exonemo UN-DEAD-LINK INTERNET
exonemo UN-DEAD-LINK INTERNET
exonemo UN-DEAD-LINK INTERNET
UDL Podcast #4 (Guest: Shunya Hagiwara, Tomoya Watanabe)
INTERVIEW
UDL Podcast #3 (Guest: Dirk from JODI) - episode 2
INTERVIEW
UDL Podcast #3 (Guest: Dirk from JODI) - episode 1
INTERVIEW
UDL Podcast #2 (Guest: Gabin Ito)
INTERVIEW
UDL Podcast #1 (Guest: Masanori Mizuno)
ESSAY
exonemo, Internet Art, and the Avant-Garde
INTERVIEW
An Interview with exonemo
UN-DEAD-LINK 2020
Due to the ongoing pandemic of covid-19, exhibitions and art fairs were canceled one after another, and changed over to online viewings.
Realm
“HeK Net Works,” Haus der elektronischen Künste Basel（Online exhibition）
“Stealable Art Exhibition,” same gallery, Tokyo
Protests over the U.S. police killings of black people spread across the nation.
“Fitness Art Club” Roehrs & Boetsch Gallery（Apps）
Sliced (series)
Travis Scott holds a virtual concert in the online game Fortnite.
SpaceX became the first private company to send astronauts to the International Space Station (Dragon 2 in 2020).
Slice of the universe
Photo：Naohiro Utagawa Courtesy by MASAHIRO MAKI GALLERYThe Metropolitan Museum of Art and The J. Paul Getty Museum added a share button to share their collection pieces of art in the life simulation video game Animal Crossing: New Horizons.
“Well Now WTF?” www.wellnow.wtf（Online exhibition）
E-Dictionary (series)
Photo：Naohiro Utagawa Courtesy by MASAHIRO MAKI GALLERYSolo exhibition “Slice of the universe,” MASAHIRO MAKI GALLERY, Tokyo
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic
High-speed WiFi
Photo：Naohiro Utagawa Courtesy by MASAHIRO MAKI GALLERY“Yebisu International Festival for Art & Alternative Visions,” Tokyo Photographic Art Museum, Tokyo
Tokyo Olympics was postponed to 2021.
Britain leaves the EU.
“MATTER MATTERS – New Media, Materiality, and the artworld,” CAN’S Gallery, Jakarta
The number of users of the videotelephony service Zoom surged during the global outbreak of the coronavirus (COVID-19).
Cat and Mouse
“Illuminating Graphics 2,” Creation Gallery G8, Tokyo
Uri Geller promised to stop Brexit by using his supernatural powers.
The Kiss
Click and Hold (series)
Photo by Shintaro Yamanaka (Qsyum!)IBM announced quantum computing system that can operate independently.
“Aichi Triennale,” Aichi Prefectural Museum of Art, Aichi
Kyoto Animation arson attack
“Reincarnation of Media Art,” WRO Art Center, Wroclaw, Poland
“TECH ART FOR COLLECTORS – ARTJAWS SPECIAL GUEST EXHIBITION,” Zürcher Gallery, New York
Post LO
Photo by Shintaro Yamanaka (Qsyum!)Solo exhibition “U & I,” NOWHERE, New York
Global Climate March 2015 began after Swedish schoolgirl Greta Thunberg staged a protest.
“Micro Internet Yami-ichi,” NOWHERE, New York
Dr. Satoshi Nakamura was shot dead in Afghanistan.
Carlos Ghosn fled Japan in a musical instrument case.
0 to 1 / 1 to 0
“a2p”（a2p.bitmark.com）*curated by exonemo.
Co-founder of WikiLeaks Julian Assange was arrested.
Elon Musk broke the window of the CyberTruck during a demo.
Solo exhibition “LO,” WAITINGROOM, Tokyo
“SUNRISE/SUNSET Artport,” Whitney Museum website, New York
“The Invisible Hand,” 4A Centre for Contemporary Asian Art, Sydney
“The Wrong Biennale” thewrong.org（Online exhibition）
To the new era Reiwa.
