(cache)#SOSBRUTALISM

#SOSBRUTALISM

#SOSBrutalism is a growing database that currently contains over 1000 Brutalist buildings. But, more importantly, it is a platform for a large campaign to save our beloved concrete monsters. The buildings in the database marked red are in particular jeopardy. This is an unprecedented initiative: #SOSBrutalism is open to everyone who wants to join the campaign to save Brutalist buildings! It is a powerful tool that allows fans of Brutalism to communicate with one another across Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Tumblr and so on. You can follow our social media feeds below.

…what characterises the New Brutalism…is precisely its brutality, its je-m’en-foutisme, its bloody-mindedness.
Reyner Banham, 1955

#SOSBrutalism has also led into an exhibition which has been jointly organized by the Deutsches Architekturmuseum (DAM) and the Wüstenrot Stiftung. It is now on display at the DAM, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, until April 2, 2018.

From the Hunstanton School to Concrete Monsters

What exactly is Brutalism anyway? The term was coined in the 1950s by a young generation of architects and architecture critics in Great Britain who used the expression “New Brutalism” to distance themselves from the dreariness of post-war architecture. Architecture critic Reyner Banham described the Hunstanton School by Alison and Peter Smithson (and their unrealized Soho House) as “points of architectural reference by which the New Brutalism in architecture may be defined” and names three characteristics: “1, Memorability as an image; 2, Clear exhibition of structure; and 3, Valuation of materials 'as found'. ”

Project 1 — **Alison and Peter Smithson:** Secondary School (Smithdon High School), Hunstanton, Great Britain , 1949^D–1954

A good ten years later at the suggestion of German architecture critic Jürgen Joedicke, Banham wrote the book “The New Brutalism: Ethic or Aesthetic?”. We have marked all the buildings, which feature in it with the hashtag #Banham1966. Banham noted with concern that the “The Johnsons, Johansens and Rudolphs of the American scene” had separated European Brutalism from its ethical roots. Ethics became aesthetics. Which buildings would Banham have dealt with if his book had appeared ten years later? The triumphal march of the #ConcreteMonster had only just begun.

So is every concrete building realized from around 1960 automatically “Brutalist”? How else, after all, would we describe buildings like the Kyoto International Conference Center? In making the selection for this website we have opted for a broad definition and also included many of the #Forerunners, which were built before 1955. We have also added several classics including buildings by Le Corbusier and Louis Kahn, where you are tempted to wonder why they have not long since been classified as Brutalist. Our definition: Brutalist buildings are not always made of concrete. But they are always “rhetorical” in that they blatantly place the focus on their material or sculptural form.

There are still many gaps in this database. We are working on filling them and would welcome assistance in the form of short texts, information about red projects or images showing the current state of buildings. We are especially grateful to all those photographers, who have made their images available to us free of charge. We would also like to thank the team at uncube, the digital magazine for architecture and beyond.

What happens next?

This database serves as the starting point for a campaign to save Brutalist buildings with a hashtag: #SOSBrutalism. If you tag a building #SOSBrutalism on social media it will be brought to our attention and we'll check it for inclusion in our database. Of course, you can also contact us directly as well.

We also plan to select around 100 of the most extraordinary structures for a large format printed catalogue on Brutalist architecture. This is where you come in! As well as our own discoveries, we hope to include gems uncovered by #SOSBrutalism users from all over the world.

The project wouldn't have been possible without a lot of help from around the world. We would like to thank in particular Guiding Architects, DOCOMOMO International, Soviet Modernism Database by AzW (Vienna), World Monuments Fund, Michael Abrahamson (fuckyeahbrutalism), Shawn Hazen (Chicago Brutalism), This Brutal House, German Post-War Modern and Klaas Vermaas, as well as the many people, who contacted us with additional information and images for their support.

SOS Brutalism — A Global Survey

The first-ever global survey of Brutalist architecture from the 1950s to the 1970s

Edited by Oliver Elser, Philip Kurz, Peter Cachola Schmal
Hardback with paperback supplement
approx. 716 pages in total, 1,200 illustrations
German / English versions
Graphic design: Rahlwes.Pietz

Out in November 2017 at Park Books

Some 100 contributors document 120 key buildings from this period, including many previously unpublished discoveries that are in acute danger of loss through neglect of intended demolition. Moreover, the book features overviews of Brutalism in architecture in twelve regions around the world. Case studies of hotspots such as the Macedonian capital Skopje or New Haven, Connecticut, and essays on the history and theory of Brutalism round out this lavishly illustrated book. The supplement collects papers of an international symposium on Brutalism in architecture held in Berlin in 2012.

