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POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol • 2

282

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

INDEX
TM 31-210

Armor materials 160
Battery, short lasting 154,

two hour 157
Carbine, 7.62 mm 46
Cartridge, rifle 61
Cone charge, vine bottle 23
Dust explosions 12
Explosions, dust 12
Fertilizer explosive 14
Fire bottle, chemical 84,

mechanically initiated
Fuse cords, fast burning 118

- _ , . slow burning 119
belled flame fuels, alcohol-lye 94

alcohol-soap 96
blood 102

egg 97
latex 99
lye 93
wax 101
Generator, automobile 152

bicycle 150
Grenade, nail 21

pipe 19

tin can land mine 25
Gun, match 55

Igniter, fuse, from book matches 108

from book matches 86
delay, cigarette 110
from book matches 36

fuse, from book matches 108

no flash, fuse 114
Incendiary, acid delay 104
Initiator, electric bulb 106

for dust explosions 12

Igniter,

Launcher, fire bottle 73

grenade, 70, 77
recoilless 63
rope, grenade 148
shotgun, grenade 65

six mm mortar projectile 81

Mine, mortar, scrap 27

Nitric acid 9

Pistol, pipe, .45 cal. 52

9 mm 36
Plastic explosive filler 5
Potassium nitrate 6
Primer, reusable 50
Propellant, red or white powder 16
Recoilles launcher 63
Scale, improvised 146
Shaped charge, coke bottle 30

cylindrical cavity 33

Shotgun, 12 guage 40

Shotshell dispersion control 44
Switch, altimeter 141

clothespin 133

flexible plate
knife 145

metal ball 139
mousetrap 135
pull-loop 143
Time delay, can liquid

dried seed
grenade 122
long term 129
short term 126

vatch 112

137

124

116

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

HANDBOOK

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Section

special warfare work. This Manual includes methods for fabricating
explosives, detonators, propellants, shaped charges, small arms,
mortars, incendiaries, delays, switches, and similar items from indige-
nous materials.

2. Safety and Reliability

Each item was evaluated both theoretically and experimentally to
assure safety and reliability. A large number of Items were discarded
because of inherent hazards or unreliable performance. Safety warnings
are prominently inserted in the procedures where they apply but it is
emphasized that safety is a matter of attitude. It is a proven fact that
men who are alert, who think out a situation, and who take correct pre-
cautions have fewer accidents than the careless and indifferent. It is
important that work be planned and that instructions be followed to the
letter; all work should be done in a neat and orderly manner. In the
manufacture explosives, detonators, propellants and incendiaries,
equipment must be kept clean and such energy concentrations as sparks ,

I EXPLOSIVES AND PROPELLANTS
(Including Igniters)

II MINES AND GRENADES

m SMALL ARMS WEAPONS AND AMMUNITION

IV MORTARS AND ROCKETS

V INCENDIARY DEVICES

VI FUSES, DETONATORS &t DELAY MECHANISMS

VII MISCELLANEOUS

FRANKFORD ARSENAL

Philadelphia Pennsylvania

friction, impact, hot objects, flame, chemical reactions, and exces-
sive pressure should be avoided.

These items were found to be effective in most environments;
however, samples should be made and tested remotely prior to actual
use of assure proper performance. Chemical items should be used as
soon as possible after preparation and kept free of moisture, dirt, and
the above energy concentrations. Special care should be taken in any
attempt at substitution or use of items for purposes other than that spec-
ified or intended. j- Section I

D No. i
PLASTIC EXPLOSIVE FILLER

A plastic expletive filler can be n\adc from potassium chlorite
and petroleum jelly. Thia explosive can be detonated with commer-
cial #8 or any military blasting cap.

INTRODUCTION

1 . Purpose and Scope

In Unconventional Warfare operations it may be impossible or un-
wise to use conventional military munitions as tools In the conduct of
certain missions. It may be necessary instead to fabricate the required
munitions from locally available or unassuming materials. The pur-
pose of this Manual is to increase the potential of Special Forces and
guerrilla troops by describing in detail the manufacture of munitions
from seemingly innocuous locally available materials.

Manufactured, precision devices almost always will be more effec-
tive, more reliable, and easier to use than improvised ones, but shelf
items will just not be available for certain operations for security or
logistical reasons. Therefore the operator will have to rely on mate-
rials he can buy in a drug or paint store, find in a junk pile, or scrounge
from military stocks. Also, many of the ingredients and materials used
in fabricating homemade items are so commonplace or innocuous they
can be carried without arousing suspicion. The completed item itself
often is more easily concealed or camouflaged. In addition, the field
expedient item can be tailored for the intended target, thereby pro-
viding an advantage over the standard item in flexibility and versatility.

The Manual contains simple explanations and illustrations to permit
construction of the items by personnel not normally familiar with making
and handling munitions. These items were conceived in-house or, ob-
< talned from other publications or persounel engaged in munitions or

MATERIAL REQUIRED

Potassium chlorate

Petroleum jelly (Vaseline)

Piece of round stick

Wide bowl or other container for
mixing ingredients.

PROCEDURE

HOW USED

Medicine
M&nufacture of mate he

Medicine
Lubricant

I. Spread potassium chlorate
crystals thinly on a hard surface;
Roll the round stick over crystal*
to crush into a very fine powder
until it looks like face powder or
wheat flour.

2. Place 9 parte powdered potas-
sium chlorate and 1 part petro-
leum jelly in a wide bowl or simi-
lar container. Mix ingredients
with hands (knead) until a uniform
paate is obtained.

Store explosive in a waterproof container until Veady to use,

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Section I

6 No, 2

POTASSIUM NITRATE
Potassium nitrate (saltpeter) can be extracted from many natural
sources and can be used to make nitric acid, black powder and many
pyrotechnics. The yield ranges from . 1 to 10% by weight, depending
on the fertility of the soil.

3. Place dirt in bucket,

MATERIALS

Nitrate bearing earth or other

material, about 3-1/2 gallons

(13-1/2 liters)

Fine wood ashes, about 1/2 cup
(1/8 liter)

SOURCE

Soil containing old decayed

vegetable or animal

matter
Old cellars and/or farm

dirt floors
Earth from old burial

grounds
Decayed stone or mortar

building foundations
Totally burned whitish wood

ash powder
Totally burned paper (black)

Bucket or similar container, about
5 gallons <19 liters) in volume

(Plastic, metal, or wood)
2 pieces of finely woven cloth, each

slightly larger than bottom of

bucket
Shallow pan or dish, at least as

large as bottom of bucket
Shallow heat resistant container

(ceramic, metal, etc.)
Water - 1-3/4 gallons (6-3/4 liters)
Awl, knife, screwdriver, or other

hole producing instrument
Alcohol about 1 gallon (4 liters)

(whiskey, rubbing alcohol, etc.)
Heat source (fire, electric heater, etc.)
Paper

Tape

NOTE: Only the ratios of the amounts of ingredients are important.
Thus, for twice as much potassium nitrate, double quantities used.

PROCEDURE :

1. Punch holes in bottom of bucket. Spread one piece of cloth over
holes inside of bucket.

4. Place bucket over shallow
container. Bucket may be sup-
ported on sticks if necessary.

Bucket

Shallow
Container

Cloth

5. Boil water and pour it over earth in bucket a little at a time
Allow water to run through holes in bucket into shallow container Be
sure water goes through all of the earth. Allow drained liquid to cool
and settle for 1 to 2 hours .

NOTE: Do not pour all of the water at once, since this may cause
stoppage.

6. Carefully drain off liquid into heat resistant container. Discard
any sludge remaining in bottom of the shallow container.

Improvised
Strainer

7, Boil mixture over hot

fire for at least 2 hours.

Small grains of salt will

begin to appear in the solu-
tion. Scoop these out as

they form, using any type

of improvised strainer

(paper, etc.).

Heat

Resistant

Container

Heat Source

Bottom of bucket

2. Place wood ashes on cloth and
spread to make a layer about the
thickness of the cloth. Place
second piece of cloth on top of ashes.

Cloth

Wood
Ashes

Cloth

8. When liquid has boiled down to
approximately half its original vol-
ume, remove from fire and let sit.
After half an hour add an equal vol-
ume of alcohol. When mixture is
poured through paper, small white
crystals will collect on top of it.

Paper

Tape

that appear (Sten 7V nn.it- tw ! , Remove any salt crystals

pieced »s: p ^™ii~T;: n *zzT mter made ° f —«

to dryness. 8 y heat ** con centrated solution

n^tratr^? 8 ^ 8 " ^ ******* *"* aIlW t0 **• The potassium
nitrate crystals are now ready for use.

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Section!

9 No. 4
NITRIC ACID

Nitric acid is used in the preparation of many explosives, incendi-
ary mixtures, and acidtlelay timers. It may be prepared by distilling
a mixture of potassium nitrate and concentrated sulfuric acid.
MATERIAL REQUIRED SOURCES:

Drug Store

Improvised (Section I. No. 2)
Motor vehicle batteries
Industrial plants

Potassium nitrate (2 parts by

volume)
Concentrated sulfuric acid ( 1 part

by volumel
2 bottles or ceramic Jugs (narrow

necks are preferable)
Pot or trying pan

Heat source (wood, coal, or char-
coal)
Tape (paper, electrical, masking,

etc. but not cellophane)
Paper or rags

IMPORTANT: If sulfuric acid is obtained from a motor vehicle battery,
concentrate it by boiling it until white fumes appear. DO NOT INHALE
FUMES.

XOTE: The amount of nitric acid produced is the same as the amount of
potaaaium nitrate. Thus, for 2 tables poonsful of nitric acid, use 2
tableapoonaful of potassium nitrate and 1 tables poonsful of concentrated
sulfuric acid.

PROCEDURE:

1. Place dry potassium
nitrate in bottle or jug. Add
sulfuric acid. Do not fill
bottle more than 1/4 full.
Mix until paste Is formed.

Bottle or

Paste of
Potassium
Nitrate and
Concentrated
Sulfuric Add

CAUTION: Sulfuric acid will burn skin and destroy clothing. If any is
spilled, wash it away with s large quantity of water. Fumes are also
dangerous and should not be inhaled.

2. Wrap paper or rags around necks of 2 bottles. Securely tape necks
of bottles together. Be sure bottles are flush against each other and
that there are no air spaces.

Paper

Necks "I Untiles

Flush Against Each Other

3. Support bottles on rocks or cans so thai empty buttle is sligh tly
lower than bottle containing paste so that nitric acid that is formed in
receiving bottle will not run into other bottle.

Tape Seal

Receiving
Bottle

Rocks or
Can Supports

4. Build fire in pot or frying pan.

5. Gently heat bottle containing mixture by moving fire in and out.
As red fumes begin to appear periodically pour cool water over
empty receiving bottle. Nitric acid will begin to form in the receiving
bottle.

i>. Continue the above process until no more red fumes are formed.
If the nitric acid formed in the receiving bottle is not clear {cloudy}
pour it into cleaned bottle and repeat Steps 2-6.

CAUTION: Nitric acid will burn skin and destroy clothing. If any is
spilled, wash it away with a large quantity of water. Fumes are also

dangerous and should not be inhaled.

Nitric acid should be kept away from all combustible* and should be kept

in a sealed ceramic or. glass container.

Section I

12 No. 5

INITIATOR FOR DUST EXPLOSIONS

An initiator which will initiate common material to produce dust
explosions can be rapidly and easily constructed. This type of charge
is ideal for the destruction of enclosed areas such as rooms or buildings

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

A flat can, 3 in. (8 cm) diameter and 1-1/2 in. (3-3/4 cm) high. A

6-1/2 ounce Tuna can serves the purpose quite well.
Blasting cap
Explosive

Aluminum (may be wire, cut sheet, flattened can or powder
Large nail, 4 in. (10 cm) long
Wooden rod - 1/4 in. (6 mm) diameter
Flour, gasoline and powder or chipped aluminum

NOTE: Plastic explosives (Comp. C-4, etc.) produce better explosions
than cast explosives (Comp. B, etc.).

PROCEDURE :

1. Using the nail, press a
hole through the side of the
Tuna can 3/8 to 1/2 inch
(1 to 1-1/2 cm) from the
bottom. Using a rotating
and lever action, enlarge
the hole until it will accom-
modate the blasting cap. ^ — _ — - ^

3/8 to 1/ 2'

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

2. Place the wooden rod
in the hole and position the
end of the rod at the center
of the can.

3. Press explosive into
the can, being sure to sur-
round the rod, until it is
3/4 inch (2 cm) from top

of the can. Carefully
remove the wooden rod.

4. Place the aluminum metal on
top of the explosive.

5. Just before use, insert the
blasting cap into the cavity made
by the rod. The initiator is now
ready for use.

Cardboard Disk Insert
For Handling Purposes

NOTE: If it is desired to carry
the initiator some distance, card-
board may be pressed on top of
the aluminum to insure against
loss of material.

Section I
111 No. C

FERTILIZER EXPLOSIVE

An explosive munition can be made from fertilizer grade ammonium
nitrate ami either fuel oil or a mixture of equal parts of motor oil ami
gasoline. When proiwrly prc|>arcd ( this explosive munition can be deto-
nated with a blasting cap.

Explosive MATERIAL REQUIRED;

Wooden Rod

Ammonium nitrate (not less than 32'. nitrogen)

Fuel oil or gasoline and motor oil (1:1 ratio)

Two flat boards. (At least one of these should he comfortably held in
the hand, i.e. 2 x 4 and 3C> x »«.)

Bucket or other container for mixing ingredients
Aluminum Iron or steel pipe or bottle, tin can or heavv-walled carcBjoard tube
Metal Blasting cap

Wooden rod - 1/4 in. diameter
Spoon or similar measuring conto'ner

PROCEDURE :

1. Spread a nun ll'ji of the ammo-
nium nitrate on the large flat board
and rub vigorously with the other
board until the large particles are
crushed into a very fine powder v
that looks like flour (approx. 10 min).

NOTE: Proceed with Step 2 as soon as possible since
the powder may take moisture from the air and become spoiled.

HOW TO USE :

2. Mix one measure (cup, table-
spoon, etc.) of fuel oil with lb
measures of the finely ground ammo*
nium nitrate in a dry bucket or other
suitable container and stir with the
wooden rod. If fuel oil is not avail-
able, use one half measure of
gasoline and one half measure of
motor oil. Store in a waterproof
container until ready to use.

This particular unit work, quite well to initiate charges of five pounds
of Hour, i /2 gallon (1 . 2/3 , Uers) of gagoUne of ^ ££<*

S e " trtiZ; The 80lid materials may merely be COntalned '»

sack, or cardboard cartons. The gasoline may be placed in plastic-
coated paper milk cartons, plastic or glass bottle*. The charges are

electrically or by fuse depending on the type of cap employed. This will
destroy a 2.000 cubic feet enclosure (building 10 x 20 x !0 feet)

NOTE: For larger enclosure •«. „™-v„-.. ... 3 " S|KK,n lh ' 8 mixturc int0 an iron '"' steel pipe which has an end cap

and charges enclosures ' *>* Proportionately larger initiator, threaded on one end. If a pipe is not available, you may use a dry tin

5 Lb. Solid can » a >■***• i ar or a heavy-walled cardboard tube.

Charge in Carton

Initiator

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

NOTE: Take care not to tamp

or shake the mixture in the pipe. If mixture becomes tightly
packed, one cap will not be sufficient to initiate the explosive.

3, Stir and scrape the bucket sides occasionally until the mixture is

reduced to one quarter of its original volume, then stir continuously.

4. As the water evaporates, the mixture will become thicker until it
reaches the consistency of cooked breakfast cereal or homemade fudge.
At this stage of thickness, remove the bucket from the heat source,
and sureac! the mass on the metal sheet.

Blasting Cap

4. Insert blasting cap Just beneath
the surface of the explosive mix.

Pipe

Mixture

NOTE: Confining the open end of the container will add to the effective-
ness of the explosive. Section I

16 No. 9

"RED OR WHITE POWDER" PROPELLANT

"Red or White Powder" Propellont may be prepared in a simple,
safe manner. The formulation described below will result in approxi-
mately 2-1/2 pounds of powder. This is a small arms pro pell ant and
should only be used in weapons with 1/2 in. inside diameter or less,
such as the Match Gun or the 7.62 Carbine, but not pistols.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Heat source (Kitchen stove or open fire)

2 gallon metal bucket

Measuring cup (3 ounces)

Wooden spoon or rubber spatula

Metal sheet or aluminum foil rat least Id in. sq.)

Flat window screen (at least 1 ft. sq.)

Potassium nitrate (granulated) 2-1/3 cups

White sugar (granulated) 2 cups

Powdered ferric oxide (rust) 1/8 cup (if available)

Clearwater. 3-1/2 cups

5, While the material cools, score it with the spoon or spatula In
crisscrossed furrows about 1 inch apart.

PROCEDURE

1. Place the sugar, potassium
nitrate, and water in the bucket.
Heat with a low flame, stirring
occasionally until the sugar and
potassium nitrate dissolve.

2. If available, add the ferric oxide
(rust) to the solution. Increase the
flame under the mixture until It

boils gently.

NOTE: The mixture will retain the
rust coloration.

6. Allow the material to air dry, preferably in the sun. As it dries,
rescore It occasionally (about every 20 minutes) to aid drying.

7. When the material has dried to a point where it is moist and soft
but not sticky to the touch, place a small spoonful on the screen. Rub
the material back and forth against the screen mesh with spoon or
other flat object until the material is granulated into small worm-like
particles.

*« After granulation, return the material to the sun to dry
completely. ^.^ (f

19 No. i

PIPE HAND GRENADE

ffaad grenades can be mad* from a piece o« iron pipe. The
filler caa M plastic or granular military *xplo*iv«, improvHcd
explosive, or propclUat from shotgun or small arm* ammunition.

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

MATERIAL REQUIRED

Iron pip*, threaded «nd», I Ml" Powder

to 1" diim. , V to *" long.
Two (Z) iron pip* cap*.
Explosive or propellent
Nonelectric bloating cop.

(Comrturclil or military)
Fas* cord
Hand drill
Pilar*

PROCEDURE

1. Placo blasting cap on on* and
of fuea cord and crimp with pilar*.

NOTE; To find out how long th*
fue* cord should b*. chock th*
tim* it tak*s a known length to
burn. If 12 iach*s buraa in 30
eeconda. a 6- inch cord will ig.
alt* th* graaad* in 15 seconds.

I. Screw pip* cap to oao oad of
•ipo. Placo fuse cord with blatt-
lag <*p lata th* eppoait* and *o
that th* blaatlag cap 1* a*ar th*
c*at*r of th* pip*. 20

Pl J»* DU

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Block of TNT or other blaoting
explosive
NaiU

Non-Electric Military blasting cap

Fuse Cord

Tap*, etving, wire or glue

End Cap

Fuse Cord

NOTE: |f plastic explosive I* to
ha need, flU pip* b*f*r* inserting
bloating cap. Push a round stick*
lata th* c*at*r of th* exploeive to
make a hoi* and th*n insert th*
Uaattag cap.

PROCEDURE :

1* If an explosive charge other
than a standard TNT block is
used, make a hole in the center

Fuse r*»d of tne ch * r 8* for inserting the

blasting cap. TNT can be drilled
with relative safety. With
plastic explosives, a hole can
be made by pressing a round
stick into the center of the charge.
The hole should be deep enough
that the blasting cap is totally ,
within the explosive. '

2. Tape, tie or glue one or
two rows of closely packed nails
to sides of explosive block.
Nails should completely cover
the four surfaces of the block.

EXPLOSIVE

HOLE FOR
BLASTING CAP

TAPE
EXPLOSIVE

3. Place blasting cap on one

end of the fuse cord and crimp BLASTING CAP
with pliers.

NAILS

FUSE CORD

-Bloating Cap
Pipe
Cud Can

rui*

S. Pour explosive or propellent
lata pipe a little bit at a tim*. Tap
the baa* of the pip* frequently to
e*ttl* filler.

4. Drill a hole In th* cantor of the
waaasemblod pip* cap large enough
for th* fas* cord to pass through.

5. Wip* pip* thread* to remove

filler material.

Slide the drilled pip* cap
th* fuss aad screw asniHlshl
tkopino.

onto

NOTE: To find out how long the]

fuse cord should be, check the

time it takes a known length

to burn. If 12 inches (30 cm)

burns for 30 seconds, a 10

second dVlav will require a 4
inch [10cm) fuse.

NAILS

4. Insert the blasting cap la
the hole in the block of explosiv
Tape or tie fuao cord securely
in placo so that it will not fall
out whoa the grenade is thrown,

ALTERNATE USE:

An effective directional

_. - anti-personnel mine can bo made
Pipe cap by p i 4Cing naiU on only one

aide of the explosive block.
For this case, an electric

blaating cap can be used.

FUSE CORD
BLASTING CAP

TARGET

.. Section
*■*■ No. 2

NAIL GRENADE
Effective fragmentation grenades can be made from a

block of TNT or other blasting explosive and nails

_ . Section II
23 No. 3

WINE BOTTLE CONE CHARGE

This cone charge will penetrate 3 to 4 inches of armor.
Placed on an engine or engine compartment it will disable a tank
or other vehicle .

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Glass wine bottle with false bottom (cone shaped)

Plastic or castable explosive

Blasting cap

Gasoline or Kerosene (small amount)

String

Adhesive tape

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

PROCEDURE :

1. Soak a piece of string in gaso-
line or kerosene. Double wrap
this string around the wine bottle String
approximately 3 in. (7 1/2 cm)
above the top of the cone.

NOTE: A small amount of motor
oil added to the gasoline or
kerosene will improve results.

2. Ignite the string and allow to
burn for 1 to 2 minutes. Then
plunge the bottle into cold water
to crack the bottle. The top
half can now be easily removed
and discarded.

Burning
String

Cold

3. H plastic explosive is used:

(a) pack explosive into the bottle
a little at a time compressing
with a wooden rod. Fill the
bottle to the top.

(b) press a 1/4 in. wooden dowel
1/2 in. (12mm) into the middle of
the top of the explosive charge to
form a hole for the blasting rap.

2. Place the charge so that the
bottom is 3 to 4 in. (? 1/2 to 10 cm)
from the target. This can be done
by taping legs to the charge or any
other convenient means as long as
there is nothing between the base
of the charge and the target.

3. If electric cap is used,
connect blasting cap wires to

firing circuit.

Container

Bottom Half
ol Bottle

4. If TNT or other castable explosive is used: ,

(a) break explosive into small pieces using a wooden mallet or
non-t parking metal tool*. Place piece* in a tin can.

(b) Suspend this can in a larger
container which is partly filled
with water. A stiff wire or stick
pushed through the smaller can
will accomplish this.

NOTE: The effectiveness of this
charge can be increased by placing
inside a can, box, or similar con-
tainer and packing sand or dirt
between the charge and the con-
tainer.

Section a

25 No. 4

GRENADE-TIN CAN LAND MINE
This device can be used as a land mine that will explode when the
trip wire Is pulled.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Hand grenade having side safety lever

Sturdy container, open at one end, that is just large enough to fit over

grenade and its safety lever (tin can of proper size is suitable).
Strong string or wire
NOTE: The container must be of such a size that, when the grenade is

placed in It and the safety pin removed, its sides will prevent the safety
lever from springing open. One end must be completely open.

PROCEDURE ;

CAUTION: The inner can must
not rest on the bottom of tn~e

outer container.

Suspension
Rod

Explosive
Inner Can

1. Fasten one piece of string to
the closed end of container, making
a strong connection. This can be String
done by punching 2 holes in the can,
looping the string through them, and

tying a knot.

2. Tie free .end of this string to bush, stake, fencepost, etc.

er Can

Water

3. Fasten another length of string
to the grenade such that It cannot

(c) Heat the container on an electric hot plate or other heat source. interfere with the functioning of the
Stir the explosive frequently with a wooden stick while it is melting, ignition mechanism of the grenade.

String

CAUTION: Keep area well ventilated while melting explosive
Fumes may be poisonous.

(d) When all the exploaive has melted, remove the inner container
and stir the molten explosive until it begins to thicken. During
this time the bottom half of the wine bottle should be placed in the
container of hot water. This will pre -heat the bottle ao that it
will not crack when the explosive is poured.

(e) Remove the bottle from hot water and dry thoroughly. Pour
molten explosive into the bottle and allow to cool. The crust which
forms on top of the charge during cooling should be broken with a
wooden stick and more explosive added. Do this as often as
necessary until the bottle is filled to the top.

(0 When explosive has completely hardened, bore a hole for
the blasting cap in the middle of the top of the charge about
1/2 in. (12mm) deep.

4. Insert grenade into container

String

Attached

To Can

t String Attached
To Grenade

S. Lay free length of string across
path and fasten to stake, bush, etc.
The string should remain taut.

Stake

Coiateainer

HOW TO USE :

1. Place blasting cap in the hole
the top of the charge. If non-
electric cap is used be sure cap
is crimped around fuze and fuze
la long enough to provide safe
delay.

Tripwire

Grenade

HOW TO USE:

I. Carefully withdraw safety pin by pulling on ring. Be sure safety
lever is restrained during this operation. Grenade will function in
normal manner when trip wire Is pulled.

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

NOTE: In areas where concealment Is possible, a greater effect may
be obtained by suspending the grenade several fset above ground, as

Illustrated below.

6. Insert second piece of rag wadding against stones and/or metal
scrap. Pack tightly as before.

Metal
Wad Scrap Wad Firing

Leads

27 No< s

MORTAR SCRAP MINE
A directional shrapnel launcher that can be placed in the path of
advancing troops.

HOW TO USE :

1. Bury pipe in ground with open end facing the expected path of the
enemy. The open end may be covered with cardboard and a thin layer
of dirt or leaves as camouflage.

_ 2 " C on nect firing leads to battery and switch. Mine can be remotely

MATERIAL REQUIRED : fired when needed or attached to trip device placed in path of ad-

Iron pipe approximately 3 ft. (1 meter) long and 2 in. to 4 in. (5 to vancing troops.
10 cm) in diameter and threaded on at least one end. Salvaged

artillery cartridge case may also be used. NOTE: A NON-ELECTRICAL ignition system can be substituted for

Threaded cap to fit pipe. the electrical ignition system as follows.

Black powder or salvaged artillery propellant about 1/2 lb. (200 gins)

lotaL l - Follow above procedure, substituting safety fuse for tauter

Electrical igniter (commercial SQUIB or improvised igniter. Section

VI. No. 1). Safety or improvised fuse may also be used. 2. Light safety fuse when ready to fire.

Small stones about 1 in. (2-1/2 cm) in diameter or small size scrap; Mortar Mine

about 1 lb. (400gms> total.
Rags for wadding, each about 20 in. by 20 in. (50 cm x 50 cm)
Paper or bag
Battery and wire
Stick (non-metallic)

Note: Be sure pipe has no cracks or (laws.

PROCEDURE;

1. Screw threaded cap onto
pipe.

2. Place propellant and igniter in
paper or rag and tie package with

string so contents will not fall out.

Igniter
Leads

Propellant
and igniter

Direction
of shot

Trip Device

(Electrical Contact)

Battery

3. Insert packaged propellant and
igniter into pipe until package rests against threaded

cap leaving firing leads extending from open end of pipe.

4. Roll rag till it is about 6 in. (15-1/2 cm)

long and the same diameter as pipe. Insert rag wadding against

packaged propellant igniter. With caution, pack tightly using stick.

5. Insert stones and/or scrap metal into pipe.

Connecting

Wires

Section II

30 No. 6

COKE BOTTLE SHAPED CHARGE

This shaped charge will penetrate 3 in. (7-1/2 cm) of armor. (It
will disable a vehicle if placed on the engine or engine compartment).

Glass Coke bottle. 6-1/2 oft. size
Plastic or eastable explosive, about
1 lb. (454 gm)

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

291

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Blasting cap

Metal cylinder, open at both ends , about

6 in. (IS cm) long and 2 in. (5 cm) inside

diameter. Cylinder should be heavy

walled for best results.
Plug to lit mouth of coke bottle

(rags, metal, wood, paper, etc.)
Non-metal rod about 1/4 in. (6 mm) in

diameter and 8 in. (20 cm) or more

In length.
Tape or string
2 tin cans if castable explosive is used (See Section II, No. 3)

NOTE: Cylinder may be cardboard, plastic, etc. if castable
is used. ^Plug

PROCEDURE:

2. Place bottom of Coke Bottle flush
against the target. If target is not
flat and horizontal, fasten bottle to
target by any convenient means, such
as by placing tape or string around
target and top of bottle. Bottom of
bottle seta as stand-off.

I. Place plug In mouth of bottle.

explosive! CAUTION: Be sure that base of bottle is flush against target and that
there Is nothing between the target and the base of the bottle.

3. Connect leada from bleating cap to firing circuit.
Method II: If non-electrical Maiting cap is used:

Cylinder

2. Place cylinder over top of
bottle until bottom of cylinder
rests on widest part of bottle.
Tape cylinder to bottle. Con-
tainer should be straight on
top of bottle.

3. If plastic explosive is used:

Tape

Bottle

a. Place explosive in cylinder
a little at a time tamping with
rod until cylinder is full.

b. Press the rod about 1/2 in. (1 cm) into the middle of the top of
the explosive charge to form a hole for the blasting cap.

4. If castable explosive is used,
follow procedure of Wine Bottle
Cone Charge, Section II, No. 3,
Step 4, a through f.

HOW TO USE.

Explosive
(Inside Cylinder)

Bottle

Method 1. If electrical blasting cap is useaT

1. Place blasting cap in hole in top of explosive,

CAUTION: Do not insert blasting cap until charge is ready to be
detonated.

1. Crimp cap around fuse.

[

CAUTION; Be sure fuse is long enough to provide a safe delay.

2. Follow steps 1, 2, and CAUTIONS of Method I.

Light fuse when ready to Are.

Section U

No. 7
CYLINDRICAL CAVITY SHAPED CHARGE

A shaped charge can be made from common pipe. It will penetrate
1-1/2 in. (3-1/2 cm) of steel, producing a hole 1-1/2 in. (3-1/2 cm) in
diameter.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Iron or steel pipe. 2 to 2-1/2 in. (3 to 6-1/2 cm) in diameter and 3 to

4 in. (7-1/2 to 10 cm) long
Metal pipe, 1/2 to 3/4 in. (1-1/2 to 2 cm) in diameter and 1-1/2 in.

(3-1/2 cm) long, open at both ends. (The wall of the pipe should

be as thin as possible.)
Blasting cap

Non-metallic rod, 1/4 in. (6 mm) in diameter
Plastic or castable explosive
2 metal cans of different sizes

Stick or wire } If castable explosive is used

Heat source

I-

PROCEDURE :

1. If plastic explosive is used:

a. Place larger pipe on
flat surface- Hand
pack and tamp explo-
sive into pipe. Leave
approximately 1/4 in.
(G mm) space at top.

p .y*-w*

* f .

Approximately
1/4 in. Empty

Space

Large
Pipe

Plastic
Explosive

Flat Surface

b . Push rod into center of explosive. Enlarge hole in explosive
to diameter and length of small pipe.

1-1/2 in.

Insert small pipe
into hole.

Large Pipe

POOR MAN f S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

29 2

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

[

IMPORTANT: Be sure direct contact is made between explosive and
small pipe. Tamp explosive around pipe by hand if necessary.

d. Make sure that there la 1/4 in. (6 mm) empty space above small

pipe. Remove explosive if necessary.

1/4 in.

3. Place other end of pipe Hush
against the target. Fasten pipe
to target by any convenient means ,
■aea aa by placing tape or string
around targe* and top of pipe, if
target is not flat and horUontal

BlM ting Cap

Pipe

Tape

Hole for Blasting Csp

Turn pipe upside down snd
push rod 1/2 in. (1-1/4 cm)
into center of opposite end
of explosive to form a hole
for the blasting cap.

~T*/2 HI.

1/4 in.

CAUTION: Be smre thai base of pips is Que* against target
tars to nothing b e tw een tat target and the base of the p ipe.

S. Connect toads frees blasting cap to firing circuit.

Method H - If non-electrical blasting eap is need.
Crtatpcnp

[CAUTION: Do not insert blasting cap in hole until ready to fire shaped
charge.

2. If TNT or other castable explosive is used:

a. Follow procedure. Section n. No. 3, Step 4, Parts a, b, c, in-
cluding CAUTIONS.

b. When all the explosive has melted, remove the inner container
and stir the molten explosive until it begins to thicken.

CAUTION: Be sure fuse U long

to provide a safe delay

t. Fellow Steps 1, 2, and CAUTION of Method [.

]

J Light

ready to fire.

Section in

36 no. i

PIPE PISTOL FOR 9 MM AMMUNITION

A 9 mm pistol can be made from 1/4" steel gas or water pipe

fittings..

Place large pipe on flat
surface. Pour explo-
sive into pipe until it is
1-3/4 in. (4 cm) from
the top.

3/4 in.

Castable
Explosive

« u *. Flat Surface
Small Pipe

Place small pipe in center of large
pipe so that it rests on top of ex-
plosive. Holding small pipe in
place, pour explosive around small
pipe until explosive is 1/4 in, (6 mm)
from top of large pipe.

Allow explosive to cool. Break crust that forms on top of the
charge during cooling with a wooden stick and add more explo-
sive. Do this as often as necessary until explosive Is 1/4 in.
(6 mm) from top.

f. When explosive baa com-
pletely hardeaed , tun pipe
upside down and bore a bole
for the btaetlag cap in the
middle of the top of the
charge about 1/2 in. (1-1/4 cm)
oeep.

HOW TO USE :

Method I - If electrical Waiting cap is used:
1. Place blasting cap la hole made for It.

MATERIAL REQUIRED

1/4" nominal alae steel pipe 4 to 6
inches long with threaded ends.

1/4** Solid pipe plug

Two (2) steel pipe couplings

Metal strap - roughly 1/8" *

1/4" x.5"
Two (2) elastic bands
Flat head nail - 6D or SD (approx

1/16" diameter) ,

Two (2) wood screws #6

Wood »" x $" x 1"

Drill

1/4" wood Or metal rod, (approx

•" »Onf)

PROCEDURE

1. Carefully inspect pipe and fittings.

a. Make sure that there are NO cracks or other Claws in the
pipe or fittings.

b. Check inside diameter of pipe using a 9 mm cartridge as a
gauge. The bullet should closely fit into the pipe without for
clng but the cartridge case SHOULD NOT fit into pipe.

c. Outside diameter of pipe MUST NOT BE l^» than 1 1/2
times bullet diameter (. 536 inches; 1.' 37 cm)

2. Drill a9/!6" (1.43cm) diam-
eter hole 3/8" (approximately 1
cm) into one coupling to remove
the thread.

Drilled section should fit tightly
over smooth section of pipe.

H -"»-

wrrmm,

9/16'

[

CAUTION: Do not insert blsetlag cap until charge la ready to lire.

3. Drill a 24/64" (1 cm) diameter
hole 3/4" (1. 9 cm) into pipe. Uae
cartridge aa a gauge; when a car-
tridge is inserted into the pipe, the
base of the caee should be even
with the end of the pipe. Thread
coupling tightly onto pipe, drilled
end first.

25" l~f ~ > —

64 ] t ■

3/4

CZZD

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

293

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

4. Drill a hole in the center of the
pipe plug just Urge enough for the
nail to fit through.

HOLE MUST BE CENTERED

IN PLUG.

10. Position metal strap on stock
to that top will hit the head of the
nail. Attach to stock with wood
screw on each side.