2019–20 Hong Kong protests.
“MoMAR: Open to the Public,” MoMA (AR space), New York
No ID series
Photo by Shintaro Yamanaka (Qsyum!)Aichi Triennale 2019’s After “Freedom of Expression?” was shut down due to complaints and controversy.
Shotgun Texting (series)
Photo by Shintaro Yamanaka (Qsyum!)“Infinite Object,” New Museum, New York
President Trump became the first president of the United States to step inside North Korea.
“The Life-Cycle of Interfaces,” New Media Artspace gallery, Baruch College Library 1F-4F, New York, USA
“New Japan. Observer Effets,”State Gallery Solyanka, Moscow
“Reincarnation of Media Art,” Yamaguchi Center for Arts and Media [YCAM], Yamaguchi
“Indonesian Netaudio Festival 2018,” Jogja National Museum, Jog Jakarta, Indonesia
17 killed in mass shooting at high school in Florida.
“Ars Electronica in Berlin 2017,” DRIVE. Volkswagen Group Forum, Berlin
First US-North Korea summit meeting.
“Rhizome Net Art Anthology,” Rhizome; New Museum, New York
“Micro Internet Yami-ichi,” NADA Art Fair, New York
I randomly love you / hate you
Photo by Shintaro Yamanaka (Qsyum!)AI-generated portrait at Christie’s sells for $432,500
The Bitcoin crash
“Gradation,” hpgrp gallery, New York
Live Streams
Photo by Shintaro Yamanaka (Qsyum!)“Hello World: for the Post-Human Age,” Art Tower Mito, Ibaraki, Japan
“ICC Open Space 2018: In Transition,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
“NARS Spring Open Studios,” NARS Foundation, New York
“Landscapes: New vision through multiple windows,” Japan Creative Centre, Singapore *directed by exonemo
“The Wrong Biennale” thewrong.org（Online exhibition）*Joined as a council member.
Kiss, or Dual Monitors
“CAPRI BY NIGHT – video screening for the public space,” Schauspiel Köln, Cologne, Germany
EOF (series)
Racial Dice
Yae Akaiwa’s father dies.
“Forever Fornever,” Rhode Island College, Bannister Gallery, Providence, USA
“SIGHT + SOUND 2017,” Internation festival of digital art, Montreal, Canada
“Ars Electronica in Berlin 2017,” DRIVE. Volkswagen Group Forum, Berlin
“Micro Internet Yami-ichi,” NADA Art Fair, New York
The Metropolitan Museum of Art released 375,000 works in their collection under CC0 license.
Nintendo releases Nintendo Switch.
Order for Enforcement of the Payment Services Act (Virtual Currency Law) was passed.
“World Wide Water at event: Friday Late,” Victoria and Albert Museum, London
Donald Trump becomes the president of the United States.
A Sunday afternoon
Global cyberattacks rapidly increase.
ASCII sutra-transcribing
“DA DA * DA! – HACKING ART x LIFE,” Goethe Institute Tokyo, Tokyo
“The Thomas Ruff Exhibition,” The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo, 21st Century Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa.
UK decided to leave the EU by referendum.
“ICC Open Space 2016: Media Concious,” NTT InterCommunication Center, Tokyo
MoMA acquired the first set of Emoji.
Art collective DIS curated the “9th Berlin Biennale.”
Instagram adds Live Streaming capabilities within Instagram Stories.
Pokemon Go was released.
“Internet Bedroom @ Printscreen Festival,” Printscreen Festival, Holon, Israel
Rhizome Webrecorder
“POSTDIGITAL ECOSYSTEMS,” BabyCastles, New York
ArtUpdate (series)
“Single channel: video screening,” Anthology Film Archives, New York
“Eco Expanded City,” WRO Art Center, Wroclaw, Poland
U.S. President Obama visited Hiroshima.
