Afrikaaners are a white South African ethnic group descended from predominantly Dutch settlers.

Decolonisation refers to the process of critiquing and moving away from value systems and influences that were imposed on countries during colonialism. Some examples include: removing statues of colonial figures e.g. Cecil Rhodes, prioritising indigenous narratives of history over colonial narratives, replacing colonial authors with local authors in curricula.

Megacities are cities with a population of over 10 million people

The World Health Organisation has adopted conventions on various health topics which can impose binding regulations on member states.

In most legal systems, in order to initiate legal proceedings, potential plaintiffs must demonstrate that they are directly involved in the issues of a case in a way that is distinct from general members of the public. This means that an ordinary citizen cannot challenge a law as unconstitutional if they cannot prove that it has, or is imminently likely to, directly affect them. A doctrine of open standing would allow anyone to initiate legal proceedings in court. Plaintiffs would still need to demonstrate a valid legal argument. For example, under the status quo, new healthcare legislation which may increase many people's premiums could not be challenged by a general member of the public. Under a doctrine of open standing it could be.

For the purposes of this debate, "Political Expansionism" is an approach to international relations which involves exerting pressure over and intervening in the internal affairs of other states. It seeks to spread ideology and exercise influence over the political and information environments of the targeted countries through channels such as economic investment and backing political groups.

Recently there has been an increased use of big data and sophisticated algorithms in making various policy judgements. As technology in machine learning and artificial intelligence advances, it is becoming more feasible to apply such methods to more government decision making process.

In the status quo, financial institutions use the money deposited by customers (e.g. in a bank account) to make loans and investments. Deposits could alternatively be used to buy government-back safe assets (e.g. treasury bonds), which tend to have the lowest risk of default of all assets. In this debate, an “equity account” would be an account where the financial institution can use deposits for loans and investments. The value of an equity account fluctuates based on the value of its underlying assets. A “narrow banking” regulation is the requirement that all financial institutions back up all deposits with an equivalent value of government-back safe assets, unless customers choose to deposit their money in an “equity account”.