Linuxのハードウェアに関する詳細情報を取得する『Inxi』コマンド
今回は、Linuxが搭載されているハードウェアのパーツごと、例えばサウンドボードやマザーボード、ハードディスク等のベンダーや型番といった詳細情報を取得出来るコマンド『Inxi』を紹介する。
1.インストール
まずはインストールから。
以下のコマンドを実行しインストールを行う。
●Debian/Ubuntu
$ sudo apt-get install inxi
●RHEL系
$ sudo yum install inxi --enablerepo=epel
2.コマンドの実行
さて、それでは実際にコマンドを実行してみよう。まずはオプションを付けず、デフォルトの内容を表示してみる。
以下の内容は、実際に自宅で用いてるマシンのデータを表示している。
$ inxi CPU~Quad core Intel Core2 Quad Q9550 (-MCP-) clocked at 2833 Mhz Kernel~2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 x86_64 Up~24 days Mem~4803.8/7870.6MB HDD~21284.2GB(48.7% used) Procs~197 Client~Shell inxi~2.1.28
デフォルトで実行すると、CPUやカーネルのバージョン、HDDやメモリの容量が確認出来る。
ここで、ヘルプの内容を見てみよう。
$ inxi -h inxi supports the following options. You can combine them, or list them one by one. Examples: inxi -v4 -c6 OR inxi -bDc 6. If you start inxi with no arguments, it will show the short form. The following options if used without -F, -b, or -v will show just option line(s): A, C, D, G, I, M, N, P, R, S, f, i, n, o, p, l, u, r, s, t - you can use these alone or together to show just the line(s) you want to see. If you use them with -v [level], -b or -F, it will show the full output for that line along with the output for the chosen verbosity level. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Output Control Options: -A Audio/sound card information. -b Basic output, short form. Like inxi -v 2, only minus hard disk names. -c Color schemes. Scheme number is required. Color selectors run a color selector option prior to inxi starting which lets you set the config file value for the selection. Supported color schemes: 0-32 Example: inxi -c 11 Color selectors for each type display (NOTE: irc and global only show safe color set): 94 Console, out of X 95 Terminal, running in X - like xTerm 96 Gui IRC, running in X - like Xchat, Quassel, Konversation etc. 97 Console IRC running in X - like irssi in xTerm 98 Console IRC not in X 99 Global - Overrides/removes all settings. Setting specific removes global. -C CPU output, including per CPU clockspeed (if available). -d Optical drive data. Same as -Dd. See also -x and -xx. -D Full hard Disk info, not only model, ie: /dev/sda ST380817AS 80.0GB. See also -x and -xx. Disk total used percentage includes swap partition size(s). -f All cpu flags, triggers -C. Not shown with -F to avoid spamming. ARM cpus show 'features'. -F Full output for inxi. Includes all Upper Case line letters, plus -s and -n. Does not show extra verbose options like -x -d -f -u -l -o -p -t -r -G Graphic card information (card, display server type/version, resolution, glx renderer, version). -i Wan IP address, and shows local interfaces (requires ifconfig network tool). Same as -Nni. Not shown with -F for user security reasons, you shouldn't paste your local/wan IP. -I Information: processes, uptime, memory, irc client (or shell type), inxi version. -l Partition labels. Default: short partition -P. For full -p output, use: -pl (or -plu). -M Machine data. Motherboard, Bios, and if present, System Builder (Like Lenovo). Older systems/kernels without the required /sys data can use dmidecode instead, run as root. Dmidecode can be forced with -! 33 -n Advanced Network card information. Same as -Nn. Shows interface, speed, mac id, state, etc. -N Network card information. With -x, shows PCI BusID, Port number. -o Unmounted partition information (includes UUID and LABEL if available). Shows file system type if you have file installed, if you are root OR if you have added to /etc/sudoers (sudo v. 1.7 or newer) Example: <username> ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/file -p Full partition information (-P plus all other detected partitions). -P Basic partition information (shows what -v 4 would show, but without extra data). Shows, if detected: / /boot /home /tmp /usr /var. Use -p to see all mounted partitions. -r Distro repository data. Supported repo types: APT; PACMAN; PISI; YUM; URPMQ; Ports. -R RAID data. Shows RAID devices, states, levels, and components, and extra data with -x/-xx. md-raid: If device is resyncing, shows resync progress line as well. -s Sensors output (if sensors installed/configured): mobo/cpu/gpu temp; detected fan speeds. Gpu temp only for Fglrx/Nvidia drivers. Nvidia