Feed
“Spirit and Digit,” Electro Museum, Moscow
“Digital Illusion,” Senne, Brussels
Bread
“Hybrids: On the borderline between Art and Technology,” Onassis Cultural Centre, Athens
HEAVY BODY PAINT (series)
“Memory Burn,” bitforms gallery, New York
“Elements of Art and Science,” Ars Electronica Center, Linz, Austria
Softbank releases humanoid robot Pepper.
A Small drone lands on the roof of the Japanese PM’s office.
exonemo moves to NY.
“The Vault – Image, perception, the alchemy of light,” ACT Center, Gwangju, Korea
“HOLIDAY BRING YOUR OWN BEAMER,” Reverse, New York
Still Live
“3331 Art fair,” 3331 Arts Chiyoda, Tokyo
“Sayoko Yamaguchi – The Wearist, Clothed in the Future,” Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo, Tokyo
“First Look: Real Live Online,” New Museum, New York
AIBO joint funeral was held at Kofukuji Temple in Chiba Prefecture.
“Refest – Hybrid Performance & New Media Festival,” La MaMa, New York
AlphaGo developed by Google DeepMind became the first computer program which beats a human professional Go player .
Tribute work for Sayoko Yamaguchi
“Ars Electronica Festival: Post City,” Ars Electronica Festival, Linz, Austria
#BCTION #10F
Fireplace
“BCTION,” Demolition Building, Tokyo
Fuji Television Network terminated the TV program Morita Kazuyoshi Hour: Waratte Iitomo! after 32 years and 8,054 episodes.
“ART HACK DAY afterglow,” transmediale, Berlin
“Good Morning Mr. Orwell 2014,” Nam June Paik Art Center, Yongin, Korea
Amazon announced AI assistant Alexa.
Richard Prince’s New Portraits
Rokudenashiko was arrested due to distributing 3D printable data of her own genitals.
“The Cave of Light,” kumagusuku, Kyoto
“DAI-KOJIKI-TEN 大古事記展,” Nara Prefectural Art Museum, Nara
“Sapporo International Art Festival,” Chi-Ka-Ho, Sapporo
Body Paint (series)
“CODE: Language of Our Time,” Knowledge Capital, Grand Front Osaka, Osaka
Solo exhibition “TO THE APES,” ART GALLERY MITSUBISHI ESTATE ARTIUM, Fukuoka
The smartphone ownership rate in Japan exceeded 50%.
Symposium “Internet Art Future
,” NTT InterCommunication Center, Tokyo
Signature [2013, 2020]
Defense Distributed unveils the Liberator, a handgun with all the parts except the firing pin printed out with a 3D printer.
Tokyo was selected to be the host city for the 2020 Olympic and Paralympic Games.
“Better Than Universe,” Daegu Media Art ZKM 2013, Daegu, Korea
Fluttering Frame
“Republic of the Two,” ARKO Art Center, Seoul
PC remote control incident. Police arrested a suspect after four misleading arrests.
Edward Snowden exposes the details of mass surveillance programs ran by the NSA.
Oxford Dictionary of America editorial department selects “selfie” as a verb in the Word of the Year list.
Symposium “What’s internet reality?” NTT InterCommunication Center, Tokyo.
Money Finder
“Money After Money,” Eye Of GYRE, Tokyo
Number of LINE users exceeds ten billion.
“Yebisu International Festival for Art & Alternative Visions 2012,” Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography, Tokyo
Collaboration with Shibuhouse for Video Bomber.
MoMa Architecture and Design announced that video games to enter the MoMA collection.
Oxford Dictionary of America editorial department selects “GIF” as a verb in the Word of the Year list.
“[Internet Art Future] – Reality In Post Intener Era,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
Completion of the Tokyo Skytree.
“Media City Seoul,” Seoul Museum of Art, Seoul
VideoBomber
IDPW was formed.
VideoBomber
2012 London Summer Olympics.
The Arab Spring democracy movement spread across Arab countries in North Africa and the Middle East.
Number of Google users exceeds one billion.
The EyeWalker
NASA ends the Space Shuttle project.