11. String elastic bands from front
coupling to notch on each side of
the a trap.

5. Push nail through plug until pj pe p| u «
head of nail is flush with square
end. Cut nail off at other end
1/16" f. 1*8 cm) away from plug.
Round off end of nail with file.

Nail

Rounded

SAFETY CHECK - TEST FIRE PISTOL BEFOREHAND FIRING

1. Locate & barrier such as a stone wall or large tree which you
can stand behind in case the pistol ruptures when fired.

1/16 in. 2. Mount pistol solidly to a table or other rigid support at least
(. 158 cm.) ten feet in front of the barrier.

6. Bend metal strap to "U" shape f* l,4 "<\/ Notch
and drill holes for wood screws.
File two small notches at top.

This dimension
to be Z" greater
than unas i
length ol

■ i •— i

3. Attach a cord to the firing strap on the pistol.

4. Holding the other end of the cord, go behind the barrier.

5. Pull the cord so that the firing strap is held back.

6. Release the cord to fire the pistol. (If pistol does not fire,
shorten the elastic bands or increase their number* )

IMPORTANT : Fire at least five rounds from behind the
barrier and then re-inspect the pistol before you attempt

to hand fire it.

7. Saw or otherwise shape 1"
(2. 54 cm) thick hard wood into
stock.

E"|li*h| Mvirti

1 !«.

t.\* <«*i

1 U m.

t.tl cm

»/l* in,

1.41 <m

I m.

V OB «m

« in, IV i <m

\u-

8. Drill a 9/16" diameter (1.45
hole through the stock. The cen
of the hole should be approximat
1/2" (I. 27 cm) from the top.

9. Slide the pipe through this hole
and attach front coupling. Screw
drilled plug into rear coupling.

HOW TO OPERATE PISTOL
1. To Load

a. Remove plug from rear
c oupling .

NOTE: If 9/16" drill is not avail- Groove
able cut a "V" groove in the top of
the stock and tape pipe securely in
place.

b. Place cartridge into pipe.

c. Replace plug.

To Fire

a. Pull strap back and hold
with thumb until ready.

b. Release strap.

Tape3 ' To Rcmov c Shell Case

a. Remove plug from rear
coupling.

b. Insert 1/4" diameter steel
or wooden rod into front
of pistol and push shell
case out.

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

294

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

7. File threaded end of
plug flat.

SHOTGUN (12 GAUGE)

A 12 -gauge shotgun can be made from 3/4
mad fittings.

MATERIALS REQUIRED

or gas pipe

8. Push nail through plug and cut
off flat 1/32" past the plug.

9. Screw plug into coupling.

Wood 2" x 4" x 32"

3/4" nominal size water or gas pipe 20'* to 30" long threaded on

10. Bend 4" metal strap into
"L" shape and drill hole for
wood screw. Notch metal
•trap on the long side 1/2"
from bend.

Drill i.l '|

(A r

1/2"

one end.
3/4" steal coupling
Solid 3/4" pipe plug
Metal strap (1/4" x 1/16" x 4")
Twine, heavy (100 yards approximately)
3 wood screws and screwdriver
Flat head nail 6D or 8D
Hand drill

Saw or knife

File

Shellac or lacouer

Elastic Bands

PROcfcuuK*;

1, Carefully inspect pipe and fittings*

... fc . fc fc . , A . „ n ' Portion metal strap on stock so that top will hit the head of

a. Make sure that there are no cracks or other flaws, the nail. Attach to stock with wood screw.

b. Check inside diameter of pipe. A 12 -gauge shot shell should /~ plu 8
fit into the pipe but the brass rim should not fit. N *"

c. Outside diameter of pipe must be at least 1 in.
(2. 54 cm).

32" Approx J

lr 2 "

13-1/2" —I

L' la Mir Band*
Firing Strap

Stock

-U.

L 4 ., 2

2. Cut stock from wood using a saw or knife.

3. Cut a 3/8" deep "V" groove in top of the stock,

4. Turn coupling onto pipe until tight.
Coupling v -Twine pt pe

3/8'

Slot

12. Place screw in each side of stock about 4" in front of metal
strap. Pass elastic bands through notch in metal strap and attach
to screw on each side of the stock.
SAFETY CHECK - TEST FIRE SHOTGUN BEFORE HAND FIRING

1. Locate a barrier such as a stone wall or large tree which you
can stand behind in case the weapon explodes when fired.

2. Mount shotgun solidly to a table or other rigid support at least
ten feet in front of the barrier.

3. Attach a long cord to the firing strap on the shotgun.

4. Holding the other end of the cord, go behind the barrier.

5. Pull the cord so that the firing strap is held back.

S. Coat pipe and "V"

groove of stock with shellac or lacquer

and. while still wet, place pipe in "V" groove and wrap 6. Release the cord to fire the shotgun. (If shotgun does not fire,

_ ^ .._,. ♦_.♦*,.-..-:— ... ^ ,„..--- „< >. ..: _ shorten the elastic bands or increase their number. \

pipe and stock together using two heavy layers of twine.
Coat twine with shellac or l*<=qu« *«*r «*<=h layer.

6. Drill a hole through center
of pipe plug Urge enough for
nail to pass through.

IMPORTANT; Fire at least five rounds from behind the
barrier and then re-inspect the shotgun before you at.

tempt to shoulder fire it.

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

295

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

HOW TO OPERATE SHOTGUN

I. To Load

a. Take plug out of coupling.

b. Put shotgun shell into pipe.

c. Screw plug hand -tight into coupling.

2, To Fire

a. Pull strap back and hold with thumb.

b. Release strap.

3. To Unload Gun

a. Take plug out of coupling.

b. Shake out used cartridge.

NOTE: If cartridge is of roll
crimp type, remove top wad.

2. Pour shot from shell.

1 3. Replace one layer of shot in
the cartridge. Pour in filler
material to fill the spaces between
the shot.

WAD
PROPELLANT

4. Repeat Step 3 until all shot has been replaced.

5. Replace top wad (if applicable) and re-fold crimp.

6. Roll shell on flat eurface to
smooth out crimp and restore
roundness.

7, Seal end of case with wax.

. . Section m
W No. 3

SHOTSHELL DISPERSION CONTROL

When desired, shotshell can be modified to reduce shot
dispersion.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Shotshell

Screwdriver or knife

Any of the following filler materials:

Crushed Rice

Rice Flour

Dry Bread Crumbs

Fine Dry Sawdust

PROCEDURE:

HOW TO USE:

This round is loaded and fired in the same manner as
standard shotshell. The shot spread will be about 2/3 that of a

standard round.

, - Section rn

40 No. 4

CARBINE (7. 82 mm Standard Rifle Ammunition)

A rifle can be made from water or gas pipe and fittings,
cartridges arc used for ammunition.

Standard

STAR CRIMP

1, Carefully remove crimp from
shotshell using a screwdriver or
knife .

ROLL CRIMP

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Wood approximately 2 in. x 4 in.
x 30 in.

1/4 in. nominal size Iron water or
gas pipe 20 in. long threaded
at one end.

Twine, heavy (100 yards approx.)
3 wood screws and screwdriver
Flat head nail about 1 in. long
Hand drill
Saw- or knife

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

296

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

File

Pipe wrench

Shellac or lacquer

Elastic band*

Solid 3/8 in. pipe plug

3/8 in. to 1/4 In. reducer
3/8 in. x 1-1/2 in. threaded pipe
3/8 in. pipe coupling
Metal strap approximately 1/2 in.
x 1/26 in. x 4 In.

PROCEDURE:

1. Inspect pipe and fittings carefully.

a. Be sure that there are no cracks or flaws.

b. Check inside diameter of pipe. A T. 82 mm projectile should
fit into 3/8 in. pipe.

2. Cut stock from wood using saw or knife.

3. Cut a 1/4 In. deep "V" groove In top of the stock.

L— 1-1/2"

Fabricate rifle barrel from pipe.

File or drill inside diameter of threaded end of 20 In. pipe for
about 1/4 In. so neck of cartridge case will fit In.

Screw reducer onto threaded pipe using pipe wrench.

3/8" to 1/4"

e. Screw short threaded pipe into reducer.

3/8" Coupling Reducer
d. Turn 3/8 pipe coupling onto

threaded pipe using pipe
wrench. All fittings should
be as tight as possible. Do
not split fittings. Threaded Pipe

3/8" x J-l/2"

5. Coat pipe and "V" groove of stock with shellac or lacquer. While
still wet, place pipe in "V" groove and wrap pipe and stock together
using two layers of twine. Coat twine with shellac or lacquer after
each layer.

6. Drill a hole through center of
pipe plug large enough for nail to

pass through.

7. File threaded end of plug flat*

8. Push nail through plug and out
off rounded 1/32 in. (2 mm) past
the plug.

9. Screw plug into coupling.

10. Bend 4 in. metal strap into
"L" shape and drill hole for wood
screw. Notch metal strap on the
long side 1/2 in. from bend.

11. Position metal strap on stock
so that top will hit the head of the
nail. Attach to stock with wood
■crew.

12. Place screw in each side of stock about 4 in. in front of metal
strap. Pass elastic bands through notch in metal strap and attach to
screw on each side of the stock.

Pipe Plug -Coupling

N-il" 1 S

Firing'strap El"*c Bands
SAFETY CHECK - TEST FIRE RIFLE BEFORE HAND FIRING

1. Locate a barrier such as a stone wall or large tree which
you can stmnd behind to test fire weapon.

2. Mount rifle solidly to a table or other rigid support at least
ten feet in front of the barrier.

3. Attach a long cord to the firing strap on the rifle.

4. Holding the other end of the cord, go behind the barrier.

5. Pull the cord so that the firing strap is held back.

6. Release the cord to fire the rifle. (If the rifle does not Are,
shorten the elastic bands or increase their number.)

IMPORTANT: Fire at least five rounds from behind a barrier
MMMMM a^Jhenj£tn^pe^t_the^ rifle before you attempt to shoulder fire

HOW TO OPERATE RIFLE :
I. To Load

a. Remove plug from coupling.

b. Put cartridge into pipe.

c. Screw plug hand-tight into

- _ _,, coupling.
2. To Fire

■i.

a. Pull strap back and hold with thumb.

b. Release strap.
To Unload Gun

a. Take plug out of coupling.

b. Drive out used case using stick or Iwig

POOR MAN"S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

29 7

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Section III

No. 5

REUSABLE PRIMER
A method of making a previously fired primer reusable.
MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Used cartridge esse

2 long nails having approximately the same diameter as the inside of

the primer pocket
"Strike-anywhere'" matches - 2 or 3 ure needed (or e ach primer
Vise
Hammer

Knile or other sharp edged instrument
PROCEDURE:

1. File one nail to a needle
point so that it is small enough
to fit through hole in primer
pocket.

2. Place cartridge case and nail between jaws of vise. Force out fired

primer with nail as shown:
Viae

4. File down point of second nail
until tip is flat.

5. Remove indentations from face

of primer cup with hammer and flattened

nail.

6. Cut off tips of the heads of
"strike-anywhere" matches using
knife. Carefully crush the match
tips on dry surface with wooden
match stick until the mixture is the
consistency of sugar.

Primer Cup

Head

Wooden

Match Stick

[

CAUTION: Do not crush more than 3 match tips at one time or the mix-
ture may explode.

7. Pour mixture into primer cup.
Compress mixture with wooden
match stick until primer cup ia
fully packed.

wooden
Match SUck

Mixture

Primer

8. Plsce anvil in primer pocket
with legs down.

Pocket
/ -Anvil

^ B83 (| Cartridge
lill-^ Ca«

». Place cup in pocket with mix-
ture facing downward.

fixture Primer
Anvil / ^Cup

10. Place cartridge case and primer cup between vise jaws, and press
slowly until primer is seated into bottom of pocket. The primer is uow
ready to use.

Vise Jaw

Primer Cup

t? 9 Section in
-* c No. 6

PIPE PISTOL FOR .43 CALIBER AMMUNITION

A . 45 caliber pistol can be made from 3/8 in. nominal diameter
steel gas or water pipe and fittings. Lethal range is about 13 yards
(10-1/2 meters).

MATKK1AL REQUIRED :

Steel pipe. 3/6 in. (1 cm) nominal diameter and 6 in. (15 cm) long

with threaded ends.
2 threaded couplings to fit pipe
Solid pipe plug to fit pipe coupling

Hard wood. 4-1/2 in. x 6-1/2 in. x 1 in. (21 cm x 16-1/2 cm x 2-1/2 cm)
Tape or string

Flat head nail, approximately 1/16 in. (1-1/2 mm) in diameter
2 wood screws, approximately 1/lG in. (1-1/2 mm) in diameter
Metal strap, 3 in. x 1/4 in. x 1/6 in. (12-1/2 cm x G mm x I mm)
Bolt, 4 in. (10 cm) long, with nut (optional).
Elastic bands
Drills, one 1/16 in. (1-1/2 mm) In diameter, and one having same

diameter as bolt (Optional).
Rod, 1/4 in, (6mm) in diameter and tt in. (20 cm) long
Saw or knife

PROCEDURE :

1. Carefully inspect pipe and fittings.

a. Make sure that there are no cracks or other flaws in the pipe
and fittings.

b. Check inside diameter of pipe using a .45 caliber cartridge
as a gauge. The cartridge case should fit into the pipe snugly
but without forcing.

c. Outside diameter of pipe MUST NQT BE less than 1-1/2 times
the bullet diameter.

2. Follow procedure of Section III, No. 1, steps 4, 5, and 6.

3. Cut stock from wood li

using saw or knife. '

Inches

Centimeters

1-1/2

4 cm

8-1/2

26-1/2

1-1/2

12-1/2

1-1/2

4. Cut a 3/8 in. (9-1/2 mm) deep
groove in top of stock.

5. Screw couplings onto pipe.
Screw plug into one coupling.

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol, 2

298

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

6. Securely attach pipe to stock
using string or tape.

Plug

7. Follow procedures of Section III, No. 1, steps 10 and 11,

8. (Optional) Bend bolt for trigger. Drill hole in stock and place
bolt in hole so strap will be anchored by bolt when pulled back, If-
bolt is not available, use strap as trigger by pulling back and releasing.

Metal Strap

muim/i

9. Follow -SAFETY CHECK. Section HI, No. 1

Bolt

HOW TO USE:

1. To load;

a. .Remove plug from rear coupling.

b. Wrap string or elastic band
around extractor groove so
case will seat into barrel
securely.

Extractor Groove

Place cartridge in pipe.

d. Replace plug,

2. To Fire:

a. Pull metal strap back and
anchor in trigger.

b. Pull trigger when read)- to fire

NOTE: If bolt is not used, pull

strap back and release.

3. To remove cartridge case:

a. Remove plug from rear
coupling.

b. Insert rod into front of
pistol and push cartridge
case out.

^vm

Section m

No. 7
MATCH GUN
An improvised weapon using safety match heads as the propel la nt

and a metal object as the projectile. Lethal range is about 40 yards

(36 meters) .

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Metal pipe 24 in. (61 cm) long and 3/8 in. (1 cm) in diameter (nominal

size) or its equivalent, threaded on one end.

End cap to fit pipe

Safety matches - 3 books of 20 matches each.

Wood - 28 in. x 4 in. x 1 in. (70 cm x 10 cm x 2. S cm)
Toy caps OR safety fuse OR "Strike -anywhere matches" (2)
Electrical tape or string

Metal strap, about 4 in. x 1/4 in. x 3/16 in. (10 cm x 6 mm x 4.5 mm)
2 rags, about 1 in x 12 in. and 1 in. x 3 in. (2-1/2 cm x 30 cm and

2-1/2 cm x 8 cm)
Wood screws
Elastic bands

Metal object (steel rod, bolt with head cut off, etc.), approximately
7/16 in. (11 mm) in diameter, and 7/16 in. (11 mm) long if iron
or steel, 1-1/4 in. (31 mm) long if aluminum, 5/16 in. (8mm) long
if lead.

Metal disk I in. (2-1/2 cm) in diameter and 1/16 in. (1-1/2 mm) thick
Bolt, 3/32 in. (2-1/2 mm) or smaller In diameter and nut to fit
Saw or knife
PROCEDURE .

1. Carefully inspect pipe and fittings. Be sure that there are no
cracks or other flaws.

2. Drill small hole In center
of end cap. If safety fuse is used,
be sure it will pass through this
hole.

3. Cut stock from wood using
saw or knife.

Metric

5 cm
10 cm
36 cm
71cm

English

2 in.

4 in.
14 in.
28 in.

*/«

<• Cut 3/8 in. (9-l/ 2 mm) deep ,. v „ groovc in tQp Qf stQck

3/8'

5. Screw end cap onto pipe until finger tight.

6. Attach pipe to stock with string or tape.

7. Bend metal strap into "L"

shape and drill holes for wood

screw. Notch metal strap on

long side 1/2 in. (1 cm) from 1/8 "

bend. w

8. Position metal strap on stock so that the top will hit the center of
hole drilled in end cap.

9. Attach metal disk to strap with
nut and bolt. This will deflect blast
from hole in end cap when gun is
fired. Be sure that head of bolt is
centered on hole in end cap.

Bolt

Disc

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299

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

10. Attach strap to stock with wood screws.

11, Place screw on each side of stock about 4 In. (10 cm) in front of
metal strap. Pass elastic bands through notch in metal strap and attach

to screw on each side of stock.

HOW TO USE :

A. When Toy Caps Arc Available

1. Cut off match heads from 3
books of matches with knife.
Pour match heads into pipe.

2. Fold one end of 1 in. x 12 in. rag 3
times so that It becomes i one inch
square of 3 thicknesses. Place rag
into pipe to cover match heads, folded
end first. Tamp firmly WITH CAUTION

Match Heads

End Cap

Folded Rag

Metal Pipe

3. Place metal object into pipe. Place 1 in. x 3 in. rag into pipe to
cover projectile. Tamp firmly WITH CAUTION.

Tape

4. Place 2 toy caps over small
hole in end cap. Be sure metal
•trap will hit caps when it is
released.

NOTE: It may be necessary
to tape toy caps to end cap.

Toy Caps

End Cap

5. When ready to fire, pull metal strap back and release.

B. When •^Strike-Anvwhe^e'^ Matches Are Available :

1. Follow steps 1 through 3 in A. af*^ T ' P

Head

Wooden

2. Carefully cut off tips of heads of 2
■strike-anywhere" matches with knife.

Match Stick

4. Place second match tip
on a piece of tape. Place
tape so match tip is directly
over hole in end cap.

End Cap
5. When ready to fire, pull metal strap back and release.

C. When Safety Fuse Is Available: (Recommended for Booby Traps!

1. Remove end cap from pipe.
Knot one end of safety fuse.
Thread safety fuse through
hole in end cap so that knot
Is on inside of end cap.

Matches

2. Follow steps 1 through 3
in A.

3. Tie several matches to
safety fuse near outside of
end cap.

NOTE: Bare end of safety
fuse should be inside match
head cluster.

Safety Fuse

Match
Cover

3. Place one tip in hole in end cap. Push in with wooden end of
match stick.

4. Wrap match covers around
matches and tie. Striker
should be in contact with
match bands.

5. Replace end cap on pipe.

6. When ready to fire, pull match cover off with strong, firm, quick
motion.

SAFETY CHECK - TEST FIRE GUN BEFORE HAND FIRING

1. Locate a barrier such as a stone wall or large tree which you

can stand behind in case the weapon explodes when fired.

2. Mount gun solidly to a table or other rigid support at least ten
feet in front of the barrier.

3. Attach a long cord to the firing strap on the gun.

4. Holding the other end of the cord, go behind the barrier.

5. Pull the cord so that the firing strap is held back.

6. Release the cord to fire the gun. (If gun does not fire, shorten
the elastic bands or increase their number.)

IMPORTANT: Fire at least five rounds from behind the barrier and
then re-Inspect the gun before you attempt to shoulder fire it.

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Section 111
61 No. 8

RIFLE CARTRIDGE

NOTE: See Section III, No. 5 for reusable primer.

A method of making a previously fired rifle cartridge reusable
MATERIAL REQUIRED -

Empty rifle cartridge, be sure that it still fits inside gun.

Threaded bolt that fits into neck of cartridge at least 1-1/4 in, (3 C nu
long.

Safety or "strike-anywhere" matches (about 58 matches are needed NOTE: " * M ^ t does not flt • nu efl v » force paper or match sticks between
for 7.62 mm cartridge) bolt and case, or wrap tape around bolt before inserting in case.

Section fV

Rag wad (about 3/4 in. (1-1/2 cm) square for 7.62 mm cartridge*
Knife ^

Saw

NOTE: Number of matches and size of rag wad depend on particular
cartridge used.

PROCEDURE:

1. Remove coating on heads of
matches by scraping match sticks
with sharp edge.

CAUTION: If wooden "strike-any-
where" matches are used, cut off
tips first . Discard tips or use for
Reusable Primer, Section HI, No. 5.

63 no. i

RECOILLESS LAUNCHER

A Ami direction*! scrap fragment launcher which can be placed to
cover the path of advancing, troops.

2. Fill previously primed car-
tridge case with match head
coatings up to Us neck. Pack
evenly and tightly with match
stick.

Wooden

Match Stick.

Neck of

Cartridge

Match Heads

jCAUTION: Remove head of match stick before packing. In all packing
[operations, stand off to the side and pack gently. Do not hammer.

3. Place rag wad in neck
of case. Pack with match
•tick from which head was
removed.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:

Iron water pipe approximately 4 ft. (1 meter) long and 2 to 4 in. (5 to

10 cm) in diameter

Black powder (commercial) or salvaged artillery propellant about 1/2
lb. (200 gms)

Safety or Improvised fuse (Section VI, No. 7) or improvised electrical
igniter (Section VI, No. 2)

Stones and/or metal scrap chunks approximately 1/2 in. (1 cm) in diam-
eter - about 1 lb. (400 gms) total

4 rags for wadding, each about 20 in. by 20 in. (50 cm by 50 cm)
Wire * '

Paper or rag

NOTE: Be sure that the water pipe has ao oracks or flaws,

PROCEDURE:

Packaged

Propellant

1. Place propellant and igniter
in paper or rag and tie with string
so contents cannot fall out.

4. Saw off head end of bolt so
remainder is approximately the
length of the standard bullet.

.Length of
Standard Bullet

5. Place bolt in cartridge case so that it sticks out about the same
length as the original bullet.

Firing

Leads

2. Insert packaged propellant and igniter in eenter of pipe. Pull firing
leads out one end of pipe.

3. Stuff a rag wad into each end of pipe and lightly tamp using; a flat
end stick.

4. Insert stones and/or scrap metal into each end of pipe. Be sure
the same weight of material is used in each side.

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol

301

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Rag Wadding

Stones and
Scrap Metal

Stones and Packaged

Scrap Metal Propellant

5. Insert a rag wad into each end of the pipe and pack tightly as before.
HOW TO USE :

1. Place scrap mine In a tree or pointed In the path of the enemy.

Attach igniter lead to the firing circuit. The recolUess launcher la
now ready to fire.

2. If safety or improvised fuse is used instead of the detonator, place
the fuse into the packaged propellant through a hole drilled in the center
of the pipe. Light free end of fuse when ready to fire. Allow for normal
delay time.

CAUTION:

Scrap will be ejected from both ends of the launcher.

Section IV

No. 2
SHOTGUN GRENADE LAUNCHER

This device can be used to launch a hand grenade to a distance of
160 yards (150 meters) or more, using a standard 12 gauge shotgun.

Wooden
Block

4. Place the base of the grenade
Ln the depression in the wooden
block. Securely fasten grenade to
block by wrapping tape (or wire)
around entire grenade and block.

NOTE: Be sure that the tape (or
wire) does not cover hole in block
or Interfere with the operation of
the grenade safety lever.

3. Drill hole through the center of the aecond wooden block, so that it
will Just slide over the outside of the gun barrel.

«. Drill a hole in the center of the bottom of the tin can the same size
ma the hole in the block.

Tape

7. Attach can to block aa shown.

Nail

m -*

/— Tv

m 1\ Hole in «J

yY^V\ Wooden

^^■1

Block "-^J

r v^Jll Block

^BH B^P

V 5S3|L_ .Hole in

^B^H

U/S§3! "can

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Grenade (Improvised pipe hand grenade. Section II, No. 1. may be used)

12 gauge shotgun

12 gauge shotgun cartridges

Two washers, (brass, steel, iron, etc.), having outside diameter of
3/8 in. (l-i/2 cm)

Rubber disk 3/4 in. (2 cm) in diameter and 1/4 in. (6 mm) thick (leather.
ncoprenc, etc. can be used)

A 30 in. (75 cm) long piece of hard wood (maple, oak. etc. approxi-
mately 5/8 in. (1-1/2 cm) in diameter. Be sure that wood will slide
into barrel easily.

Tin can (grenade and its safety lever must fit into can)

Two wooden blocks about 2 in. (5. cm) square and 1-1/2 in. (4 cm) thick

One wood screw about 1 in. (2-1/2 cm) long

Two nails about 2 in. (5 cm) long

12 gauge wads, tissue paper, or cotton

Adhesive tape, string, or wire

Drill

PROCEDURE :

1 . Punch hole in center of rubber disk large enough for screw to pass

through.

Washer Wooden Stick

Waaher

2. Make push-rod as shown.

Screw

Rubber
Disk

NOTE: Gun barrel is slightly less than 3/4 inch in diameter. If rubber
disk does not fit in barrel, file or trim it very slightly. It should fit
tightly .

3. Drill a hole through the center
of one wooden block of such size
that the push-rod will fit tightly
Whittle a depression around the
hole on one side approximately
1/8 in (3 mm) and large enough
for the grenade to rest in.

'Nail

8. Slide the can and block onto the barrel until muzzle passes can
open end. Wrap a small piece of tape around the barrel an inch or
two from the end. Tightly wrapped string may be used instead of tape.
Force the can and wooden block forward against the tape so that they
*re securely held in place. Wrap tape around the barrel behind the can

Wooden

Block

t 4

Tape

Cun
Barrel

CAUTION: Be sure that the can is securely fastened to the gun barrel.
If the can should become loose and slip down the barrel after the launcher
is assembled, the grenade will explode after the regular delay time.

V9. Remove crimp from a 12 gauge
shotgun cartridge with pen knife.
Open cartridge. Pour shot from
shell. Remove wads and plastic
liner if present.

10. Empty the propellant onto a
piece of paper. Using a knife,
divide the propellant in half.

Replace half of the propellant into
the cartridge case.

IL. Replace the 12 gauge cardboard
wads into cartridge case.

3 Cardboard
Wads

1/2 Original
Propellant

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol, 2

302

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

NOTE; If wads are not available .
Bluff tissue paper or cotton into the
cartridge case. Pack tightly.

Tissue Paper
or Cotton

HOW TO USE:

Method I - When ordinary grenade is used:

1. Load cartridge in gun.

2. Push end of push -rod without the rubber disk into hole in wooden
block fastened to grenade

3. Slowly push rod into barrel until it rests againat the cartridge case
and grenade is in can. If the grenade is not in the can, remove rod and
cut to proper size. Push rod back into barrel.

Grenade

4. With can holding safety lever of grenade In place, carefully remove

aalety pin.

CAUTION: Be aure that the aides of the can restrain the grenade safety
lever. If the safety lever should be released for any reason r grenade
will explode sfter regular grenade delsy time.

5. To fire grenade launcher, rest gun in ground at angle- determined by
range desired. A 45 degree angle should give about 150 meters <1G0 yds . )

■

Method U - when improvised pipe grenade is used:

An improvised pipe grenade (Section U, No. 1) may be launched in a
similar manner. No tin can is needed.

Wooden Block

'Pipe Grenade

1. Fasten the grenade to the block as shown above with the fuse hole
st the end opposite the block.

2. Push end of push-rod into hole in wooden block fastened to grenade

3. Push rod into barrel until it rests againat cartridge case.

4. Load cartridge in gun.

5. Follow step 5 of Method I .

6. Using a fuse with at least a 10 second delay. light the fuse before
firing.

7 Fire when the fuse burns to 1/2 its original length.

Sectioa IV

GRENADE LAUNCH ER~( 37 MM CARDBOARD CONTAINER)

An improvised method of launching a standard grenade 130 yds.
(133 meters* or an improvised grenade 90 yds. i81 meters) using a
discarded cardboard ammunition container.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Heavy cardboard container with inside diameter of 2-1 '2 to 3 in.

(3-1/2 to ft cm) and at lcasrtS in. 130 cm) long (ammunition

container is suitable)
Black powder • H grams (124 grains) or leas
Safety or improvised fuse (Section VI, x«. ?|

Grenade (Improvised hand grenade. Section II, Xo. I may be used)
Rag, approximately 30 in. x 24 in. (73 cm .\ 60 emi
Paper

PROCEDURE : METHOD I - If Standard Grenade is Used.

Top of
Container

I. Discard lop of container.

Make small hole in bottom.

Hole

2. Place black powder in paper
Tic end with string so contents
cannot fall out. Place package In
container.

•3. Insert rag wadding into con-
tainer. Pack tightly with CAUTION

4. Measure off a length of fuse
that will give the desired delay.
Thread this through hole in bot-
tom of container so that it pene-
trates into the black powder package.

Fuse

Black Powder
Package

Rag Wadding

NOTE: If improvised fuse is used, be sure fuse fits loosely through
hole in bottom of container.

Fuse

Rag Wadding

3. Hold grenade safety lever and-
carefully withdraw safety pin from
grenade. Insert grenade into con-
tainer, lever end first.

Black Powder
Package

Grenade

CAUTION: If grenade safety lever should be released for any
grenade will explode after normal delav time.

6. Bury container about « In. (13 cm) in the ground at 30' angle, bring-
ing fuse up alongside container. Pack ground Jigblly around container.

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

CAUTION: The tightly packed dirt helps to hold the tube together dur-
ing the firing. Do not fire unleae at least the bottom half of the container
la buried in solidly packed dirt.

METHOD I! - If improvised Pipe Hand Grenade is Used.
I. Follow step I of above procedure.

2. ilea §u re off a piece of fuse at least at long as the cardboard eoa-
taincr. Tape one end of this to the fuse from the Masting cap in the
improvised grenade. Be aure ends of fuse arc in contact with each other.

Tin can, about 4 ia. (10 cm) In diameter and 5-1/2 la. (14 cm) high
Wood, about 3 ia. x 3 in. x 2 la. 47-1/2 cm x 7-1/2 era x 5 cm)
Nail, at least 3 ia. (7-1/2 era) long

Nuts and bolts or nails, at least 2-1/2 in. (6-1/2 cm) Long
Rag
Paper
Drill
If standard Shotgun la Used:

Hard wood stick, sbout the same length aa shotgun barrel and about

5/8 in. ( 1-1/2 cm) in diameter. Stick need not be round.
2 washers (brass, steel, iron, etc.) having outside diameter of 5/8

in. (1*1/2 cm)
One wood screw about 1 in. (2-1/2 cm) long
Rubber disk, 3/4 in. (2 cm) In diameter and 1/4 in. (8 mm) thick,

leather, cardboard, etc. can be used.
13 gauge shotgun ammunition

If Improvised Shotgun ia Used:
Fuse, safety or improvised fast burning (Section VI, No. 7)
Hard wood stick, about the aame length aa shotgun barrel and 3/4

In. (2 cm) in diameter
Black powder - 9 grams (135 grains). See Section VII. No. 8.

PROCEDURE :

Fuse Connected
to Blasting Cap
In Grenade

Fuse

Tape
3. Place free end of fuse and black powder on piece of paper. Tie

with string so contents will not fall out.

Black Powder

Tape

4. Place package in tube. Insert rag wadding. Pack so It fits snugly.
Place pipe hand grenade into tube. Be sure it fits snugly.

Cardboard
Container

Black Powder
Package

5. Insert fuse through hole ia end
of cardboard container. Be sure it
goes into black powder package.

NOTE: Cardboard container may
be used for only one firing.

fi. Follow atep 8 of Method I.

Rag Wadding

Fuse

Black Powder
Package

Pipe Hand

HOW TO USE :

Light fuse when ready to fir*.

—» Section IV

73 No. 4

FIRE BOTTLE LAUNCHER

A device using 2 item* (shotgun and chemical fire bottle) that caa
be used to atari or place a fire 80 yarde (72 raetera) from launcher.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Standard 12 gauge or improvised shotgun (Section III, No. 2)

Improvised fire bottle (Section V, No. 1)

METHOD I - If Improvised Shotgun is Used:

1. Drill hole In center of wood block
approximately 1 la. (2-1/2 em) deep.
Hole should have approximately the

same diameter as the wooden stick.

2 Small
Holes

2. Drill 2 small holes on opposite
aides of ths wooden block. Hole
should be large enough for bolts to
pass through.

3. Fasten caa to block with
nuts and bolts.

NOTE: Caa may also be
securely buttoned to block
hy hammering several nails
through can and Mock. Do
not drill holes, and be care-
ful not to split wood.

4. Place wooden stick into
hole In wooden block. Drill
small hole (same diameter
aa that of 3 in. nail) through
wooden block and through
wooden atick. Insert nail in
hole.

Wooden Stick

can

5. Crumple paper and place in bottom of can. Place another piece of
paper around fire bottle and insert in can. L'se enough paper so that
bottle will fit snugly.

Crumpled
Paper

Paper

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

«. Place safety fuse and black

PO*der on paper, Tie each end
with siring.

li ,h T . hr " d c*** thr0Ugh h ° Ie in Plu »* Wtw P**r package in
of shotgun. Screw plug finger dght lnt0 COuphng> ** ****

NOTE: Hole in plug may have to be enlarged for fuse.

Black Powder
Pipe^Piug Package

Safety Fuse

rear

i. Insert rag into front of shotgun. P»ck rag against powder package
with stick. USE CAUTION ^^ P»caage

METHOD n - If Standard Shotgun is Usad -

1. Follow Steps 1 and 2, Shotgun Grenade Lsuncher. Section IV. No. 2.

2. Follow procedure of Method 1. Steps 1 - s,

3. Follow Step, 9 10 u. Shotgun Grenade Launcher, Section IV. .
No. 2, using 1/3 of total propellant Instead of 1/2.

4. Load cartridge in gun.

HOW TO USE :

1. Insert stick and holder containing chemical fire bottle.
I CAUTlONTDono^iinnuzJlsTownwardrj

Safety Fuse »"•««•

2. Hold gun against ground at 45* angle and light fuse.

Safety
Fuse

NOTE; Steps 1 and 2, "HOW TO USE, '
*f* same for both standard and improvised

shotguns .

CAUTION: Severe bums may result if bottle shatters when iired. if
possible, obtain a bottle Identical to that being used as the fire bottle
Fill about 2/3 full of water and fire aa above. If bottle shatters when
fired inatead of being launched Intact, use ■ different type of bottle.

Section IV
77 No. 5
GRENADE LAUNCHERS

A variety of grenade launchers can be fabricated from metal pipes
and fittings. Ranges up to 600 meters {660 yards) can be obtained de-
pending on length of tube, charge, number of grenades, and angle of
firing.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Metal pipe, threaded on one end and approximately 2-1/2 in. (6-1/4 cm)
in diameter and 14 in. to 4 ft. <35 cm to 119 cm) long depending on
range desired and number of grenades used.

End cap to fit pipe

Black powder, 13 to 50 gm, approximately 1-1/4 to 4-1/4 tablespoons
(Section I, No. 3)

Safety fuse, fast burning improvised fuse (Section VI, No. 7) or

improvised electric bulb initiator (Section VI, No. l Automobile
light bulb is needed)

Grenade(s) - 1 to 6

Rsg(s) - about 30 in. x 30 in. (75 cm x 75 cm) and 20 in. x 20 in.

