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I’ve been watching the right-wing narrative regarding the Jan. 6 insurrection with keen interest, and realizing that the American right again intends to resort to its well-worn “waving the bloody shirt” gambit. A thread about what that will mean. /1/44

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Matt Negrin, HOST OF HARDBALL AT 7PM ON MSNBC

@MattNegrin

· Feb 21, 2021

Turn on the Sunday shows and this is what you get— ABC: The election was stolen NBC: The election was stolen CBS: The election was stolen Fox: The election was stolen

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6:59 AM · Feb 22, 2021Twitter Web App

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We all know the phrase and its meaning: Someone who “waves the bloody shirt” is a demagogue whose rhetoric callously recalls violent incidents for the purpose of scoring cheap political points. /2

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The phrase originated during the Reconstruction era following the Civil War. In the early years, white terrorists from armed paramilitary groups like the Ku Klux Klan roamed the Southern countryside intent on terrorizing black people and anyone assisting them. /3

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Preventing blacks from voting was the primary focus of the terrorists. Their reputation for threatening people at the polls themselves was well established. /4

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During this period, some 3,000 black freedmen would be murdered in the South. The majority were people lethally attacked at their homes—shot through windows and doors, and at other times lynched. /5

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Most of these attacks took place at night. Black people lived in constant fear of having nighttime visitors. /6

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The terrorists’ wrath was also directed at certain white people—namely, Southerners who sympathized with the Union, called “scalawags”; and Northerners who usually came to the postwar South with altruistic intentions but were hated as exploitative “carpetbaggers.” /7

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These are phrases whose meanings remain with us, thanks to their enduring repetition over the decades. You’ll recall how the carpetbagger is the chief villain of “Gone With the Wind.” /8

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In reality, they often were educators who were helping to open schools for black children and promoting literacy in the adult population too. This was seen as a threat to white supremacy and its rule, especially since it enhanced their ability to vote. /9

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Schooling black children threatened to overturn one of the core myths of white supremacists—namely, that blacks were naturally too ignorant and stupid to be teachable, which is why they need to be under the control of their white masters. /10

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So teachers were flogged and lynched, and schoolhouses burned to the ground, as the first wave of terrorism struck the newly freed ex-slave community and their helpers. /11

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Some of the Klan’s most prominent white victims were schoolteachers. However, since they were white, they often were simply flogged or beaten and threatened with lynching. /12

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This is where the phrase “waving the bloody shirt” originates, as explained by historian Stephen Budiansky in his terrific history, “The Bloody Shirt: Terror After Appomatox.” /13

‘The Bloody Shirt’ (Published 2008)

“The terror began almost as soon as the Civil War ended in 1865; it lasted until 1876, when the last of the governments of the Southern states freely elected through universal manhood suffrage was...

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As he explains, the phrase arises from an incident in which 120 night-riding Klansmen descended on a home at which a local school superintendent was spending the night. /14

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According to the legend that then became conventional wisdom in the South, the shirt from Huggins’ beating was delivered to Rep. Benjamin Butler of Massachusetts, who then waved it about as he ranted at length about the evils of the Ku Klux Klan. /15

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But while Butler did deliver such a speech, at no time did he ever wave any bloody shirt in the House. /16

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Nonetheless, the legend became a sneer: If any Northerner should happen to bring up the campaign of lethal terror being waged against blacks in the South in any political context, he would be dismissed as “waving the bloody shirt.” It became a common cartoon trope. /17

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Soon enough, the conventional wisdom became that this very real violence was not the problem, but rather the demagogues who dared reference it, “exploiting” the tragedy for political purposes. /18

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