“YCAM LabACT vol.1: The EyeWriter,”Yamaguchi Center for Arts and Media [YCAM], Yamaguchi
The Great East Japan Earthquake, TEPCO Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident.
“Little Tokyo Design Week 2011,” Little Tokyo City, LA
Death of Osama bin Laden.
Death of Steve Jobs.
Digital arts and modern music centre La Gaîté Lyrique opens in Paris.
Criminal code amendment including virus-making crime (commonly known as cyber criminal code) was enacted.
Apple releases iPhone 4S, which includes the AI assistant Siri.
The number of Internet users in the world exceeds two billion, and the number of mobile phone users exceeds five billion.
NHN Japan releases LINE, a freeware app for instant communications.
The end of analog terrestrial television broadcasting.
“Ways of Worldmaking,”The National Museum of Art, Osaka
↑
Microsoft releases game device Kinect for Xbox 360.
Joiner - Collage Camera
Probe Hayabusa returns from asteroid Itokawa and becomes personified.
Apple releases iPad in the U.S.
Number of Skype users exceeds 600 million.
“Exploration in Possible Spaces,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo, Japan
Zachary Lieberman, Theo Watson, Chris Sugrue, and the Free Art & Technology Lab, Graffiti Research Lab, and OpenFrameworks teams developed an open-source eye-tracking system EyeWriter.
Place Mix Camera
Wearable Web
“DesktopBAM,” Live Performance, Transmediale, Berlin
“Random Access,” Nam June Paik Art Center, Seoul
DesktopBAM
“ANTIBOT T-SHIRTS” won the Tokyo TDC Annual Awards RGB Prize.
“Cyber Arts Japan,” Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo, Tokyo
Photo and video-sharing social networking service Instagram service was released.
exonimo’s view-source serialization started in Web Designing magazine.
JAPANESE SUMMER NOISE T-SHIRTS
“Vibrations of Entities,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
Number of Facebook users exceeds 500 million.
WikiLeaks leaks nearly 250,000 cables, including the United States’ diplomatic documents.
“Got exists. ICC Open Space 2009,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
“CODED CULTURES,” freiraum/quartier21, Vienna
exonemo gives birth to a child.
“Between Site & Space,” ARTSPACE, Sydney, Australia
Barack Obama was inaugurated as the President of the U.S..
Satoshi Nakamoto starts operating Bitcoin.
Death of Micheal Jackson.
“eARTS BEYOND,” Oriental Pearl TV Tower, Shanghai
“exonimo’s view-source” serialization starts on Web Designing magazine.
エキソニモのview-source（雑誌連載）
Spiritual Computing (Series)
Supernatural
Sandbox game Minecraft was released.
ICC Metaverse project was lauchned.
A local search-and-discovery SNS Foursquare was launched.
ANTIBOT T-SHIRTS
Satoshi Nakamoto posted a paper on Blockchain and a cryptocurrency Bitcoin.
“LISTE 08 -The Young Art Fair,” Basel, Switzerland
Akihabara massacre took place, and car-free streets in Japan were temporarily shut down. (They re-opened in 2011.)
The Terminal for Pilgrimage - YUDA
“exonemo UN-DEAD-LINK,” [plug.in], Basel, Switzerland
Online storage service Dropbox was released.
DEF-RAG
Marisa Olson coined the term Post-internet art in her interview.
2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.
Google releases the web browser Google Chrome.
“Diorama of the City: Between Site & Space,” Tokyo Wonder Site, Tokyo
Birth of cloned mice from cells cryopreserved for 16 years after death.
“YUDA ART PROJECT,” Yuda hot spring area, YCAM, Yamaguchi
“art-on-a-wire.net “(Online exhibitiion)
Apple launched a digital distribution platform App Store for iPhone, iPad, and iPod.
Nam June Paik Art Center opens in Korea.
“SYNTHETIC TIMES,” National Art Museum of China, Beijing
UN-DEAD-LINK
2008 financial crisis
“My Own Private Reality,” Edith Russ Site for Media Art, Oldenburg, Germany
Object B VS
Live streaming service Ustream was released.