shows screen number for > 1 screens. -S System information: host name, kernel, desktop environment (if in X), distro -t Processes. Requires extra options: c (cpu) m (memory) cm (cpu+memory). If followed by numbers 1-20, shows that number of processes for each type (default: 5; if in irc, max: 5): -t cm10 Make sure to have no space between letters and numbers (-t cm10 - right, -t cm 10 - wrong). -u Partition UUIDs. Default: short partition -P. For full -p output, use: -pu (or -plu). -v Script verbosity levels. Verbosity level number is required. Should not be used with -b or -F Supported levels: 0-7 Example: inxi -v 4 0 Short output, same as: inxi 1 Basic verbose, -S + basic CPU + -G + basic Disk + -I. 2 Networking card (-N), Machine (-M) data, shows basic hard disk data (names only), and, if present, basic raid (devices only, and if inactive, notes that). similar to: inxi -b 3 Advanced CPU (-C), network (-n) data, and switches on -x advanced data option. 4 Partition size/filled data (-P) for (if present): /, /home, /var/, /boot. Shows full disk data (-D). 5 Audio card (-A); sensors (-s), partition label (-l) and UUID (-u), short form of optical drives, standard raid data (-R). 6 Full partition (-p), unmounted partition (-o), optical drive (-d), full raid; triggers -xx. 7 Network IP data (-i); triggers -xxx. -w Local weather data/time. To check an alternate location, see: -W <location>. For extra weather data options see -x, -xx, and -xxx. -W <location> Supported options for <location>: postal code; city, state/country; latitude/longitude. Only use if you want the weather somewhere other than the machine running inxi. Use only ascii characters, replace spaces in city/state/country names with '+'. Example: inxi -W new+york,ny -x Adds the following extra data (only works with verbose or line output, not short form): -C CPU Flags, Bogomips on Cpu; -d Extra optical drive data; adds rev version to optical drive. -D Hdd temp with disk data if you have hddtemp installed, if you are root OR if you have added to /etc/sudoers (sudo v. 1.7 or newer) Example: <username> ALL = NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/hddtemp -G Direct rendering status for Graphics (in X). -G (for single gpu, nvidia driver) screen number gpu is running on. -i IPv6 as well for LAN interface (IF) devices. -I System GCC, default. With -xx, also show other installed GCC versions. If running in console, not in IRC client, shows shell version number, if detected. Init/RC Type and runlevel (if available). -N -A Version/port(s)/driver version (if available) for Network/Audio; -N -A -G Network, audio, graphics, shows PCI Bus ID/Usb ID number of card. -R md-raid: Shows component raid id. Adds second RAID Info line: raid level; report on drives (like 5/5); blocks; chunk size; bitmap (if present). Resync line, shows blocks synced/total blocks. zfs-raid: Shows raid array full size; available size; portion allocated to RAID -S Desktop toolkit if avaliable (GNOME/XFCE/KDE only); Kernel gcc version -t Memory use output to cpu (-xt c), and cpu use to memory (-xt m). -w -W Wind speed and time zone (-w only). -xx Show extra, extra data (only works with verbose or line output, not short form): -A Chip vendor:product ID for each audio device. -D Disk serial number. -G Chip vendor:product ID for each video card. -I Other detected installed gcc versions (if present). System default runlevel. Adds parent program (or tty) for shell info if not in IRC (like Konsole or Gterm). Adds Init/RC (if found) version number. -M Chassis information, bios rom size (dmidecode only), if data for either is available. -N Chip vendor:product ID for each nic. -R md-raid: Superblock (if present); algorythm, U data. Adds system info line (kernel support,read ahead, raid events). If present, adds unused device line. Resync line, shows progress bar. -S Display manager (dm) in desktop output, if in X (like kdm, gdm3, lightdm). -w -W Humidity, barometric pressure. -@ 11-14 Automatically uploads debugger data tar.gz file to ftp.techpatterns.com. EG: inxi -xx@14 -xxx Show extra, extra, extra data (only works with verbose or line output, not short form): -S Panel/shell information in desktop output, if in X (like