Taxonomy
Taxonomy in detail
White Shark
Carcharodon carcharias
Citation
Rigby, C.L., Barreto, R., Carlson, J., Fernando, D., Fordham, S., Francis, M.P., Herman, K., Jabado, R.W., Liu, K.M., Lowe, C.G, Marshall, A., Pacoureau, N., Romanov, E., Sherley, R.B. & Winker, H. 2019. Carcharodon carcharias. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T3855A2878674. https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T3855A2878674.en. Downloaded on 19 October 2021.
Last assessed
07 November 2018
Scope of assessment
Global
Population trend
Decreasing
Number of mature individuals
Habitat and ecology
Marine Neritic, Marine Oceanic
Threats
Biological resource use
- Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources
Conservation actions in place
In-place research and monitoring
- Action Recovery Plan : Yes
- Systematic monitoring scheme : Yes
In-place land/water protection
- Conservation sites identified : Yes, over part of range
- Area based regional management plan : No
- Occurs in at least one protected area : Yes
- Invasive species control or prevention : Not Applicable
In-place species management
- Harvest management plan : Yes
- Successfully reintroduced or introduced benignly : No
- Subject to ex-situ conservation : No
In-place education
- Subject to recent education and awareness programmes : Yes
- Included in international legislation : Yes
- Subject to any international management / trade controls : Yes
Conservation actions needed
- Site/area protection
- Species management
- Species recovery
Research needed
- Population size, distribution & trends
- Life history & ecology
- Harvest, use & livelihoods
- Population trends
- Harvest level trends
Assessment Information
Assessment language
English
Date assessed
07 November 2018
Year published
2019
Assessment Information in detail
Geographic Range
Native
Extant (resident)
Albania; Algeria; American Samoa; Angola; Anguilla; Argentina; Australia; Bahamas; Benin; Bermuda; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Saba, Sint Eustatius); Bosnia and Herzegovina; Brazil; Canada; Chile; China; Congo; Cook Islands; Croatia; Cuba; Cyprus; Côte d'Ivoire; Ecuador (Ecuador (mainland), Galápagos); Egypt; Fiji; France (France (mainland)); French Polynesia; Gambia; Ghana; Gibraltar; Greece; Guernsey; Guinea; Guinea-Bissau; Hong Kong; Iran, Islamic Republic of; Iraq; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Japan; Jersey; Kenya; Kiribati; Korea, Democratic People's Republic of; Korea, Republic of; Kuwait; Lebanon; Liberia; Libya; Macao; Madagascar; Malta; Mauritania; Mexico; Monaco; Montenegro; Morocco; Mozambique; Namibia; New Caledonia; New Zealand; Nigeria; Norfolk Island; Panama; Peru; Philippines; Pitcairn; Portugal (Portugal (mainland), Madeira, Azores); Puerto Rico (Puerto Rico (main island)); Russian Federation; Saint Kitts and Nevis; Saint Martin (French part); Saint Pierre and Miquelon; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines; Samoa; Saudi Arabia; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Sint Maarten (Dutch part); Slovenia; Somalia; South Africa; Spain (Spain (mainland)); Sri Lanka; Syrian Arab Republic; Tanzania, United Republic of; Togo; Tokelau; Tunisia; Turkey; United States (Hawaiian Is.); Uruguay; Vanuatu; Viet Nam; Virgin Islands, British; Virgin Islands, U.S.; Western Sahara
Possibly Extant (resident)
Antigua and Barbuda; Aruba; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Barbados; Belize; Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba (Bonaire); British Indian Ocean Territory (Chagos Archipelago); Brunei Darussalam; Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Cameroon; Cayman Islands; Christmas Island; Cocos (Keeling) Islands; Colombia (Colombian Caribbean Is., Colombia (mainland)); Comoros; Costa Rica; Curaçao; Disputed Territory (Spratly Is., Paracel Is.); Djibouti; Dominica; Dominican Republic; El Salvador; Equatorial Guinea (Annobón, Equatorial Guinea (mainland)); Eritrea; Falkland Islands (Malvinas); France (Clipperton I.); French Guiana; Gabon; Grenada; Guadeloupe; Guam; Guatemala; Guyana; Haiti; Honduras; India; Indonesia; Malaysia; Maldives; Marshall Islands; Martinique; Mauritius; Mayotte; Micronesia, Federated States of ; Montserrat; Myanmar; Nauru; Nicaragua; Niue; Northern Mariana Islands; Oman; Pakistan; Palau; Papua New Guinea; Portugal (Selvagens); Puerto Rico (Navassa I.); Qatar; Réunion; Saint Barthélemy; Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Ascension, Saint Helena (main island), Tristan da Cunha); Saint Lucia; Sao Tome and Principe; Singapore; Solomon Islands; Spain (Canary Is.); Sudan; Suriname; Thailand; Timor-Leste; Tonga; Trinidad and Tobago; Turks and Caicos Islands; Tuvalu; United Arab Emirates; United States Minor Outlying Islands (Howland-Baker Is., Johnston I., Midway Is., US Line Is., Wake Is.); Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of; Wallis and Futuna; Yemen
Number of locations
Upper depth limit
0 metres
Lower depth limit
1,200 metres
Geographic Range in detail
Population
Current population trend
Number of mature individuals
Population severely fragmented
Continuing decline of mature individuals
Population in detail
Habitat and Ecology
System
Habitat type
Generation length (years)
53 years
Congregatory
Movement patterns
Continuing decline in area, extent and/or quality of habitat
Habitat and Ecology in detail
Threats
Biological resource use
- Fishing & harvesting aquatic resources
Threats in detail
Use and Trade
Use and Trade in detail
Conservation Actions
In-place research and monitoring
- Action Recovery Plan : Yes
- Systematic monitoring scheme : Yes
In-place land/water protection
- Conservation sites identified : Yes, over part of range
- Area based regional management plan : No
- Occurs in at least one protected area : Yes
- Invasive species control or prevention : Not Applicable
In-place species management
- Harvest management plan : Yes
- Successfully reintroduced or introduced benignly : No
- Subject to ex-situ conservation : No
In-place education
- Subject to recent education and awareness programmes : Yes
- Included in international legislation : Yes
- Subject to any international management / trade controls : Yes
Conservation Actions in detail
Bibliography
Bibliography in detail
Text summary
Text summary in detail
External Data
Images and External Links
Images and External Links in detail
CITES Legislation from Species+
Data Source
The information below is from the Species+ website.
CITES Legislation from Species+ in detail
Studies and Actions from Conservation Evidence
Data Source
The information below is from the Conservation Evidence website.
Studies and Actions from Conservation Evidence in detail