BMJ Media Bias

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Correction: Cohort profile of the Sloane Project: methodology for a prospective UK cohort study of >15 000 women with screen-detected non-invasive breast neoplasia

Clements K, Dodwell D, Hilton B, et al. Cohort profile of the Sloane Project: methodology for a prospective UK cohort study of >15 000 women with screen-detected non-invasive breast neoplasia. BMJ Open 2022;12:e061585. doi:10.1136/ bmjopen-2022-061585 This article has been corrected since it was published online. The sentence has been changed from ‘Coding in other linked datasets may be inaccurate leading to overestimation of relative proportion of DCIS recurrences’ to ‘Coding in other linked datasets may be inaccurate leading to overestimation of relative proportion of DCIS recurring as invasive disease compared with recurring as DCIS’ in the Strengths and Limitations box.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Mental health and well-being of unpaid caregivers: a cross-sectional survey protocol

health

Introduction Unpaid caregiving, care provided by family/friends, is a public health issue of increasing importance. COVID-19 worsened the mental health conditions of unpaid caregivers, increasing substance/drug use and early development of chronic disease. The impact of the intersections of race and ethnicity, sex, age and gender along with unpaid care work and caregivers’ health and well-being is unknown. The aim of this study is to describe the inequities of caregiver well-being across the intersections of race and ethnicity, sex, age and gender using a cross-sectional survey design. Methods and analysis We are collaborating with unpaid caregivers and community organisations to recruit a non-probability sample of unpaid caregivers over 18 years of age (n=525).
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

DirEct versus VIdeo LaryngosCopE (DEVICE): protocol and statistical analysis plan for a randomised clinical trial in critically ill adults undergoing emergency tracheal intubation

Introduction Among critically ill patients undergoing orotracheal intubation in the emergency department (ED) or intensive care unit (ICU), failure to visualise the vocal cords and intubate the trachea on the first attempt is associated with an increased risk of complications. Two types of laryngoscopes are commonly available: direct laryngoscopes and video laryngoscopes. For critically ill adults undergoing emergency tracheal intubation, it remains uncertain whether the use of a video laryngoscope increases the incidence of successful intubation on the first attempt compared with the use of a direct laryngoscope. Methods and analysis The DirEct versus VIdeo LaryngosCopE (DEVICE) trial is a prospective, multicentre, non-blinded, randomised trial being conducted in 7 EDs and 10 ICUs in the USA.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Differences in patient characteristics, clinical practice and outcomes of cardiac implantable electric device therapy between Japan and the USA: a cross-sectional study using data from nationally representative administrative databases

Objectives To identify differences in patient characteristics, clinical practice and outcomes of cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) therapy between Japan and the USA. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting Nationally representative administrative databases from Japan and the USA containing hospitalisations with first-time implantations of pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) and cardiac-resynchronisation therapy with or without defibrillators (CRTP/CRTD). Participants Patients hospitalised with first-time implantations of CIEDs. Outcome measures In-hospital mortality, in-hospital complication and 30-day readmission rates. Results Overall, 107 339 (median age 78 (71–84), 48 415 women) and 295 584 (age 76 (67–83), 127 349 women) records with CIED implantations were included from Japan and the USA, respectively.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Examining the immediate and ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on population-based estimates of dementia: a population-based time series analysis in Ontario, Canada

Objectives Population-based chronic disease surveillance systems were likely disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to examine the immediate and ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the claims-based incidence of dementia. Methods We conducted a population-based time series analysis from January 2015 to December 2021 in Ontario, Canada. We calculated the monthly claims-based incidence of dementia using a validated case ascertainment algorithm drawing from routinely collected health administrative data. We used autoregressive linear models to compare the claims-based incidence of dementia during the COVID-19 period (2020–2021) to the expected incidence had the pandemic not occurred, controlling for seasonality and secular trends.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Precision medicine in laryngeal cancer: protocol of the laryngeal cancer cohort (LARCH)

