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ujiil . I nr I HF NAT I ON A I (iHOCi R V PIJ I ' SnClF.1 1 ! l» i 


FLOP IDA'S MANATEES, 
MERMAIDS IN PERIL 

DANIEL S. HARTMAN 34ft 
JAMES A- SUGAR 

THE FRIENDLY IRISH 

JOHN scon&ft 354 
JAMES A SUGAR 


LONELY CAPE HATTER AS 
BESIEGED 8 Y THE SEA 

Will.! AM S Eli'S 393 
EMORY KRI5TQF 


OKINAWA, THE ISLAND 
WITHOUT A COUNTRY 

JULES 0. SHlAFO 431 






NATIONAL 

GEOGRAPHIC 

SOCIETY 

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NATIONAL. GEOGRAPHIC MAGAZINE 

MilVLLLE ilU aUQSVtH^i 

piTncN-ir-i ^itcF inif liunnl C.lixiir — i_lsi 

MELVIN M. PAtHI. 

t* , ITihV'n 1 III' !*■» Souilh 

FREEFERFCK o V 05 BUHGH, Cihtir 
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fil#- - - — P * r na; E t 


When you go to Europe on TWA, 
well keep you from seeing some of the sights. 


3 here urc some sigh bin Europe ibai 
want a to see. t Jke watching the fekowds lineup 
at the baili On racist touts, you have to play 
cjctra so avoid ^mc thing like that. 

Bun on j rWA Bonn? Adventure Tour, you 
get a lot of esira* without having to pay eitra 
for iheiXL 

**Thc Sccnte' 1 tour will gi ve you s-nnu 1 idea of 
what you can aspect For a.s little- as $362*, you 
getTw^ weeks in i Mj.r-.ipe. InsUttulof ju^i hearing 


a bout London , Amsterdam,, and Pori* t Jttti tin 
it? it All for y i wrwif , 

To find mi! aboiu our tirheT tours ihi\ take 
you, to 15 countries, 5 ?nd For our free Bonus 
Adventure Tour booklet. Then talk it over with 
v uur travel agent. 

V: fW A. we feel that just because you're 
Caking a low priced tour doesn’t mean vnu 

have to rough it. TWA _ 




Dvr people makt* you happy. 
W* make fhem happy. 


Wtii keep y&u from standing wt line at the bath, 
Off ftonii* Adventure ToUP, every rtWrri 

•i tti a pm-titr hath 


ItY 'll from wefflditritty 

fitm- ftp g&t from the nirpurt 
tQ ihr hi>icl. St i matter tvhf?re 

you're going u a Jour Guide wilt 
he there to pick you up 

n haftmatCj. they ipttik 
Ac mmr language 
}OU j7<3. 


HVtf Jtafti vf i n l . , ^i»n 
pay iriy list prim, 
pivt's you ij 

free discount bw&fc 
Thai teUiyou whm 
r- 1 j, r t r : harga\n p/r£Vf 
ell met Europe, 


WV'lJ keep yon f rom , vary mg 
m a hotel that's luatieJ in fJut 
trtiddk of nowhere, t very hotel 
onaMtinm AJverijufti Tump Is close 
to the places you w&ni t&vitis 


EiV f/ http you ftoni walking it r- \ttttl in citthfji 
Ft'/ir?E yon rtWfl twnr ud\ ice on n here fo go 
ami ivJiur to wv *nW u t u mH and w'(i give 
hunt!. 


TWA, Dcpl 341 

R U-Buji 2f r Grim! Central SCiikrfl. 
Now Yapk, RY- JtMJir 

Ple^’ic Msrd iiic ppm fi-et Advemure Tour littnilure 
And mifiutf tocIwiiK my iripi wiiti TWA> Wp i-u wide let Craiiii Cc-d 


Njldic — 

Addrm CJiy. 31*1* — 7ip 

M ■■ - - e* I flgcriJ t* ^ — 

'Inc hid** ! 4.-2 1 ±ny fuaisp InciutnY Tc t .ansativ faLt ssi-ic mw ¥*»» Vo** fros . i ;: 







14 - ye ar-oi i i K ilchcn A scl 
dLvliwasher. No repairs. 


Mr ji. W\fn Kn^icrix 
Orchiud Kn,*r* 

Mai dt n , C ; ■ i mtv[ lcui 


Mis. George Liirbte - 
SO Slcrlmj] \\c. 

Ft, Thomas* 
Kentucky 5§? 






It’s even a little hard for us to believe. 

And were the ones who make KitchenAid dishwasliers. 


So wc cian mnmrr.c how you fed when . i gj tend htirfi chUnordJnniy 

chums, 

Tbo iruLli ii„ gel lois of comments like these from onf 
customers. Unsolicited. 

All we cun lijiun: is thiii sve do make an csuhnordioary dishwasher, 
H;j< we ihniiltl \rV«*rc d i.-i liv. as he r lipcciiilisti, We'v( been m:i kmc 
cornrncfdjJ dishwashers far holds, nrtluurmUs and hospital* for 
over 8W year*, 

So if you wan .1 (fall* usher for yjui home tton mil g>ve you maxi- 
mum jeiiR i>3 service, with mintnuim service problems, iki ;i KitchenAid. 

See yoirr KitchenAid dciiU r soon I lie's listed in the Yellow Pages,! 
Or write for colorful litemtlthf Kite lien Aid Dishwashers, Llepl.SDNG-), 

The Hobart M .mu fact uring ; C Vmipanv. m_£ m — . ■ m *_n 

Trw, Ohio 45H73. 

L >1 s I iWiifl 1 ers j ltd Di ri pu* r> 

Kitchen Aid Jiihw^Lbhfirs- — 20 jrtar* of rciXiJ ttytttfiiy* 








taoMi Ht»i 



GElXTRAPHEG !*' 



r, t i*Th |M|I« " ■!# P, ! P ■ I 



i l~nH : Lllit. IMIr i • f i p- 



Still 
to school 


going 


as LIS ELY as its 

youTijjesi reader. 

:iv welcome .r- aiitvmr- 

aic fricml, the Natjon- 
nt Geogi . l p h i c St hoitl 
Haiti 1 tw this month 
begin* its ^Oth year 
nf puhlittffon Here 
editor Ralph GtHV 
^uts a birthday take 
far Dr- Mfilvk ML 

Payne, President of 
l he Satiety, far right, 

ami Dr. Metafile Bell 
Grakverior; Fditor-jn- 
< hicr 2 mJ 1 hits mum 
id' the Hoard 

Every school week, 
youngster sin $5«Kin- 
Trtes leak forward fo 

receiving the 
Designed e&pticiaJU 
I or l [ 1 1 1 d i d n ami Yp lu k I i n e w i t h 
c olorfu ! phot og rap h b . map s 

and drawings* 3 lie \ h page 

a wtird- winning Hullefin brings 
hoys and girls A\ the (Lucira 
(kill lit faraway people Ltnd 
plr-nze?^ :vs well as ihe e \c he- 
rn ernt of backyard adventure 
The annual suhsYnptiun 
iS2,25 for 30 issues in ihc 
l niicd Stales, £3 dsewhercl 


■ Min. HFiiini fed Mi.FiLhl 1 LLUO t, * jS 3 

is kept far below cost: ihe So- 
ciety nndenvntes the deficit 
Li>. a gift to education Your 
member makes this puy- 
sihtc. I se the Wank hetou 

to iiLinsmatf youi friends to 
■ihare in this work — and in re- 
ceive monlhh visits 3 mm the 
St haol Bulk-tin' y hag brother, 
i lie N atii in \ l G^ogrAfH k 
Magazine itscll 


NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY MEMBERSHIP 


) cALtHDAi tea* i wsmbijssiNip duiUNCkUPi 
' / — 5U&SCSIPTION TO THE NATRONA! Of OOP A PH 1C , 

■ Vui'JiL 1 iliitt Hi ■■ 1 'lltf-i rh^SltillMi'l lift *Wt4jllT 

-. ; , 1.1 i S hdli'l- > 1 ! r 1 . jb) W !i‘J|t Til ■ . in|i| ' . '..l:! 1 III' lTlltTTiaLLCTZLi .1 j i IVl ILM 
snil r i; liner illJl prr r>1iEkl *i, i -m u-r -r mil: Isir I 4 h.i;tH fkS'fiS l.JnU4jllill J i luil^ s 
{&S d S » i r-liiftbU ■ in 111 ritor rnufltltas#! bv N tt Yurkdrujl nr Lnlmu ■ 
li-n-nul miirrt'^ unlur ul duei-i* rbu^iuiifTi f nr inmiUEil'ir siiIih ri'|plinn 

Ti-MONIN Mf WiBpnfiilHlf "S . 1 1 « Who pftiv h'ivff- n 

r in ir >■' *>’T If- N rt i Cl Or; P * J'M ! i I ! « ^rj.Tt vnth it,f Jpl ) 3 1 ' '* m :.LrruE i.f l!w J.ir. 
uj.r - 'i i "i ' i ^ • up., mji ii p "i.' rrgpjr Jl 1 tiriinnu rzirmljm jm!) itdpIvt I li r ■ njicax ! n 
'or "tH isir'mlhi I, Llft'J tliroLulli HbTMiiwr I LrWHl ^ *pfnfEfan ( 

Alrub rlH:mb<lililJn U'llJbe Irriir^Ahk HfiHILilU;. nt\ m i-Lli M nr hiuii. Fur 
94-iriiirBl'N rr>KIfQl>tir^|rip i.hrck liv-rr D icnl rrmrl. Ii:+ L : . S. juii I llvi imlli I in 
Mrrm^. S< L I i| 1'S Ituidji nt pl|uivllIcjiI, iuL L iLUadui, L Amktuili •'U *1-1 1 

I.AU I 5 di i:- j '1 .1 1 !i ! 1 | nr -i'I I hi Sir I ■ « I YpL T ht** t # 1 MJ '■•■ Nn* YwL dtuft 
int^rrvillkwiJl nHIlui fiijp ji r'l! irnwi LiMflual frr 

EJir miT.mtwrih.T|n I-- av.uhiVr Ifl rrpr^Dnj 10 vcrir' tH irr rat ■■!• I<t 
t'fcir InMiar I 1 h- uni I ■ Lj- ^ i u f I hi 1 1 p aftiM t> S FlirirK- , «r r>i.i(|ji'AJIr-nfe fir 

Cilturlfc, ^?in C uutffafl I iriwti SliTiyi (' '■ flfW|Wlli4lf''ll few all nltirrmiin 
Itv«, *• i Ifi Vpw YurU i|nrt (<r iJi'HmaJjnnni* rpmi^ -fntjn - »* 


t/ipidf ^i The- ti-. 

\Dlfiiiiijii i ■efwrjLfjkhac S«n. j pcfj 
Wsahiurr^n. |J t' <1 

i WtlH TO J QW Ihi 1 \ . - T inv ' . - m -ft smn 

!HhnETT Mill rni tiKiP Mi’ iLu^h > 
il- ill in ji 5ff 1. 1 

■scan iSrt £ IS'| L € R i M r P :■ I : .. . 1 '. mil r. 

S tiii r!:i lit i in- fw: i i .a if i vmnftf-ri 

al \tiL ^nct cifC card djEheB 


□ 

□ 


1 NOMENAT1 I.T ill;. m^nrlif^HbE|i Itlr 
cuun^tl ir li ft il'u? - L-p h riicr *hd j f 
iivf 1 1 bi ll i nn ikl nrrmsFvuS min i 



HIM 

MEAtBEk 


MY 


ri.|l|| >H|ui i ^,1 Nil. m. Al J^LT k Mta tr N| UK.. 


#Vf|l ; at PI VT Ml MNIi V.Hi 


JTItl I 


irnm 


ibp inti ii* cmic 


uTi imr ?||» I.f* I 







to the piano. 

t.jsten la trre tone. Its strength, 
Its subtlety. Try a gentle etude, 
Some Raehmamnofi lireworks 
listen to r he crystal clarity pf :\ 
Bach partita. 


1 iiLti s how Yamaha got to be the 
largest piano manufacturer in 

lhewor,1 ‘ «!> YAMAHA 


ii:: <*• i Eii*n>ii ' 


Nnw you know That's how Y amah 3 
won over the aficionados. That's 
why Yamahas are in major uni- 
versities and conservatories across 
the country. That's why 5 Yamaha 
is the olfrcmi psario at the Newport 
Jazz festival 


Ti ■ - j I * 

t listen to 
the salesman. 



Don’t try to 
outsmart your doctor 



when me says 

'Stop climbing stairs!" 

| n 3 t-s I riri f SCH IJ+ I dtttJ if 1 U ™ •JU 

.inrl dtjwn h , yt?Fi d i=.r< ut 

(emrirnlfMietP (pr th-n ftjj-frd and 
hariiif nppe J. C gtji aejQtft ll ITflO 
in J150D lrrl-jJing 1 r. x t . a .1 . 1 1 ■ « :■ ■. in 
rruat lli '.S 3 . Aiqo - 9 uni [Mule Qovrr 
Ha-naLlfT res 1 den co eJej.iEar„ 

1 iE* .L-to t j K ure., 

Qoi&r CorpnratFnn, filter Division 


0«pl *-rH, f 0 Us, : L?r, NMitki. Tins - 51102 


permanent binders for 

NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC 
MAGAZINES 





OJ 


E.lsv. ili-^-voufficEf tiditijing. Iftftv 
fimn% ynifr Niitinp^S t jCD^jnphlf 
nia^ozLiiEi inlet pctmusenl baud- 
wlunH f-nt YPirr hfiTnf 
tEhrary liluKEaruicU litiJiiujL- por- 
UHJ avpilaWe niyJca in delnil!, in- 
iitudin^ Jd^jjgLjoci uf chdutite 
pnt^tiifd lnimiling method 

wmw mnAr ton fm ifTCiAruM 

Tire SUCKER! Loose-Leaf Cover Co. 

15555 WuudfLiv. Wilscm * (letroil Mi Eft. 18233 - US .A 




The computer 
camera. 

tt handles the calculating 
and leaves the creatii iti to \ ou. 



Wtlrfl ier It's -J n i i >tl[ l 1 1 Miiir cirkY' I ll-il -li li-J 1 nirt." 

tri A, picliifps of lavnrrie our icxjr nolii it ill's nr 
Mmfilyr.i#M(on» - buiirrepl.M entile— shrarjM.il the 
kids gnihVkng ufi r the computer camera Tei^ vuu 
r i i.i k r | iti iri-<.$.inriol-qualltv pirture^ without fusj 
orlioth r Its real n rirf i *i * k the Honeywell F^ntut 
Spotirmtic and i T > JO gttbd U A Aniejiras best- 
selling fineotmefic 

Much or the Sprarmanc '*■ njcceu i* dye umes 
uncannily precise fulS-tomraal thrtiugh ifcn- kir* 
exposure % i m r 1 1 1 1 As coo I ly f u rccti ran rtl a * a com - 

pulof, Li jssuh:* ■- ■ i u piciuedy exposed pji/tur t "■ 

under just about any lighting condition yciu il 
ever encounter frHtttftd n\ fiddling with rjiak, 
\ O u W i fv-i t“ i (. i - i « r i £ i ? ti 1 ns U : 1 1 a y (j < i i pit tuft 1 A : U l! 
that 5 what it sail about, ism r \i f 
Lightweight i ompacrL iird ma^ntiu enily 
bulk En give yu u a lifetime erf satisfaction iki- 
su | hit li 3 Brum sim^li ■ li -a i ^ rei lei costs about $M@ 


with a hne lOrnm i I A lens, depending upon 
accessories: other Honr'y^wll PrrtliiA riimitfty 
are pf Iced ficwn about SIGtl Seo tin ruiett 
soon at your dealer s, or men I rh<- * <upm h*r 
Inti? II trial UK' 



Hononud/ f uAt . the gauss i mrk 
out of fin* ' phofognipfn . 


H^nEyw^ll ^ota^mplut tt - 

PQ &n23AU 

Dr-rk'.-'r, C'r rl^riNli i 1NH21 

PI , . ise m- n d 1 n.-e Mj.sr-i y^vuj I r ViiAk It tor j I ut u i □ . 

M-iim-r 

Aridrr-\ » m. .. 

0 ity/ iiaTP /!ip 

_ 1 




Your next Boeing flight 
began billions of 


miles ago. 


A'hpn you Hy d-bu^r j it 7Q7 /2.U, 
fif- <# 7tz vt^ with Boemp it ! - 
-v ci rid j mom ex|>i)rleTiccd bullrfe* 
q-l Hu ll i nr 1 3 Q* i ! 1 ^00 Bo# ir- 4 i t. 1 
fire naw in SfllfViee T ti ra» 1 ir-'cre ihan 
Kmn bfrfMI hyMl by cd tiffler mr.ni,- 
Indfumri c&rnbi"ijd 


•E^ch ■tfT* Seeing mnsjili the 
uhn|Lf¥ t^rieR 1 * q4 7 fe-lher fflitas- of 
0v®tfig iFthn-e fligtiE tmiipeli^fiCB. 

& ; n m nfi r n > a if q d ■ 1 1 d n rd pa* tern gdr 
i^mbrf loc- fiocina 5 imp I leaf jet, 
lbe 727 ho 1 3 Csibiit qj vtfiJe oi 
ih#= tug 707 Jmcifco^lii'icfitol And 


me u c"iTitD'ior?i& [tirljftaT bull 
When .r uMvica ihii svifiirir 

tnei BOpiint? 747 #yill mircduC* 

Tha Spopisus A^e ns ait novated a 




-1 







7 HI 



?iMDD 



/?; 1 ikt 



Vj’tember iq6(j 



• HI *■> ilD 4HP'~‘ : ll* HU 


i.^pHuilil -t mu > m i ■ Mini*. * I . * a *•'_ : I ..ETI «!♦ miT* : < m-i Mi1;r Ml B*f r» ^ LH-liMI I 


The Coming 

Revolution 
in Transportation 

BY FRED R 1C C. APPEL 

Illustrations by National Geographic Photographer 

DEAN CONGER 


W HEN I FIRST SAW SR N4, -Sti! 

Was rest be peacefully on a wide 
■ uptretc ramp ,il the editc nf l hr 
English Channel ul D&vcr. Surely this squat 
1304ML treat uri; Was femminc. for 3 he vl&- 
wr.-.vw.-j ,1 /-..1 1 Rumpled md i" In" 

definitely a skirt 

Walking Inside* t UHik a ^eat Thi door 
clanged 1 1 ■ L 2 1 _ muffled pL^-dubiiiP Limine* 
besrnn to llmib. jnrl I !. 1 l* .idy came Ed life. 

Alt 1 1 res -Lire iruan four great isir^ bitlli.itNier.l 
her limp skirt in Hi n munHcd lulhu--.- Cam 
inn in 4 pa e»jieh ami automobiles, lht 
^R,X- dowly glided down ihc r.unp liut'erfd 
over 1 hr water for a rmMieirt— ami Lheti rat ed 
toward Prime* at a mile n minute [ 

Of nil the ^'ohreto I've ever ridden this 
prnjH’lierHlri ven Hnverrraft ferry las*: irate s- 
mi I be most f following pages) CflW'i 
IjjmI an r I water with eqfcisil east -,u | q k irfced 
on the Cush run of air tbit billows her rubber 
Izetl I’.iUru skirt. Tides. fhiiiiinx duller** and 
Channel ice bother her not M alb for the gJcirfc 
lifts her hull sl-vl-h ftel above the surface. And 
iit Lite eJiil nf her runs she need.-, no cUihomtc 
dork:,, only roUEh-^iiinf i l com: rate tamps 


A> tvu skintmed tilt chappy sen, SK.N4 
m-lietiH as much afl. -ifrUfltr m- n -hip I 11 our 
- .l 1 1 l 1 : . 1 ir i.-tr > -t iwaCdeSaei ptHtBcJeiii 1 - Mk. 
art called utt this Rnitsli craft — patrolled the 
pum trm wine and plumping pitlmv- 
1 1 « r the passengers 

S\i Piih'li, Nn Uni I— Only .t I 1 '. 1 i u L Popping 

1 iv Lin lSci 1 .m in vj XdUo n to \ *41 l ho 1 1 j ht.ry I 
cabin and fell even mure like an airline pas 
sender. Pilot, copilot. Lind radar-niivieutar 
Worked in the mitrume^biied cockpit, and 
the busiest >if ihe ihrut 1 -eiemcd b» be the man 
at the radar ^ rent Travel m.) mile* .an hour 
.L 1 .TOS 1 u busy se-ii iMt, often in log. cuid you 
tic ml .1 rf*dor £4it[ 

Through the big forward window- 1 could 
see endless files of fauo^fi«hfcHd, three Tool 
wavcir marching toward u*. The Hovercraft 
sped over them wilh L'erju <miH>thness No 
rolling on thus ship; No pitching just a faint 
staccato popping smjjrrd fls the front of the 
craft’s bulging -kart slapped the wave hips 
m rapid mccejcsiucL 

In SK N s sjrrnfKiJtzed e!il tcamiporu- 
1 3 n n rev u hit ii ta 1 t hat U e s lh ead n t 1 :- Exc iti n e 

3(JI 




machines? \ vast array hiis already reached 
nr ]■-..* "t-inJ I lac- i:\pi-nmrnl.sl staue 

ft' l i.it art- t 1 j c ^ E Lkv 5 VV I iu ti wiU thr bee o me 

■ - ■ ■- 

cnmn £ m [ ire ? \ n H most i hi i ?n riant— 1 w h \ii 
problems lie between tint tr-.iJVti.--i hoked* 
mo^-^iTOurld tFan.^fM irtatii m sy*utflts 
today and the rill urine sy.sli ms nr the fotun: ? 

fn SeBtftlr nf tht nnsfcefa, E Have jouriicvvrl 
from SeMik to ■'Lurk holm, frotn London u\ 


1 ns InRelf?, unri Hiked with scienti -Ls 

spacers, ari'htlcrfa, b r itnNp«*r t ji i km oifulals, 
iind city planners- 

' f*c £i p le Capsule" Dial Your Destination 

E verywhere ] found - lli.il ll revututioii 
in lrafispprTtupnn bon the way 

The amumahtlc y\fti drive hidny could 
pruliikhE> move at IIP nnU\- rel hour Bui \ ■ mi 


Huff fish, half fowl, Brthiin^ oir-duhiun / j *tn , £*jj .Wn^rih^ mar* Lai L ■ ■ DoveP , if ter rt 
(.'hmind her hfuzk nunp jmuinl lor Fnwf'nnji. Thr Sk \ < — tor Saimiirrs-Ror 

\n. -! — rides M'vm £*d abtive shr water on air blown down war L powerful lino and 
trapped in i rubber t-Lirt British Hovercraft Cofffjortitton. Ltd. ui. ■ ussoi ni- Ihc uriiitmil 
At?? nmke-r, murjq rf ft f turn iht* sliil ^wrl h jhi lEir Li 1r u£ WMl I iv >i are now m htvict with 





average closer u * 10 a? you I ravel ou r 
city streets 

Si irrifiLiiv , perhaps Ln v i^lii lii-utLime, it could 
br like this 

V 03.1 r a i It- low-m! I hr fit* .iL Ui miles ;m 
1 1 1 ' 1 1 it. an l i n£ thr * m " h lb l 1 mi ) rni n n ncw 3 

pipe it while your elcciricnlh powered nir 
follows if:- pfOgTtUiiJnttl mute on lin j auto- 
inatH ¥ Kuldewa\ 

, ■ ■ i 5 


Vcmj leave your t ar at the city’s edge- — a 
parklike dty without Creels — and enter one 
of the small pkLsik IJ (h-opfe capsule^' 1 wuitinu 
nearby. Inside, ; ■ jh dial you r destination -jl a 
swjiipiitt of numbered Imtiuns Then yuu 
_-clde bads to fi n i > h readuiw: yuux unjier 
Smoothly, silently, your capsule accelerates 
M SO mile^ m hour t in irlri I by a distant maf- 
r i 1 r • i inipulftti it dip* down into the network 


I In: SeiUHp«nj 3 HviSson of Etitish Railway*. whi.-kiiib: A3 many n> 2 54 ami <0 aulo 

j[ a mih L 4 mmuk? between Dover ;mct IhmloEnE-sur-MAT in France l. 1 ' nirr iinw 
3.i-r in ^i-ein harbor irnffii ’( the ;, Hrbk tif$i lake^ nfiSy ni m tattle*- — leu than Ml ^ imist 
a> mjuirt'd by cuitvenlionul ferric* The new air-cushion cruft fifes In Lhc vanguard ofes- 
Ellfiji r.Lmrra iiml iznmiepi:- ilia! promise mitn brtlrr way* of imm hm 1 m rhrn- iri fc l 


¥• .! H- - - I' U • • 










SiKUiiiii min j tiiew .sisi\ lli ildinz 
sujwrr^ann J*«t fit* their 

W1ri£* The- Ki'if! - ? i ]■>►.■ r ir 1 1 t'umrorctp 
i*l) I #un(&f ifki wifd Irtf lbs. ftrsi iinir 
u I TcHJiteiiiit, Fram s' . l,i*t Mitre h * 
a hove i D^i-jrii-rl 1 ij rtv the Alkmtic 
Iti three hiiun^ it wilJ * a rrt- jj_- mam 
UI |SsS6tHg*r* 4l speeds up i El J *40© 
n»hr-. rm hour — iMrr fmt a? sound 

The Soviet Union TL 1 1+4 frnike- 
.i, midin^cv flight u4tll ;■ MiG-: I i^urt 
last iJecembet « 1 1 ■ i s i I' he K^^sian 
mpenmte Ifimspnrt and thr Cirti- 

i Iia^irr 1 TQG5ZV5 - imilfll nip-iIaUtiE-. #nd 

vJt icir tVM enLf> itrtn romifwn'iflJ 
sr rvLn^.pcthupS' hv I RviU hiivr 
.1 ilm-iji c .nim| ,i lin-ii thul h'm^A 
Ir^WP I wa r . | : NiihSJy ran InkiMift nn> I 
liituliii^ iu helj? iHli+iAe* ihr runwj> 
In Eh- t.'ti i In. I Ih't'inic lisn^ 

I & '-'l ih.iE witl i :wt\ --m- 





ii i s is nm'l- i j n r Ivt ttlk’ r t ly — tir in ( u £ u he - hj s - 
pended above fcL — luipI take n prtfi i-rk tile I'si^t* 
r>E route Lu your dentin am in 

Not At all Hi ury element of 
ibiLt fantastic peewit mo-vine =iyslezh i.s t il 
ready within ran^e of mir skills, 

( iiMrunt Computtr [ Slue* Order* 

CVin?dder automated riiJ- — -tui rl whim yuu 
do !m,ik ai. the modem auiumoblh Think of 
Ihe rapid im: reuse. In the past dfecmfe. of dev 
i ri i h- rv 1 1 rn re h a^i sii is 01 n mj I " m ■ ■ 1 1 i! e * 1 '■ ■ uvr 
•jeer mu, antiskid puwiei brake*. adjustable 
-'*1 a L-. -lu I n mjii 1 1 dm h 1 ncks s l art 1 1 mat nr hi .ir.f 
liuhi dimmer*, dih-rranii tpMtl governors 
*el f - mj u L atpi E jj r-< i j j ■ diuon i n g. 

Detroit 1 1 L- mi ic r>, id re m h prtf M tr.i 1 1 g for th l 1 
■by yuur vehicle will drive ilsdl nn snrUing 

1 1 Tactical v\\ ic-nem i j itJi the automatii de 

vttiea. on today cars When more dec trie 


device^ Are added and Ehr first compliUvr- 
i. out rolled hEizh wai^ art InnlU the era of the 
■ auturmiEerf ear wd) he here, 

\i the De? aural Motors Technical Center 
near; DrimiC 1 drove a remarkable vchitle it 
l,M wa> the I'mcoaiLrnt Car, one jilep Along the 
wjv to the nLUtonoiCed family ^i-dan. 

En Hie i nr u small krnjh hi'xr ic Hir. j sriii 
I some mu d*b have dual! knuhsi tepUured 
steering wheel, gearshift lever, ncceleramr, 
2i or l brake pedal ipiipr J39). 

Moving that knob, 3 leunieil send- rlet- 
trbnic ml pubes back to a sort, of" baby enm- 
I > liter iai the c art t ru 1 1 k T h e cu m p 1 j t ran - 
Sates those signals into action by activating 
i hi 1 pro|MT servo rtwchuni^m — stfenm; motor, 
power brakes, nr ucreferuttir 

Highway* Hni Take Over thu- Dm tog 
Simple and ingenious, 1 thought, as. I slid 

iriEti lIu 1 driver^ -verd longerly I pushed ihe 

knot fonvanl Somewhere, imseen hide m- 
l>* 1 1 s rvU'H H'il l hr brake and -tupped on the gas. 

Si i far, *i> «!oiKi Now 1 twitched Ehr knob 
to ihc left and very nearly made a J 5 *mile- 
no-hnur Udtumi 

Btu after a few minute* of practice. J found 
lhat the it ran cf control method ready did 
feel romfnrtabty lojrical I ended my halE”- 
h(mr £e*i rh'ivi with j -month slop in irom 
in u I l‘ i h Center of&rt butldinir and hendetl 
■ 1 1 > i i aj 2 to tall i n i Dr. 1 aw rencc K H a&l Ad^ 
Viet 1 President in Charge os Kesearch 
laihiofLitorir- 

The Cm control Car — >i research vehicle 
buik lo test eieo sserv «rfe: v hardssm»> — easy 
io drhe Still, li dues have tu drlvioi. ] 
asked Dr Habiiid about the proposed nuto- 
1 1 1 aiui I h v ul i w ay s I fi at would rrl if vf the f I n\ p e r 
nt .ill re>fHtnsihiliii& t^xcepi thill nE rhoodng 

0 dr.itiration 

■'Mtbcnatoi hk r hwuy> — rn*rini:eTs cull; 

them Kuidrtviiys — are technicalh luasibli’ 
s od ay '' Dr f I . i ad ; tas we red M I n fat l . 1 i en 

1 nt 3 \ h ]rt «i ir-. -l i -E l ill '■ d r m f i n !>l r ;i t > ; d leti 

I'h-i'trniiirally emit fid led ituickiiiis- system 
About l un Yrur.i ,ig** A wire \\*t s eml^rEded 
dm the tplid, and I wo ph kisp roil- wl-tc in 
■-1 bill'd at the fjurtl ol a car lo iu j.'U.Hi- 

Einn m petition to ibat wire The dials stint 
rlcrErji al -;cit2ii'? hi the steering system* I'o 
Iceitp 1 the vehif fe imioETiaiJcaky rm emir$c, 

"Mtirc recaddy, wv tested a system that 
.il'-u i ottirullcEj >parso^ usul dtrteeteil obstiifleA 
h could slow down an overtaking vehicle 
t'vrn <lop eI,l until ihe road Wus clear 1 " 

Other companie> are abo esperimtnting 
-fCpnrifiUff’Ef o?a pujt# JJ W 



Airport of tomorrow 

W 'lTH Till# $£Ut*9 dtt«H id 1 5th millimi Jlif |i,mrinEiT- fcftirifd t*i triple tn a (fetfuk, 
jtl juiTHiT- forest future airport* a- vmt tuilumLiLed cmtipTcxe* inch bh ]iorU4Hcd be re 
bv ititbl Pltnt Mum m cotmiltoiinn unlJl ftafbartl J. iJurlwr, I kiputy A^sjyifinr Stt^feLiir} !■ it 
I'tiLiO .Linj lutmutJohiJ AiLlei-^ in the L>r|Kijrtmirail uf Tnmnpisrt4Tlor> 

Dispfrwrf lm A\‘i\al congest iuii, duas-duiiiEd tiirmirmis rju ipe I hi |n.-rimeu=r of ebt 10 , 000 - 
jjrnr funlitv, |>tu*IJirl runway* permit -Jm«lLineoUb luke-olfo asul landings As «l HuptfM^ut 
rr.uisport scrmuib tn, jumbo je:^ ilfcpfitf mul lu^d tl ikI f him i Inn k rp! 3 1 s^'-Estif !*■- 

I'* tilt rth'hi rtf 3 hr -A.yjiphU'il -uiJig uftfte irrmiiuti ^hdk*r* pjfcsitiiittT wuitinjE un-A-i 
j.i 1 ci Ltutum:iUfd irrki'lititf ut4 ba^ai^i^fTsutEti^r mjajrhinC' i pfttrs SJjv,!} 

park un upper levpb of j fin al trn.H>i- jink (aft w liffci! the nnjj ^rn'i". on a miifc pors ifeir 
v/iPtHAvenjtiilQf shori Lak^-aif und landing) fjl&fte*. WJiL'L-linj; averiwid, ji Sik«iri>k% ^kvcnuii- 

liefcitopikT c&nie^. -i p;iM.n a trailed Jmitifsa m .-4 vnetroporf in the city, left kit-kizrnund Foster 
'■ • -l or. 1 * iliulllr lo iifjifbv iJirap j.T4hF1 * j inM i'vnlvc frnm ihv 1 5H t l-. K 1 1 . 1 wfc,er -Hukleliry 

Hamer pip) it - lie!, LlI.-h^ i .^T % ^rcicuJI y in liltunim Oration -1 Hit- Norfolk Naval Buae in 

Virgittki. SchfiSykti (n heflin service with Ihe Kaiul Air Fore* late ibin ^ anal Limit* r cemsni- 
sratioci by fjjf 0.£ Marine Cnrp^, ihe Hurrjn piei/L* f»tar muries fin ihp fu-K'htige it* up, 
down, bttikwajid^and fVtm sideways — ur %huui fijrw n n,l .it nearly IW 4pr«rl <rf *tHunrj. 

Ai a isyijmji .pi sfoob upriver,, an nir-nish-inri ytbfdt take* tm i.u i^, rami tniina to-Jl in an di om. 
An nuJ.jrmiiefJ hfehway rusk- miffii .lUmg uimpun :r-tdnTrkled rottiid* luhi - tehifk “pw^pk 
cipaulii^ 34 M 1 1 between iermisial- and the 1 ity 

jot 








307 




A tf&in BtfelbL 1 * bv jiL I'M) mile* urt Itvur wftik rice Ji.irvra.Lcr* pto jabciuL their Lime Less ttUik r Fuji's ?no^v 
irreJil hiinp> hku ,i i limil 2ft cmjy U-yonrl ihi^ -ernr i m .f^iari Ni u Tuk^iclp ! Jne T t hi 1 wisrkr* mit-l hiurhly 
40 toitatotJ and jucc^i\|| tntifrrit} rati y^trlii £vfeir> ;0 niihul^ during inonuiu' md evening iu-4t 

M8 






rr?^#r»B* ■■ rin -mjifc- -f: Jj.p i 


hour*, iTHtn* rwir in.m th- lrnnin.il r ti ir > n| j nkyn and Osaka Imfctt with A Ih«n*mm1 e&rh- 

Local*, si^sirntiH til 11 rithp *n Tinsle. run thv Wi-milp chutmi 1r four btium ti|tfe±.w* ^lirmk thir trip 
:drtnj*L to i \itrr On a irtvhl f)d) k early tM* trllf tilt New IViLaiilo mnvird miire llijui JSUM’ n avelersi 


4 






f £*? ?t ti n uni frptn frig r *v t ■? j 
mi] I gLlidett IV ■-. tit Hidti -1, h-tn-, -lie ntrN 

|imVi«r L-irar* from an electric Irau-TTii-rion 
1 1 1 1 1 . 1 built iilIi- tbt ro.tri 3n Milu-T- vehicles 

would simply be carried on & Mgh^pccd coo- 
Tty nr, nr perhaps an a container (.QiiriHiter 
i /i i! gtiklitnre systems vary. Inn, 

“Before the fit si mile of automated Mgb- 
wa_\ Li in&uLkfL" Dr. ■( ^ uni e-ri uiit, 

fcP tvervone will li-iv l* to agree oti just wfeich 

system is to be used. 

F) act l it 1 <!.vr* l mild frilva Smag Problem 

In Innkine at 'he problem of aif )»)jBiiUun+ 
jjr 1 3 .±d‘ -t L-j.1 L t uzi-^vs- tltt' rlii) when ii-->i't- 

undeveloperi batteries will make electrit 
Vehicles feasible, Engineers are striving to 
reduce the pilhtfunt em^um ni loday's t'n 
amt> but the\ the nytiihcr u! ,u|ln- 

inafeife in double w it bin l wo ■ it-* ml± j - 
TurUtte engine-, wf&h buns fuel merer 

efficiently tliiifi do pHlon l- n i>.=- .. sills lie 
an inturrm sl&p 

JJ Hid ftghl now," I Jr rial's t ad namnj&nieck 
’turbine ierhnnlogy i- very young, while ikit 
rmivcnlioEtul engines are very advanced. h 
Wi! I la kv yea r- ft ir t lie In r i j l i le - I n ralch Up” 
Electric cars Ait on tkiu- market today but 
the dmm-* range between battery charges 
tr limited m ,v) miles nr less Some '.uln firm- 
.itf. ev^it 1 rinse tiling wills hybrid dtstik vehi- 
■ ■ 1 u - which use brttteTy-powered motor- in 
town unci tow-isollutant gasoline engine* on 
Lhc highway I page 

Scienl.tsis lire also working hard la improve 
batteries Unc answer mtiv be a ■ inniinn n( 

Mi) 


the fuel cell ihn.1 jmiwits equipment aboard 
hJKm in j 1 1 irili h • - Mil- ffcU&J r.fH — unlike « irr H n E4 fv 
batteries, which just Hare electrical energy 
-omverti fuel directly mlu electricity. 

Almost - 1 j r't: Lv ibi- -I.', wilt conn 1 w lif j i we 
will drive dec me cars an out way into the 
d t y W til w L- 1 1 ri 1 1 - In | n e von m ore ni ih l - 
mart- 1 1 traffic langir^ un l itv virerEx^ 

I Lull'd n i infill tzinz hi 5 uf Ehr aiaswfiT near 
Stin k hi il m + Swv 1 1 r n . bi>t ^utirlmT. uti I stttlDcd 
am ix- a fountain i lotted p3:tza lined with 
Mtlmctivf ■ 'ii ■ c ■ Nil 1 1 n - y r r illi’ in'Mi'nl 
hetL- ; this w l- ,l [i|a?_a \i if - [iffirn- 

elef, beyond the stores, high-ri^ ap,irtment 
buildings HncuJ likL^ ^jiiiinds guard in^: it 
from Lhe uijL^tk world 

3 1 Was a peaceful "people place," and the 
k< ;. tn n> -in'ce^s hv:i- n neCwnrk of tunnels 
bi rkcaiJi it, Down there* irutk- were stipply- 

iri! the viort v with merchandise, tpfl ,s mlIj- 
Wiky ferried people bin k and forth from 
ita-.ii ! iv SpK kIinIm 

Htirubi Beneath Suifiiei: Dufy chr Vu idfur 

' nriL’rgmtjhd hsiihway^P’ i\li^i ir a report a- 
liotii EjqKirbrvt S,sikc*'] tci don't consider thens 
cMr l 1 . iiL^anl .it all, flymn \ Blednie. j.-rin' 
pul engineer of the Hiith U> \ .u\ Ii Hoar 1 1 
ie] Washington, I ' C pointed out to mt that 
inin^poriainm is basically n utility, like sew- 
a an els^LricLts , anrt telephutie service 

'■ Ifuin lowers have gone underground." he 
yaid w E!ectfk llnt*> and te'lqihorue line-, ant 
dninu mi now In the future, surface roads — 
especial h the ones tn downtown dratsHW 
dSt:ip[H?Ar ton, JeUvjfiu thi j turiai-'C tor people ' 





Running a robotized shuttle 

■ N 4 SWEEPING ELECTRON'! S -AGE VUKOJL4MA, liilllLs Lhfker ftloftS ** W-fffOl P**t W 
Tokyfl cnnlrnl renter. revealing ihf ffZttfetfr - nf Xua Tukaiilri Line tralm 

Whii-iinr t*om(iuteTTdplrtJile L-vcr>- jtsrfvalajkJ pJeijarTunTjli^firrinj’ tells until .■■ii.lc trucks 
its imprest!- hlitsk N-lpthb IruiniM onLn^ltr - fuonf a-moltt w\qw wilb owntlfs- 
:iN:tv dink .uitS majul ;iin fiwBntlfltjfhuiif ■ •-ntiiL"! with truth ItiUJi'- U|wrili r {behiwi 
Her r a inform. in eases* ehc throttle for* ard to an dt (ate — iln- <in ly ifulatk o in which 
m:muid tyietiilUHi [iruvcs smoottwr Hum ftutoauiihifL 

In .1 ImfEi’E-': nr haf liibovrf | M J®C ? - - ^ Ih-i’J ijr Lr;i wjlIuHjI i-i.tr j. 1 ' I - xhsshmp. 
while a wall speerloniL-'LFr rt?L-ord> nearly iu|j speed, ltd LsInmeLers — 13U ni I — ■■iiii btflii. 



’ ! I 








p 

| ■'* 





— i 

1 
















r 1i pr fa m ftP 







Unscrambling 

the national traffic jam 

G LLAJiUNti, PDWtRf tlL, Ht. T COLD, QifSr JI1f] iTHfk* tlrtfk Up fiVE 

ahnsasl The nri-ne I? Ln Si LflUfc, Mj^^un, but it uutiUl br Anywhere, 
L[.S V Ty unsiiiiid iudi tJr-ujjs, cnr-LraUiti'ittl ] a* Anpla ; builds khyrin- 
thj M ' ' 'jipLir hs'TTJ ■■ UC h -s> thr ffii i r - 1 k- »tv i ii lwntim n i n IftwCl 11 1 1 1 ■■ b - 1 wri hr- tl-_ 
whirl* links frt.*: Wa^ li-jdmiz in HidlyWfflKl, Ann, iUi 1 1 I he 

harbor Lo& Anur-tes^ tttitaic road-buiJdiJift exertion* have laced the dt\ wii 1 1 
irecwiyi — iiin-il paved il ffiijnh of the siUrbre of rL- downtown ititii 

Sei Ittcredfblv CfiT-orfciilefi ftFr Atrtetfaaiia that I h try "U II a 1 r/itni of UK.!' mil- 
lion itutoi — IhF radt mile of paved roail To cope with the pn>l In-rathm, 
terterad :md stair tfov^rfUDriil 1 , construe! lhr Tntmlnte Hiuhwjiy add- 

in is. 44,500 miles In ji Natiyii whiw pnvinp and rights erf way now occupy m 

mi. . I I I . ib the state of Kentucky Rut new road? often became rioted ihe 

mhUH! they open. nn*i proposed freeways threaten pnrliWb 

fifty rr.slcinlli Sut'ial pljuuurr utow ever more .ipii.illed at I he .101 »> Insatiii- 

blr ik'irLxrul- and lodL.lottgingty Urtwnrd trows -trnngtt i-y-i.'iri!-. 

iti 




3H 


^ationai l toograpJuc* September 1969 


The average ro^l of a ^urfi-icer freeway fn an 
urban arvi* runs about four milJuni dollars a 
mile * Drop -tumid mileage casts, are nmv av- 
L'ni^dnj; about ms veil million Bui Improved 
ittv h s i \vifl mak f l ij utl l 1 1 sic t hva | ie r. w fii ] t 

tund iosL? climb As the two opiKJsini: trend? 
cimtinijej tunnel* wQI become there Lisin d y 
■ lit i iicLLve to tt^WQ.v plairndo 

The 0 £. Departmirnl jsf i-uri .Liuiti, 

rki'ciui^li i.<> Office of Hivdi-^peed Ground 
IranE-porlaticiQ. is fcctVttfti^ilirig new tnnrtil 
i mi methods. Tunnels of 1 1 ■< i ■ future hr 
bored by jeL- of flamt ■ • i tij. i*n?r -vetoriiy jet- 
of water. Chemicals, layer frttaniSit urpbudh'- 
entastd pullet.- of water fired from powerful 
nas gu ns mil y lie u-H m 1 ul through m : ir.-.k 
up ibe rork. 

l/iifieremniJid hisiEnvays are not olccltd by 
^ .dim \ rrt> I h c r [ioi n E l r n de r ur* mnd frc-i: 
wflyn will avoid the bitter dob-ihe* that have 
erupted in many cities over the tiisplacomctti 
uf people by surface cDiLstrudiuii. 

Rf member the people caj^utes that, a few 
j m agn« Were going to thread I he nineie of 
tunnel* beneath the dly and Hike you to your 
rlfatinaltan? More than *0 such syslrnss are 
in Hit devploptneftl itage 
Most of themhaW common charaettiislk*- 
1 hr - :! i I mnrolkii I ■ rn n.Jk 1 tiv a ■ i ,v rr.i 
f iimpuE er Vehicles move at high 5 peed and 
.if dote intervals through a net work of omv 
w sij passaitew ay-„ Must an- ffeiigned Lo i .irn 
small group* of people, affording privacy 

ei|Uiil Eg that of n taxi: 

Compute Eliminate* I lie Buckles* 0rivi?r 

Conhhier the system under study by re- 
^earehers at the DocuftJ Corporation, lust 
mifsidr DnBas, Texas Electrically | lowered 
Cays, eclrli sealing lle -many as sour perbun*, 
Havel on hJiiiei jeil|]li traek-- ’iir-pmled Iceiiii 
iriueciu] arthe? over thf r/ity at threading 
1 hruu^h ttmocK under the jiruurtd 
Passengers board their waiting qsr in a 
spur tunnel, insert _i destination card ill a skit* 
and- relax Tliu car. tlectrunically controlled, 
merges smoothly inici the inilTii speeding 
through the main Lube: luwI l ravels tti iLy 
dejstinalkiu by she most direct route 

N r u„ it hasn't httppc E *Bd ynt V- l write this, 
no city hm. begun construction of i-uiii a 
system But it can be built 

V Sou may S'i.ivv n^iT^ jninri- ahoul mrrt'n- 
den n \i. control of sour vefasrk tn a fuL' ti lew 
cumfuiicr t dirl — until I remeuitKired that ihr 
n am j mter will be controlling the u Liter x ehi'dv^ 


Lb wrfl Tbcrr wSI be m> redder driver to 

swerve Inlii mv lajiv. or duuiiltir i ■ . i_-t on die 

wrong siik af ibe road. Traffic experts ami 
Ej tV- j n !• or an i't- age i it.-- wi II be I j . 1 1 .« py Li • see r b e 
lutpitdictabk- human el^fnetll taken oul "f 

<MLf IriLn^purtiLliiiEi sv-fem 

The e^perb egree nn Ltmiiherin.ini, more 

ilU i-.-rSr -niim l hr |i.<U; |o a -.O' r IN- . i-l 
irarifi-pcirLfltiuti system will be a roekv qtflfe, 

I s.lE uni- ila> in the bnokdined office of Dr. 
I'aul Cherittglon, ui that un u- Professor of 
TraiL jiortatioji nl FLirvAn l and >;r.^e then 
named Assitiafd Str-reijify of IVansfnjrtaiion 
lor Policy aitd 1 1 iter naiional Affairs. Hr ^ave 
me some rather vtuitling sUilblics: 

rt td i hi: t'niu-d Slates, wv havo enotigh raj 1 

^e:L'.- nn the road for ever, man, wcMTtan. and 
child — with i.'niilJgll seillii If-fl owr lo bold ihc 
entire |Kjpulatirm of cuntinenLa] Europr" 

'['ihljiIc t - ■ • Wlicff Iniii 4 ! pcirEnE ion I*.' 

