Although COVID-19 infections are typically less severe in young adults, that doesn’t mean they aren’t still at risk of complications from COVID-19. For example, around one in 25 adults aged over 16 have reported suffering from long-term COVID-19 symptoms after their first infection. For some, these symptoms lasted for almost two years.

While we are getting closer to understanding some of the genetic and immunological mechanisms that cause long COVID, there’s still a lot we don’t know about the condition – including why people with otherwise mild COVID-19 infections go on to develop long COVID.

We also now know about some of the risk factors that make people more likely to develop long COVID – including suffering from chronic diseases and having an unhealthy lifestyle.

Finance NGO Finanzwende found that DWS invested about 850 million dollars from its “green” funds into fossil fuel companies in 2022, making it a “top tier” fossil fuel investor, while at the same time advertising its funds as a gateway to environmental protection that simultaneously allowed investors to profit financially.

Understanding and patterning the possible causal variables of global warming is attributed to the development of effective prevention and mitigation strategies for climate change. Therefore, we aimed to pattern and visualize the possible causal variables of global warming and measure the causality between them. We patterned and visualized the time series (103 years, from 1918 to 2020) of global surface temperature (GTemp) data with the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, human population (Pop), and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of South Korea using a self-organizing map (SOM) and examined the causable local feature of global warming using the Granger causality (GC) test. The time-series data were trained and mapped in 4 × 4 SOM grids, and causality networks between variables were examined using multivariate Granger test statistics. SOM patterned 103 years of data, and a dominant cluster contained continuous time-series data from 2007 to 2020. Similarly, the CO2 emissions of South Korea were obtained as a predictable unidirectional causal variable for GTemp from GC analysis. Based on data from the past 34 years, significant causality (p-value = 0.01) was observed with the integrated effect of Pop, GDP, and CO2 on GTemp. This study patterned the time-series data using SOM and examined the causal relationship between variables using the GC test. The study framework could be used as a reference by future scholars, ecologists, and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Europe needs to clarify the balance between protection and use Since net zero targets have become a keystone of climate policy, more thought is being given to actively removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere while con­tinu­ing to drastically reduce emissions. The ocean plays a major role in regulating the global climate by absorbing a large proportion of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emis­sions. As the challenges of land-based carbon dioxide removal (CDR) approaches are increasingly recognised, the ocean may become the new “blue” frontier for carbon removal and storage strategies in the EU and beyond. However, the ocean is not an “open frontier”; rather, it is a domain of overlapping and sometimes conflicting rights and obligations. There is a tension between the sovereign right of states to use ocean resources within their exclusive economic zones and the international obli­gation to protect the ocean as a global commons. The EU and its Member States need to clarify the balance between the protection and use paradigms in ocean governance when considering treating the ocean as an enhanced carbon sink or storage site. Facilitating linkages between the ongoing review of the Marine Strategy Framework Directive and the establishment of the Carbon Removal Certification Framework could help pave the way for debate about trade-offs and synergies in marine eco­system protection and use.