Introduction Laryngeal cancer disproportionately affects socioeconomically disadvantaged patients. Treatment can render a patient nil by mouth or in need of a permanent tracheostomy. In the past 30 years, survival has remained at best static and at worst it has declined. Currently, there is no method of prognosticating how a patient will respond to treatment. The LARyngeal Cancer coHort (LARCH) aims to establish how survival and quality-of-life outcomes compare between surgery and (chemo)radiotherapy in early and advanced laryngeal cancer and how the presenting features of laryngeal cancer influence oncological, functional and quality-of-life outcome. Methods and analysis This study is the first enhanced laryngeal cancer disease cohort.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Factors influencing the integration of planetary health topics into undergraduate medical education in Ireland: a qualitative study of medical educator perspectives

science

Aims Planetary health is a transdisciplinary field that explores the relationship between the escalating climate and environmental crises and human health. In light of the human health cost arising from planetary health issues, there is a need to educate future medical practitioners accordingly. This study investigates the factors influencing the integration of planetary health into undergraduate medical education at an Irish university and makes recommendations for future practice. Methods A qualitative descriptive study design was employed. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted with academic staff actively involved in teaching on the undergraduate medical curriculum at Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland University of Medicine and Health Sciences.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Workplace violence against paramedic personnel: a protocol for a scoping review

science

Introduction There is evidence to suggest that violence against paramedic personnel is increasing. Several authors report adverse effects linked to exposure to workplace violence. There remain gaps in the knowledge related to specific aspects of workplace violence experienced by paramedics in the prehospital setting. Methods and analysis This scoping review will consider evidence relating to workplace violence against paramedic personnel. All types of evidence will be considered, including quantitative and qualitative studies, systematic reviews, opinion papers, grey literature, text and papers as well as unpublished materials. This scoping review will be designed and conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Comparative efficacy for different age groups of psychological or psychosocial treatments on post-traumatic stress disorder: protocol for systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis

science

Introduction It remains unknown whether psychological or psychosocial treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have comparable effects across the life span. This study aims at comparing the effects of psychological/psychosocial treatments for PTSD between different age groups of youth, early-middle adults and late adults. Methods and analysis A systematic search will be conducted among thirteen electronic databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, ERIC, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, the Wanfang database, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP Database) and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, from inception to 15 May 2022.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Relationship between COVID-19 care and burnout among postgraduate clinical residents in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional study

Objective The relationship between the care of patients with COVID-19 and mental health among resident physicians in Japan is imperative for ensuring appropriate care of patients with COVID-19 and should be clarified. We herein assessed the relationship between the care of patients with COVID-19 and mental health among postgraduate year 1 (PGY-1) and PGY-2 resident physicians and factors associated with mental health. Design This nationwide cross-sectional study analysed data obtained using the clinical training environment self-reported questionnaire. Setting An observational study across Japan among resident physicians (PGY-1 and PGY-2) from 583 teaching hospitals. Participants Examinees who took the general medicine in-training examination of academic year 2020.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Identification of patients with type 2 diabetes with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease who are at increased risk of progressing to advanced fibrosis: a cross-sectional study

Introduction Identification of advanced hepatic fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is important as this may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The risk of hepatic fibrosis is especially high among patients with diabetes with NAFLD. Annual screening of patients with diabetes for fatty liver and calculation of Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score and exclusion of significant fibrosis with vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) have been recommended. However, VCTE is expensive and may not be freely available in resource-limited settings. We aim to identify predictors of significant liver fibrosis who are at increased risk of progression to advanced liver fibrosis and to develop a prediction model to prioritise referral of patients with diabetes and NAFLD for VCTE.
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023

Background rate estimations for thrombosis with thrombocytopaenia: challenges in evaluating rare safety signals following vaccination in real time during a pandemic

Objectives During COVID-19 vaccination programmes, new safety signals have emerged for vaccines, including extremely rare cases of thrombosis with thrombocytopaenia syndrome (TTS). Background event rates before and during the pandemic are essential for contextualisation of such infrequent events. In the literature, most studies do not report an overall TTS event rate. Rather, background rates are mainly reported for subtypes of thrombotic/thromboembolic diagnoses included in the TTS clinical definition mostly by anatomical location, with reported rates for TTS subtypes varying widely. The objective of this study was to report prepandemic TTS background event rates in the general population. Methods Prepandemic background TTS rates were generated via secondary data analysis using a cohort design in the IBM Truven ...
BMJ     Jan 14, 2023