T Jr rravriflgto® pAusitl For a moment, and 
the muted mm oi nsy irofla' drifted in 
through the open Window a* it to unrlei- 
jieure his polat 

B 'ln New \'ork City a (ruck mwe> ill :i 
dower ptfet today than .t hbr^e-draw'n Citrt 
did t if) y^iiirSi agek A taurrli cA downtown Loe 
A ngeJe? is paved f o r the use of autrimobilesL 

,f Vtualh " ht >.au\. 'wv have been operat- 
in*. 1 on \i mi^Lkltcn prtndpk— that the lr;tns- 
Liortminn roLiti^ dif ubi where the pea [fie 
are li > wront: People tcnil : ;:n where the 
trnnsportikiion. is!" 

As an example, be named a. remd dnse to 
ui> bn ms- — Shirle> H Lghuay, feeding > lu:- 
i i a Lj • rlown^nvn WiLthiieglon artr] inlsj the vast 

parking li?ts ol ihv Pehlaitoii- 

SSurlr'. High wax was a terrible old to Ltd, 
with Lrnffic jams every’ day." And then Jb~ 
Cberington gave me a qnii^lcat smile- ""So 
wii.il -lid you dn'- \rru wideised it Lutg ^ix 
L. Li ir I’h ien whal happuoed? Dfvfbju'l&L tm- 
^irueted bigh-riM' aphithienu nil iianf the 
iil'W highway utk] n aw five times as many 
people use (he road Anil whai do you have 
Eudiiy? A six-lane t ruffir jam iiptead of a 
iwn-Unc 1 fiit’lh' pirn People go where the 

briutspnrkation h-" 

FI njtv U tv E w 1 1 1 i l api *n na be- b . * the t rani? - 
problem, lntjvase the catucity nf 
tjue system or reduo the wiulrt: num Lv Many 

' f J. ^ H I M- r I Piiul JnfOa.il wtrfi* rtf lldfr^ 

^tutir lliL'hM. iii Ll i. 3-i. Uniflr^ i $41 NanOk^L 

1 ■ i 1 i>!j Kli'J IK 

^Srr “Tbr Ljumfi Bh-jjfhi I TLsfwnai Ma?Einv 

\A nuS:Aj_ Gl:i]r,jLMrtUC s fj^LtmbiiF |Vfi& 



4 !ihk. mi- •nil ■ ;[■■ • iinniP i'L' 1 ■ ■ 


Airways phuif^r, rE s -_Li i u.f I li rtrr ItoridM W 

Ji.u'jlav EBmpdn* iw Aral lil.LiTL'. the Itttt 

Oi uii-in, w iLh .k ijntw McDonnell 

They keep man 
on the move 

A m:ft][:AS> tsI'tSU mini- cnrfgy and \%cllEi:-i 
,- rir> inmspcrrtadfcflJi than In n I i wlhtJ ftaldr Ips 
Mir i-\ ulutioa ul today'* dkizyine whirl, an tinny nt 
intwvali-!** ds iton : way- ii i Bn k travel lii^3ir • I rain 
red tn Eirecn— n bean U? fin! -sniEElin^ fti*h- limit 
a* well a* to lliu flwk-coiintry tnitd^k 
Hff h ianipliripj nr ihr majiy wti*i wtijU la O 
jtatid man * mobility by jivinu ilirm ^reitier -['t-td 
and nun^r , ii r by On Uiiiiiliiii^ I hr Ifsf&C jam* 

besfttiniE <airn hr mUcrt lie is 



fiithcrnf (Ji-e heiicojileF! Rel^Leip born I ~ c ■ ■ I 
Sikorsky arrivs'd aJninHt a ri the I.-mieM 

.States In 1919 *iiid bulb an aiftrafl ^minnr 



C " i fc > planner \\ illtam I . Tin un.vii]> ,j j nv 

ptrtxfi uiidiitiajrium 1 nJr k'rmmul for 

r"i. fc k--iL?3uni : i.'i£- I Ml Source lu pliirte- 




Tij b e-lrai U des-igllCf JmvLili V Wtftt fll kdiis- 

Ji heati- □ hr.am diivelapuiis n 
torjfetln ’Shrtfttfb n’f^milE-an-liciur .rarrltJ 



Ai r- Lmhiun train t routor Jean IhrLln uf 
t'raui c hsu liiiill ,l woridM p ryU.it ypr rapabJe 
uf 0|» U* . 40 Iti^ill I J Kijit $2. 

ns 





uf 1 hf J*u1 Ivoritk* l IntL-rviewed favor the 
hitler approach 

M The k1l!u.’ p explained and eitv 

ptuj List-i' William Pereira of Los Afi^'les (pft- 
Ceding i> '■ ^hiiritm the? desire lines of 

die ix^file. In other words* lo provide for 
almust all thdr needs in a more i omentrated 
.'irL 1 ,^ mi ili.it (he> I lave I t>s i: i Ea El>S ravel 

uiKshie fheir own uonin mail} 11 

316 


Mr pgltiftt .india I her transportation plan- 
ners contend that a "■ "Ur rfiim are too 

l.ii l 1 lo injjjiftftc — and ilvd. it i from iht-ii 
size ihctt tnurTtc congestion, air polluting bifdi 
crime rates ttnd other so rail ills flow They 
arc enthusiast i> abmtt Stockholm’^ ■ wiUka^ 
plnra M i nm epl They advo< ale urban dis 
persal — breaking am big vities inh< jJiialltr, 
workable units able lo saii.siv within their 



ttSHHtiilg ivum Dfilj r lii - I "ir j Lml'.ILtL 

([H 1 Nuti^oJcMi H^vtiliL-Jcri Min riff fc 

hii’di far runways tu New Vtjfk 1 * jfdin 

|- Kj - n i i Ft I v E nlcrtiMjn Mill A Lrport t below y 
prawra often unitt inlensf iitthk 
krnr^lv** CnnunnTi Jmtrunniii lli^hl 
knk’- Kimhm rnjtftU, whefc ^n-rLii nlli-i % 

h ■ - 1 ihiTc I 3 fc 200 JlJKbfe □ 1 1 .i> imo .iH(J out 
rii I h«- WurLd 1 -. WnTimaJ .inra Be- 

t'rind miLjir i.' ovuulEf, d w all ^rrechi dii* 
[toyn imfik nl New Jcn<yj Nt-wtirk Air 
pi>rt 7 lirfl a nr I _*,n » : r h t-r trfcv * > 4 ■ itiIi i 
view ill Kofiim^' and La Gunntin ftlijr- 

rtJWenenl j>l:me>. irrcsulfiF tinted Tin* > 
trace botdifipr pfkUcinv lot snirked rrali 
UhUikhid t]|c SST era, ji sUEwrMinie 
riiuhi tiirtiulBEiir FMin* inlrits « Boeing** 
S 1 1, 1 1 I ■ t iTittr n.-i!ir St Mir- 'h| ■j'l^ilr \ 
ipctifllbt Mn» (qnltdl i±s a 1110c k mn- 
wi iy ni!rhc “ toward him m a T\ men 




borders mofiA of itii j resident^ dully warti- 

HLiAfeally* 11 Mr. Perajn iiiSd, un - I 

m'K'tts t" -lores* tu schfjuU, lo doctor.^ i.len- 
LIsU, and hii&ptiahs Etfui to tiietr pUir* o( 
wmk Suburban ?Sii>pj>ink» cuntei* *Lre fLlJtnc; 
some of fchir Nnw other ij^Hliita — 

nwthcaJ-art,'* biiLidins^ thc^tcrH f hotels — iire 
being Lidded " 

I ui In \ . wr see that nett fram- 


ing; mis- existence in r he I'niu «L Stale- . I ri 
near WiLshiiii'.tua. D C — at Rtstim.. Virginia, 
ami ui CnliindjjiX Miir> land Mam such 
U>wn> already have iionr up in Ki impin' 

One human need pcw« jl prnhkim U*r 
_il nrniisl alt tii'W hwns gmpfcjQtrirfll Peqftlr 

Uui Mi L 1 \jit‘rinn ul /*ll h tJil i ulitr M*. Mi "AtLflJiU- 
S J ii. estS r^r I'iiy oi tht Sou \ h ' by VV Ilham f* t lln 
rHKMl GEQCKATlIIf hr hru_ir> I -I* 1 ), | « i ■■ !_■ i * J 5il 






must Lnsvfl Hi their piuft nl wurk— ubh'li i- 
iiiit i>rt i j -siril ;■ rM'ir v*i Imn iht'y Itvt 

Dr John Pirn ■■ I-. vi-i i- 1 ■ ■ I 'if ■ fur n| Re- 
vTiirvIl ill Hill? la^hurjiLi^lt-.v, ]li||. 

New Jfcrscy* offered mw Jtin^ ■r.uij^i- iiluLum. 
"T bdieVt ttiuiy work it- of the fututc wi:n. i 
cpmmutt? in work Ttic> w\H tommuni* \*t*' lu 
work Their homes will lit 1 ( rn»fi:N to fJbcir 
office* vht elcctniriir eommutdearfons Ifs en 
1 i tv I y wi t hi n i hi? re.iT m - ng £ ei: h n n 1 1 v$\ ' 1 

I - 1 it thi I huuith, cities nrr -till fern l 

wi L h t I il- [ hr i 'I ili'ii] ipI rn r.i vi i in jiti ml jc r - « » 3 

I -fnp If Miss transit L- an jilmtHf ■ mi versa! 
l>rcjl ilirin in hhjf cities 

••Theft S' i £otf&) J^ti| pa i ciitarhti L To ruluiu 
flits 1 1 Ui>il ■’ * 1 1 1 ITa l j ts * r . | Mr 1 Eh f I - h nf rilU 
Highway Ki'carrli Board " Mi it people* ;d->< 
would rather drive iln-ir cur^ beciuise of the 
i imi.vnu:nce iinri ffexibifity " 

‘the I iUk >i. j ry j ■ ■ m of i hi future* hi- think* 
wrll offer more gating ronm, better lichf.iniL 


mo re Vii nti lat rat l .■ m I m i ■ m 1 i u r-i maf i <r u i i -a n 
1 1’<’ Return ikmon^imiian 5tutlh'*< fmanerri 
h-. tin? he derail \ iuviTnmt'ni pmni the umo 
hi Th?oritt, Llkiifih. i ln^ title mndi- local 

u io|i i In .1 rrfghbor hi no | | Hi [k i a i n uj. pitmen 
liit- ixriu Uc.iL]y it fch- ir duma jithL tarrying 
Them diref[3> to iheir (iIju mi work. The 
commuters paid a monihh rats for ihebiirvlce, 
which in- link'd such I usuries x- ftnirr- ed 
sealB, coffer sinrl dnu^hmiK and The morn few 
[upttr to wad on the wav. 

MtuSrrn M-iddmX Lfimp t.ult-, tp thiv 

In WxduiiEioii, 1 1 i special minibus. 
VJU'li carrying as many as ift [Ktopl'c, tnmy 
through r tit- M reel.? o| (he downtown business 
ilhtrifi, \ i?r a dime feft i |ia*4$ngcr> board 
iuu! tkfian any when- n 3oni r the mi life 
The more perwmali^rd i'nmhitdur service, 
my plantKirs. truly include nnnt-bLfscs pickitui 
up people ;ti the donr Unc proposal mils frir 





As if pulsed fur Jli ttl i C T the Dulles InirfttiiLtuiiiiJ Airport terrnm-i! iik-Lim 1 - bu&idru 187- 
fmi control tmif r .Jh mtlr^ finm nbc Nation t Capital \ liep&irl itse( jet Trails a streak of 
light and hi n habile katfige wilh mmps cjot -thnj^i hifcllo pss-^n^cr*. from T lir- 

Lermmjl toil. A'iiiitbyc pis-ini' Dullest LiU.diLie lounger, i«iu buCthR adapted by other u r 
ports. dlrmnatF pa.-5*i?rvK*r urxlkiru: and espn-suri* hi wcuttLef, anti relieve coiigestkm 
eauserl hy plms i! i,i.^ [in e In Terminal building Id load anil unload Thfmiih -frek and 
* find oles ? DuJir- find' rt itifEkull Us pry Iraiftf Trqffl Wtehlnpt Jn i 'wnlmiftR NtHlfWlul 
Airport, which lie? -- mpd ™\\w etisef tc» the hnirt of thu Captal 


.spi'i iiil ffiHrtl plates, mummy fed t" ;i * infclrii) 
computer iustalled on utility pole> tlinmgh* 
out ji ritH^nb-irliiKMl When -■■uc i * nr rahs & i 
mi-Sat pluic, «1 she computer., u-hiih 

ol'ihvi •■ 1 1 i ■ nr.i :i ,J mini li'i- !-i n k Liaii up. 

Sftl 1 pen pie probably will comllnue to cEiniz 
tn thtir rarb The AtiTiimobi k% with till n- 
1 1 > nan mi ting iaul L- r I m ■ - iffe r i *rs v a« > , . urn ftirt . 
ini I flexibility nf rrink"- 

'TfcjEtr will be a i. until luj iii! 1 1 urn ami to 
drive to work.'" Prufe.wtr (’herinutun told 
me. if attractive tow-to-4 mass-ir-amu 
systems aie offered. People are paying a great 
deal now fur l hi- privilege **f driving to work. 
Thrv will pay a hit nioct m the failure " 
Pwfps^r CEiLrmgti m predict* .1 lnnu r rxut 
far pit when driving m lie city Cores will he 
d Esc tm 1 by res 1 rU' t i vc 1 « ■ w& A! I i ncti mi n g 
.j-.iiomobilps will he charger! very htgli trills, 
hr lielirvtD ■ Srivcn; wiltimtl reserved parkin g 

lil -n:ts will |wiy even md£ Eventually m- 


du-ritiv- may wen prohibit ad parking on i.he 
^tlfclfLfc — a >tep which. In Hie ;i\ i-ksly \mrn- 

I .in city, will triple tin™ vehide-rnovoig 

i .ip.ii Uv 

AWi^nlTH’ly romplrv — and b^Kifd down in 
:Ls own complexity our transportation &y - 
Icm has outgrow n patch work repairs In l')h" 

II n E-V. ^ f j li-f :il l h'] it 1 r \ 1 n r rO 1 1 1 E r :m If ] 0 |i ii 1 14 »n 
WHs creiik d in bring order out of nhutov. and 
\i\iv. S Bciyirl bcCitmt (hr first '-etirLiu\ 
oi 'I’riijisj lurtatioii 

I'OTL'LiihK Mingle I!>'pr jikI f .oitlon 

Secfetary Boyd and I dis- ii^d vehicles mt 
Ehr fuluPG hiHf year, and hr stJUndttE a Wiirpf- 
uig m. ric. hJ Dfirrt forget tlmt future Iiinovatioiis 
in Imn^purtitUui i will have lobe superimposed 
on a system which already exists — a syslrni 
which f-4 bcitig expand em I aikJ Iili i] t fn 

hisL for :i lung lung Lnnc 
Early 1 hr- veat, FreiidenL Nixon* hev 

M9 



D* ■ hoi df u j u mht n: \rrrin j milling . | 11 ■> 1 . i : i .? - 
m Uvenpti, Wri'Ii in^Um. t\\r tiim- 

pony roll* cniL its tlrsi assembly 4i tic model 

nf the WOtM's I arte* l ilorntderonl airliner 
S'IliIkmI fair jervite iiv tluc ctl4 nf tlir ye^r P the 

T ‘17 promises treaurr Kimloft 
uirl m,i> rveiitaiih bring lower fares, 
Slidltb bpr'i-ifier tifc_L 1 1 tadjiy'- MB-ttidf- 
nn-lif mi ii 1 ! -. the ne'fii I'UI ne miljM >t‘.d I *ju 
sdtboii^h rnn-r piirehstsw* plun (iicany 
dUiMJl 5 ?l1. Hhhj; rcrniilnm^ ■sputr VKirionak 
fpt KtjitfmdBii, niJijrrtfi,aj*d 

I hciUrJii. In ih]> i uCAWttY* rftHlWr ai&to_ | ui- 
trsilletj by itririiilHics in red* Mp&imtc i> ■■ 
sUtiug criiie ubftost Faitilloni divide 
Lh-c main ilrck izivitiE l 1 teL-E-ini; cif rrazme'S* 

LjoWrf tcvfl hn|4f ! i . : i Uii.LJ ii! MhJ sjaJL'y. 



Sccfctflr} d" Trftn&jkjrtiitlOTi — John A Vslpe 
— tnresiw a grcuttr |iri ctf t hajiEc 

"Of course, nur bptufieritate problem ^ m 
tTrjjJtimtnt I hi* < run serial ion we have now 
andirLaktt h -.ifer," Si . rvtjify Ytripe -taftl +4 fltil 
3 fed wrfU need wnu- tmtirdv new system* 

— v 

wish in the nest teti rear* 

■' Airport problems are hiirt'ern lisq-. twcm 
hri'mr Hie first jtimhn jcb nnr] 5ST r s go into 
service. Muss tmoHii in meunpobtAti arexi* 
rmid hr intpft}vtd Re-carc h e- >£uiwm}' u* 
1 hill Mu' n . L rr 1 m 1 ! It 1 1" WUJTS to tTUOspOft people 
mi tfia-c short lily trips ihmi Uiv methods 
we'rt now uring- 

N 1n Mii conflated 'Nfiirrheasi i am dor, he- 
Iweeo Wpe-hingtun and Muslim. wt hidi 
speed mil i ran .-ixirtnt ion. train- than cua 
LU'hEciVi: speeds ut" I5Q to 200 miles lie liour." 

Hr imlj^lmI thou^hifulty, thro summed up 
s ho problems 'What we need most is a co» 
qrditmted polity — a bahtrued tritj^Mri^on 
pLatt l hat tun bring Nation efficient f n u- 
nomiuil, Safe Wa>i of inivetinn." 

Tul» Train " Vii^ht OuNpcd tin mid 

The 0^|iartimrnt «J iVmisfmrkiimn i= s'i- 

aancm^ srt'eiuLii uifE fk*vt j |M|HLJi a tit nl whirls 
]il*-i tu LiritfljvLie as pe<iple ciipfaik 1 * One of 
them fa a “tube u fit isu^mkd nnd pan 
pfttleii h\ comprenkd utr. Sunitd>i> it may mar- 
ry iMSii'Pit^Th alone the Nnrtheasi Corridor .tl 
speeds pf 3S0 miles an tiEjn " 1 >nt«;i* E .-tc3-ctni!it 
nin>. ii funceri ab]^ could hei-nmt! ^u]jei>cniii ' 

E ln- inrredtbk ■ r Lu ll tofti il_- -Lienct 1 fiction 
.Lura Jur 3 u l 1 ^Jlcil 1 VJsituil ftevtKSeTut Psjj 1 - 
tGchnic Institute in Troy,, New York. Dr. 
Joseph X hVia, Pnu’tsKSr of \rirm duties ami 
Astro nau sit.— Imrdt> l*. “mar I -arienti>t' type 
— let I Ftir tt iwrr Into l hr wand-tunriel mnm to 
examine .1 mm id >ri 11 4r,ti]u r r new train thol 

320 






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■***■ -^i tM M k 

'■i bJH Tl ., W 


.™ Ti tf 

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^2* ftvS 

J s ■ 1 

r -narf^ir 









►. ■mi HP UMi L=H*I r I i: ■ 


M‘rk*dill| T ., I^nth Else Hiitlein fpC fbc IliJO^lt you dtiiri:. and 4 wniutp d^^MfoT 
thf fiifplAnti Iksthl* I!}*, Inji, ftti Util ttvOM "I I m.khtfed Aarrm/t'- rrrmf icitf'rijcefi i £iinin 
iinu.3iittc. Bhek tqjjins indirar i slides ulrtaiH rcsen ed JJim\ pkifliinic tbr bullion rcfttc^rjit- 
jnLr Ihm 4-Knpfc— *eai M ;i p*ffl*tg£f- insert g rrtdtl card, and imi juipi n iirk^i Sjmil.r 
rfevto W II aftNsd iraflk Ln San FraiHCifcB Kr \tcA Ka^M Tramil whi-n n « ; i*;i: in 

I'ZS 1 ‘>7 - T . Lind Mkjn OHtU fetCOffle i i icnmon [n ticket uELul-? jml nujur mrjKllti ktiks the ccMilinEnt.. 




. , wild baggage routing: Smu 
Thiv r t'htiU ci I Ehffli t - iTiiiched la 
Iuj;le,iL! 4 - revtul Lb mcivemeni 1 * in 
.in miinnvwd hiig^a^c \wum 
devtJoped liy the Ikvfuid C'nr- 

I luralji i m o L 1 Jail j> i> Tea '■■ l r . i y - 

<-to-T“* hugs trtmdir In iwm Ehe 
jilimr flh Lh-esr iiwn eliM'tirii 

uLI ! TK l‘bi~ 1 impt i JupuAurt* red lifcLd 
lil Lie light* i race Ihf- paih? M two 
* _ir-. \ t e itn|j LI tel f i. k u rb *iJ li I i Li i n ■ - 

I lie urkei kJenliRLAiLuib t Fmt i l 
hit lib i In lMi men ,i orcEihir 
bnhlltiiE ,yreti+ llghud .imltt* T» 
n-Lfirve the bup, the owner 3 p- 
s^rts-a Hlujii cheek miu 

jn d^lTiintc srnisrW A 
lew iiL*_ thfc ri^hl i!;il ;ith 1 
lr 10 lire wail m g pn^mp:- — ben? 
i\. 4 Laxly traveler — along n path 
ruiu keil In grtrn. 



ijr .mil his I ra ili iif ftiha/ebb tthf durignitig (pagt .1 1 '■ 

1 Ti- aavr nip 11 quiei sihlltf w hrh 1 a^ktd about the £upw 
.ink £t^|H!cL “We think it has supcrioiic capabilities;* her 
said, “but (hat's fiurihrr inio tilt Ai tills pnmt wt r ll 

r> F 1 e 1 1 r for 4 few hundred utile? nn hour." 

A* . -tared at the mudd — a i 2 -fool 4 i>hg aJummtJPi 
lurptrSi r |L’-inn.ci I to travel IP tin* intuit*! 1 -- ^.OOd-luat lest 
1 ii- tube- In;. ioa described ific full --i train rifbi- 'Imam-. 
It would race through its is^iioi-^ijuju^r nieiqi tube aE 
ftp let an hour with hu^e p rope Huh pumping the air 
h.im the fmnl to the rear o\ the 1 rain 

Wwitltl Ride n IVhlflivitid 

Til e air rush son su spe n n! ci ri wr m !i I m aintru n n largi 
cteartiifcftr between the tram ;md the tube walls Thus a 
relatively inexpensive rraugh- surfaced tube cquld be used- 
Betause of the firfi iii r-i lcnliEdn Mi-,pvn>iniu huimrcr, 
mcfal pfti|ic 1 Jer blade* woplii create cleanin ';* 1 prbJiiern- in 

tbc I ■ . ■ sn Dr l K oa li working on 4 spec ji.il propeller — with 
blades 1 1 f i t impressed njr' 

"The 'blades' <ji ibis pmfHslkr will mEuiiLiin con ran with 
riit' 1 1 itie walls ami still efficiently* he explained 

Mentally I could sev this fr uit of the future speeding 
iiJotie, banking within its tube like a bnh.ded on turn* I - 1 
my Imii^uiaEiun fjiEli d when I tried fa pLi/iure a imnsfn irth 
Hon executive « filing enough in offer to ( 1 llv for a lubo 

train system. 

J mentioned that te Dr Rm. ami my remark earned me 
another grin plus some mlcfe-vting fartj, 

"Train speeds upward of ISO mite* un hour aren't priwti- 
cable +hi ratintin t: iraflt hf -.lmI “ Arj% hl^h-spenl 

fine would have lu be btliJl from scratch — the Japanese did 
it wiun they pm Ln their 1 vniiic un-hnur tM\ lim- Emm 
Tokyo co Osaka .j pages 3084 f | 

■Si.i if % nu are goinjj i»- :-iart irain ilit grijunrl u p* u 1 11 tie 
-ceni hits muny Jidvaiiia^s. A lube trnio pa,s^ing 1 1 ljt ■ ■ u gh 
a city create* tftite nols^. The tube '-an hi" su^£H!iidf?d, buried, 
or even run lhnmu.li I lUililinix.-. Inside the tube you have ft 
caiitrolk'd environment; mainte runic t dujsfe would In- low 
and yEmYc protect ad from lvcather a:id vaudxJL-m 

I le pau?-L:r| a mfimml "Anutlier thing. You liaVe a nut- 
li ml hntkiEig system Ln du- tube When the prcLpulMon utni 
shut all, the ciir flhrifut of ihr train L-ompr^cs and briBu 
fhe vehiclr to ft .'■mtioth slxip. r 

1 .L*kcri Dr Foq about power Wfiai wmild >[dn that ^r 
prnpriStT^ 

n U;is tiirliiru-H wmilsl be Lhe Erst sti?p B ,P fie ^liib '“bed tb tit 
arc \ Ain't (m^ibllLUev fnr | he future Nm.lear pprfe i f for 
exampli A not her in turret mg proitpecs. sugg^ster] by my 
I’uKejgur rtofessar Dean N. Arden is tlie uh: "t the lube ns 
a wavr zuuii' jfer ihc tnuTsixussiiin ui I'nergy so a receiving 
antenna *ui ibe Irani :o power elect ri- motors J " 

Minmxh w-heeb Eivi\ -ccm fdd-fithioned fi^ cm n Irani;- to 
alr^rtiyhlcm ^LLspfiiaion^ three pioon higLi -iwwd trains 
are already rolling no this continent. The U. & X>optirtitaerH 
of Tran^ipori-iiEhirt hdped finance two of them — an 
m tie -in-haw eKpennicnia] unit Bn kin a lkitn.ni and New 
\ *n and .1 UP-mite an hour Eniin be!Wee;i \ew York and 





V/STOL — 



straight up 
and away 

QUOTED PEV OfrELLERS putt (he Beit 
Aeroxyiitetm X-22A onto a runway 
near Niagara both, New York ( below). 
The prop* pivot upward and with 
a roar yank the 1 5, 000- pound plane 
aloft (opposite), A hundred tja rda up f 
they paint ahead again, and the 
experiment at VlSTOL^fo r vertical 
or short take-off and landing.— lea p> 
forward (above). 



nUUSDlKC UPWARD from a postage- 
tffliiip pad and traveling twice as 
fast as a helicopter* the X-22A could link 
HownUncn metro-ports with jet-ug e 
airports, located ever farther into the 
country as they expand in vise and noise. 
.A simitar rule a trails JiJ’OL'j, jd tines 
built for short take-off and landing. 



Propeller hands, nr ducts , nn the 
X-22A increase efficiency by containing 
air at the prop tips; they also are 
circular airfoils that give lift like wings 




* 







NflllonaJ Gcwr^iihiy, Si'pttfmhcr 1^.AJ 


Washjn^tLUt. v, hit h pn.uni.-es to be ti CiMicnutr- 
dal 'Riccciss, And in Canada, ihe ^u-mrlc arv 
hour EUpirlo link;- I nniTito find Montreal, 

I hciu^h I hc&c ipL¥il- sfn no! equal thti&r 
allamed in Japan, .ill thri-r North \nfeffiraa 
trains run on existing track #y items Three 
ty pes oi propubiion iin? brittle iu sed electric 
mntors ltd by a Imiky s-ik rht Nfcw Vwrt 
WiLHhiEi^iiiTii line* a varifitifin of the aircraft 
Jei enjpn* for the Billon nm fuppoittei, Jiirf 
the tfmc-triied ditL^l iti Cniiiidu. 

I i.i flic l.Liiii in thv Ski I Lin Frit'pTf iiFcnn 

\> many n burned airport «nip|fayet L can 
tell yrku f city strait* hilvr no monopoly on 
traffic jams Last month, fur smtaure. f 
fit eaki « t u m<.- t ll l ^k> s n n 6CH. •■ niile .in- h i iu i 
jul airliner only to end up sighing in friistrn 
tlOB white the [done circled u u 5fl m hi leU's, 
Awahuig its turn to land 

Runway-. art bring kttgthcttrd in handle 
the bigger Jets, Still— and ft T s a*- irn- ■ ritlfly ns 
it was when Hying bei^m — only one plane ^iE 
a tknc L\in lund on a rumviih. 

A prolifemling family of aircraft c-dted 
v/siTOi. ffcr vertical ur diurr l-iku nff and 
lamhnei rany be fjctrt of the answer ^uch 
platted can help alleviate aerial traffic janu h - 
tisane separate, charier runway? or smaller 
airports. nearer town, 

Jatk BffiWer o! the NniionoJ VemriBUUcs 
iind Space Administration^ Uffice oi Ad- 
vanced Research and Techhnln^y* defined 
the V/ST0h liin r.i f i for me i 'uqc in which 
a significant increase In lift Is attained during 
1iLkr-METun»l landinn through I hr 1 1 >r nl endue 
power, r. nrtvem lunnl ;u renin. or course, rely 
nn their wmg> for I ill K^rnlutkv. their 
eagirufr provide only frjrwuiH propulsion " 

Ai Edward- Air Force Bus* in C’aJIformm 1 ^ 
Mojave Desert, 1 inspected a busy-khikii - 
trunsp 43 *"! called the XD142. Four rnwia:> 
i urn huge prnpel !*i> ah-ng the stubby iviivg. 

1 *n tflke-offp. the wing — engim--. .mil 4 ill- — tilts 
<k\ ward, i-mdilitiLj ihc XC-I4 1 to lift veriii al- 
ly and hover Thru the wring tilts forward, 
mul horuntiiul di^Sht brgini’- 

\SA officUtls belie vi- chat the tBt^udqg 
offer# greoE. prqunise u, commercial 
^t-r plfLnr operating ilirei Ely frnm f.ldwntown 
v/sfOL ports. 

AunlheJr type uj v/srnL i^et- It- Jifi from 

ilui'tfd inr I led! propellers nioppied on 

each si dt of ilic fij^duge I he prui^lk ^ at§o 
called funs, can be pivoted to provide either 
vertical rSiTii>t nr hnrijMTUat thru 5 *. whilf the 


wtng mmiin- stauntiary |pm*e{Iiki|E pagtf.) 

Like the titt-wing, ducted- pm|ui Her nit- 
crafl car hover m well os move hnrizonta.fi> 1 
rrr VTrtkully Near Niagara FaJfe t New Vork. 
1 tvaidied the Bell Aenosyst^tm X 22 A dem- 
lutst-Trite these talents. over cofTet 1 , red* 

bai red Jsm Q 1 Mai I e v , Bed 's Vr rcunaiitic aJ S\^s 
lems Product Manager, rx plained the dLutnl 
pFoijelhir ■ odvanta^s, 

“Ti - r fans ate quieter than other 1 1 : ri ; : t 
de^HroA 3it^ sinth M ari tmpartaitt fjiiality lyh^n 
you 'rc a perati rue in a do wmo w ft r n vl roti me 1 1 r 
The ducbi nwkr tlitm : liLL quieter And thej 
lii ici'E lii-ck up ll£ much wind Eitt the rumivay ’ 

I hen- in- or her type- . of craft in fhi ver>ci- 
I if e V/srfrtJL fan u h i me i tsc one 5 et of engs rn ■ - 

fur bit and a i lilTerent tet fnr bimoni.d fltazliL 
Others, ^vj u i | i-pRcl witli iui.-i, dtJfcct thrita.»E 
downward for lake-oiY and landiuii. 

v/vroL pianos are used rnorc [End mure it- 
air taxis between icigh boring mgtrtijhiMtiin 
i.drjmrL>. Sonir beldi^ — t+a tiuarcba rn \r'\\ 
SArk and N^itiqda] m Wiisbin^nin, fur e^am- 
fplc — have ?. fieri til ru n ways for rhe craft 

Eh!liei7pteb Leap the VELucrtii 1 

\nrl uf course there t? the helicupler, I hr 
iirtumsif vEfiiriiUy taJenlcfl aircraft Induy n 
'vrvr* ,i fast dowtituwtihto-airpt]|± link an 
such cities a-. New Vurk and Lot Angeles 
"dri the in Lra i it k ete hes . ' Ja*. k B tqw v : \i i 
NASA ip 'Id nic, 'we’re convinced that it Will 
t>c impossible- to bent ihe hotkopto M 
Acknowledged fcl fiii}ier of the helicopter^ is 
Igor Sikorsky ipogc it$% Ht; began hb rv- 
^fimenti around lo ta md finally achieved 
the flr.Hf pracLieal helicopter in 3 930 -“ 

1 htimd iiesi tn him iti the t%7 E^ans All 
Shdi.v. in write Jr two Sikorsky helicopters, land 
I lit-;. In M I Jusl ■ ampleLetJ Thi L ftr-l nnn-rnp 
htflicuptrr ffijsrhl Ucr-n,^ the A dim tit . refuudan^: 
from. nermJ tankers uhie tinka eti route 
V-h tbr two onfl settled on the nihwa> l 
couldn'r keep m_v c\ es off Mr. Sikor>k> . more 
e±uui 5f> >cats an .unatiDn piuNtTr His only 
comment u> \m Watched hh hdicuptm ^el 
another world record: " l Thr Air In ret crewi 
did a winder ful job. dirin'l lhe\'? l! 

Talk tn Icnr Sikor^kj-, a man pjcsl fid. and 
you pet the imprison l hat here es a yi>tmu 
ifiLLfi w iih hi- eye very much nri Ihe future. 

Year* ago — In the laic I -I lurj 
•■hulled wiib him in his "Chi t in Mraifurd. 
tAitioi^'tkijU .iliiiui future applkailrm;- > >i 

^ ' T\\r li5rrfrli.il Ilfiirlr^npirT. 1 E»y 1‘c^Lfj T Whiter 
N M | ON AL ki 1 rnltlAFfl tt A ; -H I V** ' 



1 Tk, 


ii ii T T ■ , 


Yl 1 



5 %. * X "■> J* 

IWL# m fc ^ r [~ J f. 


1 1 k 

Cvl 

V 

Bi^i fit t *Pf * ‘ A _ A4* 

KZ ± si* . 

11 » • ■firi jv ry 

^ v'l 

V 

T t . 


Wftli :■ pit]] jikL .1 | iij k I j in-in il- 

wfir tnrh: 
mdi A TurbriTYnin brwJPtS trimml 
PravKlrni'^Ktj&df WwmI.um Ptnn 
CentraFs 2-iO-frkile run between 
NY* York nti d BknlriEL PiLwn^rei, 
1 1 iMt kmrwmij in the rrju iJurm 1 
f right), enjoy jetliner rkflT wid 
pythi j? .iirnc vie ^ - 3 c? 1 cd a 6 1 7 II 

miles ari Jlollt. tin* tram Loafs j.1 
tall fbaE -.[^n 1 1 n track' btiilr for 
;ti. eurlh f rr;t I he 1 Jt ^urtm^nt of 
TrJlttifniftiUlidfl hclpa Otiiiiicr iJiu 
c.\|>rrimcii]iii I lErbnTmici ami l be 
fftmmmiBlly jiranimn* hig}\- 
ipeC^ eEet Lfk Mdltilirief tidlkiiic: 
Nrw Varit .mrl J) C 













ii\ rout both land .aid WiiEet., (ht .ur rli? limn vrhii .■ - knujr aims?- Itjr 

Wt^rf-Ktrett-n Ns-imar ucaj iJir bcilfw k» L - EHU it - mjruiiarTiLif’} 

m Six staler .*friji§ nairut the riverine tmssi nf Viet Nam for the 

l > Yrra> urn I Niivj lJunnjj -i fi'flefiilh vf-ar-h'inr cKfifrineM in 


Ma^ipler* Ht bt^au w iUi .drcuiiv est^ili- 
I is hurl us r> air-^i rescue, fire fighting, and 
mil run t disks Bui i lit-ri tie moved ofi to idea* 
lIllL m i si l seemed jirf|wi-irrmL- 

Pusei ivid Houses I hut Fly 

Unr n] hi- ideas concerned n kind -pS' bus, 
with detachable Whirl-, h would ftnyel 
ditjy it if dawn I uw&i pi c kin g u p iti r pn&scn pers, 
and drive to ihv heliport There a n m i I il-I i- 
oopler w u li In 3 lift the litis body 0® hs wtwtdh, 
cOity it lo any thcr airport, and fdvrar ii keridy 
onto another tci nf wheels. enabling n Em 
drive off Cc* diitribuU' the pnssengerE. 

iVcposicroiif? The Bur Id Company ^fi'hil- 
.jddptiui hftfi liSrein Fy buili :he vehicle — it 


ir Sky Lounge 1 ' — design a I co be lifted by SF- 
knrsfcv's S?b4 Stycrrot [papers W anti 530). 

During 1 1sm i unversaiion a decade or -m 
ago. lj^o r'r. ideas gj-rw even wilder in the 
lutis Ft, 1 think people will nut eaitutnnrl hiuiM-> 
on lots,." he saM **Hous<$ wail be m uuu fac- 
tum f iri factories. with tut n:i-hinj& appli 
am e- rnrptnnK, and whatever ebe '-mu warn 
pur in. Thi-Ji *■ kn'H'upUT simply bring* t hi*? 
hriuM’ to vtiur lot 

" T 

I : n likely? Kerens ]y a new 34 > 0 -^val m- 
taiinmi wji* transported tr five part- \m 
helicopter. to ll \ew r Jersey moyBlalntop 

Jti i -iLw ,i hid n:oj totutrciL differs 

mdfralh irom that of a mmcriEionnl phi no. 
"whirl} bird" flying tins always liven a spe- 






C"iiU Bay Am lire SK'5 

Ptwvi.'lI it* mettle a- i W if l i! iulu tOuii ^jrfiML 
fri v > 1 1 inject in E i h iwn Entt n S.tn franciaf u, jlu 
ci ty airport, stjtrl i)j(Ujtftd) International Wjmrt 

ciulLred art Hitl aircraft tnmpanje* :irc ei 

wilh -I ItTMuTl, 

the ngid-rntor helicopter 

X AT f * >N A L & KOCJ UA PHI C Staff phoUlRrupl it' r 

Dean l wSbstr phoE&erapta> illiterate 

ilth urtiilc, i limbed aLiu..irii nm ut th^Ej eop- 
ters hist summer. A few minuter lutti r. he was 
aftwrtfcd IQ find him sett' flyinu n 

Pilot in P*»-pn&cr: Tlcre, fmi TjJtf U" 

Hear ii lkwriM?d pilot n! * unvnnlrun.il 
pluhc*. (old rue uboul the flight. “We had 
dim bed only a few feel tip over the mnwtiy 
when 1 3 i e ie*t pilot rai-uahy <_ufi ‘Here* you 
bike it 1 And E flew the thinjt n~ if it were a 

P(pW C nil' <*i\i k tttttl pediil.-’ fUSClCd ! !le Vt.iy 



fc S^CI* *TPif5 ■ « anL“I UK, I i|-x| ■ ’ . nsi4| * - « 


Sm$ on ffntjlf mil. an Aerntmin, creation of 
Krem h jQVrnlor k,n B^mim i+itir *131, wbir^ >in a 
3 e - 1 imek neur PartL Blowers Ei f L it ^'JK-inriuiEF tin l- 
enn-tretc Erack. -1 pmpHleT tytlLU it 

they wuuld in li stand tml pi uric even 1 hough 

i hi*-, o kr<1 u j « ! i ■ u h rrl iriu: I ■ 1 .u les i n- 

’.ttiitd of liiminl control surface*. 

v. -ruL aircraft iinrl helicopter? probably 
will br able In c-s^e flu: aerial tttiffii j&nw — 
attd leap over the surface traffic that creeps 
between most city airports and downtown 
linn-h- (ftp, w hm will solve the jam ih^i will 
iifcirr inside the i emu rials when jumbo jets 
he jin l Ik* ft ->r hetlitled 
Bagga^v i- tin major |irnJj|ei!. I>- -Ihoi 
ride from, t be 11117 1 1 ant* carfc the 

trip ut" .ill in hh impatient passi-nswr 

One sofLiEion may he in an jiutriragted sy*- 
r 1 ■ .rti developed In t ti t ■ Ihn urcl l ‘nrpOTalJun 
\wline- arc cnnsidmnjz it far insulin l inn 






Mil L--J n tig c'lilury^r for it tm w hi: tK h a “iijiij 
train" nf Liar Ai hi.wsrt* Topt-kit, ;tniL ivirnti l;c 
Hrw nimhJe ncrasi northern New VTexii. 1.1 Is 
■-h Lit 1 1 1 ". Sv4M0 Nflfl* i! ‘i 1 jlI fmjx day* 

from New MesiciiN Vnrk t jnyran l^r^n ty 
mills of Kaiser Steel in Foiti»nd, CitlifamLa— □ 
round trip mdo TbtHi^li unit sraiEi- 

1 ravel :■ m pi V half the Limt. I'-ffiditiii I'niihnj, 
;im\ tan(niulm^ jnil coasiflni n| r:n mn cu,t 
£ nsUM>firjirrmUi^llv that rail fusii J - jriirreiiiiTiijh 
lum L<? -ucri] “trains with j uruMnn k mmii ‘ 



C,rji>Hhnpps»T on Ihr jmnp. ii Slkor^.;. 

i ristn* hauh I pMUJitfo til | lltL*- Iit .in rnl 

fits; "J2T IjJlii.'itrin.L t Lipiifoli- of i ..rrv'jlij. iH fiiii 
bp ds as Uh mil an li i iu i\ versa i i Et ^1 kvcruu^ 

ii 1 1 1 S till f\j liiiti lin^ in transport log heavy 

cai^ to iniKCBMiblc a construe 1 1 . « i i 

firm employed oiir in ] i t l aiMlprisiiiun bcctioju 
■ d pM-fati fiesiiiuruxit atop it trtouftlaln m NVw 
JcrjH-y's, t.rfiLii Oofr? SLl Vrea Other Sk> 
iTiines shuttle fupptief to i In- tkh T'c-iuShm 
H m nl field ■ 'th Mtokii'v Aprlir ru^l 


Flying fr?i£ht?r, Ijji ; 

hed i LoOti will bold 

fi4 jliimJ.irri adtju-midule- 
when it begin* vr\u;ti eii 

1 *i ? * . The £4 fo-foai ■ knigr be- 

he moth* Feprr denied. here 
|j v n mmid li shr civilian 

vtpthq n -ii the Air i^rcc 
C-^ \, wurki% lurijfii stir- 
daft iLhd a tOkijrr of Fed-* 1 
rial mniTm 3w i .ilj-i : - of 
pmdiictbii tmls- CiJLiwii) 
siiitcs of sin’ tumid rtvoaj 
cflvrmnib lanlifo for thc- 
IMOI or mi ■hemstfve 

t&TtftJ ill" s> ic tinted freLdit 


lif.lH-l'T J H. 1K>> if TfT HKH-i [IIKHI-U ill in+ 1 1 (Ii 



The Coming Revolution in 1'ransportation 


331 


in n few-- major ^Stpwijr airports* su-crh as 
KeniJL'dv l! Ne w York 

m 

In the l ^i> utei ^ 4tcm„ baggage tnovev 
q u it L I v t r i j m die pi si ne Lu ^ itijjJ I w I nr lit-* i c u n r , 
cuilcit Tckr:ar>. which travd r- ■ 

‘-Lrlimt^ in ■- rmtius part* i>l the afrpnn rather 
than t» =11 i rmvricH central luiggftgr cuunivr 
qniKes }2 -ii A 4i,qsli:inin(ff pLs^rhL r er simply 
^rie- ru I hi: mu^L t . i iMvenicnt fcccKiftj: ^r.tiion 
- perhaps one in the parking to. Hfc insert* 
his coded baggage cJwi k nun a slot there, an 1 
;l n-ntral computer sends his baggage > -it to 
the pm | it 1 r i^i'filinn 

N» In niter will embittered passenger re- 
mark, "Breakfast rn Paris . lunch in \ r ew 
York baceuge in Beirut;" 1 

Thrive baggage cars mafientiilL’ air pnu - 
ernt b> .in ingeninlr- nt-. 1 ; IrvW ^ llIIlmJ - 
lini'iu indue: I ton electric ffHitnr In ihb Ih-liu 
tiftjlly simple cmicnpC, tin- baizgaue ear ifcspif 
ts ihe only moving par i Cun ve U t fc raaJ dec tr i c 
rtoolerfs contain lift tutmturc that spin* in a 

i oil— hut hgre the ha^gaiEie car wSl (ravel <nn 

ii track that is. in effect i Unltunetl nnl Rl-- 
hijIi The car become- the "WEimiiire" and lie 
truck become* (lie "coB " 

ll&st transpon^rinu c^jieet the 

I j near induction motor— and a dnse relative 
failed the linear syi^hmnous mqfor — £ -u i'Liy 
n VLT> r sigllilkanl rule in urban :ireab Virtur* 
nn hide raLreme simplicity, qutel tierce the HUM 
with which computer* out be hooked into 
SUi 1 1 and the fact that no air pollu- 

tion results Thjp prop I ■' capsule ihftl Jtm> 
whisk yog lb rough tunnels under the city 
mu Id, nke the h;it r Kage i nr. be pow.ertd h\ i 
linear in due I km motuf 

Finite* Mil^ (liifTT- l,lKN) Fdssvti^ers 

VYbtli: automat nd fragjpge remains spe* u- 
lifcive, I hr jumbo letlmei - are alimist here 
Three United Slater firm- nnw lm:-ih « unv 
peli' | u r r lit- rn.irk-.'i A'h lk miLtslJ Dhugfu."- with 
its 25G-prtsiu?nger DC- 10* Lockheed wfth ii* 
sett L-lQl I Tri-Inf fp|t£fc 339J. and Boe- 
ing with the.- ] [truest of (hem nil the 4 ( K> 
passenger 7 *1 7 . which may be flying passengers 
Liy ihe end of \\\h year -klually, mosi pur- 
* baser- ill ihv 7-ti plait lu install only about. 
J|0 -eats- imd use t lie space re rimming for 
v cmft ru nc i- room - or at rd I’trMMfls ( | m& r - < 2 0-2 l ) 

t n it ud I y . j umbo-jet t u res '. vitl pro biibfy I h b 
L omparahle to today's rates I -;lI c t, id ter she 
hi n mm m h capital Luvestmetu has been p#rll> 
rr|iuld T fure- may dr up lo coiisithiraliL Ldmv 
the present kn ^l 


T he Bthelug 74" lar^c u fe. ikw* uui 
represent the upper limit m airemft -uq 
Lockhet-iL i* budiling the ^Loit C FA for \hi 
I S Air Force Tbiugh its 1:00 h ** tUimri 
con r rove rsv, its Ability to lift Iiull- pay)- -.ids 
has. iti ■> in till t, ii- pi rfi-ntiiin-ee lias revise! 
thinking that plam 1 - wen- l| iproochlng thr 
uhimnle irs ^i^r. Expert-, now foresee Lhe ila^ 
id fjii 1 mejtaphuie- titans of more than a mil- 
lion pounds \ ha I wsll trars^pon rhuusaniK o( 
people nn a Hinide lliglU 

VYilhin iJeiade air] ini' piL^enjrer? wilt 
iliL-h across (hr shy Lit almost (hrre times the 
<\ peed li I - " u n d — an d i t i s fenently to In. 1 1 oped 
that they wott’t Sind an aerial (radii: jam at 
Journey's ri n I Ih'ieniL hM|>esto have ft* i.StfC- 
lu J,"in ■ mik an heur supiTsonir Tran.^porl ih 
jsemce by i he mit l - 1 'j 70% Eu rupe% Coticprtle f 
j ii in i venture nf Fit'll .m l Brbish timu, h 
>heuiiil lie tnaking suptirsunic passenger fit ithts 
by late 197 2 The Solicit Ltaion rcfKirteri tfeit 
l s orders dgcady have been placed for its 
^upersoiuc Tl’ 144_ which may ht in service 
iihead nr the Cutuonle Ib-ih pSmiaes havi- 

begun I'hdr Usit lliahts {pages 104*5 1 

Sck'hrisF^ Hotlle thi- Son it: Rwnn 

Huemg's chuT resi pilot for [hr H.HT it Jim 
t»anneJ t ^Ys WO - . 1 1 i n fi - - m r 1 1 itat j n t-.^ t Lidded 
rpRci 1 one 0^ I JLvked him whin ii feelv liki- 
lu By at t f $i)0 mile?- an hnur 

Me tpSpnt'H “ H'h iiL^l another number m: 
the airspet d indicalor Tasse liters wOl find 
the flight li lot siniMither ami quieter fhiUi mn 
Inday % nr Miners I he sky will uppear darkt 1 ^ 
beciuiK well fly at abquE bO f O(JO fool — twice 
as high ix> tixltty % Jed r ‘ 

P.lut m die Lu<nduii offices of the British 
\ircqift ( orji^mtion, c:o - builder nr ;he Lon- 

cordi^ I learned hi nruHJsereffevith&Ahurrtned 
jltight tirau- wilt have 

Sir George EdivarfL, Ms nuging Dir^etur 

oj li AC, y hat ted with Oil in l he #Dod^pfiU»M 
board loom, not fur from Si James’s Palace 
"When two phu ■*> become less ltnui half a 
travel time uparii" he saiii, 'Traffic bhc! 
trade between them m creases driuihUicldi> 
Twelve • 1 1 iljj - serniii to be ll magic number, 
Miniehow. The SST w r d] suddenly product 
many of (liost- city pairs arid have -j profound 
eftfi i 0J1 emfr gjnp naimns " 

Almoss any airprut on earth* he pnmied 
mill will lit- hull li dn\ v fcuinm nr 3e-^ uwa> 
M ToiLiy H Jetliners from London tu Sydney , 
Au*truliu. (ukc 27 hours^" Sir Gifiqp said. 