(55 cm x 55 cm)
Drill
String

NOTE; Examine pipe carefully to be sure there are no cracks or other

flaws.

PROCEDURE :

METHOD I- If Tub* is Used:

1. Drill small hole through center
of end cap.

End Cap

2. Make small knot near one end
of fuse. Place black powder and
knotted end of fuse in paper and tie
with string.

Hole

Fuse

String

Black Powder

3. Thread fuse through hole in end
cap and place package in end cap.
Screw end cap onto pipe, being care
ful that black powder package is not
caught between the threads.

4. Roll rag wad so that it is about
6 in, (IS cm) long and has approxi-
mately the same diameter as the
pipe. Push rolled rag into open-
end of pipe until it rests against
black powder package.

5. Hold grenade safety lever In
place and carefully withdraw safety
pin.

Fuse

Black Powder
Package

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IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

[

CAUTION: If grenade safety lever is released for any reason, grenade
will explode after regular time. (4-5 aec.) _^_^____^_

6. Holding safety lever in place, carefully push grenade into pipe, lever
end first, until it rests against rag wad.

7, The following table lists various types of grenade launchers and their
performance characteristics.

NO. OF

BLACK

DESIRED

GRENADES

POWDER

PIPE

RANGE

LAUNCHED

CHARGE

LENGTH

2SGm

ISgra

14"

500 m

50 gm

48"

600 m <*>

SO gm

48"

200 m

6 (b)

25 gm

48"

FIRING

ANGLE

30*

lo-
se
3<r

(a) For this range, an additional delay is required. See Section VI,
No. IX and 12.

(b)

For multiple grenade launcher, load as shown.

NOTE: Since performance of different black powder varies, fire several
test rounds to determine the exact amount of powder necessary to achieve
the desired range.

Stuffed Rag Black Powder

(20 x 20) Package

Grenade
HOW TO USE:

Grenade

Rolled Rag
(30 X 30)

1, Bury at least 1/2 of the launcher pipe in the ground at desired

ingle.. Open end should face the expected path of the enemy. Muzzle

may be covered with cardboard and a thin layer of dirt and/or leaves

aa camouflage. Be sure cardboard prevents dirt from entering pipe.

Grenade

A £ ^ Launcher

Fuse

Cardboard and
Leaves

NOTE: The 14 in. launcher may be hand held against the ground instead
of being buried.

2. Light fuse when ready to fire.

METHOD II - If Electrical Igniter is Used:

NOTE: Be aure that bulb is in good operating condition.

1. Prepare electric bulb initiator as described in Section VI, No. 1.

2. Place electric initiator and black powder charge in paper. Tie ends
of paper with string.

Connecting
Wires

3. Follow above Procedure, Steps 3 to end.

HOW TO USE :

1. Follow above How to Use, Step 1.

2. Connect leads to firing circuit. Close circuit when ready to fire.

Section IV

81 No. 6
60 MM MORTAR PROJECTILE LAUNCHER

A device to launch 60 mm mortar rounds using a metal pipe 2-1/2 in.
(6 en) in diameter and 4 ft. (120 cm) long as the launching tube.

Mortar, projectile <60 mm) and charge increments

Metal pipe 2-1/2 in. (6 cm) in diameter and 4 ft. <120 cm) long, threaded

on one end
Threaded end cap to fit pipe

Bolt, 1/8 in. (3 mm) in diameter and at least 1 in. (2-1/2 cm) long
Two <2) nuts to fit bolt
File
Drill

PROCEDURE; _ End

1. Drill hole 1/8 in. (3 mm) in

diameter through center of end IlrIp ^. \

cap.

2. Round off end of bolt with file

Nut

3, Place bolt through hole in end
cap. Secure in place with nuts as
illustrated.

Fuse

4. Screw end cap onto pipe
tightly . Tube la now ready
for

■flt

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306

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

HOW TO USE :

1. Bury launching tuba la
ground at desired angle ao
that bottom of tube is at
leaat 2 ft. (60 cm) under-
ground. Adjust the num-
ber of increments in rear

finned end of mortar projec- ,•

tile. See following table
for launching angle and
number of increments used.

Launching

Tube

Section V
81i No. I
CHEMICAL FIRE BOTTLE

This incendiary bottle is self -igniting on target impact.

Finned End

2. When ready to fire,
withdraw safety wire
from mortar projectile.
Drop projectile Into
launching tube, FINNED
END FIRST.

Safety Wire

MATERIALS REQUIRED How Used

Sulphuric Acid Storage Batteries
Gasoline Motor Fuel

Charge
Increments

Mortar Projectile

CAUTION: Be sure bore
riding pin is In place In
fuse when mortar pro-
jectile Is dropped Into
tube. A live mortar
round could explode in

the tube if the fit Is
loose enough to permit
the bore riding pin to
come out partway.

Common Source

Motor Vehicles
Gas Station or
Motor Vehicles
Drug Store
Food Store

Potassium Chlorate Medicine

Sugar Sweetening Foods

Glass bottle with stopper (roughly 1 quart size).
Small Bottle or jar with lid.
Rag or absorbent paper (paper towels, newspaper).
String or rubber bands.
PROCEDURE

l - Sulphuric Acid Must be Concentrated . If battery acid or
other dilute acid is used, concentrate it by boiling until dense
white fumes are given off. Container used should be of enamel-
ware or oven glass.

CAUTION

IcAUTJON:

The round will fire

as soon is the projectile Is avowed!

1 into tube .

Keep all parts of body behind the open end of the tube. 1

DESIRED

MAXIMUM

REQUIRED

CHARGE -

RANGE

HEIGHT

ANGLE OF

NUMBER OF

(YARDS)

MORTAR

ELEVATION

INCREMENTS

WILL

OF TUBE

REACH

(MEASURED

(YARDS)

FROM HORI-
ZONTAL

DEGREES)

150

300

700

150

1000

225

1500

300

12S

300

125

550

250

1000

375

1440

600

100

150

200

300

350

400

600

550

750

Sulphuric acid will burn skin and destroy clothing.
If any is spilled, wash it away with a large quantity of
water. Fumes are also dangerous and should not be

inhaled.

2. Remove the acid from heat and allow to cool to room
temperature.

proxLJtTy'zXtt lnt ° thB U '« e " ***> b0 " le mtU «* ta ">-

5 * ^»»n the outside of the bottle thorough ly with clear water.
CAUTION

t« h^H h , iS J* ^ d0ne ' tHe flrC b ° ttle m *V b * dangerous
to handle during use.

Gasoline & Cap

6. Wrap a clean cloth or several A . Su * phuric Acid

sheets of absorbent paper around Ab8orb *«t Paper^
the outside of the bottle. Tie with String

string or fasten with rubber bands.

MnA° l "i 01 ** UZ CUP (10 ° gm) of P° U88iuf " chlorate and 1/2
cup (100 gm) of sugar in one cup (250 cc) of boiling water

cat, t! fl ht^ IO TK he 80 ! U i i0n T t0 c ° o1 ' P°" *»"> the small bottle and

111 i /\ I J « 2 ■° 2Uti0n 8h ° U,d °« *" rox * Z '> "V'als

£*.» li? CrC U m ° rC Uquid th4n thU * P° ur off excess

tjciorc using.

CAUTION

Store this bottle separately from th

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

307

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

HOW TO USE

1. Shake the •mall bottle to mix
contents and pour onto the cloth
or paper around the large bottle.

Bottle can be used wet or after solution has dried. How-
ever, when dry, the sugar - Potassium chlorate mixture
is very sensitive to spark or flame and should be handled
accordingly.

2. Throw or launch the bottle.
When the bottle breaks against
a hard surface (target) the fuel will ignite.

Section V

66 No. 2

IGNITER FROM BOOK MATCHES
This

is a hot igniter made from paper book matches for

use with molotoy cocktail and other incendiaries.

Use With Molotov Cocktail

Tape the "match end tab'
of the igniter to the neck of the
( molotov cocktail.

0JiX*AJCf<

Grasp the "cover end tab"
and pull sharply or quickly to
ignite.

General Use

The book match igniter can be used by itself to ignite
flammable liquids, fuse cords and similar items requiring
hot ignition.

Material Required

Paper book matches.
Adhesive or friction tape

Procedure

I, Remove the staple(s) from
match book and separate
matches from cover.

2. Fold and tape one row of

matches.

CAUTION

Store matches and completed igniters in mois-
tureproof containers such as rubber or plastic bags
until ready for use. Damp or wet paper book matches

will not ignite.

3. Shape the cover into a tube
with striking surface on the
inside and tape. Make sure
the folded cover will fit
tightly around the taped
match heads. Leave cover
open at opposite end for in-
sertion of the matches.

4. Push the taped matches in-
to the tube until the bottom
ends are exposed about 3/4
in. (2 cm).

5. Flatten and fold the open
end of the tube so that it
laps over about 1 in. (2-1/2

cm); tape in place.

Section V

88 No. 3
MECHANICALLY INITIATE^ FIRE BOTTLE

The mechanically initiated Fire Bottle is an incendiary device
Which ignites when thrown against s hard surface.

MATERIALS REQUIRED

Glass jar or short neck bottle with
s leakproof lid or stopper.

"Tin" can or similar container just
large enough to fit over the lid
of the jar.

Coil spring (compression) approxi-
mately 1/2 the diameter of the
can and 1 1/2 times as long.

Gasoline

Four (4) "blue tip" matches

Flat stick or piece of metal
(roughly 1/2" x 1/io" x 4")

Wire or heavy twine

Adhesive tape

PROCEDURE

1. Draw or scratch two lines
around the can - one 5/4" (19
mm) and the other 1 1/4" (30
mm) from the open end.

2. Cut 2 slots on opposite sides
of the tin can at the line farthest
from the open end. Make slots
large enough for the flat stick or
piece of metal to pass through.

■'•

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

308

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Slot

3. Punch 2 small holes just
below the rim of the open end of
the can.

Holes

9. Fill the jar with gasoline and cap tightly

10. Turn can over and place over
the jar so that the safety stick
rests on the lid of the jar.

4. Tape blue tip matches together
in pairs. The distance between
the match heads should equal the
inside diameter of the can. Two
pairs are sufficient.

Spring -*

5. Attach paired matches to
second and third coils of the
spring, using thin wire.

Matches

6. Insert the end of the
spring opposite the matches
into the tin can.

7. Compress the spring until

the end with the matches passes

the slot in the can. Pass the

flat stick or piece of metal Matches

through slots in can to hold

spring in place. This acts as

a safety device.

11. Pass wire or twine around
the bottom of the jar. Thread
ends through holes in can and
bind tightly to jar.

12. Tape wire or cord to jar
near the bottom.

HOW TO USE

Safety

8. Punch many closely spaced
small holes between the lines
marked on the can to form a
striking surface for the
matches. Be careful not to
seriously deform can.

1. Carefully withdraw flat
safety stick.

2. Throw jar at hard surfac

CAUTION:

SSJJfJ R = MOVE SAFETY STICK UNTIL READY TO
THROW FIRE BOTTLE.

•?■/■*? V iCk ' Wh€n in pUce ' P^vent. ignition of
the fire bottle if it should accidentally be broken.

qO Section V

7t No. 4

CELLED FLAME FUELS

lisJ 3 fnr*«.° r P ** te ^ fucU * re often preferable to raw **,o
greater heat concentration. «««*«»

Several methods are shown for gelline Baseline ».in-

4.1 Lye Sy* terns

4.2 Lye-Alcohol Systems

4.3 Soap-Alcohol Systems

4.4 Egg White Systems

4.5 Latex Systems

4.6 Wax Systems

4.7 Animal Blood Systems

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

309

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Q ^ Section V
y> No. 4.1
GELLED FLAME FUELS

LYE SYSTEMS
Lye {also known ai caustic soda

or Sodium Hydroxide) can be used in combination with
powdered rosin or castor oil to gel gaso line for use
as a flame fuel which will adhere to target surfaces.

NOTE : This fuel is not suitable for use in the chemical
(Sulphuric AcioTtype of fire bottle {Section V, No.l).
The acid will react with the lye and break down the gel.

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

Ethyl Alcohol Whiskey

Medicine

Liquor store
' Drug store

NOTE: Methyl (wood) alcohol or isopropyl (rubbing) alcohol can
be substituted for ethyl alcohol, but their use produces softer
gels.

14 Tallow Food Fat rendered by

Making of soap cooking the meat or

suet of animals.

NOTE: The following can be substituted for the tallow:

(a) Wool grease (Lanolin) (very good) « Fat extracted from

sheep wool.

(b) Castor oil (good) .

(e) Butter or oleomargarine

Parts by

Volume

Ingredient
Gasoline

How Used

Motor fuel

Common j>qurce

Gas station or

motor vehicle

2 (flake) or Lye
1 (powder)

Rosin

Drain cleaner. Food store
making, of Drug store

soap

Manufacturing Naval stores
Paint U Varnish Industry

Castor Oil Medicine
PROCEDURE:

Food and Drug
Stores

f CAUTION: Make sure that there are no open flames
when mixing the flame fuel. NO SMOKING! in the
area .__^_

1. Pour gasoline into jar, bottle or other container.

(DO NOT USE AN ALUMINUM CONTAINER.)

2. If rosin is in cake form, crush into small pieces.

3. Add rosin or castor oil to the gasoline
and stir for about five (5) minutes to mix thoroughly.

It is necessary when using substitutes (c) to (e) to double the
given amount of fat and of lye for satisfactory bodying.

PROCEDURE:

CAUTION: Make sure that there are no open flames in the area
when mixing flame fuels. NO SMOKING!

■SSSaBBBBSBBBBSBSSSSSSSSBBBBBBBBBBBBSBBBBBBSMMMg Willi I II

1. Pour gasoline into bottle, jar or other container. (DO NOT

USE AN ALUMINUM CONTAINER).

2. Add Tallow (or substitute) to the gasoline and stir for about
1/2 minute to dissolve fat. .£

3. Add alcohol to the gasoline mixture.

4. In a separate container (NOT ALUMINUM) slowly add lye to
an equal amount of water. Mixture should be stirred constantly
while adding lye.

I CAUTION: Lye solution can burn skin and destroy clothing.
If any is spilled, wash away immediately with large quantities
of water.

5. Add lye solution to the gasoline mixture and stir occasionally
until thickened (about 1/2 hour).

NOTE: The mixture will eventually (1 to 2 days) thicken to a

very arm paste. This can be thinned, if desired, by stirring in

additional gasoline. Section V

4. In a second container (NOT ALUMINUM) add lye to an equal 95 jf Q " *

volume of water slowly with stirring. GELLED FLAME FUELS

I ^AUTION: Lye s
I any is spilled, w;

olution can burn akin and destroy clothing. If
wash away immediately with large quantities of water.

SOAP-ALCOHOL SYSTEM

5. Add lye solution to the gasoline

mix and stir until mixture thickens (about one minute).
NOTE: The sample

will eventually thicken to a very firm paste. This can

be thinned, if desired, by stirring in additional gasoline.

Qi Section V
"** No. 4.2

CELLED FLAME FUELS

LYE -ALCOHOL SYSTEMS

Common household soap can be used in combination with
alcohol to gel gasoline for use as a flame fuel which will adhere
to target surfaces.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:

Parts by

Volume

Lye (also known as caustic soda or Sodium Hydroxide) can be
used in combination with alcohol and any of several fats to gel \
gasoline for use as a flame fuel.

Ingredient
Gasoline

Ethyl Alcohol

How Used

Motor fuel

Common Sourc e

Gas station,
Motor vehicles

Liquor store
Drug store

NOTE: This fuel is not suitable for use in the chemical (Sulphuric
Acid) type of fire bottle (Section V, No, 1). The acid will react
with the lye and break down the gel.

MATF.RIALS REQUIRED:

Whiskey
Medicine
NOTE: Methyl (wood) or isopropyl (rubbing)

alcohols can be substituted for the whiskey.

Washing

clothes

Stores

Part« by

Volume

Gasoline

How Used

Motor fuel

Common Source

Gas station or
motor vehicles

2 (Hake) or Lye
1 (powder)

Drain cleaner Food store
Making of soap Drug store

20 (pow- Laundry soap
dered) or
28 (Hake)

NOTE: Unless the word "soap" actually appears somewhere on
the container or wrapper, a washing compound is probably a
detergent. These Can Not Be Used.

PROCEDURE :

CAUTION: Make sure that there are no open flames in the area
when mixing flame fuels. NO SMOKING! '

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

310

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

1. If bar soap is used, carve into thin flakes using a knife, 2. Pour egg white into ajar, bottle, or other container and add

2. Pour alcohol and gasoline into ajar, bottle or other con- ,MoUn *"

tainer and mix thoroughly. » ...^ .„ . .. a „.

• ' *• Add the salt (or other additive) to the mixture and stir

3. Add soap powder or flake, to gasoline -alcohol mix and «£?****-** UfttU « el forma Ubout * to 10 minutes).

occaiinnallu until tVirks>Ma#l /^Unt it *-*;«...*««% ..

occasionally until thickened (about 15 minutes).

-^Section V

71 No. 4.4
CELLED FLAME FUELS

EGG SYSTEMS

The white of any bird egg can be used to gel gasoline for use
as a flame fuel which will adhere to target surfaces.

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

Parts by

Volume

■5

Ingredient
Gasoline

Egg Whites

How Used

Motor fuel
Stove fuel
Solvent

Food

Industrial pro
cesses

Common Source

Gas station
Motor vehicles

Food stors
Farms

Any One Of The Following:

Table Salt

Food

Industrial pro
cesses

Ground Coffee Food

Dried Tea
Leaves

Cocoa

Sugar

Saltpeter
(Niter)

(Potassium
Nitrate)

Epsom salts

Food

Sea water
Natural brine
Food store

Coffee plant
Food store

Tea plant
Food store

Cacao tree
Food store

Sweetening foods Sugar cane
Industrial pro- Food store
cesses

Pyrotechnics
Explosives
Matches
Medicine

'Medicine
Mineral water
Industrial pro-
cesses

Natural Deposits
Drug store

Natural deposits
Kieserite
Drug store
Food store

Washing soda
(Sal soda)

1 1/2 Baking Soda

shing cleaner Food store

1 1/2 Aspirin

PROCEDURE;

Medicine

Photography

Baking

Manufacture of:
Beverages,
Mineral waters
and Medicines

Medicine

Drug store

Photo supply store

Food store
Drug store

Drug store
Food store

[CAUTION: Make

■en mixing flame fuels. NO SMOKING!

• ure that there are no open tlames an the

NOTE: A thicker gelled flame fuel can be obtained by putting
the capped Jar in hot (65'C) water for about 1/2 hour and then
lotting them cool to room temperature. (DO NOT HEAT THE
GELLED FUEL CONTAINING COFFEE).

^ Section V
99 No. 4.5
GELt£D FLAME FUELS

LATEX SYSTEMS

Any milky white plant fluid ie a potential source of latex
which can be used to gel gasoline

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

Ingredient How Used

Gasoline

Latex.

commerical or
natural

Motor fuel
Solvent

Paints

Adhesives

One of the Following Acids:

Acetic Acid
(Vinegar)

Sulfuric Acid
(Oil of Vitriol)

Salad dressing
Developing film

Common Source

Gas station
Motor vehicle

Natural from tree or
plant

Rubber cement

Food stores
Fermented apple elder
Photographic aupply

Storage batteries Motor vehicles
Material processing Industrial plants

Hydrochloric Acid
(Muriatic Acid)

Petroleum w«lU Hardware store
Pickling snd metal Industrial plants
cleaning

Industrial processes
^ T eM„ 1 /H C f d, .K r T t * v * iUb, «- — "id ..It (alum. .„«„.,

PROCEDURE;

[when mixing flame fuels. NO SMOKING!
1. With Commercial Rubber Latex:

«f -.■.-.« ,C t '*W *>y volume of latex and 92 parti by volume
of ga.olin.ln bottle. Cap bottle and .hake to mix well*

wJSk rtftifi? ^ V ° ,U ~ Vi ~«* r (< " °*« r ~ ld » "* *—

CAUTION: Concentrated acids will burn skin and destroy <

clothing. If any is spilled, wash away immediately with larce
quantities of water. * '

2. With Natural Latex

100

In. ««*fnYo r£.? hi !!. f,om jtf k - ™« c *» be done by breaking
the egg into a dish and carefully removing the yolk with a sp oon.

Karl™ *£ WHITE " U e " y ° ,k ••«• int * »* •« «""J

a. Natural latex should form lumps as it comes from the
plant. If lumps do not form, add a small amount of acid to the

latex.

b. Strain off the latex lumps and allow to dry in air.

c. Place 20 parts by volume of latex in bottle and add B0
parts by volume of gasoline. Cover pottle and allow to stand
until a swollen gel mass is obtained (2 to 3 days).

XUi No. 4.6

GELLED FLAME FUELS

WAX SYSTEMS
tSf^ttET: J.*""?" !" »"* * Prt ■-«- for

» a. a flame fuel which wina^ere' S^TfcC

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

311

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Animal blood
Scrum

MATERIALS REQUIRED:

Any one of the following:

Parts by

Volume

Salt

Ingredient

Gasoline

How Used

Motor fuel
Solvent

Common Source

Cat station
Motor vehicle*

Any one of the following:

Ozocerite
Mineral wax
Fob ail wax
Cere sin wax

Leather polish Natural deposits

Beeswax

Sealing wax*
Candles
Crayons
Waxed paper

Textile sizing

Furniture and
floor waxes

Artificial fruit
and flowers

Lithog r aphin g

Wax paper

Textile finish

Candles

General stores
Department store

Dried Tea
Leaves

Sugar

Honeycomb of bee

General store
Department store

Lime

Bayberry wax Candles

Myrtle wax

Soaps
Leather polish

Medicine

PROCEDURE:

Natural form
Myrica berries
General store
Department store

Drug store

Baking soda

1. Obtaining wax from Natural Sources: Plants and berries, are
potential sources of natural waxes. Place the plants and/or
berries in boiling water. The natural waxes will melt.

Let the water cool. The natural waxes will form a
solid layer on the water surface. Skim off the solid wax

and let it dry. With natural waxes which have suspended
matter when melted, screen the wax through a cloth.

Epsom salts

PROCEDURE:

Food

Medicine

Slaughter House
Natural habitat

Food Sea Water -

Industrial pro- Natural brine
cesses Food store

Ground Coffee Food

Caffeine source
Beverage

Food
Beverage

Coffee plant
Food store

Tea plant
Food store

Sweetening foods Sugar cane
Industrial pro- Food store
cesses

Mortar

Plaster
Medicine
Ceramics
Steel making
Industrial pro-
cesses

Baking
Beverages
Medicine
Industrial pro-
cesses

Medicine
Mineral water

Industrial pro-
cesses

From calcium
carbonate
Hardware store
Drug store
Garden supply

Store

Food store
Drug store

Drug store
Natural de-
posits
Food store

103

2. Melt the wax and

pour into jar or bottle which has been placed
in a hot water bath.

3. Add gasoline to the bottle.

4. When wax has

completely dissolved in the gasoline, allow the
water bath to cool slowly to room temperature.

NOTE: If a gel does not form, add additional wax (up
to 40% by volume) and repeat the above steps. If no gel
forms with 40% wax, make a Lye solution by dissolving
a small amount of Lye (Sodium H>droxide) in an equal
amount of water. Add this solution (1/2% by volume) to
the gasoline wax mix and shake bottle until a gel forma.

Section V
102 No. 4. 7
GELLED FLAME FUELS

1. Preparation of animal blood serum:

a. Slit animal's throat by jugular vein. Hang- up-side down
to drain.

b. Place coagulated (lumpy) blood in a cloth or on a screen
and catch the red fluid (serum) which drains through.

c. Store in coot place if possible.

CAUTION: Do not get aged animal blood or the serum into an
open cut. This can cause infection* ,

2. Pour blood serum into jar. bottle, or other container and
add gasoline.

3. Add the salt (or other additive) to the mixture and stir until
a gel forma. Section V

10k No. S

ACID DELAY INCENDIARY

This device will ignite automatically after a given time delay.

ANIMAL BLOOD SYSTEMS

MATERIAL REQUIRED:
Animal blood can be used to gel gasoline rbr use as a flan* e
fuel which will adhere to target surfaces.

MATERIAL REQUIRED:

Parts

by Volume

ngrcdient

Gasoline

Small jar with cap
Cardboard
Adhesive tape

Common Source Potassium Chlorate

' Sugar

Motor fuel Gas station Sulphuric Acid (Battery Acid)

How Used

Solvent

Motor vehicles Rubber sheeting (automotive inner tube)

POOR MAN'S JAKES BOND Vol. 2

312

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

PROCEDURE :

I. Sulphuric acid muat

be concentrated. If battery acid or other dilute acid
is used, concentrate it by boiling. Container used
should be of enamelware or oven glass. When dense
white fumes begin to appear, immediately remove the
acid from heat and allow to cool to room temperature.

CAUTION; Sulphuric acid will burn skin and destroy clothina
any is spilled, wash it away with a large quantity of water. F
are also dangerous and should not be inhaled.

iMw° R , TAN > T: w a»h outside of jar thoroughly with clear water,
ix this la not done, the jar may be dangerous to handle during use

HOW TO USE ;

1. Place the tube containing the Sugar Chlorate crystals on an
incendiary or flammable material taped end down.

2. Turn the jar of sulphuric acid cap end down and slide it into
the open end of the tube.

2. Dissolve one part by volume of Potassium Chlorate and one
part by volume of sugar in two parts by volume of boiling water.

3. Allow the solution to cool. When crystals settle, pour off and
discard the liquid. m ^ jar

4. Form a tube from cardboard
just large enough to fit around the
outside of the jar and 2 to 3 times
the height of the jar. Tape one
end of the tube closed.

lv'- , : : : ; "--<:l

JAR WITH
SULPHURIC ACID

TUBE OF

SUGAR CHLORATE

INCENDIARY OR

FLAMMABLE
MATERIAL

CARDBOARD

POTASSIUM

CHLORATE

5. Pour wet Potassium Chlorate S - UGAR
sugar crystals into the tube until
it is about 2/3 full. Stand the
tube aside to dry.

CAR BOARD

TUBE

6. Drill a hole through the cap
of the jar about 1/2 inch (1 1/4 cm)

in diameter.

After a time delay, the acid will eat through the rubber disc
and ignite the sugar chlorate mix. The delay time depends upon
the thickness and type of rubber used for the disc. Before using
this device, tests should be conductei determine the delay time
that can be expected.

ni9rLui p ** m t ? «*nd*rd automobile inner tube (about 1/32"
lh4Ck> wlU P rovid * * «***y time of approximately 45 minute •?

Section VI
106 No. 1

ELECTRIC BULB INITIATOR
light or automobile electric light bulb.

JAR

LID

105

7. Cut a disc from rubber sheet
so that it just fits snugly inside
the lid of the jar.

RUBBER
SHEET

MATERIAL REQUIRED Bulb Bas

Electric light bulb and

mating socket
Cardboard or heavy paper
Black Powder
Adhesive tape

PROCEDURE

Method I

Filament

Black Powder

Cardboard Tube

Cap or Tape

8. Partly fill jar with water, cover with rubber disc and cap
tightly with the drilled lid. Invert bottle and allow to stand for
a few minutes to make sure that there are no leaks. THIS IS
EXTREMELY IMPORTANT.

9. Pour water from jar and fill
about 1/3 full with concentrated
iulphuric acid. Replace the
rubber disc and cap tightly.

CAP

RUBBER

DISC

SULPHURIC

ACID

1. Break the glass of the elec-
tric light bulb. Take care not to
damage the filament. The ini-
tiator will NOT work if the fila-
ment is broken. Remove all
glass above the base of the bulb.

2, Form a tube 3 to 4 inches
long from cardboard or heavy
paper to fit around the base of
the bulb. Join the tube with ad-
hesive tape.

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

313

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

3. Fit the tube to the bulb b
and tap* in place.

Filament

Make sure that the tube d
not cover that portion of the
bulb base that fit* into the
socket.

4. If no eocket ie available for
connecting the initiator to the
firing circuit, solder the con-
necting wires to the bulb bass.

CAUTION? Do NOT use a hot
soldering iron on the completed

_£a>-*Jft^« ■la*, i* _*». 1— U. *C_-

Bulb Base

Cardboard

/ Tube Material Required

Tape

107

Paper book matches.
Adhesive or friction tape.
Fuse cord (improvised or

commercial).
Pin or small nail.

Procedure

1* Remove the staple(s) from
match book and separate
matches from cover.

rvH C9"9

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

314

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

8. Push pin or small nail
through matches and fuse
cord. Bend end of pin or
nail.

Method of Use

To light the fuse cord, the
igniter is held by both hands
and pulled sharply or quickly.

CAUTION

to iDcimti'

Store matches and completed fuse igniters in
moistureproof containers such as plastic or rub-
ber type bags until ready for use. Damp or wet
paper book matches will not ignite. Fuse lengths
should not exceed 12 in. (30 cm) for easy storage
These can be spliced to main fuses when needed.

jT»— W*>» *•»• mf MMas
I

3. Position the burning cigarette with fuse so that it
burn, freely. A suggested method is to hang the delay on

NOTE

Common dry cigarettes burn about 1 inch every 7 or
8 mmutes in -till air. If the fuse cord is placed 1 inch from
the burning end of a cigarette a time delay of 7 or 8 minute,
win result.

Delay time will vary depending upon type of cigarette,
wind, moisture, and other atmospheric condition..

To obtain accurate delay time, a test run should be

made under "use" conditions.

Section VI

110 No. 3

DEJ-AY IGNITER FROM CIGARETTE

A simple and economical time delay can be made with
a common cigarette.

* -

A time delay device for use with electrical firing circuits
can be made by using a watch with a plastic crystal.

miTiftt**

„. Section VI
WATCH DELAY TIMER

Materials Required

Cigarette.

Paper match.

String (shoelace or similar cord).

Fuse cord (improvised or commercial).

Procedure

CUT SO INNER CORE IS EXPOSED

f-V¥ I

1. Cut end of fuse cord to expose inner core,

»ATCM

Material and Equipment Required

Watch with plastic crystal.
Small clean metal .crew.
Battery.

Connecting wires.
Drill or nail.
Procedure

1. If watch ha. a .weep or large second hand, re-
move it. If delay time of more than one hour is required,
also remove the minute hand. If hand, are painted, care-
fully .crape paint from contact edge with Imife.

rust cos.

2. Drill a hole through the

crystal of the watch or

pierce the cry.tal with a

-> .. , ( . heated nail. The hole mu.t

2. Light cigarette in normal fashion. Place a paper be small enough that the

»e both t^hl ^ ""Til!* u Ver eXP< ^ d ^ ° f fU " " rd "* J « eW Cto be t£ « htl r threaded
tie both to the side of the burning cigarette with string. into it.

POOR KAN'S JAlVES BOND Vol. 2

315

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

2. Drill hole completely through
the center of the plug and cap
large enough that the nail fits

loosely.

3. Place the screw in the hole

and turn down as far as

possible without making

contact with the face of the

watch. If screw has a pointed

tip, it may be necessary to

grind the tip flat. 3. Enlarge the hole in the plug

except for the last 1/8 in. (3 mm)
•o that the fuse cord will just fit.

If no screw is available, pass a bent stiff wire through

the hole and tape to the crystal.

DRILL

DIAMETER OF FUSE CORD

1/8 in.

PIPE PLUG

Emp

ORTANT;

Check to make sure hand of watch can-
not pass screw or wire without contact*
ing it.

DIAMETER OF NAIL-

How to Use

4. Remove the plug from the cap
and push the flat head nail through
the hole in the cap from the inside.

I. Set the watch so that a hand will reach the screw
or wire at the time you want the firing circuit completed.

2. Wind the watch.

NAIL

PIPE CAP

3. Attach a wire from the case of the watch to one
terminal of the battery.

5. Cut the striking tips from approximately 10 strike -anywhere
matches. Place match tips inside pipe cap and screw plug in

4. Attach one wire from an electric initiator (blast-
ing cap, squib, or alarm device) tp the screw or wire on
the face of the watch.

FUSE CCRD
PLUG

HOW TO USE:

1. Slide the fuse cord into the
hole in the pipe plug.

5. After thorough inspection is made to assure that
the screw or the wire connected to it is not touching the face
or case of the watch, attach the other wire from the initia-
tor to the second terminal of the battery.

PIPE CAP

MATCH HEADS
NAIL

CAUTION

Follow step 5 carefully to prevent prema-
ture initiation.

2. Tape igniter to fuse cord,

Section VI

llli No. 5

NO-FLASH FUSE IGNITER

A simple no-flash fuse igniter can be made from common
pipe fittings.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

1/4 in. (6mm) Pipe Cap
Solid 1/4 in. (6mm) Pipe Plug
Flat head nail about 1/16 in.

(1 1/2 mm) in diameter
Hand Drill
Common "Strike Anywhere"

Matches
Adhesive Tape

PROCEDURE :

1. Screw the pipe plug tightly
into the pipe cap.

3. Tap point of nail on a hard
surface to ignite the fuse.

Section VI

116 No. 6

DRIED SEED TIMER

A time delay device for electrical firing circuits can be
made using the principle of expansion of dried seed».

■

MATERIEL REQUIRED :

Dried peas, beans or other dehy-
drated seeds

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

316

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

timer

Wide mouth glass jar with non-
metal cap

Two screws or bolts

Thin metal plate

Hand drill
Screwdriver

PROCEDURE :

1. Determine the rate of rise of the dried seeds selected. This

is necessary to determine delay time of the timer.

a. Place a sample of the dried seeds in the jar and cover
with water.

Expansion of the seeds will raise the metal disc until It?
contacts the screws and closes the circuit.

CONNECTING WIRES —EXPLOSIVE

BATTERY
Q Section VI

118 No. 7

FUSE CORDS

BLASTING CAP

b. Measure the time it takes for the seeds to rise a given

height. Most dried seeds increase 50% in one to two T v..^ f„.„ mmm * m . , .

incendiaries or, with a non-electric blasting cap, to detonate

explosives.

2. Cut a disc from thin metal
plate. Disc should fit loosely
inside the jar.

NOTE: If metal is painted,

rusty or otherwise coated, it must
be scraped or sanded to obtain
a clean metal surface.

3. Drill two holes in the cap of
the jar about 2 inches apart.
Diameter of holes should be such
that screws or bolts will thread
tightly into them. If the Jar has
a metal cap or no cap, a piece
of wood or plastic ( NOT META L)
can be used as a cover.

METAL PLATE

117

4. Turn the two screws or bolts
through the holes in the cap.
Bolts should extend about one in.
(2 1/2 cm) into the jar.

1 IMPORTANT:

: Both bolts

must I

|ext<

and the same distance below I

|the

container

cover.

FAST BURNING FUSE

The burning rate of this fuse is approximately 40 in. (100 cmt
per minute.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Soft Cotton String /'Potassium Nitrate (Saltpeter) 25 parts

Fine .Black Powder --or./ Charcoal 3 parts

Piece of round stick \Sulphur z parts

Two pans or dishes

PROCEDURE :

1. Moisten fine Black Powder to form
stitute as follows:

JAR CAP

a paste or prepare a sub

a. Dissolve Potassium Nitrate in an equal amount of water

b. Pulverize charcoal by spreading thinly on a hard surface
and rolling the round stick over it to crush to a fine powder.

c. Pulverize sulphur in the same manner.

d. Dry mix sulphur and charcoal.