Delusional cosmology of floating toys [in progress]
“Beautiful New World,” Long March Project, Beijing
Google launched Google Street View.
“Beautiful New World,” Guangdong Museum of Art, Guangzhou, China
SUPER DRIVE
The Terminal for Pilgrimage - Nimes
“Pocket Film Festival,” Graduate School of Film and New Media, Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, Yokohama
“DEAF07 : Interact or Die!,” (Dutch Electronic Art Festival [DEAF], Las Palmas, Rotterdam, Nederlands)
“The Power of Expression, JAPAN,” The National Art Center, Tokyo
Crypton Future Media, Inc. releases Hatsune Miku.
La nuit du 1.5
MotherHower
“ICC: Open Space,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo, Japan
Apple releases iPhone.
“L’EXPERIENCE JAPONAISE,” Théâtre de Nîmes etc., Nimes, France
“Lab*Motion,” Tokyo Wonder Site Hongo, Tokyo
Video streaming service Netflix was launched.
“Aoba En-nichi 2,” Sendai mediatheque, Sendai
DanmatsuMouse
Microblogging service Tumblr was released.
A device for pointing at the center of the world
Live performance “EXONEMONSTER,” Centre Pompidou, Paris
“Connecting Worlds,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
“CyberArts 2006,” O.K. Centrum , Linz, Austria
“Cyberlounge,” Museo Tamayo, Mexico City
Social networking service Twitter was launched in the U.S.
Music streaming service Spotify was launched.
“technoPoLitan Museum,” Robot Factory, Osaka
WikiLeaks was launched by Julian Assange for disclosing confidential documents.
Video sharing service Nico Nico Douga was released.
Opposition movement over electrical equipment sale without PSE mark based on the Electrical Appliance and Material Safety Law occurred.
“AIT HOUR MUSEUM,” Panasonic Center TOKYO
The status of Pluto was downgraded to dwarf planet.
Sembo’s father passed away.
Nintendo releases Wii.
Real Space in Veda
Apple releases MacBook.
Object B
Afrika Bambaataa’s Death Mix 2
The Road Movie won Prix Ars Electronica Net Vision Golden Nika, Lintz, Austria.
Number of Second Life users exceeds one million.
“WORLD B: TURN OVER YOUR AWARENESS TO PLAY THE B-SIDE,” Yamaguchi Center for Arts and Media [YCAM], Yamaguchi
TV Animation series The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya starts broadcasting.
“ICC: Open Space 2007,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
“KANDADA,” commandN KANDADA, Tokyo
Zachary Lieberman and others release openFrameworks.
“Art meets Media: adventures in perception,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
Apple releases iPod Shuffle.
Mass information leak due to file sharing software Winny virus.
The Road Movie
“Beijing International New Media Arts Exhibition,” China Millennium Museum, Beijing
EXONEMONSTER
iCuts (iCuts for iPhone [2005])
Dorkbot TΩKYΩ was formed.
Google releases Google Maps and Google Earth.
SHI KA KU NO MU KO U
Outsourcing and joint projects by an unspecified number of people using the Internet are named crowdsourcing.
Microsoft releases Xbox 360.
Meeting Space in Veda
Online video-sharing platform Youtube was released.
“Jakarta Video Festival 2005,” Jakarta, Indonesia
“MobLab,” IAMAS, NTT Intercommunication Center, smt, IMI,YCAM etc., Japan
karadakarada
“EXPO 2005 AICHI JAPAN,” (EXPO Plaza, EXPO Vision, Aichi, Japan)
“Rock the Future,” FACT, Liverpool, UK
The magazine Make was first issued by O’Reilly.
A program bug in World of Warcraft unleashed the Corrupted Blood disease, which spread through the online community much like a real virus in an actual pandemic.
