What's happening with Russian economy? Logistics market is a good indicator. Consider the freight rates. Since late February they fall by 30-40%. For example, according to the freight exchange ATI.SU rates on Moscow-St Petersburg direction fall by 34,3% (not🧵)
Moscow - St Petersburg highway connects the largest city of the country with its main seaport. It is for Russia what Camino Real (Mexico-Veracruz) was for the Colonial Mexico. With the St Petersburg seaport traffic decreasing almost by half, there's much less to deliver
How much did the freight rates fall across Russia? Estimates vary, plus rates on different directions probably fall unevenly. Most common estimates would vary between 30-40%, with some (Oboz company) giving as low estimates as 25% and some (Deliver company) giving as high as 50%
The fall in the freight rate reflects the general decrease in the interregional trade. There's now much less to ship = the rates are falling. And yet, the actual costs of freight are skyrocketing for the shortage of trucks and spare parts. The cost of the latter increased by 70%
The import dependence of Russian truck companies may look surprising considering that on paper Russia import substituted greatly. Theoretically, most Russian trucks are either Russian (Kamaz, GAZ, ZIL, Ural) or Belarusian-produced (MAZ). Consider the figures for December 2021
In practice Russian car industry is fully import dependent. Consider this interview with a leader of a trade union on the AvtoVAZ automobile manufacturer. All the machine tools, all the instruments, all the equipment is imported. And it is imported *not* from China
Many misunderstand the role of China in the world economy. They confuse it being the largest industrial exporter with being the most important exporter of *everything*. For example it exports far less machine tools than one would expect. Germany is more important in this respect
What information can we draw from the Russian freight market data? First of all, we are seeing as the enormous country is gradually losing its cohesion. Consider that all three means of transport: airways, automobiles and even the railways are heavily import dependent
The situation with freight rates falling by 30-40% and the spare parts prices increasing by 70% is unsustainable especially considering that the average truck in Russia is 21 years old. Very soon communicating or trading with faraway provinces will turn into a major problem
Furthermore, the freight data allows us to track the main smuggling channels that Russia is now using. While demand on most directions is falling there is one direction with a skyrocketing demand (more than +100%). It's Georgia. Ergo, it is the major smuggling channel now
I took the figures on the Russia freight market dynamics from here. Overall, I consider the RBC to be a highly reliable source on the Russian economy. End of not a 🧵 rbc.ru/business/06/06…
I cut the fragment with the AvtoVAZ trade union leader talking on his factory's import dependency from here. You can watch the material in full, it presents the position of workers and trade union leadership. I think it's good
PPS To my best knowledge the most astute, informed and unbiased overviews of Russian economy and its dynamics can be found in Russian Central Bank reports. They are amazing and incredibly informative
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
- What is long, green and smells with sausage?
- Moscow-Tver train
Why? Well, under the USSR provincials had to go shopping to Moscow. Their shops had no food, often very literally. Today we'll learn an expression "supply category"🧵
Under the centrally planned economy it was the state which supplied food to the localities. It would assign each city one of four "supply categories" determining how much food there will be on shelves. Moscow was supplied far better than anyone while cities like Tver - horribly
Provincial Soviet cities of the lower supply categories might have no food on the shelves at all. Sometimes very literally. Sometimes they would have only the scraps from the table of the higher status city: like some algae, or the disgusting paste "Ocean"
I find this line of argumentation illustrative of the general state of Russian discourse, whether "patriotic" or "liberal". Everything Turkic occupies the same place in the Russian debates as everything Irish in the Imperial British. The Inner Other and the source of all the evil
Reading the Russian-Ukrainian debates with both sides accusing each other of racial impurity and having too many Steppe admixtures or influences, I noticed that their argumentation is mirroring each other. See this Russian nationalist material for example sputnikipogrom.com/history/15934/…
This mutuality and almost exact symmetry of Russian-Ukrainian accusations reminds me of a brilliant
thread on the British rule over the Ionian Isles. Bach then the discourse was similar. Brits and Greeks were constantly accusing each other of Irishness
Russian bureaucracy is *massive*. It's also diverse. Judging from my observations, it's less integrated than let's say the apparatus of the U.S. federal bureaucracy. Different agencies have different cultures and operate by different rules. Avoid sweeping generalisations (not🧵)
I see a very common attitude among the Russian pro-war community. It can be summarised this way:
"We expected dumb and incompetent bureaucrats to destroy our economy. But our glorious army would prevail against all odds. It turned out we were wrong. It's the other way around"
Now much of the Z-community argues that they greatly overestimated the Russian army (and the military apparatus). It's very, very much worse than anyone thought before. But they underestimated the economic bureaucracy. Which is very much better than they could have thought
No. Describing Russian regime as "kleptocracy" is misrepresentation. It's not technically false, just absurdly reductionist. Let's be honest, if Putinism was *entirely* about stealing it would not be able to wage wars or produce armaments. And it produces hella lots of them
Keep in mind that public rhetorics work according to the rhetorical logic. Public position doesn't have to be factually accurate, it has to be rhetorically advantageous for it to work. They talk about "corruption" so much because it's rhetorically advantageous. That's it
When you don't have a positive agenda/vision of future or it's too hideous, you talk about "corruption". Examples - Lukashenko or Yeltsin. "Anti-corruption fight" is an ideal topic for a power hungry politician. Because talking about corruption = avoiding the actual conversation
Kremlin may not have a grey cardinal. But it has a bald engineer. The Kinder Egg is a major architect of Putinism. In 1998 he made Putin the FSB Chief. In 2000s he dismantled the regional autonomy imposing the centralised rule. Now he manages Putin's domestic policy and Ukraine🧵
Sergey Kirienko was born as Sergey Israitel in a mixed Russian-Jewish family. After the divorce his mother changed his surname from father's "Israitel" to her own "Kirienko". That could be a pragmatic decision. A boy with a Slavic name would have better career chances in the USSR
In childhood Kirienko lived with his mom in subtropical Sochi. Here he started the bureaucrat career as a Komsomol manager (комсорг) of his high school class. NB: the role of Komsomol in Soviet to post-Soviet transition is underrated. Komsomol management were its main benefactors