Residential, Commercial and Industrial Electrical Systems: Protection, Testing and Commissioning, Volume 3
ISBN:
9780070620988
Publication Date & Copyright:
2008
McGraw Hill Education (India) Private Limited
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Overview -
Dedication -
Preface -
Acknowledgements -
I Part I: Earthing -
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1 Earthing Systems and Principles 1.1 GENERAL 1.2 UNEARTHED SYSTEM 1.3 SOLIDLY EARTHED SYSTEM 1.4 RESISTANCE EARTHED SYSTEM 1.5 NEUTRAL EARTHING RESISTORS (NER) 1.6 REACTANCE EARTHED SYSTEM 1.7 EARTHING (GROUNDING) TRANSFORMER 1.8 DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER EARTHED SYSTEM 1.9 POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER EARTHED SYSTEM 1.10 SELECTION OF TYPE OF EARTHED SYSTEM 1.11 ELECTROCUTION 1.12 HUMAN BODY AND ELECTRICITY 1.13 SOIL RESISTIVITY 1.14 COMPONENTS OF AN EARTHING SYSTEM 1.15 EARTH ELECTRODES 1.16 EARTH BARS 1.17 SPECIAL UNIT 1.18 EARTH CONDUCTOR 1.19 EARTH CONTINUITY CONDUCTOR (ECC) 1.20 EARTH FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE 1.21 EXAMPLE OF EARTH FAULT LOOP IMPEDANCE CALCULATIONS 1.22 MATERIAL USED IN EARTHING SYSTEMS 1.23 JOINTS
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2 Earthing of Equipment in Distribution System -
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3 Outdoor Switchyard Earthing -
II Part II: Lightning and Over Voltage Protection -
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4 Lightning Protection of Buildings and Structures -
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5 Lightning Protection of Outdoor Switchyard and Lines -
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6 Over Voltage Protection of Equipment -
III Part III: Harmonic and Interference -
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7 Harmonics -
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8 Electromagnetic Interference and Induction -
IV Part IV: Protection Relaying -
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9 Fault Level Calculations -
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10 Protection Relaying -
V Part V: Testing and Handover -
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11 Factory Testing -
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12 Labels and Signs -
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13 Site Testing and Commissioning -
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14 As-Built Documentation and Training
1. Earthing Systems and Principles
1.1. GENERAL
Electrical systems can be divided into two classes:
Unearthed systems—The neutral of the transformers and generators, metal enclosures and supports of the equipment is not connected to earth
Earthed systems—The neutral of the transformers and generators, metal enclosures and supports of the equipment is connected to…