Cuticorde w ill make tlx: trip in 12" 



J lie ju|jcr*urm hovwvt’r P ;trr not wuhciiii 
their critic^ Much ut the ■ riLu v-iu centers 
. smu ml 1 hi s so n ic boo m a cone ■ -■ h a e ie l J \ vh vr 
of ai ]' jire^Mjrr ilmt r rii il =? behind the aircraft 
during! -uper-wur flight If can cause annoy 
ante Lu fm-iple .end structured dunii^r tu 
b u i U ii n I within its range Ensuifttr^ iljt 
vi'orkinji cm designs ami device Eli reduce I ri L - 
I u 1 1 1 ni s 1’iieCE hut no mie knows yet whether 
they will he mu ire^lul 

If the problem remains ttisoluhkt sitjief- 
‘Utji- rt l^lii ma\ be i n-mnli-.-ii only over miLei 

332 


Airifties pm tit mu thui, except sn Ku^iu and 
mairiLinr] (Jhintu TO percent at tufiiy's jit 
routes Are over water, and another 20 percent 
probably could be rerouted* so l hr matter es 
not its fen oils a* it would at first <ttm 
Thut the SST, Mink boom or not, will ttr^kr. 
•ni cmporiaQ! ujutj-jhiiUon Lm Future fniveh in 
the up in I on of most experts. Former Sectary 
' >c Tr&ltfporTJttiAfl Btiyd made this predte- 
Utm "i drink I he SST will I mm nine (tic jjuijpt 
I nUft-hatll tlnil nf personal traqsportMioii — L 
would nues.v hy the tajfi 1 9#C}\ " 












f jLT tn It u 1 1 Ufflj i 11 iC her decks, ill* 4 -I 
f.fziun [hisses VECfius.tm* ^uriv^ Bridal r <n: 
her way lu fam KlijJiht'ih, \ T t w Jersey, wliich 
ItUfUiLr u iii hi m Mil- Imndllm: at mrLSaiin'r- 
lw £ i arp i T he I if cf [SbU ki ii _ rtKfii i 11 ■ UHH E 
.’jail ni!lTfllTK!r* IllJ- ^IlL^Jnt-iJ I'lii!3-..IIJLLM CO-ti 
*U fM^n-fiii KViit»fiiuiljini£ tn l 1 j ] i 


Ml LJ. I 'iJ lit kl'J L I u LI S IhjWi , Mil’ll! It-f.- * :>ii! Mu 

t ruled Stale? -Win? mlfl inwb In Bremen, 
Wc*l llermunw Km Ji tmlr ^rvpi n> u ^ wr- 
Jiimi c and ■ktronnhus, pirveiiEiiii: till ter agr 
ihat off hei wise lievnUR H> |rtftnnt r>S -lirb 
.L' rartLtu and Ikpirct* 



Va “■ " 

\ 

J i| 

' 2™i j-n 

3 i 

Trti - t 

% . i 

J ^ mQi 


jl l-mile-art-hiMpr '.[ieeds on its 4V 3 -mUe levt 
track (|uifse .T!*)}. 

Cnrt lhi& lie Thu train nr die future? Many 
ojii'cis iliiiik so limit In ran without wheels, 
n viiLiddto a concrete rail Shfuldlts ft* 
but ijric* H 4 .iL Urtlth ii. ior i «. unit- -driven fans 
Within the train ram cushions of cuh^K^ed 
air unto the top rind shlo caf the rail u> create 
[1 virtually Iricikm free surface on which tlur 
train sdides An aircraft entitle ami propcllltt 
at The wwr furnish prapttfadem that *etpi> thr 
Irani racing along It* conr^t 

The Aerolraiii is ttctuafly ]ti£t an upside 
down mtiTWtftil — but with erne iniportiutl 
difference The monorail, hangtnit from its 
overhead i nick, praxis such knpttv swdiJi" 
iti+r |i rob I rim that tile trW n-*u in lj : hj an . 1 *m 
duL-ecl- h jop 3 rac k >, Sw i tc h tup A e ro lmkp f ri i m 
trick In ir.n L wiO Ik’ 4tn pi icily itself The 
train will gI:l j Ii onto ii section of rttrru j (ab(t 
mil When the rail te lowered, the train — 
hliM i frculuig a cushion of air beneath it — -ran 
move in any direction, even ddewayi+f 

Afujthfll uir-t u.-hion train* this one still in 
the scale-moi ld sUme, was u(w rati tiffin Sttulh- 
smi I vt 1 1 1 1 K n^Iiine I w hen 3 v ki led t h i- researr h 
renter Tracked Hovercraft LirmLrd U- 
propulsion unit Witt ;i linear induction motor 
— the same primapk used. i c i thui airport 
b&ggnSC system. Trains that ride on liif can 
operate eMkiudh wilh ent mt <5 of relatively 
|> l^.^ horse] sower Anri thirir simple concrete 
track systems, or tnjidcwn>%ambe I mall and 
main tabled eT'ortomii al ly 

LJthdr vehn les — Fnr eHafnple T the SR.N4 
Hovenr^ifi tint < iirmn I hil- acrciss the English 
Chaiintl - rfjtfc on air over tand :md w r atrr. 
KljE even these versatile fLir-cu^hcon vehicles 
haw their They cannut dimli 

Mi't'li sJiqiHr^ Ouss winds make precision 
itmj u-a ve ri n k l li ffic u It. I r,n knl ai r-t i rari nx 
vehicles arc- probably more suitable for heuv- 
ily populaied linear, tiffictnls of the British 
Hh i^e r> j-al'r t i 1 1 : >n e nt l« »e i t nf r l me 

Stroll on Deck I -ike M i uK-wmlktiig 


Wjiir nf ihia, of course, means ihiU th l- 
experts arc i^jviu^ ihi>rl shrafi lo ulher mcxlis 
of t rciiisi iIlM'E at ii ■n a ■ n t be tuluru Las L su mm e r 
,n ihe little French of f.loTnetJE-Jo-Vi le, 
I : miles QUlsirle Pari^, I hoarikd m -In k aiu 
rntnum vehicle !t> rpgltie roared into life* ,ind 
a pR^neller auddenly blurred Into ;i .-hlnin^ 

1 1 : - k I lien., hi y . we '.s r:\.‘ L e i r borne at 

lip altitude os 5/f t of mi inch! 

This expo ri mu n ia I Vcjotroin., tine uf three 
hebijr f level- ifinJ by the l-rrudi repeal . ii firm 
S+ikT^cI Berlin el Cie . has ,d ready remAieil 


While ai r-ljtsari ng vehicles art relative new- 
Vt line r% f hydrofolLs rue nut. The fir,-- 1 h} drnfoll 
boat w as built rrujtf tlmn til) yfrjjn; agOi and by 
Md.'. A 3 f Raider Viiaham Bell had designed -i 
hO io«l model ihrtt aiiaircrl 7 1 r>Hk^ -m hmir 
TWaj. hydmfrfil *trrrc htgh-<|Wfed 

passenget ferries on lakes and rivers ib many 
parts of the world " 

[Jetm ( nnper, my photograplier friend, 
ha_> ridden miiny a byd mftjil n?s M ^tiuN al 

IlyiJruPVsIl Vvtty 'Flk-’ thi- ?SnJl te ftTr-^rmi. 

H r« II < ■• ; 1 t! LtIikVi C| 1 H I ■ t-u.-H^l'iUL . -V|irll !‘^7 

3 .U 






SPfllNTBB OF THE FJORDS, 4 ruantill 
htfdrqftitS skims ntong between Bergen anil 

Slmtlger, Norway. On a 100-tnite 

I it at lake* roDDfnfioiurJ cfWfta at least It) 
holm* the tticnvl-drirvn Vin^lor, crtrTtfiTlf' 
tOO passengers, make* the roija^r in 
four ft f jura- Witter passing itcmm 
submerged cane*, or foil*, lifts the halt 
from the water, cutting, surf ace drug, 
tfydrttfoif tines abound in Europe and 
hone spread world-wide, but public 
acceptance of the boats has been stow 
in the United States. 

Alexander Crahnm Rett pioneered 
fi prototype in ISIS, setting a world 
speed record of 71 ttufes On hour. 




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GEOGRAPHIC AH-icnmeiits Ore of Isl> hr^i voyages was on 
Lake Baykal, m Sfhrfh*. 

"I sat In the cabin for a while." Di%in tnlrl nw. 4tyijig r. . 
watch th* .^L'L'iitty thrttfigh a thick sheet of spray that was 
twins kicked oil hj rice foil®. Then T ikeidetf to go on deck In 
gci a better view Thiit wi*£ a mistake." 

Ht- fhiicklfl m i In- niLi-nmn 11 When I upcsurd the hutch 
arid moved outside. u blast tjf air hit use and Mid nit how 
fcsi ^i- itc te iv.iJly moving. It w us .LiJsis- — well like Hying h» 
take j. >Lroil on the wing of dii Lurdoer!"' 

3 talked with Dr. jean C Meter, Hireutor of the (?om- 
paplf I iin^ruk *k N;i\iptian de Ljj Lvrtinn, which uptr 
iict;> it hydrofoil tern on ! .nk-. i ,-rieva. "Hydrofoils make 
chhii* on tiny route iJmi Luke- two hours or longer by etui- 
vrajLirjtiLil dd|if-,” be said. “The ridr i< sumrlinuyL blttridy. 
but a hydrofoil roll like a ship." 

Hydrufoils^pjaiies attached hy struts lo it bazraiilh eon- 
vertLinriiiJ hull- — jiivnrffctte li Ft in mudi the -arnr wn> linn nn 
nrplajirs w t elli-, do, A* the boiif entns speed T the hydrubiijs 
lid hull «omplK'Lely out ol the wnbT, vliminatiiig miirh 
■ hug f preceding (utKesi. Fb.jt is why dir hydrofoil tin f^tkr 
(iism v i run tticike the trip from L.uounru in' ii-nevu in. Il^- 
tha.ru huh Uw tMc !aM*o by conventional berries 

"HydrdfqlU are generally rvytriLiid |n sheltered w ate fs. 11 
Df Miufcr 1 1 • 1 1 1 mir ' Rjvt 1 !^, hike.', and estuaric-- And die 
water irUifit w rrUMUtably free of debris.'’ 

I le pointed out that the Mis, skimming dp ^.ufaefi* are 
subject tu -'L 1 ! , i-re d,i matte if they strike lugs tit oi he r objec t* 

New C*ivr,* M-L'n'Kiriibh' ^ ah Pie 

Nn I Unie Hgd lift Puget Sound. I hourrJrd a new type ■ ■ e 
h\rlrntHii! cruft. the Navy-s U S.S. Hi Pmaf. This ship 
utilize- ‘niibitK'iccd Foil*. At Lac lied to the bull by lung, tb i 
struts, the> remain entirety below the curtai n. Sinn' tjjty 
a '% ry fiencatb die wave*, the vessel ndcs morr smoothly* 
nttid OEdy l he struts come into contact with flouting debris. 
Li £ U Mi * dinlkiL, cuptaiu nf tin Aurrf, Enid me that 

thflsit dtdkaic liMjkln^ -truts had togs in hall 

B> chuaiging the H'taing^ of llie submer^ud lulls, hi' catild 
van ihe heinhi of blfi s-htp above the surface. Vfery hand] 
he | .minted nut. m ,i rough scll 
Oij oqr Irst rrijbe, nn oncominH \av> ih^i i nver c bur ned 
|iA>t u^. HfecMlijig naval ^liqtiuue, tht 1 on the deck.- 

uf both warships gave hjuirf saJuies LJciUrnani MrtT.mka 
then added whal I ho[^ u*ill ukinmlely becunie a Iniditiun 
m rhr l' S N'avy be ^'StmuiK dipped ItLs^hipl 
This eM-jlui^ nrvi gciic: ration of vebitdc.- — more versatile 
M'lmlniU* idr-ciiiihirua boats ;md Eraini fc autunmied cat- 
v/'tOi. atrtmfL jeu. vupmoniL Ir^mportv - out 

feyoItitiouLte our iruosporuiiun 
Will they? 

As I look buck, the ^taiefrH + nl3 heard during mi travels 
Teem tn blend into one composite voice: Frr,( T tht tftfHsp&rlu- 
ibui in mi Us Itftiy Soarty nm nn lohvrr jith'mir 

frajli iry it ii May . it> high tkaih full iJj sontri button 
Ur air pollution ih notM if* fmitrufwrtx 

But over thnl t'nUni^iajrtJc dnnior J hL“ar the cautioning 
wofds of tormer VransjxirlAtion Slkretary Boyd “ito«Y 

JJfi 



Yvt thirty IcshiEkiuis, n - ,: ., r 
li 1 1 an hi tnliea. l icyond .i |1 ijrLng oiL 
i ierri f;k, Isu^r ran k -j i ^tilp lr\mm ri 
oil .ii kti.uL Is-kitid* j= d^^pw'aler 
limtlmg iL-fmiELi] IF nujcf. uETMtufi 1 
i fi I Eat ^hiUhiw l^rstan tlidl WUh 
rjjl pljjrtl fmmlfiiSniafcnli md. L-h^rk 
can Service »j nm pEhefatian nt 

■i mirnmh .is s -i.ir-,1 i y- uaeJin 


latle £1111(10^ minnows, l Jie f T u- 

twne hrlamd- tnir uf dir w«uiij'- 
biKgesl shjpa— dWurfi specklike 
tidiUiij; 'Taf t in H:int P^ Lri'kri^ 
The JupAOii-e -built Eirltrmulh ml n 
lifilll Ml Ibc vMaler JitLer di-cEliklghiz 
2'Ar tn Lllio-n lamTels of crude nil pi 
the iiuK Oil t urrw^^ati - maul 
-i-ir:Lgr COUtpIlbl in Ban try Ev-ery 
■fiO da^ the hr ft} ml arid five \m- 

ttfCiblp* fnake llu- iS.fkjG-cntle 
Ti.nl ni | trr|i In l !ic- uiil-nch &heilcifrivt 
ad Ku^'dl, w Kk - h like Imm l m« 

liuili Jour.il ns facilhte* far Utli lii 
liir fi'uU tu hanitli . 1 >ucffc 

i lt-i'i? HrufE timkrrr 

fedii} fjs'Ui Euruji'^ ,ind Jiipajk 
plan that will h i M J , r lOi i, i:ma 

burrrJs :uitl irinflnc andMtrrEs 
dfeiitn uf \ipisrlj twice Eli.il -u/c 
3iut i iin,.srrv.UionELiLs ? Ecu i Stir r us 
Ulc tltreul hi *j| "-r win L- urnf m 
| icrEoudb of «■£. 











Answer to air pollution? WilJl I lag AUTO? llofciiiLt^ ptihulatlnin; CKpUFti *ee e*e> nf inmr.rniw 

I' 1 ' 'Ti'il 1 1 ■*■ I \vW 1 1 ■ lliei liki- ■ l]j - i irruirpii ' Jpi-I A | i>\\ ;i< ■II ii'Llii 1 t:twnbw i vtjkin E rtf£llie 

|q tits rfflp Can clLkfue the bailr r; i- - ,l- uiim. kb ja lht r _v arc tlrjiirird dllHnq low rily Irgvi-S Hillhwfll 
Ipuri*. Iu»«' ever, usv declnc power f&sictf Mian it can be requmsmted. 


iiracd^rirKJF au"// /unv to tor 

point pn a sytTrm i vfajkh tv ready tJttHs . . 

■ vjir??! frprHjj towr/r ia.\f a fanp, ton# tiim " 
Vet, ai3iDii|£ a II th. npinmn* that J In-ard 
duranu my Interviews certain points $#rm tu 
crystal Ike into near * urtaintv 

Klee trie £im ^hr^ulil be tom non within d 

decade The} 1 will be "pun." - ' dettrks. if but- 

If rite become lighter, more powerful and 
longer lading utherwi.^ “liiiiaJ-niQHc" vehi- 
cles 4)ait£r\-]^hwrred in town but pns [killed 
fo\ qiistiJim? erjiriuts on crn££-cisumry trips. 

L Limputer-contNjDMi highways will riirfft it 
surety hrr oror a rc-aht;. , for bvh Kit human 
element is mum rd vehicles can travel safely 
-d hxzict speech-, doMr imnThcr In fact, nm^r 
csftBTts Imlii-vh- that $JM b lain* of automated 
highway cmild move Ihc tmflii id ihmc ur 
four of today's uncontrolled Lines 

There wilt be heitcd debates about which 
lype nf eujfiewa> to ^ but remember thh 

A ^milar decision was I :u t i I am) jtB3olvtd fc 

before our universal syttemttf color lele visum 
W r eni into operation 

AJJS 


Few people expect that t-rmrr dtk 1 - t,vi]S be 
lorn dow n ami rrbuilt jtisi iu solve \hn t.rnn— 
pi i nation probkni. hul someLhinp like the 
U iupcr-yu^k w c i"i El , 1 1 . i' (pipthiii pages 34 O- 
4 i mac hr iiiftrtitnposed on ejcLstirig utri^Ls 
In theory, it works like Ibis. Spread msr a 
map or' yuur city and With a |iemil mark it 
off into sfjLurv:. cleM city blocks to n dih- 
ITiose square? cut? super-blocks: your pruL n\ 
pencil 1 1 ■ 1 1 ■ s r r,u Im>u1l: \u rds w hath ser w t h r 

lili.w ki? Lilonq thtif ju-rjjm'EiT- 

Miiifi ■■ >iiir plan, now, !>> barrh'flUIng most 
streets within cadi ^u|irr lilodc lu chan rici the 
1 rufli k' mi - In eii , l 3 . e fht iL-ur. r ■ 1 1 j e ih — . uni s i .u 

■p ^ 

■A"il I he lank ill i4 m your city* as it may ip] iciir a 
decade iir sn bum n ni 

luke l 'p u | at of Spiltc 

FiauiLer^. estpret each 5nper block to Evolve 
Into a city witliin a dl| New storts will 
dinstfr i fi n shoppcnif center a[ I he core, mak- 
ini: h easy for randoms to confine must of 
their topping trips to brief rirle-s mi ihe bus 
I' He i \c$riz luiyr been shortened Iran-- 



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I 'm vs ur e v try IS i ii i eT \ -inisk kcsn! 
eh’i, t nr a.J I y rifffknt l> „ «JiEf(s 

uvftftr -LFiii -a - jrli ^ ihv btmke* m Gen- 
trill Motor* experimental UniconErcji 
t"ar. Second JiJMik t* frsr riijhl-hjjrcHrrc. 


Iftdbitflinl i; I mink- contrail \* 

lumps s! mu Lilt: both- lietih m I enlists 

vtijiSy iiy* for pO^Men^fEB 5 th rrminiJ 
their nu n ^ Lftlikilirm in lm .ihin mi* k- 
lip of die Lockheed 1 0 d I A ccllarm 
bin Alt ilri-vtv fitr Laden with 
hi LE> rti'9veampln ran lie *een Uanr!- 
TjlcIeI a.ni i irun™ + trF dr torts The 

I rhuir will U> by I 1 *? I 



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Vill 4 CH|||)iiPt 7 r«* -*ir* f il * 


i m:h Nil 1 1 iii r^ui mounts have been reduced. 

Look again ,n your t:rly <31 super hiotb 
.-ill II <N iii[iy |»rrcii mj- tend itotf rrsitrhf 
I ir itsed bit either activities Sauce -rubwa> 
have proved, feasible, why not pul virtually 
nil roady LinfU'r^rnumll' plmihers in the lu^i 
mav well lit thinking* tilting those tines. 

And .ilnnp li you dbz i.utme^ under 

a city, why not tail or them for ctmifHitfr- 
nouUtillvdi people capsule Able in rravul 
in high *pttod and ait cIom: iuUNrvHlx thes ran 
move more pa^nEer- rflorr r^pjtlh (Jiiiit 
ur Miuwjp trains could 


Dilips aiid rail road irain* Will snreFy con- 
n wuv in tarry the bulk of 1 n nji-d bta m r f re i r h t . 

hut rhfii- ^h;'Lxr Of IraJtii’ jeil'lv run 

I mile hi dwindle 

i lai f ui l it p;n ! - wslh ci uni | «■ te wit h hi r I tnc-s 
OpiitniJi' vul'v. Soonu though* incrensiriR hum- 
ber§ uf high-speed passenger 1 ruins sell I run 
i truly: rhe North lj^sI t ’nmdnr, die ib. 
their $UCR££$ will give transportation men a 
clearer pii ttety of the nblTuadr fmuito 1 

I 1 1 i i wrtte oft the p.L.- a ituvr irain yet In 
tins Increasingly Mobile society. the pressure 
will urow to improve nny tmuspntLution 

s&i 






Lilrfeirf’ murid .irii:nL^ qid* !.cn I J ■ ■ rii 
hirmtlwuE m ;i dowmmvn atcli ei ^enemlinn 
htEU.c. kL.ir ejiv&kmrJ h} urban |>I.L3iric , i jind 
dJ.-iiOLcd by RdthardJ. Bifcribfcr of ihi Iji-pLiTtnihnl 
Qt '3 ran?[iniTiition rind rniisf f'ltrre Mion l-rdr nf 
i be* •luEomu-'UrEr. street* 1 1 j j i i.vnit 1 ]tnj|:i|tr pdMj cr, 1 
tlLiiurhed only by mmi-bii&es- DihiTirefid^ tmvritjni 
H5 nt ii n rfe voted find covered moving i-tdev/nlk, 
Upper r| tiiii., idiJ rUi upites tub for H iH'fliiW 

i .ip^iiSi's 11 1 hf^r auriE* .ihfik.M 1 sljf* vjilkth^ i.i I .i . i> 

link i run the siirT.hr Wjth \ht noisy reitm 
brintl, \m ^raJulur del avert iM^lc-ilrmn-r In ji 
MnLiun whtirp mitrr ciip^ii3e< |sir.-.»li rtiiUcftsK' Lis-. 
3'a^en^r rs nonsuit an L-let trunk taap fur Ustriir 

■ lt‘iEiMjU = i| F i. uii.lt", i.iT He til lIil-ii y- niiirs\ as luur 

cnrpr a capsule puni/h their i mlr niLiid^r? nn d 

LeySjiijU-tl, itir-ett i rfldil Ukiixta, .ind xip hii-meu jrd, 
Heniath the subl^am'au riutwork ul 
trtiek? r train*., and allliWav? p a jirLftiiTUtlu Iran 
utitijc^ ■ 1 1 1 fudl nt ,i. va^lipm 1 1 1 *rnrr\ htt^ccii 
nations at speeds of iut ithnh it 340 milt* an 
hoLtf To JtiiVL' tin* station r ihv Ir^in rn.ist 

ihnvp-itM i i UL - 1 .uriii’Tit lunnd dimrs, and it stow 
for I hi- • L .lMjh b> flilifliriBE U|jblll .ij£zdn_ 
CufiilV-irtuljIt" and ojtorrtlotl, the r-wifl puinrM 

train aireo/t} infrifMss New York i'ily officials 

■ A. Milk- If "-irB»T Hi'l* : Br®. 


sy* icm> l fill am ittOVc 1 fl ret 1 number 
of people safely and corafoTfcrhly, \Yiu 
Ttmv rifle .H l J( l miles an hour in a trai i 
r^cmhlitig Japan* Tokyo-Ua^O^akLi 
slruairitiiLi-r Yuur cbDdftiji may cvi n 
ride .* ajmjjresH'd-air Lube train. 

Aufomnttfd tthip Seems Lunch 

On the sea. r ships? will btxtimr 
uveifi more highly ouiu mated Already 
-Uj n-r-tankrr- mure llum ,i thi;nixaitfJ 
Jeel long fltt* ^tiling with l-rhys ol ft L wcr 
than jD m Lin. 

Utim Collar lii^t year took hU cam- 
ltli fibp.tnl ii huge freishtcr operatffl 
by a rrtw nf only 14 ^ll was strange to 
see ait Lli.il acrtng^itul h'\v men on 
deck,” 1 he told me “The ztfw was 

tlkst ijtr I'lti-dllH' ^;tilnr* alWitjv^ 

■ 

had rrnilbh- rmmr.linn up tinnusib ioe j 

tYnir handed card 

Tniiriiie expert are now 


J4U 











uHlh kLim -little ol sWjJ'^nihcr 

trjditkm.il problems I- it really nects- 
Mtry. ilicy ask. fur a frct^lilrr tu w . l - 1 1 
VJiluahlr tune u<n nti inti! part at ai; H 
They envision nuclear* powered cxtrgiQ 
ship- tftiil wen Id remain m sc,* fur wsu- 
iu w itmr CttJrUGr siippjas, and crew- 
Would be transferred by dant hilltop 
Urri as ships sailed atunv: the cmsL 
Yes -on land, in live air. and on the 
sea- — the transportation revolution is 
ready to he launched 

The planning ha* been dime Moat of 
l he machines are in existence If those 
[if her machines seem like fcuiU&E i r 
dreams, oHtsidar how many mi i • irlay - 
realities -stipersanif planer television, 


conput^ and the lik* — 
were just fantastic dreams le--:- 
Eban throe decade* iitio 

Hurtixin bar ih-rs remain — the type of 
problems ihal the Secret ary of Trans 
put union encounter* *&cb day in bis 
m ■ -rk But even thus* problems can hr 
sol verfja the urpe to solve them heroines 
l-Tcjie cnmiuii, 

Will it become girtaJ enough? A*k 

yoursel f l hat njiicstiei n lorn urro w — W hide 
you're creeps njz through cit> traffic ,11 [0 
miles vc n hour in your P 'ft- mile -a n- 
hou r nut i>ms>bi It Tin, t. N p 


Ml 












X TT T EBNESDAY M 1 1 ■ mulh of January 
yy when Th l- Viir.iir.ii went to the 
t * Rjvx-i iif < tie said hr saw rhive 

msmuricb they went nui as beautiful as 
they art painted i hunch they bud ftuneihitip; 
tike the- human hu c He -.hit hti had scfcn 
i-^niL 1 before off the coa>i as Guinea. 

t he ysu wfflj 1 193 und the admiral Chris- 
topher CnlumtiiiH Less i hrin three nmndis 
hfld irorii by hr hsid hr-t sifthtad the 

N l 1 w Wnrhi Wild- he miw was undoubtedly 
ilur manats r found in African as well at Ww 

World eiLtttir.s and linked eu lhi> riav with the 

■ 

mermaid uf Eejrend. 

M> oWti i n 1 rtkluctmu m the \ men nan rnef- 

Tiiiiiri wa- Eli yt a_w glrumrmttsi, huz equally a rn- 
nrf&sivt — to mc t at least. Ai a bluing *Lu- 
dtri.1, 1 had cftijsfti die Florida mumlts- h* the 
subject for my doctor rd di- > dfitm. From a 
punt on the spring-fed heart water- uf the 
Crystal Ri\ er, 65 nuk: north td Tampa. I 
sdiw m pair of dark no&c> break the surface, 
J'br i loar water would be ideal fan rhi- rm 

w 4 

hr~t chance to observe mar mice;- from beftcalh 
l he iurfaiir I cased myself off the \mi\ and 
-wai- inward r hr m piassu r : n ii l % := t- 1 1 .2 1 1 I in 
while tfiat h nf l-iium, rrianrttire* are harmless. 

I i mm I 1 1 vet gardens of ai^iiCi < i Vi -r hi. 1 1- o f 
wiki I'eh'iy, water milfoil* a ltd ^piriit formed 

fey the rank urowtli uf eiLirraid v, UtrWttdk 
.■SuLidenly 1 Was upon them, or rather, Huy 
were upon me. Ii'urning forth some twttnty 
feel away, spectral gray tcvuidiiLn^ colossi, 
ririsi oJoinh i m 5 ■■ 1 taking It he '•omcthEeig 

that had eiiirlr^l the fr fcftcj uf Julo Wit tit* 
fine was heading diiu< th- fur me ^1 ii, niifk 
in quin be hfitfgcdf I swallowed my pride, 
and racketed back tm-n the boat 

J Was 'i life a confew'l 1 nvEird. Hut how 

F#i(Tj.. : fo[> llir Hlt> Vjijeu? i,M Nurtc. EH the 
■h 1 R ; >li Li IJl 

A nwutit named ZtduifT lake- dn- 11 
tboF on a eulded ttiurnnhe ^ea 1 uw'- fcriefe- 
cent realm With pencil an d ujnetprruE 
piantk ritan frr rvL'ording; dcLafli r iIr H^rt- 
mmi puituei 111. be neLiLh-the-.su rtai c ■ iud^ 
of the^c etc nd r ^-dniz — mrmberT of ,1 rtijjn- 
n 1 ahai 1 Eir-lc'f *alliil ^l a i'HL.L lit^HUir iM ,i 
fjineleil I'rscniblui.L'C to the msihii il siren 
ai EEserirjiinL <«> W r«r«i n t u 

M2 


was I ever tu 1 undue L ms research if 1 wa- 
4ifriiid Lo sluclv rm suidtete? 

■.t ■■ ir 

Id. 1 1 Wm iiritrJy two ^ears aun M:n. u Ihfh 
I hnvr spent many i 1 ll>s snorkel ihp wnsh the 
very lieii [ mils that ^rhcisecT me out of the 
wilier tluil 1 ill iTEonuis# 1 have named them 
Nobc and Jiarake, and ihc;. aru hut tu u of a 
pup illation of forty to fifty manatees tli..m 






By [> AN J F I S. HARTM A N Photograph by JA MES A, S ( GA ft 

Mermaids in Peril 


ri-iurn i-4mh I'll It tu Liu- Wiirrsi wuttrs. al the 

• ■ . . - . .... • ■ 1 

--!U"t , L’ nI ihr '! ’ryvtiil River 
I hrm riutv irarried i Suil. iW frnrn tburntm- 
jnir tfite. ten t’cjoL tfaoiisand potiud PcinUtti 
Lkppnuu'Iied mt: thul morning u u E of cautious 
curio' i r \ ^and was umtoublfidly more terr=- 
ni'il h> my eruption fmm Lhe wafer than t 
Hjo.iI hr i ‘i | j y Iut ,i ji| ipoiLi II Mannleen have 


the trf c>:m tented ninv— mid tire 

about .is damgemu^ 

These lafs^e arid trmiun^ 4rp utmost 

esc jur-ivi-lv i i.itjfi lied In i Ilf tropics |map. | nun: 

3 -J « ? Florida i? i-nc a the few plane? where 

tbisy have vtamlureii mt« a tc mpt-mu- /o nr 

Hen the cqli^uiI water b ■■mu-UTcVi^ |i*q i-nM 

in winter. and Lfiir^ find warmth whure 343 

” 























they tan — ui Spring waters welling ftom itic 
Worm forth err It] I hu iqml liisdiarfte nf far 
N.rj m.’n 1 1 at n systems VS hen rat re carting lo 
firings far warmth, nuinaietT. lypk illy in 
I >41 hi [ i u rh i ■ E w ate I ’ hk miku ahsr r vaii 1 1 n 

dlffituli* and the literature is full of irrrolJtm^ 

bit anecdote* based on $urfri:v gUtnpste 

f It v p bidet of t ryst 1 1 Ri vet ft i r my i 
mouth study canw after a rftteiul purvey «ii 
Florida ? ottisti. I ■ ■ included that there 
nri ItHfUft I hl.u'r 1(3 dbsrrve manalm below the 
ms-fare limn in the limpid ^bav 1 ’ at ihr river* 
heitdiv a 1, l ! r ? . 1 1 pw vldtid . l i ia l u rvd l aboralorv 
replete with >uch m an el tee amenities 05 a con- 
stant water temperature of H e F. and ahon- 
da r I foot I E liousi n d- ( ^ normally mart rat fish 
4 inml the warmth (if ihv freshwater -»pfiti|£S 
Vpau* 3 47 |* 

Them was nne (buwteni it wjl- too 
crowded The main spring. 60 feet deep and 
wnh li nd - t i uve? to booL h wjis a popular 
place for akin divers, whu amused themselves 
ti> puking j; robbing, riding, or chasing any 
ti sai Eater that happened ftcmfft their path. 
V..n h d.iy w hen She divers arrived* the man.i- 
Ity." mad I would be pun fur quitter mar lies. 

So u them for t-c 1 1 be 

\n average u 1 slier niumum Would Bud Tie 
isni'irkdinii for three nr four hours mnorut my 
animals I spun I itfEembom inukirm then 
movements in .1 nmaboutr identifying them, 
and 1 hrrckijij; -am id behavior b> iicerint; sntu 
the water through a ghi>?-lso| turned truck* L 
Mykht individuals ivem rcajgniatjihh: by .1 
1 ■ mu I ijjL.it inn of site, shape, and scar- NirarU 
llII had been bit by pnipdlcef. and the Sear 
paucm? on I heir hack? ami caih were unmis- 
takable (foil owing: page* Bentusp ul sheir 
love for warm i: limes, I gave -out e 1 it them 
-- 1 1. 1 r 1 1 1 ■ r n - iu.n t|if t jt n.jinev Flora ifcrry Lee, 
Peurlv Mae, Gallatin. Creota, LdAdleve 

Their 1emper.inii!cu> varied. Mctet were 
wrtiy and would not allow close approach. A 
tew weir mi tome that, whi n ;t buck 

Hems eh, 1 he> would hamper my work by 
I oil ill L! directly in front of Bnv mask, 


SeeiuiikJih weiRlltle^ ir lln vnu nnJi! 
henriwfltei^ <*]' Florida 1 ? Gnfet;i] River, the 
author snorkels among his manat ct friend* 
— in jil 1 i n- Hem hr ha* gj vm mimtH flirta- 
t(utm iiinllr.1%, ,i trivorslc, iiihblm at his 
kft As many fifty (rf the lumbirnm? vt^ic- 
Liiimns journey here each fall, iitlrurlfb by 
1 i'i< [rath rT f" niiUHnW" LifsparMEShit uaulft 
wal f r > pri ni|s VS' 1 iUe r ovr r, 1 hr v mlRr^t L 't '^- L - 
utfere jJ-tmg Fl^ricbV w arm Witter I rln^ei 






One yrrtiup fetnafe., Lav-diere, w ns a notori- 
ous ilirr She Wfl& bfajteflfr f«nd of y kissing" 
m> mask, .md of chewing on m> bund- anil 
ill v na £ suit. She tan liw jk the I ibe rl y of c ulh a Pg 
off m3 ma^k. 1 3 full inadvertently and uf 

pulling Ini' under i 1 , llh hii-i' flipper - 

Af pk>\ marinm* rntitji miiaz 3 elu; mt^le 
in whal run bc^L hr descrilicri ^ n k Lss ipujies 

■ 1 1 1 This behavior fine fmvi of n whole 
rcpeftfiifr of fiuiile^ nibble nudge*. bunt-, 
mti ecHtb race* The pcrfofmwmc^ a* 11 whole 

becomes a serene ball 1 : 1, ji .dov-molliiti rttu.il 
of I .:i4V poj! lure mi= and twisting* 

-md turnings: This rrititnut^ activity 15 not 
necessarily pfcrformisd in a fit&LULl context: 

1 fllvu> participate with adult*, as do ^ubjidult-- 
with uther udiilc^rnb uf the sex. 

This should not be Interpreted, how uvn , 0* 
in ln 1 01 lit that clmuitces arc normally greg-m- 
mi>. Tlumsjsh ro-lrf weather forces them to 
amgregaic tcmporttiilv lit the saittrUiaty ni 
warm water, I he --ole tiLMing a>_soitJiUiui h 
that brWien a mother and her calf Other 
wise, mariaire.i arc most often found limti: 

i r roups when shey form, usually consist 
nt bul two ur three inilivfcltmh, These n&o 
ciatuui> a re unusable and eiilirmeraJ. InsliOff 
fh>m hi few minutes 10 a tru tinui-- JJ uhi 
W£t e tv follow Ho be. say , on his daily rounds* 
you would MHin a ppm 1 La tr ihal lie owed 
;dlcffiLince to no -one, that lup joined ^ ccftrdti 
friend in Jets. I, swstfn away with others lm 
rest, cavurtrd awhile with I hrlmftiihr Icnmle, 
hul spent iri&st erf bis time idling* 1: rinsing , 
and explurbit by himaitlf. 

Sctunleei! Bulk E*tOrl Our ("mi 

Thti one except ion is the herd com [wised m 
ti cow in heat doggedly roll owed by court] rig 
bk IK Such »± herd may remain h^tW fo? 

more ihun a month Younger mulri couir juid 
gts, hul a nucleus of mature bulls Is always 
present in escwi the cow wherever sin: lends 
them. Qne day a cow and her train filed ped 
me as if in review There were ]" estotts in 
her retinue — iwarls the entire male rtmailtti- 
cncy of Crystal SO vert 

Tbrouiihuat the hntk | n: r i'i ■ rr=i 1 1 ncc? of 
manatees, an alert snorlteler ft hr holds his 
breath, will be treated iti a weird serenade of 
chir|Mqueakr Mtuenls, and screams man 
alee talk Tbgic It tgli- pitched snoods are 
cnHiEt'1.1 in n fieri i1''xintr variet3 ip! unrdated 
eircuniiStiLii-Ercis. They arc iippstrcritly not echo- 
I oc at me d|obe5 H such as porpoise* make, but 
>n'm in lit 1 nssodnEeil With emotional slates, 

■ .^edally sliutn 1 hw ptrilicfttble vocaJ reju:- 
ihiq h (he alitrm iluel between a raother and 



I 1 ■ m . 1 1 » 1 1 iisii lift u n 1 ■ !, .nr.; 11 ■■ . -t 1 1 In 

ruin, chair of hb nutrr donrieH ovei u 
-km-iiflhT inner futt fo conserve hoii> heat 

■lor in ii .1 DJifee- liiplir !rCs-H±fiti ipf iTLimnlue 
rV 1 1 1 1 1 :< i. ^ j mill fr- -m l hi 'V|UifKt r if i ^ - 
^raphir rwrirs> supportifd hu funrifierm^ 
underw-ULT -md> ej| thr^e hi\rmiiint!k tFiie 
iiqitbitai itr nl jf» n 4 


t giv I IT'. 11 I li’ 1 >3K’I I iln-.SL'H -illrU 

ing yimpeller, patTrrn r.hr hark nt a louninne 
msnntve. The uni mob often loti Just Ifeiugih 
the surface, in^lbteto bu>rit mem and many 
hear mark- fit Mirular encounters 






- ittftv ;iii 


AugLiit.hr 
. TfiJiii ■ n I j r ■ 


LIM'I n 
STATUS 


Pnannni ■ l J -mU 


.ivtcr.il lUi.tc.h 

.[tftTJTttr. 

■f. f JWrrn 


■ ti ■ nr.- inn W* f ■ ri m dr -^i 

'-,3* J W4f£S 


Litter* 

Jffaqfir 
I .V.IMIIL 


"nithlrjijrt I#* lja I lit" 


4-1 TrT_iK_%ii Ihsjiij:: 

Mu i fl.- 
Orj'rjn 


F fTt M 


5QUTM 

AMERICA 


t/ll 


* ■ lih-' Afiftlii flf J.S* 

■ -iVr 5h«" frn 

■ rfarl pen 


Making a Inst stand on both % wfc of the Allan sk, three h**- 
ctti uf mu n siiMr %tmrJi]> iM'r.ii lifintr miinV Hir mi.u hn W5riti 
I hr iiilj^prri^ TVh' J icrAiu 'HurtuJa ^cfl.rnM/ri> — now round 
only [dong Florida,*! n a-~ — nr,:>' nin^erJ by the thmsfflife 
from North CairrfhiB Id ilii- Fejuu Liutf CcuuM 


kKUChte 


L*h *,**1 . 

jiAiiif iL,. - ■ n t >.!■« 

■ LTNAI. . Jlii.Pp.PM'i fOtiirn 


Weal 


Spoftih^ j parr'll work cunt nl aljyit-+ .1 ■« liIii v - ruH name-il 1 uLJiiru:- -lure - ! lie A^rmth of a 
-frriiii: wills a ^cl , iijf>l (ii aniy ^napprri I .aim htsiitrd inr hnk* niE nnd ivoCyJjJit bant, hb 

knui may fin the wuy oS Si tilt r'? tfl cow, a fi.CtOO-poUnfi rtlativf tlijcnvmrfl w the 

HrrifiiE in !'^ .ihit hicnlcft *mi af e.vtahrtiLt fn lit-- Lluirs thirty yiu t- Kkiridl law flftw pro 
le^b the ruuuLee. tiLtl kKe.Lbiotlli) tto&tiUag aod ihijushdr.^ 5 booling by LiiriU-TUrcktrs ln-rsi 1 

i ■ • iHHi'wr i ■ .A»i i 1 liJkii - -.1' . %M J.L.IJHMH: HSCjLT i 







1 



■ 





h rr i itlf a . - hu H c Fts Inn her ~ ide be t'i i rr 1k*ei 1 1 ^ . 

Mianamr vi-sinn eh fclillTVdy mn^peciuJLzedl 
BJid probably myopic These .in (trials., after 
□JL, h ei ve t iit I e u ssl : e q r 1 h pi r eyjes: 1 □ dspi r in >r - 
ti I i ■ 11 vi m n ment of 1 1 ■ i ill len n ve r s and tu r 
bidf^tunnc^ visibility rmy be m moir than 
a f'H 't. Thiir ^ensL- of smell i?, lii mIL lifcflSbfjoel 
rudimtiUAr^ LI no! a I blether ubsent; iln.ir 
IK 1st ri Is LLTt U iltl£.]^ d l i&ed by * A I V^> \i 3 1 1 ttf 
they ;t re submerged and open only during 

&& 


f|>c hw seconds when they -urfare to bn- a the 
Voracious teeters tl < ■■■ npcfld n quarter of 
the du.h l on Mi m iny iml s>. r i rntn.ii d i ■* i m te.vc r 
submerged aqtmiic plants Imp pen us hu- at 
band, kadi ila> duty oat mor* than li pound 
ol Vi 1 station for every leu irmmiU at hr.uk 
wjjghl. Ttlcy i In rial ,h- formerly hesd, 
use their flippers- to guide nutation la thrir 
lilPr- They don't need to. It's enough for ll 
manatee ju-t in overt It.s hnrretidutls bp pints 







,wE Miik iht iiI'LiilI.' ifitn II- mouth v ith tiu^ 
^at-nlie-di bristle- 

When tliey are not IVrtEing, munatfcfc art 
apt i ■ • lx ntftiiift. Fiiliti prune nn \hi I lOttom 
■ it iiifpcnffetl nL j ar hie muriate Peri- 

odiraih ihry mcend slowly Ui llw ?urfai:i:* jl* 

j| puiCtii upward b> guiinl mu hmd* nuinipu- 
JutiriL: Inv UiBili! - trines to ensure thaf tbtir 
chaTitcs ilon’i drciwn. They stay up appemi- 
rii.ittlv !■ “Ur :-eco]idi. hale ilcvincd torahahne. 


Scrfttfh ri^ht Pitre \ h li it: - r , ! E’en fo ■! 
IfjiiLt -V f li ! , .iiflr — rrmEhrr i I I’^nirtS — lit ;» 
fully icccpb Ihr ,11 tei 1 1 i i -.n> M -rnnrkfbr'= 
Thmtgh usonlly dtjg^kh, ttr bliEiplikt 
htfljt tan tip^awdfi speeds m" Sweiitt nil Ip-. 
Lih JniLU\ M^llfd hy up-iunJ-EloWti rvtrijkev 
uf hrt LiilL Flippers Mfrvt .v KEecrlns iiitL- 
r?nc of her iwu i^ai . appears .15 a hit uf 

1>:»ldnl ikin a* ahe tuisc of sin 1 rsi^hl Ripiwir 


M9 





ha f in mh.iEmsi They then \wk i met more 

wish Lt ui.jit belying their bulk 

Manatae* ntiunin .nub merited longest while 
on the hnttum During my oIjmtvu 
lions the record was Sri by framtr, a young 
hillIl’ who stared down nearly thirteen mjp 
tiles His time was esre|ilinhfj Tliu u*ua] 
^ubiEii'i L[rni i- mfi rv;il while re -uni.- i- r\wt 
to five mimito Uni ;in actively swimming 
manatee nerds muiv \*\\ 4 m .md may stirfm v 
orji-e a mi nin e 

In waters ffE^kieriinl hj these threat mi 
mals, (hr infnrmed visitor b alert f<n the 
telltale snout pror burning a suraarmu mann- 
^■i d If s as much .l* bt'.> likrfy ti.i see Yel then 
! right itiwd ,j man a! i l 1 may light rmi ,u sjieeds 
dose lo Uvi-nty miles an liEitir, drumitni i htf 
water to a froth. 



1 1 Mr. ill r 1 1 1 ■ i . i j | s hint l: : iw m . ■ i m.h. n. 
nsirinl fitltiiii p Sdcnibl^ believe that both 
Ulf tiiianiiUT mu il I : L . . 1 1 L anisici lh< . :i 

phanr ovoh til Imtn i-iimcnmi ancestor. ,i 

foUMfrttiOtl Jirrbivfin.' tha! broWvd | Friuli if- 

r ILiil man-lire. Thl* elephant' artFamiihii 
rrm n j neri I it rid In run d. bui [ t>r manat teV 
bnr?4<Nik the kind ini :i Molly aijiiack lift- 
Ktirrlig* almnatrlj ftotuht-d imIl> 111 papers. 
hmrl leg* di^ppea red .iilt-jgL'UitT. 