“Reactivity: unpredictable past,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
“SHIDA TEN,” nou LABORATORY, Tokyo
“Navigator,” National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts, Taichung, Taiwan
Japanese SNS mixi and GREE were established.
Valve releases Half-Life 2, a first-person shooter.
Google listed on NASDAQ.
Valve releases Garry’s Mod, a sandbox game using the Source Engine.
“56kTV – bastard channel”（Online exhibition）
Nintendo releases a handheld game console Nintendo DS.
Open-source web browser Firefox 1.0 was released.
2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.
ZZZZZZZZapp
“Mediarena: contemporary art from Japan,” Govett-Brewster Art Gallery, New Plymouth, New Zealand
Developer of P2P file sharing software “Winny” was arrested.( Later, the Supreme Court found innocent.)
REMIXHIBITION =>
“Roppongi Crossing New Visions in Contemporary Japanese Art 2004,” Mori Art Museum, Tokyo, Japan
“SonarSound Extra,” Yebisu Garden Place, Tokyo
Social networking service Facebook was released.
Google announces plans to digitize the book collections of seven U.S. libraries.
Natural Process
“Tokyo Style in Stockholm,” Beckmans School of Design, Stockholm
“n_ext: New Generation of Media Artists,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
Thomas Ruff’s Jpeg series
“Nam June Paik Award 2004,” PhoenixHalle, Dortmund, Germany
Tim O’Reilly proposes Web 2.0.
rgb f__cker
VHSM: Video / Hack / and / Slash / Mixer
Social networking service Myspace was launched.
Apple launches the online digital media store iTunes Store.
Video chat service Skype was released.
Analysis of the human genome information was declared complete.
Apple releases the web browser Safari.
“In Media Sockets,” Yamaguchi Center for Arts and Media, Yamaguchi
“AS” (Online exhibition)
Japan enacted Amendments to the Act on the Protection of Personal Information.
Social networking service Friendster was released.
“new FUNKtion,” Hiroshima City Museum of Contemporary Art, Hiroshima
Yamaguchi Center for Arts and Media[YCAM] opens.
Jitter; video extensions for MAX was released.
The Iraq War began.
HighBall
“Kingdom of piracy,” Ars Electronica, Linz, Austria
“AIT HOUR MUSEUM 2002,” Sakuragawa School, Tokyo
“art.bit collection,” NTT Intercommunication Center, Tokyo
“akihabara TV3,” commandN/□, Tokyo
“program,” Asahi Art Festival, Tokyo
SuperDeluxe opens in Nishiazabu, Tokyo.
2002 FIFA World Cup in Japan and Korea
Blu-ray Disc Founders annouces Blu-ray Disc.
Amazon releases Amazon Web Services(AWS).
Cory Arcangel’s Super Mario Clouds
“Kingdom of piracy,” ISEA, Nagoya
“media message: look thru language,” sendai mediatheque, Sendai
Microsoft releases Xbox.
Casey Reas and Benjamin Fry releases Processing 1.0α.
Apple releases iPod.
Apple releases Mac OS X.
The Whitney Museum of American Art launches the online gallery ARTPORT.
Weblog publishing system MovableType was developed.
September 11 attacks
The online project KOP (Kingdom of Piracy) begins.
Internet Archive releases Wayback Machine.
Microsoft releases Windows XP.
Multilingual online encyclopedia Wikipedia was launched.
G-spam
Bram Cohen develops a communication protocol BitTorrent for peer-to-peer file sharing.
Sendai Mediatheque opens.
“BUZZ CLUB: news from Japan,” P.S.1, NewYork
Major web browser in Chana Baidu was launched.
“EXPO KOBE 2001,” Kobe Port Island, Kobe
Lawrence Lessig founds Creative Commons.
“7th International Istanbul Biennial,” The Imperial Mint, Istanbul
Space in Veda
~TANK
“mediaselect 2000,” Garden Pier/Port of Nagoya, Nagoya
“p0es1s”(Online exhibition)
FragMental Storm series
“Ars Electronica Festival 2000,” Ars Electronica Center, Linz, Austria
TRACK:0
XHTML1.0 was released.
