
third þird ᛫ a tierce ᛫ a tirza ᛫ a trichord ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
third hoad þird hoad ᛫ third person N þridda hād OE from Ælfric's Grammar
thirl þirl ᛫ a hole ᛬ to pierce ᛫ to penetrate ᛫ to drill ᛫ to bore ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE becomes: tril in compounds
thirst þirst ᛫ a strong desire ( esp for drink ) ᛬ to desire ( esp drink ) ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
thirsty þirsty ᛫ avid ᛫ parched ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thirth þirþ ᛫ power ᛫ vigour ᛫ rigour ᛫ N thirth[þrȳþ] ME
thither þiþer ᛫ to that place ᛫ AV ~ NE
thitherto þiþerto ᛫ up to that time ᛫ until then ᛫ AV ~ NE
thixel þixel ᛫ a pole ᛫ a beam ᛫ N þīxl OE
thode þode ᛫ a strong wind ᛫ a violent wind ᛫ a whirlwind ᛫ a gale ᛫ N ~{þoden} NE
thoft þoft ᛫ a rowing bench ᛫ N ~[þoft] NE
thoft þoft ᛫ an ally ᛫ an associate ᛫ a fellow ᛫ a comrade ᛫ N geþofta OE
thoft þoft ᛫ to associate ᛫ to ally with ᛫ V geþoftian OE
thoftship þoftscip ᛫ a fellowship ᛫ an alliance [ᚹ] ᛫ N þoftscipe OE
thole þole ᛫ to endure ( to suffer through ) ᛫ V ~ NE
tholemood þolemood ᛫ patient ᛫ AJ thōlemọ̄d[þolemōd] ME
tholemoodness þolemoodness ᛫ patience ᛫ N thōlemọ̄dnes ME
tholesome þolesum ᛫ patient ᛫ AJ thole+some NE×2
thone þone ᛫ to moisten ᛬ moist ᛫ V᛬AJ þān&þānian OE&OE or: thoan
thong þong ᛫ a strip of leather or fabric ᛫ a g-string ᛫ N ~ NE
thorn þorn ᛫ an annoyance ᛫ a discomfort ᛫ N ~ NE
thorn þorn ᛫ the letter thorn ( Þ þ ) ᛫ N ~ NE
thorny þorny ᛫ annoying ᛫ uncomfortable ᛫ problematic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thorny anteater þorny ᛫ an echidna ᛫ N spiny anteater NE
thorough þoroug ᛫ complete ᛫ detailed ᛫ more than adequate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thoroughbred þorougbred ᛫ a purebred horse ᛫ a well-bred person ᛫ an athletic person ᛬ purebred ᛫ well-bred ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
thoroughfare þorougfare ᛫ a route ᛫ a main road in a town ᛫ N ~ NE
thoroughgoing þorouggoing ᛫ complete ᛫ thorough ᛫ with great attention to detail ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thoroughlight þorougligt ᛫ a light that passes through ᛫ N ~ NE
thoroughlights þorougligts ᛫ windows on opposite sides of a room ᛫ N ~ NE
thoroughly þorougly ᛫ extensively ᛫ completely ᛫ AV ~ NE
thoroughsped þorougsped ᛫ fully accomplished ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thorp þorp ᛫ a village ᛫ a hamlet ᛫ N ~[thorp][þorp] NE reinforced by Old Norse
thorpsman þorpsman ᛫ a villager ᛫ N ~ NE
thost þost ᛫ dung ᛫ manure ᛫ excrement ᛫ faeces ᛫ poop ᛫ crap ᛫ shit ᛫ N ~ NE
thother þoþer ᛫ a sphere ᛫ a globe [ᚹ] ᛫ N þōþer OE brōþer>brother ᛫ rhyme: brother
thou þu ᛫ you ( nominative ) ᛫ N(PRO) ~ NE
though þuge ᛫ clay ᛫ N þōhe OE rhyme: plough?
thought out þougt ute ᛫ planned ᛫ premeditated ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thoughtache þougtake ᛫ angst ᛫ existential dread ᛫ cognitive dissonance ᛫ N thoughtache NE rare word
thoughtfand þougtfand ᛫ a thought experiment ᛫ N thought+fand NE+ME
thoughtful þougtful ᛫ considerate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thoughtless þougtless ᛫ inconsiderate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thoughtline þougtline ᛫ a train of thought ᛫ a line of intellectual development ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
thoughtworld þougtƿorld ᛫ a worldview ᛫ a weltanschauung ᛫ N thought-world NE [OED]
thousand thousand þusand ᛫ a million ᛫ N þusend þusend OE
thousandlegs þusandlegs ᛫ a millipede ᛫ N thousand-legs NE‹(E+N) or: thousandshanks
thove þofe ᛫ tufted ᛫ bushy ᛫ tufty ᛫ leafy ᛫ AJ thūfe&þūfe ME&OE rhyme: shove?
Thrace Þrase ᛫ Thrace ᛫ N(P) ~[Thrācia] NE‹O
thrake þrake ᛫ power ᛫ force ᛫ N þracu{threken} OE
thrakefield þrakefeeld ᛫ a force field ᛫ N thrake+field NE×2
thrall þrall ᛫ slave ᛫ N ~ NE‹N
thralldom þralldom ᛫ subjugation ᛫ slavery ᛫ bondage ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E)
thrave þrafe ᛫ to urge ᛫ to reprove ᛫ to rebuke ᛫ V þrafian OE
thrax þrax ᛫ caries ( the rot of bone and teeth ) ᛫ N þreax OE
thray þray ᛫ to rebuke ᛫ to reproach ᛫ to chastise ᛫ V thraien[þrēagan] ME
threa þrea ᛫ a punishment ᛫ punishment ᛫ an infliction ᛫ N þrēa{thrē?} OE
threadbare þreadbare ᛫ shabby ᛫ frayed ᛫ unoriginal ᛫ bland ᛫ cliche ᛫ banal ᛫ trite ᛫ AJ ~ NE
threaden þreaden ᛫ textile ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thred þred ᛫ to deliberate ᛫ V þreodian OE
threding þreding ᛫ deliberation ᛫ N þreodung OE
threeawn þreeaƿn ᛫ an Aristida plant ᛫ N ~ NE
threedealed þreedealed ᛫ having three parts ᛫ tripartite ᛫ AJ þridǣled OE
threefold þreefold ᛫ triple ᛫ having three parts ᛬ triply ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
threehead þreehead ᛫ the triceps ᛫ N þrihēafdede OE
threehirn þreehirn ᛫ a triangle ᛫ N þrihyrne OE
threehirned þreehirned ᛫ triangular ᛫ AJ þrihyrnede OE
threeling þreeling ᛫ a triplet ᛫ N three+ling NE+NE calque: drieling; Drilling
threeness þreeness ᛫ trinity ᛫ trinality ᛫ triplicity ᛫ triformity ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
threep þreep ᛫ an altercation ᛫ a quarrel ᛫ an argument ᛫ contention ᛬ to quarrel ᛫ to argue ᛫ to contend ᛫ N᛬V þrēpe[þrēap]&þrēpen ME&ME
threesheet þreesceet ᛫ triangular ᛫ three-cornered ᛫ AJ þriscīte{shēte} OE
threeside þreeside ᛫ a triangle ᛫ N ~ NE
threesided þreesided ᛫ triangular ᛫ AJ ~ NE
threesome þreesum ᛫ a trio ᛫ a triad ᛫ a ménage à trois ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
threewheeler þreehƿeeler ᛫ any three-wheeled vehicle ᛫ a tricyle ᛫ a tuk-tuk ᛫ a rickshaw ᛫ an auto-rickshaw ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
thresh þresc ᛫ to move violently ᛫ to thrash ᛫ V ~ NE
threshold þrescold ᛫ the bottom of a doorway ᛫ a limit before something happens ᛫ N ~ NE
threst þrest ᛫ to press ᛫ to press together ᛫ to apply downward pressure ᛫ to pressure [ᚹ] ᛫ V ithrē̆sten[geþrǣstan] ME
thriddendeal þriddendeal ᛫ a unit of liquid measure , often equivalent to one-third of a gallon ᛫ N thridden-dē̆l ME
thrift þrift ᛫ prudence of money or resources ᛫ N ~ NE
thrifty þrifty ᛫ prudent with money or resources ᛫ AJ ~ NE
thril þril ᛫ a hole ᛫ an opening ᛫ an aperture ᛫ N ~ NE
thrilap þrilap ᛫ a trilobite ᛫ N thri+lap NE×2
thrileaf þrileaf ᛫ a trefoil ᛫ N þrilēafe OE
thrill þrill ᛫ a trembling from emotion ᛫ a cause of sudden excitement ᛬ to suddenly excite ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
thrilly þrilly ᛫ exciting ᛫ producing a thrill ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Thrimilk Þrimilk ᛫ May ᛫ N(P) þrimilce OE or: thirmilk (by analogy with thirteen)
thrin þrin ᛫ a triplet ᛫ N thrin NE [OED]
thriness þriness ᛫ a trinity ᛫ the Holy Trinity ᛫ N thrinnes[þrinness] ME
thring þring ᛫ to press ᛫ to push ᛫ to crowd ᛫ V ~ NE PST: thrang ᛫ PTCP: thrung
thringing þringing ᛫ urgent ᛫ pressing ᛫ pressure ᛫ AJ thring+ing ME+NE
thrinter þrinter ᛫ a three-year-old animal ᛫ something three years old [ᚹ] ᛫ N thrintǒur[þriwintre] ME equal to: three + winter
thrist þrist ᛫ courageous ᛫ audacious ᛫ presumptuous ᛫ bold ᛫ rash ᛫ AJ thrīst[þrīst] ME rhyme: Christ
thristledge þristlecg ᛫ to become presumptuous ᛫ to presume ᛫ V þrīstlǣcan OE
thrithe þriþe ᛫ forces ( as in armies ) ᛫ N thrith&þrȳþ ME&OE "the word seems to occur only in the plural"
thritheful þriþeful ᛫ mighty ᛫ powerful ᛫ strong ᛫ AJ þrȳþfull OE
thritongued þritunged ᛫ trilingual ᛫ AJ thri+tongue+ed NE×3
thrive þrife ᛫ to flourish ᛫ to prosper ᛫ to grow ᛫ to be successful over a relatively long period ᛫ V ~ NE
throatball þroatball ᛫ an Adam's apple ᛫ N thrōtebolle ME
throattongue þroattung ᛫ a uvula ᛫ N tunge in the throte ME [OED] ᛫ rearranged bc the original is quite unwieldy
throatwort þroatƿurt ᛫ a Campanula trachelium plant ᛫ N ~ NE
throe þroe ᛫ a pang ᛫ a spasm ᛬ to suffer ᛫ to pain ᛫ to suffer martyrdom ᛫ N᛬V throe&þrowian NE&OE
Throeingtide Þroeingtide ᛫ Passiontide ᛫ N þrowingtīd OE
throendly þroendly ᛫ passive ( grammatical term ) ᛫ AJ þrowigendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
throer þroer ᛫ a sufferer ᛫ a martyr ᛫ N þrowere OE
throng þrong ᛫ a crowd ᛫ N ~ NE
throngfear þrongfear ᛫ agoraphobia ᛫ N throng+fear NE×2
throsomy þrosomy ᛫ smoky ᛫ vaporous ᛫ AJ þrosmig OE
throssom þrossom ᛫ smoke ᛫ vapor ᛫ N þrosm OE
throstle þrostel ᛫ a Turdus philomelos bird ᛫ N ~ NE
throttle þrottel ᛫ a throat ᛫ a larynx ᛫ a throttle-valve ᛫ a throttle-control ᛬ to choke ᛫ to strangle [ᛏ] ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
through þruge ᛫ a coffin ᛫ a sarcophagus ᛫ a sarcophagus slab ᛫ a mausoleum ᛫ N thrūgh[þrūh] ME rhyme: plough
through þruge ᛫ via ᛫ P ~ NE SEE NOTE FOR PRONUNCIATION
throughbore þrugebore ᛫ to bore through ᛫ to perforate ᛫ to transfix ᛫ V thurghbōren ME
throughbraid þrugebraid ᛫ to transport ᛫ V þurhbregdan OE
throughfasten þrugefasten ᛫ to transfix ᛫ V þurhfæstnian OE
throughgo þrugego ᛫ to go through ᛫ to pass through ᛫ V thurghgōn&thurghyẹ̄de ME&ME
throughseek þrougseek ᛫ to scour ᛫ to examine thoroughly ᛫ to scrutinize ᛫ to ponder ᛫ to reflect on oneself ᛫ V thurghsẹ̄chen ME
throughshine þrugescine ᛫ transparent ᛫ AJ throughshine NE
throughsmow þrugesmue ᛫ to creep through ᛫ to pour over ᛫ V þurhsmūgan OE
throughstand þrugestand ᛫ to persist ᛫ V þurhstandan OE
throughtee þrougtee ᛫ to carry through ᛫ to achieve ᛫ to accomplish ᛫ V þurhtēon OE
throughwon þrugeƿun ᛫ to continue [ᚾ] ᛫ to continue [ᛏ] ᛫ to remain ᛫ to endure ᛫ V thurghwǒnen[þurhwunian] ME
throw þroƿ ᛫ an occasion ᛫ a circumstance ᛫ a relatively short period of time ᛫ an instant ᛫ a moment ᛫ N throu[þrāg/þrāh] ME
throwend þroƿend ᛫ a scorpion ᛫ N þrowend OE
Throwend Þroƿend ᛫ one of the Tronds ( a Norse people-group ) ? ᛫ N(P) þrowende OE kin: Trondheim?
Throwend Þroƿend ᛫ Scorpio ᛫ PN þrowend OE
throwing star þroƿing star ᛫ a shuriken ᛫ a ninja star ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
thrum þrum ᛫ a company of men ᛫ a host of men ᛫ a troop of men ᛫ grandeur ᛫ splendor ᛫ glory ᛫ N thrum[þrymm] ME
thrumfast þrumfast ᛫ glorious ᛫ majestic ᛫ illustrious ᛫ mighty ᛫ AJ þrymfæst OE
thrumfull þrumfull ᛫ glorious ᛫ majestic ᛫ illustrious ᛫ mighty ᛫ AJ þrymfull OE
thrumly þrumly ᛫ magnificent ᛫ splendid ᛫ glorious ᛬ magnificently ᛫ splendidly ᛫ gloriously ᛫ AJ᛬AV þrymlīc&þrumlīce OE
thrumsettle þrumsettel ᛫ a throne ᛫ N thrumsetle[þrymsetl] ME
thrush þrusc ᛫ a Turdidae bird ᛫ N ~ NE
thrutch þruc ᛫ to push ᛫ to squeeze out ᛫ to pressure ᛫ to force ᛫ to press forward ᛫ to print [ᚹ] ᛫ V thricchen[þryccan/þrican] ME
Thunder Þunder ᛫ ( an English god equivalent to Thor and equated with Jupiter ) ᛫ the planet Jupiter [ᚹ] ᛫ N(P) þunor[þuner] OE kin: "thunder"
Thunderday Þunderday ᛫ Thursday ᛫ N(P) þundurday/þunresdæi ME SEE NOTE
thunderfear þunderfear ᛫ astraphobia ᛫ N thunder+fear NE×2
Thunderly Þunderly ᛫ Jovian ᛫ AJ þunor+ly OE+NE
Thundernight Þundernigt ᛫ the night following Thursday's dusk ᛫ Thursnight ᛫ N(P) þunresniht OE
thung þung ᛫ any of several poisonous plants ᛫ N thung[þung] ME
thungen þungen ᛫ grown ᛫ thriven ᛫ advanced ( in quality ) ᛫ AJ geþungen OE
thunwang þunƿang ᛫ a temple ( anatomy ) ᛫ N thunwonge[þunwang] ME
thunwangbone þunƿangbone ᛫ a temporal bone ᛫ N thunwang+bone ME+NE
Thuring Þuring ᛫ one of the Thuringii ᛫ N(P) Þyringum OE
Thuringland Þuringland ᛫ Thuringia ᛫ N(P) Þyringum+land OE+NE
thurrock þurrock ᛫ a hold ( of a ship ) ᛫ a bilge ( of a ship ) ᛫ N thurrok[þurruc] ME
thurse þurse ᛫ a kind of giant-like creature from Germanic mythology ᛫ a giant ᛫ a cyclops ᛫ an ogre ᛫ N thurs&þyrs ME&OE
thus þus ᛫ in the manner now being indicated ᛫ accordingly ᛫ consequently ᛫ AV thus&thus NE&ME
thwack þƿack ᛫ a sharp blow ᛬ to strike forcefully with a sharp blow ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
thwarst þƿarst ᛫ across ᛫ thwart ᛫ athwart ᛫ transversely ᛫ AV&P þweores OE
thwart þƿart ᛫ to be across ᛫ to prevent an accomplishment ᛬ crosswise ᛫ transverse ᛫ counter ᛫ contrary ᛫ across ᛬ across ᛫ V᛬AJ᛬AV᛬P ~[thwert] NE‹‹N see: thwares (for native alternative)
thwartnick þƿartnick ᛫ an absolute denial ( law ) ᛫ a flat-out traverse of a plaintiff's charge ᛫ the privilege of so pleading ᛫ V thwertnik ME‹(N+E) [MEC]
thwartoverness þƿartoferness ᛫ contrariness ᛫ N thwertō̆vernes ME
thwartsome þƿartsum ᛫ adversative ᛫ AJ thwart+some NE‹‹N+NE invented by William Barnes
thway þƿay ᛫ to wash ᛫ V þwēan OE
thweal þƿeal ᛫ a towel ᛫ N þwǣle OE kin: towel; þwēan; Zwehle
thwean þƿean ᛫ to soften with moisture ᛫ V þwǣnan OE
thwear þƿear ᛫ to agree ᛫ to make accordant ᛫ to become in accord ᛫ to make harmonious ᛬ agreeable ᛫ harmonious ᛫ compatible [ᚹ] ᛫ V᛬AJ geþwǣrian&þwǣre OE&OE
thwearhue þƿearheƿ ᛫ a complementary colour ᛫ N þwǣre+hue OE+NE literally: harmonious-hue
thwearledge þƿearlecg ᛫ to become in harmony with ᛫ to become compatible [ᚹ] ᛫ V ithwǣrlēchen ME
thwearness þƿearness ᛫ agreement ᛫ harmony ᛫ peace ᛫ consonnance [ᚹ] ᛫ N geþwǣrnes OE
thwire þƿire ᛫ to oppose ᛬ obstinate ᛫ perverse ᛫ crooked ᛫ cross ᛫ V᛬AJ thwīre[þwīr]&þweorian OE&ME related word: þweorh
thwirely þƿirely ᛫ reversed ᛫ contrary ᛫ opposite ᛫ adverse ᛫ perverse ᛬ awry ᛫ askew ᛫ obstinately ᛫ flatly ( of refusal ) ᛫ perversely ᛫ AJ᛬AV þweorlīc&þweorlīce OE&OE
thwireness þƿireness ᛫ crookedness ᛫ opposition ᛫ perversity ᛫ N þweorness OE
thwoast þƿoast ᛫ to murmur ᛫ V þwāstrian OE
thy þy ᛫ your ᛫ N(PRO) ~ NE
thyself þyself ᛫ yourself ᛫ N(PRO) ~ NE
tich tic ᛫ a kid ( a young goat ) ᛫ N tiche ME
tid ᛫ tender ᛫ soft ᛫ nice ᛫ AJ tidbit NE
tidbit ᛫ a small piece of tasty food ᛫ a small and interesting item of information or gossip ᛫ N ~ NE
tidder ᛫ to treat with tenderness to fondle ᛬ frail ᛫ V᛬AJ tidder&tȳdre NE&OE
tidderness ᛫ frailty ᛫ N tīderness OE
tide ᛫ a time ᛫ a period ᛫ a tense ( grammatical term ) ᛬ to happen ᛫ to befall ᛫ to betide ᛫ N᛬V tide&tīd&&tīdan NE&NE&OE
tideghost tidegoast ᛫ a zeitgeist ᛫ an ethos of an age ᛫ N tide+ghost NE×2 calque: Zeitgeist
tidely ᛫ temporal ᛫ chronological ᛫ temporary ᛫ AJ tide+ly NE×2 calque: zeitlich
tider ᛫ to have offspring ᛫ to beget offspring ᛫ to multiply ᛫ V tidren ME kin: tūdor
tidewave tideƿafe ᛫ a tsunami ᛫ N tide+wave NE×2 calque: tidal wave
tideword tideƿord ᛫ a verb ᛫ N tide+word NE×2 calque: tiidwurd
tidewrit tideƿrit ᛫ a magazine ᛫ N tide+writ NE×2 calque: tijdschrift
tidewriter tideƿriter ᛫ a chronicler ᛫ an annalist ᛫ N tīdwrītere OE
tidings ᛫ news ᛫ N ~ NE
tidy ᛫ neat ᛫ timely ᛫ seasonable ᛫ opportune ᛫ orderly ᛫ ordered ᛫ AJ ~ NE
tie ᛫ a link ᛫ a connection ᛬ to link ᛫ to connect ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
tield teeld ᛫ a tent ᛫ a canopy or an awning over a boat ᛬ to pitch a tent ᛫ to set a trap ᛫ to erect something ᛫ N᛬V tē̆ld&tē̆lden ME&ME
tigercat ᛫ any variegated wildcat ᛫ a serval ᛫ an ocelot ᛫ an oncilla ᛫ a margay ᛫ a quoll ᛫ N tiger cat NE‹(E‹I+E)
tight tigt ᛫ a practice ᛫ a way of conduct ᛫ N tight[tyht] ME kin: tee
tight tigt ᛫ to drag something ᛫ to hoist ᛫ to advance to somewhere ᛫ to entice ᛫ to incite ᛫ to instruct ᛫ to train someone ᛫ to discipline someone ᛫ V tighten ME
tights tigts ᛫ pantyhose ᛫ N ~ NE
tile ᛫ a brick ᛫ a tile ᛫ N tigel OE‹I
tilestone ᛫ a tile of stone ᛫ N tīlestōn[tigelstān] ME‹(Þ‹I+E)
till ᛫ to prepare and cultivate land for crops ᛫ V ~ NE
till ᛫ apt ᛫ suitable ᛫ adequate ᛫ appropriate ᛫ AJ til OE
till ᛫ a fixed point ᛫ station ᛫ N till OE
tillman ᛫ a husbandman ᛫ a farmer ᛫ N ~ NE
tillmoody ᛫ noble-minded ᛫ AJ tilmōdig OE
tilt ᛫ incline ᛫ bias ᛫ a jousting contest ᛬ to cause to have an inclination [ᛏ] ᛫ to charge against [ᚾ] ᛫ to joust [ᚾ] ᛫ N᛬V ~[tulten/tilten] NE [MW]
tilt ᛫ a canopy for a wagon , boat , or stall ᛬ to provide with a tilt ᛫ N ~[teld][telte] NE [MW]
tilth tilþ ᛫ agriculture ᛫ cultivation ᛫ tillage ᛫ prepared surface soil ᛫ culture [ᚹ] ᛫ N tilth&tilth NE&ME
timber ᛫ wood for construction ᛬ to construct ᛫ N᛬V timber&timbran NE&OE
timeframe ᛫ a period of time ᛫ N ~ NE
timekeeper ᛫ a timepiece ( such as a clock or a watch ) ᛫ N ~ NE
timelore ᛫ chronology ᛫ N time+lore NE×2 invented by William Barnes
timely ᛫ at a favourable time ᛫ opportune ᛫ seasonable ᛫ temporal ᛫ temporary ᛫ transient ᛫ AJ ~[tīmelī][tīmlīce] NE [OED]
timesare ᛫ a time machine ᛫ N time+searu NE+OE calque: time machine
timetoken ᛫ a time signature ᛫ N time+token NE×2 calque: Taktbezeichnung
timewise timeƿise ᛫ temporal ᛫ chronological ᛫ AJ ~ NE
timpan • a drum • N tympan ANE‹‹OE‹I [OED]
tind ᛫ to set on fire ᛫ to kindle ᛫ to ignite ᛫ V ~ NE Related to "tinder".