M ti /vle-ht-rtl i.lzde ^kiss.,"* a TOJimatee tn 
to cii may ids] the wcak-fivd tta’ii.* an rev- 
Irif rxilmn -V- wH | ns in sinnalimi aJTmuail 
Mnniittt- ;d±o rnmniUtitc'nKe by thbpiir 
b^uealini?, e^prrluUi when -iLirmid They 
rarely ftuhT Fin Lb tn&\ -quafcihfc' over tt le 
male, hut only the loser f ran i - injured 

350 


Murry Vintur* who Ibh the Crystal Rivet 
have ne% _ er heard of manat and uni under 
r ik ei tIll I - 1 v dumbfounded when the moitsicrs 
appear I Iihvl- -ten •■’in fined fishermen .■■ tu- 
illy drop their r-nt -iitfi kjmi tluir minds* tye-. 
tV Jt ration a I e x \ fL i mi i ion s —musk rai> L # av < - r-. , 
otters: porp fcfefe* wholes, even divert Ottc 
Teen-ager was heard to fc *Mulk r l don't 

pow that hip., Pit " 

As tJtc Gulf of Mexko cnnEs in CktobcTi 
!|n ' VysLiil RivMi rTuui^lce^ tnnvi- ui’.strtiini. 
wln?rc i hrv remain: off and tm until March 
For t h.^ ri -I • 1 1 Mu- «. ■• . ilt I h i_* an r nml -ate. -el cJ i fin 
presenr in ihu fic.-^dwHlvr: 

Us h 4 ! i Tin id where they weir occupied my 
-nmnier hnEir>„ The Ftorida Board of Coit- 
-rn .i'iun ^'Titfrobdy pjnwided ifii* fn^m time 
to time, with u litiht \Asi ne nml a pOol From 




Un^nvd^ nursery: l warns 
-uri.ii.- .u VliHiudill teal, Barn at 
25 lei i" piiklEa*.i.h iijtfvfe jtu> u ■ ■ 1.12 h 
Jflf) Whm wcai'L'-cl .tl: eiji h> j w.- ■t-il 1 ' 
['In- ami h nr ^firmrtrr-5 Rn-qntirm 
Jt- Ifi-njl :v 4l» ■ iLli - Thiidm 
Iribubt* in it biK^rdly tuptnd urli^-g 
rate Calves are prndiireil at inter 
l i&jl-b flf tin iJiiiri throe yL"i.ir± 
TOilt^'imminp or fecifjntf, in sin 
at fee? normally hnli up every mi mute 
i.fP iw li, but n mam ■’ Imirr^wl 
w he n rp-i On ■ ■ rifc «m _ er rp pjjrtei I 

seeing a captive female place u ue* 
born bfftpy tin Uer Uaik. whett nlic 
belfl Ie above svaitir for minute^ 
Then *hc dunked n repeatedly until 
It ka: Med tm tar eat he eerrirclb 


w 

















Florida's Manatees. Mermaids in IV'ril 


the mr it t v i \ worry was easily spoiled often 
grazing nn thu TM-iure- of u idat'on ^rets-. ihai 
thrives In rtu brru kiph injure waier-. With 
an {tfixiuus eye oljl far shaikh I dived inlm 
these murk 1 - cslmmi 1 - — -and. In, met fairbliivr 

T 

animate! \ ctvtimntered them m rivers as fur 
at Twenty miSe.^ from “home L suspect that 
■.■mu go even farther 

Ti dtelermme the mtHreLiiun routed I Suite r- 
v Ur wet I -a * ruh ui crabbers, mullet fishermen 
and tiuides. Their replies went colorful, in the 
idiom id i he Florida t ranker One trusty okl 
• rabibei: complained that ibe manatees rubbed 
tm his traps „ t^nbeddinp them, in llir mud si- 
that he ttiuliJti't haul 1 fie IP 
“Takts I wo ihimis tu be n crabber, son A 
strand buck and a weak miicd Draft ycT 
never ber ft crabber ^tick wuh yore sea cowsi 
In iv. hut keep 'em ojlTi my traps 

The answer tu iht 1 puzzle <rf rniLjmtini. lit 

ni.ii cMrnpik'tr Mil il L- definite that rmmntee* 
migrate uil>hun.\ j.j l> I tliat they avoid Hit 
extremely shallow 11 ills and wnler ways which 
snake around the network ot r.oasuil islets 
Reeking the open water, ihr\ travel lonc- 
i-Lttahlished <orridprs ih rough the complth ol 
-rind 1 1 . i r-i. uy-,|(t reft - and Itinr ‘-tiine -ju'K'lv- 
drafiu trristif of thb part uf liiL 1 Gulf Coast: 

E iirat < milium Eft pliiitil .mil "Mil unite 

M it ri i li i d- — j vrrnm s u ^ pan ss h ha ve bee n 
I i L tn i it mg mt 1 1 1 i imidi inline ?im v ifn- li irn " nl 

She meat primitive vuflutal * uUuns Colum- 
bus's llnksjjp of the myth wslIl the nmnatce is 
tike earl Lest Europe an reference hi (lie animal 
iri A mem ii r> wale i s 

One vestige nt she mermaid legend has 
Item plum’ll by srirnce \ mjiIh rnlury 
tsunami si, perha)^ rrhumii! ( olutnbiLs gave 
the order the scientific name Sirenij The 
name man#! i was probably kpprepriatfcd fa > 
the early explorers from she L'uribs ol the 
West In rises, who referred In l hr creature- 
mumlfttriii 

Today li ii pneMly agreed that the aU'uni- 
ans have descended from the same ancestor 
.is the elephants Evidence for tbs- I whet js tu 
lie found in instil ^pecimtEis which show, 
among other thines, a progressive reduction 
nf list hind I itnl is \ m 1 e vt h \ i re sr n E -« i -i> tniUt- 


555 

atee- have molars that in some re*|Kr<Ls 
rrscMihi', llnm <il tflrptuuii*. 

There are today only four pieties of slrtriG 
an Three are manaU-c 1 !? the Iasi i* 1 henna Hue 
iluvau'. nf Lhc 1 hiihi-S fc jeiiu r^giiin \ ftftJi, 
SleSIer's .^eacow, existed untal rcliiLively reeenl 
limes Three in weight and [weiity-fivr 
■■ i-S lotist il I ivpd sit the Hen m Sea ntm Kam- 
> lutluL H u i : : . : - , killiiiH il fur tneak ftxterari- 
nated Lhc spoaea by G£)£ 

3Ianrtlee5 oikd diigqni^ may ht gping 
rhe way of their Bering Sea kin rhrrmirhmit 
rheir range, they arc rare- nr endangtUt^l 
Many lormer numalee tinunti in the rivers 
of West Africa and ( etitrol tinri South Ahu ri- 
rn cue now gmptv The mimnlHi have be£n 
hutlted lend iLaij lucmedp uumalee st£rok> are a 
prize si stippSenieni m naiive diet* Even in 
Florida v where a poacher risk* a $5tX) flirt, 
m itii alecs art f^ceasionally lolh'd for food or 
HU-uUletJ spfirL 

hnerri-i Sluhi becnEne li ItiitilI 

In tlie l mted State? manalees were once 
found an far north as the l urotma^ and all 
llie watj around ihc Gull CottiM Now they 
Mirvici' iiitly in H-anio, 'And there ojily hl 
isolated pockets. Their cunseback is handi- 
capped by a slow reproductive rale at bust, 
one i a 1 1 \ \i a i - 1 • E i a 1 1 fcmalr ev rry three years. 
They ronnot sustain any tun her depEetion. 

Vri thi t'nmtiacii munis of vivilizaihm art* 
living I ill Hue uam-tit Florida bourn i- prr 
etuptiilg wildlife habitat- . Puliutiuti h.o «ii- 
rcudv d^lnbyeil lhc munaMc s food refidurees 
in several rivers.. \\ j ter from tkvdnpnneE^s 
lemporariE> a\erl cata&llrrphe. T hey umi ally 
i; nia.il the dtcdpii^ ol ctiti-il- which, Wh eft 
eoluni^ci! hy jiquaEJc plnobs fe pruvidc new 
manatee pastures Bui ultimately Lh mean 
an incre*se in furntan popitbhiuu anil more 
power boats, the Hrourge m munrilees V-. 
Mn>n H-> the Pill c flken each yunr by propeller?, 
rijiitd- the annual pruductiim of sahes., the 
maruth%= an an area are diximetl Thi> could 
hlL[J[K 1 1 ■I.HIN fl! Crystal Hivvr 

Atamitee> aw ItarmU^s. E hey have tna ric- 
E'ensu in at iltjrhl. no natural enemies bui man_ 
rheir future re?t - entirely in our hrmd- 

T H E i N it 


tillprolNlllldfr siren: i U'^iilCp 3 1 1 2cx_— I 3 |^utiiJ Utanaltir. |r>. -■ mi a \ : -.ili 1 thal it w 
L-ki.^-ranjri- irbsenet cnukl rolllu.ie Wllh -i UiViyLy rn^rm^ia^i Vaivdjkr rwwtrtb. 
lirhtlx ^cjJed when Ltndrr vvjLeJf. uprlt 'wide whew the fuaMtrr rttines up (ur 

air 1-nuts an |hr skin nmy hr roused by ^h Hiding beiwreti *ull water and Irc-hti 


‘ > . * I Hf 4lL 


¥,■ --Il .* . bF ..i; P3QITF 


D ont order that, love," i wmm 

warned me fine day when J. asked for corned 
liEttf in ft tiny Dublin rtsuursril “tl^s awful. 
Xfjthipg but fai Have the i hiekrn now " 
t needed some petinfet to m ft fee a phone call “Why 
break a pound U0tc v ' the young lady behind thtr desk 
«l' my hotL'l objected “Ii'll dip away soim enough. 

I ! j- iv, Ml lc nt 1 v (.1 l. 3 i he f i 1 1 1 rpe; n < c 
And j mutcircycte-nuumcril ^ ^ 

i'/iJ, os Uil 1 In sh Republic cult? u- | j ■ 

pol irernc n r re fu sed i <■ n cri ve me either I ' 

direction* tvf a EirkH inr blrnkln^ A A m 

traffic* hui ltd mu intend EliiuU^h 
Mm k after irl 1 1 1 1 e i.l bl be k of down |0 wn Dublin to an 
address l had jus! spenl hall an IldOi trying to tin cl 
The warmth ihm has always charmed the 
ih I'.ifc i' dslt verv much at work But change Havaes 
iht Liii ion Fewer IrLhtnm land iVomcnt lc»vi: lo 
mt 1 hi'ir forturiei Ihe^e day> in England nr Aitn-rh a 
[ 1 lesv :- . i I ilm Ithful in ft ii \ nl 1 1 1 ■ u i m 1 1 1 ■ In 1 1 1 d a i k 1 sire 
in hr- involved in l he world"* problem* Sn n w.i- ■ 
new Ireland as wtllu* an uidunc th-it my wife Audrey, 
tm lb-year-old kepi atari 1 .-fi om lo r* pi ore 
(map, |k*mo 

\rj|g,els S l'jijtl 1 d h * Bid li t 1 1 • ■ I h ■ v 

fired on ihv schedule, of c nurse. w«$ the capital. 
Amid the ±r<hbmg liurly-anrlv of Dublin".- broad 
i jT -nirn !! SI ref- c. double ^deck ha:- L -- rrmitidcd u- of 
Liiiiilnij, ,md i Schan-it fume- mid ^warmiitu, liiiiulo i ■! 
traffic made u^. flunk ul 1 nth- Square Bui lo the 
people of the "twenty -sis counifea." .. ■ Irishmen some - 
limes niH ihnr republic m distinguish it from thesis 
not them count to* I bait remain loyal to I he Drown, ibu. 
ih much more than the busy bean of thetr largest city.* 
Fur oil O Donnell Srrwt nm Ka.^tc r Monday of I r J I D, 
ibe Irish Republic wa> proclaimed 

I had heard that marks of the I'ltfi w 'KLdnn" were 
still visible aloru: <T'Connell Streets so I walked up 
find tWri it <mi rrinmimz. In- ini in i he air to scan the 
building fronts for bullet utitil I bumperi blindly 
Inio a policeman 

Whatever Is ii yuu'n: lo&Ming fctr? H he .i-kl-'.I 
l I old hfcm H and he led me toward she rivn p^t 
tlut aaiuv hi Set Jrihn Gray, who cai'e 1 Hihjiners iheir 
modem water ^upp|> .irui tin- «np<‘ nl‘ lempmince ad- 
v<n'ah j I hi-nhitld Matthew, who tried in make ihem 
drink li | hers we cami + hi n lah and slate! v plinib 
from which a likeness of l^Eli-cenmry patriot 1 Timid 
IVDonneir ^cin'eys 0 T ConndI Bridge fruin tin- 1<mi 

<rt ( V( ontidl Streci ^ panes JS6-Tj 
"Tliere, 11 the pubremmi ssU as be walked me ground 
ihc ba-e, where four ^inrzil> dud brorune Linnel% yt^red 
is tf in a- many direction* ” There, and there. 1 ' Two of 

"The Mnpr Remi HimiihI Itrluml,' b> M V ^lnrtean 
c 1 1 pNaj • IrrTm.HA Hiiij p Mnrdi I ‘J63 Tfeue j Lt i:iMioUt wun ik t a-ilicrl 
ih cfee LiitE In, |irl3Ji<l - Krum L^fiT^ tn l*v Rrihcrl 

I. (‘unfi ^uiriivl PTfrT. 





By JOHN SCO FI I- 1 .0 

Senior Auilviynt liilitur 


Phttioiiniphs hy 

JAMES A. SUGAR 


\ pi ente on h plure . , . 

Fir D i- pi hi I ile dic:i?r. wrciKc an 
Unknown port m the \MU 
trrtttun-. and sw Ireland rvniaisn. 

Fiarmer JuKn Ijitry 
fiivunawh an it hi- -on urecEtiJ 
rki‘ auLhor ;uni hi? LanuEv 

rrll lln 1 hi Tide I Vnln.-- a j l;a_ 

■ * „ 

tH'rf r be ycarv, f#m im 
ami ^Lnfr fofwd 
nl Icish 5on.‘- li rkd djui^hlers 
hi i'mipjratjr NW, umwina 
prutipefity enables miTi'o^in^ 
number- to uLa -li hotnc, 
when* thev wdeome 
m •Lir^iiy SrErearti nt 
whLlh::- In Lin a ihior^, 

ilU-UIKL'HX Zl IU,i" • | h m\.t. 





the angel* still we-ir «r(i-vin^ wimnrk in tiir 
breu^f, :md holes remain where a rifle bullet 
piefr^d thr atm of amililief 

We wuttldnT think of patching r hcjft/ 1 dn. 1 
gfchjj, said tetfeirrtEfy 'Those bullets weft 1 
fixed $3 year? pkgra by Pftdtiig Pearse and hh 
men And there.” he pointed hack up the street 
i n | he hmoilrnit General Posl Office-, *in Front 
i if that buil di ng Pears* as&trftd Hie right of thtf 
people of Ireliui ri lo the ownership afire! an d r pr 
In fact r the bullets ■ma> ju=-l iis easily love 
been fired by itic- Rrifeh forces — which in- 
cluded a Eitnboat anchored in the Raver Uffey 
— forced Lhftt rutiled FeJnts^i Mtile- band of 
patriots and, :n dairm it, left much nl down- 
town Uulilia ul shambles But the -ecd ImU 
been sown, Standing in front of the Fust Of- 
fice, Fear.it had hi i Idly proclaimed 'he irish 
Republic a so veres im m dependent state 
For his paina— and despite ;a public outcry 
iu K m.' i ; i la I as Wt'U .i> in Ireland Pem r and 


Ktngiiig ground for ^dependence'. On 
Eailet ilandai, lblfc, Liijh RepubLicjmv 
stand hcfoJc Mh- Gene rid IW Office 

i- If- 1 1 -i i ■ 1 1- 1 1 hy cleaner*' liiq iiu-in- ill Irll nn 
Dublin's O'CiJiirLE 1 ]] Strrrt and prar|aLT|u-d 
tbs' Ruptilihc "W yvufi of tlrjtish rule. 
111 Mir battle fhrtl bullets HULfPed 

Lite numyrmTil to iJiLnii 1 ) Ot 'njmi'IJ . lofii- 
neniur> ci'.imrinii of Roiruin Cotbolk 
ngbl>, .ihrl _itf LElery left the- <tmcL in ruins. 
TmliiV iL ^‘itnevCt- _l strejin hi bu.Mju'ss- 
nwn. -hufipt'r j i. 4nd students like IT^yem- 
■ ■■! Jiffiih M'nuthtpflh | belii'iV Hid i nvcri 
























Ireland’s magical art 

i ^ TiUfATOi* i Mlli'iiL'. and |KJh s [ikuhilj tim juyfnlEy j^siruflif thdr 
1 ■ -l 1 1 1 v. iili witrcfi Ahhc* Theiiirtf actoff in 
(hLn^k. Fnmme, n, crntF i he rJis,L-trr 14^15-47. ThtftS-ycimjM 
Abbey ftfHit iilfiio in iht wi.trk- nf -uidi lrt*h iltt 

W ] k VtLLt . Sr. in 0 ’ L . iw ■ J oh 1 1 Vt S\ n ^ l\ a ■ td Btvn tin 1 1 Bdi an. 

Sr-jirlc: robed dfxforfiii graduate he Trinity I'dlci^r (wbe# JOr 
hlWftAktbr 3 till i". L-tiFLi. 1 1 ji'cer a > K'rvm^m rcf-fKliK'tigfl in I ;.lsil In 
]5 J »I Qu it Elbidu-illi L rhmirrpd J mii( i I ur **tln bthUiiilffictiL 
o( harharijiTF. tnnmlb and dlsw^ 1 liv mp ’* 

\ti MuJIsaiLxj’v pub nil TimlhT St »* mm s-wor ijIqTt of GuLn 
npxs fe»d iln- mil of word-. im ite Iohku® In a scene fEittjnl-'. mil 
M l iyjsrs, June* JuyctS n «vd alkrtjt hi* irllm*. lafrnswn 






I -i Ml in - i imir.ido died befim A firki^^qii^d 
Another 33 ytars hud to pfcftv — ye*ir> of 
blr>Kj\ 1+1 Troubles . l i - r I civil war [j^forfc the 
tirL'i"Ji r wbiLi\ luid orange standard would 
flu tier iivcr m ■ ornpletrly mrtejiendttit Jrekmd. 

'il Vi il - thu L-MiMfut Lem- tb.u urmi^ed the 
Irish and made [ndepwiiitoct inevitable,*' 1 M 
elderly Dublin civil nervanr. ■> ummentecL "Of 
cuui^t' iJute W 4 K another side of it." he went 
■ m rhnufdit fully "Eurnpc wms in fin* 'hr 11.-3 ot 
World Wi I r 1 just thro Vmrnriii hadn't rurne 
in. out Britain ha 3 her hand- null Sheffiulrln't. 
put ut- with ll desperate war mud m revpltilinh 
here in Ireland .i - flu Himr Mine 

Uui that kind ol talk uift always popular 
herer hr added. ‘Vven after sn niiirr. yuan* 
So don’t use my name 1 ’ 

Tt> Ulb day regal Du him Castle Tram which 
the king* deputies ruled Ireland. enterljiirD 
few bsglitsrrrs, hut grim kdntuinhjim 


i. l ml, \s hen (he eft-rut inn* !■ ! ■ i k phiix-, arfmiLs 
^ t r l" j in l s oJ them \\\ v L-ited t hu* eld prison, ri 
huituiE hotter of Kray stone and peeling pl.ts 
I it, on ,i Sunday blessed with sunshine; had. 
it been a day of rain and gtoQftt, Lhe ex\>cri- 
L-m:e would. fravr beers uiaheiLraMe 

The names of those- wbp died mark ghasih 
t :d]s ju the old proton. Iri the high- walled 
si one-break er^' yard, the Irish flag hangs 
IriEipJ) liI iiL'dr v% ! n j rL j Padr^i” Hearse and 
his c impair lob- faced die tinnj squad 
Back in the hcarl ol the city* Surniiiyaj’tiur- 
nuon * n s - Er> i Lotted OX ’onneU Stri-et Thou- 
s itudft < if bl un ai id .i zree n pa \m: r hoi - v. ith w hi I t- 
visors, marked b T)p Lftjls* or*Up Longford," 
bobbi'i I like -n many Si- Patricks Daycarna- 
tiims ll> sports- in ;td Dubliners -if reamed out 
to Cftikr l fc ;irk in V an .LLtefliEmn of tlaidie foot- 
ball. Buses dt.-g urged English Lou lists, at 
downtown hotfefc Tn the mornim: the ftadiu 









Siiiikt-h M PatrirkmisvediMn^ ml lit ■ jmltMiuial < lunlen u* hugi* t'nrk ri iJEihbn ■ «m i : - 

•t«T: Ijkuly U' t-e ffteni- 1 h\ iUiLc> ttju - Krt's^r ■■! I’L'i uli" To hi Kdsy right ■■ u lakt^ Ruling |ji- 
thorn jin) I lost* outside, h here dyjd^TO owi fikoifk' (hem I'i t?h Erudition h.t* it that the iitaiui's j iusi-on 


S r,T,jn>" with it- taj^d c<inunt:nL:L\ to toll cheats 
what they were seeing, Would whisk them 
across 1 1 j l: g reen co urn ry - i ■ I ■ i ■ • KT ! I . l r r j 0 * iml 
Ct>unt\ Giihvitv. Tin- old. turhulrrhi dnw n1 

*~|r r- 

i he Troubles bttvtjcn Irishman .mc| Briton 
sctfrnvd itb fitr si way ;ii |;i- r week ti bad drearis 
And _vc i it was tjnJ} Ihnoe ytiifs ago tlrai 
“pnrujtiB unknown™* plnniiiiiiixplnMV es iVHJttltd 
" U«“ 'U.iii ifcp the U'l-fLiiit NcUtan PiiLu ftuni 
Which n ?UJiiiii‘ of the I '-n dish Jiavul hero had 
uazed down nn C.iTrsmsell St reel kmc | ; 80 ( J. 
mid Uippled 1 1 in •he ground 

"Very skillfully* ton," n shopkeeper re 


marked tu me “Hurd I y -a window was 
it.u kt'il Who did ii* L wnuldn'l sfty onytmi: 
tried very h^nl to fiml iJiac After ull + to mnst 
of ib old Nelson was an einli.Lrra^iiMsyTTibol 
—another nadoQa h l: n i - 1 rn : 1 1 u> then: 

i hr i vi 4 1 1 1 s r rri ru n street 

Mention nl H nimrfiGioitablu ^;SirL u Hiu! 

Oisl> abl'h h fmm biiaihE-^ l IT jmndl Sir-eel 
stands a Dublin, kind murk almost as familiar 
to the world flu Nelson Pillar, and one that 
ill so lay in i , U]h- i ■• •; -i knur ago The oriental 
\bbey Theatre bu i lding had dune duty as 


360 







4 LLJAEHHL!N£I I- MIX! 111^4 > ■ LJ, 


^iiinl iffiivr nut ilii' ^njkrs f'n the fifth century, ihniipjh irietilEAl* fiaVt vtn evidence l3mt Ltkr creultmc- 
ever (fitintefl i lii i* l - my - vc-aris Khiwniv 1’nrk h;v iJrAU'ii Dubllwrs MpiNtion and 1 1 1 L^httf el- 
ruent— from Luire kiitJcfcJc hatting to band tt*rt£«rf£» from military reviews to l^ruiJcriLticL- ttiireLim^ 


nm>u Imll, hank, and morgue before k ?ri 
umT.ihtd with ths maftk oi stieh phty^ ^ 
W B- ViMk- Tht Omntet* Ciitklftn* i M 
Synge'* Ruit j tv Hit 1 Sra, ami SeahOCa^LW ’> 
Juno iturf ihr Paycaf.k 

'Tcxiple sometime* called ir rise Shufjbyr 
veiiTim 4 t tnr Gabriel Kail-mi rernin^ced: “In 
till i ’mc din^ the lorripiusv * nuld isloni nnly 
hull adnzuti fiiltidJme urioi> Hum Flugcrald 
10 ■. S wen purt-litiier-. Wo we re civil 
nuts. act unify. We'd work for the government 
i=l m 1 1 nt i n g; ! h e si ru sh 1 fl i I n? 1 1 tc ai ti r di 1 l m r. fi- 
ll me to rehearse back at our offices by two, 


and to the Abbey again at five for more ft- 
heartak and mir nnly meal of the day Then 
wi-\j itfut i fir performance i t I i'FKhi 

"it Wa^ a kind i if lunni >, IP l ie ackstmivleilticd, 
“blit We did IL because We loved tht lhe;i!er. Pl 

Along with its inumphshi the old building 
sjw the Abbey V sturmiest brikirs in IWT 

Synge's Th* j 1 ■ l, 'i : yi r -' - 1 1 in thr BV^frtTT Witrid 
I ? toe i 1 1 li Med .1 vvet>k o t fig ht in g in.-n I e the 1 hea 
ter and In the Street!- outside Why? JUtatiae 
Synge aiTowcd nm m lit* eh ora* ter.-, a J 1 - 
yi?ar old In.-fa piri, to mention i feminine trn- 
tkTUiirmenT To judge b> the kmsuli. i* was 

m 




iFk* first lime in \hv history -if holy Ireland 
that iht word -i sbift H tmd been spoken aloud! 

Tn 1951 wir -swept. die old Sh^hy*,Di lector 
1 j-nnox Robin *on t watching a* ll-miits en- 
gulfed ihe building, lilted 

! I t'i the b*st l! Lirii-; i hiii ? ve r hu p j htfrt d r ’ 1 ! li» 
1 1 ilfl a irpnrUT "Now the government will 
have to build its h new (healer " 

Th* ■ziiverriciiE-jti did (page JS8J. But 15 
M-iif- p.iHed In- tan- lL> eitrUiin went up—- 
years during which ihe company f f i iwt ft do in 
Dublin's oliT QtJCflii - I, I ie.it re nniij peeling 
paint '.nticbm ;md dwindling audiences 
Now die Abbey has come full circle ip!n. 
Manager PliH H'kelk greeted tis in the .. ,j m 
ctiilline-ilullur buiMinr’s dramatic new lobby 
os a capacity audium «■ filed in for n perform- 
ttfttfe of Bretldfln Bcliads lush Hdr&ttfl Bt wi. 

‘Td wtftffc 10S percent booked, 111 said 
Mr. OlKelly Ijxij ipdly " K it[tndmg roam only,” 

I tu\k 1 -41-vt i l Mv hus Simuricr Nis^Lr^ 

It w,a^ barek Leu ft’tibck when up lull the 
Abbey. «(ft a tmay >un had just dropped be- 
low the chimney pots We wandered off m 

the fading light tn wor the leaty grandeur 
nf St. Stephen* IJrtren, with fti tjuiei Walks* 
its tree -shaded jumli, and Its meticulfiush 
tended beds of bltJSHjtiinu* be^Qnnt* 

Dozen? ul Lbese prcerevwijd* dm the grity 
face of Dublin They range from hand ken: bief- 
s fate thumb van is to the vast rcjiibes of Phoe 
nix l 3 nrk. with a seven -miU- circuii uf walls, 
tliu Irish I'r&fident^ liurne* a herd of dt-i-r, tinrl 
one of the most delightful jcu&s in Eittqpr 
(prated ing pLijresi. 

The most surprising open spruft m Dublin 

lies even r »■.-■ r to the heart of this jumbled 

iiiy, huiinrled b\ Oue*n Rlkabcth in 1S91. 

Tnnitx ( allege on: u pic- 37 *ete- n( prime 

mid -city ilth] estate — and keeps much ut it 

shaded by tree* and covered with nruiK 

¥' 

dipped lawns Its undefgradttates affect the 
same fondness for mi.iu-.k:rl4i beards, and 
sideburns .ia dr> sturj^ni* in New York ( it v 

T* 

VVv ful |ii wed bnokjadep group playing 
some of each into Trinity s new + starkly mod- 
em concrete library. 

J w as disappointed not bei ausc \ disliked 
thi. idea of Vicfiiu^bo™ architect Paul Kuri- 
Ink's functional structure in tile midst of 
Trinity's vintage scene Bm l had wanted us 
w: the Li 1 1 1 m; Ro*j|iii ufibe nfrf librury, where E 
expected to find the college's ifrcnlest treasure, 
the niislh-centua? Book of Kelk 
“Pni ufniid the Long RotmVa tcin^>nrar:|y 
rioised," a JihrLu-jun apolo^Ercrt “.Utor ^everai 
L'E'Siiuric^ of dry ml , is a taking rathcra Eohg 

m 





CObMTlF.5 Of I HYLAND 



l.idl rrr- 1 1 .nil 

ft If 1 rt j,Ll 

Cqrim.Fi 

Llrfrfrncl IL^tti 

Wt±tTTlfli±h iWtak-At 

Stem 

v-zr^rEflil k .j&riyi 

ftfsHfcrffWpil 

Car* 

twfSitaui 

ft .Urt»,W. E Ll 

P^r-z-jll CB&r.i 


N lM£LCPiD 

Qi. h 1 1 - li.lijK 

*, h t u.Hi IM Hi 

Arrtrr 1 b/tntl 

\r,m 

E-'«an jar j u lWi_— 

Ap-Tiftg*; (Amil 

Kvri 

fHTiU 'Wi 

ts*»n 

K>l<?iin iKM 

Ft^rciWicin, Hlc*' 

IfrH 

t'^frny Kllk 

P|fP 

Ltuvjbnuh^rf (LWi^' 

Lojuijjl . . «■ < 

T?i|fiT4>^ <T Ipl 

■“■pTijflf T|r' 




Ill IT! | Jfai L iLI|1f Wjy Ilthl IfVUI -U £ni I ‘ kf t'lr 

Ifdcb U i-PPpi.! -• i i h r+Vff 

irf *W Hi "- "f if -I I wm fif 
: JiJ|l-E .’.il'-yrnni- ri;i— Te,H| m^f'i' TWllinf iJriiimf 

rftp njtilbc WflT i .■ . * i* . ■ 


JfetJ'llrttllrif'jJlrf IJ,D U- 1 >b piKlh-- :!iiNrii« 

n-ufntjnl 1 rr.n-t*t wi+tt rfi ifl?," tA WffiiPrl^- 

*wh >N r P'fEair '£: A ?rf#rWth 
fAii jirinuriB^’ Akynin £fl£JYpMc rocii'tm 
L^ein/IA "ji i*PiPi*i^nH li?f. 


V* !,■ Jfi* j 1 Sinawm, j Lfup Kf dUn Spiir iift 
.Vmj rtj wreii to £q Pl ilS 

.hi .'Uf " -j'-'y rnf,«: ■■ fsb *,* 

ipr-' riuU i i-rpir- 1 frfl |M r t Pi 1** ^»»cni 
iVhutipi:-: 5^i- fty ridric^jTn fnc 
j.nrf ? rcovTf erf 'TJilt 4^i!a JiMcfc&rii ri'-ii 


r^Jjyl 1 


nrnd ic-wdn jri j DumniiUn pyjAt »»ii I 

■j^Jicjcpp F**pp *i <Af A.+.I Jil-p 

4fii I'K *ttv- I M f crJf n -apiJ *, r-fTT- 
Air |Srsi r -f-ziJjjp i 'mi + 3 r Ardinf ■ “■ ri !i 
In nurn dun 


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a ■ iiiii jt 


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U«C^I e* w^+m Jlwr^tT r jPfi *Ji ijurt-M V*fP 

iJ-tif thr ihii|»^ i Mi*' i n isf.inn 1 ji JLnuij^ ferfl mi|-wp" 

I«|| I III n-!l jXW™ ’ hr Lll.r : hir Ilf Asii.ifl-r, 


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(L-jr'.rif i in Ai h..V Um: .1 Pi .nil tjiTii wn 

in Ayr .hr* , *nfi twr 

CrlirqiT^ lirrusl 


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v- jgp p flji* af W* P|i 

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ipf P' Btn r»n | 

tlj’i ridl *rtffrp il iiriliJ|»TVf4 

jihed" '■ - E0 1 *'“ 

^ nc Kt „i luwimll. ^ 

Uiijj# bvfsd nKOli.T, ■Jt^fwpnnp' 

k fiWw'h, jtiJ flr- fS ii'dnf iir 
(Pi B(jy4jMtd i I t J i>f * 
i Itw Ap 

zJturg * -^OO ffjn 12' 

Dublin 

3 J*r-J-L^YB 


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mi .'iuiJF- .iUprmd ih i 

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AfJiii r.-. A'dtn : 
znrlini l^w/ursf .'utjr /nr v 1 '^ 
Wfi" 1 i faff ‘frwr i"rfuiti i*^ rfliW 
A-ifii|« ^ni'--"l iP:iprf imperha nc<,„. 


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#,*fii.i nun ctii uu sj 3 fill i j_ iin. r oci m i * lyinrinrf 
-fir Ifid Tn'nilf lii ui £h eJit rtmUH M ttto 
Jkdi&tiuht&kf St Tkt 

1*4- LilKf l*i .cU'w I Aw ‘Ulfiuuf iiril^m a,P li'eifl l "lL- 


Sii ijti iTrt jr 




- 

fli.riiy r ilji-' -.Jtktf. 


vkiihO> 

, fl , d pf KiiW-iAl 

y Wh*i ■ ’ . Z-rf Old Head V 4 I^ nji/e. J.rfiFiiP.in (liwr i 

*■■■ -Hinag -||J l^i L- i fsitfl.r i :B J ^f--rf|rt' * i^idWrk- •**. ■» PKr 

rm-ioni Ilih*- m fcJ 4 r f ’wS *-fn i k is i ^ '.yn 


v ^i[>CA*npiiii sfflan 

s J* » ™ 

_ T1 j— L ' T— ^ — 

s.rx\ li re mue i 

VrktrJi ftiiTfMrff — 

tH iTCEL #?E^i ^-^prf I |i l ^ , f^n r S.- 11 

£Ai:'ifi4h*n: ->£1 nt?t 





limy to ftv Hul you'll find I hi- Bvtik of KelL m cr I here " 

ii ■ 1 1 1 1 i vl‘ i I ( ii i vm.iJI i- s l.i--. cLi-t in ihiM-niriUJi r 
hhlll Mil i f.i "ii. 1 1 Isii. i. I n;{ 1 1 ! ' M. >[,11 L, l.n '.vJl.jI tv. in> 
bibliophile hjivec-idtot Hie finest ill it mi netted manuscript in 
cxIa^eiKe rpajze 3 fifty It h as lost sovrrpil pages; been stolen h 
stripped isf jt* golden «"v, r. and buried; am i ;l century .uin 
wjLi 1 himizhl JL',--fev trim m ed by A G&reks - binder, who ewij 
ait att-cty tilts '.''L-t s c*r -some of the. lltmikiikUinn- 

tkspiti? K$ tn 3 venturi this ornately dccoraied O^iphJ. 
survives as the crow nine ai'Ctutipfeshinefil uf C.l-EiU an. 

h^birs can detect the hands ni at Soi^r iniir ni (be monk 
[LrtLsL- ni Si CoJu mki'. Monastery of K.e31s, in Con id y 
Meath, in ihe mLrmwopic tracry of its fniiia] letters in 
them ■ 1 1 c m twined ■'!■ h light- hearted Oe-ttk fancies 
ac rebate W rd * .mil 1 1— l puau^ c ah chasi a p mict\ and men 
puJItnc each other s beards. 

< hjindr ;u:;;ir, we sought some Langddc reminder of 
Trinity S ln^t-kniiwn ^mdu&tc — though they could hardly 
have claimed him a> such ai the time. Jonathan Swift at 
tended Tritriu for lour yeam, faegiji'mjip in [fiSi, hul he 
s^uizakL'it lKi r • i u llH mdy by < pedal dispensation 

I luTr was nothing eli Trmity tan evoke dir gluiil ol Golll 
vers £ realm -i> v. e funk - mr search m \i morning, in - h t mi-re 
obvious place The caustic drain himself occupies a tomb 
beneath the paving of Dublin's hallowed St PfttHcfc r S Ca- 
thedral, where he presided for 32 yen n=. Hb beloved Sid hi 
rtsts uni) a few feet from him. But cwn here we got no 
^pe o( Swift 1 he m&a 

IsjdijttjiaboEi Uws On in Ferit'ded IWe?. 

I nminiioned myqUcst toToiit Shefchy of JreLuid’i leh hi i [ru- 
ble Tourist Board, which operates under the Gaelic name 
Bard Fiillle — htJsraU) Rtaird of Welcomes. Jam {uickerl n« 
ciET Ed St. Patricks again 

h+ Votj'l I find Marsh s Library ju*t U;i,-k nf the ciLlhcdm]." 
he direr Led. “Oldest public library in Ireland Ask to see 
ClnrenduJi's History nf th r RrhfUinn ' 

Inside a building obviously unchanged for centime-, a 
helpful Hbriiriuh showed us the book— th* ^ruju deiun's i*wn 
copy of the Earl of E 'lurcnWs chronicle of the CromrweJ- 
iutn wiirs \ passage detailing the fate of Scotland's Mar- 
mils of MoJilrriH 1 cmighl nr* eye 
"That hr was . . to be hanged u^n B ? Gaifpjm thirty fool 
high, tor ihc space o-f three hours, and tlicu tu W ijiken 
dow n, and hfc bcJidtiihe cut off upon a Scaffold, and h^ogcif 
on. EdmbortfUjfih I'nlhtw Ik his k;? iind armes In he fuJiuM 
tip in other publkk Trn.vn> nf lht j K : n u r 1. 1 m 11 
in. thL‘ itutrym hcvkfo ii, t Fmlc pr:ncili j i3 snriK- \ yi-jirs 
ago '-till crackled with ine)ii!Mijtiorii \n i.lmirer >f -I tSci.L- 
for their support of Cromwell^ revolution tmnin^l Ehs p 
■Gwwn, I he in Lem penile Du an Swift )uid leslily srmw I ■- ■ I . 
u ( fb hf ike win dr Nut ion to a Man were just su irraled. 
Wad treacherous damiTable inriTmdl Scots forever" 
Scholars love Marshs Library, for ii suivivtis dmnifl ex- 
ikdly as Jl w m ia SwitE r ^ iJa> Otic, wbti calm 1 twice in L« 
diil io In consult the Fruphtiirs of Joachitri, pritiEetl ip ] 589. 
Buddann rtnvelUt jatnes Joyce Was then only 20 . 

Joyce's Bavorfui Liublin pmbablx an nurts iii miiny Literan 


Hou^li-actd -tumble gum: hiiri,- 

ing — -uts iHsh vendun nf fieM Jiockey 
— pic* (ktwndned nvats 
thrredboidoog iuJi $tkka. They but- 
tle Til tival the biinihar, o.r fj^k on- 
rkr 1 he coal's crassbiT far thiet 
polnls r>r mn it fur nm 
rompelf fur OJI Imur with ant: time- 
out and th roc 1 -uhslirtitioris -for 
urJjy, 

Ifk m -L- 3 JT.Lian.iJ_t q;:±rne hefoft 
4.LCHKJ -.TH-rinlorf at IJinr-rn k . blue 
ah d- poJ d ^=tn Lti^ I Ti pprra? y I heated 
C'nr k. theu vviis tickjUcd hy Wciford 

for the aJl-J reland rhnmptoFiHkpfi in 
Dublin bust Septi'nilsei. Lc^ctid tmr- 
es the jiiipuliir eu aneieiit times, 
when IrDh heroes proved iheir m- 
vitiiibiHly mi ihe IsurSini! GrJd. 




pilgrim* «-S due- the r.ii > Swift knew -and 
mote of Joyce's Dublin survived.. A( nearby 

ifltfidvcovf, beside ibc Irkdi >i'n stands the 

— 

TSO-ycar-old Ita-wer in which he .^ct the opem 
ing: chapter of Uiy?se i I>Jivy Byrnes public 
huu.se in Duke Sfttfci — the ^nmrtil pub" erf 
Ulyttrj — fHll opeft* its dour?, daily, though 
the .saiedustdEttered flours have given way t" 
wiiilAo-waJI carpet, mdlow lighting, and the 
bt|££ <il ixuTtnib hour conversation, Mr Junes 
Mulligan's estuhlLdbrncTd in Fo&lbcg Simi* 

i in ifie utfaer lusml, eiie- its wmy agrwiihly 

mu Ji lined, printer? from the f. rish JVfj.t ^t:l] 

crowd the backroom "snui*'' where Joyce 
wrote ?omt: or ihc short stories in ’Puhltfirrs. 

v HyrucV ar il Mulligan - bring Up 
another subject., not necessarily lltemr;a — 
ncarK l£ t EJOQ Ikensed irinkimj 
u-tublishm.EfUs. The Dublin ih.sdtuT.inn that 
cater* in lumlulhc pubs — Guinness produces 
the Sion's si rare <«i beer consumed m Ireland 


—occupies aspr&wIttiJE .Sn-ai re -ite beside the 

River lMty\ 

“But we dm't make H with Uifey water; 1 
Stilly Ptirter fcnlrl me the minute E shook bis 
hand “That's an old hereby. We pump as 
much as 2% million RaHtms of ?rpiinp water a 
day from -F mde^ avva) in County Kildare " 
lie E irked oil ihe lari-: Largest private era 
ploycr in Ireland, with 4 h CXRJ workers. A mii- 
linn pints produced in an average day 
A3 most as obvious on ihe t>ul>lln *omc fts 
the puhi ind the utifqujuins Guinns bill- 

boards arc thrive passports to instant wealth, 
i j i k l 1 ts i -ii l hr Iri *b H os p i l : ils ‘ Sw w pis l i ikes . 

u ‘l hey cost n E^^nd each, and find buyer- 
[n -nmcthinR like 14 7 c min tries Val Joyce 
l ■ ■! i.l me lathe Sw-eep^lnkes 1 ipiwwlm^ build- 
ing in suburban toHsibridfe ‘ TEieru arc four 
rm t-s a year, and after each one. whining tick- 
et? can be redeemed for as much tte* tFH.uOU 
—the equivalent ol $J2(J # 000,i +1 



. . 


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t , , v ^ Vji i A- - 


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Critic vision rji Christ, urru^rukd li> 

Rhgt!b b imd pcicoriu, ilHnnin^sa leal Of the Jluok 
nr Kc\U X LtiLfa -century ftumk artisb | -jh iit^eiS -ml 
fim* ntm\ ihc Mu-p.uSe jL KeEL-, in Cmljcii.:- 

Mi.-j.iLh Tlte Eibmr il rrintf > f'ullFjpe- preserve* 
tho niarLtr-rptrrr-, lauded by Jijycc u 7 1 Hr 1 mm min 
htari til Ir'^h inspiration." 


TtufiirnUh piigdtui^t: Ifi hi Mint St. ^itrick; \ 

flH.'Jv'Sl ri?wn ;.ialli i*n L rnujrfi Putrick EcSli bailefoni 
pemu-iit*. Thousand? irek 1 - 'I ■ sumrr.it nl rhr 
2 ,? I, CJ-a'rH 1 1 mjiLiniam in Cuutily Main fiir 
i lie I i-L-ii S nn i hiy i n J ui > 71 ie ui y co m men voralh I h l- 
maiSioiwry who, iuxnr-lm.i2 io u reviTi’d EmdiSton, 
ra-LLil litre fur 4l,< (Lay ■ 



PreibiUK il.i." piiiini i i-ast, f ir. Gcorn* 
right, of University Dublin, rKuiv-iite:. fi 

re mrnpti’H r.i Knowth. Htfi- with -ludetiL* hr 
umruvers a. small rtiive, ohe of more than a ilincJi 
-LiTTEiijnihrs^ .in acuf-sire ArLt=ji ini moured V- iihni 
the main roiwund he tfikovttffcd M hu^c cham- 
ber*. Tarred deujralhms* and crcmaied remains 
i i> M j aCVi \ rors b> M a l Ik 1 o probably rrnm The 
rU'min ftminMila. EaeavatioiiF aim raniitiiie at 
Nc-w ilmltMiE Lu CutUil\ Me-fcdi 

3.b& 






Thnl& a lot uf monuy, T 1 i retarded , to fatl to 
people pr^Ltzij ml I ■■ out of the sky, *Ii LO ht 
At: reed “‘But not what it wai in the old day* 11 
tn 1931 ik'ktft number F/MI I 2170 mi a 
horse nanied Graklr, he tied more than a 
third oF a million pounds "And a pound 
then/* added Mr Joyce. M waa worth needy 
live of your dollars," The real Sweepstake 
winners of course, are Ireland's hospitals 
Since 1930 (heir share- — J.5 percent of the take 
— h ns tutaled well over $2DOJ)OO t ODU. 

About this lime aline we'd read an a guide* 
book became an insistent refrain: "Dublin 
isn't Ireland, isift Ireland, isn't Irelastd " So 
\udrey (ten, and 1 speeded up crtir plans fur 
ii. reb ( n u:l -l:.i: W^.llrl uU OB •< 

[]is: gentle farmlands i ■ f YVk hlnw and Wvx- 
Furtl to the seemingly tropical south, where 
palms survive ai i he luUtodft of Labrador. 
Cork, the Re pub lie's second city p would lend 
to Kerry’s ^ceiuc magic. Then we d make a 
Ions up the rocky h Island- waned west 

coast to ' Yeats country’" and the windy head 
lands of Donegal irmip T pag£ 363 1 


FErst, though, we dewe north one morning 
to County Meath for a glimpse iniu the dim 
recesses of Ireland's past 

"U i- have no idea whatsoever who buflt it," 

^d aicheplc^tst I'eier Harblson ""They were 
probably ll suiail, stocky ran rati - 

loti king people, but we haven't even, a name 
for them " Dr Harbin mi bad just led 
through a 62- font passageway jn£o a dark 
burial r bam her lit Ihc heart of a ■^i^i^-year- 
o)d t _ 7 7!» -foot-wide mound Lit New^rnrigc. 

"Thi -tory of Ireland begin?- here, you 
might say," he wen Lon. L| Mound* like these — 

We call them passage graves — are the oldest 
things we have iliac, reflect the existence m 
Ireland of a complex social organization. " 

Buttklm ihc r>ire uf office desks formed 
the walU of ihe chamber* rising one upon an- 
other tn j massive capstone 20 feet above the 
door. Uit.5 <>i bruken stontt driven into the 
crevices between the blocks, 3a^ i a siLiib :is 
l be hand- of Stone Age masons had Left them. 

Only these chips ami I he engineering skill of a 
tiame I ess, Forgotte n people kept the mnilar!^ j fi7 







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-truKturt i'mitm Fashing * lawn ujkiiuhij heads 
Xou wc wt-re Mud* tbr our rirriiil. h af I hi; 
Jn>h r<KJ 3 Ui>s 3 dr. but we wt-re still mil i&Urd 
to escape the t hread of Irish history We drove 
OlEll i liniLaiih the gn-F'ii lii 3 U Hi ^n klmt 
|'= I ki ■! If H r 1 1 1 1 1 * r j p,* | ; j ■ ; r |-j] rr { \j |, 

lnw T and | jickwl L 4 |i Nisr history h'-vn a^nm 
in. of all | jIlli lzs. a ( • iuriLy Wexford barroom 
LonjE before dark, Michael Fudpnjf^ Lem 
public luiuse in die village of hmlksmilb 
hulked with farmer.* ^Hil wearing their field 
rUdhe* . Lnii mudd> shuts an rig b> ,l man* rsur^- 
i : l ; ■ i its of dark spoilt. Uehimi the but u sijpi 
announced an appearance of the Bujly lannan 
mummerb tim would fie ft ran; tn-.n, for 
few places in the Republic presefve this 
att h .lie enUTtiiinTitent 

I ri h di!nni Fi^jhkn R$niHt'd in ft-raxiu 

R w,sj itciirh 1 D JO before the mummer^ 
appended' — :a d-niceii men m izreeit mild. try 
cops ami crossed ^ash^ of ycHruv and green, 

■ uirying short wunden swards. To chf insi- 
ivi'il sniitnJ- oi m pirtrm . m arc<irdirm k and a 
mouth OfpAi thej hupped and pc voted In u. 
simple step dance, imackinu their wooden 
i Tides together in fin tatpeafe rbythm Ami 
one by onr> in words written Long ago la keep 
alive Ireland's burning diistrc Mr uuh'ptind- 
I'ju iv ihi-\ inn L Lin: parts th the friM-dnm light- 
er* Of nearly £00 Vfcftrs — I'rr.iu 1 he Christian 
king Brian Bom* tvlm defeated Uic Viking 
invaders m ad lit i, ini Father John Mur 
phv p a prtctl- lender In .1 I 7 *>$ rpvoll against 
l hi- Crown. 