«. Add Potassium Nitrate solution to the dry mix to obtain
a thoroughly wet paste. STRING NAIL

j, BOLT

5. Pour dried seeds into the container. The level will depend _— -

upon the previously measured rise time and the desired delay. 2. Twist or braid three strands

-~*~ of cotton string together

METAL
DISC

6. Place the metal disc in the
jar on top of the seeds.

HOW TO USE:

JAR

3. Rub paste mixture into twi.ted
DRIED SEEDS »tring with fingers and allow to dry

BLACK POWDER PASTE

i«H A f d Ju '< cnou * h w * ter ^ completely cover the seeds
and place the cap on the jar.

fw £ ttacft connecting wires from
the firing circuit to the two screws
on the cap.

CONNECTING
WIRES

METAL DISC

DRIED

SEEDS

119 /r
Uke^fVrVk^w b r nin l ? "I' Q< fU " by "*"«'»• the time it

obtain a one minute (60 second) delay time.

SLOW BURNING FUSE
m^nut^ ning r * U ° £thU *•• *• proximately 2 in. (5 cm) per
MATERIAL REQUIRED
Cotton String or 3 Shoelaces

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317

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

PROCEDUR E:

1. Waih cotton- at ring or shoelace* in hot soapy water; rinse in
fresh water.

2. Dissolve 1 part Potassium Nitrate or Potassium Chlorate
and 1 part granulated sugar in 2 parts hot water.

3. Soak string or shoelaces in solution.

4. Twist or braid three strands of string together and allow to

dry.

5. Check actual burning rate of the fuse by measuring the time
it takes for a known length to burn. Thia ia used to determine
the length needed for the desired delay time. If 2 in. (5 cm)
burns for 1 minute, 10 in. (25 cm) will be needed to obtain a S

minute delay.

String

4. Thread string through hole in
cigarette.

5. Tie string around rear of
clothespin, 1/8 inch or less from
end. The clothespin nay be notched
to hold the string in place!

Notches Less Than
1/8 Inch From End

NOTE: The last few inches of this cord (the end inserted in the
material to be ignited) should be coated with the fast burning

Black Powder paste if possible. This must be done when the NOTE: The string must keep the rear end of the clothespin closed so
fuse is used to ignite a blasting cap . that the Jaws stay open and no contact is made between the wires.

HOW TO USE:

f REMEMBER: The burning rate of either of these fuses can vary]
greatly. Do Not Use for ignition until you have checked their
burning rate. _^_^__^_

Section VI

" u No. 8

CLOTHESPIN TIME DELAY SWITCH

A 3 to 5 minute time delay switch can be made from the clothespin
switch (Section VO, No. 1) and a cigarette. The system can be used for
initiation of explosive charges, mines, and booby traps.

Suapend the entire system verti-
caLly with the cigarette tip down.
Light tip of cigarette. Switch will
close and Initiation will occur when
the cigarette burns up to and
through the string.

To Firing

Circuit

Cigarette

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Spring type clothespin

Solid or stranded copper wire about 1/16 in. (2 mm) in diameter (field or

bell wire is suitable)
Pine string, about 6 inches in length
Cigarette
Knife

PROCEDURE:

1. Strip about 4 inches (10 cm) of
insulation from the ends of 2 copper
wires. Scrape copper wires with
pocket knife until metal is shiny.

2. Wind one scraped wire tightly
on one Jaw of the clothespin, and
the other wire on the other Jaw so
that the wires will be in contact
with each other when the Jaws are
closed.

NOTE: Wires to the firing circuit must not be pulled taut when the
twitch it mounted. This could prevent the Jaws from closing.

SECTION VI

122 NO. 9

TIME DELAY GRENADE

This delay mechanism makes it possible to use an ordinary grenade
as a time bomb.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Grenade
Fuse Cord

IMPORTANT: Fuse cord must be the type thai burns completely.
Fast burning improvised fuse cord (Sec 'ion VI. No. 7)' is suitable.
Safety fuse is not satisfactory, since its outer covering does not
burn.

PROCEDURE:

Knot

Burning
Length

-i

I . Bend end of safety lever upward
to form a book. Make a single loop
of fuse cord around the center of
the grenade body and safety lever.
Tie a knot of the non-slip variety at
the safety lever.

Measured Length
of Fuse Cord

Safety Lever
Pin

Loop of

Fuse Cord

3. Measuring from tip of cigarette,
measure a length of cigarette that
will correspond to the desired delay
time. Make s hole in cigarette at
this point, using wire or pin.

121 Pin or Wire

NOTE: Delay time may be adjusted by varying the burning length of the

cigarette. Burning rate in still air is approximately ? minutes per inch 2 - Measuring from the knot along the free length of the fuse cord,

(2. 5 cm). Since this rate varies with environment and brand of cigarette, measure off a length of fuse cord that will give the desired delay

it should be tested in each case if accurate delay time is desired. time. Cut off the excess fuse cord.

IOTE: The loop must be tight enough to hold the safety lever in posi-
tion when the pin is removed.

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

318

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

HOW TO USE:

X. Place hand around grenade and
safety (ever so safety lever is held
in place. Carefully remove pin.

2. Emplace grenade in desired
location while holding grenade and
safety lever.

3. Very carefully remove hand from grenade and safety lever, making
sure that the fuse cord holds* the safety lever in place.

123

Bare
Stiff Solid V

Wire ^"^

To Firing

«. Circuit

" ■« w ^*fc

Uquid*.

pi^xL

___ Insulated
*" Wirt

>«L^?z

^L * ** % 1

Wood

Block

1 Pinhole - *

WOW TO USE-

S*^

4. Light free and of fuse cord. Section VI

12l| No. 10
CAN-LIQUID TIME DELAY

A time delay device for electrical firing circuits can be made using
a can and liquid.

MATERIAL REQUIRED

Can

Liquid (water, gasoline, etc.)

Small block of wood or any material that will float on the liquid used
Knife

2 pieces of solid wire, each piece 1 foot (30 cm) or longer
PROCEDURE;

1. Make 2 small holes at opposite
sides of the can very close to the
top.

2. Remove insulation from a long
piece of wire for a distance a Utile
greater than the diameter of the can.

3. Secure the wire in place across
the top of the can by threading it
through the holes and twisting in
place, leaving some slack. Make
loop in center or wire. Be sure a
long piece of wire extends from
one end of the can.

4. Wrap a piece of insulated wire around the block of wood. Scrape
insulation from a small section of this wire and band as shown so that
wire contacts loop before wood touches bottom of container. Thread
this wire through the loop of bare wire.

5. Make a very small hole (pinhole) in the side of the container. Fill

container with a quantity of liquid corresponding to the desired delay

time. Since the rate at which liquid leaves the can depends upon weather

conditions, liquid used, size of hole, amount of liquid in the container.

etc. , determine the delay time for each individual case. Delays from

a few minutes to many hours are possible. Vary time by adjusting liquid
'level, type of liquid (water, oil) and hole size.

(.taps above). Be sure that woodan block float, on liquid and that wire
la free to move down aa liquid leavea container .

1. Connect wirea to firing circuit.

MOTE: A long term delay can be obtained by placing a volatile ltn,,irf

ZTZEl 1 !?*"- B. W . that *• wc^ wiU HcetTthe l3
uaad. DO NOT MAKE PINHOLE IN SIDE OF CAN*

XafO Xo. U

SHORT TERM TIME DELAY FOR GRENADE

A simple modification can produce delays of approximately 12 eec-
onda for grenades when fired from Grenade Launchers (Section IV. Xo. 3>.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Grenade
Nail

Safety fuse

?^\/^'" f€ty<>riraprovl * edfu » em *y»>«««ed. However aince dif
ferent time delay, will result, determine the burning rate^e fuTe «r.t.

PROCEDURE ■

Body of Crlmp

1. Unscrew fuse mechanism
from body of grenade and re-
move. Pliers may have to
be uaad.

2. . Carefully cut with knife
or break off detonator
at crimp and aava for later
use.

3, Remove safety pin pull ring
and lever, letting striker hit the
primer. Place fuse mechanism
aalde until delay fuse powder
mix In mechanism is completely
burned.

CAUTION: If detonator is cut or broken below the crimp, detonation
may occur and severe injuries could result.

Spring *Mr W»
Pull Ring

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

319

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

127

Primer
4. Remove pin, spring, and striker.

Fuse Mechanism
(Pin, Spring and

Striker Removed)

3. Remove primer from fuse
mechanism by pushing nail
through l>ottnm end of primer

hole and tapping with hammer.

6. Insert safety fuse through top
of primer hole. Knlarge hole If
necessary. The fuse should go
completely through the hole.

7. Insert fuse into detonator and
tape it securely to modified fuse
mechanism.

Detonator

NOTE: Be sure that fuse rests firmly against detonator at ail times.

8. Screw modified fuse mechanism back into grenade. Grenade is now
ready for use.

128

Tape

NOTE: If time delay is used for
Improvised Grenade Launchers
(Section IV, No. 5) -

1. Wrap tape around safety
fuse.

2. Securely tape fuse to
grenade.

3. Load grenade in launcher.
Grenade will explode in
approximately 12 seconds
after safety fuse burns up
to bottom of grenade.

12 Sec Burning
Time from this
Point

.—Section VI

*** No. 12
LONG TERM TIME DELAY FOR GRENADE

A simple modification can produce delays of approximately 20 sec-
onds for grenades when fired from Grenade Launchers (Section IV, No. 5)
MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Grenade
Nail

"Strike-anywhere" matches, 6 to 8 .

Pliers (may not be needed)

Knife or sharp cutting edge

Piece of wood

Safety fuse

NOTE: Any safety or improvised fuse may be used. However, since

different time delays will result, determine the burning rate of the fuse

first.

PROCEDURE: Bwfy o{

Grenade

1. Unscrew fuse mechanism
from body of grenade and
remove. Pliers may have to
be used.

2. Insert nail completely through safety hole (hole over primer) -

Striker

3. Carefully remove safety pin
pull ring and lever, and allow
striker to hit nail.

Safety Pin
Pull Ring

[CAUTION: If for any reason, striker should hit primer instead of nail,
[detonator will explode after (4-5 sec.) delay time.

Primer

4. Push pin out and remove spring
and striker. Remove nail.

Fuse Mechanism
(Pin, Spring and
Striker Removed)

Top Section

5. Carefully remove top
section of fuse mechanism
from bottom section by un-
screwing. Pliers may
have to be used.

Bottom Section

Detonator

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

320

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

8. Fire primer by hitting nail placed against top of it. Remove
fired primer (same a* procedure 5 of Section VI, No. 11) .

132

Tap*

CAUTION: Do not hold assembly in your hand during above operation
as serious burns may result.

131

NOTE: If time delay is used for
Improvised Grenade Launchers
(Section IV, Ho. 5) -

1. Wrap tape around aafety
fuse.

2. Securely tape fuse to

grenade

3. Load grenade In launcher.
Grenade will explode in
approximately 20 seconds
after safety fuse burns up
to bottom of grenade.

20 Sec Burning
Time from this
Point

7. Scrape delay fuse powder with a sharpened stick. Loosen about
1/4 in. (6 mm) of powder in cavity.

Section VII

133 no. i

CLOTHESPIN SWITCH

A spring type clothespin is used to make a circuit clos
ing switch to actuate explosive charges, mines, booby traps
and alarm systems.

CittHCtVlH

CL0T>«Et»tN

iwitch

a . Cut off tips (not whole head) of 6 "strike-anywhere" matches with
sharp cutting edge. Drop them into delay fuse hole.

Material Required

Spring type clothespin.

Solid copper wire -- 1/16 in. (2 mm) in diameter.

Strong string on wire.

Flat piece of wood (roughly 1/8 x 1" x 2").

Knife.
Procedure

"Strike-Anywhere
Match Tip

Head

9, Place safety fuse in delay
fuse hole so that it is flush
against the match tips .

IMPORTANT: Be sure fuse
remains flush against the
match tips at all times.

10. Thread fuse through
primer hole. Enlarge hole
if necessary. Screw mod-
ified fuse mechanism back
together. Screw combina-
tion back into grenade.
Grenade modification is
now ready for use. Light
fuse when ready to use.

Strip four in. (10 cm) of in-
sulation from the ends of 2
solid copper wires. Scrape
copper wires with pocket
knife until metal is shiny.

Wind one scraped wire
tightly on one jaw of the
clothespin, and the other
wire on the other jaw.

Make a hole in one end of
the flat piece of wood using
a knife, heated nail or drill
Tie strong string or wire
through the hole.

PLAT MfCf ##

»!•••• UliN •* . «

POOR MAN f S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

321

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

5. Place flat piece of wood be-
tween jaws of the clothespin
switch.

Basic Firing Circuit

CLOTHCSFIN
SWITCH

STftONS TWINE
BATTCRV WrittUW

When the flat piece of wood
is removed by pulling the string, the jaws oi

the clothespin will close completing the circuit.

CAUTION

Do not attach the battery until the switch am
trip wire have been emplaced and examined. Be
sure the flat piece of wood is separating the jaw;
of the switch.

A Method of Use

.MAIL TO STAKf

<CL0'»t4>. M "U*T TUfM r«t*lT
<m TMC Mil I

T«I 0* LtMI PtMf 1

2. Retract the striker of the
mousetrap and attach the trip
lever across the end of the wood
base using the staple with which
the holding wire was attached*

NOTE: If the trip lever is not
made of metal* a piece of metal
of approximately the same size

should be used.

TRIP LEVER

3. Strip one in. (2 1/2 cm) of insulation from the ends of 2
connecting wires.

4. Wrap one wire tightly around
the spring loaded striker of the
mousetrap.

136

5. Wrap the second wire around
some part of the trip lever or
piece of metal.

HOW TO USE:

CONNECTING WIRES ™

This switch can be used in a number of ways -- one typical method
is presented here.

The switch is placed inside a box which also contains the explosive
and batteries. The spring loaded striker is held back by the lid
of the box and when the box is opened the circuit is closed*

Shelf Explosive Blasting Cap

Mousetrap Switch

Box

, -- Section VII
J"" No. 2

MOUSETRAP SWITCH

Battery

Section VII
L37 No. 3

•witc
traps

FLEXIBLE PLATE SWITCH
A common mousetrap can be used to make a circuit closing

:h for electrically initiated explosives, mines and booby This pressure sensitive switch is used

for initiating emplaced

MATERIEL REQUIRED :

Mousetrap
Hacksaw or File
Connecting wires

TRIP LEVER

PROCEDURE :

1. Remove the trip lever from
the mousetrap using a hacksaw
or file. Also remove the staple
and holding wire.

STAPLE

mines and explosives.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Two flexible metal sheets

one approximately 10 in. (25 cm) square
one approximately 10 in. x 8 in. (20 cm)

Piece of wood 10 in. square by 1 in. thick

Four soft wood blocks I in.x 1 in.x 1/4 in.

Eight flat head nails, 1 in. long

Connecting wires

Adhesive tape

PROCEDURE :

1. Nail 10 in. x 8 in. metal NAILS
sheet to 10 in. square piece of
wood so that 1 in. of wood shows
on each aide of metal. Leave
one of the nails sticking up
about 1/4 in.

METAL
SHEET

WOOD BASE

POOR MAN f S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

322

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

2, Strip insulation from the end
of one connecting wire. Wrap
this end around the nail and
drive the nail all the way in.

3* Place the four wood blocks
on the corners of the wood
base.

WOOD BLOCKS

4. Place the 10 in. square
flexible metal sheet so that it
rests on the blocks in line
with the wood base.

138

5. Drive four nails through the
metal sheet and the blocks to
fasten to the wood base. A
second connecting wire is attache
to one of the nails as in Step 2.

Section VII
139 No. 4

METAL BALL SWITCH

This switch will close an electric circuit when it is tipped
in any direction. It can bo used alone for booby traps or in
combination with another switch or timer as an anti-disturbance
switch.

MATERIAL REQUIRED;

Metal Ball 1/2" (11/4 cm)

diameter (see Note)
Solid copper wire 1/16" (1/4 cm)

diameter
Wood block 1" ( 2 1/2 cm) square

by 1/4" thick
Hand drill

Connecting wires
Soldering iron f* solder

NOTE : If other than a 1/2" diameter ball is used, other dimensions
must be changed so that the ball will rest in the center hole of the
block without touching either of the wires.

6. Wrap adhesive tape around the
edges of the plate and wood base.
This will assure that no dirt or
other foreign matter will get
between the plates and prevent
the switch from operating.

TAPE

HOW TO USE:

PROCEDURE:

1- Drill four 1/16" holes and
one 1/8" hole through the wood
block as shown.

2. Form two "0" shaped pieces
from 1/16" copper wire to the

dimensions shown.

1/16" HOLE
1/8" HOLE

ONE 1" HIGH
ONE 1-1/2** HIGH

The switch ie placed in a hole in the path of expected traffic
rn^t. C r i^ re Tr ith f mn Uy " °< dirt •* other^mouflalS

SSS& EtuHld ME? •afis** device ******& ?o ^

desired. h * •witch or emplaced eUewhere a.

THIN LAYER OF DIRT

SWITCH

ROAD SURFACE

3. Wrap a connecting wire
around one leg of each "U" at
least 1/4" from the end and
solder in place.

U*0

CONNECT TO
EXPLOSIVE
When a vehicle passes over the switch, the two metal
plates make contact closing the firing circuit.

4. Place metal ball on block so
that it rests in the center hole.

5. Insert the ends of the small
"U" into two holes in the block.
Insert large "U" into the re-
maining two holes.

*«fl

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

323

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

CAUTION; Make sure that the
metal ball doe* not touch either

U" shaped wire when the • witch
it standing on its base. If the
ball does touch, bend wires out-
ward slightly.

Contacts

Wire

HOW TO USE: _.