tinderbox ᛫ a potentially dangerous place or situation ᛫ a crisis ᛫ N ~ NE
tine ᛫ a point ᛫ a spike ᛫ N ~[tind] NE
tine ᛫ to enclose ᛫ V tine[tun] OE
tinglass ᛫ bismuth ( element ) ᛫ N ~ NE
tinmouth tinmuþe ᛫ a Pomoxys annularis fish ( a crappie ) ᛫ N ~ NE
tinstone ᛫ cassiterite ᛫ native tin dioxide ᛫ N ~ NE
tintrey ᛫ torment ᛫ torture ᛫ N tintreg OE point-agony (tind-treg)? extend-agony (tinnan+treg)?
tintreythane tintreyþane ᛫ an officer in charge of torture or execution ᛫ N tintregþegn OE
tire ᛫ glory ᛫ N tīr[tīr] ME
tire ᛫ to feel or make weary ᛫ to lose interest in ᛫ to bore ᛫ V ~ NE
tiresome tiresum ᛫ boring ᛫ tedious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
tish tisc ᛫ a buzzard ᛫ N tysca OE or: tisk?
tit ᛫ a teat ᛫ a mammary gland ᛫ a nipple ᛫ N ~ NE teat is Frankish
titch tic ᛫ a young goat ᛫ N tiche ME
tithe tiþe ᛫ a tenth ᛬ to give a tithe of something ᛫ to decimate ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
tithing tiþing ᛫ an administrative region below hundreds ᛫ N ~ NE
Titicaca Mere ᛫ Lake Titicaca ᛫ N(P) Titicaca+mere NE‹O+NE
titling ᛫ an Anthus pratensis bird ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
titmouse titmuse ᛫ a Paridae bird ᛫ N ~ NE
tiver tifer ᛫ cinnabar ᛫ the orange red hue of cinnabar [ᚹ] ᛬ to paint ( with cinnabar ? ) ᛫ N᛬V teafur[tēafor]&atiefran ME
tiver tifer ᛫ a sacrifice ᛫ an offering ᛫ a victim ᛫ N tiber[tifer] OE
tivering tifering ᛫ painting ᛫ N tīfrung OE
to boot ᛫ in addition ᛫ as well ᛫ AV ~ NE
to wit ƿit ᛫ that is to say ᛫ namely ᛫ specifically ᛫ AV ~ NE originally: that is to wit
toadstool ᛫ mushroom ᛫ N ~ NE
toady ᛫ a sycophant ᛫ a charlatan's assistant ᛬ to engage in sycophancy ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE or: toadeater (original)
toaker ᛫ one's husband's brother ᛫ N tācor OE
Toba Mere ᛫ Lake Toba ᛫ N(P) Toba+mere NE‹O+NE
toburst ᛫ to rupture ᛫ V toborstennisse ME
toburstenness ᛫ a rupture ᛫ N toborstennisse ME
tocome tocum ᛫ an arrival ᛫ a coming ᛫ the future ᛫ N ~ NE
todeal ᛫ to divide ᛫ to distribute ᛫ to part ᛫ to separate ᛫ N᛬V tōdǣlan OE
todealedness ᛫ a division ᛫ a distinction ᛫ a separation ᛫ N tōdǣledness OE
todo ᛫ a commotion ᛫ a fuss ᛫ N todo NE
todrive ᛫ to disperse ᛫ to scatter ᛫ to drive away ᛫ to drive out ᛫ to shatter and disperse into pieces ᛫ V tọ̄̆drēven[tōdrīfan] ME
toebone ᛫ a phalanx of a toe ( anatomy ) ᛫ N ~ NE
tofall ᛫ an incident ᛫ a befalling ᛫ N ~ NE
tofall ᛫ a coincidence ᛫ N to+fall NE×2 calque: toeval; Zufall
tofare ᛫ to go in different directions ᛫ to go off separately ᛫ to part ways ᛫ V tōfaran OE
tofloat ᛫ to float in different directions ᛫ to be dispersed by water ᛫ V tōflēotan OE
tofore ᛫ in front ᛫ first ᛫ first in importance ᛫ previously ᛬ in front of ᛫ in or into the presence of ᛫ prior to ᛫ preceding ᛫ AV᛬P tofore ME has conjunction meaning too but I could not make much sense of it so I will return to it later
tofore that þat ᛫ prior to when ᛫ C tofore þat ME "To-fore þat þe mounteins were made" - c1350 MPPsalter (Add 17376)89.2
togang ᛫ access ᛫ admission ᛫ N to+gang NE×2 calque: tagang
token ᛫ sign ᛫ badge ᛫ marking ᛫ mark ᛫ symbol ᛫ N ~ NE
tokenbearer ᛫ a signifier ᛫ a standard bearer ᛫ N tācnberend OE
tokening ᛫ a representation ᛫ an indication of something's true condition ᛫ evidence ᛫ gesturing ᛫ a memorial ᛫ a memento ᛫ N tōkning ME
toknow toknoƿ ᛫ to discern ᛫ to distinguish ᛫ to know the difference between ᛫ V tọ̄̆knouen&tōcnāwan ME&OE
tolimb ᛫ to dismember ᛫ to remove a limb ᛫ V tọ̄̆limen ME
tolithe toliþe ᛫ to dismember ᛫ V tolithen [tōliþian] ME
toll ᛫ tax ᛫ assessment ᛫ fee ᛫ N toln ME
toller ᛫ a toll-taker ᛫ tax-gatherer ᛫ N tollere OE
toname ᛫ a surname ᛫ a nickname ᛫ epithet ᛫ N toname ME
tone ᛫ a twig ᛫ a twig or piece of wood used in augury divination or casting lots ᛫ N tān OE found in: mistletoe
tonglings ᛫ forceps ᛫ N tong+ling+s NE×3 invented by William Barnes
tongue tung ᛫ a lingua ᛫ a language ᛫ an odontophore ᛫ a proboscis ᛫ N ~ NE
tonguebone tungbone ᛫ a hyoid bone ᛫ N ~ NE
tonguefall tungfall ᛫ an accent ( in speech ) ᛫ N tongue+fall NE×2 calque: tongval
tonguely tungly ᛫ lingual ᛬ lingually ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
tool ᛫ an instrument ᛫ N ~ NE
tooler ᛫ a mechanic ᛫ a technician ᛫ N tool+er NE×2
toolfall ᛫ the instrumental case ᛫ N tool+fyll NE+OE
toom ᛫ empty ᛫ AJ ~[tōm] NE
toot ᛫ to pry ᛫ to spy ᛫ to peep ᛫ to peek ᛫ to peer ᛫ V tōten[tōtian] ME
tooth tooþ ᛫ to indent ᛫ to serrate ᛫ V ~ NE
toothed tooþed ᛫ dentate ᛫ indented ᛫ jagged ᛫ serrated ᛫ cogged ᛫ AJ ~ NE
toothleech tooþleec ᛫ a dentist ᛫ N tooth+leech NE×2
toothless tooþless ᛫ ineffectual ᛫ lacking in means to enforce something ᛫ AJ ~ NE
toothly tooþly ᛫ dental ᛫ dentally ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
toothsome tooþsum ᛫ delicious ᛫ scrumptious ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
topside ᛫ the upper outer surface of the ship above the waterline ᛬ above decks such as on the bridge ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
topsyturviness topsyturfiness ᛫ chaos ᛫ disorder ᛫ N topsyturviness NE
topsyturvy topsyturfy ᛫ backwards ᛫ upside-down ᛫ chaotic ᛬ backwards ᛫ upside-down ᛫ chaotically ᛫ AJ᛬AV topsyturvy NE
tor ᛫ a peak which is rocky ᛫ a hill which is rocky ᛫ N tor[torr] ME‹‹C
tor ᛫ a tower ᛫ N torr OE‹I
torght torgt ᛫ to make clear ᛬ bright ᛫ splendid ᛫ beautiful ᛫ clear ᛬ beautifully ᛫ clearly ᛫ splendidly ᛫ V᛬AJ᛬AV torhte&torht&torhtian ME&OE&OE
torghtly torgtly ᛫ splendid ᛬ splendidly ᛫ AJ᛬AV torhtlīc&torhtlīce OE
torghtness torgtness ᛫ glory ᛫ splendour ᛫ N torhtness OE
torn ᛫ anger ᛫ wrath ᛫ trouble ᛬ bitter ᛫ N᛬AJ torn OE
tornquid torncƿid ᛫ an utterance that causes grief ᛫ bitter grievous or distressing words ᛫ N torncwide OE
torve torf ᛫ to throw ᛫ to pelt ᛫ V torven[torfian] ME
toshrithe toscriþe ᛫ to split apart ᛫ V tọ̄̆shrīthen[tōscrīþan] ME
touder tuder ᛫ offspring ᛫ progeny ᛫ a foetus ᛫ a fetus ᛫ a race ᛫ a breed ᛫ product ᛫ N tūder&tūdor ME&OE
tout tute ᛫ to promote ᛫ to publicize ᛫ to advertise ᛫ V ~ NE
toward toƿard ᛫ future ᛫ approaching ᛫ promising ᛫ docile ᛫ obedient ᛫ cooperative ᛬ towards ᛫ AJ᛬P toward&tōweard NE&OE
toward tide toƿard ᛫ the future tense ᛬ of the future tense ᛫ N᛬AJ toward tīd OE
towardness toƿardness ᛫ the future ᛫ N tōweardness OE
town green tune ᛫ a town square ( esp one covered in grass ) ᛫ N ~ NE
toyear togere ᛫ this year ᛫ N&AV to-year NE
toyen togen ᛫ in defence against ᛫ in moral opposition to ᛫ P toyēn ME
traughten traugten ᛫ to expound ᛫ to explain ᛫ V trahtnen[trahtnian] ME
tread ᛫ to walk upon ᛫ to walk along ᛫ to trot ᛫ V ~ NE PST: trod ᛫ PTCP: trodden; treaded
treadle treadel ᛫ a pedal ᛫ a foot lever ᛫ N ~ NE
treehoney treehunny ᛫ syrup ᛫ treacle ᛫ N ~ NE poorly attested
treely ᛫ arboreal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
treen ᛫ small domestic wooden objects ( esp antiques ) ᛬ made of tree ᛫ wooden ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
treewright treeƿrigt ᛫ a carpenter ᛫ N trēowwyrhta OE
trend ᛫ a general direction in which something is developing or changing ᛫ a fashion ᛬ to bend ᛫ to roll ᛫ to revolve ᛫ to turn ᛫ N᛬V trend&trenden NE&ME
trendle trendel ᛫ an orb ᛫ a sphere ᛬ to roll ᛫ to roll around ᛫ N᛬V trendel[trendel]&trendlen ME&ME
trendled trendelled ᛫ rounded ᛫ round ᛫ circular ᛫ AJ trendled ME "mið wite spottes sawen al wit & trendled als a wel"
trendsetter ᛫ A fashionista ᛫ N ~ NE
trendy ᛫ new and fashionable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
trey ᛫ affliction ᛫ suffering ᛫ pain ᛫ vexation ᛫ grievance ᛬ to afflict ᛫ to vex ᛫ to annoy ᛫ to irritate ᛫ to bother ᛫ N treien[trega/tregian] ME
trim ᛫ to remove excess ᛫ to shorten something's length ᛬ neat ᛫ in shape ᛫ V᛬AJ ~[trimmen][trymman] NE
trimmer ᛫ a political pragmatist ᛫ a political opportunist ᛫ a political moderate ᛫ N ~ NE
trind ᛫ a ball ?᛫ N trinda OE
trod ᛫ a track ᛫ a foot print ᛫ a trace ᛫ N trod ME
troth troþ ᛫ faith ᛫ a religion ᛫ a creed ᛫ a doctrine ᛫ loyalty ᛫ fidelity ᛫ allegiance ᛫ adherence to one's oaths ᛫ N troth&treuth NE&ME
troth troþ ᛫ ( denotes allegiance ) ᛫ SUFFIX troth&treuth NE&ME
trothful troþful ᛫ faithful ᛫ loyal ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
trothless troþless ᛫ unfaithful ᛫ disloyal ᛫ impious ᛫ undevout ᛫ AJ ~ NE
trothplight troþpligt ᛫ a betrothal ᛬ to betroth ᛬ betrothed ᛬ engaged ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
trough troug ᛫ a duct ᛫ a minimum ( mathematics ) ᛫ N ~ NE rhyme: scoff
trouth truþe ᛫ a trumpeter ᛫ N trūþ OE
trow troƿ ᛫ to trust ᛫ to believe in ᛫ to have faith in ᛫ V ~[trēowan] NE rhyme: grow ᛫ [LEX]
trowfast troƿfast ᛫ loyal ᛫ faithful ᛫ AJ trēowfæst OE
trowless troƿless ᛫ faithless ᛫ infidel ᛫ AJ trēowlēas OE
truce treƿs ᛫ a pledge ᛫ a treaty ᛫ an armistice ᛬ to pledge ᛫ N᛬V truce&getrȳwþ NE&OE
truck ᛫ to fail ( at something ) ᛫ to fail ( a duty ) ᛫ to be insufficient ᛫ to be deficient ᛫ V truken&trucian ME&OE
true allow treƿ alloƿ ᛫ an Aloe vera plant ᛫ N true+alewe NE+OE calque: true aloe
trum ᛫ firm ᛫ safeguarded ᛫ AJ trum&trum ME&OE kin: trim
trum ᛫ a troop of soldiers ᛫ an army ᛫ forces ( as in armies ) ᛫ a company ᛫ a military array ᛫ N trume&truma ME&OE kin: sheltron
trundle trundel ᛫ to move or cause to move slowly and heavily typically in a noisy or uneven way ᛫ V ~ NE
truse treƿs ᛫ to swear to the truth of ᛫ to guarantee [ᚹ] ᛫ V treousen[trēowsian/trȳwsian] ME
trustworthy trustƿorþy ᛫ reliable ᛫ dependable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
trusty ᛫ reliable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
truthful treƿþful ᛫ honest ᛫ sincere ᛫ AJ ~ NE
truthfulness treƿþfulness ᛫ honesty ᛫ sincerity ᛫ N ~ NE
Tuesday Teƿsday ᛫ Tuesday ᛫ N(P) ~{tisday/tisdæi/tyseday} NE or: Tyesday
Tuesnight Teƿsnigt ᛫ the night following Tuesday's dusk ᛫ N(P) ~[tīwesniht] NE or: Tyesnight
tumb ᛫ to dance ᛫ to jump ᛫ to dance and jump about ᛫ V tumben[tumbian] ME kin: "tumble"
tun ᛫ a large cask ᛫ a fermenting vat ᛫ 2240 pounds ( by extension an indefinite large quantity ) ᛫ N ~ NE not the same as "tonne"
tunereeve tunereef ᛫ a praetor ᛫ a bailiff ᛫ N tūngerēfa OE
tungle tungel ᛫ a planet ᛫ a moon ᛫ N tungol ME meaning has been narrowed
tunglecraft tungelcraft ᛫ planetology ᛫ N tungolcræfte ME meaning has been modernised
tungler tungeller ᛫ an astronomer ᛫ N tunglere OE
tunsingwort tunsingƿurt ᛫ a Veratrum album plant ( white hellebore ) N tunsingwurt ME
turd ᛫ a piece of solid faeces ᛫ N ~ NE
turdle turdel ᛫ a pellet of faeces ( like that of a sheep ) ᛫ N tirdel[tyrdlu] ME
turf ᛫ territory ᛫ an area of influence ᛫ the top layer of Earth with grass ᛫ sod ᛫ N ~ NE
turfen ᛫ made of turf ᛫ covered with turf ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Turkana Mere ᛫ Lake Turkana ᛫ N(P) Turkana+mere NE‹O+NE
tusk ᛫ a tenon ᛫ N ~ NE or: tush (from a Middle English alternative)
twain tƿain ᛫ two ᛬ to split into two ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
twaincloud tƿainclude ᛫ cumulostratus ᛫ N twain cloud NE [MW]
tweak tƿeak ᛫ modification ᛬ to modify ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
tweam tƿeam ᛫ to divide ᛫ to separate ᛫ to cause dissent among ᛫ to estrange ᛫ V twēmen/tweamen&twǣman ME&OE
tweaming tƿeaming ᛫ a division ᛫ a separation ᛫ a distinction ᛫ N twǣming OE
tween tƿeen ᛫ doubt ᛫ ambiguity ᛫ uncertainty ᛬ to doubt ᛫ to question ( as in to lack confidence in ) ᛫ N᛬V tweon[twēon]&tweonen ME&ME OE also had "twēo"
tweenbrain tƿeenbrain ᛫ the diencephalon ᛫ N ~ NE
tweenendly tƿeenendly ᛫ dubitative ( grammatical term ) ᛫ AJ tweōnigendlīc/twȳnigendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
tweenle tƿeenel ᛫ doubtful ᛫ ambiguous ᛫ uncertain ᛫ AJ twēonol OE
Twelve Tokens Tƿelf ᛫ the Zodiac ᛫ N twelf tacna OE
twelvefold tƿelffold ᛫ duodecuple ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE [OED]
twi tƿi ᛫ duo- ᛫ bi- ᛫ do- ᛫ double- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
twibill tƿibill ᛫ an axe , halberd , or mattock which is double bladed ᛫ N ~ NE equivalent to twi-bill ᛫ [LEX]
twichore tƿicore ᛫ a double duty ᛬ double duty ᛫ N᛬AJ twi+chore NE×2
twiddle tƿiddel ᛫ a tilde ᛫ N ~ NE name used in mathematics ᛫ or: squiggle
twifoldly tƿifoldly ᛫ double ᛫ dual ᛫ AJ twīfoldlī ME
twig tƿig ᛫ a branch ( esp a small one ) ᛫ N twig&twig NE&OE
twiganger tƿiganger ᛫ Doppelgänger ᛫ N twi+gang+er NE×3 calque: Doppelgänger
twihorned tƿihorned ᛫ bicornous ᛫ AJ twi+horned NE×2 invented by William Barnes
twill tƿill ᛫ a fabric with a twill weave ᛬ to weave such a pattern ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [MW]
twin tƿin ᛫ a double ᛬ double ᛫ dual ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
twinay tƿinay ᛫ double negative ᛫ N twi+nay NE×2
twine tƿine ᛫ a string of two or more strands twisted together ᛫ a twist ᛫ a convolution ᛬ to twist ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [MW]
twinge tƿincg ᛫ a sharp pain ᛫ a pang ᛬ to pinch ᛫ to cause a sharp pain ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE [MW]
Twins Tƿins ᛫ Gemini ᛫ N(P) þe Twynnes ME or: Twissen/Atwissen/Twisses/Atwisses (OE getwisan)
twinter tƿinter ᛫ a two year old creature ᛫ N twinter ME equal to: twi-winter
twinword tƿinƿord ᛫ a doublet word ᛫ N twin+word NE×2
twispeech tƿispeec ᛫ deceit ᛫ slander ᛫ N twispeche ME
twissel tƿissel ᛫ a double fruit or a pair of like things growing on a tree ᛫ a junction ᛫ a road or river fork ᛬ double ᛫ twofold ᛫ N᛬AJ twissel&twisla[twis] NE&OE
twist tƿist ᛫ to writhe ᛫ to contort ᛫ to twine ᛫ to coil ᛫ to turn ᛫ to sprain ᛫ V ~ NE
twister tƿister ᛫ a tornado ᛫ N ~ NE
twitchen tƿiccen ᛫ a narrow passage ᛫ a lane ᛫ an alley ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
twiteethed tƿiteeþed ᛫ bidental ᛫ AJ twi+teethed NE×2
twitongued tƿitunged ᛫ bilingual ᛫ AJ ~ NE
twiway tƿiƿay ᛫ a place where two roads meet ᛫ N twiweg OE
twiway tƿiƿay ᛫ a crossroads of two roads ᛫ N twiweg OE
twiwield tƿiƿeeld ᛫ dyarchy / diarchy ᛫ N twi+wield NE
twodeal tƿodeal ᛫ a two-piece swimsuit ( a bikini ) ᛫ N two-piece NE‹(E+I)
twofold tƿofold ᛫ double ᛫ AJ ~ NE
twofooted tƿofooted ᛫ bipedal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
twoling tƿoling ᛫ a doublet [ᚹ] ᛫ a twin crystal ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
twoness tƿoness ᛫ duality ᛫ doubleness ᛫ duplicity ᛫ biformity ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
twosided tƿosided ᛫ bilateral ᛫ AJ two+sided NE×2
twosome tƿosum ᛫ a couple ᛫ a pair ᛫ a duo ᛫ a duet ᛫ a diad ᛫ a duad ᛫ N ~ NE
twoth tƿoþ ᛫ second ( a second thing ) ᛬ second ( second place in a sequence ) ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE this word has an analogy with Dutch's "tweede"
twowheeler tƿohƿeeler ᛫ a bicycle ᛫ N ~ NE
tye ᛫ a box of small size ᛫ N ~ NE
tye ᛫ a piece of enclosed land ᛫ a pasture ᛫ a common ᛫ N tye&tye[tīg] NE&ME kin: zīh (OHG)?; teigur (Icelandic)?