Wr dmpjwd by next morning about nine: — 

1 Eihaslly hour by Jri^ji standards — t 0 thank 
Mr huriniLj fi.it |nw SiuspiPiatly UtUt of iht 
mummers, wlin the night before hurl 'ting 
iuitisy md id ten, drooped mnmsch nt the 
bar. Hr had hrnn^iii hi- bh yde right tabs tl t 
pub with him Une hand stcaihecE it and the 
1.1 Mut trad led the refnnahbs of a pfni. 

“The morning .liter 'L" be the v. m -1 ” be 
managed to say. He downed the last drop and 
prduled glumly away 
At New Rm-t- u bridge l juried us from 
t outily Wufdrd to CuUntv Kit ken nv I n ■ 1 " 1 ■ ■ ■- 1 f 
the tii^ri' 1 - narrow m mI b- yjiI- bit Atan a 


* rn^diiM- .1 n.irmw lime. sheep lie Ad Mr 
Jiun-i ipji the I vnub Cna&Ui: idrm.il Fxpljlt?,- 
ixital , Coitmy Wesfonl Phritprir^iibft Siitr^j 
Jolnfd 1 hi' hoys at their n'hrjft^ while lie 
:at Uir lOOkyeiir-Jilil Cr^slpir luhirir- 
?tCLiiE, otic 1 t" ftiltuihri Li ch^l intnrifliu"L r n lyi up 

to the deUghts of mrrd IrelAnd 


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Huulpippc m\ uLihh: Wilis ,i inwpr-<Srivi:ii uijt|j«r 
-fic-i l Tutnitii W.aJi df WaL|tffa«] 3 .id ■ T \.\\Wn k‘- 
,i va-c 71 r i ■ - i-nt «i h&i lall r 1 ■ Kirh..irl 1 ’nniinuJ l'n 'hut; 
in Jlirsi.,., Vjf W.fcll *- 5n h-U£ ■ m* lilt: ikt 

1 LLTi 1 Ill-El ' ■ L'ntJi Ilf .imtH ATlff Q I L'H L Lily -1 1 i HIT h h LLl I il I Wft. 

WhMaI revived lefld-viy&iftl rr^ i.n Hire \n 1 ^S 2 . 

'tint* 1 Juiiirfc'-tf ;» juggjL-i^ jnim- kfiiny p ;. n-h-i - 
kiiii fiTL-cJ i j | as Lit ,i In. i'l I . Smiuii I Inr t\i> drodrallllii 
■ li‘;i -nrvH ui -n ’In. .■VrL.m'.t [ ! i- rr i:> ;.n n i . Min' - 

W i c k 1 1 j v, ^ntJi ptfinlliiLy hiivi‘ mnrt than ipiudnlpbsr! 
Irdiuid 1 * ittfiustrinJ i spurt.i jm th 1 1/1 . i 



4 • i* <Hr kiT|[4NP mil C ■ - ^ 


HLLhdiTHLtUi£ ntl JieilittdriL. Mj.liin-1-n i 'nnvl cJi n |iair- 
.1 Willem t j.riir. I -il I>u-fiP ia ] E ,ir|ji v- J.ld m Mi-'- 
ticm-. Mm\ ctf Hit i-iiTnjMi ii.> 3 75 mplwfee* All tihtcrx 
hr m w KantE-knt^Ecri Woul farthHs, .nrm- ll.^ w^cJe- a - 
li I i. To eiuffUra^ ftr w n 1 1 hi 4 1 iv>, II i« Iri&h Cm c m - 
tni'nl 'JlVrb JO-ypni lux iutirF^.JiHi^. rj_-h Ltr.iuU, ^uul 
ready- twill fdcmrlr£ hr rj-m 




MO 



n h>i k ■ ba 1 1 n 1 blare: d f rom a \ i u fc 's o) m pi i I > mr 

-I tfd \i,'krr: ihg i‘0fc.i Wrtr nmntfri 
E Vf p v* / .1*1.1 h hr art tM i ifti y . 

John. F Kctttit’dy, mul n«w hi* brother 
RobErt, Lire a? iirtnly enscnn red in Irish hearts 
ns a ti> I jorrtt -u: r- > w n h e roe s Set on 1 1 u iu sin 
Man Ryan iher maiden muiw rs kennedyi 
wbs away from lilt 1 linmolead at neighboring 
Demgai&towii frnm which jp^^mneifather 
1 \Ai jl k Kennedy fled IQ America in the l&40% 
to escape the Great Famine Hut We found 
Mr ? . iiyanV daughter Josie shyly pnis-Lrfi rfcsor 
over the little two -room building limn 
hiidifr all l h it renojih- nl the original t'otlapcir 
Marrow. kitF waited ruacLs ted th back 
dtmuy:li NVw Ross, on the River Harrow, 
where Pat Kenneth jirnh;iM took ship for 


i hi; New Wiii'kt, and then on to Wiilvrfnrct 
flip «it} 'it- prettily bcaid* tin' Rivrr Sulr. 
bull he iKt:.in-Ej(oi(i. -I iheit lie up along its 
whr-tri'en n>i tarry aw iv Ioarii of Iri-di 

i: n u g rai Lt- and t IweFs itnof h c r \i i «rv . 

A* if tSiu Great Famine had nnt been burden 
CElMbghi a rtcpresAion swept Ireland in the late 
Busin failed — arnmiti Lln-m. gnu 

\\iA haili'arrled WMerfard^minc i'muiuI I he 

uairld And -n for atienLun colli vlur- -cuLired 
New Yurk City and \ewf<ju ndla] nl_ Ik: run nr k. 
and tin: West Indies, lor Liu heavy, spark I in*? 
derwitrr* and dishes thtil hnd made W.ner- 
ford famous. In Waterford itself, even tht! 
1 rival inn n F (Jie nJd factory was forgotten 
Thirteen hundred people wurk here now, 
*aid pretty Jennifer Jnlin^in us slit; showed us 
through .8 UimmujaLL new plant that has riaeii 





... 


kitvtnK the Hlnmtry Slone ■ 1e mentis .1 
helpiFw ImihJ file vbiim rtmisi btajii bjii.k 
.Lb'J down In r'l-.ttli the fablerl fcpol mirlrr .1 
IbeLre 1 of Hli.Lrm^ Ci^Lk. o*ix (.kirk Nn one 
rrmi'riikrs the tFrigill of th^CUSMim, wtikll 
h irupi.HJ^'l lo COB ft r lli-t: jriiU rl Lu ciijol l\, 
I Jilt t ht wo n I '111 lursi' y 11 m □ hii vr cm rri’-i I 
Lht lLisir-i-h i lti _" i 1 ; 1 14« hy was « ,3 ijulm-i I Hi 
. I i ill 1 'f'liL 1 IhiI'i] h\ l liv ». . i- 1 1 u ttfldtifrJldBiMft 
.kidjmir:>lh t_Lr k , ■ inr 1 »ry ^<n a; 1h.1t 1 foe 1 ,mj rii 

■ L’Fwted hU fitter, wirFi the 

1. riE Mill: . u r:i me n t . W ha I f M< ■ r t* EE 1 11 m 



■ ns-, iJJ n,u, 


Fuvoiitf jKisfiEili’ in Cut! ill > (,'ijrk. rQi.it! 

•••vJinu draw*, u Sunday crowd of hector? 
WMtf ^hlifeil Dennis Sctilh Hingi- u. jk- 
e.ijIii.l 1 iron hall.iiiiinp it rr.L'jV-is md 1 1 11 1 • a 
U hi'iv ehic i chiiJ hendv the howler ikltifijlh 
Inl't* | he! ball f 43 1 nJ 1 1 ,iLPni± llliL' curve. In ihi>- 
llliiLih S«. ill] •■ and hii rival Jsihnny Olhirk- 
uifimc finished n'i fc h : n □ tew U’i 1 -n iwh 
other after U ihrom-. wit h O'lJoroghut the 
winner. Tlic ancient sgMiil sometimes formic*, 
ftnrs for ub^trudiiKg Irailu'. 


phodriixlllw to \\ikv 11- place ipnge 3;i)i. “Hand- 
Mown and hflJifi-i UI WitU'rfufd zmzs .lII ovgr ihc 
World arain. In fiict T we hn\ e to ruliuci ^ 14 |ipl Ei^f. 
"1 i.'ur ttaultitt Ami VYiiterford toicn,' n she ni n- 
duded with a smite, Am* hitppj 10 seek Uieir 
furtUne* riubt here in Ire] mid.. 11 
Hu w lii.il I all thi- i:oitir flhMp 
,h H vvasn l Johnson. ,4 Fot sniar- 

U a ceJiLun. nti one ;m Waterford hud made so 
much n> a drinking glass. 

J+ At firsts the craftsmen r nine from oversea— 
Italy and t rcrrnuii\ CXpttlinrd "The Iri^h 
nii'i i vh- h.ivt* uJu-ai their \Atu Ported Iimtu- 
itiu pit l\ tirtfM fth 1 Eill in their raid (Jo the 
average, mir iim.-der I p 1 1 1 c a r^. and engravers are 
probably the youngest in the world " 

"And yntir rnu*t lit 1 l he heaviest I sup 
gesten! after neftin^ 31 nthim tmpby — j m;^ive 
I >1 j w f on vvh k h ti skill fully cnp;r Lived In j n r i ■ I eared 
n hetige jump. 

”TI]icty4hrei! fLenioiit lead. ,r said Miss jnhn- 
son. ^ThrttV whrti gives Waterford its weight — 
and it_v icy spftrMe.^ 

Modtfti Toudnh E etkt |u ‘(iypsy’’ Wb^oos 

Good natureri Curk^ (>3 mihps farther along, 
ranks second only lo Dublin in popdlutiut^ 
iliuligh jt shL-!iri:r^ lr ? - Than a qiiurlei' as muny 
people- But it trap to dwji r^Xvr of yhanms^ in- 
cJuiLin{_ r tiic: -.uuih of fretuiLd'? Mtiuy at cettl ;tnd 
— llki' I'. 1 nr - — d river encircling aL- 3 he»ut Hie 
LL'c t wrote port Kdtitutid Sljen.^r, "undu.mih 
Cofki with Ms devilled tlood" 

\Yy iiUinrl rdidtown r rLtrfic stall .erEurucinnpl^jii- 
ingI> , heltirkd a gfgbeffng <kf barrel? sh iped> boi^e- 
ilrrnvn waguns Eacli ciirfied four b^thtji tiny 
kil ch i-rt* an 1 ! ■ t[i l.i rtei «jf fre: h fu ce d Dy t l - h I ren - 
Aut-r* viijuying "in <' j tht! u-jrlrf- vreatest bur 
H&nA in lei^urt'ly trac'd. For about $15 tnch a 
wi'L-k, they nr re* l white -1 p-^ient horsu 

pulled them slnwly from town Ed lown through 
Mirur i^i Ireland^ mosl beK’uilim; cotintrysiilr. 

Kni ail the C4t&van> are frffiifily pajiriud. 
though,, or driven by youths on holiday. Vou r.m 
?s|ji ■! tlie uiJd W 011(3 n a mile away b\ the ra^i- 
UggU 1 1 r I i;tr 1 . 1-?.? a 1 1 ' I 1 -md 1 1 1 oken - l 1 1 1 \vn 
wheels and pieces old fron (Jed to in and by 
Eh e ritimber nf ^rcople with it nomi- of EJLem hkn: 
u.- nikt will king |ji-cau5i' there’s m rtaeti ir^rlc, 
This will be a Fatnlly of tinkers. Ireland 1 - "n\ .;>- 
-ti many nf urhose ancesiors took fib the roads 
dun op the Great Faniiiie The vil- 

l.tiiL-rsi ft:: tr inri mt- Ernst them,, for they live as 
us'ten by their wit-, b l^ by hunc^l liUior 
i k p n a uboiil -umi- tinker.- 
O r 1 1- 1 J 11 r k 1 l;i % .1 li.ir.il of them came Into ujl 
3ni!3mongrr T > and funeral director shup in the 
tCptitinufd mi J7 7 ) 


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] ikts .■ ^pidf'r"* lruwc>\ m ■ '■ ^ ■ I web the face 
erf Cflimlv ( tii .1 wii y Ltafrjiitf the jp'ot 1 1 1 li at inn nifes 
I ! ti-li ILT 1 ( ■ I J ! ■ ■i't I'urttllTS— | i.LtfUl ulii rr y j,fl lllr 

w'est — fttru.irrlu- tn Wfeil .1 1 i \’j nu from u> li thin, 
rorky muI In remunc* piml* thirdship 'i drove Hsim- 
uni- 1 1 1 uiiipvlle IturLng 'iii 1 1 1,1? 7 C! veins The 
Irish Land Curnmi^iuri hiu |iu rc"h L mrtsf. farm* 
ui i i re - r-i r 1 1 h rn i n a r mr r tonan : Still w. i ■ ■ rr it 1 r 
their land im opportunity in IrcliitnJV 
i. i tie TIil- farmed Willi remain, rnnst tr n maJJ 
1 1 n I rli rvprB, ji-tf-Lurc stwp pit ihr sparse jras : 4 .nul 
film’, ^nd potatoes in warn padlicv 

Htii the Iflnd Ii.j 2 « ■ i, i-Jirlv offered a new imirtu 

■il Heft Mi Gal wav mirmiif im- 

p.i>vi.-r Iciiil. ihu . and hifver in i'rsfcifltv Trpjn'Fstn . 
un area rh.il ! .,m ln-f :. i. ndled a "liUlr jtftartj Klcin- 
flike H ywld* silver, £mr, ^tipper, eeih| ]ead Metids- 
nnr*. .mi I :n.?;ap l>mu[zhi ir. hiUhKI l;Lit yesur 



(1 nm makc-s h h n i >ri I ■- r ■ m , - m nry Cork lam icf 
MkhilH TlhhIh'i ^-triufitu j ^-L l"iijiLi3ira^ rfirop a- hr 
-deary five • uiumi- of llan'r In throe numjlrs 
I’flflTM ffuflt from fhi&se ScotiJiii irfnckf ace sheep 
fill b i nrj'L-b- 

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Tlit- Friendh \rhh 



wt-7,1 i«l Ireland (You'll ad dam Kind an I rt^-l j 
undertaker who hiisn ' sank other btlaiftfc&f-tii 
tide him over period* of pond health among 
his neijjMxtfs) One of the inkers had died, 
and hi- Iriiritb w udird to Uuty turn before 
ti U'.y mu veil utt. The only Lruuhlc, lie ivll a 
great bcirf of ft man. 

The undertakers tfcrk showed 1 hena t hi: 
biggest box he ha±L They shook their head* 
dotiljtfuliy, then brightened. ShxhildiTi the> 
ifj>l burrow il to I rv ll lira ^ Who, itliiughl the 
t|erk B > i m Id turn aw m even a tinker uI.ylk.Ii 
a Lime. 

The little hand w^ back tte^F mormon 
eye? downcast and shaking their head? Fhey 
genLly set the eoiJ’tn back where :i IhmJ stiiod 
A week passed before t hi undertaker found 

out lie iw {lrt'crly I he linkir ! 1 . 1 1 ith irnl . 
free ajid decent burial fur their di: par Led male. 

just before Sunday noon we dutifully 
searched olil fYniir^Umi --i Ann Shmnlmi, 
whi'iH 1 pie h aid ileeple—baill from red $tQltib 
Lind white nut 1 - -adva^cd from ^.Lflser -iriK- 
ture; — houses ( utk’.- Limed Kulk of Shandim* 

H'7u?jr sfrtiHfii \o mid wnutd ? 

In t hf days rf rhittihiw tl r 

Fii m ^ firmmd my < mdlr 
Thfir mn£ii ipfU&* 

I had heard lhal visbnr- mm permitted to 
ijy tin 1 Li hand •. ,P piayms the lamed bell* hut 
the front door was firmly locked We could 
sec crowds si reaming from a neighboring 
K - m iiid t’ad ip>I i i «. a ti i e died. 

"There aren't many of the other den-irni- 
nutioil hern .1 home weird- him Hr l Catholic 
paused to telT u^. in a confidential whisper 
“WcVt 95 fjcrttnl Roman in the Re public* 

ym know ’ 

I daub? ihii! d iyllmi* ever ht^l iht 

gateway to Cork's othei major ait ru*. lion 
closed* though iomv of them may dismiss the 
whole thing ns so much blarney We didn't 
and found Blarney Cuttle rnimndng — a 
super-ruin where, for s* long a* they like, 
youngsters can crawl into dungeons, peer 
from Sally ports. aftd stomp through thr I ied- 
mo m. of ibe Lord of Blarney whose pleasant 
but evasive answers. Iri^fi Erudition id I? us 

"From. ''Hit Udlt el "-hnnilun" Krasi i Muiiuny 
^father LtmiCi 


Ml 

led Qtieen Riixubrih ! tojulri his name in the 
LtiHLsh Linguae* . 

\s for tfae stone - Yi si tuns v. ho deride U> go 
1 hr i -null with Eire ki— LU|_ NLuat might k-nicm- 
bet this Wk'fi you've nUece cried In bunding 
bio Lnl l'lli i'Ivu^i and are hanging upside 
down eight} some feel in the air ipafte MFt. 
don't panic and kiss 1 he wrong sronr 1 he 
Btamr y Stone t* the lowermost piece, a block 
about unc foot by four feet From the looks of 
the lipstick sml hn,ir~iul -.mcar*. about half 
of RlumeyK visitors wind up kissing the 
Wrong block, the uric jus I ,d*0vc il 

Vale Ile-iE IkhEecI u Sep il .v Ttme 

Wt mtTveil nan from Cork, threading the 
I lin k m,n 1- bj | hrizferjjnce One tixik ilj? Eu 
popular pnsiel-huei] which dmpts 

l hi 1 ■ i 1 1 nn i J s" 1 al ■ m l the Rj v ■. r Ran don like 
somf haJl forgotten Mediterranean iirhing 
■ ■ rr i Sn another, a sign toM u- wt- hud i nine 
tri BidhtULSs^irLliy. m tiny that mo?t guide- 
book- omit it ttllngethct Tm surprised. There 
iiU4bt tu be «l mi in ament put there h> the 
A rncnc un Aut e i mubi I v /V > oci ul i * m N Hun ty 
Ford's father badn*E left Ballimiscnrthy in the 
I irrirru- vc.ir^, WC might linVe liad h< dn ! ^ lLh- 
r i LIE. the M'.'ilcl 'I LiEid llJI iti ufFspririg. 

\head nov Li} the fabled ,tnd liirgcly xan- 
sunk vale of Ktlliimev — turning berau^r, os 
I lie crrepressible Bmidan Behan once put 
it. “even an .id man W^uld be ashamed to 
ilUempi Eei il ” 

The Irish m-isi thui Ki]hirm-> - piano must 
bt i listed li -ip ■ 1 1 a dim-, Iskc tint? b-mnd; Tu 
■ i Hvc ihc poim 1iH»Tse f they bar fiutomobite 
from snfiir oa thr be?i La'ail? round the three 
inkc- Audrey and ] n^iuie the circilfl fn:im 
rmwdvd Killarbey ruwn in i Ewu-wheel.-il 
jaujLtLiig car; Ren, in a inia^l of eulbusiithin, 
trnted a saddle horse and naJJcjped offaheud 
tirotly nafllt^l water appeared. King be- 
neath mist- veiled mminTajn- At Muck^o^ 
Ah he i mi «s*y stones mnrked rhe resting places 
cif girncratiDH L of Miictiilti^ddy% MnrC.ir- 
tbw k .md O’Sulllvdns. A Inn IK manor house 
Opened its duoa - ^ to ll-.. and wi- 1. 1 i in Ud RuSs 
C;cblfe T s cm ml.il in g iowvr for a beguiling view 
of flush fallen Island And linking them ail 
likt a .ueen 1 bread were the trails ibtil loeI 
through the vid lev's exuberant v«gvL.iUon 


(■In wing fire Jind pFEerpnon sun Muni tJic- ihnji nf lilaiik^nifelJi I '.:i Erick Tucrn^y in I he 
ljuit! vtlliijjt -if F-'ulk.yjtillt Besirli an rnip^ juvil. k li‘4n - i*n tb« brick framr-df Ju* 
forge and H'uiifli for cnitnmer.s wtui hriJig tLorse- LO :dnn r , w^gnhi to tiftfnd, and loots to 
■ Iri trhtc n kiarn pile's nf -rrap tri LiI, hr will $dcd the [ > mptf |nt> c- fur each job 

4 * '-fc-.-i P =.*Pl f ■* 


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\bilTlt|tl1lL L d 4 13 mv vur^t." of till" M“ a | n I > 1 1 1 . ■ 1 , H ■ i - : 1 1 ■ ■ I L 1 -r i»l Hh: -ki'l 3 Ullid 
ndr> iKi: Mimny Xisrth Atluntk otfT the Dni^rLt tVninM4 A vbilitic Mild 
((eftt mnU'hPi- hif 1 1 trv t h-r hues* of derelirt houM"^ :unJ iunnyiLrariil The 
ihree-sHju Life -mile outerOji termed wish lifts In fhr 1 when mMnskif 1 
ilhiL reluct hi^ frbrn hir. 1 ^ And hLHtllord*. They rniitf-tl *hte|j luil! 
dift" cut pr-Hi I n<m iTn hilL&des icji winter lire- nqi| iiiirvL-jUrri ihi- c;l 
i hir ftui 1 lii-s drove jiHsT|OPkM •- m in hulrhiFT And In Lml tirm-. 

i-HTEnei from Taiph Ftcljj^d Wind i>E! hufictr 

\|| n[ Ehi,"m hftfl r-ha 1 -spin I «ni t3if . c e:l and srmiLl nrenn in tJiemJ" Ttimni 
i i C rattan wruir v f Bla^kei'i. children In hJi mLiLbtiiojjrajjhy* 'H rr hlAitdniiW 
Itejl fJ i rnhan *Jitt I In: read, tiimirisr U) si.ir- it|?ri. The jilnu: u! u " hi. pir 
dined, 14 will never hr Aj^nici " 

The hiirnli life [timed yntan^ iKN-ppJr knAii> In J'fSv I lie '..kit £*• itlluibllEtnl + 
rii c-spird o ^fKVbirnrruMiF iiffn of hi 1 ! 1 , tmr . on iht iit'rtiiihijI.L Farmer 
resident* i above) wh& rowerl tosir mule- from ihe nunnland m ranvas-atnil 
tv i tod ■ LLCTiijdt.-., retrieve it witidinv I’fimi d 4Bu[ilrJ.i 'ed httltte 





KjilurticyK wdl^uiiited glurtaa marked 
■In: end of uur .swim? across southern Ireland; 
nJie-od now h\y the per reel ren&asft "tio right 
i ml tut hi" t i | « of the Da e i'enms ei[il a friend 
in Dublin bad advised 'if* whiTt i r . jartij iJ >. 
like me no Co beur Iridi npr^kifrii prupar] u^iaid 
tu Wiitch men iv ho still know Ii0w to uroiv a 
field of hay. 71 

I here Hib -.umethmf else th-ert ion ihu- 
threat Blanket fntil a few years ago This pile- 
i-hed mck -!j|i| ported Jfi liind'-s w^trmron i 
ttetdcmeEih the one about which people siuri. 
the fn£3d fLirinii u AmerSeiL \ wantfcdi to ssv ii 
out lung ii 1 j> left lit the runeed hamlet where 
:t handful nf Gudk^^Eikii^ fuhcrmlk had 
dung to Tltcar mirl life— '* ploughing she .-wiC* 
Blajkt tdKim Tomai O Cfahan called it-- 
liing after men Jilmoil bYdrywh&E dst? in 
nuri.lierti I'.Lan ■( n‘ U. id turned lo kindlier way- 
■ «: ear ni ci^: a In ana 

"Une day I here will hi* nmw left in the 
Ml ;u-kc fc t ( b C ruhan Write iti 7 f, r r 1 tilumin t j j i , 
\us h®$k uhulil the agOflV and nubility nl lifr 
on a sturm-s* u tired tod in thi Atlantic And, 
said Ini, w th« like of Ui wilt never be again." 

bland 9 iff Lives ( inly in Mr i a n n 

Keii Lind I -ouphft out John Lam i aviinagh 
In ii.sk ii he iould take US -.sc Eii^ the Fmir-mslr 
stretch of water “Ha's on the held, 1 ’ said Mrs. 
i ' ■ i. vnnaub from the door of 1 u-r *v hi Ur . i ■ 1 1 1 ■ ■ I 
stone house in [ti^quin ‘ Up there. Yell tmd 
a small h T y, n big hy r anil hsm-sdl-* 1 

S eu.hjj; ,. -n ii‘ Wy 1 1 > I J n 1 . . i m i [Mill l- ■ r > \ llLj 1 1 
his twr>boy5 iven? manicuring a freshly moiM f 
Held spiked with lu we ring li L iUiuk>. ' Yr'I. 
have to wait;' he said 'We're es pectin c the 
hull f □ 1 h e b o\t Ift r h it l ' fhc oau I -it n i I 1 ic h ci 1 1 
hv Liflrtrd ii! 1 1 1 l ■ 40 Venixn^Vlt ,meElt wlifj 
about impnivirjjz Irelands livestock through 
i he nut£it of nrtifkl.i] 

I hat aftertiLiiJii Mr. ( 'aVLLhjigJi roundvil up 
’ fi mi as di id A ] , u j n ce Lhi I ( B I us k e t men bo L h 
tSiey pronOtffl CiL'ill it “Uawlte JiTid I hi- thf^C 
id them lifted a black Zti-hNU-tonn ciimsgh 
down A i cmemslu rmri|i ;md e=n-i-i| ie into tin 
- : ■ -i. Jt was tuv rir-.i - l^Il t uf one of these frail 
boats, built tike an old fushiune:d umue of 
rliirli ?TrelL _ h^il over -i l''-i rnsnarwork 

In ipeccli unrf simK- Id-ti bi-M 1 ? o'U thrir 
natienh -inry ii ^Lid^ytsr idd KriiipfHitiiJi- 
C.Vvtle In ' ’{iiitih CliUT ThiE ]>xigrjnt fiikL- 
U>w< a medirvfll bnnquri fenturfnK hrd and 
unl.dt'i- sM isieail I'o prdvhiir thr enltrrtahk 
tiw.tiL Etkt ShaMinEt hfee Airport Develop 
rnr^S t lomppjiy pari nf the citvtlr 

from It- HU net lci.tn Mnrl Uulfi *- 


As the ilirragh n ilh'd sn iht surf, a stone 
! ■ r 1 1 hied ib bi 1 1 p.hti \ in i " F water begun lo wdJ 
up Lhruii^h the SLDntt v Lbicko^s of tarred 
v,v- l umas YJhily f/klmli stuffed M nf 'nir- 
ijtp sAl kui_ 1 1 e i. a eim the hulf lijm! m wuiM'li&n 
liti tu nlnw the leak and fwckiuieH us ahn irci 
I'nr ii; o"U > i r i in iu - K.rn i r , . I I -.il loih in l lir 

JT 

I mi mt, iVatt Iunl lls the LnSimd ahead "[ us : titer 
natelv listed above the heaving sea and then 
drapjrtd from sighf Each iLmc the men ln-m 
Ei i ilit- west; In of thtisr long, narrow d;i laded 
\n\nr, 1 Could Fed the ■. ar.iv.-L-. boUom uF ft he 

iMJilL LtiVe IVktll Mil' >Litk Lk.ui] pull uf the >i:vl 



>Js|l 







Twenty irjiri ajjp J It iM S i ^ te 1 saiil Tnmii' 
Daly ttfltt wi? hud landed und i ILErthrd up lo 
I In 1 villiiUf He kiodled .l little fire «it‘ » Irift 
wcfp cl m the house he had jrown up In ami 
put ■ m a pot in hi nt Fur mi lumr the Ii luisJ et 

flic hr n" I ft.-d.ily to life a*- dit Daly- brewed 
lesi while Kjen and I GKplnrrd its aht'Htly 
Thun we .ill fpfmfrled outside in iJm- soft July 
■in rhi ■ il' And., inevitably. the DaKs re mi 

■p ■■ 

in su ed on l h i' [ i ft 3 1 h ty 3i ad I ■ i' I - 1 h snu ii^ro n n i i 
Would rsover knuiv :iin 

“("uld rain 4fid *now in r.lie winiet 1 sold 
I ■ <nia- T with hardly .1 Ini "I 'l.iyli^hl and 


wind I ihiw I nil ait the time And ever ti trip In 
the m . l i i : 1 . 1 r 1 1 1 UX lim vmir Imv.h I ; 1 1 l 1 1 meitl ■ ■: 
tn ht'itr And tlic worst of all ' lu- added, 

“for the younu unra nt leash was thU Th«r 
was n r.i one in marry ,p Finally. in 3^5+ the 
iri-h 1 Ik wttf nirietil iKT-uiulfd ( : rea! Btasfcefs 
^ li nidiniiii: inhftldlan^ to ^svu up and move 
to the flea rbs muiiikkijd. 

% wv climbed h«*ii’k down co the run-rush. 
Eimui- mrried a weathered win doyvf mine 
under hi.-* .inn Slowly, itai- ImiiM- * in (refill 
llltiskn Mr bei&ts: reduced to mi;wd pili** 
M sterner q* men britiii back u doorway or a. 









Nation :tl t k'Oijr.tjjliii , Si-^u-mber I L *6 L J 


plunk liert\ ii Mriiidow tlu-i i\ lu use in hoirti 1 * 
on Lin? mainland ‘p.ibie? 91 
The hM* grew ev^t frumier os narrow 
mod^ led us into casiie-dottefl Cop nr. ( lure 
■ftmidreirib of castle*," said an Irish friend 
whin ms 4 1 i.h .it Shannon Asrpgrt Mare ih,u. 
else in Ireland" 

if 

t pridtfed up my ears tlcfore leaving hum*:. 
2 hart r tad an article about sfaapyring an Ire- 
land* ■ chopping for, among; other t-hin grj p ca_- 
tfei O'lkonv C ftillt, h luirtsuirL rihRiHt by u 
Ei ftwnt mOiiL fur duly S4 p 5tfD though jE did 

"r .i : I hi r. ■ ■ I »i r-m! " i. ' i :li \l,n -jarrvT .m 
moat but with rpoL - e rural heating and rijihl 
bath rooms, for Job fc DUO. 

Wc settled,, as Ho tno r nl Ireland** visitors, 
for something lesis than ownership of omr to 
Ehesfi draft y pili^ csf sicmiL Brendan l ''Rc^u, 
w In i ■■ i nve nted ' r SI famtofi Airport * dirty T ree 
s h 1 1 1 1 pi lie center 1 he saw i t a> a way g f keeping 
Shannon alive when t ran sat I an tar planes m- 
longer needed the .iir|wr: pt ? pji intermediate 
ruelime -dso Ireland^ inrisi experi- 

miil ensik expert on real live ^r-Eie^, nl 
lefts i He supervise three mapnidei'trt esam- 
ptc# hi which, nearl> even night of the year. 
ergups of visitors are whhked h;u:k in time io 
the liny. 1 to kxutrhthuiurl (prei erfiiiH | lUgrM 

New \ .aft* Pnhcfe m Irish £&%(!«->. 

■ i ax favorite w to. Rrim t era} Fimiraity. 
where* Wmn ilii moment ihe> offered us bits 
of bread (Upped to '-nil — ihe toil lowed Irish 
lit-LUT. Mbit! guaranteed the -^itol> u| a hnim- - 
,K most hnble oieni ^'■---ihe ca^s Jt 1 ' - beau til nl 
In-. sie - — r-,- . .Lvi an irresistible spdl. Arad ■■" dW 
Ltie food: ifrauiiEr flra^ or JSen< Lttmfoutth *- — 
vtlgeL^llh 1 or fish 5iuJp — -mid I 'hrkyfi s [to 
firoK-fi — ^ ■ i l | ii- 1 i i - ^ii'murred hi red wine. 

' I hi.*- drink in your gnbltl \i rjrE? i? n ■ t j y l- i L 
Irish beauty m a low-^tevkefl velvet aiown in 
i ones, H iis mean k made from fermented honey. M 
\emI K'utl'iFnV Mil 1 dktlonUiyV cynical expl.j 
rim ion ^ri luuv the honeymoon #,v\ n.^ nann 
i the sw-eetnef.s pf lo\ p e + like the mooci rin 
sot^ner mil than tt tieginj to woMh ^he substj- 

into the castle 1 ^ nun r^auLEj^rtsi' Vernitm 

H 1ii the 15th Century, riewfy Jnarried con- 
I lies drank nutbil for u m mu nth. or moan. 


after the wcddhiR — hern.e, li hcmeynifMn. 1 " 

n n ■ . 1 1 1' ‘k hi nit* n bo tier e E.id in ■ I ■ ■ u I . 
let and hose as tie reiills cups with l he hoi 
kkinl heady brew Pirelidit dancts no walli 
slmi tuivr 5crr n 5i> J y "-i-HF-i nf Irish history, and 
biiieluer wrhties again in numw liuil nnee 
knew- n%d JtnigbU and I heir ladies 

Tlu- i ei : a dnntivc Mr. O'RepJi fnxiirfe^ nut 
only over castles but: over the dtsiiuv of ^mie- 
tJiin^ limviiri ^ - Star Shannon Free Airport 
Development Company l.^Jng two krrnb of 
bil — the absence of rfut> and t±u- ftviiilabibtH 
■tif the capalik' kaj-id- sid rni j-uC of t 'uiinEv 
Cljire^ people— Mj O’Rrpn lias Imidi-d 
somt mi -rtfiing ftsb 

Fmikkts Del ivuri'd Stilt EH TuiK' 

In oAfilfil m5 huw cimlribiite to Shannon’s 
Latter-day laduyiriLil revulut un lri-li Seek- 
niniin.-. for inihince, build pi;ino> ben- I'm- .i 
Dun h firm. One of ihe hugwboosof tnanuiac- 
luring plan as i i.-m-d to be ! hai nf keep i n n t fa mp- 
nev-i fmni if iniii-rinir them during ocean -doi.^ 
ment Vi Shannon I hey re popped tot big 
cardboard bu.\e>, tm?. aboard Jl'Es, and they-W 
uri the Cuntitahl or in the Urlitod States -and 
^till in time-— iinly a tew hom^G Idfpr Other 
i:om|i;iTiief turn gut product varied at 

knitted * ! anfl fireplaces* computers mid 
chemicals, olfare rnftchines and ptali.^herv 

Am!; ihe De Beer. ■ company produce* dia- 
jmmi arit here — some of it from synthttii. 
stone marie right in then Shdnoiin plant 

Itryond Shannon lay i ralw,t> Often de- 
-. ribifd .l- du- " imh^i Irish ns it chtrr- 

i^hes a tradition that Calumbus came to ib 
14tfe - tl 1 iuii ry Ch Ureh of Si Nic h ol os to p ray 
hefoce ^Uing sail for America, i aiked the 
sestnn aba-ot ihe story 

“IT- in- 1 Wbflt ye've calk - In, ami no more. 
Tin rCi .i LllIl 1 i-i' .i i raiway -ajinj un I ht 
Marin. But now the bonk writers h.iv l 1 * hcived 
him out .met imi tn iilumbu> hermit tt 
makc^ heuer readim: for *. on \mericarjs, hl Jk 
sud and stamped away We -i.uinpe;d away 
too. happy in have me i a man with nn^re re- 
s-pecE lor Lruilk than tor drama, and hU stuF 
n r n 1 m i &rai tip alt the Jftjo ai/i A a jj j-r, ^ S l E h ri j , 
in KmilisH — tor the Aron islands 


" Pnmd] y ns the ShaSiKW Rrtws i h. niinh Limerick to ihe jtL'll.” sings iin o]«i h.Jjiijd. Tbi- I , LOfi- 
^ o.rf old arv n ii t hv nafy oi IrclEuid'^ loita^i rsvpr ont*. ilrpu. Sm se and Ungihib <w*er|yriC 
>winf a 1 1 TiiLtna I fur mil anrl H'a lulRr, it lierl h- r-. eail-iiOitie anr! cijifltll ronnerl bwfi 

dairy prtidlitts, and coppircancefitratjis. The Cunnty Huim 1 and J-JnspEial, fef?|[rtiijnd 1 : -t r iJjd'- 
nuiid new houses, (nckri fields and [j:nru- i mert- flverssu i % m ijr . die iuntJi -idt 


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flow! i Q THK MMW LI \H*N JSI*ANt>S 
whit ■■ d ppVjn rrJim tli * tJ in tt f-di'lrdV 
h^Hininl. Old /rt« nr/v frr«r Iris rrjffrpj. 
|>n>iiglrl 25 miirn at rrm Giffitfcrj/ Jtujj rid 

■■! f v r j 1 1 ■■ i p Vmmli t-'.rilmH, ffirii #iy ritrrug/i 
thnm&h thr \lmtlowx i n i \ tithe*' v bland 
re 'did i'ii \titi i rriir r-'fi oKirfn, dm/ 1 
r FVxrfif idlid/ r fi i- ■ r j ‘ l ill u 1/ ^ UY.sJVmj /i i'irldrf. 



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Snug in homespun, Un- 
■=tiKcrrtiiiii £'uir> C_ , CHii , i ,r, l ■ 
Lici' i ji pjci: l- uf : lisv cowhide 
with heavy Iwinr tci musi-' ;i 
j i a ni | ii Hit It * — hut wipra Ur- 
ti i i'=5i - rnLLC 1 1' -Imt I n d I All 

n her unfimdwd pujnfiontiir 
iL'i-t - id . tilt I ir in li I In \ran 
Ffflitwiear niiLsl be juikiied 

1 1 n f 1 1 in w ntr r u> few. 1 p st i rnm 
ifryln^ into u*clciA?tt$k 
Woikiiipr on ihh ii.ur ,t.»i li 
wit (nr the phe^ftphur. 
Ctiky vans, frtah d biles In 
re lu r n 1 1 c jl.- k I on I \\ "Could 
you -end li Ikkj k. <?i AiiiL'ri 
can folk aotip;?" 


(things of lint h-a !- , , _l ~ t- 
down ft mxm* meal of m !■ e- k- 
*si d, ijutakw*. and bread at 
fc Ki ; home of Mlrliiii l. DoOu 
hue on trcisbeer. ihemi u lm 
Mil- Sili 1 ! inil. like aJL Amh 
Iskiiileri, the Donohues 
■ijieak {indie at Home Inti 
English ^-ula their pUc.Htf 
fchiinliiml ftjdrnt! bo^nl ,ii 
■■urb bnmei In tbe -titaiTkT 
while slmtyfep ihc Irish 
to n i.zue 1 j. 1 Lhi lutini school 


Thru* day* a week- --wimi Jut perntiHmg- — die -I eel-liid ltd 
vessel calls iti Inishmore, hod visitor* go Bibo re for a few Injury 
whSln (hi; s h i t» loads; cattle and sheep at n ceftefrk’ pief 
"Ten >Tt!ir= ago thpre were only nu-rmp;* here. - ' said an 
idandyr fc ‘"and no televisions Now there nre cars and ft tot oF 
teD ys- — ni lean I lour Or five.'* 

ihl.mil Fuitnej-L MnWe llii-ir Own Seiji 

Wt lei ilie _Vn i*y ?crJi £jnmq sail on without us and wait* d twn 
days for its next call— hmu itnmiLth !•• explore the farthest « or 
ntfsul the blond where w.u-r high iw'ulbrif piled sttmea end uu 
liny rkhb, of potato#* The soil they |£tW Id b made hy rh* 
Aran |ueopte tSiEimselves frtun seaweed and sand 

"Li ih^iering’s the hie: iMdg here/ 1 -;i n I I in- iricmtly blander 
who look us about in his juiiotmiz car "though m winter I'm 
a c-ockl c [ i k k cr my*#: f f N< ! ! yt n e ve i tasted a I obstt r . they go 

In Fr^ni f ftV r lit- money wr.-'d rather have " 

NV idler IiiLstmiaan our lni:-3iuer fittuA Mnmii lins a 

pi^r, so thu Nti&mh fiuw ut anrhoni halt 4 milL 1 "tfshoru. Mie 
triL ri tow i ;t l tii- H d a 1 1. 1 1 nurses out tliruu^h the hpavins silrf behind 
itseir ciirraptLyf and the ani raids art 5 hoisted -ihoArd hy winds 
This beer is Thu prettier nf the two blandn, rniivoad by .1 
rum etI L'iLitlr linn me? aijiuve ,i widt St'indy be;irh, Beyynil ii 
a ha^kiofE ;.h;irk lay lifef a elark torpedo sn ihr ai^uaioanik- 
watefx A*horr r ft uf teen age Dubliners- -suhuiilt re^s 

dents he rr E a pu l ish Lhei r G uel h iron jjed 1 0 W 1 e heuc 1 1 1 u - ha nc 

ihc excite meni of bo$L day Ai OOV end uf tht ^can-rl, sa*Hwnf 
cement w r ert“ heing brought th rough the surf three or four at 
a time by brawnv men rn curranhs 

■H + 

M Tr irnisl -till fur a hard life/ 1 -aid in u ttrarlte? from I 'Litian 
wtw wle- thrrr with the student*. 1 was thinking uf whut wiiii.LT 
irmsL Ejc like on this isolated bit of Tiiod 

Her ^ ntrcmtrn .ui |iri-ed ipt it ■; r<mkI to -eti thtp cfrump 






mini 1 ? work/' she said. "Thry spend uiQsl df 
thdf 1 1 mi - 1 liemaaiittiR their hue and dim., 
very little pIjwj 11 

Nn W Count '■ ( ■ . lL .l i { i . l i shitr v* l. iVr Wiiv 

t'i ihc 4 oft bdtiUly of SHpi. This is Yeati tuun 
tty, witrt sctiI llTimiiil vdMttir? i ‘fieri detour 
n i|| | id SllgO tOW ii for i ulintpst ilf mi Woi 'ill'll 
do l in l^uvh ^ fiU that wii* transmuted hvtbe 

- . . j ■ tf ■ , ] . 

miigit inti i the fa-mil tar Lake Isle of 

bm^free 

Put is Own E\pHnidi Marks YuiilY* Grave 

A t ew rcii i l- s farthti on t in h 1 liuruhyHfd in 
Dnirmliff, .t pray ->liuie dab bcin the epitaph 
\V il I i.im IIljiJpt YimE- wrult' tnr hin:-t ■ 1 '.i-l 

a * ok 1.1 IL\c On Ufr, «□ n Death. Hor^eifkajit 
by " ' On the praVrlay a witkl^d ruse., perhaps 
put thtre fey soMttd who Jnved the words 
Yeat- left tis„ and a Mark qroW> rVai her 
MrvimO iJNinepfll (own tbr rofiil narrowed 
and turned wesl* alte mat dy -knlinu the am 
.n il limt&dlmi the! lk>n L -L%.l cmnBXiltt T s rt>cky 
htJ^hts We passed cottage^ with Lhaicfopd 
rnfi i- liurti! lion n Eipiiin^l ffor ixascless ptuck- 

fhii i -i tli t- wind Sheep, tli r if track* marked 
with daubs nf red of ureen Uj lerrote nWrtcr 
drip, huddled iti thr let uf low *,Uii» frHOik 
Al a government factory in Kikiir, where 
imm inrn i mu Count} iMur^n - tang* 
wt-Ln til: Hvt-nl*- n r p a batlvry nf eladtint: hand 
lintDis l .L-’j.td piizzJcd l Yin Furey limv r lu- 
red t ind ifitim dy * ivtb removed bcCuit the 
wool could bt spun into vara 
“Wfc don't lr> L he -aid “iftifiLipd wool s loo 
unursp for tbe soft [weeds people wnni these 
day? It's used for carpets and heavy sweater - 
Kfosl nf our wiwi) ntjw comes from ihc souths 






H i m ds i d f w unde re rs Li n k- 
p.irk i Mi ^nw4r:iwfi 
caravan f<u j the ni^lil. I 
dm r f m i ri i ji.iL' j i hgj- . in ms 1 
tinker^ jn Ue^.'i'nd.aral- ■ ■? 
poor frisli risi'ii wliu t&tok M* 
the road* ii>- liiumilil ilur- 
ffiK 1 1 N* tlreiit Fa mini 1 Vnw 
nbri4it five UuiutamJ ?£ronjL 
they follow bur- chi odd 
Jnb*-, hcmMr lrmk\ and hrjt 

Li i csliki v. alk* It* murkt'S 

at TilIiI ■* ri-urr i ■ ica ni ■ SI i 
m, where farmer banfsiim 
lor i Mile fati- U* fjia 1 . Xflw j- 
l lie- Jmmthly fair day draw> 
m ;i das*. v nnr: ,r men linger 
t-ii dLi ni boy* I day In h 

dtionva) BuiircU ptu(ri I [hr 
shop from pA^ljis animal* 


“When I wijja n Ead, he went on “mid all the r weed was mode 
.is hotnt, -i mini would -Mcmt ki- own sheep Hii-n hr'd gn ttp 
on ih. mountain and fiul) heather Ibr yvllo^ Mite from iJie 
stone? nave him brown Bracks— whin, We called H — marie 
er^e-ii, Hlli pen-ph j iul to Wanting brighter colors, so all I Sir rive* 
are chemiaaj now " 

Jn^l before t ijrr:i k , l hand- lettered sign caught oiif flytis: 

HOMEst 1 ^ tweeh foe .sale 
vtsrrofifi welcome to sse u;*jh at work 

V pathway fed 'U-itpiv down to li whitewashed cottage. in- 
side, Michael !iyrne talked a* he worked! mi an ^0-Vftrd length 
r-i i-nren Tweed decked with purple and oraage 

b 'l iirn j -nc m*iI> ahiindfo] of independent vuavcFj about now*" 
tie *aad h with the burr - it Scotland in hi speech H t've ihau little 
i -ign up there to keep from getting lonely, und 1 cih iwt \n\ own 
hours md *tup for ten when I’ve a mind to," He rose from fW 
3ootn to refill his bobbin* on ,i winder fmpnjrfsed from a bicycle 
w heel. One dF his four childmi darted mitu the ln^m's: plank seal 38^ 









"On flit hifU, thv sn hi hills. the -n ji ifwr£cd all daj?r WtwU? Irish fttwt Valentin 
Irpmuiaeci: u i li f-Li'rie much -iii this iji Gli ■ i .: ■ -li I'.i- O -ibnt . I 'noeflal Bgys in their iiithci-'s fieM 
ruif-i: hayj r*r like viujfl cn+ilea. TLtfir [mure look- Imnlo -lv |nivuTc .^mu |.i> anii itic gavernttietu 


''Hey, hey/' Mr, Byrne; said fondly and 
swqn him down n^nin "It's rnotii their for 
daddy WH bfc al the loom in time enough ” 
TJnlortunnlejy, for i j vm niiin 44 fc»iiree 
1 ~llI ns Michael Byrne* lierr are ilo^n who 
must tee the painful tel [hat here, m in 
tpeh of western [relitnd, there arc neither 
jrjhs n^r nfi[n-ir! Unities rnnijjih III gn rniinrl 

Bui S h-Li-t iiitr llkjftifcgal village li=i- doui! 

