3/2 |
Early | et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-289381/v1 (meta analysis) | meta-analysis | Vitamin C may increase the recovery rate of outpatient cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 70%: reanalysis of the COVID A to Z Randomized Clinical Trial |
| Reanalysis of Thomas et al. showing that vitamin C increased the recovery rate by 70%, p = 0.025. | ||||
2/12 |
Early | et al., JAMA Network Open, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0369 (Peer Reviewed) | recov. time, ↓17.9%, p=0.38 | Effect of High-Dose Zinc and Ascorbic Acid Supplementation vs Usual Care on Symptom Length and Reduction Among Ambulatory Patients With SARS-CoV-2 Infection: The COVID A to Z Randomized Clinical Trial |
| Small 214 low-risk outpatient RCT showing non-statistically significant faster recovery with zinc and with vitamin C. NCT04342728. A secondary analysis concludes that vitamin C increases recovery rate by 71% (p = 0.036) [1]. See also [2]. | ||||
2/1 |
Late | et al., Ann. Palliat. Med., doi:10.21037/apm-20-1387 (Peer Reviewed) | Beneficial aspects of high dose intravenous vitamin C on patients with COVID-19 pneumonia in severe condition: a retrospective case series study | |
| Retrospective case study of 12 severe/critical COVID-19 patients finding that high dose IV vitamin C improved inflammatory response, immune and organ function. There was no control group. | ||||
1/27 |
Late | et al., Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113927 (Peer Reviewed) | Vitamin C supplementation is necessary for patients with coronavirus disease: An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry finding | |
| Prospective study with 31 COVID-19 patients and 60 controls reporting on a new method to assess plasma vitamin C concentrations. Vitamin C was deficient (11.4µmol/l vs. 52µmol/l for healthy controls), and returned to a normal range (76µmo.. | ||||
1/9 |
Late | et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-139942/v1 (Preprint) | death, 0.0%, p=1.00 | Safety and Effectiveness of High-Dose Vitamin C in Patients with COVID-19; A Randomized Controlled open-label Clinical Trial |
| Small late stage RCT for the addition of vitamin C to HCQ and lopinavir/ritonavir, with 30 treatment and 30 control patients, finding a significant reduction in temperature and a significant improvement in oxygenation after 3 days in the .. | ||||
12/7 |
Review | et al., Nutrients, doi:10.3390/nu12123760 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) | review | Vitamin C—An Adjunctive Therapy for Respiratory Infection, Sepsis and COVID-19 |
| Review of vitamin C use for respiratory infections including COVID-19 and the mechanisms of action. Authors note that evidence to date indicates oral vitamin C (2–8 g/day) may reduce the incidence and duration of respiratory infections, a.. | ||||
11/30 |
Late | et al., Cureus 12(11): e11779, doi:10.7759/cureus.11779 (Peer Reviewed) | death, ↓36.4%, p=0.45 | The Role of Vitamin C as Adjuvant Therapy in COVID-19 |
| RCT 150 hospitalized patients in Pakistan showing 26% faster recovery, p < 0.0001. 36% lower mortality, not statistically significant due to the small number of events. Dosage was 50 mg/kg/day of intravenous vitamin C. | ||||
11/3 |
PrEP | et al., PLOS ONE, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0247163 (preprint 11/3) (Peer Reviewed) | cases, ↓9.6%, p=0.58 | Role of ivermectin in the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers in India: A matched case-control study |
| Retrospective matched case-control prophylaxis study for HCQ, ivermectin, and vitamin C with 372 healthcare workers, showing lower COVID-19 incidence for all treatments, with statistical significance reached for ivermectin. HCQ OR 0.56, .. | ||||
9/8 |
Levels | et al., Med. Drug Discov, doi:10.1016/j.medidd.2020.100064 (Peer Reviewed) | Serum Levels of Vitamin C and Vitamin D in a Cohort of Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients of a North American Community Hospital Intensive Care Unit in May 2020: A Pilot Study | |
| Pilot study with 21 ICU patients finding low serum levels of vitamin C and vitamin D in most patients. Older age and low vitamin C level appeared to be co-dependent risk factors for mortality. | ||||
8/26 |
Levels | et al., Critical Care, doi:10.1186/s13054-020-03249-y (Peer Reviewed) | Vitamin C levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome | |
| Small study of 18 COVID-19 ARDS patients showing that vitamin C levels were very low - 17 patients had undetectable levels and one had a low level (2.4 mg/L). | ||||
8/10 |
Late | et al., Research Square, doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-52778/v2 (Preprint) | death, ↓50.0%, p=0.31 | Pilot Trial of High-dose vitamin C in critically ill COVID-19 patients |
| Small RCT for high dose vitamin C for ICU patients showing reduced (but not statistically significant) mortality. Dosage was 12g of vitamin C/50ml every 12 hours for 7 days at a rate of 12ml/hour. | ||||
8/1 |
Late | et al., Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1794819 (Peer Reviewed) | The use of IV vitamin C for patients with COVID-19: a case series | |
| Case study of 17 patients receiving IV vitamin C for COVID-19, finding a significant decrease in inflammatory markers, including ferritin and D-dimer, and a trend to decreasing FiO2 requirements, after vitamin C administration. There was .. | ||||
7/25 |
Review | et al., Nutrition, doi:10.1016/j.nut.2020.110948 (Review) (Peer Reviewed) | review | Vitamin C as prophylaxis and adjunctive medical treatment for COVID-19? |
| Review concluding that there is clear evidence that vitamin C in high doses can reduce interleukin-6 and endothelin-1 mediators. Authors suggest a relatively low dose as prophylaxis, and in cases of severe COVID-19, an (intravenous) high-.. | ||||
5/27 |
In Silico | et al., VirusDisease, doi:10.1007/s13337-020-00643-6 (preprint 5/27) (Peer Reviewed) | In silico virtual screening-based study of nutraceuticals predicts the therapeutic potentials of folic acid and its derivatives against COVID-19 | |
| In Silico analysis finding that magnesium ascorbate, a form of Vitamin C, was found to be the top compound among 106 nutraceuticals for binding to Mpro of SARS-CoV-2. | ||||