tye ᛫ a pull ᛫ a tug ᛫ N tyge OE
Tye ᛫ an English god equivalent to Norse Tyr ᛫ the planet Mars ᛫ N(P) tī{tig/tiig?} OE or: Tew (Cotton MS Cleopatra A III f.64r) ᛫ kin: Tuesday
Tyeling ᛫ a Martian ᛫ an inhabitant of Mars ᛫ N tī+ling{earthling} OE+NE analogy: Earthling ᛫ or: Tyeman (analogy: Earthman)
Tyely ᛫ Martian ᛫ AJ tī+ly OE+NE
Ukraine Ucraine ᛫ Ukraine ᛫ N ~ NE‹O or: Ocraine ᛫ IPA: /ʊkɹeɪn/ or /ukɹeɪn/ (see note)
umb ᛫ around ( both locational and temporal ) ᛫ concerning ᛫ regarding ᛫ after ( temporal ) ᛫ P umbe ME
umb ᛫ circum- ᛫ PREFIX umb[ymb] ME
umbecast ᛫ to travel around ᛫ to explore ᛫ to cast about ᛫ to ponder ᛫ V umbecasten ME
umbeight umbeigt ᛫ a collection ᛫ a combination ᛫ a collation ᛫ N ymbeaht OE
umbethink umbeþink ᛫ to remind oneself ᛫ to consider [ᛏ] ᛫ to remember ᛫ V ~ NE umb-be-think
umbfang ᛫ to circumscribe ᛫ to encompass ᛫ to surround ᛫ V unymbfangen/umbfōn OE
umbfare ᛫ a circuit ᛫ a going around ᛫ N ymbfær OE
umbflow umbfloƿ ᛫ a circulation of fluid ᛫ N umb+flow NE×2
umbgang ᛫ a circling ᛫ a circuit ᛫ a circumference ᛫ N ymbgang OE
umbgo ᛫ to encompass ᛫ to surround ᛫ V umbegon ME
umbhang ᛫ to hang round with clothing or ornament ᛫ to drape ᛫ to deck ᛫ V ymbhōn OE
umbhow umbhoƿ ᛫ solicitude ᛫ anxiety ᛬ solicitous ᛫ anxious ᛫ N᛬AJ ymbhoga OE
umblithe umbliþe ᛫ to circumnavigate ᛫ V ymblīþan OE
umbloater ᛫ a spectator ᛫ an observer ᛫ N ymbwlātend OE
umbloud umblude ᛫ an umlaut ᛫ N umb+loud ME+NE calque: Umlaut
umbset ᛫ to siege ᛫ to blockade ᛬ set around ᛫ AJ&P ymbset&ymbgesett OE&OE
umbsnithe umbsniþe ᛫ to circumcise ᛫ V ymbsnīþan OE
umbspeak ᛫ to discuss ᛫ V ymbsprecan OE
umbspeech umbspeec ᛫ discussion ᛫ N umbsprǣc OE
umbstandness ᛫ circumstances ᛫ N ymbstandenness OE
umbtrim ᛫ to surround ᛫ to fortify ᛫ V ymbtrymian OE
umbtrimming ᛫ a fortification ᛫ N ymbtrymming OE
umbwend umbƿend ᛫ to transform ᛫ to convert ᛫ N ymbwendan OE
umbwharft umbhƿarft ᛫ a circle ᛫ an orbit ᛫ N ymbhwyrft OE
umbwharve umbhƿarf ᛫ to revolve around ᛫ to orbit around ᛫ V ymbhweorfan OE
unache unake ᛫ to relieve from pain ᛫ soothe ᛫ V ~ NE
unakin ᛫ unrelated ᛫ dissimilar ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unalike ᛫ different ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unalikeness ᛫ difference ᛫ N ~ NE
unamete ᛫ immeasurable ᛫ immense ᛬ immeasurably ᛫ immensely ᛫ AJ᛬AV unimēte ME
unanswering unansƿering ᛫ unresponsive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unanyetty ᛫ nonsensical ᛫ AJ un+andȝet+y NE+ME+NE
unathelness unaþelness ᛫ ignobility ᛫ N unæþelness OE
unbelief unbeleef ᛫ disbelief ᛫ an absence of religious belief ᛫ N ~ NE
unbeliever unbeleefer ᛫ a nonbeliever ᛫ a heretic ᛫ a heathen ᛫ N unbeliever NE
unbidden ᛫ uninvited ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unbiseny ᛫ irregular ᛫ unruly ᛫ AJ un+bīsen+y NE+ME+NE
unblithe unbliþe ᛫ melancholic ᛫ AJ unblithe ME
unbodied ᛫ incorporeal ᛫ formless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unbodily ᛫ incorporeal ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
unbootly ᛫ irremediable ᛫ without remedy ᛫ AJ unbotelich ME
unbraid ᛫ to disentangle ᛫ V ~ NE
unbuild unbild ᛫ to deconstruct ᛫ V ~ NE
unburden ᛫ to exonerate ᛫ V ~ NE
uncanny ᛫ strange in an unsettling way ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unchurch uncirc ᛫ to excommunicate ᛫ V ~ NE‹(E+H)
unclothe uncloþe ᛫ to undress ᛫ V ~ NE
uncouth uncooþ ᛫ clumsy ᛫ awkward ᛫ crude ᛫ rude ᛫ unrefined ᛫ unfamiliar ᛫ AJ ~ NE
uncouthness uncooþness ᛫ unfamiliarity ᛫ crudeness ᛫ impoliteness ᛫ N ~ NE
undear ᛫ cheap ᛫ disesteemed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
undeathshildiness undeaþscildiness ᛫ immortality ᛫ N undethshildiȝnesse ME
undeed ᛫ an ill deed ᛫ an evil action ᛫ a crime ᛫ a misdeed ᛫ N undǣd OE
under ᛫ sub- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
underbear ᛫ to support ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
underborough underboroug ᛫ a suburb ᛫ N underburh OE
underborougher underborouger ᛫ an inhabitant of a suburb ᛫ N underburhware OE
underbow underboƿ ᛫ to submit ᛫ V underbugan OE
undercome undercum ᛫ to be affected by ᛫ to undergo ᛫ to submit ᛫ to come through ᛫ to come under ᛫ V ~ NE
undercut ᛫ to offer goods or services at a lower price than a competitor ᛫ to undermine ᛫ V ~ NE
underdelve underdelf ᛫ to undermine ᛫ V underdelven[underdelfan] ME
underfang ᛫ to receive ᛫ to accept ᛫ to assume ( a position or office ) ᛫ V underfongen ME
undergo ᛫ to experience ᛫ V ~ NE PST: underwent; underyede ᛫ PTCP: undergone
underground undergrund ᛫ a subway ᛫ a metro ᛫ a subterranean space or channel ᛬ subterranean ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬AV ~ NE
underhanded ᛫ clandestine ᛫ AJ ~ NE
underking ᛫ a viceroy ᛫ a petty king ᛫ a tribal ruler ᛫ N underking ME
underlet ᛫ to sublet ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
underlie ᛫ to be the basis foundation or cause of something ᛫ V ~ NE
underling ᛫ a subordinate ᛫ N ~ NE
underly ᛫ inferior ᛬ at a lower level ᛫ insufficiently ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
underlying ᛫ implicit ᛫ AJ ~ NE
undermakeup ᛫ primer ( makeup ) ᛫ N ~ NE
undermeaning ᛫ a connotation ᛫ N ~ NE
undern ᛫ 9 AM ᛫ the time between 9 AM and 10 AM ᛫ tierce ᛫ N ~ NE
undernim ᛫ to rebuke ᛫ to reprove ᛫ to censure ᛫ to find fault with ᛫ to criticize ᛫ V undernimen ME
undernye ᛫ to go under ᛫ to succumb to ᛫ to under go something bad ᛫ V underhnīgan OE
underpin ᛫ to give support, strength, or a basic structure to something ᛫ V ~ NE
underred ᛫ infrared light ᛬ infrared ᛫ N᛬AJ under+red NE×2
underroom ᛫ a basement or a cellar ( if it's comprised of only one room otherwise use "underrooms" ) ᛫ N under+room NE×2
undersaregun ᛫ a submachine gun ᛫ N under+searu+gun NE+OE+NE‹N calque: submachine gun
underscore underskore ᛫ to point up ᛫ to emphasize ᛫ to reinforce a point ᛫ V ~ NE‹(E+N)
underseek ᛫ to investigate ᛫ V undersēchen ME
underseeking ᛫ investigation ᛫ N ~ NE
understand ᛫ to comprehend ᛫ N ~ NE
undertaker ᛫ a funeral director ᛫ a contractor ᛫ a publisher ᛫ a producer ᛫ a manager ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N+E) [OED]
undertaking ᛫ a project ᛫ N ~ NE
undertheed underþeed ᛫ to subject ᛫ to subjugate ᛫ V underthẹ̄den[underþeodan] ME
undertheedingly underþeedingly ᛫ subjunctive ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ underþēodendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
undertilth undertilþ ᛫ a subculture ᛫ N under+tilth NE×2
undertongue undertung ᛫ a sublingua ᛫ N undertunge OE
underwater underƿater ᛫ subaqueous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
underway underƿay ᛫ in progress ᛫ AV ~ NE
underway underƿay ᛫ an underpass ᛫ a tunnel ᛫ N under+way NE+NE by analogy with overway
underwend underƿend ᛫ to subvert ᛫ V underwendan OE glossary word
underwood underƿood ᛫ understorey ᛫ boskage ᛫ N ~ NE aka: undergrowth
underwrite underƿrite ᛫ to subscribe ᛫ V underwrītan OE
underyet ᛫ to notice ᛫ to realize ᛫ to make an observation ᛫ to discover ᛫ V underyēten ME PST: underyat ᛫ PTCP: underyetten
underyoke ᛫ to subjugate ᛫ V ~ NE
undo ᛫ to unfasten ᛫ to cancel ᛫ to reverse ᛫ to destroy to cause the downfall of ᛫ V ~ NE
undought undugt ᛫ cowardice ᛫ N ~ NE
undoughty undugty ᛫ uncourageous ᛫ unvaliant ᛫ cowardly ᛫ AJ undoughti ME
undouth unduþe ᛫ vice ᛫ N un+douth NE+ME
undrunken ᛫ sober ᛫ AJ undrunken ME
undying ᛫ immortal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unearth unearþ ᛫ to find in the ground by digging ᛫ to discover something hidden through investigation ᛫ V ~ NE
uneath uneaþ ᛫ uneasy ᛫ difficult ᛫ hard ᛬ uneasily ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
unendingly ᛫ infinitive ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ ungeendiendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
unendly ᛫ infinite ᛫ endless ᛬ infinitely ᛫ unendingly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
uneven unefen ᛫ unequal ᛫ unequally balanced ᛫ not level or smooth ᛫ odd ( of numbers ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unevenhood unefenhood ᛫ inequality ᛫ N un+even+hood NE×3 calque: ongelijkheid
unfair ᛫ unjust ᛫ inequitable ᛫ unsporting ᛫ unattractive ᛫ ugly ᛫ AJ unfair&unfair NE&ME
unfairness ᛫ injustice ᛫ inequity ᛫ unattractiveness ᛫ ugliness ᛫ N ~ NE
unfetter ᛫ to release from restraint or inhibition ᛫ V ~ NE
unfettered ᛫ unrestrained ᛫ laissez-faire ᛫ AJ ~ NE "unfettered capitalism"
unfledged unflecged ᛫ inexperienced ᛫ novice ᛫ not yet mature ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unfold ᛫ to develop ᛫ to come undone ᛫ to become revealed ᛫ V ~ NE
unfolk ᛫ to depopulate ᛫ N ~ NE coined by William Barnes
unfriend unfreend ᛫ to defriend ᛫ V ~ NE
unfrith unfriþ ᛫ unpeace ᛫ strife ᛫ discord ᛫ dissension ᛫ N unfrith ME
unfrost ᛫ to defrost ᛫ V un+frost NE
ungainly ᛫ clumsy ᛫ unwieldy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ungodly ᛫ impious ᛫ sinful ᛫ immoral ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ungraith ungraiþ ᛫ unprepared ᛫ unready ᛫ AJ ungreith ME‹N
ungraithly ungraiþly ᛫ unpreparedly ᛫ unreadily ᛫ AV ungreithlī ME‹N
ungrounded ungrunded ᛫ baseless ᛫ unfounded ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
unhallow unhalloƿ ᛫ to make profane ᛫ to desecrate ᛫ V ~ NE
unhandy ᛫ hard to handle ᛫ inconvenient ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unhealth unhealþ ᛫ infirmity ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
unhealthful unhealþful ᛫ insalubrious ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
unhearsome unhearsum ᛫ disobedient ᛫ AJ unhersum ME
unhearsomeness unhearsumness ᛫ disobedience ᛫ N unhersumnesse ME
unheed ᛫ to ignore ᛫ V ~ NE
unheel ᛫ to uncover ᛫ to reveal ᛫ to expose ᛫ V ~{hēlen} NE
unhill ᛫ to uncover ᛫ to expose ᛫ V unhilen ME‹N
unhinge unhincg ᛫ to derange ᛫ to make mentally unbalanced ᛫ to bereave of stability ᛫ to throw into disorder ᛫ V ~ NE
unhinged unhincged ᛫ mentally unbalanced ᛫ deranged ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unk ᛫ us two ( accusative ) ᛫ N(PRO) unc ME ARCHAIC & NOT RECOMMENDED
unkempt ᛫ having an untidy or dishevelled appearance ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unker ᛫ my and your ᛫ N(PRO) unker ME
unkers ᛫ mine and yours ᛫ N(PRO) unker+s OE+NE
unkinly ᛫ unsuitable ᛫ improper ᛫ AJ uncynlīc OE
unknowledge unknoƿlecg ᛫ ignorance ᛫ N ~ NE
unkselves unkselfs ᛫ we two's selves ᛫ N(PRO) unke seoluen ME
unlaw unlaƿ ᛫ a crime ᛫ lawlessness ᛫ a fine for the breaking of a law ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N)
unlawful unlaƿful ᛫ illegal ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹(E+N+E)
unleed ᛫ wretched ᛫ miserable ᛫ AJ unlēde ME
unlib ᛫ poison ( esp when used in witchcraft and sorcery ) ᛫ N unlybba OE
unlibwright unlibƿrigt ᛫ a maker of poisons ( esp a witch or sorcerer ) ᛫ N unlybwyrhta OE
unlift ᛫ bad air ᛫ malaria ᛫ N unlyft OE
unlike ᛫ different ᛫ dissimilar ᛬ different from ᛫ in contrast to ᛫ uncharacteristic of someone ᛫ dissimilar to ᛫ AJ᛬P ~ NE
unlikeness ᛫ a difference ᛫ N ~ NE
unlikeworthy unlikeƿorþy ᛫ unlikable ᛫ unworthy of like ᛫ AJ unlīcwirþe OE
unlittiness ᛫ ugliness ᛫ disfigurement ᛫ N unwlitigness OE
unlitting ᛫ disfiguring ᛫ N unwlitigung OE
unlitty ᛫ to make or become ugly ᛫ to disfigure ᛬ ugly ᛫ V᛬AJ unwlitig&unwlitigian OE
unluck ᛫ bad fortune ᛫ misfortune ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
unmaiden ᛫ to take the virginity of ᛫ to deflower ᛫ to disvirgin ᛫ V ~ NE [OED] ᛫ also: unmaid
unmaidening ᛫ defloration ᛫ deflowering ᛫ N ~ NE [OED] ᛫ also: unmaiding
unmake ᛫ to disassemble ᛫ to destroy ᛫ V ~ NE
unman ᛫ one considered beneath the status of a man ᛫ N unman[unmann] ME
unmannish unmannisc ᛫ inhuman ᛫ inhumane ᛫ AJ un+mannish NE+ME
unmeet ᛫ improper ᛫ unsuitable ᛫ AJ ~ NE [CED]
unmerry ᛫ unpleasant ᛫ unfair ᛫ AJ unmyrige OE
unmight unmigt ᛫ weakness ᛫ lack of strength ᛫ feebleness ᛫ N ~ NE
unmighten unmigten ᛫ to disempower ᛫ to disable ᛫ V un+might+en NE×3
unmightly unmigtly ᛫ impossible ᛫ AJ unmeahtelīc OE
unmighty unmigty ᛫ weak ᛫ feeble ᛫ powerless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unmilse ᛫ sternness ᛫ wrath ᛫ N unmilts OE
unmilsendly ᛫ unpardonable ᛫ AJ unmiltsigendlīc OE
unmilsing ᛫ want of consideration ᛫ impiety towards God ᛫ pitilessness towards men ᛫ N unmiltsung OE
unmingle unmingel ᛫ to separate ᛫ V ~ NE
unmirth unmirþ ᛫ sadness ᛫ misery ᛫ N unmyrhþ OE
unmood ᛫ despondency ᛫ dejection ᛫ N unmōd OE
unmoody ᛫ fainthearted ᛫ humble ᛫ AJ unmōdig OE
unn ᛫ to grant ᛫ to allow ᛫ to permit ᛫ V unnan OE look up "the three-letter rule"
unnithing unniþing ᛫ an honest person ᛫ one accepted by their community ᛫ N unnīþing OE
unoften ᛫ infrequently ᛫ seldom ᛫ AV ~ NE
unorn ᛫ simple ᛫ plain ᛫ unexcessive ᛫ modest ᛫ unelaborate ᛫ unattractive ᛫ of low or humble rank , status , or quality ᛫ decrepit ᛫ AJ unorne ME‹OE‹?