SiOmt:lhiiit! about it 

We 1 L rr 1 \ 1 ■ ni-, lu ( ilfiii cdLimbkitle. where 
■ iLiuide help ita> copu- in the fprni oi' 1 amern 
ment owned tweed factory and r he pint pie 
them-i'lvc* h iw I Minded irtfetJter Id -r;irr 

190 


a vegetable -r rmyiin ^ plani: h .1 textile tetchy, 
and a ■ ra-op h-r marketing I hr thick white h^h- 
t*r li 3 c-jt - vwriiJtr- 1 Mill housewives 

knil i^n winter night- 

\ ill.L^e Cviu^Vtli Shivtt E it] 1 ns -:iti ■ j i i 

't imardb^i -> yO'Ui-- ^mplr uH'd f" Ilmvc 
liefe ever? year/' inifi l ather Jame- McDyer, 
OlencolumbkiJIeV dynami- pricM. "Nnw we 
only li'-t- ijirre or fcttii, Motorc&isttffc up from 
fottr 10 6 2 , a h 1 1 u 1 mm Unity i m-i it >\ Lie h u j u mped 
imm £40, TOO to CI2G h D0n a year." 

We left I it her McTJyer anil ilmve a fe"^ 
intU-.- farther do t ■■ Mai in Mort% where the 



jiLurb lu liivmify tretlifirfv r&mmfy' W irh "Savr the Weft" i ampui pk Ikmufij! iirtevi Ka- 
ilirr Jamc* McDynr iirnmul^ vilktci i u ujhtjUm.^, snare ctTident land u.%c. And new rjLsh i mj.w: 
the government ^ncounpi tourism, fiffthnre h^hiriR. .ind the Htablishniem qf w^v ilif|il-iiy 


M kin Hi- r rushes against DpnefppTs rocky 
io.i-L mid then Turned back icn^ard Dublin 
Only cm i- thing remained n send mental [iSl- 
criniupe to Lhe hide 1mm from which 
gTMt-^t^-pandfjlher and his. two sos& 
came to the United States nearly a century 
and .1 quart it apo Never mind it h i i l it lies 

outride t M l Republic in t rnirtv \rmjigb. rme 

p _ 

of thr vis eoiinlJrmjf Northern Ireland I'lieitr 

was Dfi] ■■ i .oil Ireland then. Guards on both 

■■ 

side* uf die border waved tir through with 
Sfleh boumeous goorl chetsr that wr enulrl 
easily have thought the -.inn 1 holds true tiida;, 
i hi a dretl of i ilrt row hriUSfcb, with the 


l Li con Jack fluttsTiOR: mini vc one doorway, 
I asked an old man if anv Sciofieiifa lived 

. . , V, . | j ' "W 

ibertabom.H 

' Never heard the name myself.” he OkL 

We tried the* same question on (lie parstiti 
and then on the postmistress 

"None at all/' she said with finality "Nat 
the -r paM ytrai£ k arrywiiy," Vsi-I that, it 
turned out, was that 

li didn'i tnntlcr, rally Tho whole trip had 
been a scntmijeuLaJ pilcrimufle I s ivji> a k Itim: 
thiic for us ns \mericnns to liuvr ^een this- 
green and worm-httirU'd land frqm which *p 
mo ny of our mice -ta i s e nme r H 1 . K s d 

¥)l 










By WILLIAM S. ELLIS 
Ph>Uigroph\ by EMORY KRISTOF 

IkM-h N.iinuituE Lil^ili d^JitL St:ifT 

A T FIItST I SAW citnl y the ilotplm^ arid the ,utiberjiu:fcA, iLap- 

I iliiH!. the -ta with their jmn |!ulil flcL-hr- Thun, Frum ii|j up 
the flying bridge of erir dwp^s^ fisblrin. bum, £ 'll jit. Ernal 
Fooler minted to starbimrd and yelled, '^ee it ? Smell itic orl ■ 
Believe me now? 1 

The slick showed faint — .1 ^caiterrti^ t.A dtru r.iinMw stain s — 
in \hr t -ill I Sirrnni off Hautr&fi NVs rniMakln^ the tHior, nl 
ci'iur^ So 1 became a believer in ihe stnr$ Eh.it ihi Ircpy-flrno 
vkijjptir rjf charier bOciH mmtu Irur; 

Tht oih f^TjjteUri 3 -ii^Ilt tnld mt H first appeared iei If)4. ami has 
been there ever since 

Lhirine t He early mrinthfi of that tragic > ear of m.iri1ime history 

German submarine claimed h heavy toll oi Allied shipping oR 

Cape HaSteras and all uf North Carolina^ Outer Brinks Tanker - 
und frdjihlcF* pJ lirnivd lute*! in ihc ii I ready crowded **( ir.iveyartl 
of the Atlantic ” And even miw + after more t tffl fi a ijujirier <d a 
century, the; waters remain stained by ihe lifeblood of war 
Wi- were I ■' nnli'S offshore 3ti zen* SO raJm tlinl ihe? Wltalhs ol 


( - (ihh-u fjjlin H.,f ,lti 
V ugM fit i vi } liinif finds surt" 
taheriuen casting from 
t ' jfir Huttetafij the tip uf 
North t"uLrotinn'» OuLlt 

HnmUs This chain of 
VtlaitLii harrier i>L»tn<b 
hrlietf* the ifiaMaM 
iroro orvan icTupcHt* 

Heaped uji lie with I nrui 
wave, tile E^urtk- fj.ee 
am si nsir undnughts 3w 
their creator* 
w.bh jtvay from one aptifc 
m pdr up in LLnoihiT., and 
ini rt* nprii and r ai 
the whim ol stornui 

l,nFty ((S^s-BVffr* ( apr 

Hulter.i U&hthoii£r 
lowers .'HA Ifit, t illicit III 
l!if Niklacm, It- IhfeSCnfr 
Ltcm be Mpcn r.t mlk* ui 
*e;T \cv year ihc brirk 
tj^hilsMfcc will celebrate 
it* hinirfmJlii birthday 

h>wH Hfu ri *■> tr , =iii i ltt inn imra - r tfrm h ) *■ 

3<*j 





rvii-H,.s-Ljin w«d LiJi ajtiumi us In y quietly un the surfftcr Rtfurv wi* 
nrtitfrad to pent* however Lbb fabled prc-ci 1 of the Atlantic reverted 
to form. Iikir water brought to ft sudden boil \n 4 l w.v* glad, for 
thc~ wd? the way I wanted m bow c ape Hat terns. as mariners have 
known .10 d feared il for hundreds n| year — on iindmlorof !' -I'm it 
swell*. I if need li norihtait wind ?ir«m^ riuwgh tn drivr n- 

■ i ; : LJ thniLL^h think rubber foul weather • loihiim 

The nil slick was uoric now, obscured in the wash of the awful 

'lining, Wc came upon treacherous fthtiil w atcr, which the wind 

was [icHiiss hank to n veil] a in ere nf routed wretkoge. 1 folio wed the 
fluctuations nf the depth tin Hit I t feet 1 0 s I h f; depth nn 
ca liter - 1 1 1 1 ■ Ml I hr IjoliL WU- rU-n IfiAS, for we Were >■ :h--itii] tljr -hu ll 
thruuidi a narrow > : lj I 

U occurred to roe then Lhal, though we were Mill ocitrly sis 
oul Jost-ii. 3 L’-iuld Maori (Mi bottom ami have my head above water. 
'mj l’ h are 1 he 1 raps of H l«.i t eras 1 h ni h a ye sTiarc-r I vessel s si n re 1 1 1 1 ■ 
Very’ btgitihirig of Amr/rrran history 

Mjihc Suiting hir I I i VmL-rh iili DriMJk 

I Ein[i av U 1 IrCj 1 1 inscribed tli thcr.SiiruUof this* I i.ua.il r l: u (1 il l Froth 
itil 1 village "1 Kitty Hawk down to lonely Portsmouth Ldjmrl ! found 
many n Hkltnl §c j tiingof dramatic evenly In the NjimiVs pasL Hcit 
tlii 1 iirii l’-H^:lhh-i]Sfaktri^ colony m Mi nth America Sir W altar 
Riik s|il iV fnTn nkHr Lost Colony — il c * 1 He re , tab* W il hi 1 r and t >rvi 1 1 v 
Wright jutftve binlj tu unlu> * Ait Age Firmed Jived Jiftd Lhdr 

l notv 1 in these shores, the sstlik shore* that defied British him tadc 
1 li Ur m pts du rm n th e \ tnenca n K 1 e v id u I i tin 

I nm: tone -nmnii >■ restore nmuni^irsous sand ctisi ir- ;snil dtfrtsc 
Wtknd- refuge 1 1 kf nearly .sjurn 1 - of h i ret- , . im Eudirt^ Ar^ tic 
ru^tllkg -Unw geese tht j >f aLn make up (ht region Mum shun any - 
thick u: else, Ehnugtw I hr.' Capi- HaftteTas cenirrslin of the * ftttcr Ranks 
-lands its jn ■ )pcn w incFfiw tin like vimErfirr ni the .-aul 
That rvcnini. MltrwinR our return in port, I walked along cht 
l«. ;i£h with ark otd man. in id we talked about storm* and -diipwrccks 
and the ?a>>ini of tnn&rntiLocs W hen 1 ti^lt l hicta about the end tiring 
oil -h» U he re|i|]fiL “Mysell t ilrm'l try 10 undt'i'ntand Che ihirsc^ ihm 
ho on otil thf!n: T jitkd I’ve lived here, man anti Lm>v, y^ears corne 
Fell ru ary \\\ m seen iha Atlantic do some thitiHs you wouldn't 
hrlmvei :uid that's r iie gospel truth" 

Other nairves of I hi Outer ikknk> tnld rne Thi- <urw thing. Fo 
them, t Hi 0tir- wlm kaiMW it 1 1 l- - r „ iJ’sr -e;i .u HutteriLs ij enigmHtic 
fttkd -* mu: Limt^ -i-cminalv mrttrau^ .k place n lu n« wnul- and 1 ut- 
rants fitif ihv Lit' l uue- u. heu the cape exacted d lull of Sorrow 

from pLfi-Mns ships (foldout map, pages 
At C app lifliteras ibe chum m hamer isJands m akin a up the 
nutcr Bunk.- l>onds sharply in a jfroteeitivc embrace of the Nn-rtH 

^Cktotanr 1 3 utility an Ilk Gntef l?> Nlkt *nJtefwin. Satiuhal 

1 i - -i h;raJtiti t i J- U -I m- ■ l i t* 

F nf all the N.ilhifk to rnjoy; CftpS lEatCrra- Natkikud StM-iu’n ek- 
tnbUshed in I 95 J -1- thr ijf its kicsrl an slw ratuih^ , extesirb for 72 
11 nin, heiEiniiipg near the anthem end nf Hodie island and running 
the length i»i Halleric- ami i raenke hbmP, Eight vitl^c:- within 
the kedetal doni.iin rutmirv under private iiwjverbhfp imup. pnaci 
5 ^ 3 —tlKJ] BigHidr ii fence irtat^UerS U\ aitat'iilkxe the uii«l. yotmfirteri 
1 1 Lv ^ilnTible cairh H with a ftirtctuilJ and sc ^ifibail Mik:- oL‘ -ucli 
ficnL"^. four and fivt rirnb deep, 3 lu beiueath dunei ,il^? ,uidwn"d hy 
tkp^rh i;rii 5 .? rind oVk 1 ■« ts^r .■ c u 

jat 
























lit 


Carolina coast. Ta I hi rmrili tins i hi gtf.it 
sweep HMlefpi Jdunci heady now troder 
Mu- i Luc- i>t the Xttttort.il Park Service t- Hie 
£ "apt- UiUtLU'iL-- SalifftKil Sttii^hufr < "oh! tailing 
atiUth westward, it emionijjaAses Ocracoke 
1 -Liiid. Bev-rmd Ocmcukt Inlet stretches the 
more ream Ely niul homed Cape Lockout Na- 
tional Seashore. In a3E k the fedt-raJ preserve 
si rinifa mil fm \Zj slender milc^ 

MwihJ Hri hirni-v u Itriidenl 

Southwest of Oowrukc ] jc.- Portsmouth 
fshtmi, mw awash in the frlcareoi total Liban.- 
donmeni- As recently as last fall, however*, 
when t vLti ted fYirtsiiimitii, there wsjm- five 
■V * ft ] icrsjtn * I i %i si % o n it. t wi i of t he m - i ■v (er- 


llctiry Pfgott, wets born on the island ?S 
year* ££0 and hn> lived there nfF and on for 
6* wf thufw ye-arv I found him at work pairl- 
shp; the from p-itrh tif thr tmiwc ni onenl Hu; 
aislera , a spinster. 

‘'There was a time, Mr Pigott told tne, 
when p wn, mnybt dint- hundred” live* t mi 

Pari TE’iniiih l^i:ind_ In ri4r. the i ros t-i nmerit 

i lUi- Lnii ted .i -i j :imi j n% lifl-pTtzl there InIt'L 

piloid buiU itnjniM'ns: home;-, sbfp I raBfc was 
heavy r tuid the community flourished 

But Hints all past now Heavy growths af 
■a ;is myrtle and other inches of Irani praline* 
tiki re^slsfFii y cover the island The sYprmcr 
pu4l otTn e bnilftmpr* rmf much larger thtin ii 
I mil shod, MattfB ivnili^kvd, mMflit a net of 



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Renter nr rTie OTeuked, lit^j ■■ 
iutmebosrds drtorfttc a house 
■ ■ i 1 1 hi V^l: HhuJ t I 

^ver ihe vriir- tsy the mSlHjie 

HWTU?F\ itinfil ui ihi 1 \\ i-'al'hv ri-i 1 
'board* were ^iih iLutd From 
VCaeb ilttv’en on to the -^.tiEKLiJ ?■ , 
oiker 1 'iVjLHhrtl sn Irani the ¥ eft 


Smi|* hiirbm-i,4 L ^TiU.oli.r iiffcrv 
iimcfufljy to h^hing Iju^iLr .lev: I 
j^cflwirt trait tieckon-ed tifliru' 
1 1 y ;L-¥ Mil -year- ub I hpJirhLMJ-u 
I'eIhi i wan i ^nuji'i l !ii i ihrou^h 
(IrrA^ob ? in i let m I he early 

I 7 C H r ■- founded the viSIj^l' 
flillL f?mc§ J I cl k ir mill Jk'il- 
r«r;u> hi.'mi i mid the nuunJnuti 



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JJ1 J-cpjrrtfrTr/i 





mun iulcl- idiutg in lempr U* Ou 1 deck of the PrimUn (jbavei. Isrife lifted with 
W?Tr. tn the lurrurane nf | she hiirkeminr mu LmttHjmJ near ■ /i Lit] Sbt»a3 Life 

^ving Still pon After i miiunEmr.fius: Wave 'Wept the csljtikt^ W\Ii\ lv«, ni serny, an-d the cabin bny 
ovtriKwrd. i hr iu mm NmaininftAWAM mtmn drHrmflnn Hut Rusimi* S sslitarv 

huui h pidmk heard tPsrJr cries Dashing rcp«SbTjedll> through tbit tou'ctU^ bleaker?, he drained bill 
ti i - it<'t r - ’djiljjrtr - ti lt i-.imi r| him she I ii~i L cS L]ttnj\in^ Mi-dut til I Irmnr 

J'btf \.vmh dpc.uwi sv& wflcTkrd Jpt Aupft l')35 With jJ| ilbwrd smH. Mto) ft ! MpWfTi It stit- 
vivor MWtd hi ■ life to llic Ufts-Lving Srn'ii e, which hecawt pari oi lilt t' S Cpeut ihmrtl Sri P'E* 



ivpidef webs i Dvm l he ape min p in 1 1 ip 
Sthcrr-ififtins c&Ae 

Oiw of the best preserved slnictLire? on 
the inland is rite church which I limey 
1 'ikdU kept clean and tidy end in good re- 
pair Hi- even ranp the church bell each 
Sunday morning not sd much as a call to 
worship wvrr diumhliftiied long 

rii:ok but . l*» ii | 'T.jii Hi* requiem feu the 
island's better days. 

hViv uuhsn'icrs ei-4t I'-urL-Tumnlt, -Uj i L that 
Hi] Led .Lt I earl one of the five residents ju-1 
fine frtd I'annoh, tv bn lived iilunr fit cim 
l 1 1 1 l! of the island, told me u l haiuii t bad 
a tie un since I cam? out of the service in 
t$I 6 AuVi that wonderful ?” 


t ini- n| I hr ■dstera died 1u_^t Jammn inn 
hospital on the mainland,, and the olhers 
mover! away Mr Flgott iniUK hnwcvrr,. 
1 h at In! will one day return to hi?, little pink 
hou-e down by a swash on the tshtn-rl 
For l red i'aimiin, only death could 
Lake him front the island '3 JtitlUidc which 
In.* i hi ridted Jn April uf this year, his Uj 
feast skiff M'iL? found swamped in Famlhm 
Sound I fit person -il tHrlongiogs washed 
u 1 1 no the beach. An mve^R^tni by t hi- 
( > i Lib I ( p uLirr.l x r.i n r I in led I hai h c fd I n v ei- 

bfrhrd and perished 

Onh 5LW.1 feet wide at tome potato and 
isolated from the mainland by broad ?bal 
|nu $tmmb T i hf three major segments of 


40 1 



the Uuler Banks— Bodji? * pronounced bandy) . 
Mutterm, and * ferae okr IslMnds — form ;i trin 

h} 'ii sybsapmenee Ur |h< uhims oi the Atlan- 
tic 1’hL- laiirl^tHpe undefBE’je? rM!VL a r««flmg 
i hanac t.hie piece >il beach erode? it way* and 
another gains ground: dri ft tm; sands jiltig unr 
LLnd a tor in -driven waves pry open an- 
olher: n stHiion of bridge from which fulker- 
tner once dropped lines into 0 leci of water 
now span- a mud tint 

Arab A ncestMr (lump AjHujt on ,in t>iir 

line thing U lai ifovsn't. change however, U 
the t temtter of the Outer Banks and the 
jscople who Inhabit them Marfnaied cn .some 
■ I the richEst jmecs of sea-oriented hisiory , 

402 


the Baziks remain rharc'er! with a flavor 
unique in nil the cemiurv, Onb cm ihtsu 
lands is one tiui overly surprised to flnd a 
dtseendftnt or a shipwrecked Arnb MjHiug 
homemade tip preserve 
"Ife wm my i?rMt-preat-greai ^real -grazid^ 

father^ u iylUblcKlded A rub/' Harvey W'\i\\ ib 

■'ild me ns we on ibescrecnid porch . if his 
house, across tht« ntrcct fro pi thL’ tJcracokc 
Post UfTice “He was shipwrecked hfcrt ip the 
l7U!J's Came ashore on an ,! 

Hlli mh Wahab, u", prnmounce? Iil^ namv 
WAV-hab. “Away Uink, though, at was wah- 
bab,'' he said. "Fellow from \ntbfa once told 
me it-3 WAH-hab over lht?re. n 

Born i in t icracoke Island and retired L?nm 








ihc Coast L.uard after J 5 years of Krvice* 
Mr. \Valiah ha* seldom been ve r\ far from 
ibe Allan tic I a^ked him ii he ■ Udn'i 
tlnw luriju lor a plan.* out ■ ■! patched of -rirf 
noises. j place iv hm- wheat ripens in (M sttri. 
ITl' shifted position in the old wooden porch 
i. Ii lvi j and said; 

' 1 W hen 1 \\2l in r he < oast 1 1 u jirrL a fir} e n 1 1 
..ink uj f mi- wh.il S iv a- kmrnc 10 dn when I re- 
tJrifd. I loir I him J wu- jmmj* to pul an oar on 
my sfauuEder and start wajjdftif to north 
west As soon as idnubody isketl me what 1 
w a.v (^Trying* fid stop and settle there. But 
l-tn still hen:, and reckon J Always will be 

Mu.n> uf t lir tshiruls native-born are ric-- 
^rendants m[ F mrtTnh -pamm who settled here 


Skill fiirj of (.liuKt, dir I unii inn- il IJ> Lnbet 
1968 | I . l- 1 1 1 : : : the i-lnm.' x Njl- Heud. Siirjjti^ihscEy. 
the dreml &hk!i brought by 1 1 *|onny cnmi 
neM mi tiuifIi Itopq the (Xtart from the MHIII+h 
on tlu ml.ird Itk A* the hurrkAites rntsve fi-orlh 

fn j iTi r tic I 'arihEiciiEj Ic-mj ^wfJI> F>Q-^h wptrr 

through i hr in In- fhen aithr rye paj-^es and die 
wind sfhlfL-u tile Vv ale r i jpill tint otTum, ^Wecpmir 
I liti i 'ii- 1 y uver the kiw t >hIlt 


I.oneiy sentinel ot thr sea, Imimimd Shmil- 
Light Station sruiuli jnntrd 14 mile* from dnife. 
■ . i r 1 1 j j i lz of muJcvoleiil shunts In plan*.- mily lliri.-i 
fers tafrlow Lhr j-urlin r Four i uju| duunUmen 
man ihr -tmlon a! all timr^ maintnnlrtis rmlsi* 
beacons and r .he liiahl livery two weeks li hdkop- 
tef Ij rilsei iu|>[ d si: h iin cl rotate -■ h ulf e hr t it w VV foe n 
iiiFrm- iliTfjfni. slur mm \ak«- refu icr unhurt:, dual 
ttener^tors run the .ULSDmnLk nu vision dr viefct 


EllJh*> 1 1 hH p liri£ iihi.R ■ I blip* M* i nillH -n<b‘ if 1 ■ ■ 



1'ini; before Amenczi Won sb independence 
Visitors Lfi the < luli-r Bftnkf riflrn detect what 
they ihink r it ht a diuk-ct asid ifhnm of old 
England in ihe vjteech of tin- islanders. 

Tide is "tuide," and wlien it + v hij^h, it r » 
"hob;h " Water thal hubbies over o lire 

'hi U'!-. tr J i'll ml: Stpppt'il In talk with -i liSr-luntt 
residcTil iit she ttfltteros hlajid yaUa^enf Sal vn 
who Wii.- fust bm k from a fisfiing trip. When 
l asked him how hv rnitrlk 1 out he replied, 
H Oh, I i. aiinht a slew?,, but they weft all W 1 ' 
to i n;ey. H mean in l: lie cauEiiil many but ihvy 
were alt tiny, 

R ut T J 1 is is ,t 1 1 mpu*.' >h a pe d hy \ ears c >t' i so 
1 aii u tipH d ialect • teoMbt II y mi >rt Sow I he rn t ban 
]"Eh or LSlho E*hLurv KniEti^h 

9 s ° 

AOS 



VtiUkv ihosu ml feJLLrvi- 1 , Wahiib's youth, 
-u rumen* at Ocricokt now draw vacationists, 
bm sot mi mmy m to muse the island from 
ILs drowsiness. They c onn* to ^ce the I 4£i-yenr- 
E)ld Omuoke Ughi.limj.n-- "ne of the oldest 
dm tfcir East Coast dfiJ in service, and thr 
dozen or 30 pomes* formerly wild bill SOU 
permed amT fed by the Park Service Supine 
ecfly these ponies descend from Arabian 
horses shipwrecked more than a century ago. 

Another lL tract hut Springers IVilnt, on 

the ^.jutberh end of Ehu i IiultS; thirty lee'.’ ml 
s&jbfc, Edward Teach had hi* hJdcmrt 

TtftdA feitftddub apj^ariutc'i:— Taria] hair 
l wUted JQi' i I 'Lait-uJ^ and fashkmed with small 
ribbon f, liuhltd ta|jcrs slicking; out from 
under hi- J tat — I in night frar in those who 


e ncountered him They culled him Blackh enrd . 

For much uf u ytiur Tea* h terraria od ship- 
ping. aloPj^ The rousts or the Caxi rlmas at id 
\'i rmniii Death came to him in - Ms in Pam 
lleo Sound near Ocraeoke when, in n fight 
with a young British Navy lieutenant, hr 
^received above 30 wounds," ncoiUemporiiry 
.Jr. ■ 11 in i rdaio.H, 'die fore hi full down dciidT 
Lai it i hat century, in r he same vicinity, the 
British had lesisUrcess in shopping the flnw 
of -vupf il 1 l’ ■■» Vmeriean r evolutionary fi>r 1 h-:- 

Vnfaviinihle wciilher and shuaJ water* sty 
mied attempt-* by Ihitjsh warships to him k- 
nrie the Intel between Ocrarote and Pni i- 
moidh Islands-. Smaller, pore mmiepyerahle 
vev-d:- supplying; the cnJi.inLiiLv continued. tp 
dip through the waterway 

"Tite contemptible port of Ocra- 
coek , hits lifetime g areal dnuhtud 



17 CI,- »•!«» : SDaW'i.C I^ITJ 


li'U 


iif ;- li p ply to the rebeh. 1 ' wrote the 
rolanial governor of Noitfi Carol inn: 
Indeed, when Genera) VY-dnriLEi-mN 
itfHipH wurr At Valley S'urgt*nrt.e sup- 
ply plan called for parage through 
the bile? in £ h r -i ■ ■ « • k «; 

Following the Ruvoluimn, Ottfa 
i-nkv rani in tied to^ov tl> importance 
;l- ;i port It! I 7S7 ne.irty 7fn 1 Vpcb 
reached the North Carnlmii main kind 
1 h rc Jti i r h the i nlet C tun nfpqs i n l- u rrpnta 
.uh! Lulu ri he drei ijting to keep pate 
with r-ands driflmpz into the inlet, 
however, liiil much to mA |fae trade. 
Most uf tin- summer visitors to 
Ormcaks are campers down from 
Hut Lera- 1-Lmd. TIwa arrive cm the 

m 

fjuL state operated I'erpcs that punTh 
back atn I furth across Hm terns InleL 
cis" the -even caj^pgraumb in the 
£j*,5l' l-acrt national r-eushore, four 
*itv nci Two ii-f those stand 

»i-ai thy ocean, although one wasn't 
|ilarmuJ 1 hal way P w .is 1 .300 feet 
from the water when the btfjaseh was 
first njH ned in lu.^s, hut erosion has 
chewed nil narfrl of thiif distmicr 
Cape Hattems National Seashore 
w j tS i-St-dklmlifd iri 1 ri.v. the fir>l ni 


Viuni by \fj. j.inl iii.]ert;]LLl>LlitMjrv 

dr fjnjvNfc? □ fiun nrreen fhra ladyi>n tht 
Ik-prli J ht- Litmt .-I • ended lit- 

l.i Ht v^L'aifk! nil ju tic 1 , IV. Luq [Eil- 
wracked --h ■ <- tl: uf Hudic I -I and. Ejh.^’p- 
■ ii on 1 ^ -proud -.hip- HeenloniE>ed E 1 wr.‘ uli 
the ilmip-. Somfctunfcs sljartns Luj-l- the 

ln'iif.' of - »n 1 j oi 1 lu u- i^np-liUL^itn n vi»*- 
«eU t but ibf wttidfi - j rim burv thtjm aeain 







Waiting fur the ferry T kmghiiiif 1 1 :■ perch on dit? unjormn ui Lliii landing As 

ihr vt$$d kavnlhf iSi'i L Lhe flock fulLuw** rpaEser^ere for a lianrJnul In addiilm 

to sea .111 J short bird'i, the (tan It? iboufid Ln winttr-resIdi-ELi waterfowl, piJtf^luly 

^rL^tltrr -nnw kwh.. which i ntlie b\ liii“ lilDUrainnU ii- Pen l-hm: Xitijoruil \\ ikHifc Kcfailt. 


its kind in r lie VaLiarL* From Whalebone alt 
Beetle [stand in the sniithem dp of Oeracake, 
the sandy lnjTii- cxn-pi for the vij Liszt luta* 
lions, wm designated ^ belonging to alf Mu- 
1 1 ti i-ji It L iJ-Ht year niun? c I \ ;i n am ill ion nf them 
came foe n visit 

Men und Sim Buttle |or the Shi>te 

Bkit the sea still contends for Lbc land tun 
To combat tiros mm, Lhc ftyk Service planted 
sea onLs and American bc-ach a ru>3 to catch 
I he rvrr-mnviriL T sflTict arid build them into 
tin rirli^c of pro lot live dunes emw Guiding 
n ear tl i l 1 i ?■_ l- 4Ji . Son u>ij rtv irr oi ns, u r j ett ie> , rsi a\ 

1 1 Live io be built Co seaward .uni .m artificial 
beach treated lo protect u Navy facility near 
Bust no anil the Cafre Haii&ras Ui^ht 

Many resident.' o( ihe Outer Bank:- art 
w a ry m I tnan-mad e i li? t'e rusts es p ■ -cmlly 1 1 u i - vs 
They k e li i w that flood Waters come not so much 
from the sea as from the inbuilt -drit. 1 ri curlier 

"TIiL-rr iirv \t.\ » ir IlCT IliHlUPlLjL .-i;ii.i 3 iutr- Pnirtfu- 

laJaml, TcajLfi; Pnifti Shtym, CjJifnmfn; Cope Clh3 p Mjb 
^CMfhLLMSit ■ AifiilCJflSW lilanid. M-U^lllMii-VinyaLLi^ Mir 
UJumI, Vriv \ i ir +. aFui t .-si'ir | onJuiiiL N&rth i jiullH.L 


tilt hijih waters escaped dimply by 
washing over the flat bland.-., hut nrnv the 
ntwly deia'loped sand dike stands in the way 
The Park Service may know mote than T 
do, I ml f still wonder wtisit 's vomg to happen 
when we ha,v> mother bad hurmane/ 1 said 
Bernice BaJLmit-. formi-r ^urfmah in Ihe old 
] ife saving Servfc e_ fc T keep rwiemb^Hn^ iho 
hurricane of IR90 , Iji- F ore they put th? dunes 
up, when there wasti i nuthinn to hold ihe 
water back. 

"It was the worst storm 1 ever seen / 1 Mr 
Ralhtoi r said "The water in our ii vint: ronm 
went over the Smjit-r rtu-'iftg machihi We 
had to move up to Lbc attic until the storm 
was over, and when we did vet the w : Her nut 
erf the hmj?e, 3 IB bet the 1 re wm a bushel or 
three peck?, of soakefi, eeJs, crabs* fish, and 
every I hi n g el <c u rn ter a I ie s | ;ii n- use Vdu nev t 1 r 
such a m ess," 

BcTTilte Ball Lin ce also re m embers a dnv in 

■w 

September L f » 44 l . whim the wind vcdudly uL 
Cape Hatteras reached tin milts ;in bmir, 

; tf r i tcditiK r n r c c »>rd? at ihe r ape s we at her 
'laitoJi Thv miry eontuiti^ this notation 


40 S 





■ 1 ■ « qjfcllH.J P 4 HI>lh. ■ -» • I' IF J ■ &■ i 

Osm- ill ii million w\ut visilrd I Ba-r flMeLNial 
hhuJuia Ipss-t year* n pfttiy vscnboeiiu ■ 1 1 - 
light* in the Mill breeze and unc mwded [wend* 

1 Kti l i mal c 1 1 A II instni me n t- c ;i fried a w ny 
* RJirr lull I nteiiim Llii- dem^ tilting 

hurtliea$t wind uf Mttrds 7. IQU* was the 
wur.it uf ill Rf membtfred on the Outer Bunks 
iis t i j l* Asfi Wednesday Storm , I he blow stir red 
she Atlantic until, liurhnp "real heads of 
water, it severed Hatleras Island. r cindnsout 
a nuvv iiXI-foat-wide in lei Jet-s mirth uf Bus- 
toil vBla^t # Workers -m < -ci-dei 3 in dosing k 
months later wit h sand and a wide variety of 
junk tncLuh im, lutlimi mam old cars- 

Alt Kalliincc ti \ia inned both hurricane and 
noT p eastcr in his Irrnc, 05 haw mu-r ■ -hunler* 
who once were nirEishtTs of the Lifesjivttifl 

Serving I hi- #ervu :r begin ulcerations- on the 

North Carolina coast in 1#?4 and. futict toned 
u unit 19 Sf 5 n when it was merged with Lhe old 
Revenue Cutter Service id form the V S 
t ' i l^t i S u iirc l A r hai n of glutton* w *l- u \ \e nr. d , 
eiith ■ i.EiiFifi'E by a keepet, nr nsbeer in charge, 

,md mji -urfnteN, THtw patrol! tul the l .'each oh 
fool, and sometime- un horseback, always on 

*Stf "iJur CfwIteJnp At! ■ ■ ' i-rW.." Iw SaHuiiM 

T Kenney Xatuwal (j&XJS^r'Hic, JVf i- mtif r IMjJ. 

40* 


me idtfrl tiff .l u'-hI ip liiitfL 1 -- And when 
tin 1 i iiil uimr, a> if often did, [\w >trd'utL , n 
pushed their E,6Wbpmiml lifcbmite “iio A 
wal I -=ike -urt, aware thm a single wroiiK 
move might mean a ^nmi: injury 

Tlu- toil' of duty stfitkipis in Eh c LifefiaviBiit 
Service are filled with accounts of hemi^m 
by men with the Outer Bunks dan names . >i 
Rid I an [d and Merkins and the legendary 
Midaeits 

On a winter's day* J ?at on the abandoned 
beads where ant of ibi 1 first stations Cuter 
htinjd i mli Llitny^hl ahsUjB H.imhu* > Midget i 
and 1 Ijl 1 I > n L>. i J li jl- /Vjv rild Likigu hn 1.1 1 had 
heard the ?tury many times during my stay on 
the Outer Banks- — how i he vessel was strand- 
ed and break lpc u | > as surf man Mid sett liap 
pcrn'il by on his hum He dismounted and 
r.LLi Lhtimgb the crushing surf tu the ship. Hr 
tamed unc crewman to :-aP.:ly on the beach 
and Wiaht back fur another Ten times he di-1 
this, si i me how managing tn survi ve a strain 
on bin body that few men have know n 
I he official report uf the incident , jl- looped 
by the itittion kre|M.T p cLlt5 ibrntljh the drimiu 
En jiMhrlu.L .in it | > 1 1 01 tmiii'r -I.U i. , [m-h1 'R > 
M i d sett, S tirf mao Nt > 1 on -Sot illi pat n jI from 
a tti to ^unnHc He found a wmi Rroki n 
tc T Ihm-s i mites S * nut h of Station :utd im the 
'’ter h iv -is len men. He m tin a ice* i l ■■ - -s vi them 
nh without cnmiiiK Lo Station u. repurh" 
Rasmus Midizeii to do whnt 

hv diti b>r us putting out to sea that ^osiser 
faults lo shore, men pi i he serv ice inok ximl- 
anre Eti the pithy i k p^rtintf benerffetion bl 
their soperibis “Hit mJfr -<ay yim j/cut i go, 
mi that you uoita cbwte liiuk," 

The Life^av Service functioned done 
t 3 ihj cdtul mp" i In Outer Bunks as tasfcally i 
w s n ter n p c ml n in N'n w . wit h bp Is nt \ ilcasit re 
era 1 1 moving ovciT ihc water*, summer sht 
i-t'a^on For fe n ue work. Ofiantimeii lIll- pih— 
sijm iiTvolve^ noshthLr more than n^tuririv: u 
St Else i rJ iliri-vtimi 

AVc stopped one picture boat 1 h.i l wus . ; 

Piiiaiii'Ei bt-iiL'h FfMirfl i'J .Niirlli t. iitol m\. 

Xak- 1[l.li 1 %|irntltcil CDUiices arLil j liultl In 
die lftJtfs* when wealthy pluntiTK Hjqphi m 
escape 1 1n- mUiSjnav <h ml and swamps uurl 
milrsshc?i The JiJfat diipmcjit HM ilHl llle 
side away irum thv orc-'in nnt urn:! the hue 
IMk diil bpn to si 4* here urt the 

Alhitklte sidr. 1 ti l\u*bc days niosit eh tiler 
rtfiid^flb i ^nbt- En* Nb^i Head ctn Mtammij' 
I lay Mi-rl stayer I until 4 ;hng| n 1 - 

upesied Tt«Ua> . with uik>i 3 highways vsen 

tisiiusts coii i e aiid k 4 - in u. steady stieam 

















* 

n 






i 



|if j^4?* E j 






«J-“*=^jfi fa 


1 
















vfiitfts ou! to sefC ji Coa.st Guardsman on 
mid me. "and the .skipper wanted tci 
know if he was still in the inland waterway " 
No Umger .in? the old suifhi&ts um’ d in 
rescue w>rk. ftiiihvr n pvr^mjiel uf ihi live 
Coa>l: (iia.ii'il ^tkitiiinA j.[onz! the Oilier Banks 
rely □ n helicopters and a il fee i ■ ■ i I 1 i: 1 i - 1 " ■ w lt rs I 
vessel &j, '^1 * t ; i Ltriir am l ^naalj. 

Iktlrrib fa ’tit! ttjt“ killer u always wjl- . at 
cimrs^t hut with *wifi c u m rm m i i : ; d i n p n p ad- 
vance* in tcthn^jUfr*. fund *u- 

pb^dr.itiori of IoqI.v fur remit?, trap: ]ai t i- 

den Ls .si- 1 n ti the cq as t ■ ?c r u r on f > rarely now, 

Fishermen C JkLh-C Inin Cfu>hin^ Sin I 

Stroke IhdUriic vm W with the Cqnti 
Guard when it abHjrbedthc Lifesavtrm Serv- 
ice in 1915. He retired in 194ft, and nmv< m 
the me s5 ju a ( with a hr jx f ul I of m edit] s t n 
[us • Irr- -er drawer* lie spends most nt bis tlon; 
fishing in the t ape (liilieta,- -urf Hi- like- lo 
gel Elicnr At what In- <*H* the “'peep of day/* 
especially- dining the fail months wb-uti the 
channel bass mr b ilim best 
Day had peeped hours earlier when I drove 
i\ l-N^irh hu£J4> idimjj the Bntleras diortrline 
FiiJifniieii were out in prtial numbenksorofc 
streli hed out an tbr &aml and rJoriny in the 
warm noon sun while Lheir heavy infecting 
rod.- rested upright in satw! spike* 

1 1 a ll eras WAlc r$ drew hi he r men hum he tore 
i Ei r re wv r e ri iiid> vi h die idun ds , w he n i r coU] 1 1 
Like ja bourn In drive SO miles through Lhc 
sand t bry ■ uunfc. ;ctid >ti!l cumc. pul unty for 
the i tijuiiid bass but for tlnr blue*. black 
drum, i; make r T flounder, w > li ting b striped bass, 
king mm here | - pot, honiln, sivordb^h, and 

Mihi »-i -ilk Uiijuubt dkep-^fit fishermen 
come for the blue marlin. St up pa mi my h e.n h 
bun civ On ibt broad >amb elhou ni the cape* 
1 could sec ai leASt a dwell i barter boats !i er;td 
inii out tu itt-fc-j i water in -eaich nf marlin i >n 
June U 1 qua , a \\ j a ifalirfinan h nuked 


iViteri 1 Viiii-nuuis iir ■, I irwik to (In vki^j, 

In iHiwcttd ill e E m. li ^i-iinn r pylon in 
vrreinfn^ I _m him sis itrenks Lhe dL;- In-hind 
Kill j Jrpvll Hi ft iii E I li. tiKmuTTlent \o i Jrwilli 
aad Wilbur \\ rintk?; Aitrii^ted hy level s 1 mi- 
4nd rorL- L.iTi t; wi nth, iliv I irt» 1 1 1 1 - f - 1 tLSflc" 1 u the 
art*i Hi ifrittici.'iily ! s j ftjcpr irmslil with 

glider- i m December 1. , 1 i lhe\ sue 
■ I'rdecJ in lMILni:hiliK a EtamfejUlk'iklly driven 
lic:ivh r-lh.Ln rrir rr.dl m ci L 2 -jsei ond flight 
Th t Nuimii.il Pfefk Servu'e \ fait or Center. 
nvuf tJriL- sitr ■ it till- tinit Shiilu. biiuvts li 
n'nMwSui mm of ths' ufipiniil pliine dower I. 

4 m 






.n l.i luu nwrfisi "IT Cape II edit rttt; il tnttf&ured 
I i tfM'i i ini' h « is Til weighed s 3 1> pounds, a 
world 1 ' record i since then eclipsed h\ an :-d _• 
under etmjihi off St. Thorns to the ll* S B 
Vlirin liinndiil!, 

r fish sui.'h it* the 1 1 1 ;k r Li ai follow 
the <iLilf Stream lo HnUfi-as "The stream 
qmes within 1 miles of shn re at tlw capi; — 

i ! ■ 1 1 C&jL fcipprn;<rh tn hind :l 1 afl> L |XlinE HOTth 

*i! Cape Kennedy, In Florida. Moving wills 
the flow df a thousand if meets 

l lie cold t:uritiTLs VoiMnftdown from the north, 
and the reiiult is j vnlcnflu ns me of the sea 
isniil si seen is tn shim I un end Kwn now, as 1 
witi lied the ftshinp bonk'. [ is mid >cr tlie 
Waters eh timing and hen vims if in fi*r>" 

It Wv Con Id Holt Bi*tbc tin? OioiMj 

The spec tnde is htsi oh^-ryed tv ?i .i srtnrtny 
day from iv huii-lnidi t.'njjc I'lathTLi-s Lijsht- 
hini.'t- ilu j tallest in the XiiliofcL 1 i lmibcil the- 
spiral Mairnsse So tin’ crown nF the tower and 
looked nut im ,i i ,ic -r-iiupn^ ieu of the Hanks 
The Al TaiUk wii> uxuy ;t-. mold 
The Gfflly irtlwr i>t?rson «if die lop w&s n 
middle aged (pan with a pati nt iiinoi ular* 

! t l- tvii i c! let I l he 'll Her fi 1 r m fr i ms: t r nu- a n d 
then *.isd, more t>< hini:-elf ihms in mi\ H Ah* j* 
touJd roll back this pLui. of the uceaxi, 
yutl + d S&V sumtilhtas itico/' 

Diamond S h 1 1 llJ *■ !’r,i see (hat Ir’xteiidin^ 

(Hit loses for sboul ten miles, fine dreaded reel' 
filing tn within three s"r f i nf die '-urfmv lli 
■ ■ me f n d si ! "■ E s i l hi dn> - Ut* re ■ It: plh fi n d t r r> 
.■ml otlier nrnnlem rinviitiiiiunal aids* thv 
sands of Diamond S holds trapped uncounted 
vessels ami hr Id them urlil th e > fell apart 
nndtt ah.kjin-L ■ Ij> ilit 1 AthmiiL 

With die -ocean rolled hack, f r d also see tht 
mntilfis of ^irm? of the hnndrt- Es of ather 
^liips wr«i ked in HatterLL- w uters diiL Lnn thu 
pn.-u i ,n ytar? One was i he famed Federal 
imnetfld Monitor 

Fi ■ 1 1 aw i he its hislo ri . i riRit ee men I in i 1 a mp - 
ton Rihflds with die lirrrtffliii, uhirh tlir 


l.,LLri4i:^i -Niriti dllise tm ib-p L ' VlLlntti 

1 . Ji rki'y Kid-^c wrnt lfr.nl n-H - 

tttSTC diioi hd ' Irr! Vi *il-:n : -iiku Ni i^Sfllin 
mn far .I LritaiJ view of die ^I'ean As with 
cnt -L Lht dir area ^ plut i' n_tmi j - r tbr orii£iii oi 
Jm fr' kl.li.il U ilh'.Clirr llElr li i ^i>nil r> d al ti - 
it i lii wild poiiiitv ili-iii tu-td so mum t ht : 
IhinJu- Slip pi hst iih eiirrvdnu an A rah inn 
■irriin LhijyVS'cn m'Ii-jl altpiil 1>> the Bknk-crt 
and cured -m thr slrptch nf sanfl- m 
hunt i>r 1 1n 1 rtnimninlli dune Hit- riil|t made 

,itt kk.il Lzrarnt'L.ini 1 ! f?ii llic niece?- 


41 | 



Ail 


Naii i mal Geographic p September 1969 


■ iinfV derates had iirmored and! renamed the 
Vitgi&iGt ihr "Vbri'-rHm* on a mlC w^&s cn 
route *: 1 1 South Carolina. A? it founded Cape 
Itaftiew; uiifkr low* the wind -ihibed m the 
Kiuthui^t and freshened tu farce Vs 
.Uitwthrr ldm^tirmfi Prime is 8. Butts late* 
ret let!; "The sea [tilled high ;tfld pitched 
together til the (peculiar nueutcr only seen at 
HaHiJTa.- The >c[i rolled mvr tia .l- it our 
vessel were ji ruck In the otMh only a few 

ifithrs above thu Wat, it. . 11 

Ciit lijosc from L hi l stemner and shipping 
w.lut, die i 72-fom vc^el went 10 the bottom 
The i tew, jI'm i jj_r i L the J/r?mfF?r ai the time "t 
her loti totaled 65 officers and men Forty 
nine were nt&cucd itnd taken tihuard the Mde- 
w bret Legend hi*. 1 -- it tii-iii the bodice 

of .wvltlU i hi t.1 ie re m tuning 16 crewmen later 
drifted n i _4mrc nn 1 1 at i eras tshutd noil were 
buried in &. wcN^dtai id-covered e^f anise of 
>imd dunt- -inrl ridjje* called Buxton Wi«ocLi 

Diven Mali Search far tin- Stamirtr 

Walking Itirnuph that jftviim py , g rtt m plane, 
w he re w\ Id r i i:e 4 iow> ncx 1 1 0 1c*U h n ry - 1 ear ed 
ciak tree-, S ramc across the site where the 
bodies are -aid ld rest Hut Buxton Woods is. 
ittUrJitfnuuth count rv, >0 I rfidri'l tarry long 
u 3 lu i] m h b> ufrsorvt much rporc ihun a -light 
depression in the ground. 

