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Load/Store Unit (LSU)
The single load/store unit performs all loads and stores, alias operations and various other memory related tasks. The instruction format is shown below in Figure 4.
Figure 4 – Crusoe Load/Store Unit Instruction Format
All LSU operations take a fully calculated address in register ra; as with most VLIW architectures, no ra+offset or ra+rb addressing modes are provided.
Two kinds of loads and stores are possible: operations on physical CMS space addresses (as used in CMS itself), and operations as user code sees memory; i.e., addresses are translated by the TLB and can never access the protected CMS space.
The processor has two special 8KB SRAMs: the local program memory (LPM) and local data memory (LDM). The LPM holds often executed assist code for x86 page table lookups, alignment fixups, low level exception handling, interrupt handling, etc. This avoids having to bring such critical code into the L1 instruction cache on demand. The LDM contains data used by the LPM functions; i.e., copies of key x86 MSRs, native code stack, etc.
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