Frequently Asked Questions About Shinto

What does Shinto mean?

Literally, Shinto means [the] "Kami Way".

What is Shinto exactly?

Shinto is an animistic/shamanistic religion that originates from Japan - and has a tradition that has lasted for over 2,000 years, stretching back to the Jomon period. It has been influenced by Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism and cultural traditions of Japan.

Besides what Shinto is, it's more than just a religion. It's a way of life, a religion, and a culture unto itself - both its own independent thing and yet something codependent with Japan and its national and cultural identity.

What are "Kami"?

Often erroneously translated and referred to as 'gods' due to the use of "Kami-sama" in Japanese Christianity, the Kami are best described as a group of noble spirits, each with a defined domain, purpose and virtue.

Does Shinto have scripture, ala Bible, Torah, Qu'ran type books?

No. Shinto is innately tied with Japanese history and thus is heavily referenced in books like the Kojiki, written in Classical Japanese and references the Kami and the history of Japan.

Did Shinto have to do with WWII/Pacific War?

Shinto was appropriated and made into State Shinto during the Meiji Restoration and before the surrender by Japan - but Shinto was and always will be a decentralized patchwork of shrines. There are some shrines, such as the Yasukuni Shrine, which have war criminals listed - but this is less an endorsement of their actions and more a normal last rites given to the dead.

What are the archways/gates above Shinto shrines?

These are Torii - and mark the beginning of a shrine/jinjya's terroritory and approach. They also are found on the grounds of Japanese Buddhist temples.

How is Shinto related to Buddhism?

The two are syncretic in Japan - capable of being followed alongside each other. Shinto shrines and Buddhist temples were once indistinguishable, as both kannushi and biku would staff a shrine. The Meiji Era brought an end to this, however.

Does Shinto worship the Emperor and ancestors?

Commonly families will worship ancestors in Japan - but this is a purely cultural derivation from Confucianism. The Emperor of Japan was never considered a Kami, but was tasked with certain rituals as well as being the representative for all of Japan among the kami. Since the Pacific War, besides some insensitive comments by Mori, an unpopular PM, this position has been minimized.