As fisc the I . r - ■ iinf h^riclL the n n« ■■ 
on A pmfasruunid diver uLiiinu-d to have lo- 

■ uled the irimdiiii its but frothing cjmiL- 

uf a plan ti« raise her lor exhibition in .? 
mu-t'um A neither .Msriuus effort tn locale and 
salvage the p-rm 1 is now under way, but 
rbuetus bas i way or thwarting anemia ti 
plunder it.- graveyard ’map, pages *VjH-4<50j 

It- Snraii fnstef uf Wrecks includes 

* The -4 iu rib mil a packet uf rich 

degante an? I n-i urd-^rttim? -[ ucd. Bound 
from New York Lu Charleston, the >50 -ton 
JEfamr armed off t ape H-im-rai- in October 
1 S4 ? b to meet a hurricane moving up from the 
tr ul f Stul & Pi l c hi n jl. ”ii vi 1 . 1 1 ; ntly tint ■ m l\ ic 
Uprise lurf pjwMIvwlwdb « humed air, (hr 
H*wi€ Ki' Minded uff t k racoke _ind br i>ki up 
At i 90 lives were lost 

* The Lffrrttlf [ l)r£Tvft& With j.iils m 

her live the Maine -h 14 1 It xcliitiHHtr waii 

sd^rhted fin :i stormy winter ataivniing in 1 91 1 
fast cm [>iamiinfl Shoak Sttrfmien from four 
Coast Guard tatlons ran tin OtiLer Sunk:- 
went tu Llic vessel, but exuepL for two 
they loimd rin s i Em of life Tht galley stave 
held recently pre | Kited I noil I hr uuc of the 


Decrial; i crew renuuns a mystery ti> this njj±\ 

* Dhsmoml Shpur\ / i^hfshfp Vu. 7? \ s \ tr- 
maa submarine hd led and sunk the li^htshifi 
in World War 1 C "ill- oi thui-r who survived 
the .lILiii - k waa tdn QuicBey ui' Ruxtoti 

W a- flvr mili-j- from when she 
-Lined sbelliiJiL 1 he rctofletj lor mc r . T went 
hut .1 purtimle ourj irno ;i do I Hurt we-uinp 
nolhiru? but H V DA mid a pair > • l pant- It 

sunk 1 l -> from in thti . 1 s 1 • to 

Lhat night to row and iail 18 miles to shore/ 1 
UjzlHship* no lurigtr arc positioned off 
fhamunrl yhnab; ritihc^ i\ $^ T OOOiOOO Ti^as 


Ih'hifr m .1 fE\iny, %tiii r 

Stirfc rs Ele >u I I :u1i le WAfd 

1 JI 1 T H iti|y ul rulirijj 1 hi 
long Ai hiriiFr -wi-Eta i n w l 
wftsJi the Outer Ho&ki 
With Vpni’ 6r*i I hiql of 
a.'irTriib, hitarty vtiuiig 
peenlc j PkJL=-ii LIil-u- LMhirsU 
intnihr E rigid *urr Ai the 
i'lid mi -ichboli ibf tkvo 
Lee 51 name in ani.rLvwmi: 
1 mmber 1 ? Ci r Ioniser -« 

( 4i cMun4ilK a surfer wilt 
6c eauL r ta b\ r trii k\ 
furrrr::- .vnri swepi inn 
l» h:l^, LidduiL: .1 new ru- 
•ipon-ibiiity to ihc CTtia-i 
( i uard * 3 1 tfe&dvi n ^ : , 1 1 1- 



Tower. fa^dkd ml 1964 and miitg Mi) feet, 
now helps to guide >hip- -afd\ arriimd Hie 
1 ai k With il fig hi visib le for 20 mile?, f page 4ti3 1. 

1 went to the tower by helkopter, limiting 
on the roof «-l tbi: batlruoni si/e cni:ln>ur^ 
whit h i> partitioned nitij wnrknig and living 
ufu«T& t n r (hv four < 'nasi (mard^mru there m 
.ill umc^ They pull moiii Ei-Innn loutf of rtiri > . 
IoLIowihI h> two week?. 4 sf Seat v 

Unlike tin old h^biships ihe tower cun nut 
■..i.-L .1:11 imr a : 1 1 ! mu from > • h«rri: Thus tilt! 
structure. Jiltheiugh suppurtrd by four Med 
piflngs huned mare ihm\ IOli set'L in! a tht 


y l.i 



Lonely Cape Hattcras, Besieged by the ^ca 


oce un flop r, h 05 E Like n i is rri b 1 t ill Ki si' In t M r t r „ 
for c\;jrnple, 1 ;il u-r^fimi I ripped tllto it, tak- 
znu: iiway radio and television an tenniis arid 

sh, 7 lleririg rwuurly ill lilt 1 window* 

*'TliU tower was built to Insi 75 yciu>/* a 
member of ibc crew Mild me. "but r.. iHl you 
the l rut h. 1 wouldn't want in be on it ten 
veart from nmv “ 

■■ 'I c, 

< Ijip-u lie-c-i irneii " t i npiM lit Jil nr! mi i 

I M I hi w iil'f span of time re prevailed h\ 
the w riM:k> at Him mis, 1942 Hand* out as the 
most fcrapk year Sinking-'* totaled mure than 


113 

vwjv placed in the Waiters; blimps and other 
.isrcfiifi - cardie d mil the suba (ram ihv air; 
! i jj I w * t 'f unr I - Ei it n 1 14 tr 0 tied l He bear he :i , som l- 
un horsebacks others leading 1 i.mil ^js | i.u'k duppL 

And >n !■- i jb-t L r >vn 1 pinkedui- .1 -ifinaJ 
cm Us sonar 

M We were! off l hi? Outer Bank* when weitrPt 
the signal. and thinking it was a German suh< 
we put down a pjittrm ul depth charst*/ re- 
■ jMl-iI Hull I'Va/iend \.i£S Hruil who wa> .. 
crewman *>n she safot baser. r '\ short time 
later this " ■ Til whale Ifimred so thr ’iurljm* 
Thai rascal hsld taken four depth 1 fairer- and 



MMIIHI I 


40 ve^eh. many Hi Hu m ranker-, &a Gentian 
Mlbs operiitipK w I shin saiihs of the l inter Bonk* 
turned the an. 1 a into "Torpedo Junction " 
Tee srttt five ddp- burning ui utie lime oil 
die antel here!' a reddens of the village of 
Kmlcuruhe told me AVheii ibt 1 coifk 1 catm 1 in, 
it, painted she beach block wilh nil ” 

The t.'-ln-.n- attacked ;*i night* jJwu> * at 
ttpuhi During tih*. day they surfaced. and 
crewmen *uh batted off the Hanks Tltf? 
iiu'redibte boktntits continued wvAl intu t h e 
year— uni ! 1 finally coastal defenses Hunk *m 
snme semblance nf nrder, to Mit> . 2 p fiJS tiling 


was - ri IT 1 li ve E s w n- a m I iqmtu inn rn is la king 
,1 whale fsir a sub, hut we didn't have vrr. 
ejdiili In th'.' >i-' days/" 

Few men were more cloudy involved with 
the LoastnJ warfare than Ayrnck Brown, a 
genial former nrwsfmpernuifci who npw does 
public; relations work -un the timer Ranks- 
V- a jieciaJ o^ent in Naval InlelUktcnre disr- 
ini! the war, hv helped Idriiliiy ?omt of she 
tunny hodits IhaS wa^iicd ashmw from fori'ie^ 
1 lord ships Of all In- i \ 1 ■t-rn nci^s. none 59 
impressed me ;t> the inimly ironical Btdfnrtt- 
hirf inri-l' m 











Drtiiirm > -i nUiry end in an t?n?i;Tnii: Werktlay evening'* ■ luring the sijljtrrttr the IValrnsiift? Tht-uln- 
on Kkiftiudcc Island pla ys The Lost Cttfony, an outdoor symphonic drama of (he fi^i English s^ille- 
mtmf In Amenta Indiana otTci proycn to tln-ir cam pcwl in 1 Ji i > iipc run e fTCQt Tv Kciiltiukc in I ifl? 
ernnr Mildier* farmers. orLisaiis., wumrn, iUid diilto. Wailing lira pet ateh fur supple 


Huvm^ dEtermifi^d fhi.il four IkhUct >m cht 
Ijoarh tvrfr British from a faarpcriiHsd- 

Lujskt:r, Mr. Bin «vrn set unit h* find >nnar British 
ftjQi- for u;;l! in the buriul service. 

u A Brubh >h I p, list- IKc^Pfdlifrtrtr, 
ducked Lii Mrjfthfcod Oly^ BO f %%-e n-i aboard 
Lind .i^ked ir they Ivar.l any cstnt fiagso \ Cfew 
man pdifiUrd to an oflirer oo the bridge ami 
>jid, 'See him, ihe one with ibe beard. Hb 
name wn> Ll Thomas CunnLnijhain. and he 
iritvr me si s t num Jacks " 

Two weeks JattT, Ayr at k Bum n v ns fig jliji 
isked tu identify four victim of si -.dbrn drill l 
- mkbp n \ looked M the rirM hurt yj 1 lie 
“‘and knew rifj.h ■ away iv.hu he was. Lie j 
tenant CunniivcIiLLriL. 

"When we buried him; bn « askei. draped 
-114 


in alii' nf Lhe Union junks he'd L r iv?n mt " 
Tod.1,1 on iln . 1 Inland tit' ( terttDikc iherr t- a 
^mall parcel of ground# fenced and half- 
hidden by yaupoiL bu-in- nod h 4 dully pine, 
Ee ih railed [lie Hriush Cepnetery, and there 
reM the bodies of Ll Th u mas C mini ugh art? 
anf] dim- hIIht Ifltfh of H M S Bedford- 

'lii n \u flags Eh there, m? Ups ^emmi at 
nightfall But on the Cemetery fehce .ire in- 
scribed these tines i tom Kuperl Bftwfcc: 

// f sH fluid die, thinA only ihts rtf me; 
fh a t r ht' re *$ s o nn ■ f&rtse r t?f & fore i jn ji rid 
That it forever finghtmi 

English- speaking man came early tv these 
island- — 2 * .stars before Jfliwe-unvKt — and it 
was litre ihai .Anglo* American < Lvilizsii.mri 



■ to u rn i 1 - mnp’ iFitt’ Mill ' iidiui 'U h 


*hi[i+ r 3 hr fciluriisti! fnupht Indanf. “t \uhh- ii u-il! he it buy,’" ,iayi » iibnrer w flli iAfl of l hr 

.uh. 3 hunj-tr like =ti aj r tirufEieil i ti 1 ^ rHh Ui i rtp^frt birth fif the fi.rn.t f-I iq« J Mtn child bom in the Xew 

End l lie setei till cn I lit.'lOf I i fc r! . *n rS [ lie my - Wari rJ K I cJMlr -f L Mi r* ■ inf flilt a E ■ rl, n .1 I uj 1 1 i Kerf \ srm do. 

tericmi wtnrti 'CronlLi^n" curved cm ll port, In hunor *1 the mw lloiL She viinidtcd uiih ihc e ninny 


be^^h. tn August 1585* * group of H5fl men, 
« ■ ; l i i p t l ij I by Sir W =llui Rid e i re j u hr 1 1 
Jt'i.mobr Island, htlwccn Hie mainland ami 
Liu: Outer Ranks. 11 1 err ihew cMoLilibhinJ Liu: 
ffcrsl Knplish colony in North America. Fsced 
h> famine and hostile Indians. nil mu rued; 
In E\ nsdanrf LilL following year. 

The second colony f als** dispatched by 
Raleigh. arrived tn July 158? \ kto wi'ck* 
LEl% the colotiv increased h\ one when 
hkurmr 1 1 are nave Mrlb ! a daughter They 
named her Virginia. W.<l *hi- W13 the first 
■ In Id bom id English parents in Arntiita. 

Thr governor of I hr colony and ihe grand - 
■ Ijlt nf Virginia Dare. John White, returned 
t" Khpiutid for supplies, Where he was dv 
tuined umi 1 I > 1 ■■ I jnin n. 1 [ u mi ng T « i Roa nokc 


N:ind f lie found rm Ir-u.c q\ thccnlnnist? other 

thou a sin^ie cryptic * lur ( 'aryed cm j stoc h - 

:nir |j4.^i wnrt! u Ctn;Uo^^tidtfincr 

apparently to a nourliv U land. To Lhi> day th£ 

raLc erf rhe Lust ("olom stands as one ot the 

p 

u: reki i mysteries erf Werican history 

For many pis after the dis*i spear anee of 
litj i oLorn the Ihink- remained to Liu. 1 sole 
po^cSMcm >4 the rmtju 1 Indians Tbroi in 
1663, the fiM proprietary charter w as issued. 
SullltT? moved in to raise cattle .md uKiruct 
oil from i Ite many dtu l ■■■ hales that wash i 1 ' I 

asbrkn R;-. [he turn ui the fentim < tJie rfntk- 

“ ■ 

mi: tl hinrl s hi- w hide r - wre -Ii L iri i i a the i lari i L- 
wiih pirate am) runeway s^ffviint- 

T'ach Minuner nnire than S0 + tK)0 fiersnn.s 
attend t^rformantcs n\ Th*- h&st i \ a 


4 IS 






■ 



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p~ *TT \ i 

ray -* hIuTi ‘ m 

'4 545 <r- 

i 4 *“ » Jj 

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VP3fe* * Jf 

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rv>- 'i 

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l 


I k.i l i 1 1 1 1 it m kn:iiinkf I > 3 lli 1 1 1 i : i w ha h the tl&glc early 
Lilt l its pLi In- culoiiire the Outer Bunk- urea are pur- 
i . - ■ i 1 1 hi pin ,l pi phii li^s I it -.cl a^ninsil .1 buck drop of 
tin- water* ol the soujui ipn^r* 4 14 -| 5 j r 

I watched the pa^tAHl on .1 wurm August event nt:. 
>A heil nun littcMUncd and thunder jiUnttUdied 1 hr 
\'\.rltjmt£es between i.Jueen Elizabeth Lind \\ atter 
Raleigh Suinein l he .111 diem L h linked nr. in uimoysiiite 
AS a in liliT-errufinr plane bum*d yvttfltcad. 

Vrr EEt- laumbttd Near kill Devil Hilt 

Another plane bwsjtf \n these jumeskiesn* ytrar- 
£i£0, and the entire world now tumors it* bulJden?. But 
fur some residents of the Outer Ranks, the aci 1 vii ics ol 
dim two li !■ 1 1 1 li 1 - Puna oiiin r Williur ami orvtlli 
Wriphi amounted to nothing mure than purr Usll> 
On December 17 , VK) 5 * with winds blowing at 2 7 10 
j t tsis Les i\n h<iu r , r ) rvi 1 1 r j ri \atzi t n rnec han icall j. 1 1 1 rv r & 1 
Time hint E 2 1 : feet throupfi the air ewer a levd stretch 
m[ -an. I \miT Kbtt> Hawk Aviation unborn with itnti 
J-oCond flight the first set which a hcav-er-than- hr 
craft success Fully flew under irv own power 

Tnthi> a fill- foul- hi Eh pylon of jtraj granite rises 
In mi the flip oi Kill I levs I HsIS in honor of the m'.hic.\ e 
Tncnis of the brothers \r.i rhv is a museum hnusinc a 
reprrktuiLjuti 1 if the plane Ruth are 1 1 . 1 ri - fyfthe Wright 
Brothers X-itumal .Menu- ria] administered U\ tin 
MltfiohiiJ Park Servin' ip.on- -RHMfi 

Mrs Rennie Will i unison, who live*, on Roanoke 
Island on limit minted In her family by the British 
i 'mwjii was 10 years old itt the time ul the first Hipht 
' 1 1 Vi 1 1 1] Lf a n i-uj a 1 j h ere -^u* t flu 1 ■- < ■ W n p l it- vi ere * t a/ 
she tuld me. ’Ivvrn. after they 1^0 1 tbe mnetiine in the 
(Wf, lilt kindest thing I heard a man (mytnk , 1 Well 
ihev done it. buna if the\ didn't 

■ p 

Mrs Willkumon worked for many year? as an 
tiff militant lor one nf the botch in the neson area of 
r l i Outer Hanks, the ^ctinn nt BinJie Nmifi friitwl 
Atound N . 1 - - 3 fci-.ai J. I"J n- Tfc- 1. ■ 'tt-iLT - stand cm stilts, otir 

*^«ea "AviMLiNi S.lh-L' Uik .iiL - hi It - s . 1 - 1 1 Hii-shiJj.^ fei y V&£i; Ailiii 
L mi > r ; - I mpi L, 1 ft? Vcare of N lij;ti C 1.4 j iliijiugraf ihtc ntronll, m i> ; 
"F^L FTadHtfl fat TwiWffiiiwV Hafir?," by Hu^j t. tJrrfLrUr nil 

N.'.J |l fi \L. r rl. 1 i;H',\HH!l' ! Ull tOllUS I'-.H 


SjjjiiiM.'yi 1 view of the (hirer B&ftkfi Thisd 
matie phnioiLFaph from I .Ju mile> up u aj fliadc by 
rhe crew ni ApoQo 9 — Jtitncs A_ MlDii'iii. I>avld 
R Hfiirt, j.n?J KuhH^S t- ?n h weiir kart — whib nriiii- 
i ni ir the earth ts.i lest tht LM frmii-LiLrkdJiiit cruft 
ia-’ Murcli t he Im^lit - .uni- swor|i frE^m- \ ir^nia - 
1 tpc Hrnr- ott ihr TifEril., n«nitheti*t M> Cape Hhi 
ti then yiulhwftt Xv die V shaped jhendjutt of 
t ape t^nakout injapi* pn£Q& 3'>S-40£ft Bcmralli the 

water iJi^moikd ^hnai- nM ami t.'spc 

LoukoaL Slhuti to the loixlh ei lend omim«ii?l ■- into 
ihc At I^ntir >.uiil iil'di pmtnjtifc l:ri?m \ liiltcra- 
airl 1 h riir -ikr [nlel - Hgece ■ lm. dn ridt'r -ihov. 
the warn 1 Gulf Slreum 












gainst I be other in a seemingly eiidle*& 5 l rtMch 
of yi;nxrM:tl jiorcbe-* and bulbing iiii^ hung 
uut in dr> ipagt 40' i, In whiter liuwever+ 
evert XhU areu full* under a h&fltvv, alt 

w " 

MWi'lopmi iuHnebs Pleasure boat' leave. 

I itttBges arv -Jiunc-ri'il <uid u sum appears in 
i be window of the small restaurant biii'rwti for 
tin- best tuub puppies int liroteras “■L’loied, 
Sue you prsl summer 11 

Birds Bii’lfc the hajiki In U inter 

^ome of (be touch- -i winter whk* on the* 
< hi ter Banks rome from Lite fijpti-acre Fea 
Inland National Wildlife Ueftigpv on the 
ndflhem part of Hatceru' Islimct, Ukuu^nd^ 
of snow etetsc fet'd i m "iih -marsh Cord irrass 
there , until dmr h> fly firc-rth agum On the 
day E visited the rtfu^i if vva- litankcieil with 
snow i:€e^e, ( sume fluttered in families, others 
brHJfeffig through the sk;, vs-st3i ^irqpjsL even 
strokes Caimda #cfr ihen? li», feast Eng 
i in the rye grass planted eh the ftfttgt 
jetTy Hnitoinan, n^istJint manager of Lht 
-iTii^iv, i minted khjI ibe various specks nf 
birds ;u wr drirtT through the ru^ueiL r it hie- 

I I ■ iv k$ d Lnierii i r ■ ■ E i hi v \ ■ reserve $ ighi i ng a 
-nmmop RDlckrieye on the Earner ?5n acntol 
of the two fresh- i^uter ponds in die reftige, hi 1 
stopped the four- wit vd-dmv vehicle and 
viicL "Thr. ^okEeiu'yeisrrm heri- 'We watched 
1 lie duck fur nearly 15 minutes, until it m r 
mid moved away nn w in:.;- revved to :i wtiii 

"Wl 1 luivt 1 about ^,1 h > i snow uec-nr 1 hi^ M-.ir," 
Jerry told nu- ‘Alter ihcyW been hen? awhile T 
I hey get used to tars Bui now and 2 1 sen une 
1 'i 1 1 iem will wait Tiki long to- take off from liu- 
m. :i l.sii li am i < rash int> • u wlndshidd " 

T i4tvr P 1 stood in this- great Away on fane uj 
Ute wiuirr'* w&rtfitap dny* and watched the 
deporting snow graifc split tlic ivLdeftnv of 
the sk> with 1 bear V-ffigh? w r e4ges. And awed 
|i> their inborn eU-puocr 111 the air. t forgave 
Ihtim l heir mental Lapse - nn ibe pmund 
Unlike -aiow sjMfse* sen tiuSln on ihv Banks 
diuw Ult]e liLh'i tupit from reflirhrnl' betaUie 
1 ■! ■ I « 1 : u \i:'_ : 1 , '. 1 1 l 1 mi ib-upping 1 him auA 
f.c^l lop ^ on ibe highway *n break the shells. 

411-nut ujii on mosquitoi-* liu iuiSr-; m..r-;h 
.w >1 -praj'inp ;\ drap urn* iEuc tNi% 
nrtwEirk <-r rial . hi-, mi Bodk Id and J.iibnw-h 
fnllnwme ■ >laJ idrsiinfl^c touIcj S.1111J sc^ipvd 
Mill by ilsc dn&dftc paLiem^ ibe marsh Plum 
^ fur ihkiu(E Mod mat bn of freshwater 

|.Sri nri lis Co QttfuLLl Be JQpD urtti^ffow i 

b ms 1 1 1 m.-L-r u.- j Hi r n \ eh ■ 1 e caiAf «rrv iluw- 
n 1 . :iNalionaS I ';i r (■ Servketruckdjaily ^pr-iy? 
i3]i- iL.LiiijnaJ zes&hvrc*} wven cami>^ti-s 

418 









1 'tumiLftJVfc vurf [iiHiftdi ihr 
lieLLrh it* KhrcL- IbihetTMti Ix^ thpsr 
Itli k ntf Co^rt- II iii~ i.m from 

Ijpab, 1 1 L'tLL'J I r‘-_ Jilll pfep, 1JL5I1T15- 

n\m Kfpl( chiuifutl ha--- bltirftah. 
ri i lu; kr ruL Svvi t mu i w i il HoLif i ilrr. 
T kUipk-r?; hem 3 ffef H l’inme 

I 1 ink JuTfrlinii ir im e%t u\ M ir 
Halil* r^. shtHli** ^here Lhp \litrm 
tiLiir hnlcU [smjnisc mi 

hSui- martin, Elfish jTTihrrpaek. 
Ant i ik^pluii 


"BL'flrth iimlv!" warn 

31 SJTL-- m punpi over the ilunr# 

i ^nSiiuLn i llT - luj-g iStitv li mi the 
t.i\i ■LLr.-il Lights \ 1 1 ,ui 1 1 l* hi ihv 

early rluak n Heath Hussy— wiih 
foLiT U'hed drive aiir] 
tliti — Jlriui- UlWi&n) Ll^pe I^Uil. 
lit i be: dt-Lanci 1 sN‘ I ajH 1 ; Halfpr- 
as I k hi bejpm UKmlh er rtiftht of 
I’Ll- bmp IE* Wartan-jr to 
-ihi|i- J9JJ! Thp uitmnatir 
bfenrctm Hliu« for three f«uon4 
cult uf owrj dill it ceil 




■ 1-1.111. I.I4MH I i- h 


p ii'iimL H WP »W" J 1HI -i If 


Expensive motorized sweeping c\ juipment 
mu;f in* uMfrl in sjtfti the 8 riMilJb of debris 
J ruin attempt tutu ml Ml ilu 1 Ln imlmnlnirm., 
the likenesses of several i>ul]s were sainted 
■ in ih ‘JM-Titm of H -it ter as Island highway; there- 
after. it was hoped* I hr birds would stop etf 
it'^ini! the icUufto lot tear of lining them to 
their grouoded h brush-stroked bfrlhrrn. 

The scheme failed, irnil today the < tan# 
continue lo fall The nest move. 1 was told 
may involve putting down a strrtirli ut con- 
crete for exclusive Use of ihe PjaJb 

Across Uir road from the refupf. tbr- \lUm- 
tk T & stiff was purling .over fht Hatter^s Island 
beach with a Eaz'y crest- I walked itauic for 


four tir live niile^ thal morning, never en* 
cuu flitting another pen-on. The offerings of 
the sea from the night before lay alt JtfddJid 
tilt dul 1 j, tage and snmll t perfect and flawed , 
laid down In patterns for a pearly mosaic, 
charred wonrl and p totes of splayed rnpe. 
ttnply ,ipp]£5iuj£E tans and ll wrinkled bjbr 
of fun id cream bearing the label of &. pfcjir- 
miic> bi Marseilles 

Srirld-TO hy a fresh wind come up from lire 
south Ed stir i he sand Llntids pushed in from 
of the Mm. and Lire -va lost its color By late 
i si erne po n weathermen were saying what 
Sailors have i 'lien hrjin I .ind always feared. 
( 3 iUe w ; : l r 1 1 1 ji i> >. i j e > ;lS Ei outs r i l= T 1 i E E N n 

421 








P IMCHHl'IM 141 Lfcl*£«Pi rib f U 1 MLHs IK HMH *_■ 41 Up I ' M i,NiE 


I'm Lnht badbnt ftafggr ! 

1 1 k iTinu'u, LurpcH- 1 ui Use Kyu- 
k\d wan L'iLjhLnrcil 

lr i -in Jiip.Lii .iitir -.ritartjf \ht 
bloodiest n chime m Works 
Wit II I “mit- 

fi! SuiiL'^ hsutlmyt iht inland 
infrr it> prinrlfia] rr-iitrr M 
-rr'.-iiiTl.li a n the? Panfre From 

sm li bust;* ns K^tTi-no i lefn 

( - 1:4 I il* I ttnttiprirt.^ Lakr on 
r li^j. for Vipt N-sm 


4ijr 













I T II () l u H I I WAS INTTPWXltLK I hmonst nitons Ihronped 
t h e side Wo Ik in fro nt of the 3 tew sp:ii K' r office &rm,^ tJi t? ? t np e t 
frflm my hotel in downtown Niiha, Okmitiwte bluest city. 
They wore blood- red jirinhaorL. and hnuEhiuids uin r| red banners 
iiiliirne wilh Jufianof characters waved from do^tr^ of 
I .litLljI music blared frbm ai lnuds|>ciiker 1 psiEi&ccL unsure whether 
1 should try to thread my way l_h rough 1 bt? mutiny crowd 

to pass/ 1 came a voice at my eJboiv in fu^ibuii Kneli^li. 
"Xm riemojistmie agafnsK United titutes Strike because ne^> 
rMpcr poor pay pciSicy 1 

1 lek relieved fpr dtimonstnitiDm astaiiiftt the t’ S to Oldiijiwm 


Bv JULES B. R1U A R D 

s^airui Rcnn™i sj.ijf 

Photographs hy 
WINFIELD PARKS 

Nutinn^E Gt^t^pphk ^tufT 

and DAI ID MOORE 
Black Star 



THE ISLAND WITHOUT A COUNTRY 


425 










Okinawans air 
their complaints 

k itMKEfK: that ckmiUKls M B -5 >1 re- 
medial r willl i Its % . 1 1 r Olid wearing hr ad h :i nr|? 
\imi siunhi'i ihK^rrU'd with nrnfL.ir tenlimenb, 

• I’iii’hrr- eitlttr in it -i.luniK.-ml mat Kadurui Ajr 
Bmpe fia.se, Thi-v pr-riie- - die |>K5£i^ e m Okinawa 

eftJ. S IJomlwMH Opposition tu the U mienM- 

lii'd hi November IVijS. when .s Strainnc A is- i <im 
niimrJ bomber crashed And. ■exjiteiried at K.irLunj 
In Japan^IfKIplhif IlJlure uf OLiIlj w ,| III:- Jh-i mm- 
.1 ti 1 1 i_i Li r poSitir'Lil ;---;ji with ptiWerfli] npposidcffl 

both ji> com iniio'l I'nited nil I n irv rule ;i fc ul 

. , . -rr -b 5 u 

LLSf ui thfi ! 4 il 4 Tlli its A bits If 

(hintt jimniiic Okinawai** -.irm? I’mm dum^th 
m Wift «Li muTminnrsijI problems At the Uhivereib 
ill life Kytlkuiv (right]* a ilenioii^tralar '.hr 

rthtaul of-'lLJtYilLE* HLi V HEld Lr IT: . 1 3 .m’ I -- gH ! iSli i .ilihiM 

itmj inr Irllnw ^tunlcMs 

*iSh >isf«i i -r- • • <n. , n %T' 1 L 1 * 

» ”i#, rhfK t k>i '. dull w :»hi it bt i i rat % m r. » 


makti bajinrr bfcttdlirtt-S ihrrt m clays. Yet the 
inridvnl signaled an uttUnde 1 met repealed! s 
throughout Uw Land: Okinawans m.iv^eektn 
rid tbtfimJeU es nt Ajtirrtc.in > .uitml nf I heir 
affeM, but Ehtrv pi uU 5 of the ir wav Id br- 
fnelkd l hr Individual .Amuri. . l ii 

Okinawa ts the tar^t nf tbt Ryukyu fe- 
lands* an arch Ipel 414 u H m 0 li nUti nlops l h ni hi - 
rruz oui *u' the -.ua in ii 77? mile 1 fon.-th hc- 
I wt-vn Japan and Taiwan. The I hi LsEand*— 
nboUl h-dl of them without people — ^jiariih' 
die Pacific Ocean from the Kzusi China Sea 
tlflAp, pag* 43-CI) Okinawa ll 1 1 1 n l 1 accounts tor 
Itt ptrorni of t he urdiipehi^o's iru;i and 7 I 
percent of thr pipidMimi often it', rmTtir t? 
UhihtIv Lbt’il for r hi. entire Rvukva chain 

J t r 

Oin"c before Okinawa burst intis the head 
lilies — -Oil April l r E945 t ft rLiv I lint Was both 
K lister Spfldny and April Fouls' An iuinadn 
o< spfnr 1 ,5'' ■" shi|is P with the greatest concen 
tration uwai gtinfim ever in support a 

I'arifk (roup Landing , n j t a>horr Jour t' S 

divtstofis for the -dart n£ what becnmi 1 the 
blpndiesfc baffle of the war in the Fur Ei^t 
More Lbim li.QhO lusi I Mr live* 

lum- I ] 1 i,i .'i 11 Japanese ajid Okitmwan 
dirr-. and at least 75 cisiliaits weTc killed.* 

Thu p*$»CL- trrat> ending the war pive the 
t 'idled SlaLi- full power- ul adiu mist rut lu 91 
over the ftyakyta However, jnhn Foster 
DuUi» r mt l S deleiPtte In the coii1«th i" ■ lr- 



dared that Japan had rt^idu.jl sov ■rndgrtti' 1 ' 
over die islands, nwl a successanp ut V S 
President* since then have allimied she N r :i 
liur • commitniEint eventmilK tu give up iv 
\v ar-boeti tonlrol , In ins.i thiiL eopirol wa- 
relljiipji.djLMl iW the \ mit mi Ciinto. the nrjrtli- 
ettnmusl group of Ld inuts in the 1 lumi. Today's 
agitation prods for reverskin of the remairiiriE 
gurtw Okinawa uml ^iiJiishimzL 

FtiUoot Fresetik Kconomk Probicuu 
"Yim luiv L - to uDderstiiiiKL tliut uur people 

consider thirnselves JapLmesti," Seihn M.J- 
former 1 Inef l%Keciitive ot tliu R;. u- 
kviFun ^iivumjinc'nt, told me Jj Uuit we: were 
an ibliinil kingdom, but I'nr many, many dec- 
ides we have followed Ja|ifl 4 u-c p^lLeetis in 
<rUr low?, and rtUr busing - .nad cmr ctUtun 
"'Yet r imJ^l> Wv have no true nationality. Wu 
are not treated a- japantfMr citizens wt irt 
not t ' citizens „ nor is there suth a thing m 
kyukyottn ritizvn^fatp. Motm* wants to bethv 
m.Lii wt.t limn 4 euimEn- Mi -4 us uur prnph 1 
think uf theniidvci. a- Japane^, and c ]> j±e. 
i- whjr the jppeai of reversion is ^5 s-ti'ang." 
4 'hnlsyo Yiira. she pn^sem ChieJ Lsecutive,. 
itoolhcr facet for me The stocky „ 
smiling former schuciliencher Vrtrnpiii^rn - I on 
u pUitfutjn of ’‘imniudiiiir ami unconditional 

“Sft: “n >Lsfl(iwa, HajLitkilil ni Jiijj.uo_ M hv Ej tbvirl tl. 
i^uEKaa, Natural <ji£QOjrfjtiuit H f ktybci l r *iV 


425 


n-vcrhitTfT in a November IMS dflciitm — cIk iir.-i w .\rk in 
history R> iLkyuai'i s couEd chouse their lender by direct vote* 
“We an? like n man who lends money iind the debt* ir keeps 
I in jnil-ing ln|i 4 > him bat k." Mr. Yura -.ud 1 As last pniumt e 
wejir^ thin, and the si me comes when prijini^-Kj- must he kept, 
We ihink we have wdled for risversiusi limi| 0m0L 
i'.)f course we realize there are problems. Perhaps ail can- 
not he solved averniiftiL Bui we must have n skirt W e miust 
h i ve b plan for the transit ton and for developing industry, 
agriculture, and tourism. We do mil want to depend 

on the |J S bases a& n prop foi that economy/* 

Statistics tell how important the U. S. presence Is So Ryu- 
kyu.in prosperity. Overall L'nitsrfi Slates uxintod ins res its the 
Ryukyu, ili reel ami indirect, total more than a quarter of a 
I libs fill d«i]liir> a year, 

Thiii gtnrnmiA In fllmusl Mi percent of thr national 
product- it pves Ryukyu on.% an average per capita income 
uf 65 SU -second onl> to japan in all the Far East Total 
pullout of L 5 forties, i m medi at r or gradual would find the 
revjurccs-imurliijid iun I put Tu rlrate n'ptaff -rirnt n i \ rntir 
"The rc^oufi r:- we have/' Mt .YLlu-llu ka aku told me, 
"i dii’ii 1 1 - it support our present population Of jusl under ,t 
million people, we tvstimutr 4Q0 T tHJ0 would have so leave " 

I posed questions about re veraioji lo dozens of Ryukyuans 
□n a trsp through the bland chain All favored restoraimii 
io Jupnnrsf rule Hut most triced *qme concern about what 
it wuiiild mt* an i-amumkalh Perhaps Kei^gii Sh imu.fi F my 
auhto Bnd interpreter, summed \t up nium numnah 
"I think." lie said with ut infectious Errin, 'we Okinawans 
are Japanese at heart and American at pockelfanok/ 1 

Metropolis Hires 1 rom Wjiriime lUiin 

The battle fnr Okinawa left 94 percent of the bland's 
building r | tiii rnyed, its ini hi h in mined, it- MpiufcJi Lire dev- 
astated- Hut fly its lenf£th today, ps I did, and you survey 
an a i naan li change.* 

Naha* ihr captUdp a ^mail city leveled m the war, now b a 
sprawling tnetrupnlb of 2M4,$XiO i parses with build- 

m^>. under construction poking l heir steel -krtoton- into the 
sky. The onetime farming village oi hiom nmv Him a ski [Nata- 
tion ■ '! i.«7 r i 'Di j t itn downtown thn ihs with the sound and neon 
nl bright jsjMits calm r i l: Lu t 1 . S. stnitemm Trim housing 
developments stand near Toguchi Beach, where GIV ftrat 
kindl'd. I *n: 1 1 ges work ove rtime turning sea 1 1 1 ato m i nto new 
kind arms ml tin- imwdad little island. fr7 miles temp buE in 
places o nl y 2 miles widr 

i4 See that buju li of buildinps over there ?” queried Al 
UeranoJF. my fliehl comparsiun and un official of the l : S. 
C'ivfl Admiuistmtion yf ihc Ryukyu > ^Tbid/s die Univtrsii^ 
nl the kw.k-.u-. It ^tiuids on the site os l he old ^Eiun C astle + 

t r* 

whici: the Japanese u-ei:l in? headquarters in their main line 
of defense lldfig the Shurt hills 

“'That bulldozer uash uf a nt w Okinawan cemetery sits 
atop Hacksaw Ridev T h ose fhaSiiiiCd rtKifs with the TV 
antennas clrnib of t nmcal Hill Acid ahead, at the 

y ml hern np ol thi" Ltland + you can see Suicide ill IT” 

M! Okin^w4i, 1 1 «r liilii.rn! StrtrljjE[/ L bj' Hii£hi A. DilHti Hitlti-ffiT. Na.» 
TTrwAi. ii > j .hj u.v I'hJ V Ft'lmu?v 3 1 ' 7 

4 2 b 






P II.WTDSI 1 ! Jtti QNVAISSuVJSCF. 

pliinra with cameras but n-n jpns — prftfdl ia 
KldffVf €fi itrttlc from the t*niierS SlJitc-. f 1 1 \' rrt 
Nins. In Lhr harbor of NiiJLii, Ukiiuwk '? Ciipilil 


aWUnvi., 4 freiK^JUT >li>Lr.> be±hk- .l vri*tl In i.ibWi | 

with Uhl ts. Lrui lorjr, tanker* 

for ^ouilicisT .Vim Tru I 5 , ha* invented num* 

ttLm ii bjJEiun •JdUt - tn Okinawan 












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nj 

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filling imrn nibble, Nttbii iiaj 
rh'teed the wan ciC W^rh I W-tf 11 
The Hwec munda ha! He for 'EJb- 
TiaWi ciuhneJ the itt J2!J»>I 

VjftrriCliP arul lltit'OOU japAnttt 
nisei OltinnU'nn m tmen ftTirl 
nvifr tUm 75.S1CHI riviiii&iu-. Suw 
NiituL buJut wi\ H U J priijilr. 

Tin* - kum«iji KLvtrf.ui' through 

thr raty Imjfp in hireumUlni fsHStl 

,i | iS\ 'acjl.i I hsrhiry The Ryukyu 
*m fcflftiilttlure occupies fhr vnns- 
p]ci iti ran hi t'eiifcr The islands 
ihnvc uirhk.ved sank sdf-coi'Ern- 
menl, hui u V ^ \mr. general 
vervi'i. in l-Et^h CdWl^iQtitir 

Micidimt Uit- sen f<>r 

iX0i)d catch?*-* milkier) j’lriiys (hlF 
ins* n flHhrnnm'H sainiiiicffe?rtiv,il 
lit ItuttsMi 



Love caf hreuilv m * dty where 1 ftswerir^ pe lew lemi- 
NnllH nsid^nl % in dev * imlr with phut k: bhnu ■ H i '< ! --I ■ 1 1 h I vh 1 1- 
iLti ii r:ii i-l, .(11 1 ml L rhi>iii [hrtWyh she fit.ii L I erin.lt. nun IftMMI 
ni Eltiiimwila live p 'llivuv-- iUIll vmiY'. , i--il ie.- 









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■ ^.1 *■! iiHVi-MiMlfi «.i| 1 ST* 


T -yf ne athwart T^plitWii] Aliev. ihr R -, n u 

flJtbi(p(kiP lEfctchs'-H 715 jupleti hr tween T.iu.iji 
and Tttits^ii htitidrr - rmjiife an bivcriigi: iA >even 
lentptst? J year, when wind- *fjm#dtrnc* rpiii Ii 
i k'lixitieg uf T f #0 mllrs an hour About half of the 
S 4 ^ Lslandh art" Uninhabited. Unit Hmti 70 in-ru-iic 

if thl (Hq'itllliLkili h\m' m < JktiuiU'a., whu imi.'jn- 
thns the .main laLand rrni*! provide living frpuee for 
‘ii .jvnrasr nf 3 , 7 uu perHim vut H^Udfe mik s 


I'hc tiames ring in historic i^i riir h.dlJe 
lhe\ evoke Ulr intfelfhlc heroic m lliat enn- 
qiiLT^ kry ennmein'^. and fhr UJtrk trn^K oi 
hrti*hU ■'Vhcne — n\ the erjii — j^n 

Jupone^r gLUierni- conuntl I un:l toftt-kiri nriri i± 
s^ruiip M cMilboy-solfiiitn penarteti iliem- 
Sflvr.^ t.i> i Ic^lI Ii. 

Onr helicopter Cttmed norlh Wi whirred 
over wiM ofpEtnses i h:it the I S. Marine 
C<ar|i!^ Uses hr i nnglc tt airfare Traininfi, skit 
Lertid aliiivr -i retelling riifitvftyb tif gjant 
tCditena Air h^rtre Bel^ pagi! 42_‘L fipfitti 
atTOss row ii fnm roii nt mam mot Ii Arm> 
wurtlwHises at MaeijimLtci Fur * H- i i u wn bria 
lies ws li military l iUidei and supply hast 

( Outbreak ruT the Korean war isomer! thv 
E^Uim I fmm a Mimiwieiit inmdmajrjr 

lortrr^s. Vlrl Nwm Jnlenslfied the griwvllj 
BOpiOCHJ AmeriiLLJi ■icreicrrtiim .mil rfvllijm< 
now swdj the Khtnd's pqpoloJio n ; roatls and 
building Anri pnf*Salbttii>rp iherc n 

V S in vestment ot m a re t hmi n bf I lion dol bm 

Uiiiinl Leader; Ilurii>-hptted t 

LsLind auto lii rtvn- pi. h - bailylloo Obi- 
miWii 35 the mu Krnt«m uf I lie PacMk 1 And 
with reii^in 3 1 ho5 hut a quitik jet Higju from 
swh I'ivotal rtnii-F-. as Tokyo* Stoul, Maui i 
iinri nnimlatid Ckiiia. 

a Tto UtiLled Stale prc^jitf here him ii 

stafollbine on ihc jjeace and security q| 

this pari of the world, 1 Lt. lien James B 
Lampert explained to me He vi'ears rrnilii- 
lutb ii ■■ F-ligh t rimmL^sioHer of the Ry : .ukyu 
ftlonds 1 * 10110 liinfirnc general at thi fc t S 
Army units uji f'>kinaW4i, -itul n'pnr^cntjiiive 
Mu re ftf ihc Lonumindmi m I'liief nr .lII U S 
fnret^ m the ("urific 

\ lining L' S ha:‘i> on i )Unuwn 15 vital, 
hut that riottstiY mean wt- caret keep rdir 
promise to ri-lurn ihe Ryukyus tn Japane^ 
adtn in btrut ion." thu acneraJ - ml 

■ I'tir Government. ''s i Ifiir pul o bio S.u> Elu 
w n m mi ll and son m I uroiind wo r k ft ><r u y l’ niLf itl 
reversion with u miojmiim of stripy Whtir 
die Okinawan -lrnctute hm becoine rendy* — 
laws repulaiiiiii education uPifl the juiilciary^ 
for eK;mi pie — ail ill only bus bee 1 1 t r,.i ei jtforiv ■ l 
to the Ititfrl tuvernmenl. Mureoverjn t In- .ireii 
oi 5elf^v«cnm«nLdlrvci election of r he Chief 
Executive began Iasi >'ear 

StiJI. rm my prEdilem.- remain Shtriing thv 
moneLiry spiem from l > turrcncy Eo ju- 
piin Y ^o no ont loses or profits qft ihe hange 
ii but oi U 1 examplt '' 

K^ikyuEms oil ihe battle ih%i leveled 
Okmuwu ' thr typhooa of steel " They know 
iibmit lempr-Ls ur-thwid, i-t Ihr Ryukyu^ 


fcHTIlikilJIL' I a I J 1 ■ L JJdFIH - In 1 !]• 

wcttft cfl-mcr IKS.5 ^ivifiiiwn *kit 
in a the Bailie of Qktnflwii iri tt'urld 
Wiu II ftideSfetf by n Ujutokt Ifcqrti 

llic- LiUits, thr in ilia! i [.LdcEa Jiijv 

antie- plane rmrmiivlY rn£=At> ihe 

rkrk betor eriishlim lull* lilt 
A Inter suicide riuil itiinipd 
Srito£am{m bcynnii repair 

The K.LLm lJi iaji-c — ""divine ivmd" — 
wit* fl '-pen id attack ffniUJi of dir 
.Fiiiw.tit-ft Niivjl \\r l-'iirft- ibdiirl 

rneTnlwfr*hip requiretiieiLl wo* a will* 
iriRnw 1 1 » chi r > i p ihr eni|i*TUr 

S hi' 1 1 - * h □ ttoj'i'd in u III! 1 1 r l my I l j 

$himn iraimev a afoiiuriusrlt tc a 

LiUlled Wilt LCPf fUIrpllIKlcnl Hr'ttf 
Frnir IHIl 1 , whn npportird Lliu fniiih 
imri triumphs of the onllrtHiy ill Ln 
Wrirld W n.t I K win killed durinc rh.e 
firrcp iinky tKiliJt I nr totllrol of 
thr idatpri - vind airfield The jifeqiip 
mtds 'V\l 1lifc> .spot ih * 77th InKm 
irv PiviikKt 1 1 Hat .i buddy, Ernie 

I Me, 1“ April 1*745 



i L Mmi iii^* i *n| e 2*i #a— ■« ■ t * ■ ml Fi-» ■ \ *■ -i * 


43 ! 





with ii du.dt jijuJ u d • -37i .az: I i rirv i ■■- l ■: - 1 1 i neappli* 
rit-.'ii s!ji tiJLtPr ni L' Esmi l-.imn-r- - 1 ; i r.i •- ijff plurM, ^ | . i i I ■ 
buitiv Mihr- mi -| i r u e uLji lli>i>mirk|< iiimI prirfpngliif lum'tiM-mig 
Firji^HiTi Thiiv linri si mnn - difficult ron trial ifii- wild pigs 
that ftud Lhcif iidilv. 1 >nf icipirnii >u ■ ^rmv.u • ij:iirts:nr. - ■ r. I 
our fermenter! mi*h Lit inuhs. next mu-mmc lie i^itki up ihr 
insert, ittfliriiiLf-iS JwirlitF- Iot lujldii'rin^. 

TjiIoo* (if nit rrr - 1 1 1 . t .r iL;.Mir fruin I l n!i 

ed. conveyor belt • ■ ii .i refinery .u Er^rnjn J.ipan buyf mnsi oi 

! i si ■ R.ykys- -itkiax trnl pinr.spph ■ rnjr m -ul I 1 1 rn: i!--. 

;mp] 1 ijjsJ v'far contributed $4 J.OUO.DjKJ Ln diet In die inland-. 



sit m ''Tvfibonn Mlc\ — si watery ir.uk of 
storm:- that are -|ijiu iu-i| in i In- western I "iieitU 
,inri ■! wee f 1 Into jrd the A.sinn m. unbind. 

"July through October 5-* i h tr btisFicr^l typbwti 
senaiuu. " MiEsHUikr ttoku/m I hen session thief 
ol the Rvukyii Wejilher Bureim. mtr| me. J An 
average of ^ewn a year race through Ehe 
KyiikyUh i hw or iwo hit * >kinawa " 

J Wondered it ' tkimiu lIhLil! ilrvrjcjfi 
i v. "| ihi ilh-i nerves." My Friend Fuji Sugfittotu 
■■upplied tile jriHWL'F ,i- in- :srul \ drove fmm 
Nil ho to Ehe thriving fifthinv rointiuixiiiy of 
Unman near ( ikincm-n's southern tip- ^Ste 
that i LkPH" i*Lfi i I tboM“ rice fieidl and 

iwttt [fthiUn piiditi? We can tat plenty of 
wider in Hii< country And in t lie 1 dry reason 
when the uovirmmunl announces Lhat there 
may have to lie water i-arsoning, ymi'lj hear 
people say: "Well, we need a typh eon " 

4.12 


"Of coulee, we Juipi upily tor I Into imi\* — 
"ladies of tiki; Pacific/ We call them.” 

Fuji and I went in (Ionian m - lie a 
tup of win. Tin- tradition- rich town irtupt^ U 
as part of its harv est festival. Ln curly summer 
thir aymmunit; htAth .in equally exciting nice 
between fidmut boat- litimng mlon Lilly 
paint erf prows 'Both events >ient fmm ritr* 
of old — putitumn to i hi 1 uods fiirampk 1 dop* 
j.tui L ,rtche!- 

H We hiiVL ulonp history uf stnlarinu I il j l l j .' 
May or K i/.o Isliiki to Ed me Fishermen used 
to £0 a$ far as Taiwan find even the Philip- 
pine in hu^t- ramies pmjrtllcd hy oars Thr 
ini'n Were ,u for long stmrhet ulwny^ in 
dartper of never enntina l^n- k. >o wfvr* look 
CKre of ihc family fitionni and ran things 
ai hi I me I 'rn[i n v often v> recorded m 
the fe's name t and iilu-^mI down i tinmirti 




jfc i r™ 

1 . 

tlSfi 

W/JPffe? 7 

JD Jf J 



i Iiliel'IiI rri? and not son? 1 - The portion of w nnr- 

en ben- vva> Unusual in tilt' * Oriental world. 