SOS Brutalism
Save the Concrete Monsters!

November 9, 2017 — April 2, 2018
Exhibition opening: November 8, 2017, 7pm
Deutsches Architekturmuseum
Frankfurt am Main, Germany

At the DAM, Brutalism is reexamined with unusually large-scale models and cast concrete miniatures. The exhibition features buildings from Japan, Brazil, the former Yugoslavia and Israel, as well as Great Britain, where Alison and Peter Smithson invented New Brutalism.

www.dam-online.de

SUPPORT THESE RESCUE CAMPAIGNS

**Věra Machoninová / Vladimir Machonin:** Hotel Thermal, Karlovy Vary, Czech Republic, 1964^D–1976

**Herwig Udo Graf:** Kulturzentrum Mattersburg, Mattersburg, Austria, 1972^D–1976

**Tao Gofers:** Sirius, Sydney, Australia, 1978^D–1980

**Public Works Department of New South Wales (Andrew Milcz):** Bidura Children’s Court (Metropolitan Remand Centre), Sydney, Australia, 1977^D–1983

**Gerhard Weber / Georg Küttinger:** Central Post Administration Building Post-Pyramide, Hamburg, Germany, 1969^D–1977

**Architect's Co-Partnership / Ove Arup:** Dunelm House, Durham University, Durham, Great Britain, 1963^?–1965

LATEST ADDITIONS ( SAVED • ENDANGERED • LEAST CONCERNED / UNKNOWN )

BROWSE GALLERY

**Walter Rüssli:** Grossfeld Retirement Home, Kriens, Switzerland, 1965^D–1968

**Rafael Fontán:** Ascensor de Begoña, Bilbao, Spain, 1943

**Neubauamt für die Universität Göttingen:** Central Lecture Hall Building (ZHG), Göttingen University, Göttingen, Germany, 1971–1972

Call to Action

Anyone who wishes to contribute images, information or texts to this website is welcome to do so. We are particularly interested in information regarding "red" projects since these buildings are greatly endangered!

ENTER PROJECT
help@sosbrutalism.org

You can use the hashtag #SOSBrutalism when you wish to mark a building that you feel is in danger, we will then refer it to the red list. These will then appear on the homepage as well as across our social media feeds.

GALLERY

REGION

TYPE

STATUS

1113 BUILDINGS

**Unknown architect:** Apartment Building (Pfäffikonstrasse 40), Schindellegi, Switzerland, ^?–c. 1965

**E. Orrego / L. Huarcaya / R. González:** Edificio Policía De Investigaciones Del Peru, Lima, Peru, ^?–ca. 1980

**Alexander Georgiev Barov:** Ruse City Hall, Ruse, Bulgaria, ^?–1985

**Joseph Amisano:** Second Church of Christ, Scientist (later: Christian Church Buckhead), Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 1984^D–?

**Yeregeny Rozanov:** House of Soviets, Tula, Tula, Russia, ^?–1984

**VEB Bau- und Montagekombinat Kohle + Energie:** Telecommunications Center (Fernmeldeamt), Dresden, Germany, ^?–1984

**Danilo Cvjetkovic / Miomir Lužajić:** Politička Škola Josip Broz Tito (Political School Josip Broz Tito), Kumrovec, Croatia, ^?–1981

**V. Galushenko:** Residential Building “Birdhouse”, Babruysk, Belarus, ^?–1980

1113 BUILDINGS

294

GLOSSARY

With a database of this size, there are various intricacies in categorization and classification. The glossary gives a brief overview of the fundamental considerations and helps provide answers to the most frequently asked questions.

Annual figures We try to provide start and end dates for each project. Where start dates are concerned, we differentiate between design and the start of construction. The chronological list is based on the start year (where known). The reason behind this is that in chronology, our prime consideration is establishing where and when ideas surfaced. Here we believe that the start date is more significant than the completion date.

Heritage listings Laws on protection of monuments differ from country to country. Thus England and Wales differentiate, for example, between buildings assigned a Grade I (buildings of exceptional interest), a Grade II* (particularly important buildings of more than special interest) and a Grade II (buildings that are of special interest, warranting every effort to preserve them). As a rule, we categorize heritage-listed buildings as “saved” (blue). However, we are aware that the heritage status alone is not necessarily sufficient to preserve a building in the long term. Where we identify in individual cases that a project has been neglected or poorly renovated despite its heritage listing, we take this into account in the categorization.