Eva and Franco Mattes’s Life Sharing
Hajime Tachibana releases the i-mode’s first artist channel The END.
Sony Computer Entertainment releases Playstation2.
“mediaselect 2000,” Garden Pier/Port of Nagoya, Nagoya
Outbreak of worm computer virous I LOVE YOU.
“DISCODER” won the Prix Ars Electronica .NET Honorary Mension, Lintz, Austria.
“Spiral Super Sign Project,” SPIRAL, Tokyo
“Through the Looking Glass”(Online exhibition)
“protocollision”(Online exhibition)
FragMental Storm + Third ear
Honda announces a humanoid robot ASIMO.
Mediacity Seoul 2000
Miltos Manetas’s Neen
Douglas Repetto launches the community dorkbot with the motto “People doing strange things with electricity”.
“TECH.POP.JAPAN,” International Film Festival Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherland
2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney
Justin Frankel, Tom Pepper, and others develop the first Gnutella client.
“DISCODER (Installation version),” commandN/□, Tokyo
DISCODER [Installation version]
FragMental Storm + Radio
Peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing internet software Napster was released.
Textboard 2channel was launched.
NTT docomo develops Emoji.
Worldwide online payments system PayPal was released.
(Thought) Lawrence Lessig’s CODE
Sony Computer Entertainment releases AIBO.
Israeli company M-Systems releases USB flash drive.
DISCODER
Rhizome launched online archive The ArtBase.
The Year 2000 (Y2K) problem arises due to concerns about computer malfunctions.
SanDisk, Panasonic and Toshiba announces SD card.
Application software NATO. 0+55+3d was released for realtime video and graphics.
NTT released i-mode.
The ELEKTRA International Digital Art Festival begins in Montreal.
Shiseido launches the net gallery CyGNet.
DUB&PASTE
Alexei Shulgin’s 386 DX
BM394
Lego and MIT released Lego Mindstorms.
Microsoft releases Windows 98.
Walker Art Center opens the online exhibition Beyond Interface.
Kestutis Andrasiunas’s www.o-o.it
Apple releases iMac.
Larry Page and Sergey Brin founded Google.
Electronic robotic toy Furby was released.
Digital library Internet Archive was released.
The United States Congress passes the Copyright Term Extension Act (commonly known as the Mickey Mouse Protection Act).
Not-for-profit art and technology center Eyebeam opens in New York.
Hong Kong returnes to China.
Ben Benjamin’s superbad.com
KAO won Java Conference Grandprix ’97, expression category, awarded Grand prix.
The Kyoto Protocol on the Prevention of Global Warming was adopted.
Steve Jobs returns to Apple.
Pokemon Shock incident: Children watching Pokemon collapsed due to photosensitivity seizures.
Birth of cloned sheep Dolly in Scotland.
NTT Intercommunication Center(ICC) opens.
Cycling ’74 releases MAX／MSP.
Toy mailing application PostPet was released.
ZKM | Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe opens in Karlsruhe, Germany.
I/O/D The Web Stalker
IBM supercomputer Deep Blue defeats world chess champion due to its computer bug.
Walter Gorgosilits+Ulrike Schitter’s turux.org
CAPTCHA (version 1.0) was released.
Alexei Shulgin’s Form Art
1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta.
Cross-platform messenger ICQ was released.
Olia Lialina’s My Boyfriends Came Back From the War
Museum Tinguely opens in Basel, Switzerland.
Number of Pager users exceeded 10,780,000.
Macromedia releases Macromedia Flash 1.0.
Mark Tribe launches the mailing list Rhizome.
Handheld digital pet Tamagotchi was released.
Honda releases a humanoid robots P2.
Sun Microsystems released developing environment “Java”.
Ars Electronica Center opened in Linz, Austria.
exonemo was formed.
Nintendo released Nintendo 64.
Martine Neddam’s MOUCHETTE
Number of online communications’ registrants exceeds 5,730,000.
