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Don't be evil

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This note is not about Google's motto. This is a note about moving away from evil-mode.

1 OK, but why?

Because evil-mode messed up the keybinding of so many packages I'm using (magit, neotree, org-mode agenda,…). I know there's a package to make these packages working nicely with evil, but eventually, these packages are not designed to work with evil in the first place.

Another reason, is that sticking with evil-mode make me feel I'm not really into Emacs, it's holding me back from exploring the real Emacs. So, if it's not org-mode that hold me back, I can just go back and use Vim instead.

2 I'm convinced, now show me how?

2.1 First step: Comment out every evil related packages.

And restart Emacs as well.

;;;; Vim mode
;;(use-package evil
;;  :ensure t
;;  :config
;;  (evil-mode 1)
;;  (evil-set-initial-state 'term-mode 'emacs))

;;(use-package evil-escape
;;  :ensure t
;;  :init
;;  (setq-default evil-escape-key-sequence "jk")
;;  :config
;;  (evil-escape-mode 1))

;;;; Matchit
;;(use-package evil-matchit
;;  :ensure t
;;  :init
;;  (global-evil-matchit-mode 1))

;;;; Evil surround
;;(use-package evil-surround
;;  :ensure t
;;  :config
;;  (global-evil-surround-mode 1))

Next, we'll learn some basic, mostly what written here is my concerns as a Vim/Evil user moving to Emacs, trying to find the equivalent key.

2.2 Second step: Learn the basic movement.

So, in evil-mode, we move around with hjkl, but before that, we need to press esc or in my case jk to switch from insert mode to normal mode.

Without evil-mode, we don't have modal editing, no more mode switching, we're in insert mode all the time, so you can just type whenever you want, but if you want to move around:

Emacs Key Description Evil Equivalent
C-n, C-p Move to the next/previous line j/k
C-f, C-b Move forward/backward in a line h/l
C-e, C-a Move to the end/begin of the line $/0
M-f, M-b Jump to next/previous word w/b
M->, M-< Move to the end/begin of the buffer G/gg

It should not take you more than 15 minutes to getting used to the new keybindings.

2.3 Third step: Learn the basic functions.

Next, we'll see what's the Emacs equivalent of Vim keybinding for basic functionalities like searching, selecting, copy, paste.

Emacs Key Description Evil Equivalent
C-x u or C-/ Undo u
C-SPC Start selecting v
C-x SPC Rectangle selecting C-v
C-w Cut after select x
M-w Copy after select y
C-y Paste p
C-s Search in a buffer /
C-s C-s Search next n
C-SPC C-x r t Select and replace cw or dw
C-k Delete to the end of line Shift D
M-d Delete a word dw
C-j Move the content behind pointer to new line Dunno, never use
C-e C-j Jump to the end and add a new line o
C-a C-k Jump to the beginning and delete the whole line dd
C-S-backspace Delete the whole line dd
C-x C-s Save the current buffer :w
C-x C-f Open a new file :e
C-g Escape, canceling the current action Esc

At this point, we should take a break from the exploring and start using Emacs with these keybinding for a day or so, to get yourself being used with the changes.

For functions that you don't know, just start typing M-x, type some words and press tab to see the suggestion list, use it from here instead of your evil keybindings. There's no need to hurry.

2.4 Fourth step: Custom some keybinding

Now, it's time to take the control of Emacs and make it your. Before making the move to vanilla Emacs, I'm using general mode to make some custom keybinding. Now we can't use it, but we can just map the key directly using global-set-key.

This is some of my keybindings, first, we make some movement enhancement. I find it very useful to use super-k/j to jump by paragraph, it's faster than crawling line by line with C-n/p, next, instead of C-a for moving to beginning of the line, I change it to C-0.

;; Custom keybinding
;; Movement and editing
(global-set-key (kbd "s-j") 'forward-paragraph)
(global-set-key (kbd "s-k") 'backward-paragraph)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-0") 'beginning-of-line)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-o") (lambda () (interactive) (end-of-line) (newline-and-indent)))

On MacOS, depends on your keyboard, you can remap the Cmd key to Ctrl or Meta:

(setq mac-command-modifier 'control)
;; or
(setq mac-command-modifier 'meta)

Also, instead of typing M-x all the time, I bind C-== to helm-M-x, this will let me have a suggestion list of M-x command, and the hand movement is way better than M-x.

(global-set-key (kbd "C-=") 'helm-M-x)

Next is some window management keys:

;; Window management                               
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c /") 'split-window-right)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c \\") 'split-window-below)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c l") 'windmove-right)     
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c h") 'windmove-left)      
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c k") 'windmove-up)        
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c j") 'windmove-down)      
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c =") 'balance-windows)    

For closing window, there's a C-x 0 key and it's good enough, so we don't have to change.

Now, some other stuff that also helpful:

;; Searching
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x /") 'helm-projectile-ag)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-x .") 'helm-resume)
;; Functions
(global-set-key (kbd "C-.") 'repeat)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c f e d") (lambda () (interactive) (find-file "~/.emacs.d/init.el")))
(global-set-key (kbd "C-c f e R") (lambda () (interactive) (load-file "~/.emacs.d/init.el")))

From here, we can continue exploring the Emacs keybinding, when in doubt, open this document: https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/index.html#Top

3 Conclusion

After a day, I've been familiar enough with basic vanilla Emacs. I still miss a lot from Vim/Evil, but I feel much more confident. In fact, I do learn some more interesting Emacs feature, like C-x r t (rectangle-string), which I never tried in evil-mode.

The most concerned thing that stop me from switching to vanilla Emacs before is the ergonomic of using hjkl, it seems to be way more convenience than C-n/p/b/f. But tried it for a while, I think it's not that bad. Since it has another benefit, is you don't have to go back and forth from insert and normal mode. You'll feel more freedom.

Date: 2019-01-08 Tue 00:00

Author: Huy Tran

Created: 2019-01-21 Mon 16:20