unready ᛫ unprepared ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unrearded ᛫ voiceless ( spoken without vibration of the vocal chords ) ᛫ AJ un+rērd+ed NE+ME+NE
unrede ᛫ bad advice ᛫ N ~ NE
unriddle unriddel ᛫ to solve ( to figure out ) ᛫ to explain ( to make understandable ) ᛫ V ~ NE
unride ᛫ unrestrained ᛫ uncontrolled ᛫ excessive ᛫ inordinately great ᛫ unmitigated ᛫ immoderate ᛫ AJ unrīde[ungerȳde] ME
unrightful unrigtful ᛫ illegitimate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unrightfully unrigtfully ᛫ illegitimately ᛫ AV ~ NE
unrightly unrigtly ᛫ incorrectly ᛫ AV ~ NE
unroadness ᛫ non-rhoticity ᛫ N road+less+ness NE×3
unrode ᛫ unreasonable ᛫ unwise ᛫ irrational ᛫ AJ ungerād OE
unroot ᛫ sad ᛫ sorrowful ᛫ distressed ᛫ displeased ᛫ AJ unrọ̄t&unrōt ME&OE kin: rōt
unrown unrune ᛫ to decrypt ᛫ to unencrypt ᛫ V un+rown NE+ME
unrowned unruned ᛫ decrypted ᛫ unencrypted ᛫ N un+rown+ed NE+ME+NE
unseely ᛫ unhappy ᛫ miserable ᛫ unfortunate ᛫ unlucky ᛫ wretched ᛫ AJ unsely ME
unseemly ᛫ inappropriate ᛫ indecent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unseendly ᛫ invisible ᛫ AJ un+see+end+ly NE×2+ME+NE
unseenly ᛫ invisible ᛫ AJ unsēnelī ME
unsefful ᛫ senseless ᛫ AJ unseffull OE
unset ᛫ to depose ᛫ to displace ᛫ V unsettan OE
unsettling ᛫ disquieting ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unsheer unsceer ᛫ impure ᛫ AJ un + sheer NE×2
unshildy unscildy ᛫ innocent ᛫ AJ unscyldig OE
unshod unscod ᛫ bare-footed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unsidey ᛫ neutral ᛫ AJ un+side+y NE×3 calque: ûnsidich
unsightly unsigtly ᛫ ugly ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unsooth unsooþ ᛫ untruth ᛫ falsehood ᛫ N unsōþ OE
unstaffwise unstaffƿise ᛫ illiterate ᛫ AJ unstæfwīs OE
unsteadfast ᛫ capricious ᛫ vacillating ᛫ AJ ~ NE [CED]
unstill ᛫ to disturb ᛫ to disquiet ᛫ V unstillen ME
unsunderendly ᛫ inseparable ᛫ indivisible ᛫ AJ unasundrodlic OE
unsung ᛫ something which has not been lauded or appreciated ᛫ not sung about ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unsuttle unsuttel ᛫ vague ᛫ unclear ᛫ AJ un+sutel NE+ME
unsuttleness unsuttelness ᛫ ambiguity ᛫ vagueness ᛫ unclearness ᛫ N un+sutel+ness NE+ME+NE
unsweven unsƿefen ᛫ a bad vision ᛫ a bad dream ᛫ a nightmare ᛫ N unswefen OE
unsyefast ᛫ unvictorious ᛫ untriumphant ᛫ not successful ᛫ AJ unsigefæst OE
untellendly ᛫ indescribable ᛫ AJ untellendlīce ME
unthank unþank ᛫ ingratitude ᛫ harm ᛫ injury misfortune ᛫ thanklessness ᛫ N ~ NE
unthatch unþac ᛫ to uncover ᛫ V unþeccan OE
unthew unþeƿ ᛫ a vice ᛫ N untheu ME
unthrift unþrift ᛫ wastefulness ᛫ extravagance ᛫ a spendthrift ᛫ a prodigal ᛫ N ~ NE
unthrifty unþrifty ᛫ prodigal ᛫ wasteful ᛫ ( of plants or livestock ) not strong or healthy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unthrutchen unþrucen ᛫ to depressurise ᛫ V un+thrutch+en NE×3
unthwear unþƿear ᛫ to disagree ᛬ discordant ᛫ not in agreement ᛫ not in harmony ᛫ dissonant [ᚹ] ᛫ V᛬AJ ungeþwǣr OE
unthwearness unþƿearness ᛫ discord ᛫ disagreement ᛫ disharmony ᛫ dissonance [ᚹ] ᛫ N ungeþwǣrness OE
untime ᛫ an inappropriate or an improper time for something ᛫ N untime ME
untine ᛫ to free ᛫ to unbind ᛫ to unenclose ᛫ V untynan OE
untold ᛫ not narrated ᛫ not recounted ᛫ too great to be recounted or numbered ᛫ AJ ~ NE
untoward untoƿard ᛫ awkward ᛫ clumsy ᛫ ungainly ᛫ unruly ᛫ intractable ᛫ adverse ᛫ unpropitious ᛫ improper ᛫ indecorous ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED][MW]
untrum ᛫ unfirm ᛫ sick ᛫ sickly ᛫ infirm ᛫ ill ᛫ AJ untrum ME
untruth untreƿþ ᛫ falsehood ᛫ N ~ NE
untruthful untreƿþful ᛫ dishonest ᛫ insincere ᛫ AJ ~ NE
untruthfulness untreƿþfulness ᛫ dishonesty ᛫ insincerity ᛫ N ~ NE
untwee untƿee ᛫ certainty ᛫ no doubt ᛫ N untwēo OE
unwaxen unƿaxen ᛫ ungrown ᛫ prepubescent [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ unweaxen OE
unwealthiness unƿealþiness ᛫ poverty ᛫ N ~ NE
unwealthy unƿealþy ᛫ poor ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unweapon unƿeapon ᛫ to disarm ᛫ V ~ NE
unweather unƿeaþer ᛫ bad weather ᛫ a storm ᛫ a tempest ᛫ N unweder OE
unwed unƿed ᛫ unmarried ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unwemmed unƿemmed ᛫ untainted ᛫ pure ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unwieldy unƿeeldy ᛫ difficult to handle because of its size shape or weight ᛫ too big or disorganized to manage well ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unwight unƿigt ᛫ an evil spirit ᛫ a monster ᛫ N unwight{uvættr} ME
unwin unƿin ᛫ an unfriend ᛫ a foe ᛫ an enemy ᛫ an adversary ᛫ N unwin ME
unwind unƿind ᛫ to relax ᛫ V ~ NE
unwinsome unƿinsum ᛫ unpleasant ᛫ disagreeable ᛫ AJ unwynsum OE
unwisdom unƿisdom ᛫ folly ᛫ lack of wisdom ᛫ N ~ NE
unwise unƿise ᛫ foolish ᛫ insensible ᛫ imprudent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unwist unƿist ᛫ unknown ᛫ unrecognized ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unwit unƿit ᛫ to derange ᛫ V ~ NE
unwitting unƿitting ᛫ unaware ᛫ unintentional ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unwold unƿold ᛫ to deforest ᛫ V un+wold NE×2
unwolding unƿolding ᛫ deforestation ᛫ N un+wold+ing NE×3
unwont unƿont ᛫ not used to ᛫ unaccustomed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unworship unƿorscip ᛫ irreverence ᛬ to dishonour ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
unworth unƿorþ ᛫ to disrespect ᛫ to dishonour ᛫ to degrade ( using language or a gesture ) ᛬ disrespect ᛫ dishonour ᛫ N᛬V unworth&unworthen ME&ME
unworthy unƿorþy ᛫ unsuitable ᛫ undeserving ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unwrast unƿrast ᛫ depraved ᛫ AJ unwrest ME
unwry ᛫ to uncover ᛫ expose ᛫ take off ᛫ untie ᛫ behold ᛫ perceive ᛫ V unwrīen ME
unyielding unyeelding ᛫ constant ᛫ ceaseless ᛫ stubborn ᛫ AJ ~ NE
unyoke ᛫ to remove a yoke ᛫ to free from oppression ᛫ V ~ NE
unyore ᛫ unprepared ᛬ recently ᛫ soon ᛫ AJ᛬AV ungēara OE
upbeat ᛫ an unaccented beat in a musical measure ᛬ lively and positive ᛫ sanguine ( as in optimistic ) ᛫ N᛬AJ ~ NE
upbraid ᛫ the act of reproaching ᛫ contumely ᛬ to severely criticize ᛫ to treat with contempt ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
upbrook ᛫ to deplete ᛫ to use up ᛫ V up+brook NE×2
upend ᛫ to tip over ᛫ to ruin ᛫ to invalidate ᛫ to overthrow ᛫ to throw out ᛫ V ~ NE
upgang ᛫ a climb ᛫ an ascent ᛫ a way up ᛫ N ~ NE
upheaving upheafing ᛫ a bouleversement ᛫ a cataclysm ᛫ a paroxysm ᛫ a tumult ᛫ a turmoil ᛫ an upheaval ᛫ N ~{upheaval} NE
uphold ᛫ to support ᛫ to maintain ᛫ to confirm ᛫ V ~ NE
upkeep ᛫ maintenance ᛬ to maintain ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
upland ᛫ a rural area ᛫ the country ᛬ rural ᛫ rustic ᛫ country ᛫ pastoral ᛫ bucolic ᛫ N᛬AJ ~{uplō̆ndish} NE last attested: 1522 (noun); 1670 (adjective)
uplift ᛫ to give someone encouragement ᛫ to lift one's spirits ᛫ V ~ NE
uplink ᛫ a transmission or link to an airborne terminal like a satellite ᛬ to transmit by means of an uplink ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
upnimming ᛫ an undertaking ᛫ an enterprise ᛫ a project ᛫ N upniminge ME "take" is from Norse
upper chavelbone cafelbone ᛫ a maxilla ᛫ N upper+chafel+bone NE+ME+NE calque: bovenkaakbeen
upper noseshell nosescell ᛫ a superior nasal concha ᛫ N upper+nose+shell NE×3 calque: oderste neusschelp
upperhand ᛫ advantage or control ᛫ N ~ NE
upright uprigt ᛫ vertical ᛫ honourable ᛫ moral ᛫ AJ ~ NE
uprising ᛫ insurrection ᛫ N ~ NE
uproot ᛫ to extirpate ᛫ V ~ NE
upset ᛫ an overturning ᛫ distemper ᛬ to overturn ᛫ to capsize ᛫ to trouble ᛫ to distress ᛬ overturned ᛫ distressed ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ ~ NE [OED]
upshot upscot ᛫ the final or eventual outcome or conclusion of a discussion action or series of events ᛫ AJ ~ NE [LEX]
upside ᛫ a pro ᛫ a positive feature of something ᛫ N ~ NE
upsodown upsodune ᛫ upside down ᛫ inverted ᛫ inside out ᛫ everted ᛫ AV up-sō̆-dǒun ME or: upsadown; upsedown; upsedone ᛫ begat: upside down
upspring ᛫ origin ᛬ to originate ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE PST: upsprung/upsprang ᛫ PTCP: upsprung
upstand ᛫ a roof section that turns up against something ᛬ to stand up ᛫ arise ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
upstander ᛫ one who stands up for something ᛫ N ~ NE
upstanding ᛫ reputable ᛫ standing up ᛫ AJ ~ NE
upstir ᛫ a commotion ᛫ a disturbance ᛫ N ~ NE
uptake ᛫ absorption or occupation of a limited resource ᛫ a ventilation pipe ᛬ to take up ᛫ to expend or to occupy a limited resource ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
upwind upƿind ᛫ to wind upwards ᛫ to wind up ( a device ) ᛫ V ~ NE
utmost ᛫ ultimate ᛫ the most extreme ᛫ farthest ᛫ AJ ~ NE
utter ᛫ to state ᛫ to say ᛫ to display goods ᛫ to put goods up for sale ᛫ to release ( for sale ) ᛫ V utter&outren NE&ME
uttering ᛫ statement ᛫ N ~ NE
utterless ᛫ ineffable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
utterly ᛫ completely ᛫ absolutely ᛫ AV ~ NE
vat fat ᛫ a vessel ᛫ a jug ᛫ a tub ᛫ a cask ᛫ a barrel ᛫ N ~[fā̆t][fæt] NE or: fat (dialectal)
vattle fattel ᛫ a container or a receptacle ( esp for liquids or food ) ᛫ a large container ( vats , ships , etc ) ᛫ N fētles ME
vixen fixen ᛫ a female fox ᛫ N ~ NE or: fixen (dialectal)
wad ƿad ᛫ shallow water ᛫ a ford ᛫ N wæd OE or: wade (from ME wā̆de)?
wade ƿade ᛫ to walk ( generally through liquid ) ᛫ V ~ NE
wagtail ƿagtail ᛫ a Motacillidae bird ᛫ N ~ NE or: wagstart
wail ƿail ᛫ to lament ᛫ to deplore ᛫ to grieve bitterly ᛫ V ~ NE
wain ƿain ᛫ wagon ᛫ cart ᛫ car ᛫ automobile ᛫ vehicle ᛬ to transport by vehicle ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE "wagon" is Dutch
wainer ƿainer ᛫ a driver of a vehicle ᛫ N wægnere OE
wainreeve ƿainreef ᛫ one who has charge of vehicles ᛫ N wægngerēfa OE
wainshed ƿainsced ᛫ a garage ᛫ N wain+shed NE×2
wainway ƿainƿay ᛫ a road for vehicles ᛫ N wægnweg OE
wainwright ƿainƿrigt ᛫ a builder of vehicles ᛫ N ~ NE
waistbour ƿaistbor ᛫ a fauld ᛫ N waist+beorg{healsbeorg} NE+OE
waker ƿaker ᛫ awake ᛫ spiritually awake ᛫ active ᛫ attentive ᛫ AJ wāker[wacor] ME
wal ƿal ᛫ the slain ᛫ casualties ( dead ones ) ᛫ slaughter ᛫ carnage ᛫ N wal[wæl] ME
walbase ƿalbase ᛫ vermillion ᛫ N wealhbasu OE literally Celtic/Italic purple
wald ƿald ᛫ in case ᛫ in case that ᛫ C wald&weald ME&OE
Wale Ƿale ᛫ a Celt ᛫ N(P) wāle&wealh ME&OE shows up as wal- and -wall as an affix
wale ƿale ᛫ a choice ᛫ an option ᛫ an election [ᚹ] ᛫ a vote [ᚹ] ᛬ to choose ᛫ to opt ᛫ to elect [ᚹ] ᛫ to vote [ᚹ] ᛬ choice ᛫ select ᛫ excellent ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ wale&walen ME‹N&ME‹N
wale ƿale ᛫ a ridge ᛫ a swollen mark left on flesh by a blow ᛫ N ~[walu/wala] NE
Walekin Ƿalekin ᛫ the Celtic people ᛫ N(P) wealhcyn OE
walhawk ƿalhaƿk ᛫ gyrfalcon ᛫ Falco rusticolus ᛫ N wealhheafoc OE
walkirry ƿalkirry ᛫ a valkyrie ? ᛫ a witch ᛫ a sorceress ᛫ a female demon ᛫ a female deity ᛫ N walkirie[wælcyrge] ME literally slain-chooser ᛫ rhyme: wall-slurry? shall-slurry?
wall ƿall ᛫ to go on pilgrimage ᛫ V wallen ME
waller ƿaller ᛫ a pilgrim ᛫ N wallen+er ME+NE Compare MHG wallære
wallime ƿallime ᛫ mortar ( a mixture of lime or cement sand and water used for bonding building blocks ) ᛫ N wealllīm OE
walling ƿalling ᛫ a pilgrimage ᛫ N wallen+ing ME+NE
wallow ƿalloƿ ᛫ to roll about in mud or water ᛫ to indulge ᛫ to overindulge ( esp in self-pity or grief ) ᛫ V ~[walwian] NE
wallow ƿalloƿ ᛫ to roll around in something ( such as mud ) ᛫ to roll ᛫
wallow ƿalloƿ ᛫ to fade ᛫ to shrivel up ᛫ to become enfeebled ᛫ to become infertile ᛫ V welwen[wealwian] ME "Halliwell gives wallow = to fade away, as a Somerset word" - Bosworth-Toller
wallowfowl ƿalloƿfule ᛫ a dodo ᛫ N wallow+fowl NE×2 calque: walgvogel
walm ƿalm ᛫ a surge ᛫ a spout ᛫ a gushing forth of fluid ᛬ to surge ᛫ to spout ᛫ to boil up ᛫ to gush forth ᛫ V walm&walm[wilm/wælm] NE&ME [MW]
walmore ƿalmore ᛫ a carrot ᛫ a parsnip ᛫ an Apiaceae plant [ᚹ] ᛫ N walmore ME
walnut ƿalnut ᛫ a hardwood Juglans tree of the genus ᛫ the nut of the Juglan tree ᛫ N ~ NE
walreef ƿalreef ᛫ loot taken from the slain ᛫ N wælrēaf OE or: walreef; walreif (Scottish)
walrest ƿalrest ᛫ a resting place for the slain ᛫ N wælrest OE
walstod ƿalstod ᛫ an interpreter ᛫ N wealhstod OE of note: weallstaðel
walt ƿalt ᛫ to turn over ᛫ to invert ᛫ to topple ᛫ to consider ( as in to think over ) ᛬ unstable ᛫ V᛬AJ walt[wealt] NE
wamble ƿambel ᛫ a reeling or staggering gait or movement ᛬ a wambling ( esp of the stomach ) ᛬ to feel nausea ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
wan ƿan ᛫ an abundance ᛫ an excess ᛫ an alternative ᛫ an option ᛫ N wōne/wan/wane ME‹N
wan ƿan ᛫ pale ᛫ sickly-looking ᛫ dim ᛫ faint ᛫ bland ᛫ uninteresting ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wan ƿan ᛫ ( denotes absence / absense ) ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE found in: wanton
wand ƿand ᛫ to flinch ᛫ to startle ᛫ to shrink from ᛫ V wonden [OE wandian] ME [OED] ᛫ rhymes with: bond
wandbone ƿandbone ᛫ a radius ( bone ) ᛫ N ~ NE‹(N+E) or: spokebone ("wand" is Norse)
wandering ƿandering ᛫ itinerant ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wanderword ƿanderƿord ᛫ a word that has spread to many languages ᛫ N ~ NE
wane ƿane ᛫ a lack ᛫ a shortage ᛫ a decrease ᛫ a diminution ᛫ an absence ᛬ to diminish ᛫ to fade ᛬ insufficient ᛫ imperfect ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ wane&wāne[wana] NE+ME
wanendly ƿanendly ᛫ diminutive ( grammatical term ) ᛫ AJ wanigendlīc OE from Ælfric's Grammar
wang ƿang ᛫ a cheek ᛫ N ~ NE
wanger ƿanger ᛫ a pillow ᛫ N wonger/wanger ME
wangle ƿangel ᛫ to get or achieve through deceitful or manipulative means ᛫ to falsify ᛫ V ~ NE‹(E+N)
wangtooth ƿangtooþ ᛫ a molar ᛫ N ~ NE
wanhope ƿanhope ᛫ despair ᛫ N ~ NE
waning moon ƿaning ᛫ the moon at any time after full moon and before new moon ᛫ N ~ NE or: old moon
wanion ƿanion ᛫ the waning of the moon ᛫ a curse ᛫ vengeance ( esp in the saying "with a wanion" ) ᛫ N ~ NE from the present participle "waniand"
wankle ƿankel ᛫ weak ᛫ unsteady ᛫ untrustworthy ᛫ unstable ᛫ mutable ᛫ inconstant ᛫ fickle ᛫ irresolute ᛫ wobbly ᛫ insecure ᛫ AJ wankel[wancol] ME
wanrest ƿanrest ᛫ restlessness ᛫ a pendulum ᛫ N ~ NE
wanshaft ƿanscaft ᛫ misfortune ᛫ N wansceaft OE
wansilly ƿansilly ᛫ melancholic ᛫ AJ wansǣlig OE
wanspeed ƿanspeed ᛫ ill fortune ᛫ N wanspēde ME
wanthriven ƿanþrifen ᛫ stunted ᛫ decayed ᛫ in a state of decline ᛫ emaciated ᛫ weakly ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wanton ƿanton ᛫ uneducated ᛫ unrestrained ᛫ AJ ~ NE kin: team; tow
wanwit ƿanƿit ᛫ an idiot ᛫ a fool ᛫ N ~ NE
war ƿar ᛫ a hard or rough patch of skin ᛫ a callus ᛫ a knot or a burl in wood ᛫ N warre[wearr] ME rhyme: lore (A after W regularly sounds like O, as in swan, water, etc)
ward ƿard ᛫ a district ᛫ a section of a hospital ᛫ N ~ NE
ward ƿard ᛫ a guard ᛫ a guardian ᛫ a sentinel ᛫ a gaoler ᛫ a jailor ᛫ a protection ᛫ guard ᛬ to guard ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE "warden" is from Frankish
ward off ƿard off ᛫ to repel ᛫ to avoid being hit by something ᛫ to keep at bay ᛫ to protect against ᛫ V ~ NE
wardman ƿardman ᛫ a guard ᛫ watchman ᛫ a gaoler ᛫ a jailer ᛫ N wardman ME
wardsettle ƿardsettel ᛫ a guard post ᛫ N wardsetle ME
ware ƿare ᛫ alga ᛫ seaweed ᛫ N wor/ware[wār] ME
ware ƿare ᛫ to guard oneself ᛫ to be on one's guard ᛫ to give heed ᛫ to beware of ᛫ to avoid ᛫ to shun ᛬ aware ᛫ conscious ᛫ wary ᛫ vigilant ᛫ V᛬AJ ~ NE
ware ƿare ᛫ a commodity ᛫ N ~ NE
waregoose ƿaregoose ᛫ the Branta bernicla bird ( a brant ) ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
warehouse ƿarehuse ᛫ a place for storing large numbers of products ᛬ to store ( as in a warehouse ) ᛫ to institute people ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
waren ƿaren ᛫ inhabitants ( plural only ) ᛫ N gewaran OE becomes: -er as a suffix
waresawl ƿaresaƿl ᛫ cautious of speech ᛫ AJ wærsagol{soþsawel} OE
wark ƿark ᛫ pain ᛫ suffering ᛬ to suffer ᛫ to pain ᛫ to hurt ᛫ N᛬V wark[wærc/wærcan] ME
warkand ƿarkand ᛫ painful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
warkleech ƿarkleec ᛫ an anesthesiologist / an anaesthesiologist ᛫ an anesthetist / an anaesthetist ᛫ N wark+leech ME+NE
warlock ƿarlock ᛫ a sorcerer or a magician ( esp an evil one ) ᛫ N ~[warlou][wǣrloga] NE doublet: warlow
warlow ƿarloƿ ᛫ a traitor ᛫ an oath-breaker ᛫ warlou[wǣrloga] ME literally: oath-liar ᛫ doublet: warlock
warn ƿarn ᛫ to inform ᛫ to notify ᛫ to notify of danger or risk ᛫ V warn&warnen NE&OE kin: aware ᛫ this word was broader in Middle English
warp ƿarp ᛫ to bend ᛫ to twist ᛫ to distort ᛫ V ~ NE
warple ƿarpel ᛫ a varvel ᛫ N wyrpel OE
warry ƿarry ᛫ a monster ᛫ a criminal ᛫ a felon ᛫ N wari[wearg] ME or: warough; warrow ᛫ "warg" reintroduced by Tolkien
warry ƿarry ᛫ to complain about ᛫ to speak profanely ᛫ to swear ᛫ to curse ᛫ to curse someone ᛫ to rail against ᛫ to trashtalk ᛫ V warien ME
warryen ƿarryen ᛫ a monstress ᛫ a criminaless ᛫ a feloness ᛫ N grundwyrgen OE
warrylore ƿarrylore ᛫ criminology ᛫ N wari+lore ME+NE
warryness ƿarryness ᛫ evil ᛫ villainy ᛫ N weargness OE
warryqueath ƿarrycƿeaþ ᛫ to curse ᛫ N weargcweþan OE
warryqueddle ƿarrycƿeddel ᛫ foul-mouthed ᛫ prone to cursing ᛫ slanderous ᛫ AJ weargcwedol OE
warth ƿarþ ᛫ a shore ᛫ a ford ᛫ N warth[waroþ] ME kin: ware (alga)
warthfarth ƿarþfarþ ᛫ a shore wave ᛫ N waroþfaroþ OE
wary ƿary ᛫ to fulminate ᛫ to rant ᛫ to speak profanely ᛫ to curse ᛫ to invoke divine wrath on someone ᛫ V wā̆rien ME
wary ƿary ᛫ cautious ᛫ guarded ᛫ careful ᛫ AJ ~ NE
washhouse ƿaschuse ᛫ a building used for laundry ᛫ N ~ NE
washing ƿascing ᛫ laundry ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
washland ƿascland ᛫ land that is periodically flooded ᛫ N ~ NE
washroom ƿascroom ᛫ a laundry room ᛫ N ~ NE
wassail ƿassail ᛫ a salutation of good health ᛫ a toast ᛬ toast! ᛫ cheers! ᛫ health to you! ᛫ N᛬I wassail ME‹N
wassom ƿassom ᛫ growth ᛫ increase ᛫ produce ( edible plants ) ᛫ vegetables ᛫ fruit ( including figuratively ) ᛫ N wastme&wæstm ME&OE
wassombere ƿassombere ᛫ fruitful ᛫ fertile ᛫ fruit-bearing ᛫ AJ wastmbēre ME
watch ƿac ᛫ a vigil ᛫ observation ᛫ surveillance ᛫ guard ᛬ to observe ᛫ to surveil ᛫ to guard ᛫ N:V ~ NE [OED]
watcher ƿacer ᛫ an observer ᛫ N ~ NE
watchful ƿacful ᛫ vigilant ᛫ observant ᛫ alert ᛫ AJ ~ NE
watchfulness ƿacfulness ᛫ insomnia ᛫ inability to sleep ᛫ N ~ NE
watchhouse ƿachuse ᛫ a police station ᛫ a guard house ᛫ N watch-house NE [OED]
watchman ƿacman ᛫ a sentry ᛫ a sentinel ᛫ a guard ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
watchword ƿacƿord ᛫ a password ᛫ N ~[waccheword] NE
water dropwort ƿater dropƿurt ᛫ an Oenanthe plant ᛫ N ~ NE
water elm ƿater elm ᛫ a Planera aquatica plant ( a planertree ) ᛫ N ~ NE
water horehound ƿater horehund ᛫ a Lycopus plant ( AKA bugleweed and gypsywort ) ᛫ N ~ NE
water strider ƿater strider ᛫ a Gerridae insect ᛫ a water skeeter ᛫ a pond skater ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
waterask ƿaterask ᛫ a newt ᛫ N ~ NE
waterbear ƿaterbear ᛫ a tardigrade ᛫ N water bear NE [MW]
waterbuck ƿaterbuck ᛫ an African antelope ( Kobus ellipsiprymnus ) ᛫ N ~ NE
Waterer Ƿaterer ᛫ Aquarius ᛫ N(P) ~ NE [OED] ᛫ or: Waterman
waterflask ƿaterflask ᛫ a water flask ᛫ a water bottle ᛫ a pitcher ᛫ N wæterflaxan OE‹I? or: waterflax
waterfowl ƿaterfule ᛫ an Anseriformes bird ᛫ N ~ NE
waterfree ƿaterfree ᛫ waterproof ᛫ devoid of water ᛫ AJ water-free NE&ANE [OED]
waterhen ƿaterhen ᛫ a Rallidae bird ᛫ N ~ NE
waterhog ƿaterhog ᛫ a capybara ᛫ N water hog NE [Encyclopædia Britannica]
waterhorse ƿaterhorse ᛫ a hippopotamus ᛫ N ~ NE
waterleat ƿaterleat ᛫ an aqueduct ᛫ N wætergelǣt OE
waterleech ƿaterleec ᛫ any Hirudinea animal ᛫ N wā̆terlẹ̄che ME
waterlily ƿaterlilly ᛫ a Nymphaeaceae plant ( a water lily , a lotus ) ᛫ a Nelumbonaceae plant ( a lotus ) ᛫ N water-lily NE [OED]
waterlode ƿaterlode ᛫ a channel for water ᛫ an aqueduct ᛫ N wā̆ter-lōde ME
waterly ƿaterly ᛫ aquatic ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Waterman Ƿaterman ᛫ Aquarius ᛫ N(P) ~ NE [OED] ᛫ or: Waterer
watermark ƿatermark ᛫ a distinguishing mark impressed on paper ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
watermole ƿatermole ᛫ a desmon ᛫ a platypus ᛫ N water mole NE [MW]
waterouzel ƿateroosel ᛫ Cinclus cinclus ᛫ Cinclus mexicanus ᛫ N waterouzel NE
waterpipe ƿaterpipe ᛫ a water organ ᛫ a hydraulus ᛫ N waterpipe ME
waterscooter ƿaterscooter ᛫ a jet ski ᛫ a personal watercraft ᛫ N water scooter NE‹(E+N)
watershed ƿatersced ᛫ a water basin ᛫ a turning point ᛫ N ~ NE
watertight ƿatertigt ᛫ having no obvious flaws or weaknesses ᛫ impervious to valid criticism ᛫ AJ ~ NE
waterwall ƿaterƿall ᛫ a moat ᛫ N waturwal ME [OED]
waterwave ƿaterƿafe ᛫ a wave of water ᛫ a tsunami ᛫ N water-wave NE [OED]
waterway ƿaterƿay ᛫ a navigable river ᛫ a canal ᛫ a stretch of sea or lake ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
wattle ƿattel ᛫ an Acacia plant ᛫ N ~ NE from Australian English
wattle ƿattel ᛫ poles for constructing walls ᛫ poles laid on a roof to support thatch ᛫ N ~[wā̆tel][watel/watul] ME
wave ƿafe ᛫ a fluctuation ᛫ a spectacle ᛬ to fluctuate ᛫ to wonder at ᛫ N᛬V wave&wafian NE&OE
waverly ƿaferly ᛫ theatrical ᛫ AJ wæferlīc OE
waverness ƿaferness ᛫ a public exhibition ᛫ N wæferness OE
waving ƿafing ᛫ amazement ᛫ spectacle ᛫ N wafung OE
wavingstow ƿafingstoƿ ᛫ a place for spectacles ᛫ a theatre ᛫ N wafungstōw OE
waw ƿaƿ ᛫ to stir ᛫ to move ᛫ to sway ᛫ V wawen[wagian] ME rhyme: law
wax ƿax ᛫ to increase ᛫ to become larger ᛫ to become stronger ᛫ V ~ NE
waxing moon ƿaxing ᛫ the moon at any time after new moon and before full moon ᛫ N ~ NE
waxleaf ƿaxleaf ᛫ wax paper ᛫ N wax+leaf NE×2
waxlight ƿaxligt ᛫ a candle ᛫ N ~ NE
way ƿay ᛫ a style of doing something ᛫ a method ᛫ N ~ NE
waybroad ƿaybroad ᛫ a Plantago major plant ᛫ N ~[wegbrade] NE or: waybread; whiteman's foot; ripple grass; Englishman's foot
wayfare ƿayfare ᛫ traveling ᛫ a journey ᛬ to travel to journey ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
wayfarer ƿayfarer ᛫ a traveller ᛫ N ~ NE
wayfaring ƿayfaring ᛫ traveling ᛫ itinerant ᛫ peregrine ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
wayfinder ƿayfinder ᛫ a navigator ᛫ N ~ NE
wayfinding ƿayfinding ᛫ navigation ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
waylay ƿaylay ᛫ to ambush ᛫ to accost ᛫ to intercept ᛫ to impede ᛫ to obstruct ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
wayleat ƿayleat ᛫ a junction ᛫ N weilete ME
wayless ƿayless ᛫ directionless ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wayward ƿayƿard ᛫ difficult to control or predict because of wilful or perverse behaviour ᛫ uncontrollable ᛫ ungovernable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
waywiser ƿayƿiser • a pedometer • an odometer • a perambulator • N ~ NE [OED]
waywrit ƿayƿrit ᛫ a passport ᛫ N way+writ NE×2 calque: IS vegabréf
weal ƿeal ᛫ wealth ᛫ riches ᛫ possessions ᛫ prosperity ᛫ good fortune ᛫ welfare ᛫ N weal&wēle NE&ME kin: wealth
wealsman ƿealsman ᛫ a statesman ᛫ N ~ NE
wealthlore ƿealþlore ᛫ economics ( the field of study ) ᛫ N wealth+lore NE×2
wealthy ƿealþy ᛫ affluent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wean ƿean ᛫ to train ᛫ to practice ᛫ to accustom ᛫ to train to lose a dependency ( esp milk or drugs ) ᛫ V wean&wenian NE&OE
weapon ƿeapon ᛫ an arm ᛬ to arm ᛫ N᛬V ~[wǣpnian] NE
weaponbearer ƿeaponbearer ᛫ one who is armed ᛫ N wǣpenberend OE
weaponed ƿeaponed ᛫ armed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
weaponedhood ƿeaponedhood ᛫ manhood ᛫ N wǣpnedhād OE
weaponedkind ƿeaponedkind ᛫ the male sex ᛫ N wǣpnedcyn OE
weaponhalt ƿeaponhalt ᛫ an armistice ᛫ N weapon+halt NE×2
weaponhouse ƿeaponhuse ᛫ an armoury ᛫ N wǣpenhūs OE
weaponing ƿeaponing ᛫ arms ᛫ N wǣpnung OE
weaponless ƿeaponless ᛫ unarmed ᛫ AJ ~ NE [MW]
weaponthrake ƿeaponþrake ᛫ force of arms ᛫ N wǣpenþracu OE
weaponwifester ƿeaponƿifester ᛫ a hermaphrodite ᛫ an intersex person ᛫ N wæpenwīfestre OE
weaponwrixle ƿeaponƿrixel ᛫ an armed conflict ᛫ N wǣpengewrixl OE
wear ƿear ᛫ a covenant ᛫ a compact ᛫ an agreement ᛫ a pledge ᛫ a pact [ᚹ] ᛫ an alliance [ᚹ] ᛫ N wǣr OE rhyme: sear ᛫ kin: warlock
weared ƿeared ᛫ confederated or allied by treaty ᛫ confederated ᛫ allied ᛫ AJ gewǣred OE kin: warlock
weariness ƿeariness ᛫ fatigue ᛫ lassitude ᛫ reluctance to experience more of something ᛫ N ~ NE
wearisome ƿearisum ᛫ tedious ᛫ tiresome ᛫ AJ ~ NE
weary ƿeary ᛫ tired ᛫ fatigued ᛫ AJ ~ NE
weasand ƿeasand ᛫ the oesophagus ᛫ the gullet ᛫ N ~[wesand] NE
weast ƿeast ᛫ to lay waste to ᛫ to ravage ᛫ to devastate ᛫ to waste away ᛬ desolate ᛫ deserted ᛫ uninhabited ᛫ barren ᛫ V᛬AJ wēsten&wēste ME&ME
weasten ƿeasten ᛫ a wasteland ᛫ a desert ᛫ N wẹ̄sten ME rhyme: best inn
weastenlox ƿeastenlox ᛫ a caracal ᛫ a desert lynx ᛫ Persian lynx ᛫ N wēsten+lox ME+OE Caracals are also known as "desert lynx" and "Persian lynx".