Hashtags In order to make the database easier to search through and to highlight interesting correlations, each entry also includes key words labelled with hashtags. You can also carry out direct searches based on these key words and display, for example, all #ConcreteMonster projects.
Some keywords are self-explanatory: #Brick, #BunkerShape, #CastInPlaceConcrete, #ClusterStructure, #ConcreteLandscape, #ConcreteMonster, #EdgeCase, #ExtraSmall, #Highrise, #InfiniteRepetition, #InvertedPyramid, #Iron, #MachineAesthetics, #Megastructure, #Monolith, #PartlyPrivatised, #Plaster, #Precast, #Private, #Public, #Sculptural, #Wood

Other keywords require a little explanation:

#Banham1966 As described in the introduction, the book “The New Brutalism: Ethic or Aesthetic?” (1966) by Reyner Banham is the first and the most fundamental publication on the topic of brutalism. For this reason, all the projects that appear in it are marked with this hashtag.

#FoldedPlate Folded exposed concrete walls were first used by Eugène Freyssinet 1916–1923 for a hangar in Orly. Marcel Breuer advanced the method for St John’s Abbey Church in 1950 and in its wake the concept became popular. In the period that followed, this form of wall was applied in a whole series of hall-like buildings.

#Forerunner Some projects in the database perhaps don’t look particularly brutalist at first glance. One example is Louis Kahn’s Yale Art Gallery, yet such buildings still represent key works which later brutalist architects referred to time and again. Others, like the Goetheanum (1923–1928), date from much earlier, but could perhaps nevertheless be labelled as a kind of “proto-brutalism” when viewed from a brutalist perspective.

#HouseWithAFace In some façade geometries, with a little imagination it is even possible to see the features of a human face!

#LaTouretteType Le Corbusier’s La Tourette Monastery was the foundation for an entire architectural style. The most famous building to echo it is Boston City Hall, which builds on the basic structure to create something monumental, and likewise influenced many subsequent projects. Thus plenty of #LaTouretteType candidates could also be labelled with #BostonCityHallType.

#Metabolism In Japan, Metabolism is actually an architectural movement of its own. Here buildings are perceived as organisms and designed as supply systems with metabolic analogies. Some buildings could, however, be described as both brutalist and metabolist.

#MovieSet Buildings that have once served as a film set.

#Pilotis Another structural element Le Corbusier made popular. The idea of a building being elevated was applied time and again as a stylistic device in brutalism.

#Stepped Buildings with terraced storeys.

#TempleType Like the #LaTouretteType, some projects are reminiscent of ancient temples.

#UnitéType Le Corbusier’s Unité d’Habitation also inspired a series of similar elevated slab-based high-rises.

For the basic subdivision, we have adopted a system from Emilia Terragni, Helen Thomas (Ed.): 20th-Century World Architecture. The Phaidon Atlas (London 2012):

#COM Commercial Buildings banks, broadcasting facilities, cinemas, conference centres, exhibition centres, factories, farm facilities, markets, mixed-use, nightclubs, offices, research facilities, restaurants, retail, stock exchanges, wineries

#CUL Cultural Buildings art galleries, arts centres, community centres, concert halls, cultural centres, exhibition centres, libraries, memorials, museums, theatres

#EDU Educational Buildings higher education institutes, research facilities, schools, student housing, training facilities, universities

#GOV Government Buildings cultural centres, embassies, government facilities, government resi

#PUB Public Buildings fire stations, medical facilities, planetariums, post offices

#REC Recreational Buildings cinemas, leisure facilities, swimming pools, zoos

#REL Religious Buildings cathedrals, cemeteries, chapels, churches, crematoria, mixed use, monasteries, mosques, schools, temples

#RES Residential Buildings mixed use, multiple housing, orphanages, single houses, social housing

#SPO Sports Buildings gymnasia, stadia

#TOU Tourism Buildings hotels, tourist attractions

#TRA Transport Buildings airports, railway stations, toll buildings

World regions The world regions are subdivided as follows:

