The strollers were jostling for space, narrowly missing each other as parents steered them roughly over curbs and pushed them up hills. Despite the fact that Jaffa Road is a main thoroughfare in Jerusalem, with wide sidewalks and no cars, there still didn’t appear to be enough room for them all.
Most of the babies and children were in side-by-side double strollers, passed out under fleece blankets, but plenty were walking beside their parents, or were cuddled up comfortably in a carrier on mom’s chest.
This was during Passover, so Jerusalem was bound to be busy at all hours and full of religious Jews who tend to have many more kids than the average Israeli. But, as it turns out, Israel’s fertility rate is high in general — the highest in the OECD by a wide margin.
Israel’s fertility rate is 2.9, which is nearly double’s Canada’s fertility rate of 1.5. Few other countries in the OECD even reached replacement level fertility. Israel’s fertility rates are more closely aligned with its Middle Eastern neighbours — Jordan, Syria and Egypt — but it’s an outlier among developed countries with advanced economies, educated populations and high female workforce participation.
While you may be tempted to point a finger at religious Jews or Muslims for Israel’s high fertility rate, that doesn’t tell the whole story.
The ultra-orthodox in Israel do have an extremely high fertility rate — over 6.6, but it’s actually declining. And they only account for around 13 per cent of the population. Meanwhile, the Arab fertility rate has dropped to three, from an incredibly high 9.3 in 1960.
The real story here is the high birth rate of traditional and secular Jewish couples in Israel, who make up most of the country. Observant Jews (religious but not ultra-orthodox) have an average of four children, while secular women have an average of two.
When surveyed, Israelis say the ideal family size is three, while in North America, Europe and Australia, the ideal family size is considered to be two. I have lots of friends in Canada who say they want to remain childfree by choice or be “one and done,” but those concepts haven’t yet entered into Israeli discourse.
“Anyone who lives here is expected to have children,” Sigal Gooldin, a Hebrew University sociologist, told the New York Times. “In casual conversation you will be asked how many children you have and if you say one, people will ask why only one, and if you say two, why only two?”
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