Incunabula

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Incunabula

@incunabula

Bibliophile. The history of writing and of the book - across ALL cultures - from cuneiform tablet to papyrus scroll to codex to Kindle. Слава Україні!

incunabulaforum.com2017年8月からTwitterを利用しています

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Incunabula

@incunabula

2021年9月6日

European civilization is built on ham and cheese, which allowed protein to be stored throughout the icy winters. Without this, urban societies in most of central Europe would simply not have been possible. This is also why we have hardback books. Here's why. 1/

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Nubian Handwriting Club | نادي الكتابة النوبية

@nubianscribes

2021年1月23日

Around the year 330CE, the Kingdom of Kush fell, and in its wake rose three Nubian Kingdoms: Nobatia, Makuria, and Alodia. With these kingdoms came a new, written language, influenced by the various writing traditions of the region. A brief history of the Nubian script:

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It's often said that Frisian is the closest language to English. Linguistically-speaking this may be correct, but although one can cherry-pick words to make sentences where the similarity seems remarkable, the two languages are in general completely mutually unintelligible. 10/

East Frisian - specifically the Sater Frisian variant - remained an oral language until the 1950s. In the 1990s, Margaretha Grosser wrote children's books and transcribed Saterland poems & folktales. This is her 'Dööntjene un Fertälstere uut Seelterlound' published in 1992. 9/

Also important was Jap Peter Hansen, whose comedy, Der Geitzhals auf der Insel Silt, was first published in Flensburg in 1809. It remained popular for many decades - this is the related Di Gitshals of di Söl'ring Pidersdai, first published in 1833, here in a 1918 edition. 8/

North Frisian literature, apart from a few isolated translations, only developed in the 19th century. An important author was Christian Peter Hansen, son of Jap Peter Hansen of Sylt, who published a collection of Sylt sagas and stories called 'Uald' Söld'ring Tialen' in 1858. 7/

The most talented of the three 'Broárren Halbertsma' was the youngest, Eeltsje [1797-1858]. This is his 'Leed in Wille fen Eeltsje Halbertsma in de Flotgaerzen', published in Dinter [Deventer], in 1854. 6/

In the 19th century, West Frisian literature was substantially further developed by the remarkable Halbertsma brothers - Justus, Eeltsje & Tsjalling. The 1871 compilation of their works, 'Rimen en teltsjes' remains a beloved Frisian classic to this day. 5/

West Frisian has by far the most developed literature, in its post-medieval form starting with the 1667 work, 'Friesche rymlerye', by Gysbert Japix, and its successor, Jan Althuysen's 'Friesche rymlery, yn twaa dielen bystaende [...]', published in Leeuwarden in 1755. 4/

The three Frisian language families are not mutually intelligible. Some linguists consider these three varieties, despite their mutual unintelligibility, to be dialects (or dialect families) of a single Frisian language, whereas others consider them to be separate languages. 3/

West Frisian is spoken in the Dutch province of Friesland. North Frisian is spoken in the German district of Nordfriesland in Schleswig-Holstein. The only surviving variant of East Frisian, Sater Frisian, is spoken in Saterland in the Lower Saxon district of Cloppenburg. 2/

When we speak of the "Frisian language", we almost always mean West Frisian - but there are two other Frisian language families, North Frisian & East Frisian. West Frisian has just under half a million speakers, North Frisian has 10000 and East Frisian has about 2000. 1/

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Lameen Souag

@lameensouag

2020年3月29日

Tabelbala, stretching tenuously between the vast sand seas and the barren basalt hills, the only oasis in the northern Sahara whose language - Korandje - comes from sub-Saharan Africa tawərbət "Tabelbala" kʷạṛa n dzyəy "village's language = Korandje"