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Figure 5: A comparison of the infrared spectra of tholins synthesized in the gas and condensed phases.

From Photochemical activity of Titan’s low-altitude condensed haze

  • Murthy S. Gudipati1, 2,
  • Ronen Jacovi1, 7,
  • Isabelle Couturier-Tamburelli3,
  • Antti Lignell1, 7,
  • Mark Allen1, 4,
Journal name:
Nature Communications
Volume:
4,
Article number:
1648
DOI:
doi:10.1038/ncomms2649
A comparison of the infrared spectra of tholins synthesized in the gas and condensed phases.

Infrared spectra of tholin-like photopolymers at room temperature compared with tholins made from conventional discharge experiments by Imanaka41, 42. Method of preparation of tholin, bottom to top (a–d): JPL 266 nm laser photolysis (a); Marseille Hg lamp (>300 nm) pholysis (b); 10% methane in nitrogen discharge41 at 26 Pa (c) and at 160 Pa (d). An excellent comparison between longer wavelength photochemical polymer spectra (JPL: 266 nm; Marseille >300 nm) and with the discharge-made tholins spectra can be seen. In our spectra the ratio of CN to CH and NH, band strengths is different (more CN) compared to Imanaka’s data, because in our experiments far-less hydrogen is available (either as traces of H2O impurity, or intentionally added H2O or other hydrocarbons such as CH4 or C2H2). *Gas-phase CO2 residual absorption.

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Affiliations

  1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Science Division, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA

    • Murthy S. Gudipati,
    • Ronen Jacovi,
    • Antti Lignell &
    • Mark Allen
  2. IPST, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA

    • Murthy S. Gudipati
  3. Laboratoire Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires, UMR CNRS 7345, Aix-Marseille Université, 13397 Marseille cedex 20, France

    • Isabelle Couturier-Tamburelli
  4. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA

    • Mark Allen
  5. Present addresses: Flight Control Group, Urban Aeronautics LTD, Nahal-Snir 10, Yavne 81224, Israel (R.J.); Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, MC 127-72 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, USA (I.C.-T.)

    • Ronen Jacovi &
    • Antti Lignell

Contributions

M.S.G. and M.A. conceived the research ideas and wrote a significant part of the publication. M.S.G. coordinated the research activity, put the team together, involved in conducting the experiments, data analysis and data interpretation. R.J. and A.L. contributed to build infrastructure of the laboratory needed to synthesize the materials, conducted synthesis under the guidance of I.C. and majority of experiments described in this publication under the guidance of M.G. I.C. conducted the research in Marseille, France, as well as guided the synthesis and a part of photochemical investigations at JPL. R.J. performed the work as a NASA Post Doctoral Fellow at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. A.L. performed a part of this work at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory during Academy of Finland fellowship.

Competing financial interests

The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to:

  • Murthy S. Gudipati

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  • Murthy S. Gudipati

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