TIMELINE

BROWSE TIMELINE

	North America	Latin America	Europe	Oceania	Asia	Africa

	North America	Latin America	Europe	Asia	Africa
before 1955	Louis I. Kahn Yale Art Gallery New Haven, USA, 1951^D–1953 Marcel Breuer St. John’s Abbey Church Collegeville, USA, 1950^D–1961 Alvar Aalto Baker House Dormitory, Massachussets Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge, USA, 1947^D–1948 Ludwig Mies van der Rohe Alumni Memorial Hall, Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) Chicago, USA, 1945^C–1946	BVCH (Carlos Bresciani / Héctor Valdés / Fernando Castillo / Carlos García Huidobro) Unidad Vecinal Portales (Villa Portales) Santiago, Chile, 1954^D–1970 Félix Candela Church of Our Lady of the Miraculous Medal (Iglesia de la Medalla de la Virgen Milagrosa) Mexico City, Mexico, 1953^?–1957 Julio Vilamajó Facultad de Ingenieria, Universidad de la República Montevideo, Uruguay, 1936^D–1953 André Dunoyer de Segonzac Basílica Catedral Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia Higüey, Dominican Republic, 1949^D–1971	Adolf Abel / Rolf Gutbrod Kultur- und Kongresszentrum Liederhalle Stuttgart, Germany, 1954^D–1956 Carlo de Carli Chiesa Di Sant’Ildefonso Milan, Italy, 1954^?–1956 André Wogenscky Residential Home Saint-Rémy-lès-Chevreuse, France, 1953^? Le Corbusier La Tourette Éveux-sur-l´Arbresle, France, 1953^D–1960 Gillespie, Kidd & Coia St. Peter’s Seminary Cardross, Great Britain, 1953^D–1966 Horst Linde Ludwigskirche Freiburg, Germany, 1952^?–1954 Marcel Breuer / Pier Zehrfuss / Pier Luigi Nervi Conference Center UNESCO Paris, France, 1952^?–1958 Luigi Figini / Gino Pollini Madonna dei Poveri Milano, Italy, 1952^?–1954 Egon Eiermann St. Matthew Church (Matthäuskirche) Pforzheim, Germany, ^?–1951 Le Corbusier Maison Jaoul Paris, France, 1951^D–1955 Max Bill Ulm School of Design (Hochschule für Gestaltung) Ulm, Germany, 1950^D–1955 Alison and Peter Smithson Secondary School (Smithdon High School) Hunstanton, Great Britain, 1949^D–1954 Alvar Aalto Town Hall Säynätsalo, Finland, 1949^?–1952 Le Corbusier Unité d’Habitation Marseille, France, 1947^C–1952 Rafael Fontán Ascensor de Begoña Bilbao, Spain, 1943 Organisation Todt Observation Tower L´Angle, France, 1942^? Hannes Meyer / Hans Wittwer Bundesschule ADGB (Federal School) Bernau, Germany, 1928^?–1930 Karl Moser Antonius Church Basel, Switzerland, 1925^?–1927 Rudolf Steiner Goetheanum Dornach, Switzerland, 1923^?–1928 Willem Marinus Dudok Dr. Banvinck School Hilversum, Netherlands, 1921^?–1922 Rudolf Guyer / Esther Guyer / Urs Hilfiker / Josef Schütz Apartment Highrise Birmensdorferstrasse Zurich, Switzerland, 1954^D–1966 Đorđije Minjević Hotel Onogost Nikšić, Montenegro, 1953^C–1955 C. de Geus / J.B. Ingwersen LTS Patrimonium (today: Cygnus Gymnasium) Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1952^C–1956 Huig Maaskant / Willem van Tijen Groothandelsgebouw Rotterdam, Netherlands, 1951^C–1953 Horst Pinno / Peter Grund St. Nicolai Church Dortmund, Germany, 1929^?–1930	Kenzo Tange Kagawa Prefectural Office Kagawa, Japan, 1954^D–1958 Le Corbusier Government Museum and Art Gallery Chandigarh, India, 1952^D–1968 Le Corbusier Secretariat Building Chandigarh, India, 1951^D–1958 Le Corbusier Villa Shodhan Ahmedabad, India, 1951^D–1956 Le Corbusier Palais des Filateurs Ahmedabad, India, 1951^D–1951 Le Corbusier Villa Sarabhai Ahmedabad, India, 1951^D–1955 Antonin Raymond Golconde Ashram Pondicherry, India, 1936^D–1948	Vladimir Bodiansky / ATBAT-Afrique Carrières Centrales Housing Project Casablanca, Morocco, 1951^C–1952