weastensettler ƿeastensetteler ᛫ a hermit ᛫ N wēstensetla OE
weathe ƿeaþe ᛫ to hunt ᛫ to chase ? ᛫ V wǣþan OE kin: wāþ
weatherglass ƿeaþerglass ᛫ a barometer ᛫ N ~ NE
weatherlore ƿeaþerlore ᛫ meteorology ᛫ N weather+lore NE+NE
weathershell ƿeaþerscell ᛫ a troposphere ᛫ N weather+shell NE×2
weaveloom ƿeafloom ᛫ a loom ᛫ N weave+loom NE×2 this word is to let "loom" to go back to its broader meaning
webber ƿebber ᛫ a weaver ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
webleaf ƿebleaf ᛫ a webpage ᛫ N web+leaf NE×2
webstead ƿebstead ᛫ a website ᛫ N web+stead NE×2
webthew ƿebþeƿ ᛫ a web server ᛫ N web+thew NE
webwright ƿebƿrigt ᛫ a fuller ᛫ N webwyrhta OE
wed ƿed ᛫ a security ( something given to secure the fulfilment of an obligation ) ᛫ a contract ᛫ a pledge ᛬ to pledge ᛫ to marry ᛫ N᛬V wed&weddian NE&OE
wedbreach ƿedbreac ᛫ adultery ᛫ N ~ NE
wedbreaker ƿedbreaker ᛫ an adulterer ᛫ N ~ NE
wedded ƿedded ᛫ married ᛫ pledged ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wedgebone ƿecgbone ᛫ a sphenoid bone ᛫ N ~ NE
wedgewriting ƿecgƿriting ᛫ cuneiform ᛫ N wedge-writing NE
wedlock ƿedlock ᛫ marriage ᛫ matrimony ᛫ N ~ NE
wedlockly ƿedlockly ᛫ matrimonial ᛫ AJ wedlock+ly NE×2
wedlow ƿedloƿ ᛫ a pledge breaker ᛫ N wedlowe[wedloga] ME or: wedlock (in keeping with warlock)
Wednesday Ƿednesday ᛫ Wednesday ᛫ N(P) ~{Wodenesday} NE or: Woodnesday
Wednesnight Ƿednesnigt ᛫ the night following Wednesday's dusk ᛫ N(P) ~[wōdnesniht] NE
wedset ƿedset ᛫ mortgage ᛬ to mortgage ᛫ N᛬V wedsetten ME found in Scotland as "wadset"
wee ƿee ᛫ diminutive ᛫ minute ᛫ AJ ~ NE
weed ƿeed ᛫ a garment ᛫ a vestment ᛫ clothing ᛫ dress ᛫ N ~ NE
weed ƿeed ᛫ an ague ᛫ a sudden fever ᛫ N ~[wedenonfa] NE
weed ƿeed ᛫ to act crazy ᛫ to rage ᛫ V wēdan OE kin: wood; Wednesday
weedle ƿeedel ᛫ penury ᛫ indigence ᛫ extreme poverty ᛬ to beg ᛬ poor ( lacking wealth ) ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ wēdle[wǣdl]&wēdlen ME
Weedmonth Ƿeedmonþ ᛫ August ᛫ N(P) wēodmōnaþ OE
weedtree ƿeedtree ᛫ a sassafras tree ᛫ N weed+tree NE×2 calque: ague tree
weekly book ƿeekly ᛫ a weekly periodical or magazine ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
weem ƿeem ᛫ to allure ᛫ to attract ᛫ to entice ᛫ to seduce ᛫ V gewēman&wēman OE&OE kin: wōma
ween ƿeen ᛫ to suppose ᛫ to be of the opinion ᛫ to opine ᛫ to expect ᛫ to anticipate ᛫ V wēnen ME
weening ƿeening ᛫ a supposition ᛫ an opinion ᛫ an expectation ᛫ an anticipation ᛫ N wēning ME
weep ƿeep ᛫ to cry ᛫ to shed tears ᛫ to exude liquid ᛫ V ~ NE
weer ƿeer ᛫ to guard ᛫ to defend ᛫ to defend an ideological position ᛫ V wēren[werian] ME
weeved ƿeefed ᛫ an altar ᛫ N weved[weofod]{wīgbed} ME
weeze ƿees ᛫ to ooze ᛫ to steep in a liquid ᛫ to macerate ᛫ to saturate ᛫ V wēsen ME kin: ooze
weft ƿeft ᛫ the crosswise threads on a loom ᛫ the yarn used for the weft ᛫ a hair extension ᛫ N ~ NE
weigh ƿeig ᛫ to assess the nature or importance of ᛫ to compare importance ᛫ to have weight ᛫ V ~ NE
Weighs Ƿeigs ᛫ Libra ᛫ PN weighes ME
weighs ƿeigs ᛫ a set of scales ᛫ a balance ᛫ N weyes ANE [OED]
weight ƿeigt ᛫ importance ᛫ N ~ NE
weighty ƿeigty ᛫ important ᛫ AJ ~{HG wichtig} NE
weir ƿeir ᛫ a dam of a low and regulatory nature ᛫ N ~ NE
welfare ƿelfare ᛫ the health happiness and fortunes of a person or group ᛫ N ~ NE
welkin ƿelkin ᛫ a cloud ᛫ clouds ᛫ sky ᛫ N welkin&wolcne NE&ME
well ƿell ᛫ to rise to the surface ᛫ to bubble forth ᛫ to gush up ᛫ to gush forth ᛫ to flow ᛫ to brim up ᛫ V ~ NE
well ƿell ᛫ a trunk of a car ᛫ a boot of a car ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
wellaway ƿellaƿay ᛫ alas! ( expresses sadness or regret ) ᛫ I wellaway[weg-lā-weg] NE
weller ƿeller ᛫ lips ᛫ labium ᛫ N weler ME
wellheeled ƿellheeled ᛫ affluent ᛫ AJ wellheeled NE
wellhung ƿellhung ᛫ dry aged ( of meat ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wellnigh ƿellnige ᛫ almost ᛫ nearly ᛫ AV ~ NE
wellread ƿellread ᛫ erudite ( from reading books ) ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wellspring ƿellspring ᛫ a fountain ᛫ a fount ᛫ N ~ NE
wellwilling ƿellƿilling ᛫ benevolent ᛫ benignant ᛫ of good will ᛫ AJ welwillende OE
Welsh Ƿelsc ᛫ Celtic language ᛬ Celtic ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) welsh+welisc ME+OE see: Norwelsh
welt ƿelt ᛫ to topple ᛫ to fall over ᛫ to fall in defeat ᛫ to overturn ᛫ to overset ᛫ to throw over ᛫ V welten ME
welter ƿelter ᛫ a general confusion ᛬ to roll around ᛫ wallow ᛫ luxuriate ᛫ rise and fall ᛫ tumble over ᛫ N᛬V welter&welter NE&ME
wem ƿem ᛫ a stain ᛫ a bruise ᛫ a blemish ᛫ a fault ᛫ a defect ᛫ an impurity ᛫ a scar ᛫ a cicatrix ᛬ to disfigure ᛫ to blemish ᛫ to vitiate ᛫ to scar ᛫ to cicatrize ᛫ N᛬V wem&wem&wemman ANE&ME&OE
wemdeed ƿemdeed ᛫ a trespass ᛫ a crime ᛫ N wammdǣd OE
wemful ƿemful ᛫ flagitious ᛫ guilty ᛫ AJ wammful OE
wemlust ƿemlust ᛫ a foul pleasure ᛫ an allurement ᛫ seduction ᛫ N wammlust OE
wemmy ƿemmy ᛫ stained ᛫ bruised ᛫ faulty ᛫ defective ᛫ impure ᛫ AJ wem+y ME+NE
wemquid ƿemcƿid ᛫ slander ᛫ blasphemy ᛫ N wammcwide OE
wen ƿen ᛫ a boil or a growth on the skin ᛫ a sebaceous cyst ᛫ a cyst ᛫ an overcrowded city ᛫ N ~[wen] NE [LEX]
wench ƿenc ᛫ an unlikeable or disreputable woman ᛫ a girl ᛫ a young woman ᛫ N ~ NE often has a negative connotation today
wenchel ƿencel ᛫ a girl ᛫ a young woman ᛫ N wenchel ME "wench" comes from this word
wend ƿend ᛫ a turn ᛫ a change ᛫ a transformation ᛬ to turn ᛫ to change ᛫ to alter ᛫ to go ᛫ to travel ᛫ to traverse ᛫ to translate ᛫ N᛬V wend&wenden&wend ME&ME&OE PST: wended; went ᛫ consider using "wend into" for "translate to"
wendendliness ƿendendliness ᛫ mutability ᛫ changeableness ᛫ N āwendedlicnes OE
wendendly ƿendendly ᛫ capable of movement ᛫ capable of change ᛫ versatile ᛫ AJ awendedlic OE
Wendland Ƿendland ᛫ the country of the Wends ᛫ N(P) Weonodland OE
Wendle Ƿendel ᛫ a Vandal ᛫ N(P) Wendel Sea NE
Wendle Sea Ƿendel ᛫ Mediterranean Sea ᛫ N(P) ~ NE
Went Ƿent ᛫ the people of Gwent ᛫ N(P) wente{wentsǣte} OE
went ƿent ᛫ a passageway ᛫ a lane ᛫ an alley ᛫ a course ᛫ a disposition ᛫ a method ᛫ a plan of action ᛫ a turning ᛫ a change of direction ᛫ N went ME assumed to be linked to the verb "wenden"
wepman ƿepman ᛫ an adult human male ᛫ N wepman[wǣpmann] ME short for "weapon man" ᛫ opposite of wifeman (woman)
were ƿere ᛫ an adult human male ᛫ a male ᛫ a husband ( a male spouse ) ᛫ N were&wer NE&OE rhyme: where
wered ƿered ᛫ a multitude of men ᛫ a band assembled for military purposes ᛫ a legion ᛫ a troop ᛫ N wēred[weorod] ME
werehatred ƿerehatred ᛫ misandry ᛫ N were+hatred NE×2 calque: misandry
werely ƿerely ᛫ male ᛫ masculine ᛫ masculine ( grammatical term ) ᛫ AJ werlic OE
wern ƿern ᛫ a refusal ᛬ to refuse ᛫ N᛬V wernen&wirn ME&OE
Wern Ƿern ᛫ one of the Varini or Varinnae ᛫ N(P) Wernum OE
werve ƿerf ᛫ a beast of burden ᛫ a riding animal ᛫ N werve[weorf] ME
wesend ƿesend ᛫ a bison ᛫ N wesend OE
Wesleyish Ƿesleyisc ᛫ of or pertaining to Methodism ᛫ AJ(P) NE calque: Wesleyan
Wessexlaw Ƿessexlaƿ ᛫ the region in Britain which was governed by West Saxon law ᛫ N(P) westesaxene-lega OE
westen ƿesten ᛫ from the west ᛫ AV westan OE
Western Ƿestern ᛫ Occidental ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Westerner Ƿesterner ᛫ an Occidental ᛫ N ~ NE
wetbrain ƿetbrain ᛫ Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ᛫ N ~ NE
wetch ƿec ᛫ to rouse ᛫ to provoke ᛫ to arouse ᛫ V wecchen&awecchen ME
wether ƿeþer ᛫ a male sheep ᛬ Aries ᛫ N᛬N(P) wether[weþer] ME
wetherflesh ƿeþerflesc ᛫ the flesh of a sheep or ram mutton ᛫ N wetheres flesh ME
wetland ƿetland ᛫ a stretch of habitually wet land ( including swamps marshes fens bogs and mires ) ᛫ N ~ NE
wettener ƿettener ᛫ moisturizer ᛫ N wet+en+er NE×3
wey ƿey ᛫ to move ᛫ to move something ᛫ to convey ᛫ V weien/aweien/awecgan ME kin: weigh; bewegen
whalebird hƿalebird ᛫ a prion bird ᛫ a petrel bird ᛫ N ~ NE
whalebone hƿalebone ᛫ baleen ᛫ N ~ NE or: whalehorn (only attested once)
whalelore hƿalelore ᛫ cetology ᛫ N ~ NE
whaleshot hƿalescot ᛫ spermaceti ᛫ whale oil ᛫ N ~ NE
whall hƿall ᛫ procax ᛫ impudent ᛫ insolent ᛫ AJ hweall OE
wharft hƿarft ᛫ a circuit ᛫ a circle ᛫ a revolution ᛫ an orbit ᛫ a conversion ᛫ a turning ᛫ N hwearft OE
wharftle hƿarftel ᛫ propaganda ᛫ N hwearft+le OE+ME literally: turning-instrument/means
wharftspit hƿarftspit ᛫ a rotisserie ᛫ N wharft+spit ME+NE inspired by: Drehspieß
wharve hƿarf ᛫ to turn ᛫ to rotate ᛫ to convert ᛫ V wharven ME
wharvebone hƿarfbone ᛫ a vertebra ᛫ a bodily joint ᛫ N hweorfban OE
wharveful hƿarfful ᛫ fickle ᛫ AJ hwurful OE
wharvel hƿarfel ᛫ a turbine ᛫ N wharve+le NE+NE calque: hverfill
wharvely hƿarfly ᛫ changeable ᛫ turnable ᛫ mutable ᛫ AJ hwurflīc OE
wharver hƿarfer ᛫ a changer ( esp a currency changer ) ᛫ a joint ᛫ a whorl ᛫ N hwerfere&hweorfa OE
wharver hƿarfer ᛫ -trope ᛫ SUFFIX hweorfa OE
whas hƿas ᛫ sharp ᛫ keen ᛫ AJ hwæs OE DUBIOUS ᛫ kin: hvass (N)
what hƿat ᛫ ( commands or requests others to pay attention ) ᛫ I what ME
what hƿat ᛫ eager ᛫ AJ what&hwæt ME&OE
whate hƿate ᛫ fortune ᛫ fortune as a causal force ᛫ divination ᛫ an augury ᛫ an omen ᛫ N whāte&hwatu ME&OE
whater hƿater ᛫ an augur ᛫ diviner ᛫ N hwata OE
whather hƿaþer ᛫ to roar ? ᛫ to foam ? ᛫ V hwaþerian OE I don't trust Bosworth's definition
whating hƿating ᛫ divination ᛫ N hwatung OE
whatness hƿatness ᛫ quiddity ᛫ the essential nature of something ᛫ a definition ᛫ a je ne sais quoi ᛫ N ~ NE&ANE [OED]
whaup hƿaup ᛫ a curlew ᛫ N ~ NE see: OE hūilpa ᛫ onomatopoeia ᛫ "au" pronounced as in "August"
wheatmeal hƿeatmeal ᛫ wheaten meal ᛫ flour made from wheat ᛫ N hwǣtemelu OE as compared to oatmeal, cormeal, peameal, etc
wheedle hƿeedel ᛫ to cajole ᛫ to coax ᛫ V ~ NE
wheel hƿeel ᛫ a pustule ᛬ to pustulate ᛫ to fester ᛫ to suppurate ᛫ V whēle[hwelian] ME
wheen hƿeen ᛫ a considerable amount or number ᛫ N ~[hwēne] NE
whelk hƿelk ᛫ a Buccinidae animal ( sea snail ) ᛫ N ~{welk}{weoloc} NE
whelk hƿelk ᛫ a pimple ᛫ N ~[hwylca] NE [LEX]
whelkred hƿelkred ᛫ the colour of the dye made from Buccinidae snails ᛫ scarlet ᛫ purple ᛬ scarlet ᛫ purple ᛫ N᛬AJ welkenrēd&weolocrēad ME&OE or: whelkenred
whelm hƿelm ᛫ to cover ᛫ to submerge ᛫ to engulf ᛫ V ~ NE
whelp hƿelp ᛫ a young offspring of a canid ᛫ a puppy ᛫ an insolent youth ᛬ ( of animals ) to give birth ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
whelpling hƿelpling ᛫ a little whelp ᛫ N ~ NE
whelve hƿelf ᛫ to invert ᛫ to turn upside down ᛫ V whelven ME
whem hƿem ᛫ a corner ᛫ an angle ᛬ to angle ᛫ to slope ᛫ to incline ᛫ N hwem&hwemman OE
whence hƿens ᛫ from where ᛫ AV ~ NE
wher hƿer ᛫ a cooking vessel ᛫ a cauldron ᛫ a kettle ᛫ a pot ᛫ N hwer[hwer] ME
wherefore hƿerefore ᛫ for what reason ᛬ as a result of which ᛫ AV᛬C ~ NE
whereof hƿereof ᛫ of what ᛫ of which ᛫ AV ~ NE
wherewithal hƿereƿiþal ᛫ the ability standing or resources to do something ᛫ N ~ NE
wherwhet hƿerhƿet ᛫ a Cucumis sativus plant ( a cucumber ) ᛫ N werwette[hwerhwette] ME
whet hƿet ᛫ to stimulate ᛫ to sharpen ᛫ to excite ᛫ V ~ NE
whey hƿey ᛫ serum ᛫ blood serum ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
whichness hƿicness ᛫ a quality ᛫ N hwilcness&gehwilcness OE
whig hƿig ᛫ a liberal ( in the classical sense ) ᛫ N ~ NE
while hƿile ᛫ a period of time ᛬ to pass time in leisure ᛬ at the same time ᛫ whereas though ᛫ N᛬V᛬C ~ NE
whilend hƿilend ᛫ temporary ᛫ transitory ᛫ transient ᛫ ephemeral ᛫ AJ whilwende[hwīlwende] ME
whilere hƿilere ᛫ a short time ago ᛫ AV ~ NE
whilestitch hƿilestic ᛫ a fragment of time ᛫ N hwīlstycce OE
whilf hƿilf ᛫ to arch ᛫ vault ᛫ V hwilf OE
whilom hƿilom ᛫ former ᛬ formerly ᛫ in the past ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
whimsiness hƿimsiness ᛫ caprice ᛫ N ~ NE
whimsy hƿimsy ᛫ capricious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
whinge hƿincg ᛫ to complain ᛫ V ~ NE
whirlbone hƿirlbone ᛫ a patella ᛫ N ~ NE [MW]
whirligig hƿirligig ᛫ any spinning toy ( a top , a pinwheel ) ᛫ a merry-go-round ᛫ a carousel ᛫ a whirligig beetle ᛫ N ~ NE+N
whirlpool hƿirlpool ᛫ a vortex ᛫ N ~ NE
whirlth hƿirlþ ᛫ vorticity ᛫ N whirl+th NE×2
whirlwind hƿirlƿind ᛫ a tornado ᛫ a column of whirling air ᛫ N ~ NE
whirlybird hƿirlybird ᛫ a helicopter ( slang ) ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
whist hƿist ᛫ silent ᛫ quiet ᛬ shh ! ᛫ hush ! ᛫ quiet ! ᛫ AJ᛬I whist ME
whistle hƿistel ᛫ a flute ᛫ a pipe for music ᛫ N whistle&whistle NE+ME
whit hƿit ᛫ a very small part or amount ᛫ the smallest possible portion of something ᛫ an iota ( not literally the Greek letter ) ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
whitch hƿic ᛫ a chest ( as in large box ) ᛫ N whicche[hwicce] ME found in: Whitcher (surname)
Whitches Hƿicces ᛫ the Anglo-Saxon people of Hwicce , a small state which extended over Gloucestershire , Worcestershire , and part of Warwickshire ᛫ N(P) Hwiccas OE
white bothen hƿite boþen ᛫ an Chrysanthemum leucanthemum plant ( ox-eye daisy ) ᛫ N whit bothen ME
