Like so many preachers, White earned her wealth by encouraging her listeners to donate “seed money” to her ministry. If they did so, White promised, God would repay their generosity by making them rich in their own right.

“I feel impressed of the Lord to ask you to do something that I believe will create a memory in the mind of God and this will change your future,” White’s website proclaims. “I want you to give a seed offering that I call a ‘Gratitude’ seed. This is an extremely powerful seed for you . . . especially at this time in your life.”

If this sounds shady to you, then you’re not alone. It’s called the prosperity gospel, a term for the argument used by some preachers that donating to them will personally enrich their audience. Iowa Sen. Chuck Grassley led a Senate investigation of White and five other similar preachers from 2007 until 2011. Grassley was specifically concerned about whether the televangelists violated IRS rules by spending funds raised for religious purposes on personal items like church-owned luxury homes or airplanes. While he ultimately didn’t draw any conclusions about whether the ministries broke laws barring religious nonprofit leaders from excessive self-compensation, this may have been in part because Paula White and her then-husband Randy refused to provide him with full information — something they and three of the other ministries targeted, did.