‘itoQItttl women KOI Hi be knmvpi .1-. Ii.irrl 
worker:- .iniL billed MiDpr^ — -to $uy tioiM 
inpi of iIll-it Iwaiitv," the mayor udfkil. '"Even 
inday on Okinawa there is u saying; "If vnu 
wanl a good wife, rti nr r > from I Toman . 1 " 
Down ill the town'? watcrfrnnl i talked to 
.i knot of fishermen In thonged nutitlnls and 
■ i.ii:- m 1 1. tnL- iht"- 1 1 .h 1 ! Lq hdp Tani 

lauiiynsM tinker with the iitvdinl engine in 
his csLDocHkc tubatti 

He 1 1 1 re \\ f ift * ! \\ ;tr 1 1 tl]i j ti ±\ 1 ti mu? i s t □ med 
their catch*:. oyer Lli rhi'ir wivt;*, who 1 nrddted 
them mini In 1 Li -i k ii^ hoit-c in tho vlllititW the 
iVLAilhiT-lputhrtrd old ^cramun told rite. "Now 
Wf hike Ihtm to lilt; fbhtmien 1 ^ cwpetiiliw 
at 1 hi- ma r k-L*r .and f mm i here 1 he ■. . im ■■■ 1 1 1 [>| ri 
to Naha ur other cities 


“ \mJ Itcimiin women we kctt t c 1 y la*y. N 3 ie 
^rirsned from beti-ealh his -conical sliaw hut 

1 hiiu-’h I r, 1 w) l. 1 r- jiI.lv l growing riJtip Ih*- 
j i lliij feJif/nirn still i*o out in thtstr aiih^aiis— 
urn- man to a bout but 1 raveling in groups 
They dtjuurt before daybreak n « I I ■ ■. Llu 
jii'ternnmi art back with their netted catches 
(fiagf 44F l f asked if though H . l>"U lieing 

C.WIghl • l I -l';j hi ji t\ph(Min -mi L'riicrl 'he els 

"Wt l an till bv the look, uf the waves when 
a storm is to mi nit! Bub” he added dyl 
also flsb'U 1.1 1 1 tu L weMher forecast on the radio 
die 1 ti “lit before/’ 

I couldn’t help rcfltn.lsnjs how thin lw e 
I anged In aland whowr seaine 10 traders wnn 
renown and brought ,1 golden .Lp; 10 tin Ryu- 
kyu? b the 15 th and ltilh centuries. 

The origin of the Ryu k yuan people is ob- 
scure th mjth many scholars believe that tfu 


t ! -s 


\ationaJ GWgraphk, ScpU'nil ut 19 G r J 


i>J J.11 d^r? h in re bcttr- migrated r rom swlbem 
Jap. in Fur renturi*.' ibeir bland kingdom 
w m I * i iked lb Chi na by aDey i : l n ce and ci It u ml 
heritage Evi'ti after j iipune^e w uirluni:- i -Lih- 
I blu'd iU'Li y in and broLnrbl an end to 

the golden :n T c r Ry uk yuan kings- seat tribute 
m Chine a* vassal* -erf that court 
They paid iribute lo Japan, too, and th> n 

palace Hi Shari bud separate ChiiK'se ami 
jji| luncse wingt in limist: cnu-sarie$ who vumr 
«iFidiplomaii,t and commercM trip- Not until 
W -9 did Tdkyirt mtipetor depose the last 
Shun king god nuorpnfnie the ari bipthi^p 
.is -i prefecture nt japan 

Hbtoi v h^i.- srvrrat scon ^EK-llinjpi of thu 
Ryukyu name. h wn> h Ll*w Chew" whets 
C dmznixlnre Matthew C. TVrrj inok hfe liLnfc- 
htfllrd C S ships there i n 1S8.* on the historic 
vuyauf* Dun opened japan to contact with the 
West* r 1 1 Work l I n te rf win tlons of ( ' h r n r * e 
character* for the archipelago^ fin me iMrlud-r 
-tudi terms 4* m hui mpv H1 urn] "pcjirfstnl ball. 11 
L I Li- wo 1 d ( lksiiiuvji It-L'lls lL-ms f r uni J Lpane 
fur "Tope in l he ocean " 

l ei-ttMil t L'.Liun:' -. Nlnn^ti^ui l ug of Wjir 

Drumbeat and thehtgMwrtriKpf ha n jot ike 
smnlMrns dashed such muring* from my mind 
— Lim.l hrouL'Iu Ehe firiicrmcn and me to lio- 
iikli/s rmiMi street for the fcsttvul j^inulc 
In trariil i"ii.il n^iunm. murthing groups 

perform cd fr.lk dimres IhetuEt- ihr tgvfewinut 
-I a tv [ \\ f v ->] we 1 i e 1 w a 1 cbe 1 1 e ft l ranccd \1 1 
over Okinawa the people, though tlse> count 
thefnsdVes Japanese, t Like tremendous pride 
today rti rlieir Kyukyiian heritage 

Participimts range I ironi rouged fclnfler- 
■iarEners In a Wrinkled gram I mother wtth 
tattooed knuckles The Utter right i* rare in 
1 Pkinawa but nan l; ni orh ill 1 Jkiruuv.iu 
riri- ftad Elicit hands tiiito'CHtfd. inv inti-rpteier- 
uuirlc h^iad had [old me 

"The marks were put ors with needle > and 
toil i mi dye/' he sitd 'Vnu .ntild tel I which 
district 4 unmtrtn e;if tit from I a- 4 iythbfd -an 
her hand- Other designs stood lor tiling*. IeLl 1 
a heal ihful life, or vinue^ like being a etdOcI 
rook, of nr HtJCli 

"'When Okinnw.i bfi iiiEif a JajianeiHr pri- 
feettire 1 hi prattUr w a-. Inmnerl. hul in « u L -- 
of-thc-way filacer it continued nwhilf Sa yuu 
-till see older wuipt-E] with markeij hamh " 


By the ;paradf ^ end the Sine afternoon $un 
splinted golden a'rrun [.lie ri« t straw of the 
mi ' ri si mu * ro | u; n^efl in Ihc I « wi h f fri — I lit- 
tug of war hlghJighung tHr* fefrtivlriir^ Since 
morning the f^bpe had Inin along the curb — “its 
tWD Miuking secti uni, each nearly a huiiflrrd 
yards long ami laparin# Irom four feet thick 
at the liifNpeil head to :i lew mk bets ie the Lai I 
"< bir section mpreNtrifili I lie nialt j ttttd iht 
Eitber tftrijVmiiJf jirmuii-h- oS f-r r I ala c 

L'shijo CchaiLi Lull! mi Hi jmJ Eth Osliim 
w l b p.' tltr fukto iindw — 1 i E cr: el Sy , h Vkc c h itlr- 
mcn"— of the 1 Ui^ T of war "When ihtf Inops 
Urc .mirn-ri. I hr puhrnij -Sari-, and tlie ream 
ilud win*- mrti^ lie i.ier luck in t he hare j e*1 for 
tile hn\i of the Euwn ii rcjjflEsenb M 

WSspi or »lrbw had been plaited Into 
strands im Ins tbki: and three f«t long: 
these sn turn were twined and bminrt lngtthnr 
in Iprm the big ro]n- Intn c-nch section went 
eigJu tons of slrau 

,Y urea l cr> - from the otiwd rignaled that 
^wiuLli rig learn member^ hod ot Ittsi dtagned 
the tw;^cd l 1 • 1 "■ cmf&iD&ethgr, and j dined atRI 
locked them with m sturdy i>oie. Then pande- 
r-.iTii'.rrn erupt '-f l Spectaturs ! naiTTK p.irraci 
punt- All wbn cmtlrl i'imi ti I uu id hold cm llie 
rope leaped in Eo tug and gruni People wV< 
t:iuildn r E mu:h the njpc ptdled on others who 
could. Leaders' atlempH 1 m coordinate ihe 
h;icks went unheeded 
Blj< iti ^ mi nut v? .md . seconds it was 
liver In tin huig heavi-s Mr Os Kirns warn 
plas^nob drci^ed the 3o tcm> y( r^jtr .wd 
iu cnnifmtiyinpjf people the nece^.-ary six yards 
tut victory rhrn jubilani leadefs carried the 
pi He and * 1 rand? fajicked irom the rope down 
in ilii- *<a — inking them imn the waves to 
carry harvest prayers r i • the gilds 

the Spelling Murks KIhejeE ^ \ ^i-h. 

[■’rom Xahn. set in the rolling hill> o! the 
stmi h. In mountain -cradled Sa\kk when the 
Mritolui fVmnstrla juts like ,1 thumb E'rom the 
mngied norlbem surE oi Ukijisiwa, HrghWu) 

I -ieTiu- uaffi- jam- ;iy Lruslmim: ,?-■ ;ha T'v^ 
Seen Hiut route. ,l paved ruad along Lhu 
id;ind\ w ! ^>i eott-Lis Okinaw. I'ifi lifeline. And 
]E spothghtv the ^pml with which Okimiwii 
has been jerked into the Kith I'entury. 

*Scr M The 1 rtHket' OiHin^'cl juij mu" 3j> 

Frfiimaitii Kiihu. S.mnh’AL ti&KfkAiuic. JuH 1 I 


Hint-sitp ‘lij-itgt?r, a i liJi S nuE .1 rIhEJ. i-tB U b ii nn ,111 mipn*. ball firld )n 

iliMVhtnwo Naliii OkituiwiLiff -hiirt' a lmw fit Iwiwbptll wit 3 i the Jupnii^e, k> whom l]ir> 
are rlosfh Allied rtiltumJIv .ind family. «mniiniH rnuiitfB mh f - - k 





4 At> 


VlnEmrud imih\ WiivtM-WiJ ITUK*) iri > tfciimw.lh U .niit- hi- i attqdiki .ii!? ;rri 1 m .1 ni >r i ■ 

1 1 -i 1 1 1 - 1 - ■ On *ii i lii L nitirc mruti* Ryukyu Ji-hi-rim"n hereditary iM.-r.-hJp 





df N>h?lil£ ar-OLiiiiih ami In i[t> i taftftig frequently an.^. ri- i tacftl p^&Vtfb JltioK 

■ 1 tikeIiU- iihutit a woman is irmrnr.ttY H hut Iniublt xhwi\ n failing puultd 1-1 " 










I k- lore Wort ■ ] \\ a r 13 hi ■ ■ -l 1 - r ! r a u, n r i i, rt s 
traveled; the Island^ few Jf»ud> Today the 
numkiL-j liJ motor vehicle* wp? lUi-KUOO und 
climbs by Ul'G a monfh Not surjMnBlnidyi 
1 1 1 r io^tg^growing h usings on r.he upland 2* 
auto mob e 1 e rcp.ii ri n m 

t>crl-<ar krts dot HEghwuy i. alnn" uiil. 

beamy \mUn s Lillurinu i^LabSjshments, -uii- 
venir dure*, dairy hnrs r restaurants, pawn 
shups. rind business?*- where yuu can nM 
practically ami lung Ironi a kitchen sjiocm 
to ,i Is vine mom fu 3 E itf furniture 

Japarjew - 1 u i i - have I.rujidatiorv- m English 
to Eittrjid American customers. The result*; 
can be ddkhtiul A hardwim store out K.l- 
denn carries the diTbrntsoii "Unit Sell Store, 

A crufts man a i N'iiha prndauns 'Jnwrly 
Make & Fiji " ^n- t a furniture shop ut Oy*im 
■wlvrrti M For Urit- 4 ^ But ni]. favorite: 
have tn Ut- the ptorArd reading * \u«to Ot- 
hler^" for “dealers " and the highway sign 
warning “F'katy Curves At FiVnverd." 

Brute Strength Oerijes t b ■'■ tVirnwr 

J hr Hy-mtu Y\ raunht my *ye when 
Kdsei and f went lo a natural 403 phi theater 
off Hiahwm 1 t" -Li an Okinawan bullligh l 
Here ii l> not man against: bud, but npe hull 
agams! another 1 p:i ■-k , -..k I ei jm r ■ 
view ni[il:muUon from Ryuh&n VLimagiuhh 
■■i'hftse 1 ] lack and -while animal w.ii* ^rtlfng a 
ttiftciuivn with nf ura-- in the shade of 

.in old parachute tied tu same trees 
I asked wtliu mu dr til * Etntitmk hglit- 
lL lt'^ just iheii nalure to fhzbE when ihey 
set Limthur bull/* hr said rt Tinsy I nek horn* 
and | nt - L 1 lulil! one gek. tired and gives llj - '. 

Trafnimp tl&Uiilly buskins w In n I hey'ro l wo 
y cari dUl E lundlei^ w .'3 Ik them in wet sand to 
strengthen leg imi^drs, and make them push 
against a truck tirii- lied tn a tire, or Eigatmt ix 
cliff, la make their neck* strong 11 

Just Ehea j 1 handler took the blnek-nntJ- 
w bite's m 1 sc rope 1111 le ; ol tiim eh the arena., a 
drtle uf leveled ^iLtrl i 1 in .1 howl M small hills, 
^pn'minrs, mostly mm, sal. on the hijrh icriiss 
of Ehr ■ ir |ien lu-d on the gray stone of 

turnip built into Lhr hi! bides 

Vati see family all uver iku 1 Rvu- 

kMiH." Kri*ei said- ".Soaiu- are just caves- with 
wjilted-up fronu. Others are 3 skc pomled-mot 
houses, nr have a roundeil skllfje that cives 
them the name ’turtle bank' loiubr- 

^Funeml cwtOtm urr ch^inaing, Imi it u^d 
in be f-itLihe- -pent mure on ihdr lombs ihim 
the], list! on iln homes they 3 i veil in ti :t boy 
,a.-.kril a jjitI 10 ^.1 m lu^Uutiily inmli with him, 
it w ns considered a mam use proposal because 

43 ft 


rjf i hf suyitiR. -If >'i>u tv it ml \n know what 

kind Gi rtlativi^ tLiu're getting visit 1 i 

famtlv tomb.' " 

■ir 

A -hunt fro:n the ■ n md amund the bull 
nog hruunht my attention rn lilt* pat. where 
the hkick :md white hull had (aruzied with .1 
wiry whm# dnrmmfmhide turtui l ebony 
fumi sti L'iik- tit a wept Sanctlrfs — f>nr- tu rjiuh 
Lmimcil 'tULiszed on no.?e ropjes. ^tumpEnp Lhc 

earth with b Are feet and shouting 

j'i iy a i a 61 111 e e'j i ' 'it rnsze me nl . 

“The word dgtso'i mtiin anjlhing Wow* 
li^pk at thutT Kei?,ei eXjt^abbtd *‘1* the eiima- 
mcm buN dipped ,i horn F'niv Jtnd, hooking 

Wb --11I- ilrrw 1 1 1 (Mid from tiu L hide nl hU 

■ ■ 1 1 . .H. • ri l: : 1 1 . Hurrj^ cu aimed deuiEi and l he pu^ti 
ing mulch wni renewed. 3i isn 1 often 11 bull 
jotLs injured or kilted," 3\<-uei n j 4^yred tjie. 




I 

1 




1 ^ 







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r fi 

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H|. ‘ t S 

_ JHLa * 




fl l JSbi wj 

i .* n| ■ 



1 1 f j yv 

UP an j « 

W V™ i! 



IjJn . ** r.wi^ 

yDfc/ ‘ f JMp ■ 




Af t 1 * * ■B'JH 

JP J*" ► „ , 

Hr 1 % a 

IP fS- ’ ] 


[ i ■ l ii re u vk k eaM , [ s nrS Ok tn:i 
wan itji'i iiiinii - Limtbtnr ktih Lai 
ah^- Vi ft. i fNJtt i The l nilcd 

Stair* mlUun iM.iWi*hnitfTH em- 
jjfclt * rfjim; -JfhlJDCl iulciliilL’f^ 


Went itmrfis ibotif E^si and 

Vic# ven-a — a* uif-rluEi Gfj Kset 

4irrpaJlttoli with < Ueinnwan ^;arU 

■ l NT. l L . i ljii-i i !li_l C\i5llr \\w\: XiihiL 

The mined fortress dale? from ihr 
iltlt-n .ii' ■■ >»E thr K^ukvi.fc> in Hit 
I Sail i rniiiTT. when its kafiitinic 
irnrh'i the Far Ejb-si 




ll * ■ 

'I ‘# 44 iiu 

• % "T ^ v-ltM 

K r * i 

Irti jji ~ x 



i __ 1 ■ f v,y 

fly * ■ v d 

tftdBk 7 .^,' , 1 

■gfc* « JV . 

Bp ■ 

-^W»cg 7 .i ? , ’/L ■ J 

, J J. .O^. y 








f 1 JD 











Okinaw i, the HutuI Without a £'uunir> 


441 


h liters i in 1 ikmitwii, hut E had a 
■ i h’iu mWMiy changed hands arming t I m: 
Lalnr- after ihi^ rtrinxmiHii bull, 1 hoi tiih 
pfii kinii hu ndvefsar-. with mote In^xki, mjJ- 
denh brrj>ke oitd ran. In triumph, Mr Yama 
nucbi r > bluck-itnrf-’W h ite was led around Lin.- 
ring. biif li draped -with burning hmm tied 

ffitju i i ii 1 1 1 ik lt r li i f 3 - tci v-,ed from tint rrowd_ 

FlwL to t'urpffhr Hi mi if I tip 

\ fell mile- tmrtitra-L of Oyarmi. Highway 
] reaches the blind's n Arrow w abl Thru 

villages and lurm* I me more scAtiered. 

1 i-r alt Jm-u^h tWO-tINte of Okinawa’? 1 a r i ■ I 
runs lies above 1 hi- dividing litic* <*irf> a 
h i>i its ppipte live then 1 
The rotid wind- quiet K i JhIIf, ulonu 

placid buy? and limdits and past such scenic 

spots 35 TodomkJ waterfall ami Me iflifl M& — 

3lle tL H If KM 1 so ftSUHed IttCltUS* li 

Shuii king declared lb expanse of hate -h] tided 
nahmil Law n could seal lO.CJCX j jpppitf Finally 
H%httmy 1 ►. utue- it* Sam, gor (feciu. with 
cherry blussonijt in springtime and s cent uf 
a ptnpofcr n i u n r h r 1 1 

"The porpiases come intn Vago Hay in 
February ^ir March, and even fomttimipj m 
April .t tH mi official told mi 

4 Actually they re dot [jorpohes an* 

what we ml I blacklist!, n kind 

cif -mall whale Hui JKimelimes a few pyrr- 
|mi?en get casight, and the cveni ha* comv n- 
be tiuiWii a* the parpoisv rvrimdtjp 

"People who tithe iMirt in ihc capture ami 
kiElintt idcI -i -b. i re ivf she meal \{\ >li li. mik" 
The roundup dales from dden times, but 
only - mce Th6n have catches Titer mllk-d 


Tfhiilmcttrittl roiiy On ■ kakLL.-;n iiirilhd 

with SruffEi. rhirinx," X:dia'^ m-h (nmf 
do n thriving business with the $&OQd V S. 
wrvii’eHirti and dvitfuH Living m Ok inn w a. 

T > -ni'nilLnii irsinrhi'- |hr i-Tumj Im. H3frte 

annual I v Largely b^iiig erf 

l.l c ibllllJ jhHua. jjrr-caplftl itittitlir ha-, J:s --tria 
t*> sSSi'i lL yt-iir — hich bj Ilian ^faudard?- 
\tn^j i^lnrider? lavnr hut 

main n-.il ij;e 1 ■* wiLhdmw j ^L i'Hdd hriiip 

- ■ i^ni imsi i I il l 1 1 1 1 1 r i i a 

ll'Tiiti' sisukr b« t ivt n-d i.l. t tL !nl h.i'j I .L~ 

1 1-.: ill ™ i -ice 1 1 i i nmlc ol' tli^lfcWiO I Mu li : 
ptiVcd fi'ud rutiFilne; ihr- ir 4 H^fh of t ^atiiLWw 
'‘At j|a' » end, 1 ■‘.w'* elir aiuhur, H l d •• wear 
every tm? nf the LsliiiidV lOOktJQM rii»loJ i i"v* 
hai‘lc? xt. liin^rrl In Lhe tmJEr jjJn> " 


"Thi! record W"a? IS 9 in a single day, m 

i'ic 1 . hn:i r iiiL'?i iirrhp stones In the water to 

lured t schiiol inf- the lsa\ When Thu animalA 
reach tne shallow s, people ium|i m with n>tn^ 
Lihd liarpciorxs and kruv^ Tbti^t e;et cvdi- 
i n u 1‘ v i' even see n -i ra i l^c r.-, ! u li ri.d? 1 1 1 1 1 u ? s 
TIC-7.S suits - forgel themseh es ^tnd jump inUi 
1 1 iv Wfttvr tci lake pari ’ 

Out nf Nl \gti I iinik the winding gra.vtk^i 
* • null 0^441 the MsiImIjlj Penlniab 
sionv [{Huffier s-cni: its verdant liiJk; their 
PivkIuii:L cine erf the island's few natiiral re 
sciurces, Feeds ruck-cnisbiny anti cemenl 
plants l' i-i luimErng dnorfs ol fiusi I wuni. 
irhtil I i. .in a- r.i tbr ] k T E I fa-rl r4 Id^Ui tn \ml 

from There a on* c-a Say ferry took tth lo li 1 
Shimo. hvu milv» aWujl 



wp. *k Mmn| . 1 1 Mnr«P- fn *f» trw, 1 TTE 1 iC h KK 

■ f I. #rir. r* ■ ■ ■ : ^ *> * * 



flrnM fighPv In-jut in ,an 

OkfhLL w a a*it y] t L liK] fight. 

E len d-ti Lit! a n ej . fonrn l-rv (- 1 

mftlrhcv InM rruni fen 1 m 
thirty minutes TlwftohiUtUc 
nr mi n hi uJ I win^ 

Whitts hi* np^ahf nt Pr*“, 4 juI 
jivi-> U|j llitf fijfhL ILimlk’f- 
nii^v i' nicr i lif rmii tuii h i*fi 

■r U . i ■ •: . • IT 

HM-1 It^tdl liter- yrtilh.iti 

FiiUrtiml dn rkr:, tw’jm.H, 
rnrn b s<iyciikL\ pciwdrrfrl 
m 1 1 k . jHid = wntei i m' - t utr, 
conUSltuttsnui) 1 Wttjth I .tiU" 
putuwi*. Neat N'jkuttn^Likiii 
l V^tEf ,■ Siiniid^. dr»wi! 
irinliii rinjj^aii arena, nrirnf 
sin tin n k . 1 1 aw >1 




if. 1. 

Hi ■ 

H# . 



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■Ail 




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j™ 

- Jm i d 


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pC- iTTjyBI 





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js Ij 







if _ - 

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44 1 










•ill I'f --Hi H- m Ii" m IIP -P| |l I1VVI 


in the battle for Okinawa, pUliyiiUTofiftciJ 
Jc Sliimn vm% a Japanese airfield the icchc 
■ i-*! i irr.iif i- in'll ii J Thin .i tmichine gil ti 
hurst snuffed mil the lit u of war curre^ptifictagit 
Emit 1 Pyle* w bust tlisputcbes had mode his a 
iLihu^lmlil mme ami won tin- aeLmimiiciri ot 
newsmen Ji^e mr 

I .tlond -in I he island before a monument 
rwtcd tn hh nfcmcn ljMite Uh "At this 
spot the 7 Ttli [jtfanirv Divi-jun lost .j buddy, 
E mii; Pyk\ A pril 1945;'' its inscription 
rend And as 1 pondered its simple eloquence, 
an American family with a teen -aged nuniz 
ster ftppruji'hed The buy I nuked it moment, 
i:\rn asked, "’Mum. who WH=- Et mr l\]i: >lB 
Mine is a Fueling p^neratiorl, 1 realised With 


a ^fii n" k j suddenly felt uncomfortably it>l» j 
The rocky strata thai giyr lhr Mulobu 
Peninsula Its quarries al yield the kind of 
stun* used in maiurkwjld ruhlte* whose ruins 
cru- ■ iuth heights ns Nukijm \nd |]ir ruins 
provide hiding plates for halm. 

The haiiu (Trim? m lints jhiMrvindii } is tin: 
mart poisonous of ( >kiimwa ■* sruikes Its ven 
"m > .LU-i. i five or six deaths amurju 1 1 n* 
pervcjn?. hi lien mwh year 

I lea mud of a liahu ralehcr in a \ HUge mw 
\jkijin So I ’UUtfht him out, and r sitting 
JapMWvHtyle mo the itiKir of his fartft home. 
inltTv iewed Tsuneo Uchida. 

Tlw .1 7 -year-old Fftthpr erf six had been 
WOunded in the war ,l Jl left m> shulikUu 
stiff naui 1 couldiTt do f.irm work, in I htemm 
.1 habu catcher, he ,-lljcI. ’The health renter 
i lieu makes an MiUivenin pays me S3 -SO mr 
snakes at feast three feet long 11 

“What happens is the :-nak<- " ymi calvh am 
^mall?* ,r J asked 

U 1 turn them loose so thityll grow bigger ,! 

Odor Betrays die llubu c Hideaway 

Habu -catcher lj?hid% ImAmr in mcky 
mitcmppingj and in crevice of ylunc wall*, 
hunt* in mldtla) when the night- feeding 
snakes hole up. can tell hy the smell it a 
snake is in the hole n horrible smell, like 
c hicltfl^ said m\ faiterpreter 

"But chicken doesn’t have ,:i bad ndor, 1 
E I'- toted 

H Est use me" amt the reply. u l ttui inter- 
preted ll doesn’t smell like chicken It tntell? 
like chicken droppings.' 1 

The ndoriEtrno - st>ak:e. I uJ-« « learned, gnet 
■tit c i oi potent drink called liahu-sukl To pro- 
ducr si., the -nuke is pickled in 4 Jar nf >aki 
having a high alcoholic content. " Hub u - -aka 
vc rv g > muS rnr love power fur older man/' 
explained tm- utzi ticd pmprset'ir of an herb 
st^?^e orii I htidn Street in Naha Intrigued^ J 
bdiipht n Enur^unce vial for $.4,00. All \ can 
-jiy b tluii the Uede livt^j u] • I" the ^ mdl 
Kin, a town on the eastern stele of Lht* inland, 
h:S^ 1 1 1 r i-l I Irttm* hr ilid-m t-ML CtHtUrftS UgO, 
a nicuctfii was sacrificed each year lo a les- 
«niliir> dragon in a labyrinthine cave hung 
watlfc ^t+diiclttes Utter the cayc bfrcutrw ihc 
lot lilt- nf u Duddhbft temple bonumig a Smli- 
tuntu ry pii#t whtkw tnerflntious works 
hrnught nn .t\ jvoud in l\w people km.J.u i- 

impartmit as the ■aite of an annunl fe ti vul 
In m r i te nu Jti m nn w h o eno i uratic d his enur l try - 
am L h t" emigrate from Okinawa 

"Thai leader was Rvuro Tovitnta, a -rchool- 
lv.ii Iut, ■ i r i . ... ■ i ( I |; j - i . lultl 'hi' Mr I j I-!'- 


W 







National i Strpteittbtx ! JfiU 


■H> S 


now art ctiraii ir ni r In Rvukvu musurum an 
Shari, .vurvi v(*d l!id "typhoon of suniL" us h iti- 
:. W-tiNI .iirnitsy civ ilisuii hiding in Kin Cave 

“At the turn of ihts century* Ti.yanjji de- 
v doped .m interest in U. S. democracy I b.- 
JiiLUi-d frit ri'lnim 1 ’ in Lhivjupajir*r ■w*trm nl 
g(}¥i mment and in it. 1 : Ertutment of Okina* 
ttac? ,i- irfqrifir titUeiiS. lit Jc-fI ll, number of 
irndgrthts to new freedom in Ihiwjiii. bui 
came hack himself to champion the r^use he 
bGfg&il Many more Okinau cir^ followed this 
first group,” 

Tm.lm [iuopje ^tlI! I&ftVft ■CJktiinu'a, hri|H‘f| 

by covcrametit fmmtslkul ptiy Irons purLulicm 
» Mu-! nisi numb jji i to South America: 
mart 1 than .1 hundred tbu^d now live m 
countries there 

lrn|mrLiiiu iJfnrbnrf: bdnu made to rsjinnd 
•hr ^frhaikiiril of i hr isLutd- You 



HfiW tbit when util drive along voml fO&d* 
be? hie tin fields an Miyake i» talk 

m pimtapplt farmer* an h M um hi in die YYit- 
vsmit isronp Sugar and pin^ippl^ arir the 
Ryukyu-' clwl r sports, Japan boys .1 1 most 

1 b-r- rutir e 1 nidi 1 1i.1L ill In mv! I '. frUltdrli/rd I prices 

You irovel from tJkLiiaw.ii «u Vl&yjki. and 
Ishi^ttki by leisurely hikdl steamer or by hup- 

I 'jl"v uiter-tsknd airline Yuu leave Ijl- hind ,1 

place where reconsiruetkon aftei \YnrU Wir 

II - nwaretJ Western Italian nnin lriiftitirnT.il 
ways with ri'Milh ftui nl u ,m. - pleading And 
yiLj iinivc ,*i olT-tnick spots whi n 1 prewar 

Uktl ui W .1 1 1 .in h l 1 1 ■“ 1 1 j : 1 1 ; 1 m 1 1 fti n rjui lljtj 

L-hiiiitkL iv.ii-jui'. ’'sioiiL* walT in Jn| miiv -e 
Flu; island is aptly nnnic-d Bewilders amassed 
from clearing the land mrtnh in rows a round 
frirmhiuiM-s and fem e the viUaKr fflrerty-- 
rvideftt t of jl delight in sTiim: thcit prrmeiiLcs 
nil the k 1 . m kuh (ibitiHWiin ttnuiOOTv ha* been 

W ¥ 'V 

called sutne of the finest an the world 

u Onee you rnuld tell *he wealth of a mim 
by the kind of wall lie had." keisei explained. 

people iu >5 juini k| my atd rwks 
Those belie r oET izoukj nuhrd neater wnCts nl 
selected foe tiJ June The neb I Lad Walls with 
the finest of wiirkiMnubip and Mil* best \>\ 
m.ULTidi! brought frnm far away Now cmrli't 
block is making all fences look alike 

jin I its -Ij^t.Ui Lbrui-i ndglibor 
Jriiani'jLr .m- (ivo of dir main LmIjiiicI- ui'^aki- 

-il Ld 11 lit Gillitu 1..I1LM. Muir 4 1 D J Or hnw^ed, 

nijzgsai Inornate timherine arid caitUs Fm-isy 
prnjfrts stimiilale devi'lopmani. Uhi ^ak i, 1\ 
fmJthK hngy hwi much of the junta's popula- 
t$ah; agfiruJciire tblivo on lb. [owliinds 
I iurine World War II (host Intvl.mdy burr 
airfields from wliuh j.iiiaiitsvi 1 ! KmnJkj/e 
phases took ofF' their suicide nussians wreaked 
hjivor uu the V S, invasion deer ip;ige Hli 


I itlrrs dl ibe ttlnlPL'd fieEds an ruck 1 . 

! ■ - iv.= hi 1 1 m_i lytldgC In true I ci llii ir vilhige 
Thirty-tivf miltf* w-eat uf i tkihawo. ihe I — 
konj In rtiiflin years has w^ittLcsaed a grcaL 
r^Jtodiir lit ymin? adulb. lurfrl ti> N.Um 
I .ri^hl hgha- n ivl frli 11 ttlul jnbs Hal even 
l )k : 1 1 . 1 w ;.i shes U ■ I i ..La i of iMiiijET «inb ; riu of 
Ltiein i\Rr h 1 1 1 • 1 r id new hi 1 car ■- 1 in >i «l=t 1 1 A mei 
jean rcti ntTfieF 


FiiliiiaL; \s 11 liiinily liEIlht rm l.-hipiiks hs- 
L:inij ^ bi t hiimt m> diitf hr n il jli hi'lp rlckih 
Lim .1 Fold Iht ticb 
















NW have bevu Ijrofum Tn the plow, 

iiad former malarial ^Vamp^elimirmTed New 
Acids tim?. j|iencd huvr AUmdetl immigrants 
from overcrowded Okinawa I teumed <uu* 
aspect ttf this with ifmc surprise 

L hart -* 1 nfi|.Hrd br-idv :l pric of pineapples 
an d iht farmi! i i 11 u . j w Suit. m 1 1 m h I . r r- ^ 1 1 tt I 
work fafru who had bronchi them from the 
field. Wfi toufeed 41 each tidier. He (xitiiil 
\m.l aft *1 a l moment of embajra^sip^silrjki t 1 E 
irieH nm< nr i n 1 1 j.ij'.oie^c pirraatis-:! ■ * l ^ 
r/m^ k — how muchr 17 ’ t waited, 
painting u* 4 hut iti ruiijvr pmcupplf 

Hir. ri’iily ramt 1 in gracious Efiglkh. H Vigu 
dtny have it with ro> iomphmErttep** be said. 
Then hi- explained dial Uui years m riser tic 
hftri Worked at the n dicers' dub at Kkdenu 
Air Font: Base, l"ji quit rn move to Eshiguki 
lor farming undos' ilu- gtu'^nuwliT s newty 


opened lands program So we r hatred about 
ilu- move, ati 1 J \ me rk&n 1 1 a se s , an d re vendo n , 
ih ncl pineapple raking. And 11- 1 prepared hi 
drive away, he said politely: 

“Woti'i vi m have another pineapple ?' 1 
I might have expected such treatm * n 1 , for 
< ■kin.* warn come h> courk$v natuialh Et 
ha- been a hallmark there fur centuries 
A* Jiistunitra George H+ krrr pul-, it T the 
chronicle of Okinawa Ci is essentially the story 
nt 4 mil mr with few resources and 

r 1 r an tin warlike people, forever seeking I ad 
.inn- liriwii-n | Miw i-rlHi 1 ii-iubborint; states,'" 

.As 4 result , 1 hi- Inhabitants ha\ l- become 
ahls and c^ygoiniz cagre M please but 
with quick recourse Lo stubborn miiclionand 
dvsSlufi I he weap'iFh of the weak who wish 
to re? sit unwanted rhiui^e .' 1 

Ely the i SiSl/s Chinese ambassadors were 


44 6 





hirihptjice i»f Mult hl.ttk |jrafli ,V Kulnn 
Hiiy nil I he rmrLh rn of Islrimiki Inlqniil, 
employ ee> of the kvLtkyu IVarJ ikmipapn 
loV'. rr r[u. L filled ivslh 1 1| i^£.: k.-3iri | u 1 1 |ic;lH 
oyster- Paurffljfi? mwtfflnif/rrii J iflftttk 

Juh-|. iht' f[iMU\ U k-l luyi f^'l 

bfnnth the ^urfncj! for thelw^tci three yetirv 
1 ii£> rr quire to iirndilce black |v.iri-. hTn 
ihree months the men raw the basket? anil 
i lejuise l he cysten of itawrd anil other 
mun ne gffrWthi 

The Katura l ullun: ^riniml b the only 
jil.3i-i« in the '.vorlif whon- hldCfe i^.rj? ire 

gmwii b'k impkuit atiun | below t In HtfrS a 
;-J ti lI 4 l Li luck jurti suLci foi S J i J!<Xl. 





With fhv deRm'^ of .1 NurRemn -hisumis 
TokaslliU in.-erts- a .wed into an i lister. [trade 
of pijr-nw l j rn:? h t'l I from river? m the Mis 
Vidley jif nvhJe i ho nuclei The 

?*ptJ ct % uMtijJj tlac 1 iVF.it* r - in liun-muliviiC ml! 
mEier M- — 1 1 1 *nt — w n 1 1 .1 1 If [>rr$»r 11 n d i: 11 r $ n 
tmy charmrl into 1 ht li+jrly. Then he inserts 
the nucleus, cuwr* it wlIIj itr.ifl tissue from 
annlhcr oyster, :mil -mouLhH back thr nuun 
tte Only Mr luLi^fiiLi, erf ihe 

R '- likyu Pearl Comjjan%v*LtLd lw\i other men 
pcrlurm I hi- debnUf nprmifen 

Bare «i n d lu^Emui item emet^s- fi - -mi ihr 
He* h of i Ls creator. Kilrerb CtriniiL hilccesufuJ 
i iitiivprirm m 1 number of mctiu ^. inrlm li-njt 
1 lie miifl lemiHir^rure erf Rahim Bmy* !l:> 
w ash of it- '.Vasev. lUkL its- uorthtfn cii|.H.t?tire. 







\ moment n> irfavtm? IfrUI*, 

►rrfljcaiii. iind wwldnifl (party jHJit 

ior |ht tiTLdJhiiiiiiti pbttlngra|ih 
fallowing 41 Shf&to l rrirfttfcftyjrt.lt 
refine i in !\ T ahu ^in wear- red 
lined kuniirm: her idalxi-nilr head- 
d I 'SS* TT14i5e> hi st05$V W- 

quefed e ■ -f Hr dresses §if ti |n|-v m 
dark dk and -^aiirktl-Sike Stitt} 


be! j> mak a t.h Is i be n n I y p I ace 
in i he world where black gctt\ 
\K'$th ttlt? cdUVjjttnlJ' Stl>Li- 
mu Toka-sliliki said. He was 
an^ivcrinM .1 qnr 'inis [ hurt 
[lOMiJ \\ hen I mlrrnjpted him 
at work in the plum he directs 
as manjiner »( 1 llr Ryukyu 
lV-N.rl Company 

pC NbE only dp the pyslrr- 

have 1 ip have peri n't i itiLith 
Eion.^ to strove , but cuilimriEr 

in them t> much mure 
t ranks than £n ri^ulat |H E :irl 
nym err-. That's wTn blink 
piairis an ^ rnn Yndcxp'ti- 
liivjjj 1 he added hi lie da_s| il n_yetl 
a handful of beautsi^ ''One 
harvested here in tQfi5 io14 
for SSJOQ." 

The rich, smoky mdest'enci' 
cumr-s from aLLbstamo deptiMS- 
i* 1. 1 L by theshdlfiih on Irritant 
bcaiis iiinzicall y placed tn its 
tissues. The oy su- r , sus | ie mJnJ 


caiJinp i he- Ryukyuitn kingdom Shm-i no 
Kurd — dk 1 Ntflim ol E uurte>y \vA the mum 
gate to l 1_- hilltop palace became Shdffci Mon* 
the iJate of Courtesy. \n architectural [te3>- 
uj'e IujlIe Ln the iS0O'k p the portal was de- 
stroyed during World War II kn on virtu cterl 
ip it stands now a,*- .i landmark and 

naiionnl symbol 

Another rnKL-E'iJj gateway, <m Uhiguki I - 
Initcl, lcitd> vEsiiors to idyllic K^harn Jtej? Its 
water- pm vide rhe island with .i rare industry 
— a Mark-pearl farm I preceding pages l 

*'The riontuvurd-^clmt bay. the way the 
watte w.i-h cm the water l cmperalLirt -alt 


henenith 1 he surface in a tiel- 
Like bpLskel grpwr in the liiiy Ear r v* ci tu ibres 
year- before the pearl i- rumptirled Every 
three itmnth- all of the o\ster> are ranged and 
then shells cleansed of marine Rfumbs. 

The sun'f glint dialled cm LLwr rlmil? from 
which the baskeb hang .il> 3 .-aid riyronim i n 
M r Tnk ash i k i Slpm dmtd - were l t . i l 3 leri n g 

— 1 1 1 1* a 1 1 v* i lI * i i 1 1 \ [jhfuiii. Ain h? I k- r lia^ 
a niald one had swept Llis: Ryukyu a lIp- 
dny 1 ,«rri-sTd 

I noted Ebe coincidence— and breathed a 
wish dial the Land of l mules v- wiki Id ever 
lac tour hod im\y by tltlk lyjihoari^ — -fain- 
],fc«krJ] '“Jiii'lieSi i .T the Par ib l 


SIX MDXTH IXDEX AVAIL. ABLE 

\\ vine mil Hie bcinsfitft Mi niL'mli^nhip in the X.vii'ihnal Goi^graphii Jkfcicly. m tndL-.v fm 
each >ix-mvnth volume wHl he m:ei 1, opon requ«t. to nvmbuh who IshkI their Glm.-iKA^iiK.s 
m workt ol mTertnec. The index Eo Volume 135 (JairnijEry-Jum: i> now. ready 


m 




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IftpflR TotyoH niodern tirn/:i and Fixpov 
n^laiii^hlnj! World of Tum&Tiuw . It'- the 
hii^c^lniKl harsfiin m lmaciry. htii ii\ only 
i be I'wffati n fn L! \ m i i l i Hllcri:fel nj M rite for* EX PQ 
7 1 1 . 1 1 1 pi+n \ir 5 inc\ ih n-lTcrim' nitnu lliiuj 
4flfi lours l^a hiring the Oncnr'v lirsi wen fd 
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Vj-qw of F-XPO, ;ilu-i 
free loitr iffifnmsj- 
tk»n t mail ah li cou- 
pon. Then m:c * our 
iruVL-3 .L^ena -a hale- 
hciiikm^s .ire -ssdl 
j|\ :nLihlr 


FXPOTtl. 
Mint'll I * rhlOiiizh 
Sept. 1 3, I ^70, 
i'Kik-t, j.ipvin. 


JuptmAlr Lifitt, EXPO TVuu.t 65 ^ Fifth Avemt' 
Wn» JV*. Vrw Y#tl }W& 

L.'j Plflfl-M fiend Free i dui inffitmiiibn fliul your 
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Sfaitic 

Addrrs 


Crtj 

Sajitq ?lp 

Tel A ivs Code 

My fl 3 i¥l jlfftll Ifc ___ 

JAPAN A/R UNES i£i 

i jffieiftl nJrlirtcfpr HXI'O'TO 
7 rtrfru#!'! flufrh -rriM HT f* tmnmytilt fun- 



ESCAPE TO 
MISSOURI 

Ses fell I^h; monli?rtul things 
v^u tin estipg m Thff"» in 
□ur ftfli full cqloi hDQ>:lel 



FfttSV ]L'i 7 Jf fati. 

::Qti?r tafltfrf Untdifft 
¥tt*/c " tmtfodiMg Wit?. t& 


Niimt 


flrtfli pu 
CL ff 


5im*. 


M ai l Tn 

iVl, l.m'Ai ■ i ri .jjn'j.Ti l LimfliMi.'uin 

Q*if r WSS. 

Jvtf&tt&ft C*i> l p ci rjgrCJI 




PEOPLE. PLACES. AND THIIGS 




k . 





TOUR 


USF&G AGENT 


CAN INSURE 


THEM ALL 


From the men art the jo'n to ihv honu- 
With LU valued pmSMSilOfU—ilOUISJ on your 
l SJ-A-G ucjcni for imufan^coveryeE 
He* the injtinimc profess i^tiaC tbu 
independent huyn®m&n you ean irus-t for 
mimpci-cm pen^Fiaji/pd thai 

IutSjh proicui virmLilJy nil you value. Consult 
htm wi{ji confidence an you tvniiM youf 
duLtos os Eawy&r He's lislcil 
in YdlOvr Pjyjts, 


. 


i. 1 W 








t • 



Tbe USF&G Cnnpyittki, Md. 2 L 24J J . 

United .State--, Fide I lev * Guaranty to , 
i" uk! tty A Guaranty Lile Injumnci: Co., 
FttfeJily St Guaranty InyuruTKc 
Untidrwriterii, Ivtcf , 4 Hii3lininn\ M4- 2 J 2&J, 
Farid ir]f hisururiru: CV a! tan;idiL- 
I arDEU.1 / OiLBiulty / Firt / \Jnriflt 

/ MrilU-l Ific / Life Uiitup 
llttunmcr / Ki delily S-urei> Hands 


.1 






















ILDR N L VE 



jnJ it'iiiH belter p/ace to tint! u t/un m 

ffce Niaiiteft^ Geography Stfioo/ Quffainl 


\ lore IS your child's own ma^t/ine -with mil-color photos and hupk Oath* 
Irani all over thf> world. Written especially for hlrn it will make thf post- 
man s visit an entiling evpnl] 



I he lth-paf{e ffij//rjm is furred liefoyv com hi nmy pennies pttrcOp> —a lint? 
iinnestmpnl m voui child's imurt* Sf ) wwkty issues during tin; srhcxil year. 
Use i lx 5 order louu Ijotuw. 


i ■ jiiiUi nAr flu- , . ajfl^ii it ii 
i '".'il iitTmt i mjAi' * ■i;i*iph\ 

If Hi ill mmJir’Jl i m hi 

li-H- i-M r> imJO^T 

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NATIONAL Gb( K.iKAI'HKJ SOCIETY • Dept. 60 ■ \\ .ishinnion, D. C. JOnifi 
tra ined find $ Send School fiulietim fa; 


PI 1 Veer $2.25 

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vvoi 
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IT-. MAH IW S I Wil 






The plane Ts the Boeing 747 — the tergal, most 

luxurious commerce airliner in- the ^orrd. 

To get I tall together on time. Bering one (jf 
its most ^ersat[?e ;ools: ttic; tc-tc-phon-a m twnrfi Thfi 
anywHere,, arty thing anyiirro netwpr&c The same 
one your !*iephohe uses, 

Th ! s - 3 r- ^eac h in p. c ornmin i : aii ons set up. wa^ 
niado possible through Thcs Entfirconnection of ihe 
0dl System and the General Telephone systerri. which 

services the mdn assembly plant. 


Blueprints were sent to the i .on! raclofs t y 
facsimile service. 

Detailed speeff leaf oniwenl from Boeings 
computer directly to the contractors' computers. 
Technical questions found q^jid- , written answers by 
n eprhter, 

Even the spare parts manual was kept up to date 
by talking to the publisher's computer, 

The peep-e at BoeJrtg figure Wt as dose as you 
can corni tobu-idinga pi^nt by nhu-ie. 














...with a big assist from Mazola. 

For year* :mlWw d Amrriran- hi=t% f been 
raling a dji-l lha! t- BElipFC-'f HrrU balanced in 
letttis d Faii, Mff. Flynti U no ejweptkirL 

I i d:i) . Ii dp r,. sh*‘ > what we I n 

.iuiSioriUetiir^ Shc% mn^ her family 

a b.ibnt(-iJ ihet T tiFiL- which m; huh - cluing 
dy^'ii tm t'rial calories a net Em ralnm^. and re- 
placing *d$d fail with ihfr £nt»t highly priytftfr 
ralunateJ \ ugetahle oil?-. 

Her «>f oil h Mazda* 100% 
Corn Osl -- betfliiae ii b. highest in pdyufr 
saturates ul all K-ftdmg naljtifiji brand*. 
Stir (jmb it id fo* turmv% Imi salad* 
mlo a p^rtktiksvly important put of 
itic bctLrrdbaltmcrd did* Mazda 
ii the logical choke for you, too, 
for all yum ^odiking J-nd «iUd~ 
makirtg twkJs- 

\u mallet how many iherc 
arr in ydui family,, there** one 
thing yon man all enjoy doing 
together. 

Pdyunutun^ti|> 

F_S. SJie utcE [VWdi* 

M-injannc. loo. 

\i\ Mack- with 


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