white death hƿite deaþ ᛫ tuberculosis ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
white lead hƿite lead ᛫ ceruse ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
White Russland Hƿite ᛫ Belarus ᛫ N(P) white+Russ+land NE×2‹+NE calque: Беларусь ᛫ commonly calqued in Germanic languages
White Sheep Turkmen Sceep ᛫ Aq Qoyunlu / Ak Koyunlu ᛫ N(P) White Sheep Turkomans NE
white whale hƿite hƿale ᛫ a Delphinapterus leucas cetacean ( a beluga whale ) ᛫ N ~ NE
whiteant hƿiteant ᛫ a termite ᛫ N white ant NE
whiteback hƿiteback ᛫ an Aythya valisineria bird ( a canvasback ) ᛫ N ~ NE
whitehot hƿitehot ᛫ incandescent ᛫ AJ ~ NE
whitemeat hƿitemeat ᛫ a dairy product ᛫ N whītmē̆te ME "meat" here doesn't refer to flesh
whitepepper hƿitepepper ᛫ an Eruca vesicaria plant ( arugula ) ᛫ N whītpeper ME
whiterat hƿiterat ᛫ Mustela erminea ? ᛫ N whītrat ME
whitesmith hƿitesmiþ ᛫ a worker in white metals ( esp a tinsmith ) ᛫ a worker in metalic finishing , polishing , or galvanizing ᛫ N ~ NE
whitethorn hƿiteþorn ᛫ common hawthorn ( Crataegus oxyacantha ) ᛫ buckthorn ( Rhamnus cathartica ) ᛫ N whītthorn ME
whitewater hƿiteƿater ᛫ any turbulent water as found in rapids ᛫ ( figuratively ) turbulent conditions ᛫ N white water NE
whitewhale hƿitehƿale ᛫ an obsession ᛫ N white whale NE figurative meaning from Moby-Dick
whith hƿiþ ᛫ a breeze ᛫ an aura ᛫ N hwiþa OE kin: hviða (Icelandic)
whither hƿiþer ᛫ to where ᛫ to which ᛫ wherever ᛫ to what place ᛫ to what condition ᛫ AV ~ NE
whiting hƿiting ᛫ a Merlangius merlangus fish ᛫ N ~ NE
whitret hƿitret ᛫ a weasel or stoat ᛫ N ~ NE or: whittret
Whitstow Hƿitstoƿ ᛫ Mount Lebanon ᛫ Lebanon ( poetic) [ᚹ] ᛫ N(P) hwītstōw OE
Whitsun Hƿitsun ᛫ Pentecost ᛫ N(P) ~ NE or: Whitsunday; Whit Sunday
Whitsunday Hƿitsunday ᛫ Pentecost ( a Christian festival held on the seventh Sunday after Easter ) ᛫ N ~[Hwīta Sunnandǣg] NE or: Whitsun ᛫ [LEX]
Whitsuntide Hƿitsuntide ᛫ the weekend or week including Whitsunday ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
whittle hƿittel ᛫ a knife ᛫ a clasp-knife ᛬ to reduce gradually ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
whittle hƿittel ᛫ a blanket ᛫ a mantle ᛫ a flannel petticoat ᛫ a cape ᛫ a double blanket worn over the shoulders ᛫ N whittle[whītel/whyttel] NE
whoaster hƿoaster ᛫ to whisper ᛫ murmur ᛫ mutter ᛫ V hwāstrian OE
whole hƿole ᛫ entirety ᛫ a thing complete in itself ᛬ entire ᛫ intact ᛬ entirely ᛫ N᛬AJ᛬AV ~ NE
wholehearted hƿolehearted ᛫ sincere and fully committed ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wholesale hƿolesale ᛫ done on a large scale ᛫ extensive ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wholesome hƿolesum ᛫ conducive to good health and well-being ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wholewise hƿoleƿise ᛫ as a whole ᛫ completely ᛫ all at once ᛫ AV ~ NE
wholf hƿolf ᛫ an arch ᛫ a vault ᛫ N wholffe/wholve[hwealf] ME
wholly hƿolly ᛫ totally ᛫ entirely ᛫ AV ~ NE
whoon hƿoon ᛫ a little ᛫ a few ᛫ AJ hwōn OE
whoonly hƿoonly ᛫ small ᛫ little ᛫ slight ᛫ AJ hwōnlīc OE
whoop hƿoop ᛫ to threaten ᛫ V hwōpan OE
whoost hƿoost ᛫ a cough ᛬ to cough ᛫ N᛬V ~[hwōstan] NE
whooze hƿoos ᛫ to cough ᛫ V hwōsan OE
whore hƿore ᛫ a prostitute ᛫ a hooker ᛬ to prostitute ᛫ N᛬V ~[hōr] NE
whoredom hƿoredom ᛫ prostitution ᛫ N ~ NE
whorehouse hƿorehuse ᛫ brothel ᛫ N ~ NE
whorekeeper hƿorekeeper ᛫ a pimp ᛫ a madam ᛫ N whore-keeper NE [OED]
whoreling hƿoreling ᛫ a fornicator ᛫ an adulterer ᛫ N horling ME
whoreson hƿoresun ᛫ an unpleasant or greatly disliked person ᛫ a scoundrel ᛫ N ~ NE
whoso ƿhoso ᛫ whoever ᛫ N(PRO) ~ NE "whoever" is Anglisc too ᛫ or: whosoever
wick ƿick ᛫ a residence ᛫ a home ᛫ a collection of homes ᛫ a settlement ( a village , a town , a city ) ᛬ to encamp ᛫ to lodge (as in stay) ᛫ N wick[wī̆k]&wī̆ken[wīcian] NE‹‹I&ME‹‹I
wicken ƿicken ᛫ a duty ᛫ a responsibility ᛫ an office ᛫ a position ᛬ to hold an office ᛫ N᛬V wīken&wīcnian ME&OE
wickeny ƿickeny ᛫ official ᛫ having the approval or authorization of an authority [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ wīken+y ME+NE
wickner ƿickner ᛫ an official ᛫ an officer ᛫ N wickner&wīcnere NE&OE
wide ƿide ᛫ widely- ᛫ PREFIX wīd OE
widegale ƿidegale ᛫ spacious ᛫ vast ᛫ extensive ᛫ wide of passage ᛫ AJ wīdgal OE
widegaleness ƿidegaleness ᛫ spaciousness ᛫ vastness ᛫ extensiveness ᛫ N wīdgalness OE
widegangle ƿidegangle ᛫ roving ᛫ AJ wīdgangol OE
wideness ƿideness ᛫ width ᛫ breadth ᛫ vastness ᛫ spaciousness ᛫ capaciousness ᛫ N wīdenes ME
widge ƿicg ᛫ a horse ᛫ N ~[wicg] NE
widowsweeds ƿidoƿsƿeeds ᛫ black clothes worn by a widow in mourning ᛫ N ~ NE
width ƿidþ ᛫ one of the three dimensions of a solid object , side to side ᛫ N ~ NE
wield ƿeeld ᛫ to rule ᛫ to reign ᛫ to control ᛫ to command ᛫ to govern ᛫ N᛬V wield&wēld[weald/wald] NE&ME
wield ƿeeld ᛫ command ᛫ control ᛫ rule ᛫ reign ᛫ dominion ᛫ domain ᛫ domination ᛫ governance ᛫ N wẹ̄ld ME
wieldcraft ƿeeldcraft ᛫ politics ᛫ statecraft ᛫ the craft of ruling ᛫ the craft of government ᛫ N wẹ̄ld+craft ME+NE
wielder ƿeelder ᛫ a ruler ᛫ a controller ᛫ a governor ᛫ a master ( ownershipwise not skillwise ) ᛫ N ~[walda] NE
wieldy ƿeeldy ᛫ easily controlled or handled ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wife ƿife ᛫ a female ᛫ N wife&wīf[wīf] NE&ME
wifehatred ƿifehatred ᛫ misogyny ᛫ N wife+hatred NE×2 calque: misogyny
wifeleech ƿifeleec ᛫ a gynecologist ᛫ a gynaecologist ᛫ N wife+leech NE×2
wifely ƿifely ᛫ uxorial ᛫ female ᛫ feminine ᛫ grammatically feminine ᛫ AJ wifely&wiflic NE&OE
wig ƿig ᛫ an insect ᛫ a bug ᛫ N earwig&wicga NE&OE
wigh ƿige ᛫ an idol ᛫ N wīh OE kin: 𐍅𐌴𐌹𐌷𐍃
wight ƿigt ᛫ brave ᛫ valiant ᛫ courageous ᛫ physically powerful ᛫ AJ wight[vīgt] ME‹N
wight ƿigt ᛫ a creature ( esp a supernatural one ) ᛫ N ~ NE
Wight Island Ƿigt Iland ᛫ the Isle of Wight ᛫ N(P) Wight+island NE×2
wike ƿike ᛫ to give up ᛫ to yield ᛫ V wīken ME
wiking ƿiking ᛫ a pirate ᛫ a Viking ᛫ N wīcing OE of note: utwikingan (note the K)
wild ƿild ᛫ savage ᛫ undomesticated ᛫ uncultivated ᛫ uncivilized ᛫ hard to control ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wildcraft ƿildcraft • wilderness survival skills • N ~ NE [OED]
wilder ƿilder ᛫ a wild beast ᛫ N wildor OE
wilderness ƿilderness ᛫ an uncultivated and uninhabited region ᛫ N ~ NE
wildling ƿildling ᛫ a wild plant or animal ᛫ N ~ NE
wildman ƿildman • a barbarian • a savage • an uncivilised or primitive person • N wild man NE [OED]
wildness ƿildness ᛫ savagery ᛫ fierceness ᛫ ferocity ᛫ viciousness ᛫ ferality ᛫ barbarism ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
wildware ƿildƿare • furs ( as a product ) • N ~ ME [OED]
wile ƿile ᛫ divination ᛬ to divine ᛫ N᛬V wī̆ȝel[wī̆gle] ME
wile ƿile ᛫ a trick ᛫ a stratagem ᛬ to trick ᛫ to entice ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE‹ME‹?
wilfully ƿilfully ᛫ purposely ᛫ on purpose ᛫ by design ᛫ intentionally ᛫ deliberately ᛫ AV ~ NE
will ƿill ᛫ a testament ( in the legal meaning ) ᛫ N ~ NE
will ƿill ᛫ determination ᛫ self-control ᛫ a fixed desire or intention ᛬ to intend something to happen ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
willed ƿilled ᛫ having determination ᛫ deliberate ᛫ bequeathed in a will ᛫ AJ ~ NE
willess ƿilless ᛫ not exercising one's will ᛫ involuntary ᛫ intestate ᛫ AJ ~ NE
willful ƿillful ᛫ intentional ᛫ deliberate ᛫ stubborn ᛫ determined ᛫ AJ ~ NE
willing ƿilling ᛫ ready ᛫ eager ᛫ inclined ᛫ prompt to act ᛫ done without reluctance ᛫ volitional ᛫ AJ ~ NE
willowwort ƿilloƿƿurt ᛫ an Epilobium plant ( willowherb ) ᛫ N willow-wort NE [OED]
willsome ƿillsum ᛫ desirable ᛫ amiable ᛫ AJ wilsǒm&wilsum ME&OE
willsomeness ƿillsumness ᛫ devotion ᛫ devoutness ᛫ a vow ᛫ N wilsumness OE
willynilly ƿillynilly ᛫ without choice ᛫ by compulsion ᛫ haphazardly ᛫ without direction or planning ᛫ AV willynilly NE
wilven ƿilfen ᛫ a female wolf ᛫ N wylfen OE
wily ƿily ᛫ beguiling ᛫ guileful ᛫ scheming ᛫ tricky ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wimple ƿimpel ᛫ a veil ( esp a face veil ) ᛫ N ~[wimpel] NE
win ƿin ᛫ a friend ᛫ a comrade ᛫ N wine ME
win ƿin ᛫ joy ᛫ delight ᛫ pleasure ᛫ enjoyment ᛫ N ~[win][wynn] NE or: wen (Kentish)
win ƿin ᛫ to attain ( usually in some kind of contest ) ᛫ to achieve victory ᛫ V ~[winnen][winnan] NE
Win Ƿin ᛫ [ᚹ] ᛫ N(P) wynn OE
win over ofer ᛫ to convince somebody ᛫ V ~ NE
winch ƿinc ᛫ a capstan ᛫ a reel ᛫ a roller ᛫ a pulley ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
Wind Ƿind ᛫ a Wend ᛫ a Sorb ᛫ N(P) Winedas OE
windbells ƿindbells ᛫ wind chimes ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
windbreaker ƿindbreaker ᛫ a wind-resistant jacket ᛫ N ~ NE
windfall ƿindfall ᛫ a sudden and large benefit often when unexpected ᛫ a bonanza ᛫ N ~ NE
windfucker ƿindfucker ᛫ a kestrel bird ᛫ ( a term of opprobrium ) ᛫ N ~ NE see: windhover
windharp ƿindharp ᛫ an Aeolian harp ᛫ an Aeolian lyre ᛫ an anemochord ᛫ N wind-harp NE [OED]
windhole ƿindhole ᛫ the glottis ᛫ N wynt-hole ME [OED]
windhover ƿindhofer ᛫ a kestrel bird ᛫ N ~ NE see: windfucker
Windland Ƿindland ᛫ the land of the Wends and Sorbs ᛫ Lusatia ᛫ N(P) Weonodland OE
windmare ƿindmare ᛫ a wind spirit said to be responsible for echoes ᛫ an echo [ᚹ] ᛫ N windumær OE widened by analogy with: nightmare
windmeter ᛫ an anemometer ᛫ an anemograph ᛫ N wind+mete+er NE+NE+NE
windpipe ƿindpipe ᛫ trachea ᛫ N ~ NE
winebearer ƿinebearer ᛫ a sommelier ᛫ a wine-waiter ᛫ N ~ NE+NE [LEX] ᛫ by analogy
wineberry ƿineberry ᛫ a grape ᛫ N wīneberie[wīnberige] ME‹OE‹Þ‹(I+Þ)
winehouse ƿinehuse ᛫ a winery ᛫ a public house where wine is drunk ᛫ N ~ NE‹(NE+NE‹‹Þ‹I) [OED]
winelore ƿinelore ᛫ oenology ᛫ N ~ NE
winetree ƿinetree ᛫ a vine ᛫ N wīntrēow OE
wineyard ƿineyard ᛫ a vineyard ᛫ N ~ NE
winfast ƿinfast ᛫ joyous ᛫ joyful ᛫ AJ wynfæst OE
wining ƿining ᛫ rope or canvas for sailmaking binding of sails etc ᛫ N wining ME
winless ƿinless ᛫ friendless ᛫ AJ winelēas OE
winly ƿinly ᛫ pleasant ᛫ AJ ~ NE
winnow ƿinnoƿ ᛫ to blow through grain to remove chaff ᛫ to remove lesser things ᛫ V ~[windwian] NE
winship ƿinscip ᛫ friendship ᛫ N winescipe OE
winsome ƿinsum ᛫ pleasant ᛫ agreeable ᛫ delightful ᛫ AJ ~[wynsum] NE
winster ƿinster ᛫ left ( direction ) ᛫ sinister ᛫ AJ winstre ME
Winterfulth Ƿinterfulþ ᛫ October ᛫ N(P) Winterfylleth OE
winterledge ƿinterlecg ᛫ to become winter ᛫ V winterlǣcan OE
winterly ƿinterly ᛫ hibernal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wird ƿird ᛫ fate ᛫ destiny ᛫ N wē̆rd/wird ME kin: weird (from Scots)
wirdless ƿirdless ᛫ ill-fated ᛫ improvident ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wirespel ƿirespel ᛫ a telegram ᛫ N wire+spel NE×2 invented by William Barnes
wiretree ƿiretree ᛫ A myrtle tree ᛫ N wīrtrēow OE
wise ƿise ᛫ a manner ᛫ a fashion ᛫ a method ᛬ to make apparent ᛬ sagacious ᛫ prudent ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ wise&wīs&wīsen[wīsian] NE&ME&ME
wisecrack ƿisecrack ᛫ a quip ᛫ a witticism ᛬ to quip ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
wisehead ƿisehead ᛫ a smart aleck ᛫ a wiseacre ᛫ N ~ NE
wishendly ƿiscendly ᛫ desirable ᛫ wishable ᛫ AJ gewȳscendlic OE
wishful ƿiscful ᛫ desirous ᛫ aspiring ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wishingly ƿiscingly ᛫ optative ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ gewȳscendlic OE
wishywashy ƿiscyƿascy ᛫ weak ᛫ watery ᛫ feeble wavering ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wising ƿising ᛫ guidance ᛫ instruction ᛫ N wissung OE
Wisland Ƿisland ᛫ a region in Poland ᛫ N(P) Wīsleland OE
Wisle Ƿisel ᛫ the Vistula ᛫ N(P) Wīsle OE
wisp ƿisp ᛫ a thin piece of something ᛫ a tendril ᛫ N ~ NE
wispy ƿispy ᛫ delicate and tendril-like ᛫ diaphanous ᛫ gauzy ᛫ airy ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wiss ƿiss ᛫ certain ( as in sure not as in particular ) ᛫ sure ᛬ certainly ᛫ surely ᛫ AJ᛬AV wis/wiss/wisse ME
wissly ƿissly ᛫ certainly ᛫ surely ᛫ AV wislī ME or: wissly
wist ƿist ᛫ provisions ( esp food ) ᛫ subsistence ᛫ N wist[wist] ME
wistful ƿistful ᛫ full of regretful longing ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wit ƿit ᛫ a wiseman ᛫ a counsellor ᛫ a member of parliament ᛫ a congressman ᛫ an assemblyman ᛫ N wite[wita] ME PL: wits; witten
wit ƿit ᛫ we two ( nominative ) ᛫ N(PRO) wit ME ARCHAIC & NOT RECOMMENDED
wit ƿit ᛫ -ologist ᛫ SUFFIX wite ME
wit ƿit ᛫ human reason ᛫ astuteness ᛫ cleverness ᛫ intelligence ᛫ sensory perception ᛬ to know firsthand ᛫ to experience [ᛏ] ᛫ N᛬V wit&witen NE&ME
witch ƿic ᛫ an elm ᛫ an elm-like tree ᛫ N wich[wice] ME
witch ƿic ᛫ a sorcerer ᛫ a sorceress ᛫ a diviner ᛫ a potion maker ( including magical and poisonous ) ᛫ N witch[wicca][wicce] NE masculine "wicca" and feminine "wicce" merged in Middle English
witch ƿic ᛫ ( denotes the characteristic of having pliant branches ) ᛫ PREFIX ~[wice] NE
witcraft ƿitcraft ᛫ logic ᛫ the art of reasoning ᛫ N ~ NE coined by Ralph Lever in 1573?
