The unique aspect of this particular resolution is that the United States, which usually vetoed every resolution that was presented to the security council concerning Israel, had decided to let it pass.

this decision of the United States is believed in Israel to stem from 2 sources, the first is the bitter personal relationship between Obama and Netanyahu, which went south after Bibi had decided to show up in congress without Obama's permission, in regards to the nuclear deal signed with Iran. as well as a legislation that is currently being promoted and is highly likely to pass that would legitimize seizure of owned land behind '67 lines and would make the process of creating new settlements or legitimizing old ones a lot easier for the israeli parliament. currently the supreme court does not allow for legitimization of settlements easily, and there is constant tension between the supreme court and the right-winged elected government.

as you can probably imagine, Israels government is not so happy about the decision made by president Obama and claims it is unfair to not veto this resolution as it stands against (what they believe to be) president elect trump policy.

what it means for Israel: different countries have different legal systems, and now that the settlements are considered more illegal than before in regards to international law, different sanctions to national and international companies that operate within the west bank could worsen (and this is not only limited to direct activity in the west bank, for example, one could sue an international manufacturer of construction equipment for renting items indirectly via an Israeli company for the construction of settlement, if the law in that country holds them responsible. ). this in turn should discourage companies from operating outside the '67 lines and perhaps even in Israel, fearing of legal action. companies would not be the only ones effected as this can also effect Israeli personnel by making them wanted criminals in many countries, rendering them disabled to travel to many places. still, these kind of sanctions are particular to nations that are interested in putting them in the first place, and such should not effect Israel greatly, furthermore any multi-national sanction against Israel would have to pass via the security council in the future, and would be highly likely to be vetoed by the trump administration.

what this means for the Palestinians: the Fatah has been slowly losing power in the Palestinian street, which in turn strengthens Hamas. the most important thing stemming from this decision for the Fatah is that it gives it room to breath and shows that the government is capable, it also send a message to Israel, saying that the expansion of the settlements will not go without actions.

all in all i believe that this decision tends to even out the game between the Israelis and the Palestinians, keeps the Status quo and makes both sides more likely to come back to the negotiating table, however, until big compromises are made by both sides I don't believe the solution to the conflict is anywhere near.

Source: am Israeli, sorry for the terrible grammar.

edit: formatting and stuff.