1955	Eero Saarinen Milwaukee County War Memorial Milwaukee, USA, 1955^?–1957	Jorge Romero Gutiérrez El Helicoide de la Roca Tarpeya Caracas, Venezuela, 1955^D–1960 Clorindo Testa Civic Center of Santa Rosa de la Pampa Santa Rosa de la Pampa, Argentina, 1955^?–1976 Clorindo Testa Temple and Niches, Chacarita Cemetery (Cementerio Chacarita) Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1955^?–1956	Alison and Peter Smithson Sugden House Watford, Great Britain, 1955^C–1956 Vittoriano Viganò Istituto Marchiondi Spagliardi Milan, Italy, 1955^D–1957 Trevor James Dannatt Needler Hall, Hall of Residence, University of Hull Hull, Great Britain, 1955^?–1964 Geoffrey Copcutt Cumbernauld Town Centre Cumbernauld, Great Britain, 1955^?–1975 Günter Bock Westhausen Cemetery Mourning Hall Frankfurt, Germany, 1955^?–1966 Atelier 5 Siedlung Halen Bern, Switzerland, 1955^D–1960 James Stirling / James Gowan Langham House Close (Ham Common) London, Great Britain, 1955^?–1958 Colin St. John Wilson / Peter Carter / Alan Colquhoun Gascoyne Estate, Bentham Road London, Great Britain, ^?–1955 Pierre Vago Basilica of Saint Pius X Lourdes, France, 1955^?–1958 Guilmaume Gillet Église Notre-Dame de Royan Royan, France, 1955^C–1958		Paul Herbé / Jean Le Couteur Cathédrale du Sacré-Cœur d'Alger Algiers, Algeria, 1955^D–1963 Roland Simounet Centre Albert-Camus (today Larbi Tebessi) Orléanville (today Chlef), Algeria, 1955^D–1958
1956			John Voelcker Lyttleton House Hertfordshire, Great Britain, ^?–1956 Gillian Howell / William G. Howell / Stanley Amis 20th Century Building on South Hill Park, NW3 London, Great Britain, ^?–1956 Josef Lehmbrock St. Reinold Düsseldorf, Germany, 1956^C–1957 Alberto Pessoa / Pedro Cid / Ruy d'Athouguia / Leslie Martin / Sommer Ribeiro / Ivor Richards / Nunes de Oliveira Offices and Museum of the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation Lisbon, Portugal, 1956^D–1983 Herrmann Baur / Hans Peter Baur / Franz Bräuning Basel School of Design (Allgemeine Gewerbeschule und Schule für Gestaltung Basel) Basel, Switzerland, 1956^?–1961 Atelier 5 Boiler Factory (Müller AG) Thun, Switzerland, 1956^D–1959 Günter Wilhelm / Rolf Gutbier Kollegiengebäude 1 (K1) Fakultät Bauwesen, University of Stuttgart Stuttgart, Germany, 1956^?–1960 Dieter Oesterlen Christuskirche Bochum Bochum, Germany, 1956^D–1959	Le Corbusier / Presente and Mesny Saddam Hussein Gymnasium (today Baghdad Gymnasium) Baghdad, Iraq, 1956^D–1980 Takamasa Yoshizaka URA House Nishinomiya, Japan, ^?–1956 Balkrishna V. Doshi / Mahendra Raj Premabhai Hall Ahmedabad, India, 1956^D–1972 Ram Karmi Negev Center Beersheba, Israel, 1956^?–1960 Kiyonori Kikutake Tonogaya Apartments Yokohama, Japan, ^?–1956 Benjamin Polk Tripitaka Library Yangon, Myanmar, 1956^D–1961	Julian Elliott / Philippe Charbonnier Boeskay Houses Lumbumbashi, Democratic Republic Congo, 1956^?–1957
1957		Mario Payssé Reyes / Walter Chappe Banco de Prevision Social Montevideo, Uruguay, 1957^D–1975	Denys Lasdun Keeling House London, Great Britain, 1957^?–1960 City Planning Department Sheffield / Peter Womersley / Jack Lynn / Ivor Smith / Frederick Nicklin Park Hill Sheffield, Great Britain, 1957^?–1961 Gottfried Böhm Catholic Church Mary Queen of Peace - Fatima Kassel, Germany, 1957–1959 Atelier 5 Row Houses "Flamatt 1" Flamatt, Switzerland, 1957^D–1958 Klaus Kirsten Rotaprint Administration Building Berlin, Germany, 1957^D–1958 Sir Leslie Martin / Colin St. John Wilson Harvey Court (Gonville & Caius College) Cambridge, Great Britain, 1957^D–1962 Marcello D’Olivo Complesso Zipser Grado Grado, Italy, 1957^D–1964 Peppo Brivio Casa Cate Lugano, Switzerland, 1957^D–1957 Colin St. John Wilson / Alex Hardy Cambridge School of Architecture Cambridge, Great Britain, 1957^?–1958 Izi Metzstein / Andy MacMillan / Gillespie, Kidd & Coia St Bride's Roman Catholic Church East Kilbride, Great Britain, 1957^D–1964 Leonardo Savioli / Leonardo Ricci Complesso di Case Popolari a Sorgane Sorgane, Italy, 1957^D–1980 Takis Zenetos / Margaritis Apostolides Fix Brewery (Today National Museum of Contemporary Art) Athens, Greece, 1957^?–1963 Michel Andrault / Pierre Parat Santuario della Madonna delle Lacrime Syracuse, Italy, 1957^D–1994	Togo Murano Yomiuri Hall Tokyo, Japan, ^?–1957 Kunio Maekawa Metropolitan Festival Hall Tokyo, Japan, 1957^D–1961 Le Corbusier Sanskar Kendra Museum Ahmedabad, India, ^?–1957 Kunio Maekawa Harumi Apartment Buildings Tokyo, Japan, 1957^C–1958 Ikuta / Taneo Oki / Miyajima Fuji Juko Omiya Apartments Saitama, Japan, ^?–1957 Balakrishna V. Doshi Lalbhai Institute of Indology Ahmedabad, India, 1957^D–1962 Kenzo Tange Imabari Civic Center Imabari, Japan, 1957^?–1959 Justus Dahinden Kung Tung Technical High School Taitung City, Taiwan, 1957^D–1960 Kunio Maekawa Kyoto Hall Kyoto, Japan, 1957^D–1960