wite ƿite ᛫ to depart ᛫ to pass away ᛫ V wīten ME PST: wote ᛫ PTCP: witten
wite ƿite ᛫ a punishment ᛫ a fine ᛫ a penalty ᛬ to punish ᛫ N᛬V wīte&wīten[wīte][wītan] ME&ME recommendation: use "shild" for "guilt"
witefast ƿitefast ᛫ penally enslaved ᛫ AJ wītefæst OE
witeful ƿiteful ᛫ responsible ( as in guilty ) ᛫ AJ wite+ful ME+NE
witehouse ƿitehuse ᛫ a torture-house ᛫ N wītehūs OE
witelock ƿitelock ᛫ punishment ᛫ torment ᛫ pain ᛫ N wītelāc OE
witener ƿitener ᛫ a punisher ᛫ a tormentor ᛫ N wītnere[wītnere] ME
witerail ƿiterail ᛫ sackcloth ( as in clothing worn as punishment ) ᛫ N wītehrægel OE
witestow ƿitestoƿ ᛫ a place for punishment or torment ᛫ N wītestōw OE
witeswing ƿitesƿing ᛫ a stroke given as punishment ᛫ chastisement ᛫ N wīteswinge OE
witethew ƿiteþeƿ ᛫ someone who is in slavery as part of punishment ᛬ in slavery as punishment for a crime ᛫ N᛬AJ wīteþēow OE
witeworthy ƿiteƿorþy ᛫ deserving to be punished ᛫ AJ wīteweorþ OE
witeyard ƿiteyard ᛫ a place for punishment ᛫ N wītegeard OE
with ƿiþ ᛫ counter- ᛫ anti- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
with child ƿiþ cild ᛫ pregnant ᛫ PP ~ NE [OED]
with wiss ƿiþ ƿiss ᛫ certainly ᛫ surely ᛫ AV mid gewisse OE
withal ƿiþal ᛫ in addition ᛫ additionally ᛫ nevertheless ᛬ with ( used at the end of a clause ) ᛫ AV᛬P ~ NE [LEX]
withbraid ƿiþbraid ᛫ to withhold ᛫ to hold back ᛫ to restrain ᛫ to check ᛫ V withbreiden&wiþbregdan ME&OE
withcall ƿiþcall ᛫ to call back ᛫ to retract ᛫ to call off ᛫ to recant ᛫ V ~ NE‹(E+N)
withchoose ƿiþceoos ᛫ to reject ᛫ to disapprove ᛫ to choose against ᛫ V wiþceosan OE PTCP: withchosen ᛫ PST: withchose
withdraught ƿiþdraugt ᛫ a withdrawal ᛫ an extraction ᛫ a retreat ᛫ a private chamber ᛫ an act of abstinence ᛫ N ~ NE or: withdraft
withdraw ƿiþdraƿ ᛫ to remove ᛫ to retreat ᛫ to extract ᛫ V ~ NE
withdrawing ƿiþdraƿing ᛫ a withdrawal ᛫ a removal ᛫ an extraction ᛫ a retreat ᛫ subtraction ᛫ N ~ NE
withdrawn ƿiþdraƿn ᛫ socially cold ᛫ taken away ᛫ abstract [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ ~ NE
withe ƿiþe ᛫ a cord ᛫ a band ᛫ a thong ᛫ a twig ᛫ a rod ᛫ a Salix tree ( a willow ) ᛫ N withe&wiþþe NE&OE
withebone ƿiþebone ᛫ a clavicle ᛫ N wiþobān OE
wither ƿiþer ᛫ hostility ᛫ opposition ᛫ resistance ᛬ to resist ᛫ to oppose ᛬ in opposition ᛫ in opposition to ᛬ against ᛫ N᛬V᛬AV᛬P wither&wiþer&wiþeren NE&ME&ME
wither ƿiþer ᛫ counter- ᛫ anti- ᛫ PREFIX ~ NE
witherchrist ƿiþercrist ᛫ an antichrist ᛫ N wiþercrist OE
witherdeed ƿiþerdeed ᛫ a counteraction ᛫ a reaction ᛫ a countermeasure ᛫ N wither+deed NE×2
withermood ƿiþermood ᛫ adverse ᛫ hostile ᛫ contrary ᛫ having the mind set against something ᛫ AJ wiþermōd OE
withermoodness ƿiþermoodness ᛫ adversity ᛫ N wiþermōdness OE
witherqueath ƿiþercƿeaþ ᛫ to contradict ᛫ V wiþercweþan OE
witherquidder ƿiþercƿidder ᛫ a contradicter ᛫ N wiþercwida OE
withersake ƿiþersake ᛫ apostate ᛫ renegade ᛫ N ~ NE
withershins ƿiþerscins ᛫ counter-clockwise ᛫ AV ~ NE
witherward ƿiþerƿard ᛫ adverse ᛫ contrary ᛫ opposite [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ ~ NE
witherweight ƿiþerƿeigt ᛫ a counterweight ᛫ an opposite [ᚹ] ᛫ N ~ NE
witherwin ƿiþerƿin ᛫ an opponent ᛫ an enemy ᛫ an adversary ᛫ N witherwin ME means: counter-friend
withhold ƿiþhold ᛫ to refrain from granting , giving , or allowing ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
withmeet ƿiþmeet ᛫ to compare ᛫ V wiþmetan OE
withmeetly ƿiþmeetly ᛫ comparative ᛫ comparably ᛫ AJ wiþmetenlīc&wiþmetenlīce OE
withqueath ƿiþcƿeaþ ᛫ to contradict ᛫ V withquethen ME
withsake ƿiþsake ᛫ to argue against ᛫ to speak against ᛫ to oppose ᛫ to refuse to acknowledge ᛫ to deny ᛫ to disavow ᛫ V withsaken ME
withsaw ƿiþsaƿ ᛫ resistance ᛫ objection ᛫ opposition ᛫ N withsawe ME
withsay ƿiþsay ᛫ to deny ᛫ to dispute ᛫ to decline ᛫ V ~ NE
withset ƿiþset ᛫ to block ᛫ to obstruct ᛫ to hinder ᛫ to mount opposition ᛫ to oppose ᛫ to deflect ᛫ V withsetten[wiþsettan] ME
withsit ƿiþsit ᛫ to oppose ᛫ to resist ᛫ V withsitten ME
withstand ƿiþstand ᛫ to resist ( successfully ) ᛫ V ~ NE
withtee ƿiþtee ᛫ to withdraw ᛫ to abstain ᛫ to refrain ᛫ V withten ME
withwind ƿiþƿind ᛫ a Lonicera periclymenum plant ( common honeysuckle ) ᛫ N withewind ME
withy ƿiþy ᛫ Salix viminalis ( osier ) ᛬ flexible ( like a withe ) ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
witier ƿitier ᛫ a prophet ᛫ N wītie[wītega] OE
witless ƿitless ᛫ foolish ᛫ stupid ᛫ AJ ~ NE
witling ƿitling ᛫ one who thinks oneself to be witty ( derogatory ) ᛫ N ~ NE [LEX]
witship ƿitscip ᛫ science ᛫ N wit+ship NE×2 calque: wittenskip
witshipper ƿitscipper ᛫ a scientist ᛫ N wit+ship+er NE×3 calque: wittenskipper
witshippy ƿitscippy ᛫ scientific ᛫ AJ wit+ship+y NE×2 calque: wissenschaftlich
witsick ƿitsick ᛫ possessed ᛫ controlled by an evil spirit ᛫ AJ witsēoc OE
witted ƿitted ᛫ appointed ᛫ ordained ᛫ assured ᛫ certain ᛫ sure ᛫ AJ witod OE
wittedly ƿittedly ᛫ certainly ᛫ surely ᛫ truly ᛫ indeed ᛫ AV witodlīce OE
wittenmoot ƿittenmoot ᛫ a parliament ᛫ a congress ᛫ a legislative assembly ᛫ N witena gemot OE or: witsmoot; wittensmoot
witting ƿitting ᛫ intentional ᛫ deliberate ᛫ aware knowledgeable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wittingly ƿittingly ᛫ knowingly ᛫ consciously ᛫ designedly ᛫ deliberately ᛫ intentionally ᛫ AV ~ NE
wittom ƿittom ᛫ a dowry ᛫ N wituma OE
witwanton ƿitƿanton ᛫ one who indulges in idle foolish and irreverent fancies ᛬ to indulge in vain sportive or irreverent wit ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
witword ƿitƿord ᛫ a testament ( as in a will ) ᛫ the testament ( as in the divine covenant with the faithful ) ᛫ N witword&witword ME&OE
wity ƿity ᛫ to prophesize ᛫ V wītegian OE
witybook ƿitybook ᛫ a prophetical book ᛫ a book of prophecies ᛫ N wītegbōc OE
witydom ƿitydom ᛫ prophecy ᛫ divination ᛫ N wītegdōm OE
witydomly ƿitydomly ᛫ prophetic ᛫ prophetical ᛫ AJ wītedōmlīc OE
witying ƿitying ᛫ prophecy ᛫ prophesizing ᛫ N wītī̆inge[wītegung] ME
wityster ƿityster ᛫ a prophetess ᛫ N wītegestre OE
wive ƿife ᛫ to marry a woman ᛫ V ~ NE [CED]
wizen ƿisen ᛫ to wither ᛬ withered ᛫ V᛬AJ ~ NE
wizened ƿisened ᛫ shrivelled or wrinkled with age ᛫ AJ ~ NE
woaden ƿoaden ᛫ indigo ( the colour of woad ) ᛫ king blue ᛬ of indigo hue ᛫ of king blue hue ᛫ N᛬AJ wǣden OE
woak ƿoak ᛫ weak ᛫ easily broken ᛫ paltry ᛫ insignificant ᛫ debilitated ᛫ frail ᛫ lacking of willpower ᛫ AJ wōke[wāc] ME "weak" is Norse
woakmood ƿoakmood ᛫ morally weak ᛫ fainthearted ᛫ AJ wācmōd OE
woakness ƿoakness ᛫ weakness ᛫ N woknesse ME
woan ƿoan ᛫ to moan ᛫ to wail ᛫ to complain ᛫ V wōnen[wānian] ME
woath ƿoaþ ᛫ hunting ᛫ a hunt ᛫ a chase [ᚹ] ᛫ N wāþ OE kin: wǣþan; waith (Norse)
woe ƿoe ᛫ misery ᛫ distress ᛫ N ~ NE
woebegone ƿoebegone ᛫ sad ᛫ miserable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
woeful ƿoeful ᛫ sorrowful ᛫ sad ᛫ deplorable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
woesome ƿoesum ᛫ terrible ᛫ miserable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
Woing Ƿoing ᛫ one of the Vangiones ᛫ N(P) Woingum OE
wold ƿold ᛫ a forest ᛫ N wōld[weald] ME
wolder ƿulder ᛫ glory ᛫ splendour ᛫ N wulder&wuldor ME&OE
wolderbee ƿulderbee ᛫ a crown ᛬ to crown ᛫ to coronate ᛫ V wuldorbēah&wuldorbēagian OE&OE
wolderen ƿulderen ᛫ to glorify ᛫ V wuldor+en[wuldrian] OE
wolderful ƿulderful ᛫ glorious ᛫ AJ wuldorfull OE
wolf moon ƿulf ᛫ a full moon in January ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
wolfhearted ƿulfhearted ᛫ cruel ᛫ AJ wulfheort OE
Wolfing Ƿulfing ᛫ one of the Wulfings ᛫ N(P) Wulfingum OE
wolfsbane ƿulfsbane ᛫ an Aconitum plant ᛫ N ~ NE
wolfshead ƿulfshead ᛫ an outlaw ( who may be killed as if they were a wolf ) ᛫ N ~ NE definition needs confirmation
wolfsmilk ƿulfsmilk ᛫ any Euphorbia plant ( spurge ) ᛫ N wolf+s+milk NE×3 calque: wolfsmelk; Wolfsmilch
wolven ƿulfen ᛫ a female wolf ᛫ N wulvene ME
woman ƿuman ᛫ an adult female human ᛫ N ~ NE opposite of wepman
womansrighter ƿumansrigter ᛫ an advocate for women's rights ᛫ a feminist ᛫ N ~ NE
womb ƿomb ᛫ uterus ᛫ N ~ NE
won ƿun ᛫ a custom ᛫ a tradition ᛫ a habit ᛫ a practice ᛫ a convention ᛫ a dwelling ᛬ to get accustomed ( to wean ) ᛫ to dwell ᛫ N᛬V wǒne&wǒnen ME&ME kin: wont
wonder ƿunder ᛫ a miracle a marvel ᛫ marvelling ᛬ to be curious about ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
wonderchild ƿundercild ᛫ a child prodigy ᛫ N wonder child NE
wonderdeed ƿunderdeed ᛫ a miracle ᛫ N wundordǣd OE
wondersome ƿundersum ᛫ wondrous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wondertale ƿundertale ᛫ a fairy tale ᛫ N ~ NE
wonderworker ƿunderƿorker ᛫ a miracle worker ᛫ a thaumaturge ᛫ N ~ NE
wone ƿone ᛫ an expedient ᛫ a course ᛫ an alternative ᛫ a choice ᛫ an expectation ᛫ luck ᛫ fortune ᛫ an opinion ᛫ abundance ᛫ an excess ᛫ one's assets ᛫ N wōn[vān] ME‹N
wong ƿong ᛫ a field ᛫ a prairie ᛫ a plain ᛫ N wong ME
wongdog ƿongdog ᛫ a prairie dog ᛫ N wong+dog ME+NE calque: prairie dog
wongwolf ƿongƿulf ᛫ a coyote ᛫ N wong+wolf ME+NE see: wongdog/ƿongdog ᛫ Hurlebatte: I say we borrow "coyote" into Anglish
woning ƿoning ᛫ a dwelling ᛫ an abode ᛫ N ~ NE
wonlief ƿunleef ᛫ traditionalism ᛫ N wǒne+lēve NE+ME
wonly ƿunly ᛫ common ᛫ customary ᛫ usual ᛫ AJ iwonelīch ME
wonner ƿunner ᛫ a dweller ᛫ an inhabitant ᛫ N ~[wǒner]{wuna} NE
wont ƿont ᛫ a mole ᛫ N wont ME
wont ƿunt ᛫ used to ᛫ accustomed to ᛫ AJ ~ NE past particile of "wone" (from ME verb "wonen)
wontly ƿuntly ᛫ usually ᛫ customarily ᛫ habitually ᛫ AV ~ NE
woo ƿoo ᛫ to court ᛫ to attempt to seduce ᛫ V ~[wōgian] NE this word can have honourable and dishonourable connotations
wood ƿood ᛫ madness ᛫ rage ᛫ fury ᛬ to be or become frenzied ᛬ insane ᛫ deranged ᛫ crazy ᛫ rabid ᛫ frenzied ᛫ furious ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ wood&wōd&wōden NE&ME&ME or: weed (from wēd form)
woodant ƿoodant ᛫ a carpenter ant ᛫ a termite ᛫ N wood ant NE
woodbine ƿoodbine ᛫ a Lonicera periclymenum plant ( honeysuckle ) ᛫ N ~[wọ̄debī̆nd] NE
woodcoal ƿoodcoal ᛫ lignite ᛫ N ~ NE
woodcock ƿoodcock ᛫ a Scolopax bird ᛫ N ~[wuducoc] NE
woodelf ƿoodelf ᛫ a wood elf ᛫ a wood fairy ᛫ a wood nymph ( a dryad ) ᛫ N wuduælfen OE
woodelfen ƿoodelfen ᛫ a dryad ᛫ a female wood-elf ᛫ a wood-nymph ᛫ N wuduælfen OE
Wooden Ƿooden ᛫ ( an English god equivalent to Norse Odin ) ᛫ the planet Mercury [ᚹ] ᛫ N(P) Wōden[wōden] ME found in: Woodnesborough ᛫ or: Weeden
Woodenly Ƿoodenly ᛫ Mercurian ᛫ AJ wooden+ly ME+NE
wooder ƿooder ᛫ a madman ᛫ an enraged man ᛫ N wōda OE
woodland ƿoodland ᛫ a stretch of timberland ᛫ a forest ᛫ N ~ NE
woodlectric ƿoodlectrick ᛫ one or more wild plants belonging to the lettuce family ᛫ N wọ̄delēctric ME
woodmarch ƿoodmarc ᛫ a Sanicula europaea plant ( sanicle ) ᛫ N wood march ANE [OED]
woodmare ƿoodmare ᛫ a wood spirit said to be responsible for echoes ᛫ an echo [ᚹ] ᛫ N wudumær OE widened by analogy with: nightmare
woodmerch ƿoodmerc ᛫ a Sanicula europea plant ᛫ N wọ̄demerch ME
woodruff ƿoodruff ᛫ a Galina odoratum plant ᛫ N ~[wọ̄derōve] NE
woodsour ƿoodsure ᛫ an Oxalis acetosella plant ᛫ N wọ̄desǒur[wudusūre] ME
woodwale ƿoodƿale ᛫ a Picus viridis bird ᛫ an Oriolus oriolus bird ᛫ N ~[wọ̄dewāle] NE
woodward ƿoodƿard ᛫ a forester ᛫ N wọ̄deward ME
woodwool ƿoodƿool ᛫ cotton ᛫ N wode woul ANE
woodworker ƿoodƿorker ᛫ carpenter ᛫ N ~ NE
woodworking ƿoodƿorking ᛫ carpentry ᛫ N ~ NE
woodwose ƿoodƿose ᛫ a wild man of the woods ᛫ a faun ᛫ a satyr ᛫ N ~[wōdewōse][wuduwāsa] NE What does "wāsa" mean?
woody nightshade ƿoody nigtscade ᛫ a Solanum dulcamara plant ᛫ N ~ NE
wooer ƿooer ᛫ a suitor ᛫ N ~ NE
woof ƿoof ᛫ a set of yarns placed crosswise in a loom ᛫ a fabric ᛫ the texture of a fabric ᛫ N ~ NE
wooker ƿooker ᛫ increase ᛫ growth ᛫ N wōcor OE
wool ƿool ᛫ pestilence ᛫ N wōl OE
woolock ƿoolock ᛫ courtship ᛫ N wohlac ME
woolward ƿoolƿard ᛫ dressed in woollen clothing as an act of penance ᛫ penitent [ᚹ] ᛫ AJ wōlward ME
woom ƿoom ᛫ a sound ᛫ a noise ᛫ N wōma OE kin: vox (Latin); wēman
woop ƿoop ᛫ a cry ᛫ lamentation ᛫ N wōp OE
woopleeth ƿoopleeþ ᛫ a tragedy ᛫ N wōplēoþ OE
woor ƿoor ᛫ to disturb ᛫ to distract ᛫ V wọ̄ren ME
woorhen ƿoorhen ᛫ a pheasant ᛫ N wōrhana OE NEEDS ATTESTATIONS
wooth ƿooþ ᛫ song ᛫ voice ( esp in song ) ᛫ sung poetry ᛫ eloquent speech ᛫ N wōþ OE kin to wode?; ōðr?