5. Securely tape contact strips
Mount switch vertically and connect in electrical firing to *«*es of container,
circuit as with any other switch. When tipped in any direction
it will close the circuit.

Wire

Containe r

Small
Clearance

[

CAUTION: Switch must be mounted vertically and not|
disturbed while completing connections .

Section VII
UP No.S

ALTIMETER SWITCH

Contacts Taped
To Container

HOW TO USE:

1. Connect the altimeter switch in an explosive circuit the same
a* any switch.

This switch is designed for use with explosives placed on 2. Place the explosive package on airplane. As the plane
rcraft. tt will close an electrical firing circuit when an rises the air inside the container will expand. This forces the

plastic sheet against the contacts closing the firing circuit.

altitude of approximately 5000 ft (1-1/2 KM) is reached.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Jar or tin can

Thin sheet of flexible plastic or waxed paper

Thin metal sheet (cut from tin can|

Adhesive Tape

Connecting Wires

PROCEDURE:

1. Place sheet of plastic or waxed paper over the top of the can
or Jar and taps tightly to sides of container.

NOTE: The switch win not function in a pressunzea caoin.
It must be placed in some part of the plane which will not be
Pressurised.

TEScuorv^ ""

No. 6
PULL-LOOP SWTTCH

NOTE: Plastic sheet should not be stretched tight. A small
jspression should be l«ft_in the top.

Depression

Plastic Sheet

]

2. Cut two contact strips from thin metal and bend to the
■ napes shown.

Outside Diam.

of Container

1/2 Diam.
of Container

Small Hole

1. Strip insulation from the
ends of two connecting wires.
Attach one wire to each contact
strip.

NOTE: If a soldering iron is
available solder wires in

pi.

This switch will Initiate explosive charges, mines, and booby traps
when the trip wire is pulled.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

2 lengths of insulated wire

Knife

Strong string or cord

Fins thread that will break easily

PROCEDURE :

1. Remove about 2 inches of in-
sulation from one end of each
length of wire. Scrape bare wire
with knife until metal is shiny.

2. Make a loop out of each piece
of bare wire.

3. Thread eaoh wire through the
loop of the other wire so the wires
can slide along each other.

NOTE: The loops should contact each other when the two
pulled taut.

liili

HOW TO USE:

\ s Insulated

Wire

res are

Loops

Contact

Connecting
Wire

11*2

?.* ,r Uce .u onUcl • tri P? ° v «' container so that the larger contact
two ,m * Uer Wilh * ver V •™ U clearance between the

1. Separate loops by about 2 In-
ches. Tie piece of fine thread
around wires near each loop
Thread should be taut enough to
support loops and wire, yet fine
enough that it will break under a
very slight pull.

Wire

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

324

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

2. Fasten one wire to tree or stake and connect end to firing circuit.

3. Tie a piece of cord or string around the other piece of wire a few
inches from the loop. Tie free end of cord around tree, bush, or stake.
Connect the free end of the wire to the firing circuit. Initiation will
occur when the tzipcord is pulled.

Pull-Loop Switch

OTHER USES : The switch minus the fine thread may be used to activate

a booby trap by such means as attaching it between the lid and a rigid

portion of a box, between a door and i door jamb, and in similar manners

. I - Section VII

l05 no. 7

KNIFE SWITCH

This device will close the firing circuit chargea. mines, and booby
traps when the trip wire is pulled or cut.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Knife or hack aaw blade

6 nails

Strong string or light rope

Sturdy wooden board
Wire

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Pages from Improvised Munitions Handbook

Straight sticks about 1 foot (30 cm) long and 1/4 in. (5 mm) in diameter
Thread or fine string
PROCEDURE :

1. Make a notch about 1/2 in. <1 cm) from each end of stick. Be sure
that the two notches are the same distance from the end of the stick.

2. Find the exact center of the stick
by folding in half a piece of thread
the same length as the stick and
placing it alongside the stick as a
ruler. Make a small notch at the
center of the stick.

3. Tie a piece of thread around the
notch. Suspend stick from branch, an-
other stick wedged between rocks, or
by any other means. Be sure stick is
balanced and free to move.

NOTE: If stick is not balanced,
shave or scrape a little off the heavy [_, ,

end until it does balance. Be sure ' i/2 length
the lengths of the arms are the same. f stick

Thread

PROCEDURE :

1. ' Place knife on board. Drive 2 nails into board on each side of knife
handle so knife is held in place.

2. Drive one nail into board so that it touches blade of knife near the

point. v

9. Attach rope to knife. Place rope across path. Apply tension to
rope, pulling knife blade away from nail slightly. Tie rope to tree,
bush, or stake.

4. Drive another nail into board near the tip of the knife blade as shown
below. Connect the two nails with a piece of conducting wire. Nail should
be positioned so that it will contact the second nail when blade is pulled
about 1 inch (2-1/2 cm) to the side.

Wires to

Circuit

Trlpcord
in Tension

NOTE: Check position of naila to knife blade. The nails should be
placed so that the knife blade will contact either one when the rope is
pulled or released.

HOW TO USE :

Attach one wire from firing circuit to one of the naila and the other to
the knife blade. The circuit will be completed when the trlpcord is

pulled or released.

Section VII

lk6 No. 8

IMPROVISED SCALE

4 . Make a container out of one
piece of paper. This can be done by
rolling the paper into a cylinder and
folding up the bottom a few times.

5. Punch 2 holes at opposite sides
of paper container. Suspend con-
tainer from one side of stick.

6. Count out the number of hand-
book pages equal in weight to that
of the quantity of material to be
weighed. Each sheet of paper
weighs about 1.3 grams (20 grains
or .04 ounce). Suspend these
sheets, plus one , to balance con-
tainer on the other side of the
scale.

7. Slowly add the material to be
weighed to the container. When the
stick is balanced, the desired
amount of material is in the
container.

8. If it is desired to weigh a quantity of material larger than that which
would fit in the above container, make a container out of a larger paper
or paper bag, and suspend from one side of the stick. Suspend hand-
book pages from the other side until the stick is balanced. Now place

a number of sheets of handbook pages equal in weight to that of the
desired amount of material to be weighed on one side, and fill the
container with the material until the stick is balanced.

9. A similar method may be used to measure parts or percentage by
weight. The weight units are unimportant. Suspend equal weight con-
tainers from each aide of the stick. Bags, tin cans, etc. can be used.
Place one material in one of the containers . Fill the other container
with the other material until they balance. Empty and refill the num-

ber of times necessary to get the required parts by weight (e.g. , 5 to 1
This scale provides a means of weighing propel 1 ant and other P*rts by weight would require 5 fillings of one can for one filling of the
items when conventional scales or balances are not available. other).

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

325

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

litf

SecUon VII
1MB No. 9

ROPE GRENADE LAUNCHING TECHNIQUE

CAUTION: If safety lever should be released for any reason, grenade
will explode after regular delay time (4-5 sec.) .

NOTE : If diameter of safety fuse is too large to fit in hole (Step 4),
follow procedure and How to Use of Time Delay Grenade, Section VI,
No. 9. instead of Steps 3 and 4 above.
HOW TO USE :

1. Light fuse.

2. Whirl grenade overhead, holding knot at end of rope, until grenade
picks up speed (3 or 4 turns).

3. Release when sighted on target.

CAUTION: Be sure to release grenade within 10 seconds after fuse
is lit.

NOTE: It is helpful to practice first with a dummy grenade or a rock

to improve accuracy. With practice, accurate launching up to 100 meters

(300 feet) can be obtained.
A method of increasing the distance a grenade may be thrown. Safety

fuse is used to increase the delay time.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Hand grenade (Improvised pi|>e hand grenade. Section II, No. 1 may be

used)

Safety fuse or fast burning Improvised Fuse, (Section VI, No. 7)
Light rope, cord, or string

Section VII

No, 10

BICYCLE GENERATOR POWER SOURCE

150

PROCEDURE :

1: Tie a 4 to 6 foot (1 meter) length
of cord to the grenade. Be sure
that the rope will not prevent the
grenade handle from coming off.

Rope

A 6 volt, 3 watt bicycle generator will set off one or two blasting
caps (connected in series) or an igniter.

MATERIAL REQUIRED :

Bicycle generator (6 volts, 3 watt)

Copper wi re

Knife

PROCEDURE:

Note: If improvised grenade is used, tie cord around grenade near the

end cap. Tape in place If necessary.

1. Strip about 4 in. (10 cm) of

2. Tie a Urge knot in the other end of the cord for use as a handle. coatin * from both ends * 2 copper

wires. Scrape ends with knife

3. Carefully remove safety pin from
grenade, holding safety lever in
place. Enlarge safety pin hole with
point of knife, awl, or drill so that
safety fuse will pass through hole.

4. Insert safety fuse in hole. Be
sure that safety fuse is long enough no _-
to provide a 10 second or more time
delay. Slowly release safety lever
to make sure fuse holds safety
lever in place.

until metal is shiny.

Safety Fuse

2. Connect the end of one wire to
the generator terminal.

3. Attach the end of the second
wire to generator case. This
wire may be wrapped around a
convenient projection, taped,
or simply held against the case
with the hand.

To Blasting Cap
or Squib

Drive
Wheel

Terminal

Case

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol, 2

326

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

HOW TO USE:

151

1. Connect free ends of wires to blasting cap or squib leads

CAUTION: If drive wheel is routed, explosive may be set off.

]

2. Run the drive wheel firmly and rapidly across the palm of the
hand to activate generator.

Section VD

1$2 No. 11

AUTOMOBILE GENERATOR POWER SOURCE

An iutomobll« generator can be used as a means of firing one blast-
ins; cap or Igniter. (Improvised Igniter, Section V, No. 2. may be need.)

MATERIAL REQUIRED .

Automobile generator (6, 12, or 28 volte). (An alternator will not work.)
Copper Wire

Strong string or wire, about 5 ft. (150 cm) long and 1/16 In. (1-1/2 mm)

in diameter
Knife

Small light bulb requiring same voltage as generator, (for example,
bulb from same vehicle as generator).

PROCEDURE :

1. Strip about 1 la. (2-1/2 em) of
costing from both ends of 3 copper
wires. Scrape ends with knife
until metal la shiny.

t. Connect the A and F terminals

with one piece of wire.

3. Connect a wire to the A
terminal. Connect another
to the G terminal.

MOTE: The F s«l O or C terminal, may act be labeled; in this case,
connect wires as shown. The F terminal is usually smaller in ■<«•
thaa the C or O terminal.

153

4. Wrap several turns of string
or wire clockwise around the drive

pulley.

HOW TO USE

1. Connect the free. ends of the
wires to the light bulb.

Leads from
Generator

Leads to Bulb
or Detonator

2. Place one foot on the
generator to secure it in
place. Give the string or
wire i very hard pull to
light the bulb.

NOTE: If not successful at first, rewind string snd try sgain several
times. After repeating this operation and the bulb still does not light,
follow Step 4, "How to Use."

3. If light bulb lights, follow Steps 1 and 2 of sbove, "How to Use,"
connecting free ends of wires to blasting cap or igniter instesd of to
light bulb.

4. If tight bulb doea not light
after several pulls, switch leads
connected to F and G terminals.
Repeat above "How to Use."
Steps 1 to 3.

Section VH
No. 12

IMPROVISED BATTERY (SHORT LASTING)

15k

This battery is powerful but must be used within 14 minutes after
fabrication. One cell of this battery will detonate one blasting cap or
igniter. Two cells, connected In series, will detonate two of these
devices and so on. Larger cells have a longer life as well as greater
power.

MATERIALS

Water

Sodium hydroxide (lye, solid
or concentrated solution)

Copper or brass piste, about

4 in. (10 cm) square sad 1/16 in,

(2 mm) thick

COMMON SOURCE

Soap manufacturing
Disinfectants
Sewer cleaner

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol

327

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Aluminum plate or sheet,
"me lite a* copper plate

Charcoal powder

Container for mixing

Knife

One of the following:
Potaasium permanganate, aolid

Calcium hypochlorite, aolid

156

CAUTION: If solution seta on akin, wash off Immediately with water.

Manganese dioxide (pyroluclte)

Disinfectants
Deodorants

Disinfectants

Water treating chemicals

Chlorine bleaches
Dead dry-cell batteries

2. Place an aluminum
plate on top of the mixture
on each copper plate.
Press firmly. Remove
any excess that oozea out
between the plates.

Aluminum
Plate

Copper Plate

CAUTION: Be aure plates are not touching each other at any point.

]

NOTE: Be aure sodium hydroxide solution is at least a 45% solution by
weight. If not, boil off some of the water. If solid sodium hydroxide la
available, dissolve some sodium hydroxide in about twice aa mud, water
(by volume) .

Aluminum
Plate

155

PROCEDURE:

1 . Scrap* coating off both
ends of wires with knife
until metal is shiny.

3. If more than one cell Is
used, place the cells on top
of each other so that unlike
metal plates are touching.

Copper Plate
Aluminum Plate

Copper Plate

4. When ready to fire, clean plates with knife where connections are to
be made. Connect one wire to the outer aluminum plate. This maybe done by
holding the wires against the plates or by hooking them through holes punched
through plates. If wires are hooked through plates, be sure they do not
touch mixture between plates.

Copper Wire

2. Mix thoroughly {do not grind) approximately equal volumes ot
powdered charcoal and one of the following: potaasium permangenate,
calcium hypochlorite, or manganese dioxide. Add water until a very
thick paste la formed,

I CAUTION: Avoid getting any of the ingredient on the skin or in the eyes. I

Aluminum Plate
Copper Plate

3. Spread a layer of this
mixture about 1/8 In. (2 mm)
thick on the copper or brass
piste. Be sure mixture U
thick enough so that when
mixture is sandwiched be-
tween two metal plates,
the plates will not touch
each other at any point.

NOTE: If mora power la required, prepare several plates as above.

Copper Plate

■

Copper

Wire Aluminum Plate

Copper Plate
Muminum Plate

Copper
Wire

Copper Plate

157

Section Vn
No. 13
IMPROVISED BATTERY (2 HOUR DURATION)

HOW TO USE :

1. Just prior to use (no
more than IS minutes),
carefully pour a email
quantity of sodium hydrox-
ide solution over the mix-
ture on each plate used.

This battery should be used within 2 hours and should be securely
wrapped. Three cells will detonate one blasting cap or one Igniter.
Five cells, connected In series, will detonate two of these devices and
no on. Larger cells have a longer life and will yield more power.

If depolarizing materials such as potassium permanganate or
m a ngan ese dioxide cannot be obtained, ten cells without depolarizer,
arranged as described below, (Step 4) will detonate one blasting cap.

MATERIALS

Water

COMMON SOURCE

Ammonium chloride (sal ammoniac)
(solid or concentrated solution)

Medicines

Soldering Duxes

Fertilizers

Ice melting chemicals for

POOR MAN'S JAMES BOND Vol. 2

328

IMPROVISED MUNITIONS

Charcoal powder

Copper or brae* plate about 4 la.
(10 cm) square and 1/16 In. (2 mm)
thick

Alu m i n um plate same else ae
copper or brass plate

Wax end paper (or waxed paper)

Wire, at ring or tape

Container for mixing

KMfa

Que of me following:
Potassium permanganate, aolld

1*9

Candle*

Manganese dioxide

Disinfectants

Deodorant*

Dead dry bauertea

NOTE: If ammonium chloride solution ia not concentrated (at least
45% by weight) boil off some of the water.

158

PROCEDURE:

1. Mix thoroughly (do not grind) approximately equal volume* of pow-
dered charcoal, ammonium chloride and one of the following: potassium
permanganate or manganeae dioxide. Add water until a very thick paste
ia formed. If ammonium chloride ia in solution form, it may not be
necessary to add water.

b. Wrap the combined cells
in heavy waxed paper.
The waxed paper can be
made by rubbing candle
wax over one aide of a
piece of paper. Secure
the paper around the
battery with string.
wire or tape. Expose
the top and bottom met-
al plates at one corner.

HOW TO USE :

Copper Wires
to Explosives

1. Scrape a few inchea off each end of two wires with knife Oil metal la
shiay.

2. Clean plates with knife until metal la shiny where connections are
to be made.

3. Connect one wire from the explosive to a copper or brass plate and
the other wire to an aluminum plate. The connection can be made by
holding the wire against the plate. A permanent connection can be made
by hooking the wire through holea in the exposed comers of the plates.
The battery la now ready for use.

NOTE: If battery begins to fail after a few firings, scrape the plates
and wires where connections are made until metal la shiny.

2. Spread a layer of this mix-
ture, about 1/8 in. (3 mm) thick,
on a clean copper or brass plate.
The layer must be thick enough
to prevent a second plate from
touching the copper plate when
it la pressed on top.

160

Section VD
No, 14

ARMOR MATERIALS

The following table shows the amount of indigenous materials needed
to atop ball type projectiles of the 3. 56 mm, .30 caliber, and . SO cali-
ber ammunition fired from their respective weapons at a distance ot 10
feet (3 m). .

3. Press an aluminum plate very
firmly upon the mixture on the cop-
per plate. Remove completely any
of the mixture that squeezes out
between the platea . The plates
must not touch.

Aluminum
Plate

Copper Plats

4. If more than one cell Is desired:

a. Place one cell on top of
the other ao that unlike
metal plates are touching.

Aluminum
Plate

Copper Plate
Aluminum Plate

■

THICKNESS OF MATERIALS

■

Inches

| Centimeters

5.56

.30

.»

S.S6

.30

.SO

INDIGENOUS
MATERIAL

cal

7.62

12.70

7.62

12.70

ITXTTl

ram

Mild steel (structural)

•I

Mild aluminum

■

(structural)

■

Pine wood (soft)

Broken atones (cobble
gravel)

Dry aand

Wet sand or earth

Copper Plats

NOTE: After many projectiles are fired into the armor, the armor
will break down. More material muat be added.

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