gnome-shell, cinnamon, mate-panel). -w -W Location (uses -z/irc filter), weather observation time, wind chill, heat index, dew point (shows extra lines for data where relevant). -y Required extra option: integer, 80 or greater. Set the output line width max. Overrides IRC/Terminal settings or actual widths. If used with -h, put -y option first. Example: inxi -y 130 -z Security filters for IP/Mac addresses, location, user home directory name. Default on for irc clients. -Z Absolute override for output filters. Useful for debugging networking issues in irc for example. Additional Options: -h --help This help menu. -H This help menu, plus developer options. Do not use dev options in normal operation! --recommends Checks inxi application dependencies + recommends, and directories, then shows what package(s) you need to install to add support for that feature. -V --version inxi version information. Prints information then exits. Debugging Options: -% Overrides defective or corrupted data. -@ Triggers debugger output. Requires debugging level 1-14 (8-10 - logging of data). Less than 8 just triggers inxi debugger output on screen. 1-7 On screen debugger output 8 Basic logging 9 Full file/sys info logging 10 Color logging. The following create a tar.gz file of system data, plus collecting the inxi output to file. To automatically upload debugger data tar.gz file to ftp.techpatterns.com: inxi -xx@ <11-14> For alternate ftp upload locations: Example: inxi -! ftp.yourserver.com/incoming -xx@ 14 11 With data file of xiin read of /sys. 12 With xorg conf and log data, xrandr, xprop, xdpyinfo, glxinfo etc. 13 With data from dev, disks, partitions, etc., plus xiin data file. 14 Everything, full data collection. Advanced Options: -! 31 Turns off hostname in output. Useful if showing output from servers etc. -! 32 Turns on hostname in output. Overrides global B_SHOW_HOST='false' -! 33 Forces use of dmidecode data instead of /sys where relevant (-M).
おー…結構色々なオプションがあるのね…
実際に、主要なオプションを使ってみる事にしよう。
基本出力を行う
「-b」オプションを付与することで、基本的な情報を取得することが出来る。
$ inxi -b
System: Host: mediaserver Kernel: 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 x86_64 (64 bit) Console: tty 0
Distro: CentOS release 6.4 (Final)
Machine: No /sys/class/dmi, using dmidecode: you must be root to run dmidecode
CPU: Quad core Intel Core2 Quad Q9550 (-MCP-) clocked at 2833 MHz
Graphics: Card: NVIDIA G98 [GeForce 8400 GS]
Display Server: N/A drivers: nouveau (unloaded: vesa,fbdev,nv)
tty size: 98x29 Advanced Data: N/A out of X
Network: Card: Realtek RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller driver: r8169
Drives: HDD Total Size: 21284.2GB (48.7% used)
RAID: Device: 1: /dev/md0
Info: Processes: 197 Uptime: 24 days Memory: 4804.1/7870.6MB Init: Upstart runlevel: 5
Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.1.28
HDDに関する情報を取得する
「-D」オプションを付与することで、HDDの情報を取得出来る。
$ inxi -D Drives: HDD Total Size: 21284.2GB (48.7% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-2: /dev/sdd model: WDC_WD6400AAKS size: 640.1GB ID-3: /dev/sdc model: WDC_WD6400AAKS size: 640.1GB ID-4: /dev/sdb model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-5: /dev/sde model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-6: /dev/sdf model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-7: /dev/sdh model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-8: /dev/sdg model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-9: /dev/sdi model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-10: /dev/sdj model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB
パーティションに関する情報を取得する
「-p」オプションを付与することで、パーティションに関する情報を取得する。
$ inxi -p Partition: ID-1: / size: 571G used: 56G (11%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sdd3 ID-2: /boot size: 517M used: 167M (34%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sdc1 ID-3: /home size: 12T used: 9.4T (89%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/dm-0 ID-4: swap-1 size: 16.78GB used: 0.43GB (3%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sdd2
マザーボードの情報を取得する
「-M」オプションで、マザーボードに関する情報を取得出来る。
$ inxi -M Machine: System: VMware product: VMware Virtual Platform Mobo: Intel model: 440BX Desktop Reference Platform Bios: Phoenix version: 6.00 date: 07/30/2013
