As a conservative American with a great deal of knowledge about world affairs, it is high time that Iran be balkanized into ethnic nation-states. I'll present my argument in as logical a way as possible.
1) The Iranian people are not a single ethnicity. They are a tribal culture much like their Arab cousins but within this culture, there are several distinct ethnic groups. There are Azerbaijanis, dislocated from their ethnic brothers to the north. There are Arabs in the south, there are Baluchis in the east, there are Kurds, and there are Persians. There are also Turkmen, who are cut off from their brothers across the border in Turkmenistan.
2) Europe was divided along ethnoreligious lines and has finally found peace. The problem in the Middle East is that there are no nation-states with solid identities. Instead, you have crudely and ignorantly drawn borders where central governments rule with an iron fist over many groups, setting each against each other and promoting hatred. For an example of what happens when that central government fails, look at Syria. You also have dying empires like Iran, who are one insurrection and overthrow away from an ethnic war.
3) Iran's central government is weak. It is not, contrary to what people think, a fearsome and organized regime. It's a hapless mob of pseudoreligious corrupt tyrants ruling over everyone with an imposed form of Islam, itself a problematic religion and ideology, over multiple ethnic groups. Shi'a Islam is forced down everyone's throats, a welfare class is created of families of revolutionaries and war martyrs, and the government is constantly at war with itself. And when Shi'ism isn't forced down people's throats, it's Persian supremacy.
4) The Arabs, Baluchis, Kurds and Azeris are oppressed. Every day you hear about a new young Kurd or Arab hung by the government. The Iranian government conducts ethnic killing of Sunni Kurds on a daily basis. Baluchistan and the Kurdish regions are systematically overlooked by the government to ensure their poverty. No languages other than Persian and Arabic are allowed. Azeris want freedom and to join their Turkish brothers to the north, because they cannot exercise their right to be a separate and autonomous group, unrelated to Persians. The Arabs in the southern regions are some of the most oppressed people on earth, and many sided with Saddam when he invaded them.
5) Iran as it is, is too threatening to US, EU, Israeli and Russian interests. Iran has too large of a coastline with the vital Persian Gulf and can muster itself to close the Strait of Hormuz. It also has access to East Asia and Europe, and faces the Caspian Sea and Indian Ocean. Its potential for power projection is huge. Iran's people are PROUD and stubborn, and a simple regime change isn't going to resolve the problem. For us in the rest of the world to have flowing oil and get to our jobs, a country as big and powerful as Iran cannot exist with such leverage over global energy.
6) Finally, even after the JCPOA, there is NOTHING stopping Iran from pursuing nuclear weaponry after the alloted 10-15 years. Once Iran gets that deterrent capability, it becomes hegemon of the Middle East vis-a-vis Israel. That means Iran sets the terms of the region. That means arms race. That means radical regimes in a volatile region with a violent religion get weapons of mass destruction. It is a worst outcome scenario. A divided and weak Iran will never muster the human capital and resources needed to pursue a nuclear arsenal, and it MUST be kept that way for the good of the world, not just the West.
I'd give it a couple decades. I believe the Kurds will break away first, and then a civil war will ensue as the people overthrow the Iranian regime. Perhaps 10 years of internal war and there would be a multinational effort to cease hostilities, and borders will be redrawn. In the end, it would allow for a much more stable Middle East.
I'd like opinions.
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