woothcraft ƿooþcraft ᛫ the art of poetry and songwriting ᛫ N wōþcræft OE
word for word ƿord ᛫ verbatim ᛫ AJ&AV ~ NE
wordbook ƿordbook ᛫ a dictionary ᛫ N ~ NE
wordcraft ƿordcraft ᛫ the art of rhetoric ᛫ N ~ NE
wordfast ƿordfast ᛫ reliable ᛫ true to one's word ᛫ AJ wordfast[wordfæst] ME
wordful ƿordful ᛫ talkative ᛫ verbose ᛫ full of words ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wordglew ƿordgleƿ ᛫ prudent in speech ᛫ AJ wordglēaw OE
wordhoard ƿordhoard ᛫ a vocabulary ᛫ N ~ NE
wordiness ƿordiness ᛫ verbosity ᛫ N ~ NE
wordlist ƿordlist ᛫ a glossary ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+I) coined by William Barnes ᛫ this meaning of list has Italic influence
wordlock ƿordlock ᛫ a speech ᛫ an oration ᛫ N wordlāc OE
wordlore ƿordlore ᛫ the study of words ᛫ N word+lore NE×2
wordly ƿordly ᛫ verbal ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wordmark ƿordmark ᛫ a term ( as in a binding condition ) ᛫ N wordgemarc OE
wordplay ƿordplay ᛫ a play on words ᛫ a pun ᛫ N ~ NE
wordsammener ƿordsammener ᛫ a collector of words ᛫ N wordsamnere OE
wordsnoter ƿordsnoter ᛫ eloquent ᛫ AJ wordsnotor OE
wordsnotering ƿordsnotering ᛫ a sophism ( not necessarily in a negative sense? ) ᛫ N wordsnotorung OE
wordstock ƿordstock ᛫ a vocabulary ᛫ N ~ NE
wordwinsome ƿordƿinsum ᛫ pleasant in speech ᛫ affable ᛫ AJ wordwynsum OE
wordwise ƿordƿise ᛫ sophist ᛫ AJ wordwīs OE
wordy ƿordy ᛫ verbose ᛫ AJ ~ NE
work ƿork ᛫ a product ᛫ effort ᛬ to operate ᛫ to function ᛫ to labour ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE PST: worked ᛫ PTCP worked
work ƿork ᛫ to manufacture ᛫ to fashion ᛫ to bring about V ~ NE PST: wrought ᛫ PTCP wrought
work up ƿork up ᛫ to agitate ᛫ V ~ NE PST: worked up; wrought up
worker ƿorker ᛫ a labourer ᛫ an employee ᛫ N ~ NE [OED]
workfellow ƿorkfelloƿ ᛫ a co-worker ᛫ associate ᛫ colleague ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+N)
working ƿorking ᛫ operation ᛬ functioning N᛬AJ ~ NE
workmate ƿorkmate ᛫ a coworker ᛫ a colleague ᛫ N ~ NE‹(E+LG) [OED] ᛫ or: workmake/ƿorkmate
works ƿorks ᛫ ( denotes a factory ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
workshop ƿorkscop ᛫ a studio ᛫ N ~ NE
workstead ƿorkstead ᛫ a workplace ᛫ a workshop ᛫ a workstation ᛫ N ~ NE
worldaught ƿorldaugt ᛫ worldly possessions ᛫ worldly property ᛫ N weoroldǣht OE
worlddeal ƿorlddeal ᛫ a continent ᛫ N world+deal NE×2 calque: werelddeel
worldkin ƿorldkin ᛫ a microcosm ᛫ a diminutive or miniature world ᛫ N ~ NE or: worldchin (-kin is said to be from Dutch)
worldlaw ƿorldlaƿ ᛫ secular law ᛫ N weoroldlagu OE
worldly ƿorldly ᛫ secular ᛫ AJ ~ NE
worldwide ƿorldƿide ᛫ global ᛬ globally ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
worm ƿurm ᛫ a serpent ᛫ a dragon ᛫ a reptile ᛫ a creeping insect ᛫ N ~ NE
worm moon ƿurm ᛫ a full moon in March ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
wormkin ƿurmkin ᛫ reptile kind ᛫ serpent kind ᛫ N wyrmcyn OE
worrywart ƿurryƿart ᛫ one who worries excessively ᛫ N ~ NE
worsen ƿursen ᛫ to deteriorate ᛫ V ~ NE
worship ƿorscip ᛫ -latry ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
worsom ƿorsom ᛫ pus ᛫ purulent matter ᛫ corrupt matter ᛫ N worsum[worms/worsm] ME
worstwield ƿorstƿeeld ᛫ kakistocracy ᛫ N worst+wield NE×2
wort ƿurt ᛫ a herb ᛫ an herb ᛫ a plant ᛬ to season ᛫ to spice ᛫ N᛬V wort&wyrtian NE&OE
worteater ƿurteater ᛫ a herbivore ᛫ an herbivore ᛫ N wort+eater NE×2
worter ƿurter ᛫ a herbalist ᛫ an herbalist ᛫ N wort+er NE×2 calque: hē̆rber
worth ƿorþ ᛫ an enclosure ᛫ a court ᛫ a courtyard N worth[worþ] ME still found in names like Wentworth
worth ƿorþ ᛫ to become ᛫ to exist ᛫ ( passive voice auxiliary ) ᛫ be ( subjunctive ) ᛫ V worthen[weorþan] ME SEE NOTE
worth ƿorþ ᛫ value ᛫ merit ᛬ valued at ᛫ priced at ᛫ N᛬P worth NE
worthful ƿorþful ᛫ valuable ᛫ precious ᛫ AJ ~ NE
worthless ƿorþless ᛫ not valuable ᛫ useless ᛫ despicable ᛫ AJ ~ NE
worthmind ƿorþmind ᛫ dignity ᛫ honour ᛫ reverence ᛫ N worthmint[weorþmynd] ME or: worthmint
worthness ƿorþness ᛫ dignity ᛫ nobility ᛫ reverence ᛫ N worthnesse[weorþness] ME
worthwhile ƿorþhƿile ᛫ worth the time money or effort spent ᛫ of value or importance ᛫ AJ ~ NE
worthy ƿorþy ᛫ to honour ᛫ to exalt ᛫ to esteem ᛫ to respect ᛫ to set a value upon ᛫ V worthī̆en ME not from weorþian
worthy ƿorþy ᛫ -able ( but only in some usages like " loveable " ) ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
worthy ƿorþy ᛫ suitable ᛫ deserving ᛫ important ᛫ significant ᛫ AJ worthy&worthī NE&ME
wortlife ƿurtlife ᛫ flora ᛫ N wort+life NE+NE calque: plant life
wortlore ƿurtlore ᛫ botany ᛫ N ~ NE invented by William Barnes
wortmong ƿurtmong ᛫ a spice ᛫ N wyrtgemang OE
wortwale ƿurtƿale ᛫ the wale of a wort ( its roots ) ᛬ to plant ᛫ N᛬V wortwāle&wyrtwalian OE
wortward ƿurtƿard ᛫ a gardener ᛫ N wyrtweard OE
wory ƿory ᛫ confused ᛫ perplexed ᛫ troubled ᛫ disturbed ᛫ turbid ( of water ) ᛫ dirty ( of water ) ᛫ AJ wori ME
wough ƿuge ᛫ crookedness ᛫ error ᛫ wickedness ᛫ injustice ᛫ wrongness ᛬ crooked ᛫ bent ᛫ wrong ᛫ unfair ᛫ injust ᛫ unjust ᛫ N᛬AJ wough[wōh] ME rhyme: plough
wough ƿoug ᛫ a wall ᛫ N wough[wāh/wāg] NE rhyme: woe (OED) ᛫ "wall" is couth in many kinds of Anglish
woughrift ƿougrift ᛫ a curtain ᛫ N wāgrift OE rhyme: woe-lift
would-be ƿuld-be ᛫ having the desire or potential to be [ᛏ] ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wound ƿund ᛫ an injury ( esp one involving laceration ) ᛬ to injure ( esp involving laceration ) ᛫ N᛬V ~ NE
wrake ƿrake ᛫ vengeance ᛫ revenge ᛫ retribution ᛫ punishment ᛫ destruction ᛫ ruin ᛫ annihilation ᛬ to punish ᛫ to exact vengeance ᛫ N᛬V wrake&wraken[wracian] ME&ME or: wreach (from ME wrēch)
wrangle ƿrangel ᛫ to argue ᛫ to dispute ᛫ to bicker ᛫ to herd ᛫ V ~ NE
wrast ƿrast ᛫ delicate ᛫ elegant ᛫ splendid ᛫ AJ wrast[wrǣst] ME
wrath ƿraþ ᛫ anger ( esp vindictive anger ) ᛬ to rage ( esp with vindictive anger ) ᛫ N᛬V wrath&wratthen NE&ME
wrathe ƿraþe ᛫ a prop ᛫ a stay ᛫ support ( lit and fig ) ᛫ N wraþu OE
wray ƿray ᛫ to make visible ᛫ to reveal ᛫ to disclose ᛫ to divulge ᛫ to expose ᛫ to betray a secret ᛫ V wreien ME
wrayingly ƿrayingly ᛫ accusative ( grammar ) ᛫ AJ wrēgendlīc OE glossary word
wreak ƿreak ᛫ to inflict ᛫ to drive out ( to expel ) ᛫ to drive in ( to impress ) ᛫ V wreak&wrecan NE&OE PST: wreaked ("wrought" is a mistaken past tense)
wreat ƿreat ᛫ a jewel ᛫ an ornament ᛫ N wrǣt OE
wreath ƿreaþ ᛫ ring of twisted material ( esp ornamental and of plant material ) ᛫ a garland ᛫ a laurel ᛫ N ~ NE
wreathe ƿreaþ ᛫ to envelop ᛫ to coil ᛫ to entwine ᛫ V ~ NE [OED][MW]
wreathen ƿreaþen ᛫ twisted ᛫ made into a wreath ᛫ AJ ~ NE
wreatly ƿreatly ᛫ wondrously ᛫ curiously ᛫ AV wrǣtlīce OE
wreaty ƿreaty ᛫ wondrous ᛫ curious ᛫ AJ wrǣtlīc OE
wrench ƿrenc ᛫ a trick ᛫ an artifice ᛫ a distortion ᛫ a modulation ᛫ a wile ᛫ N wrench&wrenc NE&OE
wrenchwise ƿrencƿise ᛫ unjust ᛫ injust ᛫ AJ wrencwīs OE
wrength ƿrengþ ᛫ wrongness ᛫ incorrectness ᛫ N ~ NE
wrest ƿrest ᛫ to forcibly pull from something's grasp ᛫ to take after considerable effort or difficulty ᛫ V ~ NE [LEX]
wretch ƿrec ᛫ an unfortunate person ᛫ a miserable person ᛫ a vile person ᛫ N ~[wrecca] NE kin: wreck
wrethe ƿreþe ᛫ to prop ᛫ to support ( lit and fig ) ᛫ V wreþian/wreoðien OE
wride ƿride ᛫ a stalk ᛫ a stem ᛫ a shoot ᛬ to grow ᛫ to flourish ᛫ to blossom ᛫ to bloom ᛫ to burgeon ᛫ N᛬V wrīde&wrīd&wrīdan ME&OE&OE
wright ƿrigt ᛫ a creator ᛫ a craftsman ᛫ a producer ᛫ N ~ NE
wright ƿrigt ᛫ -maker ᛫ -builder ᛫ -developer ᛫ SUFFIX ~ NE
wrile ƿrile ᛫ clothing ᛫ a garment ᛫ N wrigels OE kin: wry
wring ƿring ᛫ a press ᛫ a wine press ᛫ an olive press ᛬ to press ᛫ to grab and twist ᛫ N᛬V wring&wring&press NE&ME
wristbone ƿristbone ᛫ a carpal ᛫ N ~ NE
writ ƿrit ᛫ a document ᛫ a text ( as in a physical medium with writing on it ) ᛫ a record kept in writing ᛫ a legal instrument ᛫ N ~ NE
writbred ƿritbred ᛫ a writing tablet ᛫ N writbred OE
write ƿrite ᛫ to inscribe ᛫ to inscript ᛫ to text (in any sense) ᛫ V ~ NE
writhe ƿriþe ᛫ to squirm ᛫ to distort ᛫ to confine ᛫ V ~ NE [OED]
writsax ƿritsax ᛫ a stylus ᛫ a pen [ᚹ] ᛫ N writseax OE
wrixle ƿrixel ᛫ change ᛫ exchange ᛬ to change ᛫ to exchange ᛫ to exchange ideas ᛫ to alternate ᛫ N᛬V wrixlen&wrixl ME&OE
wrixley ƿrixely ᛫ alternate ᛫ AJ gewrixlic OE
wroot ƿroot ᛫ a snout ᛬ to dig with one's snout ᛫ to dig ᛫ to root around ᛫ to attack in a wedge formation ᛫ N᛬V wrōt[wrōt]&wrọ̄ten ME&ME
wroth ƿroþ ᛫ angry ᛫ irate ᛬ angrily ᛫ irately ᛫ AJ᛬AV wroth&wroth[wrāþ] NE&ME rhyme: cloth ᛫ kin: wrath
wrothen ƿroþen ᛫ to anger ᛫ V ~ NE
wrotherheal ƿroþerheal ᛫ disastrously ᛫ AV wrōtherhēle ME
wrought ƿrougt ᛫ an accusation ᛫ a false accusation ᛫ slander ᛫ calumny ᛫ N wrōht OE rhyme: thought?
wry ƿry ᛫ to cover ᛫ to conceal ᛫ to shield ᛫ to protect ᛫ to be covered ᛫ to be blanketed ᛫ to put a lid over ᛫ to clothe ᛫ V wrīen[wrēon] ME
wry ƿry ᛫ to contort ᛫ to deviate ᛫ to writhe ᛫ to twist ᛫ to bend ᛬ twisted ᛫ bent ᛫ crooked ᛫ out of place ᛫ sardonic ᛫ V᛬AJ ~[wrīgian] NE
wurmel ƿurmel ᛫ an Origanum majorana plant ( marjoram ) ᛫ N wurmele[wurmille] ME
wurp ƿurp ᛫ to recover ( from an illness , etc ) ᛫ V wurpen&wirpan ME&OE
wurst ƿurst ᛫ a sausage ᛫ N ~ NE‹HG
wuther ƿuþer ᛫ to blow with a dull roar ᛫ V ~ NE‹N
wuthering ƿuþering ᛫ blowing strongly with a roaring sound or characterized by such a sound ᛫ AJ ~ NE‹N
wye ƿye ᛫ a human adult ( esp male ) ᛫ a man ᛫ a sir ᛫ N wī[wīga] ME
wye ƿye ᛫ war ᛫ combat ᛫ conflict ᛬ to fight ᛫ to combat ᛫ to war ᛫ N᛬V wī[wīg]&wīgan ME&OE meaning broadened in ME
wyehouse ƿyehuse ᛫ a military tower ᛫ a defensive building ᛫ an arx ᛫ a turris ᛫ N wīghūs OE
wyer ƿyer ᛫ a warrior ᛫ N wye+er[wiga] ME
wyesmith ƿyesmiþ ᛫ a warrior ᛫ a war smith ᛫ N wīgsmiþ OE
yack geak ᛫ an accent ( a way of uttering words ) ᛫ a tone ( an inflection of voice ) ᛫ N ~ NE onomatopoeia
yaffle yaffel ᛫ a Picus viridis bird ( green woodpecker ) ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
yair geare ᛫ an enclosure for fish ᛫ N ~[yā̆re][gear] NE [MW]
yard geard ᛫ a length of three feet ᛫ a branch ᛫ a swig ᛫ a rod ᛫ a staff ᛫ a stick ᛫ N ~ NE
yardland geardland ᛫ a virgate ᛫ N ~ NE
yardstick geardstick ᛫ a standard basis of calculation ᛫ N yard+stick NE×2
yare geare ᛫ gear ( equipment ) ? ᛫ a gear [ᚹ] ᛬ to gear up ᛫ to prepare ᛫ to procure ᛫ to supply ᛫ to equip ᛫ prepared ᛫ available ᛫ eager ᛫ N᛬V᛬AJ yaren[gearwian]&gearwe ME&OE kin: gear
yared geared ᛫ geared up ᛫ ready ᛫ prepared ᛫ procured ᛫ supplied ᛫ equipped ᛫ AJ yaren+ed ME+NE
yarewordy geareƿordy ᛫ ready in words ᛫ eloquent ᛫ fluent ᛫ AJ gearowyrdig OE
yark geark ᛫ to prepare ᛫ to ready ᛫ to marshal ᛫ V yarken[gearcian] ME
yarrow gearoƿ ᛫ an Achillea millefolium plant ᛫ N ~[gearwe] NE
yate geate ᛫ a gate ᛫ N ~ NE
yatow geatoƿ ᛫ equipment ᛫ N geatwe/geatu OE
yclept ᛫ called ᛫ named ᛫ AJ ~ NE
ye ge ᛫ and ᛫ also ᛫ C ye&ge ME&OE kin: 𐌾𐌰𐌷
ye ge ᛫ you guys ᛫ y'all ᛫ youse ᛫ N(PRO) ~ NE
yea gea ᛫ an affirmative answer ᛬ to reply affirmatively ᛬ yes ᛬ ( shows approval or that a vote was positively cast ) ᛫ N᛬V᛬AV᛬I ~ NE rhyme: way
yeap geep ᛫ a gap ? ᛫ an expanse of space ? ᛬ spacious ᛫ N᛬AJ gēap&gēap OE&OE
yearbook gerebook ᛫ an almanac ᛫ N year-book NE [OED]
yearday gereday ᛫ an anniversary ᛫ N year+day NE×2 invented by William Barnes
yeardole geredole ᛫ an annuity ᛫ N year+dole NE×2 invented by William Barnes
yearhundred gerehundred ᛫ century ᛫ N ~ NE
yearly gerely ᛫ annual ᛬ annually ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~ NE
yearmarket geremarket ᛫ a fair ᛫ N gēarmarket{mercatus} OE‹(E+I)
yearn gearn ᛫ to have a strong desire for something ᛫ to long ᛫ V᛬AJ yearn[georn] NE
yearnendly gearnendly ᛫ desirable ᛫ yearnable ᛫ AJ girnendlic OE
yearnful gearnful ᛫ desirous ᛫ eager ᛫ AJ ~ NE
yearsgift geresgift ᛫ a customary feudal payment commonly made at the turn of the year ᛫ N yēres yēve ME de-Norsed: yearsyeave/geresgeef
yearten gereten ᛫ a decade ᛫ N year+ten NE×2 calque: jaartien
yearthousand gereþusand ᛫ a millennium ᛫ N year+thousand NE×2 calque: Jahrtausend
yeartide geretide ᛫ a season ᛫ N year+tide NE×2 calque: jiertiid
Yeat Geet ᛫ a Geat ᛫ N gēat NE
yeath geeþ ᛫ foolishness ᛫ N gēaþe OE
Yeatish Geetisc ᛫ the Geatish language ᛬ of Geats ᛫ N᛬AJ gēat+ish NE×2
Yeatland Geetland ᛫ Geatland ᛫ N gēat+land NE×2
yeave geef ᛫ a gift ᛬ to give ᛫ N᛬V yēve&yēven[gefan] ME&ME PST: yave ᛫ PTCP: yeaven ᛫ de-Norsed form of "give"
yeaword geaƿord ᛫ a term of affirmation ᛫ N ~ NE coined by Ralph Lever
yed ged ᛫ a musical poem riddle or proverb ᛬ to recite in song ᛫ to exaggerate ᛫ N᛬V yed&gid&giddian NE&OE&OE
yedding gedding ᛫ a poem ᛫ a song ᛫ a recitation of a verse narrative ᛫ N yeddinge[geddung] ME
yeed geed ᛫ went ( past tense of go ) ᛫ V ~ NE or: yede
yeek geek ᛫ the Cuculus canorus bird ( European cuckoo ) ᛫ N yēk[gēac] ME
yeem geem ᛫ diligence ᛫ attention ᛫ adherence ᛬ to take notice of ᛫ to do duty ᛫ to adhere to doctrine ᛫ to attend to ᛫ to tend for ᛫ N᛬V yēme&yēmen[gȳman] ME&ME
yeemer geemer ᛫ miserable ᛫ in dire circumstances ᛫ unfortunate ᛫ unfavourable ᛫ distressful ᛫ dismal ᛫ lugubrious ᛫ melancholic ᛫ AJ yọ̄mer/gemer[gēomor] ME kin: yammer (probably) ᛫ or: yoomer
yeemerly geemerly ᛫ miserably ᛫ unfortunately ᛫ unfavourably ᛫ distressfully ᛫ dismally ᛫ lugubriously ᛫ melancholily ᛫ AV yọ̄merlī[gēomorlīce] ME or: yoomerly
yeemless geemless ᛫ negligent ᛫ careless ᛫ AJ gȳmelēas OE
yeemlessness geemlessness ᛫ negligence ᛫ neglect ᛫ carelessness ᛫ N gȳmelēast OE or: yeemlest
yeen geen ᛫ against ᛫ in opposition ᛫ opposite ᛫ next to ᛫ bordering ᛫ placed against ᛫ in contact with ᛫ P yẹ̄n&gēan ME&OE
yeet geet ᛫ to pour ᛫ to libate ᛫ to found metal ᛫ V yēten&geotan ME&OE PST: yote ᛫ PTCP: yoten
yeeter geeter ᛫ a caster of metal ᛫ a founder of metal ᛫ N yētere ME
yeld geld ᛫ barren ( of animals ) ᛫ infertile ᛫ unproductive ᛫ immature ( of animals ) ᛫ AJ ~[yēld][gelde] NE
yellow gelloƿ ᛫ yellow ᛫ cowardly ᛫ craven ᛫ pusillanimous ᛫ AJ ~ NE [OED]
yellow bothen gelloƿ boþen ᛫ a Chrysanthemum segetum plant ( corn marigold ) ᛫ N yelwe bothen ME
yellowadle gelloƿadel ᛫ jaundice ᛫ N yelow ādle ME
yellowbell gelloƿbell ᛫ a Tecoma stans plant ᛫ N yellow bell NE
yellowred gelloƿred ᛫ orange ᛫ AJ yellow+red{geolorēad?} NE×2
yelp gelp ᛫ a crying out ᛫ a boast ᛬ to cry out ᛫ to boast ᛫ N᛬V yelp&yelpen[gilpan] NE&ME
yelse gels ᛫ luxury ᛫ voluptuousness ᛫ N gǣlsa{gēlsunge} OE pre-cluster shortening + liquid C. failure to lengthen (milce, horse, force)
yelt gelt ᛫ a young sow ᛫ N ~[yelte][gilte] NE
yencome gencum ᛫ a return ᛬ to return ᛫ N᛬V yẹ̄ncǒme NE
yenner genner ᛫ asylum ᛫ refuge ᛫ sanctuary ᛫ N gener OE
yennerstead gennerstead ᛫ an asylum ᛫ a place of refuge ᛫ a sanctuary ᛫ N generstede OE
yeoman geoman ᛫ a free man who works his own land ᛫ a subordinate to an official ᛫ a pawn ( chess ) ᛫ N ~ NE [CED]
yer ger ᛫ to make a strident sound ᛫ V yerren ME
yerk gerk ᛫ to sharply strike ( esp with a cane whip or flog ) ᛫ to pull or push suddenly ᛫ V ~ NE OED ᛫ or: yark ᛫ kin: jerk?
yern gern ᛫ eager ᛬ eagerly ᛫ AJ᛬AV ~[yern][georn] ANE
yernly gernly ᛫ eagerly ᛫ fervently ᛫ ADV yernli ME
yest gest ᛫ a guest ᛫ N gest OE "guest" is Norse
yestereve gesterefe ᛫ yesterday evening ᛬ on yesterday evening ᛫ N᛬AV yesterēven{yersten efe} ME
yesternight gesternigt ᛫ last night ᛫ N ~ NE
yesteryear gestergeer ᛫ last year ᛫ N ~ NE
yet get ᛫ to get ᛫ to obtain ᛫ to acquire ᛫ V gē̆ten/yeten[gitan] ME PST: yat {geat} ᛫ PTCP: yetten {getten}
yetling getling ᛫ a vessel of cast metal ᛫ a flat metal plate used for cooking ᛫ N ~ NE kin: yeet
yever gefer ᛫ greedy ᛫ covetous ᛫ gluttonous ᛫ AJ ~ NE rhyme: ever
yevery gefery ᛫ very hungry ᛫ ravenous ᛫ AJ ~ NE
yew geƿ ᛫ a four-footed bird ᛫ a griffin ᛫ N eoh/giw/giow OE
Yew Geƿ ᛫ one of the Aviones ᛫ someone from Öland in Sweden ᛫ N(P) Eowum OE
yewd geƿd ᛫ a flock ᛫ a herd ᛫ N ēowde OE
Yewland Geƿland ᛫ Öland ᛫ N Eowland OE
yex gex ᛫ a hiccup ᛬ to hiccup ᛫ N᛬V yexen/yesken ME or: yesk
yield geeld ᛫ payment ᛫ tax ᛫ profit ᛫ an amount of production ᛬ to pay ᛫ to give up ᛫ to hand over ᛫ to surrender ᛫ to quit ᛫ to concede ᛫ N᛬V yield&yēld NE&ME
yift gift ᛫ a contribution ᛫ a gift ᛫ a present ᛫ N yift ME de-Norsed form of "gift"
yisel gisel ᛫ a hostage ᛫ N gīsel[gīsel] ME rhyme: feisal
yiselyield giselgeeld ᛫ ransom ᛫ N gīsel+yield OE+NE literally: hostage payment
yit git ᛫ you two ( nominative ) ᛫ N(PN) ȝit[git] ME ARCHAIC & NOT RECOMMENDED
yoke geoke ᛫ a neck frame ᛫ oppression ( poetic ) ᛫ N ~ NE
yon geon ᛫ that ( something close to neither speaker nor listener ) ᛫ AJ&N(PN) ~ NE
yond geond ᛫ trans- ᛫ PREFIX yond- ME
yond geond ᛫ over there ᛬ throughout ᛫ through ᛫ over ᛬ that ᛫ those ᛫ AV᛬P᛬D yond&yond[geond] NE&ME
yonder geonder ᛫ over there ᛫ AV ~ NE
yondfare geondfare ᛫ to journey through ᛫ travel across ᛫ traverse ᛫ V yondfāren ME
yondgang geondgang ᛫ to go about ᛫ perambulate ᛫ V geondgangan OE
yondlight geondligt ᛫ to enlighten ᛫ V geondlīhtan OE
yondseek geondseek ᛫ to search thoroughly ᛫ pervade ᛫ V geondsēcan OE
yondshrithe geondscriþe ᛫ to traverse ᛫ V geondscrīþan OE
yondshrithing geondscriþing ᛫ traversal ᛫ N geondscrīþing OE
yore geore ᛫ time long past ᛬ in the past ᛫ N᛬AV ~ NE
yorelore georelore ᛫ history ᛫ N yore+lore NE×2 or: stear (OE stǣr from Greek ἱστορία)
yoreyearn georegearn ᛫ nostalgia ( in the temporal sense ) ᛫ N yore+yearn{friþgeorn} NE×2
Youdish Geudisc ᛫ Jewish speech ᛬ Jewish ᛫ Judean ᛫ N(P)᛬AJ(P) Jūdēish[Iūdēisc] ME‹I‹H‹O
Youdishman Geudiscman ᛫ a Jew ᛫ a Judean ᛫ N(P) Jūdēish+man ME+NE
younger geunger ᛫ junior ᛫ AJ ~ NE
youngerdom geungerdom ᛫ juniorship ᛫ juniority ᛫ N geongordōm OE
youth geƿþ ᛫ a juvenile ᛫ N ~ NE
youthen geƿþen ᛫ to de-age ᛫ V ~ NE [MW]
Yuletide Geƿltide ᛫ Christmas ᛫ the time around Christmas ᛫ N(P) Yuletide NE Anglisc Spelling based on variant spelling which avoids awkward "geool"