NICに関する情報を取得する
「-n」オプションを付与することで、NICに関する情報を取得することが出来る。
$ inxi -n Network: Card: Realtek RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller driver: r8169 IF: eth0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: 00:1a:4d:5b:e4:94
「-i」オプションを追用いると、NICに関する情報に加えIPアドレスも取得出来る。
[media@mediaserver ~]$ inxi -i Network: Card: Realtek RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller driver: r8169 IF: eth0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: 00:1a:4d:5b:e4:94 WAN IP: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx IF: br0 ip: 192.168.xxx.xxx IF: eth0 ip: N/A IF: vnet0 ip: N/A
グラフィックカードの情報を取得する
「-G」オプションで、グラフィックカードの情報を取得出来る。
$ inxi -G Graphics: Card: NVIDIA G98 [GeForce 8400 GS] Display Server: N/A drivers: nouveau (unloaded: vesa,fbdev,nv) tty size: 98x29 Advanced Data: N/A out of X
オーディオカードの情報を取得する
「-A」オプションで、オーディオカードの情報を取得出来る。
$ inxi -A Audio: Card Intel 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: 1.0.21
主要な情報を全て取得する
「-F」オプションで、主要な情報を取得出来る。
$ inxi -F System: Host: mediaserver Kernel: 2.6.32-358.6.2.el6.x86_64 x86_64 (64 bit) Console: tty 0 Distro: CentOS release 6.4 (Final) Machine: No /sys/class/dmi, using dmidecode: you must be root to run dmidecode CPU: Quad core Intel Core2 Quad Q9550 (-MCP-) cache: 6144 KB Clock Speeds: 1: 2833 MHz 2: 2833 MHz 3: 2833 MHz 4: 2833 MHz Graphics: Card: NVIDIA G98 [GeForce 8400 GS] Display Server: N/A drivers: nouveau (unloaded: vesa,fbdev,nv) tty size: 98x29 Advanced Data: N/A out of X Audio: Card Intel 82801I (ICH9 Family) HD Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture v: 1.0.21 Network: Card: Realtek RTL8111/8168B PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet controller driver: r8169 IF: eth0 state: up speed: 1000 Mbps duplex: full mac: 00:1a:4d:5b:e4:94 Drives: HDD Total Size: 21284.2GB (48.7% used) ID-1: /dev/sda model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-2: /dev/sdd model: WDC_WD6400AAKS size: 640.1GB ID-3: /dev/sdc model: WDC_WD6400AAKS size: 640.1GB ID-4: /dev/sdb model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-5: /dev/sde model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-6: /dev/sdf model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-7: /dev/sdh model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-8: /dev/sdg model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-9: /dev/sdi model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB ID-10: /dev/sdj model: WDC_WD25EZRX size: 2500.5GB Partition: ID-1: / size: 571G used: 56G (11%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sdd3 ID-2: /boot size: 517M used: 167M (34%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sdc1 ID-3: /home size: 12T used: 9.4T (89%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/dm-0 ID-4: swap-1 size: 16.78GB used: 0.43GB (3%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sdd2 RAID: Device-1: /dev/md0 - active raid: 6 components: online: 7/7 - sde sdf1 sdh1 sdg sdi1 sda1 sdj1 spare: sdb1 Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: No active sensors found. Have you configured your sensors yet? mobo: N/A gpu: 72.0 Info: Processes: 197 Uptime: 24 days Memory: 4806.0/7870.6MB Init: Upstart runlevel: 5 Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 2.1.28
プロセス情報を取得する
「-xt」オプションを用いることで、プロセスに関する情報を取得出来る。
オプション指定の際は、CPU、メモリの使用率どちらを表示させるのか指定する必要がある。
まずはCPUから。
$ inxi -xt c Processes: CPU - % used - top 5 active 1: cpu: 5.3% command: qemu-kvm pid: 11257 mem: 3727.83MB (47.3%) 2: cpu: 2.9% daemon: ~md0_raid6~ pid: 1741 mem: 0.00MB (0.0%) 3: cpu: 0.0% command: smbd pid: 28472 mem: 3.86MB (0.0%) 4: cpu: 0.0% command: pickup pid: 28372 mem: 3.21MB (0.0%) 5: cpu: 0.0% command: -bash pid: 26596 mem: 1.88MB (0.0%)
次はメモリ。
$ inxi -xt m Processes: Memory - MB / % used - top 5 active 1: mem: 3727.83MB (47.3%) command: qemu-kvm pid: 11257 cpu: 5.3% 2: mem: 104.86MB (1.3%) command: squeezeboxserver (started by: perl) pid: 11034 cpu: 0.0% 3: mem: 30.85MB (0.3%) command: gnome-settings-daemon pid: 11426 cpu: 0.0% 4: mem: 19.52MB (0.2%) command: virt-who.py (started by: python) pid: 11167 cpu: 0.0% 5: mem: 18.50MB (0.2%) command: Xorg pid: 11315 cpu: 0.0%
こんなところだろうか。
ハードウェアに関する情報をこのコマンド一つで取得できるので、まぁ便利かなぁ。