SEE ALL

Terms of Service

#SOSBrutalism is a non-commercial project from the Deutsches Architekturmuseum and the Wüstenrot Stiftung.

Deutsches Architekturmuseum (DAM)
Schaumainkai 43
60596 Frankfurt am Main
Deutschland
Telefon +49 69 212 38844
Fax +49 69 212 37721
www.dam-online.de

Wüstenrot Stiftung
Gemeinschaft der Freunde
Deutscher Eigenheimverein e.V.
Hohenzollernstraße 45
71638 Ludwigsburg
Deutschland
Telefon +49 7141 167565 00
Fax +49 7141 167565 15
info@wuestenrot-stiftung.de
www.wuestenrot-stiftung.de

Curator: Oliver Elser
oliver.elser@stadt-frankfurt.de
Curatorial Assistant: Felix Torkar
felix.torkar@stadt-frankfurt.de

Technical Implementation
BauNetz Media GmbH / uncube
Schlüterstrasse 42
10707 Berlin
Deutschland
Phone: +49 30 8826300
baunetz@baunetz.de
www.baunetz.de
www.uncubemagazine.com

Image Rights / Takedown Policy
All images on this website are subject to the individually stated copyright or creative commons licences. Every effort has been made to trace and contact the copyright holders of the images and to follow the specific rules of the various creative commons licences. If you think that we have used your images incorrectly in any way, please contact us. We will make sure to remove the concerned images immediately.
oliver.elser@stadt-frankfurt.de / felix.torkar@stadt-frankfurt.de / tiziana.agus@stadt-frankfurt.de

Hashtag
#SOSBrutalism is a free hashtag used across all social media platforms that should only be to communicate endangered brutalist buildings.

Link Disclaimer
#SOSBrutalism does not accept liability for the subject matter of external links. The operators of these sites are solely responsible for their contents.

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#Africa #Central Asia #East Asia #Eastern Europe #Latin America #Middle East #North America #Oceania #South Asia #Southeast Asia #Western Europe
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From the Hunstanton School to Concrete Monsters

SOS Brutalism — A Global Survey

The first-ever global survey of Brutalist architecture from the 1950s to the 1970s

SOS Brutalism Save the Concrete Monsters!

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