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was it a common practice to insert a superscript alif before the alif in the early manuscripts?

خالد حسني @khaled@typo.social

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The usuage of superscipt (and subscribt) alif here is different from Cairo Quran, here it denotes a long a or e vowel, not a missing alif (for missing alif it should usually come between two letters not above, or below, a single letter).

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It's very similar to Ottoman practice though, where I would say this is the standard way of doing things. Its the first time I see such a system used in a manuscript written in 'New Style'.

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Incidentally, the subscript alif is also nicely employed to write the ʾimālah of Ḥafṣ' maǧrē-hā (quran.com/10/41/) a place where the Cairo Quran innovates and uses a 'diamond shape' for it. Notice that red marks Šuʿbah's mugřā-hā! gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv

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It's also neat to see how a superscript 'number 2' is used to mark the red here is supposed to denote a separate reading. Also seen in the verse before it. I also love their solution of tanwīn before an ʾalif al-waṣl. Wonder why the Cairo Quran didn't pick that up.

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The nūn (for the tanwīn) with kasra to avoid the consonantic cluster is a brilliant idea

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خالد حسني @khaled@typo.social

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Cairo’s diamond shaped dot is said to be replacing a red circle (they generally avoided colors to simplify the printing process), I guess that is another practice: